Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（译林版）

该高中英语课件聚焦Unit 3语法模块，核心讲解动词-ing形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语。通过教材示例导入，结合“新知导学”“探究发现”引导学生观察黑体词功能，搭建从具体例句到语法规则的学习支架，帮助学生建立前后知识联系。 其亮点在于语法讲解结构系统，分定语、状语、宾语补足语三部分，“名师点津”对比-ing形式、过去分词、不定式差异，培养思维品质。核心词汇精研结合教材原句设计分层练习，提升语言能力。课时精练整合改写、写作等任务，助力学生掌握学习策略，教师可借助系统内容提升教学效率。

Unit 3　The world online Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 内容索引 语法探究 1 课时精练 3 知识拾遗 2 语法探究 返回 新知导学 动词-ing形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 教材示例 分析下列加黑部分并体会其语法特征。 1．JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers. 2．Fiona Lin，the lady running the website，had the idea after she watched her daughter dancing two years ago. 3．Taking advantage of the site’s great start，Fiona decided to add more content. 探究发现 1．黑体词在句中作__________。 2．黑体词在句中作____________。 3．黑体词在句中作______。 后置定语 宾语补足语 状语 语法精讲 一、动词-ing形式作定语 1．位置：单个的动词-ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；动词-ing形式短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 2．形式：动词-ing形式作定语(以do为例)有doing、形容词化的doing和being done三种形式。 3．具体用法 (1)动词-ing形式作定语 ①表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语，相当于for引导的介词短语。如： a swimming pool 游泳池(即：a pool for swimming) a washing machine 洗衣机(即：a machine for washing) No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。 ②和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词正在进行的或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的主动动作，相当于一个定语从句。如： The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother. ＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother. 在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。 名师点津　动词-ing表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；动词不定式表示动作尚未发生。如： You should adapt to the changing situation. 你应该适应不断变化的形势。 The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地上满是落叶。 I’m looking for a room to live in. 我正在找房子住。 (2)被动形式的动词-ing形式作定语：表示正在进行的被动动作，意为“正在被……”。如： The house being built here belongs to John. 这里正在建的房子是约翰的。 The meeting being held now is so important that no one is absent. 现在正在召开的会议非常重要，任何人都不得缺席。 (3)形容词化的动词-ing形式作定语，描述被修饰词的性质，意为“令人……的”；形容词化的过去分词形式作定语，常表示“ (主语)感到……的”。如： an exciting story　　　　vs.　　 an excited voice 令人兴奋的故事 激动的声音 a puzzling question　　　vs. a puzzled expression 令人困惑的问题 困惑的表情 二、动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语是高考的重要考点。高考除了考查它作状语的各种形式外，还常与省略句式一起考查，即when/while/if/unless/as if/as though/even if/even though/once＋动词-ing形式。 1．动词-ing形式作状语时的形式及其时态、语态含义 就其语法意义来讲，动词-ing形式作状语时，一般情况下，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，一般式 (doing或being done)所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时发生或正在进行。动词-ing完成式 (having done或having been done)所表示的动作先于主句谓语动词所表示的动作发生。 如： Walking along the street，I ran across my old friend.在街上散步的时候，我遇到了一位老朋友。 Having finished his homework，he went out for a walk.做完作业，他出去散步。 While (he was) watching TV，Grandpa fell asleep.看电视的时候，爷爷睡着了。 2．动词-ing形式作状语的具体用法 在句法功能上，动词-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件等，有时可带有连词(状语从句的省略)。具体来讲： (1)动词-ing形式作时间状语：通常放在句首，可转换为when，while，after等引导的时间状语从句。如： Hearing the noise，I turned round. ＝When I heard the noise，I turned round. 听到响声我转过身去。 (2)动词-ing形式作原因状语：一般置于句首，相当于as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。如： Being poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set. ＝Because he was poor，he couldn’t afford a TV set. 由于贫穷，他买不起电视机。 (3)动词-ing形式作条件状语：通常放在句首，可转换为if，unless，once等引导的条件状语从句。如： Working hard，you’ll certainly succeed. ＝If you work hard，you’ll certainly succeed. 只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。 (4)动词-ing形式作结果状语：通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。如： The fire lasted a whole night，causing great damage.大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。 (5)动词-ing形式作伴随、方式状语：动词-ing表示的动作和主句的谓语动作同时发生，此时它可转换成由连词连接的并列谓语。如： The teacher came into the lab，singing softly (＝and he/she sang softly). 老师进了实验室，轻声哼着歌。 名师点津 (1)动词-ing形式的否定形式为“not/never＋动词-ing”； (2)动词-ing形式作状语时，为明确状语的类型，有时可在其前加上相应的从属连词(如：when/while/if/unless/as if/as though/even if/even though/once，etc)，构成“从属连词＋动词-ing形式”的结构，此结构可视为状语从句的省略； (3)分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致。如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。如： There being no bus，we had to walk home. 由于没有公交车了，我们得走回家。 The trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.那些树非常高，其中一些高达90多米。 The weather being fine，we went out for a walk. 由于天气好，我们去散步了。 (4)有些动词-ing形式短语已成为习惯用语，用来修饰整个句子，作状语，如： generally/frankly/strictly speaking 一般/坦白/严格说来； talking/speaking of... 说到……； supposing... /assuming... /providing that... 假如……； judging from... 从……判断； considering... /seeing that... 考虑到……；既然，由于……； taking... into consideration 将……考虑在内；考虑到……； Judging from his face，he must be ill. 