精品解析：河南省豫北名校2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中联考英语试题

绝密★启用前 2024～2025学年度第一学期期中检测试卷 高二英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will Mary probably’ do before skiing next time? A. Have a good rest. B. Wear better shoes. C. Take a training course. 2. How will the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By cheque. 3. Where is the gas station? A. On North Street. B. On Fifth Avenue. C. On Turner Lane. 4. How much should the woman pay? A. $38. B. $35. C. $34. 5. What does the woman think of the art exhibition? A. Most unwelcome. B. Quite fantastic. C. Extremely boring. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Reporter and interviewee. B. Teacher and student. C. Host and audience. 7. Why was the book delayed (推迟)? A. The writer doesn’t like the cover. B. The publisher was short of money. C. The special paper was not available. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will Peter do during the summer vacation? A. Wash dishes for others. B. Set up his own business. C. Work at his father’s company. 9. What does Peter advise the woman to do? A. Help children study. B. Deliver newspapers. C. Play with students. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why will the speakers eat out tonight? A. The electricity is cut off. B. They find cooking boring. C. They can’t cook without water. 11. What does the man intend to eat? A. Chinese food. B. Indian food. C. Italian food. 12. How will the speakers go to the restaurant? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Turn on the music. B. Turn up the radio. C. Turn down the music. 14. Which type of music does the man prefer? A. Rock music. B. Country music. C. Classical music. 15. What will the speakers do next? A. Go home. B. Watch TV. C. Have supper. 16. Where are the speakers probably? A. At the woman’s house. B. On the bus. C. At the cinema. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How old was Aelita when her first painting was displayed in London? A. 4 years old. B. 22 months old. C. 9 months old. 18. What was the lowest price of Aelita’s work? A. $4,000. B. $10,000. C. $14,000. 19. What was Aelita’s achievement in 2020? A. She sold her painting to Jackson Pollock. B. She had her exhibition in America. C. She won Global Child Prodigy Awards. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To encourage people to learn to paint. B. To introduce a really gifted artist. C. To describe his love of abstract paintings. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Lunar New Year is a major holiday in several Asian countries. And people celebrate over several days or even weeks. It is called the Spring Festival in China, Tet in Vietnam and Seollal in Korea. What are some traditions around the Lunar New Year? One well-known ancient story speaks of Nian, a terrible monster that eats human flesh on New Year's Day. But Nian fears the colour red, loud noises and fire. So, Lunar New Year activities include putting up red paper dragons on the doors of homes. People also burn red lanterns all night and set off firecrackers to chase away the monster. Red is considered a lucky colour to ring in a new year. People wear red clothing, decorate their homes with red paper lanterns and use red envelopes to present loved ones with gifts of money. Ancestor worship is also common during this time. Many Korean families take part in a ceremony called “charye”. Female family members prepare food and male members serve it to ancestors. The final act involves the entire family sharing a meal and asking for help from their ancestors. Vietnamese culture holds a similar tradition. How do diaspora (大移居) communities celebrate? Members of Asian American communities around the US also organize parades, parties and other events around the Lunar New Year. Lion and dragon dances are common, as are fireworks, traditional food and cultural performances. What are some special foods for the New Year? Each culture has its own special foods for New Year celebration. In Chinese culture, for example, “changshou mian” or “long-life noodles” are eaten with a wish for a long, healthy and happy life. Koreans celebrate with “tteokguk”, a soup that contains thinly sliced rice cakes. And Vietnamese culture has “banh chung”, a traditional dish made from rice, mung bean and pork belly. The dish is usually covered with banana leaves, shaped into a square and tied up with strings for steaming. 1. Which is NOT a way to drive away Nian? A. Setting off firecrackers. B. Burning red lanterns. C. Putting up red dragons. D. Making red envelopes. 2. In which country do people celebrate the Lunar New Year with “banh chung”? A. Korea. B. China. C. Vietnam. D. The US. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A folk story. B. A magazine. C. A promotional brochure. D. A food promotion advertisement. B. “A good book is easy to find. ” That is the message on a sign at Hernando Guanlao’s home in the Makati area of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Guanlao has turned his home into a free public library. Visitors can borrow the books inside for free. Guanlao hopes his library will inspire people to read, especially the young. The 72-year-old said that his library includes books that all students can enjoy — from young children in kindergarten to older students in grade 12. Guanlao’s library has books for readers of all interests. He spoke to reporters at his home, which is filled with thousands of available books. He calls his library Reading Club 2000. It contains many different kinds of books, or genres (体裁) . Genre is a group of artistic, musical, or literary works that share a particular style, form, or content. Some genres in literature are poetry, non-fiction (or real stories) , and fiction (or imaginary stories) . Then there are “sub-genres” such as cookbooks, science fiction, and mystery, to name just a few. He started his library more than 20 years ago when he set 50 books on the walkway in front of his home. Guanlao’s collection has grown greatly over the years — thanks to a continuous supply of books from donors. Speaking of donors, he said, “They just leave boxes of books outside my house.” He has also started donating books himself. He sends reading materials to public schools in far-away communities. Guanlao’s efforts come at a time when reading ability among students in the Philippines remains low The Programme for International Student Assessment reports that reading scores in the Philippines are among the lowest in the world. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development runs that programme. Students in the Philippines are also facing learning delays in math and science. Guanlao is firm about his goals: “My mission (使命) is to give away used and donated books to others at no cost,” he said, “and to promote education through literature.” 4. Who are the main targeted readers of Reading Club 2000? A. The youth. B. Literary lovers. C. Middle-aged and old readers. D. Community book donors. 5. Which statement about Guanlao’s library is UNTRUE according to the text? A. The book classification is very detailed. B The library continuously buys books for public schools. C. The collection of the library is constantly expanding. D. Rich books can satisfy various reading tastes. 