精品解析：广东省广雅中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

2024学年第一学期高一年级期中考试试卷 英 语 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用120分钟。 注意事项： 开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 1. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。 2. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，不得使用涂改液，不得使用计算器。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 3. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much is the shirt? A. $80. B. $100. C. $120. 2. What can we learn about the man’s father? A. He will be taken to hospital. B. He has changed his eating habit. C. He lost weight because of his illness. 3. What will the man probably buy? A. A blouse. B. A skirt. C. A sweater. 4. Which course will the woman take? A. Chemistry. B. Biology. C. Art. 5. What does the woman think of the movie? A. amazing B. disappointing C. unexpected 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was the woman’s mother asked to bring a plate? A. To share food. B. To provide a plate. C. To help in serving. 7. What are the speakers talking about? A. A language barrier. B. A local tradition. C. A culture shock. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the woman? A. An artist. B. An architect. C. A student. 9. What is the relationship between the man and Sally? A. Husband and wife. B. Colleagues. C. Schoolmates. 10. How did the woman come to know the man? A. They met by accident. B. They attended a wedding. C. They joined the same company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman probably do? A. A hotel clerk B. A house agent C. A tour guide 12. What is Mr. Kewley’s opinion on the flat? A. It’s convenient. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s noisy. 13. What is showing a declining trend in the reserve? A. wildcats. B. fish. C. plants. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What do we know about Chris? A. He feels stressed recently. B. He is tired of his job. C. He changed to a better job. 15. How does Mary sound? A. optimistic B. encouraging C. humorous 16. Where could Mary most probably be? A. At her office B. At home C. At a restaurant 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Presenting the schedule. B. Introducing the rules. C. Giving a self-introduction. 18. What is Miss Judith Benton responsible for? A. Explaining the rules. B. Introducing the college. C. Discussing financial matters. 19. What does the speaker ask the students to do in the evening? A. Visit the campus B. Dress formally. C. Move into the dormitory. 20. Where is the speaker now? A. In the library. B. In the dining hall. C. In the administrator’s office. 第二部分：单项选择(共10题，每小题1分) 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others? A. effort B. forward C. formal D. explore 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查音标。A. effort/ə/；B. forward/ɔː /；C. formal/ɔː /；D. explore/ɔː /。根据划线词发音可知，选择项A与其它选择项不同。故选A。 2. When the right opportunity ________ she’ll take it. A. comes across B. comes true C. comes along D. comes down 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当合适的机会出现时，她会抓住它。A. comes across偶然遇见；偶然发现；B. comes true（梦想、愿望等）实现；C. comes along出现；到来；一起来；D. comes down下降；落下；（价格、温度等）降低。根据“she’ll take it”可知，合适的机会出现时，她就会抓住机会。故选C。 3. Be careful with your passport and money when you are in a foreign country, ________? A. will you B. can you C. aren’t you D. don’t you 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：当你在国外时，小心你的护照和钱，好吗？陈述部分是肯定的祈使句，附加问句一般用will you 或won't you，故选A项。 4. — What did you buy yesterday? —A ______ dress. A. pink silk beautiful B. beautiful silk pink C. beautiful pink silk D. silk pink beautiful 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词的顺序。句意：——你昨天买了什么?——一件漂亮的粉色丝绸连衣裙。当几个形容词同时作定语修饰名词时排列顺序为：美丑——大小形状——颜色——国籍——材质，结合选项中所给形容词可知，应是beautiful pink silk。故选C。 5. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly. A. will change B. has changed C. is changing D. will have changed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：选择一款个人使用的手机不是一件容易的事，因为技术变化如此之快。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，此处表示当前的动向，应用现在进行时。故选C。 6. My brother wrote the things and people______she was interested in. A. that B. which C. who D. whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：我哥哥写了他感兴趣的人和事物。A. that那个，引导从句；B. which哪一个；C. who谁；D. whom谁。分析句子结构，本句是定语从句，引导词指代先行词the things and people，既有人又是物，并在从句中作宾语，关系词只能用that，故选A。 7. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A. which B. what C. whose D. that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。分析句子可知，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。 8. Teenagers should try to be____________ of their parents, doing something on their own. A. independent B. impressive C. aware D. proud 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：青少年应该尽量不依赖父母，自己做一些事情。A. independent独立的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. aware对……有意识的；D. proud骄傲的。根据doing something on their own可知，此处指青少年应该尽量不依赖父母，be independent of“不依赖”。故选A项。 9. Tom’s mother demanded that she ________ everything on time. A would tell B. tell C. have told D. be told 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆的妈妈要求把一切都按时告诉她。demand表示 “要求”，当它后面接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即 “（should）+ 动词原形” 的形式，should可以省略。从句主语she 与tell之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。 10. Which part is predicate (表语) of the sentence below? “Though we have known each other for many years, he still seems a stranger to me. ” A. have known B. each other C. for many years D. a stranger to me 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：“虽然我们已经认识很多年了，但他对我来说仍然是一个陌生人。”本句是Though引导的让步状语从句，其中we是主语，have known是谓语动词，each other是宾语，for many years是时间状语；在主句中he是主语，seems是系动词，a stranger to me是表语，故选D项。 第三部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A High School Programs in Australia Beautiful weather, friendly people and a widely varied landscape are just a few of the reasons you should choose to spend time in Australia as a high school student. Here are some programs you can choose from. High School Exchange Individuals studying for a semester or full year in Australia will usually live with a host family. This is a great opportunity for students to see what daily family life is like in Australia. Students learning English will see their language skills improve from communicating with their new friends and family, while those familiar with the language already can use this opportunity to learn more about the day-to-day life in Australia. Youth Travel Tours Travel tours for teens are a wonderful way for high school students to spend a short, concentrated amount of time abroad. Tours are usually for different themes such as cooking, adventure travel, or volunteerism. Students will have a fun, unique experience while incorporating educational components like environmental or cultural studies-and all without missing your normal coursework back home. Summer Study Program For students who only have the few months of summer break available, an advanced summer program is perfect. Just keep in mind, the summer of the northern hemisphere is actually the winter of Australia. Oftentimes these summer programs can be partnered with universities that will allow students to receive college credits. 