2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习题型组合套练 第四练

第 四 练 一、阅读理解 A 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会———科学与技术 349 ★★★ Many people list hiccups(嗝)as one of the most annoying problems which are associated with human beings.For a group of people,continuous hiccups can seriously harm the quality of life.In the year 2017,the question“What causes hiccups?”was the most searched medical question.That's how much of an issue these hiccups are and it also reflects that this problem is so widespread in our daily life. Dr. Ali Seifi, a professor of the University of Texas,was tired of the traditional methods which are used to dispel hiccups,like drinking water or varying breathing techniques. He then came up with the idea that a straw(吸管)could help interrupt hiccups.The straw,which goes by the marketing name HiccAway, requires more power than regular straws in order to draw up liquid. Drinking with this straw can lower the diaphragm(隔膜)while first opening it and then closing it. Doing so stimulates the nerves at the same time, allowing the brain to reset and stop the hiccups. Dr. James Alvarez of the University of Texas gathered 249 volunteers to use the, straw and report back their results.About 92%of the participants said that HiccAway helped their hiccups go away.When it comes to effectiveness, this straw received a score of 4.58 out of 5. About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods. A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffered from hiccups, while about 11 reported daily hiccups issues, and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly. The frequent sufferers reported back success rates that were consistently as high as people who didn't suffer from them as often. The one issue is that hiccups are an issue where placebo effect (安慰作用)could likely come into play.A lot of people swear by solutions that do not end up working for others.It is not clear how this trial could be conducted in a more scientific way. 1.What does the underlined word“dispel”in paragraph 2 mean? A.Challenge. B.Remove. C.Terrify. D.Secure. 2.What was the participants' impression of Dr. Ali Seifi's method? A.It was beneficial for their brainpower. B.It was helpful for them to behave actively. C.It was more effective than traditional ones. D.It was good for them to improve their ability. 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the straw? A.Its wide popularity. B.Its experimental process. C.Its major function. D.Its experimental result. 4.What can we infer about the study from the text? A.A further research should be involved in the study. B.The new method should be approved by scientists. C,The study has caught people's attention on hiccups. D.Many people hope that hiccups should be soon cured. B 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 339 ★★★ Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common“m”and“a”to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as“f”and“v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of“f”and“v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,”said Steven Moran,a member of the research team. 5.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on? A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. C.Its quantity. D.Its development. 6.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B.They could not open and close their lips easily. C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 7.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Supporting evidence for the research results. B.Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 8.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A.It is key to effective communication. B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. C.It is a complex and dynamic system. D.It drives the evolution of human beings. 二、七选五 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 记叙文 人与自我——生活与学习 314 ★★★ The majority of people make an assumption that the human brain learns all by itself.But the truth is that to some extent,we can train ourselves to be better learners. 1 These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”. Here are a bunch of guidelines to become active learners. Follow the outer voice We all have two voices.Our inner voice expresses our personal opinions,while the outer voice handles others' opinions.Although our inner voice can be useful,it can also bock us from learning. If we pay too much attention to it, we risk missing important information while learning.Instead,active learners are open-minded and focus on what the speaker/writer is saying, not on what their brain is saying. 2 Debate with the inner voice If we find it a struggle to control our inner voice,we can disagree with it as most active learners do.When our inner voice tells us a speaker/writer is wrong,think about why the speaker/ writer may be right. 3 If not, at least we have“listened to” another viewpoint. Ask questions One of the easiest ways to promote active learning is to ask questions.When we obtain information from someone,from books or the Internet,ask a series of questions about the topic. 