6. What was the original intention behind the establishment of this private library? A To increase social influence. B. To enrich the cultural atmosphere. C. To respond to the government's call. D. To help with the backward education situation in Philippines. 7. What is Guanlao like? A. He is a self-disciplined teacher. B. He has a strong sense of social responsibility. C. He is an industrious volunteer in the library. D. He is traditional and conservative. C Researchers have used radar (雷达) and other technologies to study a large “star” sand dune (沙丘) in eastern Morocco located in Africa. The team said it was able to get detailed data on how these dunes form and develop. A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above. These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top. They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak. Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment. Star dunes are common in deserts and can be found in Africa, the Middle East, China and North America. But scientists say, although there are a lot of star dunes, the formations have not been studied very much so far. The research results recently appeared in the publication Scientific Reports. The scientists said the star dune rises 100 metres above surrounding dunes and is 700 metres wide. The structure contains an estimated five-and-a-half metric tons of sand. The researchers used radar that can “see” underground to look at different elements within the star dune. The science instruments that were used are designed to map all layers within the dunes. They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune. This method uses minerals in the sand to estimate when they last received sunlight in an attempt to guess the age of the dune. The researchers estimated the oldest parts of the base of the star dune are about 13, 000 years old. And the dune is moving across the desert at a rate of about 50 centimetres a year. The team noted the star dune experienced the most growth during the past 1, 000 years. Star dunes make up just 10 percent of all dunes in Earth's deserts. They have also been observed on Mars and on Saturn's moon Titan. Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert. Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria and Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia. In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them. 8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To provide readers with information about star dunes. B. To introduce the locations of sand dunes. C. To show the main structures of sand dunes. D. To tell readers people have little understanding of sand dunes. 9. Why do researchers use luminescence dating? A. To measure the scale of sand dunes. B. To develop minerals inside sand dunes. C. To determine when the sand dune began to form. D. To describe the underlying feature of sand dunes. 10. In which country can you see the biggest star dunes? A. Morocco. B. China. C. Saudi Arabia. D. The USA. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Process of Sand Dune Formation. B. Star Dunes: Wonders in the Desert. C. The Past and Future of Sand Dunes on Earth. D. Researchers Uncover “Secrets” of African Sand Dune. D A recent study identified a genetic cause of left-handedness in some people. Researchers found rare variants (变体) of a gene involved in controlling the shape of cells. They found the variants to be 2. 7 times more common in left-handed people. These genetic variants account for possibly 0. 1 percent of left-handedness. But the researchers said a gene, called TUBB4B, might play a part in the development of brain asymmetry (不对称性) . In most people, the two halves of the brain have slightly different structures and are dominant for different activities. Clyde Francks of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands suggested that for most people, the left side of the brain controls the dominant right hand. TUBB4B controls a protein that gets formed into filaments (丝状物) called microtubules. These microtubules give structure to the insides of cells. The changes in TUBB4B that are more common in left-handers suggest that microtubules are involved in setting up the brain’s normal asymmetries. The two brain halves start to develop differently in the human embryo (胚胎) . Scientists do not know the system that controls this. The study’s findings were based on genetic data from more than 350, 000 middle-aged to older adults in Britain. It was from the UK Biobank. About 11 percent of the people involved were left-handed. For most people, left - or right-handedness might come down to chance. Changes in the levels of some molecules (分子) during important times of brain development could influence it, Francks suggested. Historically, many cultures disapproved of left-handedness and forced people to become right-handed. In English, the word “right” also means “correct” or “proper”. And the expression a “left-handed compliment” means that a comment might seem nice but is an insult. The new findings might have use in the field of mental health. People with schizophrenia (精神分裂) are around twice as likely to be left-handed or ambidextrous (左右开弓的) . Francks observed that genes involved in developing the brain in early life might be involved in brain asymmetry and mental health. “Our study found suggestive evidence of this, and we have also seen it in previous studies where we looked at more common genetic variants in the population, ” Francks added. 12. What is the text mainly about? A. A recent breakthrough in brain research. B. The close relationship between genes and health. C. New discoveries about why some people are left-handed. D. A rare variant has been ultimately discovered by researchers. 13. What is the main function of microtubules? A. Controlling the left hand. B. Transporting a special protein. C. Continuously changing TUBB4B. D. Establishing normal asymmetry in the brain. 14. What does the underlined phrase “an insult” mean in Paragraph 6? A. Rudeness. B. Explanation. C. Encouragement. D. Awareness. 15. What can be inferred about the new findings from the last paragraph? A. They prove left-handed people have serious mental health problems. B. They will overturn some previous conclusions. C. They have identified new genes involved in early brain development. D. They may contribute to further exploration of mental health. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations. ___16___ . But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of walking. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s. ___17___ , and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and walking around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer. ___18___ . He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. ___19___ , but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as walking in conversation and preventing people behind you. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. ___20___ ? A. Is it safe to walk the streets alone at night B. By doing so, they help them strengthen their capacities C. This idea of taking a walk to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century D. That's because it's beneficial for both physical and mental health E. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity F. Whether you see yourself more as a casual or a purposeful walker, why not build a habit out of it G. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight. First he found ___21___ writing in the logbook. Later he noticed that he was ___22___ to make out the ships on the horizon. But Bagretsov was a ___23___ man. Besides, his wife helped him out with the more complicated tasks. And so, ___24___ asking to retire, determined to remain in post, he sent notification to the manager who, having been most impressed by the excellent operating conditions, assigned (指派) a (n) ___25___ to him. Life in the lighthouse ___26___ as normal until 1913 when a general’s ship turned up ___27___ on the lighthouse. A number of opportunists keen to take Bagretsov’s place had sent ___28___ claiming again and again that it was quite impossible to entrust the working of this facility to someone who couldn’t ___29___ . The unexpected visit was intended to ___30___ whether there was any truth to these claims. Following a very thorough inspection, the general wrote in his report: With the ___31___ of his wife and his assistant who is ___32___ with the meteorological (气象的) observations, he is ___33___ of managing all matters related to the lighthouse. It is proper that he should be rewarded for so many years of good ___34___ . The blind lighthouse-keeper carried out his ___35___ until the start of the Russian Revolution, then passing on the role to his son. 21. A. questions B. difficulties C. fun D. luck 22. A. longing B. expecting C. struggling D. dreaming 23. A. tough B. reliable C. brave D. disabled 24. A. regardless of B. in spite of C. due to D. far from 25. A. conductor B. student C. assistant D. politician 26. A. occurred B. discovered C. continued D. approached 27. A. unannounced B. unarmed C. undamaged D. uninvolved 28. A. signals B. letters C. orders D. messages 29. A. see B. communicate C. observe D. imagine 30. A. turn out B. let out C. find out D. pick out 31. A. analysis B. discussion C. plan D. help 32 A. charged B. equipped C. surrounded D. faced 33. A. aware B. proud C. capable D. fond 34. A. reputation B. performance C. treatment D. harvest 35. A. work B. patent C. power D. theme 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei province ___36___ cycling with his family. Along with more than 100 cycling enthusiasts, Robert John Murray and his family participated in the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday, experiencing the natural beauty, rich culture and prosperity of rural areas in Baoding ___37___ (locate) about 150 kilometres southwest of downtown Beijing. “I ___38___ (be) in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here, especially in the rural areas ___39___ people are kind and happily living a well-off life,” said the 56-year-old Robert. Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University as ___40___ English teacher. During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed participating in various activities to immerse (使沉浸) himself in Chinese culture, such as exploring ___41___ (tradition) Chinese medicine, celebrating a special Mid-Autumn Festival, ___42___ discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry. For this time, Robert and his family rode along the countryside roads, ___43___ (make) stops along the way from time to time and enjoying magnificent views over the open countryside. The activities include exploring the ___44___ (countryside) natural beauty, visiting historical sites, uncovering village ___45___ (story) and sampling local delicacies, showcasing the unique features and charm of the beautiful countryside and achievements of rural vitalization (振兴) . 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，发现最喜欢的网站www. smarttraveller. com有关中国景点的内容不太全面。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 该网站对你的帮助； 2. 你的建议以及理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a high school student from China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Biar Kon grew up in a shelter in Kenya, after his parents were forced to migrate from neighbouring Sudan. When he was 17, he moved to Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, to attend school. Once he arrived, he needed to get some documents from the Sudanese embassy (大使馆) . But when he went to look for the embassy, he couldn’t find it. He asked a few people for directions, and no one knew where it was. Then an older woman tapped him on the back. The lady said to him “Hey, my son. ” “That was the first word, ” Kon recalled. “She said, ‘Hey, my son, how are you doing? ‘” The woman told Kon that she had seen him asking questions of multiple people as they passed, and she wondered if he needed money for food, or a place to stay. Then Kon realized that the woman thought he was homeless. “Because in Kenya, it’s very common,” Kon said. “Kids at 17, kids at 15, kids at 12—kids of any age can be on the street looking for survival. ” They cleared up the confusion, and the woman was able to give Kon directions to the embassy. Then she told him about the deeper reason she had asked if he needed help: because of her experience as a mother. “I wouldn’t want my child to be on the street,” the woman told him. “And anytime I see a child on the street, I feel like I have an obligation (义务) to help.” The woman’s generosity left a deep impression on Kon. And it inspired him to pay it forward, five years later, when he moved to Boston, Massachusetts. When he arrived there, Kon expected that everyone he saw would be well-off and successful. So he was shocked at the number of homeless people he encountered on the street. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, outside a coffee shop, he observed an interaction between a young woman and a homeless man, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After learning the young man’s story, Kon knew it was time to pass on what that kind lady had done to him. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2024～2025学年度第一学期期中检测试卷 高二英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will Mary probably’ do before skiing next time? A. Have a good rest. B. Wear better shoes. C. Take a training course. 2. How will the woman pay? A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By cheque. 3. Where is the gas station? A. On North Street. B. On Fifth Avenue. C. On Turner Lane. 4. How much should the woman pay? A. $38. B. $35. C. $34. 5. What does the woman think of the art exhibition? A. Most unwelcome. B. Quite fantastic. C. Extremely boring. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Reporter and interviewee. B. Teacher and student. C. Host and audience. 7. Why was the book delayed (推迟)? A. The writer doesn’t like the cover. B. The publisher was short of money. C. The special paper was not available. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will Peter do during the summer vacation? A. Wash dishes for others. B. Set up his own business. C. Work at his father’s company. 9. What does Peter advise the woman to do? A. Help children study. B. Deliver newspapers. C. Play with students. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why will the speakers eat out tonight? A. The electricity is cut off. B. They find cooking boring. C. They can’t cook without water. 