从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。 Generally speaking，dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 1．动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时的形式及其时态、语态含义 形式 时态意义 语态意义 Doing 表示正 在进行 构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表主动 being done 构成动词-ing形式的动词与句子宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表被动 2．动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的具体用法 (1)动词-ing形式及其短语可以用在表示感觉的动词(如see，observe，notice，watch，hear，smell，listen to，look at，feel等)以及其他动词(如catch，have，get，leave，keep，find等)的宾语后面，作宾语补足语。 I saw a small girl standing in front of a goldfish pond.我看到一个小女孩站在金鱼缸前。 名师点津　在一些感官、使役动词后既可以接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，其区别是：动词-ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，不是指全过程；动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或动作经常发生。 I saw the thief getting on the train. 我看见那个贼正在上火车。 I saw the thief get on the train and disappear. 我看见那个贼上了火车，消失了。 (2)用于with复合结构中，作宾语补足语。 I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。 With so many people looking at her，she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 体系构建 返回 知识拾遗 返回 belong vi.应在(某处)；能适应 (教材原句)JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers. JustDance是属于所有舞蹈爱好者的网站。 (1)belong to　　　　　　 属于；归……所有 (2)belonging n. 归属 a sense of belonging 归属感 (3)belongings n. 所有物；财产 personal belongings 个人财物 核心词汇精研 1 佳句背诵　While the two are only days apart in age，they seem to belong to wholly different generations. 虽然这两位年龄上只有几天之差，但他们好像属于完全不同年代的人。 名师点津　belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。类似用法的还有take place，occur，happen等。 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The students feel that they belong ____ a particular group. ②Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their __________(belong)？ ③Have you seen a dictionary __________(belong) to our school library？ 能力提升——微写作 ④这幢漂亮的建筑是他家的。 The beautiful building ___________________. to belongings belonging belongs to his family set up创建，建立 (教材原句)Fiona wanted to introduce more people to dance，so she set up JustDance. 菲奥纳想介绍更多人跳舞，所以就创建了JustDance。 set out for sp.　　　 出发去某地 set out to do sth.＝ set about doing sth. 开始做某事 set up 建立；创立 set aside 存储；留出 set down 放下；记下；登记 佳句背诵　They took to the streets，setting up roadblocks of burning tyres. 他们走上街头，用燃烧的轮胎设置路障。 2 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①I will help set _____ the English corner, providing us students a platform to practice our oral English. ②You’d better set ______ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. 能力提升——微写作 ③我给她安排了一次采访，详细地讨论了她的项目。 __________________________ and we discussed her project at length. up aside I set up an interview with her request vt.请求，要求n.要求，请求；要求的事 (教材原句)For example，she has requested a technical team to develop an app so as to satisfy different users’ needs.例如，她请一个技术团队开发了一个软件以便满足不同使用者的需求。 (1)request sb. to do sth.　　 请求某人做某事 request that... (should) do 要求/请求……做某事 (2)make (a) request for... 请求；要求…… at one’s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求 on/upon request 一经要求 3 佳句背诵　They are likely to respond positively to the president’s request for aid. 他们有可能积极地回应该总统的援助请求。 名师点津 request后的宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句以及It is requested that... 从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即 (should＋) do形式。 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①All members ______________ (request) to be present at the meeting yesterday. ②You’d sound a lot more polite if you make ____ request in the form of a question. 能力提升——微写作 ③李老师要求我们每天早晨大声朗读半小时英语。 Mr.Li ______________________________________ reading English aloud every morning. were requested a requests that we (should) spend half an hour 随堂演练 维度一　单词拼写 1．The buildings as well as the artworks of the Forbidden City are well protected by ________ (专业的) staff. 2．At last，we can actually ________(上传) the image. 3．The little girl wants to be a _______(芭蕾舞) dancer when she grows up. 4．If you ________(请求)something，you ask for it politely or formally. 5．Users can __________(下载) their material to a desktop PC back in the office. technical upload ballet request download 维度二　单句语法填空 1．We ____________(download) the application and had a quick look. 2．All the more ___________(technical) advanced countries put a high value on science. 3．In many cases，the clothes people wear identify them as __________ (belong) to a particular social class. 4．He played a major role in _______ (set) up the system. 5．They made a request ____ further aid. downloaded technically belonging setting for 返回 维度三　完成句子 1．我没想到要核对我的保险单。(occur) ____________________ to check my insurance policy. 2．富兰克林几乎可以做他想做的任何事情。(whatever) Franklin was free to do pretty much ___________________. 