4 In short,we should never stop being curious. Seek the truth Active learners make an attempt to question the world around them and get to the truth deep within each idea.Even when an idea sounds insane,there may be an aspect of it rooted in truth.No matter how crazy it seems, we will increase our chance of learning something. 5 Many people let learning opportunities slip because they ignore what is said because of who the speaker/writer is. But active learners don't judge people on the basis of first impressions. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger. A.Concentrate your attention on the message itself. B.Form opinions based on first impressions of messengers. C.In this manner,they are in a better position to make decisions. D.I suggest doing a number of things to actively take part in our learning. E.Be flexible in our opinions and we might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all, F.For example,we can stay active in the learning process and reflect on what we have learnt. G.The answers will lead us to further learning and help us gain a deeper understanding of the topic. 阅读、七选五、完型、语法填空组合练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、完形填空 体裁 注题语境 词数 难 度 记叙文 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 344 ★★★ Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant(服务员)asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker, “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language (ASL)?” Clara 1 the call button.The flight attendant came by and explained the situation.“We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf,”she said. “The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn't 2 what he needed.” Clara had been studying ASL for the past year and was able to finger spell on the man's 3 . So she unfastened her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and 4 by the seat of the passenger,Tim Cook. Gently taking his hand, she 5 , “How are you? Are you OK?” Tim asked for some water. When it 6 , Clara returned to her seat.She came again a bit later because Tim wanted to know the 7 . Clara got him to know that it was nearly 10 a.m.O n her third 8 , she stopped and stayed for a while. “Wow, this is cool,”Clara said to the flight attendant. “In fact, he didn't need anything. He was just 9 and wanted to talk.” So for the next hour, they were both 10 , chatting with each other. She talked about her family and her 11 for the future (she wants to be a politician). Tim told Clara how he had 12 become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. “Clara was 13 ,”the flight attendant told New York Times during an online 14 “You could see Tim was very excited to have someone he could communicate with, and Clara was like a(n) 15， appearing in need,unexpectedly.” Cook's reaction:“Best trip I've ever had.” 1.A.put B.pressed C.made D.covered 2.A.believe B.notice C.accept D.understand 3.A.hand B.arm C.book D.desk 4.A.stood up B.bent over C.lay down D.turned over 5.A.shook B.wrote C.shouted D.whispered 6.A.arrived B.appeared C.dropped D.stopped 7.A.job B.flight C.seat D.time 8.A.trip B.chat C.letter D.visit 9.A.terrified B.thirsty C.lonely D.delighted 10.A.displeased B.regretful C.relaxed D.lucky 11.A,courses B.plans C.doubts D.problems 12.A.generally B.immediately C.increasingly D.gradually 13.A.nervous B.shy C.selfish D.caring 14.A.interview B.job C.lesson D.opportunity 15.A.attendant B.angel C.student D.dancer 四、语法填空 体数 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会-——历史、社会与文化 209 ★★★ Lu frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes.It 1 (origin) meant salted water used for meat that's boiled,and then served cold,and for vegetables. “Salt is the core 2 Lu, even more important than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 3 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 4 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming Dynasty, 5 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 6 (attract)customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 7 (sell) cold for take-away. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified,taking on the characteristics of each of China's 8 (region) cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn(干胡椒)is put into Lu to add flavor and 9 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic:Zao Lu is 10 light one made from the fermented rice remains from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$阅读、七选五、完型、语法填空组合练 第 四 练 一、阅读理解 A 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会———科学与技术 349 ★★★ Many people list hiccups(嗝)as one of the most annoying problems which are associated with human beings.For a group of people,continuous hiccups can seriously harm the quality of life.In the year 2017,the question“What causes hiccups?”was the most searched medical question.That's how much of an issue these hiccups are and it also reflects that this problem is so widespread in our daily life. Dr. Ali Seifi, a professor of the University of Texas,was tired of the traditional methods which are used to dispel hiccups,like drinking water or varying breathing