11. What does the man intend to eat? A Chinese food. B. Indian food. C. Italian food. 12. How will the speakers go to the restaurant? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Turn on the music. B. Turn up the radio. C. Turn down the music. 14. Which type of music does the man prefer? A. Rock music. B. Country music. C. Classical music. 15. What will the speakers do next? A. Go home. B. Watch TV. C. Have supper. 16. Where are the speakers probably? A. At the woman’s house. B. On the bus. C. At the cinema. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How old was Aelita when her first painting was displayed in London? A. 4 years old. B. 22 months old. C. 9 months old. 18. What was the lowest price of Aelita’s work? A. $4,000. B. $10,000. C. $14,000. 19. What was Aelita’s achievement in 2020? A. She sold her painting to Jackson Pollock. B. She had her exhibition in America. C. She won Global Child Prodigy Awards. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To encourage people to learn to paint. B. To introduce a really gifted artist. C. To describe his love of abstract paintings. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Lunar New Year is a major holiday in several Asian countries. And people celebrate over several days or even weeks. It is called the Spring Festival in China, Tet in Vietnam and Seollal in Korea. What are some traditions around the Lunar New Year? One well-known ancient story speaks of Nian, a terrible monster that eats human flesh on New Year's Day. But Nian fears the colour red, loud noises and fire. So, Lunar New Year activities include putting up red paper dragons on the doors of homes. People also burn red lanterns all night and set off firecrackers to chase away the monster. Red is considered a lucky colour to ring in a new year. People wear red clothing, decorate their homes with red paper lanterns and use red envelopes to present loved ones with gifts of money. Ancestor worship is also common during this time. Many Korean families take part in a ceremony called “charye”. Female family members prepare food and male members serve it to ancestors. The final act involves the entire family sharing a meal and asking for help from their ancestors. Vietnamese culture holds a similar tradition. How do diaspora (大移居) communities celebrate? Members of Asian American communities around the US also organize parades, parties and other events around the Lunar New Year. Lion and dragon dances are common, as are fireworks, traditional food and cultural performances. What are some special foods for the New Year? Each culture has its own special foods for New Year celebration. In Chinese culture, for example, “changshou mian” or “long-life noodles” are eaten with a wish for a long, healthy and happy life. Koreans celebrate with “tteokguk”, a soup that contains thinly sliced rice cakes. And Vietnamese culture has “banh chung”, a traditional dish made from rice, mung bean and pork belly. The dish is usually covered with banana leaves, shaped into a square and tied up with strings for steaming. 1. Which is NOT a way to drive away Nian? A. Setting off firecrackers. B. Burning red lanterns. C. Putting up red dragons. D. Making red envelopes. 2. In which country do people celebrate the Lunar New Year with “banh chung”? A. Korea. B. China. C. Vietnam. D. The US. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A folk story. B. A magazine. C. A promotional brochure. D. A food promotion advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了农历新年的相关知识。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Nian fears the colour red, loud noises and fire. So, Lunar New Year activities include putting up red paper dragons on the doors of homes. People also burn red lanterns all night and set off firecrackers to chase away the monster.(但是年害怕红色、噪音和火。所以，农历新年的活动包括在家里的门上贴红纸龙。人们还整夜烧红灯笼，放鞭炮来赶走怪兽)”可知，人们驱赶“年”这种怪兽的方法包括贴红纸龙、烧红灯笼和放鞭炮；根据第三段“Red is considered a lucky colour to ring in a new year. People wear red clothing, decorate their homes with red paper lanterns and use red envelopes to present loved ones with gifts of money.(红色被认为是新年的幸运色。人们穿红衣服，用红纸灯笼装饰他们的家，用红包给爱的人送钱)”可知，红包的目的是为了送压岁钱，而不是为了驱赶“年”这种怪兽，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And Vietnamese culture has ‘banh chung’, a traditional dish made from rice, mung bean and pork belly.(越南文化中还有‘banh chung’，这是一种由米饭、绿豆和五花肉制成的传统菜肴)”可知，越南庆祝农历新年的时候，会吃banh chung这种特别的食物，故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“The Lunar New Year is a major holiday in several Asian countries. And people celebrate over several days or even weeks. It is called the Spring Festival in China, Tet in Vietnam and Seollal in Korea.(农历新年是几个亚洲国家的重要节日。人们会庆祝几天甚至几周。它在中国被称为春节，在越南被称为Tet，在韩国被称为Seollal)”可知，文章主要介绍了农历新年的习俗、传统等，应是出自一本杂志，故选B。 B. “A good book is easy to find. ” That is the message on a sign at Hernando Guanlao’s home in the Makati area of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Guanlao has turned his home into a free public library. Visitors can borrow the books inside for free. Guanlao hopes his library will inspire people to read, especially the young. The 72-year-old said that his library includes books that all students can enjoy — from young children in kindergarten to older students in grade 12. Guanlao’s library has books for readers of all interests. He spoke to reporters at his home, which is filled with thousands of available books. He calls his library Reading Club 2000. It contains many different kinds of books, or genres (体裁) . Genre is a group of artistic, musical, or literary works that share a particular style, form, or content. Some genres in literature are poetry, non-fiction (or real stories) , and fiction (or imaginary stories) . Then there are “sub-genres” such as cookbooks, science fiction, and mystery, to name just a few. He started his library more than 20 years ago when he set 50 books on the walkway in front of his home. Guanlao’s collection has grown greatly over the years — thanks to a continuous supply of books from donors. Speaking of donors, he said, “They just leave boxes of books outside my house.” He has also started donating books himself. He sends reading materials to public schools in far-away communities. Guanlao’s efforts come at a time when reading ability among students in the Philippines remains low. The Programme for International Student Assessment reports that reading scores in the Philippines are among the lowest in the world. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development runs that programme. Students in the Philippines are also facing learning delays in math and science. Guanlao is firm about his goals: “My mission (使命) is to give away used and donated books to others at no cost,” he said, “and to promote education through literature.” 4. Who are the main targeted readers of Reading Club 2000? A. The youth. B. Literary lovers. C. Middle-aged and old readers. D. Community book donors. 5. Which statement about Guanlao’s library is UNTRUE according to the text? A. The book classification is very detailed. B. The library continuously buys books for public schools. C. The collection of the library is constantly expanding. D. Rich books can satisfy various reading tastes. 