11. What can High School Exchange offer? A. A good command of what we learn at school. B. A better understanding of Australian culture. C. A wonderful way to communicate with famous teachers. D. A precious chance to make friends from different countries. 12. Who may want to choose Youth Travel Tours? A. Those who are interested in painting. B. Those who are interested in cooking. C. Those who like doing adventure sports. D. Those who want to take a part-time job. 13. Which program should you choose if you want to earn college credits? A. Summer Study Program. B. Youth Travel Tours. C. High School Exchange. D. All of the programs. 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些澳大利亚的高中课程项目及其优点。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 “This is a great opportunity for students to see what daily family life is like in Australia.”（这是一个很好的机会，可以让学生看到澳大利亚的日常家庭生活是什么样的。）及最后一句“ those familiar with the language already can use this opportunity to learn more about the day-to-day life in Australia.”（那些已经熟悉了这种语言的学生能利用这个机会了解更多澳大利亚的日常生活。）可知，参与该课程项目可以让学生更好地了解澳大利亚的日常生活，即更好地理解当地文化风俗。故选B项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Tours are usually for different themes such as cooking, adventure travel, or volunteerism.”（旅行团通常有不同的主题，如烹饪、探险旅行或志愿服务。）可知，对烹饪感兴趣的同学可能会参与该项目。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Oftentimes these summer programs can be partnered with universities that will allow students to receive college credits.”（通常，这些暑期项目可以与大学合作，让学生获得大学学分。）可知，参加暑期学习项目可以获得学分。故选A项。 B Unless you are fortunate enough to know an NBA player, Ryan Martin is probably the best basketball player you'll ever meet. Unlike those who fly up and down the court (球场),however, Martin is forced to take a different approach; he doesn't have legs. Martin, a 33-year old man, is a professional wheelchair basketball player. His achievements have taken him halfway around the world to play in Spain for the last seven years. There he made a comfortable living playing basketball and working with some of the greatest athletes in the world. “A good wheelchair player can make $ 50,000 a year, while a star can make six figures,” said Martin. What's more, he couldn't see his family for months and European cities were unfriendly to the disabled. He also had to learn Spanish. Martin, however, overcame those drawbacks(困难). He started by playing basketball when he was 12. It didn't take long for him to fall in love with the sport and, after graduating from Somers High, he attended Southwest Minnesota State University on a basketball scholarship. In college, he scored over 1 ,000 points in his career and set several school records. And he works as hard—if not harder—than any other professional athlete. “He destroys me,” said Gina Navarra, who works out with Martin on occasion. “What he does amazes me.” Martin also recognizes that, at age 33, he's in the back end of his career. With that in mind, he has been focusing more and more on his foundation. “I have 12 brothers and sisters. College gave me a true sense of achievement. The foundation is designed to give those with disabilities the opportunity to realize the dreams that I once had,” Martin said. “I'm not saying that out of a sense of pity,” he said. “I realize how fortunate I am to have achieved what I have. But I want to open doors for people.” 14. What was Ryan Martin's life like in Spain? A. Free. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Bittersweet. 15. How was Ryan Martin's performance in college? A. He stood out in basketball. B. He failed to make a record. C. He was weak in his studies. D. He never won a scholarship. 16. Why has Ryan Martin been working for the foundation? A. To help those in need. B. To finish his basketball career. C. To earn more money for his family. D. To learn basketball skills from other players. 17 Which of the following words best describe Ryan Martin? A. Honest and responsible. B. Ambitious and sensitive. C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Determined and warm-hearted. 【答案】14. D 15. A 16. A 17. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了轮椅篮球运动员Ryan Martin的事迹。他幼年时失去双腿，爱上篮球后经过努力拼搏，最终成为出色的篮球运动员，并且建立基金会，帮助残障人士实现他们的梦想。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There he made a comfortable living playing basketball and working with some of the greatest athletes in the world.”以及第三段中“What's more, he couldn't see his family for months and European cities were unfriendly to the disabled. He also had to learn Spanish. Martin, however, overcame those drawbacks(困难).”可知，Martin在西班牙靠打球能维持很不错的生活，但是同时他也面临人们对残障人士的歧视而且他要学西班牙语来克服语言障碍。所以可以看到他在西班牙的生活有喜有忧，苦乐参半。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In college, he scored over 1 ,000 points in his career and set several school records.”在大学期间，他在职业生涯中获得了超过1000分的成绩，并创下了几项学校纪录。可知，Martin在上大学时在篮球方面表现突出。故选A项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The foundation is designed to give those with disabilities the opportunity to realize the dreams that I once had”可知，基金会旨在帮助那些残障人士去实现自己的梦想。由此判断出为什么瑞安·马丁一直在为基金会工作是为了帮助那些有需要的人。故选A项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。Ryan Martin虽然失去双腿，但他克服重重困难，坚持不懈，经过努力拼搏，成为一名出色的轮椅篮球运动员。并且建立基金会，帮助其他有残疾的人实现梦想。由此可知，Ryan Martin是一个拥有坚定意志、富有爱心的人。故选D项。 C Let’s get one thing straight: Studying sometimes is boring, right? But it is extremely necessary. After all, working through difficult material is a necessary part of the learning process—which leads to the obvious question: If I have to do it, is there at least a way to make it fun? During Carol Dweck’s research for her book Mindset (思维模式): The New Psychology of Success, she found that students deal with learning in one of the two ways: they either look at difficult courses with a fixed mindset or with a growth mindset. Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this...But I have to tough it out.” Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony (证明) to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. Difficulty and interest go hand in hand. If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. 18. Which of the following might students with fixed mindsets believe? A. They are not interested in math. B. Their abilities are not valued. C. Their mindset determines their ability. D. Failure is caused by their intelligence. 19. What does the underlined phrase “tough it out” mean in paragraph 2? A. Stick to it. B. Get away from it. C. Give in to it. D. Refer to it. 20. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Students who are able to deal with difficult problems do better in their studies. B. Students who find it hard to fix problems lose their interest in their studies. C. Students mindsets play a huge role in how interested they are in their studies. D. Students’ interests have a big effect on how well they perform in their studies. 21. What may the author suggest learners doing to make studying fun? A. Choosing an active and positive mindset. B. Regarding learning as a test of intelligence. C. Paying little attention to the task difficulty. D. Looking for a strong inspiration to succeed. 【答案】18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于成长型思维的新的研究情况：学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，学习者应该选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” (那些心态固定的人认为智力和才能是一成不变的。例如，如果他们发现某个数学问题很难，他们会想，“我想我就是不擅长数学。”)”