专题05 不定式、动名词、分词高频考点 -备战2025年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）

专题05 不定式、动名词、分词 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语。非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词一直是英语学习的难点，也是中考的常考点，主要为动词不定式和动名词，在单项填空、词形填空题型中均有涉及。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧，以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不定式 非谓语动词基本用法，及非谓语一般形式；主要考点为动词不定式和动名词，分词少有涉及。 需使用不定式做宾语的动词；省去to 的不定式作宾补的动词；不定式做表语。 动名词 一些常接动名词做宾语的动词及句型 分词 现在分词与过去分词做表语区别 动词不定式 1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. 1. My wish is to become a teacher. 2. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather. 作定语 (后置) I have nothing ___________ (send) you. We must never miss the chance _______( show) love for our parents. 1. I have nothing to say about that thing. 2. Sorry, I can’t go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3. China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space. 作宾语及宾补 1. want/promise/manage/plan/expect decide/choose/refuse/pretend to do sth. 2. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. (注：被动带to) 3. ask/ tell/ order /enable/allow/encourage sb. to do sth. 4. warn sb. not to do sth. 5. would like to do 5. had better (not)do 1. Alice wanted to get another cup of coffee. 2. He told me to be here on time. 3. Our parents often tell us not to swim alone in the river in summer. 4. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn_. He always works hard. 5. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.  作状语  不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状语 如：in order to; so as to He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （目的状语） He searched the room only to find nothing. （结果状语） I'm glad to see you. （原因状语） 动词不定式与疑问词连用 (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.   (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) (4). The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide which to eat. 不定式的特殊句型： 1.句型：too…to…：太…而不能… 2.句型：be + adj + enough + to do sth.足以做 … 3.句型：It's + adj. + for sb to do sth 4.句型：Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?" 　　 5. 句型：so as (not) to do: 表示目的 6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb not to do/never to/in order not to/so as not to等 7..比较：used to do/be used to doing 8..比较：It takes…to do/sb spends…doing He is too excited to speak. The child is old enough to go to schooll. Why not take a holiday? Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 1. The box is too heavy for me ____ it.  A. carrying   B. carries   C. carry   D. to carry 2.We are often told _____at people in trouble.  A. not to smile  B. to smile     C. not to laugh   D. to laugh 3.Yesterday morning I got up early________ be late for the exam. A. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to 动名词 动名词做宾语 1.信号词：enjoy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; consider; admit; forgive, avoid; escape; 2. 词组：give up/ be good at/do well in/ can't help/ keep on/feel like/ be used to/refer to/pay attention to/ devote oneself to/get used to/look forward to/ succeed in/ be worth 3.how about/what about +doing 4.prefer doing….to doing /prefer to do....rather than do 5.介词后面+doing 6.固定搭配：go shopping/go dancing/go swimming 1. Mary and I enjoy playing badminton. 2.It's a bit cold. Would you mind my closing all the windows? 3.The new term is coming. They are busy cleaning the classrooms 4.—Mum, I’m hungry.  —What about _____(go) to McDonald’s eating fried chicken? 5. Knives are used for _________(cut) things.  动名词做主语及表语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳 现在分词 感官动词+sb.+doing see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe I heard someone knocking at the door. I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday. There we found him watching TV. ►考向一 动词不定式 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 动词不定式的特殊句型: ①too…to… “太……而不能……”。 如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。 ②…enough to…“……足够……”。 如：He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大能去上学了。 ③Why don’t you +省略to的不定式？=Why not +省略to的不定式？为什么不……呢？ 如：Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？ ④had better+（not）+省略to的不定式。最好（不要）做…… 如：You'd better not stay here today. 你今天最好别待在这儿。 ⑤Will you please+省略to的不定式?你愿意……吗？ 如：Will you please close the door? 能请你把门关上吗？ ⑥prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事” 如：I prefer to do more work rather than do nothing at home.我宁愿做更多的工作也不愿在家无所事事。 ⑦It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do.“做某事是……的” 如：It is necessary for us to brush our teeth twice a day.一天刷两次牙对我们是有必要的。 It+be+形容词+不定式 It’s hard to say which one is better.很难说哪一个更好。 It+be+名词+不定式 It was great fun to have a picnic there. 在那里野餐很有意思。 It+动词+名词/副词+不定式 It took me 2 hours to finish my homework. 完成作业花了我两个小时的时间。 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海·统考中考真题）Hanfu Day in our school aims________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A) offer B) offering C) to offer D) offered 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country. A．sell B．selling C．to sell D．sold 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday. A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Doctors tell us________our hands before and after every meal． A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided______his own restaurant. A．open B．opened C．to open D．opening 7．（2017上·八年级课时练习）I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ________ it a secret. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）Vivian refuses ___________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes. A．to send B．sending C．sent D．sends 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）Harry has decided    __________ an online shop after graduating from school. A．open B．to open C．opened D．opening 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Don’t jump to a conclusion! Let’s __ the problem first. A．to discuss B．discuss C．discussed D．discussing 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） My friend invited me ______ the art club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining 12．（2013·上海·中考真题）Even Tony’s granddaughter，a five-year-old girl，asked him__________ smoking． A．give up B．gave up C．to give up D．giving up 13．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The journalist hoped to the brave act of the fireman. （reporter） 14．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Some rainforests are likely to if we don’t take action to protect them. (appear) ►考向二 动名词 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 常跟动名词作宾语的动词有： enjoy喜欢；  mind 介意； finish  完成；keep持续；  suggest 建议； practice 练习；consider考虑；                miss错过；imagine想象；avoid避免； can’t help忍不住；go on 继续；be worth值得； be busy忙于                give up放弃；succeed in成功，设法；look forward to期待；be used to习惯于；end up以……结束 put off推迟；pay attention to注意；be interested in对……感兴趣 注意：含有介词to的固定短语： make (a) contribution (s) to 为……做贡献 devote oneself to 献身，致力于…… look forward to 期待，盼望 preferto 比起……更喜欢…… be used to 习惯……，适应…… pay attention to注意 某些动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做） I forget to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forget bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 2.