6. What was the original intention behind the establishment of this private library? A. To increase social influence. B. To enrich the cultural atmosphere. C. To respond to the government's call. D. To help with the backward education situation in Philippines. 7. What is Guanlao like? A. He is a self-disciplined teacher. B. He has a strong sense of social responsibility. C. He is an industrious volunteer in the library. D. He is traditional and conservative. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了菲律宾首都马尼拉的Hernando Guanlao在自己的家中设立了一个免费的公共图书馆，希望通过这个图书馆鼓励人们阅读，改善菲律宾落后教育状况的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Guanlao hopes his library will inspire people to read, especially the young. The 72-year-old said that his library includes books that all students can enjoy — from young children in kindergarten to older students in grade 12.(Guanlao说他希望他的图书馆能激发人们阅读的兴趣，特别是年轻人。这位72岁的老人说，他的图书馆收藏了所有学生都能阅读的书籍，从幼儿园的幼儿到12年级的大学生)”可知，Reading Club 2000的主要目标读者是年轻人。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“He has also started donating books himself. He sends reading materials to public schools in far-away communities.(他自己也开始捐书了。他向偏远社区的公立学校寄送阅读材料)”可知，Guanlao是将自己图书馆的书籍捐赠给偏远社区的公立学校，而非为公立学校购买书籍。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Guanlao’s efforts come at a time when reading ability among students in the Philippines remains low.(Guanlao的努力是在菲律宾学生的阅读能力仍然很低的时候做出的)”以及最后一段中的“Guanlao is firm about his goals: “My mission is to give away used and donated books to others at no cost,” he said, “and to promote education through literature.”(Guanlao对自己的目标很坚定，他说:“我的使命是免费向他人赠送二手和捐赠的书籍，并通过文学促进教育。”)”可知，这个私人图书馆成立的初衷是帮助改善菲律宾落后的教育状况。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段中的“Guanlao is firm about his goals: “My mission is to give away used and donated books to others at no cost,” he said, “and to promote education through literature.”(Guanlao对自己的目标很坚定,他说:“我的使命是免费向他人赠送二手和捐赠的书籍，并通过文学促进教育。”)”可知，Guanlao是一个有强烈的社会责任感的人。故选B。 C Researchers have used radar (雷达) and other technologies to study a large “star” sand dune (沙丘) in eastern Morocco located in Africa. The team said it was able to get detailed data on how these dunes form and develop. A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above. These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top. They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak. Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment. Star dunes are common in deserts and can be found in Africa, the Middle East, China and North America. But scientists say, although there are a lot of star dunes, the formations have not been studied very much so far. The research results recently appeared in the publication Scientific Reports. The scientists said the star dune rises 100 metres above surrounding dunes and is 700 metres wide. The structure contains an estimated five-and-a-half metric tons of sand. The researchers used radar that can “see” underground to look at different elements within the star dune The science instruments that were used are designed to map all layers within the dunes. They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune. This method uses minerals in the sand to estimate when they last received sunlight in an attempt to guess the age of the dune. The researchers estimated the oldest parts of the base of the star dune are about 13, 000 years old. And the dune is moving across the desert at a rate of about 50 centimetres a year. The team noted the star dune experienced the most growth during the past 1, 000 years. Star dunes make up just 10 percent of all dunes in Earth's deserts. They have also been observed on Mars and on Saturn's moon Titan. Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert. Star dunes also are found in places including the Namib Sand Sea in Namibia, large sand seas in Algeria and Rub’ al Khali in Saudi Arabia. In North America, Great Sand Dunes National Park in Colorado contains a series of them. 8. What is the purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To provide readers with information about star dunes. B. To introduce the locations of sand dunes. C. To show the main structures of sand dunes. D. To tell readers people have little understanding of sand dunes. 9. Why do researchers use luminescence dating? A. To measure the scale of sand dunes. B. To develop minerals inside sand dunes. C. To determine when the sand dune began to form. D. To describe the underlying feature of sand dunes. 10. In which country can you see the biggest star dunes? A. Morocco. B. China. C. Saudi Arabia. D. The USA. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A The Process of Sand Dune Formation. B. Star Dunes: Wonders in the Desert. C. The Past and Future of Sand Dunes on Earth. D. Researchers Uncover “Secrets” of African Sand Dune. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段内容“A star dune is named after its shape because it can look like a star when seen from above. These structures are very large and have a hill, or peak, at the top. They have large masses, called arms, spreading out from the peak. Star dunes are shaped by wind and other conditions in the environment.(星状沙丘因其形状而得名，因为从上面看它就像一颗星星。这些建筑非常大，顶部有一座小山或山峰。它们有很大的岩体，称为臂，从山顶向外伸展。星沙丘是由风和其他环境条件形成的。)”可知，此段的目的是为读者提供有关“星状”沙丘的信息。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“They also used a method called luminescence dating to study the age of the dune. This method uses minerals in the sand to estimate when they last received sunlight in an attempt to guess the age of the dune.(他们还使用了一种称为发光测年的方法来研究沙丘的年龄。这种方法利用沙子中的矿物质来估计它们最后一次接受阳光的时间，试图猜测沙丘的年龄。)”可知，研究人员使用发光测年法是为了确定沙层的年龄，即“沙丘是何时开始形成的”。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Earth's largest star dunes are found in western China's Badain Jaran desert.(地球上最大的星状沙丘位于中国西部的巴丹吉林沙漠。)”可知，最大的星状沙丘在中国。故选B。。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Researchers have used radar (雷达) and other technologies to study a large “star” sand dune (沙丘) in eastern Morocco located in Africa. The team said it was able to get detailed data on how these dunes form and develop.( 研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星形”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够获得这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。)”和全文内容可知，研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。因此推断D项“研究人员揭开了非洲沙丘的“秘密””为最佳标题。故选D。 D A recent study identified a genetic cause of left-handedness in some people. Researchers found rare variants (变体) of a gene involved in controlling the shape of cells. They found the variants to be 2. 7 times more common in left-handed people. These genetic variants account for possibly 0. 