techniques. He then came up with the idea that a straw(吸管)could help interrupt hiccups.The straw,which goes by the marketing name HiccAway, requires more power than regular straws in order to draw up liquid. Drinking with this straw can lower the diaphragm(隔膜)while first opening it and then closing it. Doing so stimulates the nerves at the same time, allowing the brain to reset and stop the hiccups. Dr. James Alvarez of the University of Texas gathered 249 volunteers to use the, straw and report back their results.About 92%of the participants said that HiccAway helped their hiccups go away.When it comes to effectiveness, this straw received a score of 4.58 out of 5. About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods. A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffered from hiccups, while about 11 reported daily hiccups issues, and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly. The frequent sufferers reported back success rates that were consistently as high as people who didn't suffer from them as often. The one issue is that hiccups are an issue where placebo effect (安慰作用)could likely come into play.A lot of people swear by solutions that do not end up working for others.It is not clear how this trial could be conducted in a more scientific way. 1.What does the underlined word“dispel”in paragraph 2 mean? A.Challenge. B.Remove. C.Terrify. D.Secure. 2.What was the participants' impression of Dr. Ali Seifi's method? A.It was beneficial for their brainpower. B.It was helpful for them to behave actively. C.It was more effective than traditional ones. D.It was good for them to improve their ability. 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the straw? A.Its wide popularity. B.Its experimental process. C.Its major function. D.Its experimental result. 4.What can we infer about the study from the text? A.A further research should be involved in the study. B.The new method should be approved by scientists. C,The study has caught people's attention on hiccups. D. Many people hope that hiccups should be soon cured. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家们正在测 试处理打嗝的新方法；通过吸管来处理打喝。 1.B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的“like drinking water or varying breathing techniques”可知，喝水和改变呼 吸技巧等方式可以消除打嗝。由此可知，该词意为“消除”, 跟B 项同义。故选B。 2.C 解 析 ：细节理解题。根据第三段的“About 90% of participants marked it as more effective than traditional home methods.”可知，绝大部分参与者都说这种消除打嗝 方法的效果优于传统方法。故选C。 3.D 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，该段主要 讲的是用吸管处理打嗝的测试结果，结果表明这种方法效果很好。故选D。 4.A 解 析 ：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，这种处 理打嘱的方法还有待更加科学的测试，以检验其效果是否 明显。故选A。 【知识补充】 1.stimulate v.促进，激励，激发 2.effectiveness n.有效性 3.be tired of厌烦，厌倦 4.come up with提出，想出 5.a majority of大多数的，大部分的 6.suffer from 遭受，患……病 7.come into play 开始起作用 【长难句分析】 A majority of the participants reported several occasions when they always suffered from hiccups, while about l1 reported daily hiccups issues,and 53 reported that they suffered from hiccups weekly.(倒数第二段倒数第二句) 句意：大多数参与者报告说他们在有些场合总是打嗝，而大 约11人报告说他们每天都有打嗝问题，53人报告说他们每周 都有打嗝问题。 分析：本句为复合句，when 为关系副词，在句中引导定语从 句，修饰several occasions。while为连词，表示“然而”; that 引导宾语从句，作reported的宾语。 B 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 339 ★★★ Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common“m”and“a”to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as“f”and“v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age,with the use of“f”and“v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,”said Steven Moran,a member of the research team. 5.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on? A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. C.Its quantity. D.Its development. 6.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B.They could not open and close their lips easily. C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 7.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Supporting evidence for the research results. B.Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 8.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A.It is key to effective communication. B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. C.It is a complex and dynamic system. D.It drives the evolution of human beings. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类语音的 发展与农业的发展以及其所带来的饮食结构的变化有着密不 可分的关系。 5.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as 'f' and ‘v’, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.”可知，Damián Blasi的研究重点是在语言的演变上。 故选D。 6.C 解 析 ；细节理解题。根据第三段“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure making it easier to produce such sounds.”可知，因为古人类 的下颚结构特别，使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。 7.A 解 析 ：段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，对语言数据 库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生 了全球性的变化。在过去儿千年里，“f”和“v”的使用次数 显著增加，这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然 没有发现。由此可知，第五段主要介绍了支持上文研究结 果的另一证据。故选A。 8.C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution”可知，自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语 音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化 和文化进化等复染事物之间相互作用的产物。