可知，有固定心态的学生可能认为失败是由于他们的智力水平有限。故选D。 【19题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段的“In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this. (相比之下，拥有成长心态的学生确信他们可以在生活的各个方面改变和成长。如果他们遇到一个难题，他们会想：“我可以做得更好”。)”可知，拥有成长心态的学生相信自己可以做得更好，面对难题会坚持不放弃。A. Stick to it.坚持它；B. Get away from it. 远离它；C. Give in to it. 向它屈服；D. Refer to it.参考它。结合选项可知，A选项可以解释划线短语。故选A。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. (拥有固定心态的学生可能只有当他们马上做得很好时才会保持兴趣。那些觉得很难的人，他们的兴趣和乐趣可能会大大下降。如果不能证明他们的智商，他们就不会喜欢这个科目。相比之下，拥有成长型心态的学生即使发现任务非常困难，也能继续表现出同样高水平的乐趣。)”可知，学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，即心态对他们的学习兴趣起着很大的作用。故选C。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. (如果你想成功并享受你的学习，不要认为你的课程是一系列的测试，显示你有多聪明或不聪明。相反，把它们看作是不断学习和成长的机会。)”可知，作者建议学习者选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。故选A。 D Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown. Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago. Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands. 22. What did Sibert and Rubin find? A. The negative impact of the extinction of sharks. B. The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks. C. The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem. D. The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. 23. How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study? A. By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide. B. By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks. C. By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. D. By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities. 24. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? A. Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. B. The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level. C. Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks’ extinction. D. Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change. 25. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Sharks: The Stories behind Them B. Sharks: The Marine Masters C. Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood? D. Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction 【答案】22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. (在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此，西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降，D项“The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. (大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降)”符合题意。故选D项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. (西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了一种利用鲨鱼皮和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小硬块的系统，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底)”可知，西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底，因此， C项“By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. (通过使用一种系统来研究鲨鱼自然掉落的碎片)”是西伯特和鲁宾进行他们的研究的方式，C项符合题意。故选C项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. (至于其他原因，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。)”可知，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关，因此， A项“Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. (过度捕捞是鲨鱼多样性丧失的部分原因)”是正确的陈述，A项符合题意。故选A项。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. (在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。他们的发现表明，过去公海上的一些物种灭绝可能是神秘的。)”可知，本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。因此，本文最好的标题是D项“Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction (鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝)”符合题意。故选D项。 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. ___26___ In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer. The energy stored within is suddenly released. The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. ___27___ Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage. ___28___ Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage. ___29___ In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it. The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. ___30___ In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path. A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. C. Throughout history, there are numerous destructive big earthquakes. D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. E. So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the earth plates. F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake. 【答案】26. F 27. D 28. A 29. G 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了地震形成的原因、影响等。 【26题详解】 由上文“An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. (当两个板块相互摩擦时，就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。)”可知，本空要说跟“运动导致地震”有关的话题，故F选项“If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. (如果一个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破裂。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 【27题详解】 由下文“Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage. (许多面临风险的地区现在人口众多。今天袭击这些地区的大地震可能会造成可怕的破坏。)”可知，本空要说跟“大地震袭击人口众多地区”有关的话题，故D选项“If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. (如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大破坏。)”能引起下文，也能与上文“If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property.(如果一个无人居住的地区被袭击，生命或财产损失将很低)”形成对比。故选D。 【28题详解】 由下文“Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage. (然而，幸运的是，由于里氏震级较小，大多数地震都没有引起公众的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2级地震这样的大地震会造成数百万美元的损失。)”可知，本空要说跟“小地震”有关的话题，故A选项“Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. (事实上，每年都有几百万次小地震。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。 【29题详解】 由下文“In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it. (1972年，尼加拉瓜的马那瓜发生了一系列强烈地震。15年后，这座城市仍然是地震发生后一周的样子，因为这座城市一团糟，没有必要的资金来重建它。)”可知，本空要说跟“地震后持续数年的影响”有关的话题，故G选项“The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake. (地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选G。 【30题详解】 由下文“In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path. (在1906年的地震中，造成最大损失的是地震后引发的大火。地震还可以摧毁城市或山谷上方的大坝，引发洪水，席卷所到之处的一切。)”可知，本空要说跟“地震引发的火灾和洪水的破坏”有关的话题，故B选项“It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. (火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。 第四部分：语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。 When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He studied hard to get good ____31____ and tried to behave well. He was shy and shorter than the other boys. Besides, his father was ____32____ and had little time for him. Except for his ____33____ for housework after school, there was no communication. Marco felt very ____34____. One day his maths teacher called him that some young teenagers were ____35____ a public speaking contest. She thought he should give it a ____36____. She firmly believed he could perform on stage (舞台) like other kids. Feeling her strong trust, Marco agreed to ____37____ the contest. All winter, he took a bus to ____38____ twice a week in another city, where the competition would take place. Marco was taken by a strong ____39____ he never felt before. Finally, the big day arrived. His father, and yes, his maths teacher, were present. When he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt ____40____ at home. He was funny, and acted very naturally. He won! He noticed his father’s eyes were ____41____ — he was so proud. It was then that his father ____42____ he should pay more attention to the child. As the winner, his name was ____43____ in the local papers. He knew this was the ____44____ of his new life. It all happened because of a phone call, from one who ____45____ him. 31. A. gifts B. habits C. grades D. skills 32. A. lazy B. silent C. serious D. busy 33. A. suggestions B. promises C. comments D. orders 34. A. lonely B. anxious C. frightened D. annoyed 35. A. thinking about B. signing up for C. going back to D. worrying about 36. A. debate B. focus C. try D. challenge 37. A. enter B. continue C. organise D. quit 38. A. compete B. register C. practise D. revise 39. A. pain B. energy C. love D. risk 40. A. totally B. actually C. partly D. obviously 41. A. moving B. shining C. admiring D. confusing 42. A. preferred B. remembered C. recommended D. realized 43. A. shared B. published C. applied D. attracted 44. A. style B. impression C. lesson D. start 45. A. depended on B. heard about C. believed in D. listened to 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. D 43. B 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述性格内向的Marco在数学老师的鼓励和信任下参加演讲比赛，并最终获胜的故事。