1 percent of left-handedness. But the researchers said a gene, called TUBB4B, might play a part in the development of brain asymmetry (不对称性) . In most people, the two halves of the brain have slightly different structures and are dominant for different activities. Clyde Francks of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands suggested that for most people, the left side of the brain controls the dominant right hand. TUBB4B controls a protein that gets formed into filaments (丝状物) called microtubules. These microtubules give structure to the insides of cells. The changes in TUBB4B that are more common in left-handers suggest that microtubules are involved in setting up the brain’s normal asymmetries. The two brain halves start to develop differently in the human embryo (胚胎) . Scientists do not know the system that controls this. The study’s findings were based on genetic data from more than 350, 000 middle-aged to older adults in Britain. It was from the UK Biobank. About 11 percent of the people involved were left-handed. For most people, left - or right-handedness might come down to chance. Changes in the levels of some molecules (分子) during important times of brain development could influence it, Francks suggested. Historically, many cultures disapproved of left-handedness and forced people to become right-handed. In English, the word “right” also means “correct” or “proper”. And the expression a “left-handed compliment” means that a comment might seem nice but is an insult. The new findings might have use in the field of mental health. People with schizophrenia (精神分裂) are around twice as likely to be left-handed or ambidextrous (左右开弓的) . Francks observed that genes involved in developing the brain in early life might be involved in brain asymmetry and mental health. “Our study found suggestive evidence of this, and we have also seen it in previous studies where we looked at more common genetic variants in the population, ” Francks added. 12. What is the text mainly about? A. A recent breakthrough in brain research. B. The close relationship between genes and health. C. New discoveries about why some people are left-handed. D. A rare variant has been ultimately discovered by researchers. 13. What is the main function of microtubules? A. Controlling the left hand. B. Transporting a special protein. C. Continuously changing TUBB4B. D. Establishing normal asymmetry in the brain. 14. What does the underlined phrase “an insult” mean in Paragraph 6? A. Rudeness. B. Explanation. C. Encouragement. D. Awareness. 15. What can be inferred about the new findings from the last paragraph? A. They prove left-handed people have serious mental health problems. B. They will overturn some previous conclusions. C. They have identified new genes involved in early brain development. D. They may contribute to further exploration of mental health. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项关于左撇子成因的新研究。研究发现一种基因的罕见变体可能与左撇子有关，该变体影响的微管可能在大脑不对称性发展中起作用。此外，还提到了左撇子在不同文化中的看法以及该研究在心理健康领域可能的应用。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段和第二段“A recent study identified a genetic cause of left-handedness in some people. Researchers found rare variants (变体) of a gene involved in controlling the shape of cells. They found the variants to be 2. 7 times more common in left-handed people. These genetic variants account for possibly 0. 1 percent of left-handedness. But the researchers said a gene, called TUBB4B, might play a part in the development of brain asymmetry (不对称性) . In most people, the two halves of the brain have slightly different structures and are dominant for different activities. (最近的一项研究确定了一些人左撇子的遗传原因。研究人员发现了一种参与控制细胞形状的基因的罕见变体。他们发现这些变体在左撇子人群中的出现频率是正常人的2.7倍。这些遗传变体可能占左撇子的0.1%。但是研究人员表示，一种名为TUBB4B的基因可能在大脑不对称性的发展中起作用。在大多数人中，大脑的两个半球结构略有不同，并且在不同的活动中占主导地位。)”可知，文本主要讲述了一项关于左撇子成因的研究。研究发现了一种基因的罕见变体与左撇子有关，这种变体可能在大脑不对称性的发展中起作用，所以文本主要是关于一些人是左撇子的新发现。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The changes in TUBB4B that are more common in left-handers suggest that microtubules are involved in setting up the brain's normal asymmetries. (TUBB4B 的变化在左撇子中更为常见，这表明微管参与建立大脑的正常不对称性。)”可知，微管的主要作用是建立大脑的正常不对称性，故选D项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段中“And the expression a ‘left-handed compliment’ means that a comment might seem nice but is an insult. (而“left-handed compliment”这个表达的意思是一种评论看似很好，但实际上是一……。)”可知，“left-handed compliment”看似好但实际上不是，也就是一种不好的、不恰当的表达。A“无礼的”与画线短语意义最为接近，故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The new findings might have use in the field of mental health. (新发现可能在心理健康领域有用。)”可知，这些新发现可能在心理健康领域有作用，即可能有助于进一步探索心理健康，故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations. ___16___ . But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of walking. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s. ___17___ , and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and walking around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer. ___18___ . He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. ___19___ , but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as walking in conversation and preventing people behind you. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. ___20___ ? A. Is it safe to walk the streets alone at night B. By doing so, they help them strengthen their capacities C. This idea of taking a walk to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century D. That's because it's beneficial for both physical and mental health E. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity F. Whether you see yourself more as a casual or a purposeful walker, why not build a habit out of it G. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了散步的起源以及它如何演变成为现代人的一项重要日常活动。 【16题详解】 根据上文“As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations.(我们都知道，“散步”是老少皆宜的消遣方式)”可知，选项承接上文说明其原因。故D选项“这是因为它对身心健康都有好处”切题。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s.(他说，在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣“才真正成为一件事”)”可知，选项说明18世纪80年代之前关于散步的情况。故E选项“在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人把它与犯罪活动联系在一起”切题。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer.(但是，如果你不喜欢快速走，也许你可以从另一个有远见的步行者那里得到灵感)”可知，选项承接上文说明这个有远见的步行者是谁以及他的举措。故G选项“19世纪美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较为缓慢的方法”切题。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same?(但是行人礼仪还保持不变吗)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明步行随着时间而延续到了现在。故C选项“通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪”切题。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中，这一简单的行为可能会对我们的健康产生重大影响)”可知，选项总结上文且发出号召，鼓励人们散步。故F选项个“无论你认为自己是一个随意的还是有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？”切题。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight. First he found ___21___ writing in the logbook. Later he noticed that he was ___22___ to make out the ships on the horizon. But Bagretsov was a ___23___ man. Besides, his wife helped him out with the more complicated tasks. And so, ___24___ asking to retire, determined to remain in post, he sent notification to the manager who, having been most impressed by the excellent operating conditions, assigned (指派) a (n) ___25___ to him. Life in the lighthouse ___26___ as normal until 1913 when a general’s ship turned up ___27___ on the lighthouse. A number of opportunists keen to take Bagretsov’s place had sent ___28___ claiming again and again that it was quite impossible to entrust the working of this facility to someone who couldn’t ___29___ . The unexpected visit was intended to ___30___ whether there was any truth to these claims. Following a very thorough inspection, the general wrote in his report: With the ___31___ of his wife and his assistant who is ___32___ with the meteorological (气象的) observations, he is ___33___ of managing all matters related to the lighthouse. It is proper that he should be rewarded for so many years of good ___34___ . The blind lighthouse-keeper carried out his ___35___ until the start of the Russian Revolution, then passing on the role to his son. 21. A. questions B. difficulties C. fun D. luck 22. A. longing B. expecting C. struggling D. dreaming 23. A. tough B. reliable C. brave D. disabled 24. A. regardless of B. in spite of C. due to D. far from 25. A. conductor B. student C. assistant D. politician 26. A. occurred B. discovered C. continued D. approached 27. A. unannounced B. unarmed C. undamaged D. uninvolved 28. A. signals B. letters C. orders D. messages 29. A. see B. communicate C. observe D. imagine 30. A. turn out B. let out C. find out D. pick out 31. A. analysis B. discussion C. plan D. help 32. A. charged B. equipped C. surrounded D. faced 33. A. aware B. proud C. capable D. fond 34. A. reputation B. performance C. treatment D. harvest 35. A. work B. patent C. power D. theme 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了灯塔管理员巴格列佐夫失明，但他依然克服困难，坚守岗位，得到嘉奖的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他发现自己在日志本上写作时遇到了困难。