由此可知， Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。 【知识补充】 1.ground-breaking adj.开创性的，创新的，革新的 2.diet-related adj.与饮食相关的 3.overturn v.推 翻 4. interplay n.相互作用，相互影响 【长难句补充】 They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned,making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.(第三段第一句) 句意：他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很 难发出唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿形成的。 分析：此处that 引导宾语从句；making it hard to produce labiodentals 为现在分词作结果状语；which are formed by ... 为非限制性定语从句。 二、七选五 体裁 主题语境 词数 难度 记叙文 人与自我——生活与学习 314 ★★★ The majority of people make an assumption that the human brain learns all by itself.But the truth is that to some extent,we can train ourselves to be better learners. 1 These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”. Here are a bunch of guidelines to become active learners. Follow the outer voice We all have two voices.Our inner voice expresses our personal opinions,while the outer voice handles others' opinions.Although our inner voice can be useful,it can also bock us from learning. If we pay too much attention to it, we risk missing important information while learning.Instead,active learners are open-minded and focus on what the speaker/writer is saying, not on what their brain is saying. 2 Debate with the inner voice If we find it a struggle to control our inner voice,we can disagree with it as most active learners do.When our inner voice tells us a speaker/writer is wrong,think about why the speaker/ writer may be right. 3 If not, at least we have“listened to” another viewpoint. Ask questions One of the easiest ways to promote active learning is to ask questions.When we obtain information from someone,from books or the Internet,ask a series of questions about the topic. 4 In short,we should never stop being curious. Seek the truth Active learners make an attempt to question the world around them and get to the truth deep within each idea.Even when an idea sounds insane,there may be an aspect of it rooted in truth.No matter how crazy it seems, we will increase our chance of learning something. 5 Many people let learning opportunities slip because they ignore what is said because of who the speaker/writer is. But active learners don't judge people on the basis of first impressions. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger. A.Concentrate your attention on the message itself. B.Form opinions based on first impressions of messengers. C.In this manner,they are in a better position to make decisions. D.I suggest doing a number of things to actively take part in our learning. E.Be flexible in our opinions and we might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all, F.For example,we can stay active in the learning process and reflect on what we have learnt. G.The answers will lead us to further learning and help us gain a deeper understanding of the topic. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些成为 主动学习者的指导方针。 1.F 解析：根据后文“These kinds of learning behaviors are called active learning'可知，此处是指要进行主动学习，因此选项F“例如，我们可以在学习过程中保持积极主动，并 反思我们所学到的东四。”切合文意。故选F。 2.C 解析：根据前交“Instead, active learners are open- minded and focus on what the speaker/writer is saying, not on what their brain is saying.”可知，此处是指专注于说话 者/作者在说什么可以更好地做决定，因此选项C “通过这 种方式，他们可以更好地做出决定。”切合文意。故选C。 3.E 解析：根据前文“When our inner voice tells us a speaker/writer is wrong, think about why the speaker/ writer may be right.”和 后 文“If not, at least we have listened to another viewpoint.”可知，此处是指要学会包 容和思考不同的观点，因此选项E“在我们的观点上灵活一 点，我们最终可能会同意说话者/作者的观点。”切合文意。 故选E。 4.G 解析；根据前文“One of the easiest ways to promote active learning is to ask questions.When we obtain information from someone, from books or the Internet, ask a series of questions about the topic.”可知，此处是指得到的答案会对我们有帮助，因此选项G“这些答案将引导我们进 一步学习，并帮助我们对主题有更深的理解。”切合文意。 故选G。 5.A 解 析 ：根据后文“But active learners don't judge people on the basis of first impressions. Instead, they separate the message from the messenger.”可知，此处是指要关注信息本身，因此选项A“把注意力集中在信息本身。”切合文意。故 选A。 三、完形填空 体裁 注题语境 词数 难 度 记叙文 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 344 ★★★ Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant(服务员)asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker, “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language (ASL)?” Clara 1 the call button.The flight attendant came by and explained the situation.