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他努力学习以取得好成绩，并努力表现良好。A. gifts礼物；B. habits习惯；C. grades成绩；D. skills技巧。根据上文“He studied hard”可知，努力学习应是为了获得好成绩，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他的父亲很忙，很少有时间陪他。A. lazy懒惰的；B. silent沉默的；C. serious严重的，严肃的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文“had little time for him”可知，爸爸很少有时间陪他，说明爸爸很忙，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了放学后他吩咐做家务外，没有任何交流。A. suggestions建议；B. promises承诺；C. comments评论；D. orders命令，要求。根据空后“for housework after school”可知，此处指父亲要求儿子放学后做家务，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Marco感到很孤单。A. lonely孤单的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed生气的，恼怒的。根据上文“had little time for him”及“there was no communication”可知，父亲忙碌得没有时间陪Marco，父子之间很少交流，Marco应是感到很孤独。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他的数学老师打电话给他，说一些青少年报名参加一个公开演讲比赛。A. thinking about考虑；B. signing up for报名参加；C. going back to回到；D. worrying about担心。根据空后“a public speaking contest”可知，此处指报名参加演讲比赛，故选B。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为他应该试一试。A. debate辩论；B. focus焦点；C. try尝试；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“She firmly believed he could perform on stage (舞台) like other kids.(她坚信他能像其他孩子一样在舞台上表演)”可知，数学老师相信他能像其他孩子一样在舞台上表演，此处指老师认为他应该试一试。give it a try尝试，故选C。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Marco感受到了她的强烈信任，同意参加比赛。A. enter进入，参加；B. continue继续；C. organise组织；D. quit放弃。上文提到老师很相信他，下文提到Marco努力练习，故Marco同意参加比赛，故选A。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个冬天，他每周两次乘公共汽车去另一个城市练习，比赛将在那里举行。A. compete竞争；B. register注册；C. practise练习； D. revise修订。比赛前Marco应是努力练习，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Marco被一种前所未有的强大力量所吸引。A. pain痛苦；B. energy能量，力量；C. love爱；D. risk风险。根据上文“She firmly believed he could perform on stage (舞台) like other kids.(她坚信他能像其他孩子一样在舞台上表演)”及语境可知，老师很相信Marco的能力，他进行着刻苦的练习，所以此处指他被一种前所未有的力量所吸引。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他走上舞台开始演讲时，他感到很自在。A. totally完全地；B. actually实际上；C. partly部分地；D. obviously明显地。根据下文“He was funny, and acted very naturally.(他很有趣，表现得很自然)”可知，Marco表现得很出色，完全地自在，故选A。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注意到父亲的眼睛闪闪发光——他非常自豪。A. moving移动；B. shining闪耀，发光；C. admiring钦佩，羡慕；D. confusing使困惑。根据上文“He won!(他赢了)”以及下文“he was so proud.(他非常自豪)”可知，Marco赢了，父亲的眼睛闪闪发光，感到非常自豪，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他的父亲意识到他应该多关心孩子。A. preferred更喜欢，宁愿；B. remembered想起，记得；C. recommended推荐，建议；D. realized意识到。上文提到Marco的父亲非常忙碌，很少和Marco交流，此处指他看到Marco获胜，意识到自己要多关注儿子，故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为获胜者，他的名字刊登在当地报纸上。A. shared分享；B. published发表，刊登；C. applied申请；D. attracted吸引。结合空后“in the local papers”可知，此处指Marco获胜后名字被刊登在当地报纸上，故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道这是他新生活的开始。A. style风格；B. impression印象；C. lesson功课；D. start开始。根据空后“his new life”可知，这次获奖让Marco开启了新的生活。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一切都是因为一个电话，一个相信他的人打来的。A. depended on依靠；B. heard about听说； C. believed in相信，信任；D. listened to听。结合第二段中“She firmly believed he could perform on stage (舞台) like other kids. Feeling her strong trust…(她坚信他能像其他孩子一样在舞台上表演。感受她强烈的信任……)”可知，由于Marco的数学老师的信任，Marco参加了比赛并获胜，所以这一切都源自一个信任他的电话。故选C。 第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. The benefits of AI kitchens include ____46____ (enable) cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. For personalized eating, AI can fit ____47____ (count) special diets and tastes on demand. ____48____, there are risks to human well-being. Cooking is one of the best activities ____49____ helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be diminished (减少) if the human element becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative kitchen environment. Cultural risks must also ____50____ (consider). For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods or oversimplifies cultural details, ____51____ may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes. Relying too heavily ____52____ technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, ____53____ (lead) to a sameness in taste. Convenience can come at ____54____ great cost, so it’s important to consider the _____55_____ (possible) of social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely ties to our everyday lives. 【答案】46. enabling 47. countless 48. However 49. that 50. be considered 51. which 52. on 53. leading 54. a 55. possibility 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人工智能厨房带给人类便利的同时也需要考虑其带来的风险。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能厨房的好处包括使厨师能够避免枯燥的任务，比如削土豆皮或在工作站站几个小时。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据include doing sth.意为“包括做某事”可知，此处应为动名词形式作宾语。故填enabling。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于个性化饮食，人工智能可以根据需要适应无数特殊的饮食和口味。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词diets，count的形容词countless意为“无数的”，符合句意。故填countless。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，这对人类福祉是有风险的。结合句意可知，此空后的内容与上文讲述的内容之间为转折关系，所以此处使用副词however作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：烹饪是有助于交流和自我表达的最佳活动之一，但如果人的因素变得不必要，这些好处就会减少。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词activities指的是事物，且被最高级修饰，所以此处只能使用关系代词that。故填that。 【50题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：文化风险也必须考虑在内。此处位于情态动词must之后，所以使用动词原形，结合句意，consider与主语cultural risks之间为被动关系。故填be considered。 【51题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：例如，人工智能可能会打乱传统的食谱和方法，或者过度简化文化细节，这可能会导致人工智能和机器人厨师制作的菜肴种类减少。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是主句的内容，指的是事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：过于依赖科技，可能会导致菜品缺乏多样性，导致口味千篇一律。此处为固定短语rely on意为“依赖，依靠”符合句意，所以此处使用介词on。故填on。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：过于依赖科技，可能会导致菜品缺乏多样性，导致口味千篇一律。此处为非谓语动词作状语，lead to与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填leading。 【54题详解】 考查冠词。句意：便利可能要付出巨大的代价，所以考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱的可能性很重要，尤其是在与我们日常生活密切相关的食品等领域。此处为at a great cost意为“代价太大”符合句意，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：便利可能要付出巨大的代价，所以考虑新技术可能带来的社会混乱的可能性很重要，尤其是在与我们日常生活密切相关的食品等领域。此处为名词作宾语，possible的名词为possibility意为“可能性”。故填possibility。 第三节：课本词汇短语填空(每小题1分，总计15分) 根据句子中的中英文提示词或释义或首字母，用 Welcome unit 至 Unit 4 范围内的短语或句型的正确形式填空。 (76~85为单词填空) 56. Our college is to make ________(安排) for the meeting.