A. questions问题；B. difficulties困难；C. fun乐趣；D. luck运气。根据上文“At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight.”可知，巴格列佐夫失去视力，所以在他写作时会有困难。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来他注意到自己在辨认地平线上的船只时很费力。A. longing渴望；B. expecting期待；C. struggling努力；D. dreaming梦想。根据上文“At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight. First he found __1__ writing in the logbook.”可知，他失去视力，起初是写作困难，后来辨认船只变得很吃力。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是巴格列佐夫个坚强的人。A. tough坚强的；B. reliable可靠的；C. brave勇敢的；D. disabled残疾的。根据下文“Besides, his wife helped him out with the more complicated tasks.”可知，他的妻子仍在帮助他完成复杂任务，所以巴格列佐夫在失明的情况下仍然在坚持工作，说明他是坚强的。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，他不仅没有请求退休，反而决心继续留任，并向经理发送了通知。经理对灯塔优秀的运行状况印象深刻，于是指派了一位助手给他。A. regardless of不顾；B. in spite of尽管；C. due to由于；D. far from远离，远非，完全不。根据下文“asking to retire, determined to remain in post, he sent notification to the manager.”可知，他决心继续留任，并向经理发送了通知。所以他并没有要求退休，而是继续工作。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. conductor指挥；B. student学生；C. assistant助手；D. politician政治家。根据上文“At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight.”以及下文“With the __11__ of his wife and his assistant who is __12__ with the meteorological observations, he is __13__ of managing all matters related to the lighthouse.”可知，他失明了但在他的妻子和负责气象观测的助手的帮助下，他能够管理所有与灯塔相关的事务，所以空处指派的是助手。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：灯塔里的生活一如既往地继续着，直到1913年一艘将军的船突然未经宣布地出现在灯塔。A. occurred发生；B. discovered发现；C. continued继续；D. approached接近。根据下文“as normal until 1913 when a general’s ship turned up __7__ on the lighthouse.”可知，生活像往常一样，所以是生活继续正常进行。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unannounced未经宣布的；B. unarmed无武装的；C. undamaged未受损的；D. uninvolved未参与的。根据下文“The unexpected visit was intended to __10__ whether there was any truth to these claims.”可知，这是一次意外的访问，所以船的到来是未经宣布的。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些渴望取代巴格列佐夫位置的机会主义者多次发送信件，一再声称将这个设施的运作委托给一个看不见的人是不可能的。A. signals信号；B. letters信件；C. orders命令；D. messages信息。根据上文“A number of opportunists keen to take Bagretsov’s place had sent”可知，一些渴望取代巴格列佐夫位置的机会主义者寄信是合理的。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. see看见；B. communicate交流；C. observe观察；D. imagine想象。根据上文“At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight.”可知，巴格列佐夫失去了视力，他看不见。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这次意外访问的目的是查明这些说法是否有任何真实性。A. turn out结果是；B. let out放出；C. find out查明；D. pick out挑选。根据下文“whether there was any truth to these claims.”可知，这次意外访问的目的是为了查明真相。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他的妻子和负责气象观测的助手的帮助下，他能够管理所有与灯塔相关的事务，鉴于他多年的良好服务，应当给予他奖励。A. analysis分析；B. discussion讨论；C. plan计划；D. help帮助。with the help of意为“在……帮助下”，根据上文“At the dawn of the 20th century, Bagretsov, the Svyatonossky lighthouse-keeper, lost his sight.”以及“Besides, his wife helped him out with the more complicated tasks.And so, __4__ asking to retire, determined to remain in post, he sent notification to the manager who, having been most impressed by the excellent operating conditions, assigned a (n) __5 __ to him.”可知，他能够管理所有与灯塔相关的事务，是在他的妻子和助手的帮助下。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. charged负责；B. equipped装备；C. surrounded包围；D. faced 面对。be charged with意为“对……负责”，根据空后“with the meteorological observations”可知，气象观测这项任务是由助手负责的。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. aware意识到的；B. proud自豪的；C. capable有能力的；D. fond喜欢的。be capable of意为“能够承担……”，根据下文“managing all matters related to the lighthouse. It is proper that he should be rewarded for so many years of good __14__ .”可知，他多年来表现出色，所以他能够胜任工作。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：鉴于他多年来的出色表现，应当给予他奖励。A. reputation名声；B. performance表现；C. treatment治疗；D. harvest收获。根据上文“With the __11__ of his wife and his assistant who is __12__ with the meteorological observations, he is __13__ of managing all matters related to the lighthouse.”可知，他的妻子和负责气象观测的助手的帮助下，他能够管理所有与灯塔相关的事务，所以他的工作表现良好。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位失明的灯塔看守人一直履行他的工作直到俄国革命开始，之后他把这个职位传给了他的儿子。A. work工作；B. patent专利；C. power权力；D. theme主题。根据下文“until the start of the Russian Revolution, then passing on the role to his son.”可知，他一直在工作并把工作传给他儿子。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei province ___36___ cycling with his family. Along with more than 100 cycling enthusiasts, Robert John Murray and his family participated in the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday, experiencing the natural beauty, rich culture and prosperity of rural areas in Baoding ___37___ (locate) about 150 kilometres southwest of downtown Beijing. “I ___38___ (be) in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here, especially in the rural areas ___39___ people are kind and happily living a well-off life,” said the 56-year-old Robert. Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University as ___40___ English teacher. During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed participating in various activities to immerse (使沉浸) himself in Chinese culture, such as exploring ___41___ (tradition) Chinese medicine, celebrating a special Mid-Autumn Festival, ___42___ discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry. For this time, Robert and his family rode along the countryside roads, ___43___ (make) stops along the way from time to time and enjoying magnificent views over the open countryside. The activities include exploring the ___44___ (countryside) natural beauty, visiting historical sites, uncovering village ___45___ (story) and sampling local delicacies, showcasing the unique features and charm of the beautiful countryside and achievements of rural vitalization (振兴) . 【答案】36. by 37. located 38. have been 39. where 40. an 41. traditional 42. and 43. making 44. countryside’s 45. stories 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了一位来自新西兰的英语老师最近和家人一起骑自行车游览了中国北部河北省保定市美丽乡村的故事。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：最近，一位来自新西兰英语老师和家人骑自行车游览了中国北部河北省保定的美丽乡村。此处使用介词by，表示“通过……方式”，故填by。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：周六，Robert John Murray和他的家人与100多名自行车爱好者一起参加了“保定骑行”活动，体验了保定的自然美景、丰富的文化和繁荣的农村地区，保定位于北京市中心西南约150公里处。locate和Baoding之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。 【38题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：“我在保定已经快10年了，见证了这里的快速发展，特别是在农村地区，人们善良，幸福地过着富裕的生活，”56岁的Robert说。