“We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf,”she said. “The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn't 2 what he needed.” Clara had been studying ASL for the past year and was able to finger spell on the man's 3 . So she unfastened her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and 4 by the seat of the passenger,Tim Cook. Gently taking his hand, she 5 , “How are you? Are you OK?” Tim asked for some water. When it 6 , Clara returned to her seat.She came again a bit later because Tim wanted to know the 7 . Clara got him to know that it was nearly 10 a.m.O n her third 8 , she stopped and stayed for a while. “Wow, this is cool,”Clara said to the flight attendant. “In fact, he didn't need anything. He was just 9 and wanted to talk.” So for the next hour, they were both 10 , chatting with each other. She talked about her family and her 11 for the future (she wants to be a politician). Tim told Clara how he had 12 become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. “Clara was 13 ,”the flight attendant told New York Times during an online 14 “You could see Tim was very excited to have someone he could communicate with, and Clara was like a(n) 15 , appearing in need,unexpectedly.” Cook's reaction:“Best trip I've ever had.” 1.A.put B.pressed C.made D.covered 2.A.believe B.notice C.accept D.understand 3.A.hand B.arm C.book D.desk 4.A.stood up B.bent over C.lay down D.turned over 5.A.shook B.wrote C.shouted D.whispered 6.A.arrived B.appeared C.dropped D.stopped 7.A.job B.flight C.seat D.time 8.A.trip B.chat C.letter D.visit 9.A.terrified B.thirsty C.lonely D.delighted 10.A.displeased B.regretful C.relaxed D.lucky 11.A,courses B.plans C.doubts D.problems 12.A.generally B.immediately C.increasingly D.gradually 13.A.nervous B.shy C.selfish D.caring 14.A.interview B.job C.lesson D.opportunity 15.A.attendant B.angel C.student D.dancer 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乘客善解人 意、乐于助人的故事。 1.B 解析：press the call button按下呼叫按钮。根据常识可 知，按钮是用来按的。故选B。 2.D 解析：由本句中的“seemed to want something”和 “he was traveling alonc"可知，这个又聋又瞎的乘客独自旅行，乘务员不明白他需要什么,因此才询问飞机上是否有人会 手语。故选D。 3.A 解析：由本句可知，Clara学过于语，因此用手语拼写 定是在手上；另外，下文的“Gently taking his hand”也是本 空选择hand的依据。故选A. 4.B 解析：stand up站起来；bend over弯腰；lay down 躺下； turn over翻身。走到座位旁边，需要弯腰与乘客交流。故选 B。 5.B 解析：由本段首句中的“finger spell on the man's hand” 以及上下文语境可知，根据乘客的状况，她是用手语“写” 的。故选B。 6.A 解析：懂手语的Clara 了解 Tim 是想要些水，根据常识 可知，她会告诉空乘此要求，然后空乘会把水送到。故选A。 7.D 解析：由下一句中的“it was nearly 10 a,m.”可知Tim 想 知道时间。故选D。 8.D 解析：由前面提到的“returned to her seat”“came again” 以及本句中的“stopped and stayed for a while”可知，Clara是第三次来“拜访”这个乘客。故选D。 9.C 解析：由“he didn't need anything”以及“wanted to talk” 可知，Tim 只是感到孤独，想和人说话。故选C。 10.C 解析：displeased 不高兴的；regretful 遗憾的，后悔的； relaxcd放松的；lucky幸运的。根据下文，他们能坐下来 聊得很好，双方肯定都很放松。故选C。 11.B 解析：courses课程；plans 计划；doubts 疑问；problems 问题。后文“She wants to be a politician”正是她未来的计 划。故选B. 12.D 解析：generally 一般地；immediately 立即地；increasingly 增加地；gradually 逐渐地。他是随着时间的推移慢慢失 明的。故选D。 13.D 解析：nervous紧张的；shy 害羞的；selfish白私的； caring 关心的。Clara 来了三次，和乘客Tim 交流，可知她 很休贴，善解人意。故选D。 14.A 解析：interview采访；job工作；lesson 课程；opportunity 机会。媒体报道是通过采访。故选 A. 15,B 解析：句意：克拉拉就像天使一样，出人意料地出现在 需要的地方。attendant 服务员；ange! 天使；student学生； dancer舞蹈演员。四个选项中只有B 选项符合Clara善 解人意、乐于助入的特点。故选B。 【知识补充】 1.urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的 2.unfasten v.解开 3.reaction n.反应，回应 4.on board在飞机上 【长难句分析】 You could see Tim was very excited to have someone be could communicate with,and Clara was like an angel, appearing in need, unexpectedly.(倒数第二段最后一句) 句意：你可以看到蒂姆很高兴有一个可以交流的人，而克拉拉 就像一个天使，在需要的时候出乎意料地出现了。 分析：本句为复合句，其中 he could communicate with为定语 从句，修饰 someone; appearing in need为动词-ing 形式作伴随状语；unexpectedly为副词作伴随状语。 四、语法填空 体数 主题语境 词数 难度 说明文 人与社会-——历史、社会与文化 209 ★★★ Lu frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes.It 1 (origin) meant salted water used for meat that's boiled,and then served cold,and for vegetables. “Salt is the core 2 Lu, even more important than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 3 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 4 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming Dynasty, 5 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 6 (attract)customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 7 (sell) cold for take-away. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified,taking on the characteristics of each of China's 8 (region) cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn(干胡椒)is put into Lu to add flavor and 9 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic:Zao Lu is 10 light one made from the fermented rice remains from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了卤菜的起 源、发展以及它的特色。 1.originally 解析：分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词，需要 副词。origin为名词“起源”,其副词形式为originally。故填originally。 2.of 解析：短语 the core of意为“……的核心”。故填of。 3.but 解析：根据空前可知.香料可以增加一种宜人的气味 或去除一些气味，但是盐对味道至关重要，前后为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。 4.preserved 解析：分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词， 所以空处需要非谓语动词作定语.和修饰的名词之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填preserved。 5,when 解析：分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰 光行词the Ming Dynasty.先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词 when引导。故填when。 6,To attract 解析：分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作日的状语，所以要用动词不定式。故填 To attract。 7,were sold 解析：分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的谓 语动词，关系代词指代先行词meats and vegetables,在句中作主语，句子时态为一般过去时，主语和谓语动词之间为动 宾关系，主语为复数，所以要用一般过去时态的被动语态。 故填 were sold。 8.regional 解 析 ：空处儒要形容词修饰后面的名词作定语。 region为名词“地区”,其形容词为regional。故填 regional。 9.intensity 解析：根据and 前面的 flavor 可知，空处需要名词作add 的并列宾语。intense 为形容词，意为“强烈的”, 其名词形式为intensity。故填 intensity。 10.a 解析：根据语境可知，糟卤是用一种清淡的酒制成的， 所以用不定冠词表示泛指，空后的单词light以辅音音素 开头，要用不定冠词a。故填a。 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$