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 3.try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 Please try to do better next time.下次请设法做得更好些。 He tried speaking in English.他试着用英语讲。 4.hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事 I often see him play football 我经常看见他踢球 I saw him playing football went I passed 当我经过的时候，我看见他正在踢球 5.Stop to do sth 停下去做某事 Stop doing sth 停止做某事 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一下这件事。 Stop talking, please.请不要说话。 6.Mean to do sth 打算做某事 Mean doing sth 意味着 I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 【真题链接】 1.（2023·上海·统考中考真题） The family are busy __________their living room for the coming Spring Festival. A) decorating B) to decorate C) decorate D) decorated 2．（2017上海·统考中考真题）After she finished ________ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper. A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading 3．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day. A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 4．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Michael and his friends practise ________ table tennis after school every day. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The engineers will keep________the project with the manager of the company． A．discuss B．discussed C．discussing D．to discuss 6．（2019·上海·中考真题）Would you mind care of my pet fish while I'm away on holiday? A．take B．taken C．to take D．taking 7．（2012·上海·中考真题）Stop ______ about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it. A．complaining B．to complain C．complain D．complained 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Sue practices______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. A．play B．played C．to play D．playing 9．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017﹒上海）The workers are busy windows to the new building these days. A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix 10．（2015·上海·中考真题）Martin was so busy ______ the old that he gave up his part-time job. A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help 11．（2013·上海·中考真题）The retired couple enjoy_____photos.They always go out with their cameras A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 12．（2014·上海·中考真题）I wouldn’t mind______a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. A．having B．to have C．have D．had ►考向三 分词 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在分词与过去分词的区别 1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。 the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised man一个感到惊讶的人 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 易混句式have sb.do sth.,have sb.doing sth.和have sth. done的区别 1.have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 2.have sb. doing sth.表示“使某人作出某种反应”或“劝说/命令某人做某事”;用于否定句时表示“允许/容忍某人做某事”。 Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就令全体观众欢笑、鼓掌。 3.have sth.done意为“让某事被别人做”,即ask sb.else to do sth.,过去分词(done)所表示的动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机一周让人洗一次车。 【真题链接】 1．（2011·上海·中考真题） As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others_________for a long time. A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting 2．（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 3．（2023·上海奉贤·统考一模）When I was walking on the street, I saw a drone(无人机) ________ over my head. A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly 4．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）When I walked past the music room, I heard someone ________ the piano in it. A．to play B．played C．playing D．play 5．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）I saw Tom ________ football with his classmates at three this afternoon. A．plays B．played C．playing D．to play 6．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测） — We didn’t find Tom ________ the lecture. — No one had told him about ________ a lecture the following day. A．to attend; there to be B．attending; there being C．attended; there be D．attend; there was 7．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测）When the clerk saw a kind of face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood ________ to the ground, ________whether to stay or leave. A．rooted; wondering B．to be rooted; wonder C．rooting; to wonder D．to root; wondered 8．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测）The traffic rule says that young children under the age of four and ________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A．being weighed B．to weigh C．weighed D．weighing 9．（2020上·上海浦东新·九年级校考阶段练习）On my way home, I always notice some children ________ around in the garden. A．ran B．to run C．running D．runs 10．（2019上·上海·九年级上海市民办新竹园中学校考阶段练习）At that time some boys ________ basketball on the playground. A．were seen playing B．were seen to play C．saw to play D．saw and played 11．（2019·上海虹口·九年级校考期中）The book he _______ on the table is still _______ there. A．lay, lying B．laid, laying C．lied, lying D．laid, lying 12．（2022上·上海宝山·九年级统考开学考试）There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 命题点一：非谓语动词基本用法 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）We have to practise _______ English more often. It’s useful when we’re at work. A．to speak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke 2．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）The piece of grass tied around the bird’s neck stops it from ________ the fish. A．swallow B．to swallow C．swallowing D．swallowed 3．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）The students are busy ________ for the coming exams. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared 4．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）Amy prefers ________ at home to ________ out at the weekend. A．stay; going B．staying; going C．staying; go D．stay; go 5．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）This will enable the audience ________ comfortably while watching the shows. A．sit B．to sit C．sitting D．sat 6．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Pictures and sounds in the film enable us ________ the novel better. A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．to understand 7．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Once he made a decision, nothing would make him ________ his mind. A．to change B．change C．changing D．changed 8．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）He showed great interest and spent much time ________ traditional Chinese culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 9．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）My brother is considering________ abroad to further his study. A．study B．