3．他注意到了每一个细节以便牢记这个场面。(so as to) He noted every detail ____________________________. It did not occur to me whatever he pleased so as to fix the scene in his mind 课时精练 返回 维度一　用动词-ing形式改写句子 1．The storm left and had caused a lot of damage to this area. →The storm left，___________________________________. 2．Do be more careful when you cross the street. →Do be more careful _____________________. 3．As it was a wet day，we couldn’t go for a walk. →________________，we couldn’t go for a walk. 4．Because he did not know how to do it，he went to her for help. →______________________，he went to her for help. 5．As soon as she had made the beds，she started making breakfast. →____________________，she started making breakfast. 基础达标 having caused a lot of damage to this area when crossing the street It being a wet day Not knowing how to do it Having made the beds 维度二　单句语法填空 1．The ________(wait)room is always full of all kinds of people. 2．I saw a stranger ________(come)into the manager’s office. 3．The boys _________(gather)at the school gate are my classmates. 4．Those ________(wish)to join this club should sign here. 5．_____________(miss)the bus，we had to walk home. 6．_________(watch)the play，she couldn’t keep back her tears. 7．Not _________(know)how to do it，he turned to the engineer for help. 8．The student ________(talk)with the foreigners over there is my brother. 9．When I saw the dog ___________(beat)by several boys，I came up to stop them. 10．The man left us ________(stand)alone，unable to find any help. waiting coming gathering wishing Having missed Watching knowing talking being beaten standing 维度三　语法与写作 (一)用括号内的基本句型完成下面句子。 1．在聊天室，汤姆(Tom)和一个陌生人聊了起来。(begin doing) In a chat room，___________________________. 2．他叫Todd，声称自己是一个13岁的中学生。(claiming短语作定语) __________________________________________________ is called Todd. 3．他请求汤姆借给他一大笔钱。(request sb. to do) __________________________ a large sum of money. 4．听到这个消息，他家人决定找警察局的专家咨询。(when doing作状语) ________________， his family decided to talk to a specialist at the police department. Tom began talking to a stranger The boy claiming to be a 13-year-old middle school student He requested Tom to lend him When hearing this (二)运用衔接词把上面的句子合并成一篇40词左右的微型作文。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ In a chat room，Tom began talking to a boy.At first the boy claiming to be a 13-year-old middle school student is called Todd.Then after a while he requested Tom to lend him a large sum of money.When hearing this，his family decided to talk to a specialist at the police department. 素能提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A As he applied sunscreen to his young daughter’s face，Dara O’Rourke，a professor of environmental and labor policy at the University of California，Berkeley，found himself wondering if the lotion (霜) was safe. He realized there was no readily available answer. The result—two years，a team of chemists，lots of testing and venture capital (风险投资) later—is GoodGuide. com. Launched in 2008，this is a website with a smart phone app that rates 140，000 consumer products (only in America) according to their safety，environmental sustainability and the ethics of the firms that make them. Now GoodGuide has created a new “purchase analyzer” app designed to inform consumers not just about the values attached to products，but also about whether they are the virtuous (有信誉的) shoppers they say they want to be. Using the new app requires selecting a series of characteristics，which range from whether the user favours organic products to buying only from firms with a good human-rights record. Consumers then scan the bar code on a product with the camera in their smart phones. The app identifies it and checks in a database to score it. Much therefore depends on the quality of the data，which GoodGuide gathers from various sources，including government reports，scientific studies，and research by its own staff. If the product scores badly，the app will recommend an alternative item which is rated more highly. The app also tracks a consumer’s purchases to see how well he lives up to his selected values，giving a sort of personal virtue rating. So far，GoodGuide has mostly been used by shoppers who are keen to know about any issues connected with products they buy. They are mothers concerned about a child’s health，older people facing a chronic (慢性的) illness or supporters of a cause，such as animal rights. The hope behind the app is that the idea of finding out about a product’s background will become the mainstream. Consumers rarely change their buying habits，even when provided with scientific and other data，says Mr O’Rourke. So he has drawn on insights from behavioral economics，which show shoppers can be greatly influenced by peer pressure and by information passed on to them by people they know. The app tries to take advantage of these pressures. The virtue rating will inform consumers how well they are doing according to the values they espouse (拥护).That measurement encourages them to do better. Soon，the rating will be able to be shared with others on social media sites such as Facebook，which could inspire a shopper to consume more thoughtfully. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助人们知道一个产品是否货真价实的应用程序。 1．Why does the author mention Dara O’Rourke applying sunscreen to his daughter？ A．To show Dara O’Rourke’s deep love for his daughter. B．To present the potential risks young children may face. C．To introduce the background of the creation of GoodGuide. com. D．To show customers’ increasing attention to the safety of products. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He realized there was no readily available answer... is GoodGuide. com.”可知，欧罗克往他年幼的女儿脸上抹防晒霜时，他发现自己在怀疑这种防晒霜是否安全，推断作者提及此是为了介绍GoodGuide. com网站创建的背景。故选C。 √ 2．What can we know about the new “purchase analyzer” app？ A．It gathers data about the quality of a product from users. B．It recommends products based on users’ personal preference. C．It gives users guidance on how to identify the quality of a product. D．It traces users’ purchases to judge whether they are virtuous shoppers. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Now GoodGuide has created... ”可知，“购物分析家”软件会跟踪用户的购买，判断他们是否是有信誉的购物者。故选D。 √ 3．According to O’Rourke，people’s buying habits can be greatly affected by ________． A．acquaintances’ recommendations B．sellers’ marketing strategies C．scientific data D．advertisements 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So he has drawn on insights... ”可知，同辈压力及购物者认识的人传递给他们的信息都能对购物者产生很大的影响。故选A。 √ 4．The purpose of the personal virtue rating is to encourage people to ________． A．spend wisely B．change their buying habits C．deal with peer pressure positively D．share their shopping experiences 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Soon，the rating will... to consume more thoughtfully.”可知，个人品德评定的目的是鼓励人们理性消费。故选A。 √ B A new app aims to help parents interpret what their baby wants based on the sound of their cry. The free app ChatterBaby，which was released last month，analyzes the acoustic (声学的) features of a baby’s cry，to help parents understand whether their child might be hungry，fussy or in pain. While critics say caregivers should not rely too much on their smartphones，others say it’s a helpful tool for new or tired parents. Ariana Anderson，a mother of four，developed the app. She originally designed the technology to help deaf parents better understand why their baby was upset，but soon realized it could be a helpful tool for all new parents. To build a database，Anderson and her team uploaded 2，000 audio samples of infant (婴儿) cries. She used cries recorded during ear piercings and vaccinations to distinguish pain cries. And to create a baseline for the other two categories，a group of moms had to agree on whether the cry was out of being either hungry or fussy. Anderson’s team continues to collect data and hopes to make the app more accurate (精准的) by asking parents to get specific about what certain sounds mean. Pediatrician Eric Ball pointed out that evaluating cries can never be an exact science.“I think that all of the apps and technology that new parents are using now can be helpful but need to be taken seriously，” Ball said，“I do worry that some parents will get stuck in big data and turn their parenting into basically a spreadsheet (电子表格) which I think will take away the love and caring that parents are supposed to be providing for the children.” But Anderson said the aim of the app is to have parents interpret the results，not to provide a yes or no answer. The Bells，a couple using this app，say it’s a win-win. They believe it is helping not only their baby now but potentially others in the future. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上个月刚发布的一款新的免费应用程序ChatterBaby，这款应用程序开发的初衷、过程、意义，以及儿科医生的观点。 5．The underlined “interpret” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to______． A．remove B．announce C．conquer D．understand 词义猜测题。由第一段画线词所在句可知，第一句话引出话题，第二句话进一步解释该话题。画线词interpret与第二句中的understand意思相近，意为“理解”。故选D项。 √ 6．Who was the app designed for in the beginning？ A．Deaf parents. B．All new parents. C．Ariana Anderson. D．Crying babies. 细节理解题。由第二段第二句“She originally designed the technology to help deaf parents better understand why their baby was upset，”可知，这项应用最初是为失聪的父母而设计的。故选A项。 √ 7．What is Ball’s opinion about the app？ A．The app can create an accurate result. B．Parents should use the app wisely. C．