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】arrangements 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学院将安排这次会议。根据句意和所给汉语提示，应是名词 arrangement；短语make arrangements for …“为……做安排”，arrangement应用复数形式。故填arrangements。 57. He is a man of great ________ (信誉) in our school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】credit 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他在我们学校是一个很有信誉的人。形容词 great后接名词形式。名词“信誉”英文为credit。根据汉语提示及句意，故填credit。 58. I never forget winning my first silver ________ (奖牌). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】medal 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我永远不会忘记赢得我的第一枚银牌。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，此处表示“奖牌”为medal，结合句意，此处应为名词单数形式。故填medal。 59. With government’s aid, people ________ (to do something that has an effect) by the earthquake have moved to new homes. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】affected 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在政府的援助下，受地震影响的人们已经搬到了新家。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词people，根据提示的英文可知，此处为affect意为“影响”，affect与被修饰词people之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填affected。 60. We should know both ________ (a particular quality or ability that gives someone or something an advantage) and weaknesses of this person. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】strengths 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该了解这个人的优点和缺点。根据“a particular quality or ability that gives someone or something an advantage (使某人或某事具有优势的特定品质或能力)”可知，空处需要用名词strength“优点，长处”，用复数形式，表示多个优点，与空后的weaknesses并列，作know的宾语。故填strengths。 61. I know I should stop drinking. Don’t give me a ________ (an act of criticizing someone or warning them about something in a long serious talk) on it. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】lecture 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我知道我应该戒酒了。别对我说教了。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的英文an act of criticizing someone or warning them about something in a long serious talk (在长时间的严肃谈话中批评某人或警告他们某事的行为)可知，此处为lecture意为“告诫，谴责”符合句意，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填lecture。 62. When you are old and lonely, it’s better to raise a dog to keep you c________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】company##ompany 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你老了孤独的时候，最好养一只狗来陪伴你。根据句意以及提示的首字母可知，此处应为company意为“陪伴”，keep sb. company意为“陪伴某人”符合句意。故填company。 63. It’s rained heavily, but they sought in vain for somewhere to s________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】shelter##helter 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：雨下得很大，但他们找不到避雨的地方。不定式to后面接动词原形。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词shelter，表示 “躲避；避难”。故填shelter。 64. In time came the armed police and soldiers who r________ those who were trapped in ruins. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】rescued##escued 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：不久，武警和士兵们来了，他们营救了那些被困在废墟中的人。此处是定语从句中谓语动词，根据句意和提示的首字母，用动词rescue，意为“援救”，结合句意和主句时态，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时态。故填rescued。 65. Which kind of public t___________ do you prefer to use: bus or train? （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】transport 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你喜欢乘坐哪一种公共交通工具:公共汽车还是火车?分析句子可知，设空处为宾语，应用名词形式，根据句意和首字母，transport符合题意，transport是不可数名词，故填transport。 (86~90为短语填空) 66. 飞机穿过云层下降时，绿地和白色的房子便映入眼帘。 As the plane came down through the clouds green fields and white houses ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. came ②. into ③. sight 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“映入眼帘”用短语come into sight。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填came into sight。 67. 我不理解这首诗，但如果我再读一遍可能就懂了。 I can’t ________ ________ ________ this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again. 【答案】 ①. make ②. sense ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。“理解”作谓语，可用动词短语make sense of表达，情态动词can’t后用原形。故填①make②sense③of。 68. 来自我们老师和父母的支持对我们的学习有很大影响。 The support from our teachers and parents surely ________ ________ great ________ to our study. 【答案】 ①. makes ②. a ③. difference 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据句意，句意“对……有很大影响” 用短语 make a great difference to...。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The support，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填makes a; difference。 69. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 It seemed as if the world were ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. coming ②. to ③. an ④. end 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气。该句为as if引导的表语从句，根据句意，此处as if引导的从句要用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的事实，表示“末日”为come to an end，与主语the world之间为主动关系，空前有were，所以此处为现在分词形式。故填①coming②to③an④end。 70. 尽管比赛以失败告终，但是妮娜并不灰心。 Although the competition ended up as a failure, Nina didn’t ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. lose ②. heart 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管比赛以失败告终，但是妮娜并不灰心。“灰心”作主句谓语，用动词短语lose heart，在助动词didn’t后用原形。故填①lose②heart。 第四节：课文填空(每小题2分，满分10分) A 根据课文内容填空 When Micheal Jordan’s feet left the ground, ________71________. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” change basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the ________72________ that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to ________73________ to win. Jordan says that the key to success is learning from his failures. 【答案】71. time seemed to stand still 72. mental strength 73. find a way 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“飞人乔丹”出色的动作和跳跃改变了篮球，他的技术令人印象深刻，而他在比赛中表现出的精神力量令他与众不同。 【71题详解】 考查时态、固定短语、名词。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了。描述乔丹在空中飞翔的瞬间，常用“时间似乎静止了”来形容这种超凡的表现。表示“时间”用time，作主句主语。表示“似乎做某事”用seem to do sth.，根据空前的left可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式seemed。表示“静止了”用stand still，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形。故填time seemed to stand still。 【72题详解】 考查名词、形容词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他表现出的精神力量使他与众不同。表示“精神的”用形容词mental，作前置定语，修饰“力量”。表示“力量”用名词strength，作but后句子的主语。故填mental strength。 【73题详解】 考查动词不定式、名词。句意：在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹总是似乎能找到一种方法去赢得比赛。表示“找到”用动词find，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形；修饰“一种方法”用a way，作find的宾语。故填find a way。 B 根据课文内容填空 Tangshan started to revive itself and ________74________. With strong support from the government and ________75________ the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 【答案】74. get back up on its feet 75. the tireless efforts of 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是唐山地震后重建的情况。 【74题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：唐山开始复苏，重新站起来。根据句意以及上文的“Tangshan started to revive itself”可知，让山开始复苏，此处与空前内容为并列关系，表示“重新站起来”为get back on one’s feet，主语为Tangshan，所以one’s为its，且此空与revive itself为并列关系，所以此处使用动词原形。故填get back up on its feet。 【75题详解】 考查形容词和名词。句意：在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建立起来了。根据句意以及上文的“With strong support from the government”可知，此处描述的是新唐山是如何从废墟中建立起来的，所以此处表示“在市民的不懈努力”为the tireless efforts of the city’s people，其中tireless作定语修饰efforts，of表示“……的”，原文中已经给出the city’s people。故填the tireless efforts of。 第五部分：写作(满分15分) 76. 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health” 栏目投稿，向同学们分享你对健康生活方式的看法，内容包括： 1. 