to study C．studying D．will study 10．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）They have no choice but ________ up the plan because they are short of money. A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 11．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Can you lend me a hand ? The box is ________ heavy for me ________ carry upstairs A．so, that B．such, that C．too, to D．enough, to 12．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）AI technology enables robots ________ on their own. A．to think B．thinking C．thought D．think 13．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Millie often imagines ________ on Mars some day. A．live B．to live C．lives D．living 14．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）I was thinking about ________ to spend my holidays. A．who B．what C．where D．which 15．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The light hung from the front of the raft enables Damin ________ better at night. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．sees 16．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Children often imagine ________ the unexpected things when opening the mystery boxes. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 17．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help ________ any of your work. A．doing B．to do C．being doing D．to be done 18．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could ________ a good college. A．enter B．to enter C．entering D．entered 19．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）Because there is a lot of housework __________, the mother has no time to take exercise outside. A．to do B．doing C．done D．being done 20．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 21．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Many young Chinese parents have no choice but ________ their children to their grandparents. A．to leave B．left C．leaving D．leave 22．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）The computer is broken again. I get it __________ yesterday. A．repairs B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 23．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期中）The poor baby has kept ________ for a long time because he can’t find his mother. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 24．（23-24九年级上·上海崇明·期中）The government advise all the citizens ________ home until the typhoon was over. A．stay B．staying C．to stay D．to staying 25．（23-24九年级上·上海金山·期中）Michael managed ________ the problem with the help of his friends at last. A．solve B．solved C．solving D．to solve 26．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Students in the university are not allowed ________ the mobile phone in class. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 27．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There are so many types of smart phones in this shop. I really don’t know ________. A．to buy which B．to buy what C．which to buy D．what to buy 28．（2024·广东汕头·一模）—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 29．（21-22九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Our teacher often suggests us ________ on both sides of the paper. A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write 30．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）I’m so hungry. I need something _______. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．eaten 31．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Anna is considering ________ to New Zealand for further study next summer holidays. A．go B．went C．to go D．going 32．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Michael expected ________ the basketball match so he trained hard day and night. A．to win B．winning C．win D．won 33．（2024·上海崇明·二模）You should practise _________ from now on if you want to win the race. A．run B．running C．runs D．to run 34．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The headmaster requires the students _________ school uniforms on weekdays. A．wear B．wearing C．wears D．to wear 35．（2024·湖北武汉·一模）We should often review our notes after class to avoid ________ the same mistakes. A．make B．to make C．made D．making 36．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）Bonnie is new here, so she decided ________ an after-school club to make some friends. A．joining B．join C．to join D．joined 37．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The professor suggested that the students consider ________ more research on the topic. A．do B．doing C．to do D．done 38．（2024·上海金山·二模）Last December, China allowed Malaysian tourists the country for 15 days without a visa. (签证) A．enter B．to enter C．enters D．entered 39．（2024·上海金山·二模）As we all know, it’s impolite to keep others ________ for a long time. A．wait B．to wait C．waited D．waiting 40．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The volunteers offered ________ the dripping taps in this housing estate. A．to fix B．fixing C．fix D．fixed 41．（2024·上海松江·二模）Never expect others ________ your mind. Just tell them what you want. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 42．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Would you like ________ out for a while to relax yourself and have some fun? A．go B．to go C．going D．gone 43．（2024·上海松江·二模）Sara is used to ________ a glass of water when she gets up in the morning. A．drink B．drinks C．drinking D．drank 44．（2024·上海青浦·二模）When the police asked the doorkeeper about the theft, he denied ________ any stranger. A．to see B．seeing C．see D．saw 45．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Aunt Lily encouraged me ________ calligraphy (书法) when I was six years old. A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn 46．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Cindy, would you mind ________ me a lift to work tomorrow morning? A．giving B．to give C．give D．given 47．（2024·上海普陀·二模）We hope __________ anything unpleasant from happening. A．prevent B．to prevent C．preventing D．prevented 48．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The talk show was so funny that it made the audience ________ from time to time. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughed D．laughing 49．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—What else should I pay attention to ________ my English? —You should watch English videos as often as possible. A．improve B．improves C．improving D．to improve 50．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）We should help the children who have trouble _________ the English words. A．reading B．to read C．read D．reads 51．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Some scientists suggest ________ at an early age, but others do not. A．write B．to write C．writing D．to writing 52．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Many people failed ________ home in time for New Year’s Eve dinner because of the heavy snow. A．arrive B．arriving C．to arrive D．to arriving 53．