Parents and babies are addicted to the app. D．The app makes babies lose love and caring. 推理判断题。由第五段“I think that all of the apps and technology... are supposed to be providing for the children.”可知，Ball认为家长们可以借助于这个应用程序，但是关爱孩子的情绪本就是养育孩子的一个环节，所以家长应该明智地使用这款应用程序。故选B项。 √ 8．What is the text mainly about？ A．Parents should not rely too much on their smart phones. B．Parents can deal with babies’ hunger with the help of a new app. C．A new app helps parents figure out why their babies are crying. D．A new app called ChatterBaby can prevent babies from crying. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一、二句可知，文章介绍了一款能帮助父母解读婴儿为什么哭的新的应用程序ChatterBaby。故选C项。 √ C China will give the green light to Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare. Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for some common and chronic diseases in patients’ follow-up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services，including consultations (会诊)，reservations and test result inquiries. As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries，the demand for health services has increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public. One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be applied and the one-stop settlement will be advanced. The real-time sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored，as well. “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decisions made.”One spokesman said.“In recent years，top-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patients. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.” To solve the problem，a two-pronged (双管齐下的) approach must be taken. One is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing of quality medical resources. The government will see to it that long-distance healthcare services cover all county-level hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that high-speed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for long-distance healthcare services. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了关于中国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗服务的详细内容。 细节理解题。根据第二段“The top levels of hospitals will be... reservations and test result inquiries.”可知，高级医院被鼓励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会诊、预约挂号和检查结果查询，并没有提到医疗手术。故选A项。 9．According to the text，which of the following services won’t a patient enjoy online？ A．Receiving a medical operation. B．Asking doctors for advice after the test. C．Several doctors discussion about the disease. D．Making an appointment with a doctor in advance. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“As China joins the... health services has increased accordingly.”可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家行列，对健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求增加的原因。故选C项。 √ 10．Why is the demand for health services increasing in China？ A．The expense of medical care. B．The recognition of health insurance. C．The improvement of people’s life quality. D．The inconvenience of hospital equipment. 标题归纳题。由文章开头“China will give the green light... promote Internet Plus Healthcare.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。故选B项。 √ 11．What can be the suitable title for the text？ A．Modern Hospitals B．Online Healthcare on Its Way C．No More Burden for General People D．Wide Applications of Internet Service Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you？　1　 Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time？ Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies (礼节).But many social norms (规范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication. Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning，a co-author of Emily Post’s Etiquette，asked，“At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost？” 　2　 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts，you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail，too，is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners.　3　 Alexander Graham Bell，the inventor，suggested that people say，“Ahoy！” Finally，hello won out，and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications. In the age of the smart phone，there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast，a business’ phone number，or directions to a house，a restaurant，or an office，which can be easily found on a digital map. But people still ask these things.　4　 How to handle these differing standards？ Easy: Consider your audience. Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message.　5　 In traditional societies，the young learn from the old. But in modern societies，the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do. A．Then there is voice mail. B．Others，like me，want no reply. C．Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet？ D．Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life？ E．And when you answer，they respond with a thank-you e-mail. F．Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier. G．When the telephone was invented，people didn’t know how to greet a caller. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手机电脑网络时代新的交流方式冲击了传统礼节，造成了不同人对两者的不同运用。我们要多考虑对方的情况，互相理解，既有礼貌又尽量不浪费别人时间。 Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you？_____________________________________________ Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time？ 上文用一组排比句列举了既发语音邮件又发信息浪费他人时间的具体表现，下文“Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time？”对这些做法提出了疑问。C项是另一个浪费别人时间的表现，承接上文。故选C项。 C．Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet？ __________________________ Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts，you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail，too，is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. 作者下文提到留下语音邮件又发电子邮件通知的情况。空处位于段首，A项可放段首，引出voice mail，下文对其进行具体介绍。故选A项。 A．Then there is voice mail. This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners. _______________________________________________________________________ Alexander Graham Bell，the inventor，suggested that people say，“Ahoy！” Finally，hello won out，and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications. 下文说明当时Bell刚发明电话时确定怎样打招呼的问题，G项说明人们不知道如何和来电者打招呼，与下文衔接。故选G项。 G．When the telephone was invented，people didn’t know how to greet a caller. In the age of the smart phone，there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast，a business’ phone number，or directions to a house，a restaurant，or an office，which can be easily found on a digital map. But people still ask these things. ________________________ _______________________________ 上文说明在智能手机时代，人们仍然会问一些通过查询数字地图能够解决的生活问题。E项承接上文，进一步说明人们浪费别人时间的一些“礼节性”行为。故选E项。 E．And when you answer，they respond with a thank-you e-mail. How to handle these differing standards？ Easy: Consider your audience. Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message. _________________________________ In traditional societies，the young learn from the old. But in modern societies，the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do. 段首两句说明不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法，我们要多考虑对方的情况，互相理解。上句“Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message.”介绍了老年人的习惯，B项与之对比，指出年轻人与老年人不同。故选B项。 B．Others，like me，want no reply. Ⅲ.语法填空 This paper is about how blue light is bad for you． 1．_______ (month) of studies and test have shown that blue light can make 2．____ hard for people to sleep；this means your body doesn’t get the rest it 3．_______ (need).This can then lead to things like heart problems，feeling unhappy，and 4．_______ (get) fat. Blue light is the light from your phone or computer. We 5．_______(test) two groups of people，and let them do different things before bed: look at a phone or read a book. We found that when you look at a phone before bed，you feel less 6．______ (tire) and spend less time sleeping. Months it needs getting tested tired The good thing is that we also found some things people can do 7．________ (stay) away from this problem. One is not to look at a phone or computer two hours before going to bed. Another thing 8．____________ people can do is to get a lot of bright light from the sun during 9．_____ day. This will help people sleep at night. Research has shown us a lot，but there is even 10．______ (much) that should be done. We will keep on studying the dark side of blue light to help people avoid problems it may bring. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手机或电脑发出的蓝光对我们的危害和一些防御的方法。 that/which the more to stay 1．答案：Months　 2．答案：it　 考查名词的单复数。结合空格后的of studies可知，用复数名词表泛指，意为“数月的研究”符合语境，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Months。 考查代词。分析句式结构可知，此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to sleep。故填 it。 3．答案：needs　 4．答案：getting　 考查主谓一致。分析句式结构可知，此处是省略引导词的定语从句，从句中主语 it 为第三人称单数形式，且根据上文的doesn’t 可知，时态为一般现在时，所以此处用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填needs。 考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用动词-ing形式作伴随状语与上文的feeling并列。故填getting。 5．答案：tested　 6．答案：tired　 考查动词的时态。分析句意再根据下文的found可知，此处应该是用一般过去时。故填tested。 考查词性转换。根据空格前的感官动词feel可知，此处应该用形容词作表语。故填tired。 7．答案：to stay　 8．答案：that/which　 考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to stay。 考查定语从句。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句。故填 that/which。 返回 9．答案：the　 10．答案：more　 考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处是指在白天获得明亮光线，所以用the构成固定短语during the day表示“在白天”，符合语境。故填the。 考查比较级。根据空格前的even并结合句意可知，此处应该用提示词的比较级形式。故填more。 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 3　The world online 返回 $