健康生活方式的重要性； 2. 如何养成健康的生活方式。 注意事项：词数100左右；标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Embracing a Healthy Lifestyle: The Path to Wellness ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Embracing a Healthy Lifestyle: The Path to Wellness A healthy lifestyle is of great significance. It not only keeps us physically fit but also boosts our mental well-being, enabling us to handle life’s challenges with ease. To develop a healthy lifestyle, we should maintain a balanced diet, including plenty of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Regular exercise is also essential, such as taking a brisk walk or joining a sports team. Moreover, getting enough sleep and managing stress effectively are equally important. Let’s take the initiative to embrace a healthy lifestyle. By doing so, we can not only enhance our present quality of life but also lay a solid foundation for a prosperous future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的投稿。要求考生写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health” 栏目投稿，向同学们分享你对健康生活方式的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要性：significance→ importance 健康的：fit→ healthy 处理：handle→ deal with 此外：moreover→ what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It not only keeps us physically fit but also boosts our mental well-being, enabling us to handle life’s challenges with ease. 拓展句：It not only keeps us physically fit but also boosts our mental well-being, which enables us to handle life’s challenges with ease. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Let’s take the initiative to embrace a healthy lifestyle.（运用了祈使句） 【高分句型2】By doing so, we can not only enhance our present quality of life but also lay a solid foundation for a prosperous future.（运用了not only…but also…连接的并列谓语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期高一年级期中考试试卷 英 语 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用120分钟。 注意事项： 开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 1. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。 2. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，不得使用涂改液，不得使用计算器。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 3. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，请将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much is the shirt? A. $80. B. $100. C. $120. 2. What can we learn about the man’s father? A. He will be taken to hospital. B. He has changed his eating habit. C. He lost weight because of his illness. 3. What will the man probably buy? A. A blouse. B. A skirt. C. A sweater. 4. Which course will the woman take? A. Chemistry. B. Biology. C. Art. 5. What does the woman think of the movie? A. amazing B. disappointing C. unexpected 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why was the woman’s mother asked to bring a plate? A. To share food. B. To provide a plate. C. To help in serving. 7. What are the speakers talking about? A. A language barrier. B. A local tradition. C. A culture shock. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Who is the woman? A An artist. B. An architect. C. A student. 9. What is the relationship between the man and Sally? A. Husband and wife. B. Colleagues. C. Schoolmates. 10. How did the woman come to know the man? A. They met by accident. B. They attended a wedding. C. They joined the same company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman probably do? A. A hotel clerk B. A house agent C. A tour guide 12. What is Mr. Kewley’s opinion on the flat? A. It’s convenient. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s noisy. 13. What is showing a declining trend in the reserve? A. wildcats. B. fish. C. plants. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What do we know about Chris? A. He feels stressed recently. B. He is tired of his job. C. He changed to a better job. 15. How does Mary sound? A. optimistic B. encouraging C. humorous 16. Where could Mary most probably be? A. At her office B. At home C. At a restaurant 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Presenting the schedule. B. Introducing the rules. C. Giving a self-introduction. 18. What is Miss Judith Benton responsible for? A. Explaining the rules. B. Introducing the college. C. Discussing financial matters. 19. What does the speaker ask the students to do in the evening? A. Visit the campus B. Dress formally. C. Move into the dormitory. 20. Where is the speaker now? A. In the library. B. In the dining hall. C. In the administrator’s office. 第二部分：单项选择(共10题，每小题1分) 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others? A. effort B. forward C. formal D. explore 2. When the right opportunity ________ she’ll take it. A. comes across B. comes true C. comes along D. comes down 3. Be careful with your passport and money when you are in a foreign country, ________? A. will you B. can you C. aren’t you D. don’t you 4. — What did you buy yesterday? —A ______ dress. A. pink silk beautiful B. beautiful silk pink C. beautiful pink silk D. silk pink beautiful 5. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly. A. will change B. has changed C. is changing D. will have changed 6. My brother wrote the things and people______she was interested in. A. that B. which C. who D. whom 7. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A. which B. what C. whose D. that 8. Teenagers should try to be____________ of their parents, doing something on their own. A. independent B. impressive C. aware D. proud 9. Tom’s mother demanded that she ________ everything on time. A. would tell B. tell C. have told D. be told 10. Which part is predicate (表语) of the sentence below? “Though we have known each other for many years, he still seems a stranger to me. ” A. have known B. each other C. for many years D. a stranger to me 第三部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A High School Programs in Australia Beautiful weather, friendly people and a widely varied landscape are just a few of the reasons you should choose to spend time in Australia as a high school student. Here are some programs you can choose from. High School Exchange Individuals studying for a semester or full year in Australia will usually live with a host family. This is a great opportunity for students to see what daily family life is like in Australia. Students learning English will see their language skills improve from communicating with their new friends and family, while those familiar with the language already can use this opportunity to learn more about the day-to-day life in Australia. Youth Travel Tours Travel tours for teens are a wonderful way for high school students to spend a short, concentrated amount of time abroad. Tours are usually for different themes such as cooking, adventure travel, or volunteerism. Students will have a fun, unique experience while incorporating educational components like environmental or cultural studies-and all without missing your normal coursework back home. Summer Study Program For students who only have the few months of summer break available, an advanced summer program is perfect. Just keep in mind, the summer of the northern hemisphere is actually the winter of Australia. Oftentimes these summer programs can be partnered with universities that will allow students to receive college credits. 