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）It’s a custom for the Chinese _________ a gift for friends when visiting them. A．bring B．bringing C．to bring D．brought 54．（2024·青海海东·一模）My brother spent two days ________ his bicycle and turned it into a new one again. A．fix B．to fix C．fixing D．fixed 55．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）—What for? Your boss didn’t set a deadline for your report on the experiment, did he? — ________ it done before it is too late. God knows what will happen in the next few months. A．Get B．Getting C．To get D．To be getting 56．（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）How about ________ to English radio programs every day if you want to improve your listening skills? A．listen B．to listen C．listened D．listening 57．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）More attention should be paid ________ a good habit of reading effectively. A．to develop B．for developing C．to developing D．in developing 58．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The transportation will improve a lot in the near future, with another two bridges ________ over the Huangpu River. A．to be constructed B．to construct C．being constructed D．constructing 59．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ by the brilliance of his speech, Mary determined to practice speaking English every morning. A．Impressing B．Be impressed C．Having impressed D．Impressed 60．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）One of his ambitions ____ around the world. A．is sail B．is to sail C．are sailing D．are to sail 61．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 62．（19-20九年级下·上海·单元测试）When I walked beside the fields, I saw the farmers ________ busily. A．harvest B．harvested C．to harvest D．harvesting 63．（2023·上海长宁·二模）I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 64．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）My house requires ________, so I must have it ________. A．painted, painting B．painting, painting C．painting, painted D．painted, painted 65．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 66．（22-23九年级下·全国·课时练习）Please play with her and don’t let her feel _________. A．leave out B．leaving out C．to leave out D．left out 67．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）The broken car requires ________. I wonder where to have it ________. A．fixed; fixing B．fixed; fixed C．fixing; fixing D．fixing; fixed 68．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The small town, _________ other places by high-speed trains, gets to be popular recently. A．connect to B．connected to C．connected D．connects to 69．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）The old radio requires ________, so you’d better have it ________ soon. A．repairing; repaired B．to repair; repaired C．to be repaired; repair D．to repair; repair 70．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Please give this book to a boy ________ Zhang Ming. A．call B．called C．calling D．to call 命题点二：考查非谓语动词与词性转换 1．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）You’d better avoid (go) out alone after it is dark. 2．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Experts advise parents (communicate) more with their children after work. 3．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）All the information is on television. It’s not really worth (buy) a newspaper. 4．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）The government has promised (create) more jobs for young people. 5．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Where there is a will, there is a way. You should trust yourself instead of (lose) heart. 6．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）We should pay great attention to (improve) our listening skills. 7．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）To a new picture, the painter has stayed in his studio for a month. (creative) 8．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The boy loves his pole very much. (fish) 9．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）Watching the train leave the platform and into the distance makes Jack feel so bad. (appear) 10．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期中）Everyone deserves the chance to and has a right to be respected. (success) 11．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The old man sent an email to about the bad service of the nursing home. (complaint) 12．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）To the problem, the team made a field research and did some tests. (solution) 13．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Reading, as well as traveling, is one of the best ways to our mind. (rich) 14．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Let’s a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week. (invitation) 15．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）The students asked the teacher to the secret of the black hole. (explanation) 16．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）What skills are needed to this kind of machines? (operation) 17．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Animals this way can easily get sick, so they have to be given drugs. (keep) 18．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Dad, I prefer to go shopping with you instead of at home alone. (leave) 19．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Parents often have difficulty with their teenage children. (communicate) 20．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The manager suggested thousands of pounds updating computers. (spend) 21．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校考期中）The magician Simon can make the coin in his hand in a minute.(appear) 22．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校联考期中）“Our job is to customers well, please keep it in mind” The manager said. (service) 23．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）The government is planning to more jobs for the young. (creative) 24．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Don’t always try to others. It’s bad manners. （foolish） 25．（2021上·上海黄浦·九年级统考期中）If your neighbors are too noisy then you have the reason for . (complaint) 26．（2023上·上海徐汇·九年级校联考期末）Our Chinese teacher often says it’s good for us to more Chinese poems. (memory) 27．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）Look at the information board, and find the right way to the meeting room. (entrance) 28．（2023·上海宝山·统考一模）Cao Chong was clever because he found a good way to an elephant. (weight) 29．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）I wonder how to start and the new washing machine. （operation） 30．（2023·上海长宁·统考一模）The government plans to more jobs for young people this year. (creative) 31．（2021·上海·模拟预测）They killed four policemen while they were trying to a bank. (robbery) 32．（2023·上海杨浦·校考）Remember to _______ your notes very carefully before giving a speech. (organization) 33．