根据“for almost 10 years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词使用have，故填have been。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词是rural areas，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导，故填where。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：Robert于2015年来到保定，曾在河北金融大学担任英语教师。teacher是可数名词，此处泛指“一位老师”，使用不定冠词修饰，且English是以元音音素开头，故填an。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在保定期间，他喜欢参加各种活动，让自己沉浸在中国文化中，比如探索中医，庆祝一个特殊的中秋节，发现中国纺织工业的创新进展。空处修饰名词短语Chinese medicine，使用形容词作定语，traditional Chinese medicine“中医”，故填traditional。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：同上。exploring、celebrating和discovering是三个并列的动词，使用连词and连接，故填and。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一次，Robert和他的家人沿着乡村的道路骑行，不时在路上停下来，欣赏开阔的乡村美景。make和逻辑主语Robert之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作伴随状语，故填making。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：这些活动包括探索乡村的自然美景、参观历史遗迹、讲述乡村故事和品尝地方美食，展示美丽乡村的特色和魅力，以及乡村振兴的成果。此处指“乡村的自然美景”，使用名词所有格形式countryside’s，修饰beauty，故填countryside’s。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数句意：同上。village story应不止一个，故此处使用名词复数形式，故填stories。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，发现最喜欢的网站www. smarttraveller. com有关中国景点的内容不太全面。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 该网站对你的帮助； 2. 你的建议以及理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a high school student from China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am Li Hua, a high school student from China. I love geography and travel. Your website, www. smarttraveller. com, is one of my favourite websites. Your website has a wider range of information and rich knowledge background, which has brought me great convenience in learning and travelling. However, I have recently found that the introductions to tourist attractions in China are not very rich. After all, China is a great country with a long history and many attractions worth visiting, especially the Great Wall. If more thorough introductions to China’s tourist attractions are included, you website will be able to attract the attention of more people globally. I would appreciate it if you would like to consider my proposal thoughtfully. Looking forward to your reply as soon as possible. Yours truly, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语给网站www. smarttraveller. com写一封电子邮件提出一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 范围：range→scope 信息：information→message 背景：background→backdrop 最近：recently→lately 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：After all, China is a great country with a long history and many attractions worth visiting, especially the Great Wall. 拓展句：After all, China is a great country with a long history and many attractions which are worth visiting, especially the Great Wall. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Your website has a wider range of information and rich knowledge background, which has brought me great convenience in learning and travelling.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)  【高分句型2】However, I have recently found that the introductions to tourist attractions in China are not very rich.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Biar Kon grew up in a shelter in Kenya, after his parents were forced to migrate from neighbouring Sudan. When he was 17, he moved to Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, to attend school. Once he arrived, he needed to get some documents from the Sudanese embassy (大使馆) . But when he went to look for the embassy, he couldn’t find it. He asked a few people for directions, and no one knew where it was. Then an older woman tapped him on the back. The lady said to him, “Hey, my son. ” “That was the first word, ” Kon recalled. “She said, ‘Hey, my son, how are you doing? ‘” The woman told Kon that she had seen him asking questions of multiple people as they passed, and she wondered if he needed money for food, or a place to stay. Then Kon realized that the woman thought he was homeless. “Because in Kenya, it’s very common,” Kon said. “Kids at 17, kids at 15, kids at 12—kids of any age can be on the street looking for survival. ” They cleared up the confusion, and the woman was able to give Kon directions to the embassy. Then she told him about the deeper reason she had asked if he needed help: because of her experience as a mother. “I wouldn’t want my child to be on the street,” the woman told him. “And anytime I see a child on the street, I feel like I have an obligation (义务) to help.” The woman’s generosity left a deep impression on Kon. And it inspired him to pay it forward, five years later, when he moved to Boston, Massachusetts. When he arrived there, Kon expected that everyone he saw would be well-off and successful. So he was shocked at the number of homeless people he encountered on the street. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, outside a coffee shop, he observed an interaction between a young woman and a homeless man, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After learning the young man’s story, Kon knew it was time to pass on what that kind lady had done to him. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: One day, outside a coffee shop, he observed an interaction between a young woman and a homeless man. The homeless man asked the young lady if she could spare change. And she said, “Why don’t you go to look for a job?” Kon reflected back to that moment five years earlier, when the woman in Nairobi had mistaken him for a homeless person. Kon was still touched by her kindness. So he went up to the man, to see what he could do. He told Kon why he was on the street—because he made a mistake when he was in high school, and he couldn’t get a job now. After learning the young man’s story, Kon knew it was time to pass on what that kind lady had done to him. Kon bought the man some breakfast, and gave him a little bit of money. The young man was moved to tears and thanked him again and again. Today, it’s an encounter he reflects on often. For him, it was a reminder that you never know what people are going through unless you make a point to talk to them—the way the woman in Nairobi made an effort to talk to him. Kon hopes in the future he could start a non-profit to provide housing and social support for people living on the street—an idea partly inspired by his unsung hero. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了在肯尼亚长大的Biar Kon在寻找苏丹大使馆时被一位女士误以为是无家可归的孩子，女士的善举和解释给Kon留下深刻印象。五年后，当Kon搬到美国马萨诸塞州的波士顿时，看到街头众多无家可归的人，回想起女士的行为，这激发了他将这份善意传递下去。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，在一家咖啡店外，他观察到一名年轻女子和一名无家可归男子之间的互动。”可知，第一段可描写流浪汉要求女士给他留下零钱，但是你女士建议他去找工作，Kon回想起了自己以前的经历，于是走到流浪汉面前询问他的情况，流浪汉告诉他因为高中时犯了一个错。 ②由第二段首句内容“在了解了这位年轻人的故事后，Kon知道是时候将这位善良的女士对他所做的一切传授给他了。”可知，第二段可描写Kon给流浪汉买了早餐，给了一些钱，流浪汉很感动。Kon希望创办一个非盈利组织，为流浪汉提供住房和社会支持。 2.续写线索：察觉——零钱——建议——回想——询问——了解——早餐——感动——希望——组织 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：ask/question ②购买：buy/purchase ③给予：give/offer 情绪类 ①感动：touched/moved/stirred ②感谢：thank/appreciate 【点睛】[高分句型1] So he went up to the man, to see what he could do.(运用了what引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] He told Kon why he was on the street—because he made a mistake when he was in high school, and he couldn’t get a job now. (运用了why引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$