11. What can High School Exchange offer? A. A good command of what we learn at school. B. A better understanding of Australian culture. C. A wonderful way to communicate with famous teachers. D. A precious chance to make friends from different countries. 12 Who may want to choose Youth Travel Tours? A. Those who are interested in painting. B. Those who are interested in cooking. C. Those who like doing adventure sports. D. Those who want to take a part-time job. 13. Which program should you choose if you want to earn college credits? A. Summer Study Program. B. Youth Travel Tours. C. High School Exchange. D. All of the programs. B Unless you are fortunate enough to know an NBA player, Ryan Martin is probably the best basketball player you'll ever meet. Unlike those who fly up and down the court (球场),however, Martin is forced to take a different approach; he doesn't have legs. Martin, a 33-year old man, is a professional wheelchair basketball player. His achievements have taken him halfway around the world to play in Spain for the last seven years. There he made a comfortable living playing basketball and working with some of the greatest athletes in the world. “A good wheelchair player can make $ 50,000 a year, while a star can make six figures,” said Martin. What's more, he couldn't see his family for months and European cities were unfriendly to the disabled. He also had to learn Spanish. Martin, however, overcame those drawbacks(困难). He started by playing basketball when he was 12. It didn't take long for him to fall in love with the sport and, after graduating from Somers High, he attended Southwest Minnesota State University on a basketball scholarship. In college, he scored over 1 ,000 points in his career and set several school records. And he works as hard—if not harder—than any other professional athlete. “He destroys me,” said Gina Navarra, who works out with Martin on occasion. “What he does amazes me.” Martin also recognizes that, at age 33, he's in the back end of his career. With that in mind, he has been focusing more and more on his foundation. “I have 12 brothers and sisters. College gave me a true sense of achievement. The foundation is designed to give those with disabilities the opportunity to realize the dreams that I once had,” Martin said. “I'm not saying that out of a sense of pity,” he said. “I realize how fortunate I am to have achieved what I have. But I want to open doors for people.” 14. What was Ryan Martin's life like in Spain? A. Free. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Bittersweet. 15. How was Ryan Martin's performance in college? A. He stood out in basketball. B. He failed to make a record. C. He was weak in his studies. D. He never won a scholarship. 16. Why has Ryan Martin been working for the foundation? A. To help those in need. B. To finish his basketball career. C. To earn more money for his family. D. To learn basketball skills from other players. 17. Which of the following words best describe Ryan Martin? A. Honest and responsible. B. Ambitious and sensitive. C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Determined and warm-hearted. C Let’s get one thing straight: Studying sometimes is boring right? But it is extremely necessary. After all, working through difficult material is a necessary part of the learning process—which leads to the obvious question: If I have to do it, is there at least a way to make it fun? During Carol Dweck’s research for her book Mindset (思维模式): The New Psychology of Success, she found that students deal with learning in one of the two ways: they either look at difficult courses with a fixed mindset or with a growth mindset. Those with fixed mindsets believe that intelligence and talent are set in stone. For example, if they find a certain math problem difficult, they’d think, “I guess I’m just not a math person.” In contrast, students with growth mindsets are certain that they could change and grow in every area of their lives. If they come across a difficult problem, they will think, “I can get better at this...But I have to tough it out.” Dweck found that most students start out pretty interested in a subject. Yet over the semester, something happens. Students with the fixed mindset may stay interested only when they do well right away. Those who find it difficult are likely to show a big drop in their interest and enjoyment. If it isn’t a testimony (证明) to their intelligence, they can’t enjoy it. In contrast, students with the growth mindset are able to continue to show the same high level of enjoyment even when they find the work very difficult. Difficulty and interest go hand in hand. If you want to succeed and enjoy your studying, don’t think of your classes as a series of tests that show just how intelligent or unintelligent you are. Instead, think of them more as ongoing opportunities to learn and grow. 18. Which of the following might students with fixed mindsets believe? A. They are not interested in math. B. Their abilities are not valued. C. Their mindset determines their ability. D. Failure is caused by their intelligence. 19. What does the underlined phrase “tough it out” mean in paragraph 2? A. Stick to it. B. Get away from it. C. Give in to it. D. Refer to it. 20. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Students who are able to deal with difficult problems do better in their studies. B. Students who find it hard to fix problems lose their interest in their studies. C. Students mindsets play a huge role in how interested they are in their studies. D. Students’ interests have a big effect on how well they perform in their studies. 21. What may the author suggest learners doing to make studying fun? A. Choosing an active and positive mindset. B. Regarding learning as a test of intelligence. C. Paying little attention to the task difficulty. D. Looking for a strong inspiration to succeed. D Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown. Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago. Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands. 22. What did Sibert and Rubin find? A. The negative impact of the extinction of sharks. B. The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks. C. The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem. D. The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago. 23. How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study? A. By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide. B. By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks. C. By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks. D By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities. 24. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? A. Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity. B. The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level. C. Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks’ extinction. D. Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change. 25. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Sharks: The Stories behind Them B. Sharks: The Marine Masters C. Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood? D. Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. ___26___ In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer. The energy stored within is suddenly released. The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. ___27___ Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage. ___28___ Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage. ___29___ In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn’t have the money necessary to rebuild it. The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. ___30___ In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path. A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. C. Throughout history, there are numerous destructive big earthquakes. D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction. E. So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the earth plates. F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other pressure builds up until the plates break apart. G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake. 第四部分：语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该选项标号涂黑。 When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He studied hard to get good ____31____ and tried to behave well. He was shy and shorter than the other boys. Besides, his father was ____32____ and had little time for him. Except for his ____33____ for housework after school, there was no communication. Marco felt very ____34____. One day, his maths teacher called him that some young teenagers were ____35____ a public speaking contest. She thought he should give it a ____36____. She firmly believed he could perform on stage (舞台) like other kids. Feeling her strong trust, Marco agreed to ____37____ the contest. All winter, he took a bus to ____38____ twice a week in another city, where the competition would take place. Marco was taken by a strong ____39____ he never felt before. Finally, the big day arrived. His father, and yes, his maths teacher, were present. When he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt ____40____ at home. He was funny, and acted very naturally. He won! He noticed his father’s eyes were ____41____ — he was so proud. It was then that his father ____42____ he should pay more attention to the child. As the winner, his name was ____43____ in the local papers. He knew this was the ____44____ of his new life. It all happened because of a phone call, from one who ____45____ him. 31. A. gifts B. habits C. grades D. skills 32. A. lazy B. silent C. serious D. busy 33. A. suggestions B. promises C. comments D. orders 34. A. lonely B. anxious C. frightened D. annoyed 35. A. thinking about B. signing up for C. going back to D. worrying about 36. A. debate B. focus C. try D. challenge 37. A. enter B. continue C. organise D. quit 38. A. compete B. register C. practise D. revise 39. A. pain B. energy C. love D. risk 40. A. totally B. actually C. partly D. obviously 41. A. moving B. shining C. admiring D. confusing 42. A. preferred B. remembered C. recommended D. realized 43. A. shared B. published C. applied D. attracted 44. A. style B. impression C. lesson D. start 45. A. depended on B. heard about C. believed in D. listened to 第二节：语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since technology tends to be expensive at first, restaurants and other businesses are the first ones to use AI kitchen technologies. The benefits of AI kitchens include ____46____ (enable) cooks to avoid boring tasks such as peeling potatoes or standing at a workstation for hours. For personalized eating, AI can fit ____47____ (count) special diets and tastes on demand. ____48____, there are risks to human well-being. Cooking is one of the best activities ____49____ helps with communication and self-expression, but these benefits could be diminished (减少) if the human element becomes unnecessary. Family relationships might suffer without the collaborative kitchen environment. Cultural risks must also ____50____ (consider). For example, AI could mess up traditional recipes and methods or oversimplifies cultural details, ____51____ may result in AI and robot cooks producing less diverse dishes. Relying too heavily ____52____ technology in meal creation may result in a lack of variety, ____53____ (lead) to a sameness in taste. Convenience can come at ____54____ great cost, so it’s important to consider the _____55_____ (possible) of social disruptions (扰乱) that new technologies might bring, especially in areas like food that are closely ties to our everyday lives. 第三节：课本词汇短语填空(每小题1分，总计15分) 根据句子中的中英文提示词或释义或首字母，用 Welcome unit 至 Unit 4 范围内的短语或句型的正确形式填空。 (76~85为单词填空) 56. Our college is to make ________(安排) for the meeting.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 57. He is a man of great ________ (信誉) in our school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. I never forget winning my first silver ________ (奖牌). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. With government’s aid, people ________ (to do something that has an effect) by the earthquake have moved to new homes. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 60. We should know both ________ (a particular quality or ability that gives someone or something an advantage) and weaknesses of this person. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 61. I know I should stop drinking. Don’t give me a ________ (an act of criticizing someone or warning them about something in a long serious talk) on it. (根据英文提示单词拼写) 62. When you are old and lonely, it’s better to raise a dog to keep you c________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 63. It’s rained heavily, but they sought in vain for somewhere to s________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 64. In time came the armed police and soldiers who r________ those who were trapped in ruins. (根据首字母单词拼写) 65. Which kind of public t___________ do you prefer to use: bus or train? （根据首字母单词拼写） (86~90为短语填空) 66. 飞机穿过云层下降时，绿地和白色的房子便映入眼帘。 As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses ________ ________ ________. 67. 我不理解这首诗，但如果我再读一遍可能就懂了。 I can’t ________ ________ ________ this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again. 68. 来自我们老师和父母的支持对我们的学习有很大影响。 The support from our teachers and parents surely ________ ________ great ________ to our study. 69. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 It seemed as if the world were ________ ________ ________ ________. 70. 尽管比赛以失败告终，但是妮娜并不灰心。 Although the competition ended up as a failure, Nina didn’t ________ ________. 第四节：课文填空(每小题2分，满分10分) A 根据课文内容填空 When Micheal Jordan’s feet left the ground, ________71________. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” change basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the ________72________ that he showed made him unique. In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to ________73________ to win. Jordan says that the key to success is learning from his failures. B 根据课文内容填空 Tangshan started to revive itself and ________74________. With strong support from the government and ________75________ the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 第五部分：写作(满分15分) 76. 请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health” 栏目投稿，向同学们分享你对健康生活方式的看法，内容包括： 1. 健康生活方式的重要性； 2. 如何养成健康的生活方式。 注意事项：词数100左右；标题已给出，不计入总词数。 Embracing a Healthy Lifestyle: The Path to Wellness ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$