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）It took a few ambulances to ________ the injured to the nearby hospital. (transportation) 34．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Without hard work, no one can expect to ________ in doing anything great. (success) 35．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Reading is one of the most powerful ways to ________ our knowledge. (rich) 36．（2023·上海闵行一模）He didn’t know how he could get to his new school on time. (改为简单句) He didn’t know ________ ________ get to his new school on time. 37．（2022·上海普陀二模）She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday. (改为简单句) She has no idea ___________ ___________ go for a trip this summer holiday. 38．（2022·上海崇明模拟预测）Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简单句） Jane wonders ________ ________ buy some vegetables online during the special days. 39．（2022·上海黄浦二模）“You should have your temperature taken first,” said the doctor to me. (改为间接引语) The doctor advised me ________ _____________my temperature taken first. 40．（2022·上海崇明·模拟）them, the unusual stone, took, a lot of time, it, to research（连词成句） ______________________________________________________________. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 不定式、动名词、分词 非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语。非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词一直是英语学习的难点，也是中考的常考点，主要为动词不定式和动名词，在单项填空、词形填空题型中均有涉及。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧，以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不定式 非谓语动词基本用法，及非谓语一般形式；主要考点为动词不定式和动名词，分词少有涉及。 需使用不定式做宾语的动词；省去to 的不定式作宾补的动词；不定式做表语。 动名词 一些常接动名词做宾语的动词及句型 分词 现在分词与过去分词做表语区别 动词不定式 1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. 1. My wish is to become a teacher. 2. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather. 作定语 (后置) I have nothing ___________ (send) you. We must never miss the chance _______( show) love for our parents. 1. I have nothing to say about that thing. 2. Sorry, I can’t go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3. China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space. 作宾语及宾补 1. want/promise/manage/plan/expect decide/choose/refuse/pretend to do sth. 2. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. (注：被动带to) 3. ask/ tell/ order /enable/allow/encourage sb. to do sth. 4. warn sb. not to do sth. 5. would like to do 5. had better (not)do 1. Alice wanted to get another cup of coffee. 2. He told me to be here on time. 3. Our parents often tell us not to swim alone in the river in summer. 4. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn_. He always works hard. 5. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.  作状语  不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状语 如：in order to; so as to He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （目的状语） He searched the room only to find nothing. （结果状语） I'm glad to see you. （原因状语） 动词不定式与疑问词连用 (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.   (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) (4). The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide which to eat. 不定式的特殊句型： 1.句型：too…to…：太…而不能… 2.句型：be + adj + enough + to do sth.足以做 … 3.句型：It's + adj. + for sb to do sth 4.句型：Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?" 　　 5. 句型：so as (not) to do: 表示目的 6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb not to do/never to/in order not to/so as not to等 7..比较：used to do/be used to doing 8..比较：It takes…to do/sb spends…doing He is too excited to speak. The child is old enough to go to schooll. Why not take a holiday? Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 1. The box is too heavy for me ____ it.  A. carrying   B. carries   C. carry   D. to carry 2.We are often told _____at people in trouble.  A. not to smile  B. to smile     C. not to laugh   D. to laugh 3.Yesterday morning I got up early________ be late for the exam. A. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to 动名词 动名词做宾语 1.信号词：enjoy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; consider; admit; forgive, avoid; escape; 2. 词组：give up/ be good at/do well in/ can't help/ keep on/feel like/ be used to/refer to/pay attention to/ devote oneself to/get used to/look forward to/ succeed in/ be worth 3.how about/what about +doing 4.prefer doing….to doing /prefer to do....rather than do 5.介词后面+doing 6.固定搭配：go shopping/go dancing/go swimming 1. Mary and I enjoy playing badminton. 2.It's a bit cold. Would you mind my closing all the windows? 3.The new term is coming. They are busy cleaning the classrooms 4.—Mum, I’m hungry.  —What about _____(go) to McDonald’s eating fried chicken? 5. Knives are used for _________(cut) things.  动名词做主语及表语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳 现在分词 感官动词+sb.+doing see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe I heard someone knocking at the door. I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday. There we found him watching TV. ►考向一 动词不定式 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 动词不定式的特殊句型: ①too…to… “太……而不能……”。 如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。 ②…enough to…“……足够……”。 如：He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大能去上学了。 ③Why don’t you +省略to的不定式？=Why not +省略to的不定式？为什么不……呢？ 如：Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？ ④had better+（not）+省略to的不定式。最好（不要）做…… 如：You'd better not stay here today. 你今天最好别待在这儿。 ⑤Will you please+省略to的不定式?你愿意……吗？ 如：Will you please close the door? 能请你把门关上吗？ ⑥prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事” 如：I prefer to do more work rather than do nothing at home.我宁愿做更多的工作也不愿在家无所事事。 ⑦It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do.“做某事是……的” 如：It is necessary for us to brush our teeth twice a day.一天刷两次牙对我们是有必要的。 It+be+形容词+不定式 It’s hard to say which one is better.很难说哪一个更好。 It+be+名词+不定式 It was great fun to have a picnic there. 在那里野餐很有意思。 It+动词+名词/副词+不定式 It took me 2 hours to finish my homework. 完成作业花了我两个小时的时间。 【真题链接】 1. （2023·上海·统考中考真题）Hanfu Day in our school aims________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A) offer B) offering C) to offer D) offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意： “我们学校的汉服日是为了给学生提供一种体验中国传统文化的机会。” 可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，故选 C。 2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country. A．sell B．selling C．to sell D．sold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：互联网使农民能够在全国各地销售水果和蔬菜。 考查非谓语动词。固定短语enable sb to do sth“使某人能做某事”。故选C。 3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday. A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish 【答案】D 【详解】句意：经理要求他的秘书在星期五之前完成报告。 考查非谓语动词。finish完成，动词原形；finishes完成，动词第三人称单数；finishing完成，动词现在分词/动名词；to finish完成，动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故选D。 4．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Doctors tell us________our hands before and after every meal． A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash 【答案】D 【详解】句意：医生告诉我们饭前饭后要洗手． 考查动词非谓语的用法。根据句型tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事，可知不定式to do做宾补。故选D。 【点睛】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。 5．（2019·上海·中考真题）The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：主人在聚会上讲了一个笑话，逗得客人大笑。 A. laugh笑；原形；B. laughing笑，现在分词；C. to laugh笑，动词不定式；D. laughed笑，过去式。短语make sb. do sth.表示使某人做某事。根据题意，故选A。 6．（2018·上海·中考真题）Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided______his own restaurant. A．open B．opened C．to open D．opening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：周先生擅长烹饪，他决定开一家属于自己的餐馆。decide to do sth.决定去做某事，固定搭配。故答案为C。 7．（2017上·八年级课时练习）I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ________ it a secret. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不能告诉你她说的话，我答应了保守秘密。keep保持，保守，动词原形；to keep动词不定式；keeping动名词形式；kept是keep的过去式。这句话的谓语动词是promise，承诺，答应，常用于句型promise to do sth.答应去做某事，故应选B。 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）Vivian refuses ___________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes. A．to send B．sending C．sent D．sends 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：Vivian拒绝把她的孩子送到周末补习班去补课。refuse拒绝，后接名词、代词和动词不定式。refuse to do sth.意为拒绝做某事。A. to send动词不定式；B. sending动名词形式；C. sent是send的过去式；D. sends是三单形式。故选A。 考点：考查动词不定式。 9．（2014·上海·中考真题）Harry has decided    __________ an online shop after graduating from school. A．open B．to open C．opened D．opening 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从学校毕业之后，哈利决定开一家网店。decide后面一般接带to的动词不定式作宾语，故选B。 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Don’t jump to a conclusion! Let’s __ the problem first. A．to discuss B．discuss C．discussed D．discussing 【答案】B 【详解】本题考查祈使句，let’s do sth，让我们做…，句意：别贸然做出结论，让我们先讨论问题。选B。 11．（2015·上海·中考真题） My friend invited me ______ the art club , and I accepted it with pleasure. A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A. join动词原形；B.to join 动词不定式；C. joined 动词过去式；D.joining动词的ing形式。 invite sb to do sth，邀请某人做某事。结合句意及结构，故选B。 【考点定位】考查动词不定式的用法。 12．（2013·上海·中考真题）Even Tony’s granddaughter，a five-year-old girl，asked him__________ smoking． A．give up B．gave up C．to give up D．giving up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：甚至是托尼的外孙女，一个五岁的女孩，都要求他戒烟。Ask后接带to的不定式做宾语补足语，结合语境可知选C。 13．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The journalist hoped to the brave act of the fireman. （reporter） 【答案】report 【详解】句意：新闻记者希望报道消防员的勇敢行为。reporter“记者”，名词。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，故空格处用动词原形report“报道”。故填report。 14．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Some rainforests are likely to if we don’t take action to protect them. (appear) 【答案】disappear 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取行动保护一些雨林，它们可能会消失。appear出现，动词；根据“if we don’t take action to protect them”可知，此处表示雨林可能会消失，disappear“消失”，动词；be likely to do sth.表示“可能会做某事”，此处应用动词原形。故填disappear。 ►考向二 动名词 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 常跟动名词作宾语的动词有： enjoy喜欢；  mind 介意； finish  完成；keep持续；  suggest 建议； practice 练习；consider考虑；                miss错过；imagine想象；avoid避免； can’t help忍不住；go on 继续；be worth值得； be busy忙于                give up放弃；succeed in成功，设法；look forward to期待；be used to习惯于；end up以……结束 put off推迟；pay attention to注意；be interested in对……感兴趣 注意：含有介词to的固定短语： make (a) contribution (s) to 为……做贡献 devote oneself to 献身，致力于…… look forward to 期待，盼望 preferto 比起……更喜欢…… be used to 习惯……，适应…… pay attention to注意 某些动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做） I forget to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forget bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 2.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 3.try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 Please try to do better next time.下次请设法做得更好些。 He tried speaking in English.他试着用英语讲。 4.hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事 I often see him play football 我经常看见他踢球 I saw him playing football went I passed 当我经过的时候，我看见他正在踢球 5.Stop to do sth 停下去做某事 Stop doing sth 停止做某事 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一下这件事。 Stop talking, please.请不要说话。 6.Mean to do sth 打算做某事 Mean doing sth 意味着 I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 【真题链接】 1.（2023·上海·统考中考真题） The family are busy __________their living room for the coming Spring Festival. A) decorating B) to decorate C) decorate D) decorated 答案：A 解析：本题考查 “be busy doing sth.” 这个固定结构，意思是 “忙于做某事”。在句子 “The family are busy _________ their living room for the coming Spring Festival.” 中，需要一个表示 “装饰” 动作的词来填充，且要符合 “be busy doing sth.”后接动名词用法的结构。 2．（2017上海·统考中考真题）After she finished ________ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper. A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意：读完这个故事后，爱丽丝给校报写了一篇评论。 考查非谓语动词。finish doing sth“完成做某事”，动名词作宾语，是固定表达。故选D。 3．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day. A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位年轻运动员每天花四个小时练习排球。 考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，应用动名词作宾语。故选B。 4．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Michael and his friends practise ________ table tennis after school every day. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克尔和他的朋友们每天放学后练习打乒乓球。 考查非谓语动词。practice/practise doing sth练习做某事，因此用动名词作宾语，故选C。 5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The engineers will keep________the project with the manager of the company． A．discuss B．discussed C．discussing D．to discuss 【答案】C 【详解】句意：工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。 考查非谓语动词。discuss原形；discussed一般过去式、过去分词；discussing动名词、现在分词；to discuss不定式；keep doing sth 继续做某事，可知此处填动名词；故选C。 6．（2019·上海·中考真题）Would you mind care of my pet fish while I'm away on holiday? A．take B．taken C．to take D．taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我外出度假时，你介意照看我的宠物鱼吗？ A. take带去，原形；B. taken带去，过去分词；C. to take带去，动词不定式；D. taking带去，现在分词。短语take care of…表示照顾；Would you mind doing sth.表示你介意做某事吗？根据题意，故选D。 7．（2012·上海·中考真题）Stop ______ about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it. A．complaining B．to complain C．complain D．complained 【答案】A 【详解】句意：停止抱怨交通了，我们想想可以做些什么去改善。 考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.意为“停下手上的事去做另一件事”；stop doing sth. 意为“停止手上正在做的事”。根据“Just think about what we can do to improve it.”可知，此处指停止正在做的事情。故选A。 8．（2018·上海·中考真题）Sue practices______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. A．play B．played C．to play D．playing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：苏练习小提琴很刻苦，经常会有一些精彩的表演。practice doing sth.练习做某事。故答案为D。 9．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017﹒上海）The workers are busy windows to the new building these days. A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix 【答案】C 【详解】句意：工人们最近忙着给新大楼安装窗户。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，是个固定短语，busy后接动名词形式。故选C。 10．（2015·上海·中考真题）Martin was so busy ______ the old that he gave up his part-time job. A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help 【答案】A 【详解】句意：马丁如此忙于帮助老人，以至于他放弃了他的兼职工作。A. helping动词的ingr形式；B. helped动词的过去式；C.to help 动词不定式；D. help动词原形。be busy doing sth,忙于做某事。结合所给选项的形式，故选A。 11．（2013·上海·中考真题）The retired couple enjoy_____photos.They always go out with their cameras A．take B．took C．to take D．taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这对退休夫妇喜欢拍照。他们总是带着照相机出去。enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事。故选D。 12．（2014·上海·中考真题）I wouldn’t mind______a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. A．having B．to have C．have D．had 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不介意有一个室友.我们能互相帮助，也能省钱。Mind doing sth介意做某事，动名词作宾语表示抽象动作，故选A。 ►考向三 分词 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在分词与过去分词的区别 1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。 the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised man一个感到惊讶的人 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 易混句式have sb.do sth.,have sb.doing sth.和have sth. done的区别 1.have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 2.have sb. doing sth.表示“使某人作出某种反应”或“劝说/命令某人做某事”;用于否定句时表示“允许/容忍某人做某事”。 Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就令全体观众欢笑、鼓掌。 3.have sth.done意为“让某事被别人做”,即ask sb.else to do sth.,过去分词(done)所表示的动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机一周让人洗一次车。 【真题链接】 1．（2011·上海·中考真题） As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others_________for a long time. A．wait B．waited C．to wait D．waiting 【答案】D 【详解】这题考查非谓语的用法：keep sb doing“让某人一直做某事”，句意是：我们都知道，让别人等很长时间是不礼貌的。选D。 2．（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对不起，我让你等了这么长时间。交通非常糟糕。 考查现在分词作宾补。waiting动词现在分词/动名词；wait等待，动词。waited动词过去式/过去分词；to wait动词不定式。根据语境可知，交通很拥堵，可推测此处是让对方一直等待了很长时间，keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”，使役动词keep后需填现在分词，作宾补，waiting“等待”为动词wait的现在分词。故选A。 3．（2023·上海奉贤·统考一模）When I was walking on the street, I saw a drone(无人机) ________ over my head. A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我走在街上时，我看到一架无人机从我头顶飞过。 考查非谓语动词。see…do sth看到……做某事，强调看到整个过程或经常发生的动作；see…doing sth看到……正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。根据“When I was walking on the street, I saw a drone(无人机)… over my head”可知，看到无人机正从头顶上飞过，应填现在分词作宾补，故选B。 4．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）When I walked past the music room, I heard someone ________ the piano in it. A．to play B．played C．playing D．play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我走过音乐教室时，我听到有人在里面弹钢琴。 考查非谓语动词。hear sb do sth“听见某人经常做某事”；hear sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”。根据“When I walked past the music room, I heard someone...the piano in it.”可知，路过的时候听到有人正在弹钢琴，故选C。 5．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）I saw Tom ________ football with his classmates at three this afternoon. A．plays B．played C．playing D．to play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天下午三点我看见Tom和他的同班同学在踢足球。 考查非谓语动词辨析。当see解释为“看见”时，后面不接从句，故填入非谓语动词；根据语境可知，说话者只看到了踢足球的一个片段，see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事的全程”，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人做某事的片段”，故搭配doing。故选C。 6．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测） — We didn’t find Tom ________ the lecture. — No one had told him about ________ a lecture the following day. A．to attend; there to be B．attending; there being C．attended; there be D．attend; there was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 我们没有发现汤姆来听讲座。—— 没人告诉他第二天有讲座。 考查分词的用法。根据固定搭配“find sb. doing sth.”可知，此空需要现在分词形式作宾语补足语；再者根据“about”一词可知，其后动词用动名词形式，因此there being符合句意。故选B。 7．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测）When the clerk saw a kind of face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood ________ to the ground, ________whether to stay or leave. A．rooted; wondering B．to be rooted; wonder C．rooting; to wonder D．to root; wondered 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当店员看到一张满脸皱纹的脸带着歉意的微笑时，她像生了根似的站在地上，不知道该走还是该留。 考查非谓语动词。 rooted生根的；wonder想知道；结合选项分析句子可知，第一空使用过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或感受，相当于形容词；she与wonder之间是主谓关系，第二空使用现在分词作伴随状语，故选A。 8．（2019上·上海虹口·九年级上外附中校考周测）The traffic rule says that young children under the age of four and ________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A．being weighed B．to weigh C．weighed D．weighing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：交通规则规定，4岁以下、体重小于40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。 考查非谓语动词。weigh是动词，意为“有……重”；根据“young children under the age of four and...less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.”可知，weigh与主语young children之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词weighing，weighing less than 40 pounds修饰主语。故选D。 9．（2020上·上海浦东新·九年级校考阶段练习）On my way home, I always notice some children ________ around in the garden. A．ran B．to run C．running D．runs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我回家的路上，我总是注意到一些孩子在花园里跑来跑去。 考查动词形式辨析。notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事；children和动词run是主动关系，这里用现在分词作宾补，故选C。 10．（2019上·上海·九年级上海市民办新竹园中学校考阶段练习）At that time some boys ________ basketball on the playground. A．were seen playing B．were seen to play C．saw to play D．saw and played 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那时，有人看见一些男孩在操场上打篮球。 考查see的用法。see sb. do 看见某人做某事，它的语句环境是“主语对象”完整的目睹了某人做某事的全过程；see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事，强调的是看见的这么一个动作；根据被动语态转换为“be seen doing”，“be seen to do”，所以此处排除B；分析句子，此处是被动语态，结合“At that time”，所以此处用be seen doing，故选A。 【点睛】see sb. do 看见某人做某事，它的语句环境是“主语对象”完整的目睹了某人做某事的全过程，强调了“主语对象”对该事件的完整了解性； see sb. doing 看见某人正在做某事，它的语句环境是“主语对象”恰巧看到了某人正在实施某事，强调的是看见的这么一个动作，是一个瞬间发生的事情。 11．（2019·上海虹口·九年级校考期中）The book he _______ on the table is still _______ there. A．lay, lying B．laid, laying C．lied, lying D．laid, lying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他放在桌子上的那本书现在仍然还在那。 考查动词辨析。lay 放置，动词原形 ；lying 说谎或躺，现在分词。laid 放置，过去式或过去分词；laying 放置，现在分词。lied 说谎，过去式或过去分词；lying 说谎或躺，现在分词。laid 放置，过去式或过去分词；lying 说谎或躺，现在分词。根据句意，第一个空是指放在桌子上的那本书，书和动作放之间是被动关系，所以用lay的过去分词。第二个是指现在仍然躺在那，用动词lie，表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，结构是be doing，lie的现在分词是lying。故选D。 【点睛】常考的三个动词辨析：lie 躺/平放/位于，及物动词；现在分词是lying，过去式是lay，过去分词是lain。lie 说谎，不及物动词；现在分词是lying，过去式是lied，过去分词是lied。lay 放置/产卵，及物动词；现在分词是laying，过去式是laid，过去分词是laid。 12．（2022上·上海宝山·九年级统考开学考试）There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们村总共有200人左右，包括老人和孩子。 考查非谓语动词。根据“There are altogether some 200 people in our village, …the old people and children .”可知，the old people and children和include是被动关系，因此此处应用动词过去分词形式。故选B。 命题点一：非谓语动词基本用法 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）We have to practise _______ English more often. It’s useful when we’re at work. A．to speak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们必须更经常地练习说英语。这在我们工作的时候很有用。 考查非谓语动词。practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 2．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）The piece of grass tied around the bird’s neck stops it from ________ the fish. A．swallow B．to swallow C．swallowing D．swallowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：绑在鸟脖子上的那块草阻止了它吞鱼。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词“from”可知，此处应用动名词形式，作宾语。故选C。 3．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）The students are busy ________ for the coming exams. A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing D．prepared 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。 考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth“忙着做某事”，此处使用动名词preparing。故选C。 4．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）Amy prefers ________ at home to ________ out at the weekend. A．stay; going B．staying; going C．staying; go D．stay; go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Amy更喜欢周末待在家里而不是外出。 考查prefer...to...短语用法。短语“prefer doing A to doing B”表示“比起做B这件事，更喜欢做A这件事”。故选B。 5．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）This will enable the audience ________ comfortably while watching the shows. A．sit B．to sit C．sitting D．sat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这将使观众在观看节目时坐得舒适些。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前“enable the audience”可知，此处考查enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to sit，在句中作宾语补足语。故选B。 6．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Pictures and sounds in the film enable us ________ the novel better. A．understand B．understanding C．understood D．to understand 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电影中的图片和声音使我们能够更好地理解这部小说。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 7．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）Once he made a decision, nothing would make him ________ his mind. A．to change B．change C．changing D．changed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一旦他做出决定，没有什么能让他改变主意。 考查非谓语。make sb do sth“使得某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾补。故选B。 8．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·期中）He showed great interest and spent much time ________ traditional Chinese culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他表现出极大的兴趣，花了很多时间学习中国传统文化。 考查非谓语。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 9．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）My brother is considering________ abroad to further his study. A．study B．to study C．studying D．will study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥正在考虑出国深造。 考查非谓语动词。根据“My brother is considering…”可知，此处是短语consider doing sth“考虑做某事”，所以此处应用动名词studying作宾语。故选C。 10．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）They have no choice but ________ up the plan because they are short of money. A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们别无选择，只能放弃这个计划，因为他们缺钱。 考查固定短语。have no choice but to do sth“除了做某事别无选择”，是固定短语，故选B。 11．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Can you lend me a hand ? The box is ________ heavy for me ________ carry upstairs A．so, that B．such, that C．too, to D．enough, to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能帮我一把吗？这个盒子对我来说太重了不能提到楼上。 考查连词。so…that…如此……以至于，其结构为so+形容词或副词+that+从句； such…that…如此……以至于，其结构为such+a/an+形容词+名词+that+从句； too… to…太……而不能……，其结构为too+形容词/副词+to+do； enough… to…足够……能……。根据“heavy for me...carry”可知应用too...to...结构，故选C。 12．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）AI technology enables robots ________ on their own. A．to think B．thinking C．thought D．think 【答案】A 【详解】句意：AI 技术使机器人能够自行思考。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，结构中需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 13．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Millie often imagines ________ on Mars some day. A．live B．to live C．lives D．living 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Millie经常想象有一天住在火星上。 考查非谓语动词。考查imagine doing sth.“想象做某事”，所以填动名词作宾语，故选D。 14．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）I was thinking about ________ to spend my holidays. A．who B．what C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在想去哪里度假。 考查疑问词辨析。who谁，代词；what什么，代词；where哪里，副词；which哪一个，代词。根据空后的“spend”有宾语可知，此处用副词where。故选C。 15．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The light hung from the front of the raft enables Damin ________ better at night. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．sees 【答案】B 【详解】句意：挂在木筏前面的灯使Damin在晚上看得更清楚。 考查动词不定式。句中包含句型enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，所以see要用动词不定式。故选B。 16．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Children often imagine ________ the unexpected things when opening the mystery boxes. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们在打开神秘盒子时，经常会想象得到意想不到的东西。 考查非谓语动词。get得到，动词原形；to get动词不定式；getting动名词或现在分词；got动词过去式。根据语境可知，此处考查“imagine doing sth.”意为“想象做某事”，所以应该用动名词getting。故选C。 17．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help ________ any of your work. A．doing B．to do C．being doing D．to be done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他对此一无所知，所以他不能帮你做任何工作。 考查非谓语动词。根据“He knows nothing about it”可知，应该说他对此一无所知，所以无法帮你做任何事，can’t help to do sth“不能帮助做某事”，故选B。 18．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could ________ a good college. A．enter B．to enter C．entering D．entered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班的每个人都在努力学习，尽我们所能进入一所好大学。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“努力学习，尽自己所能”的目的是“进入一所好大学”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。 19．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）Because there is a lot of housework __________, the mother has no time to take exercise outside. A．to do B．doing C．done D．being done 【答案】A 【详解】句意：因为有很多家务要做，母亲没有时间在外面锻炼。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Because there is a lot of housework…”可知，此处表示有很多家务要做，应该用不定式作后置定语。故选A。 20．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在电脑的帮助下，你可以阅读历史上的名人，甚至听他们说话。 考查非谓语动词。speak“说话”，listen to sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”，故选C。 21．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Many young Chinese parents have no choice but ________ their children to their grandparents. A．to leave B．left C．leaving D．leave 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多年轻的中国父母除了把孩子留给他们的祖父母，别无选择。 考查非谓语动词。leave“留下”，have no choice but to do sth“除了做某事，别无选择”，故选A。 22．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）The computer is broken again. I get it __________ yesterday. A．repairs B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电脑又坏了。我昨天修了一下。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I get it”可知，it指代the computer，与repair之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词repaired表示被动。故选D。 23．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期中）The poor baby has kept ________ for a long time because he can’t find his mother. A．cry B．crying C．to cry D．cried 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个可怜的婴儿哭了很长时间，因为他找不到他的妈妈。 考查非谓语。keep doing sth“一直做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。 24．（23-24九年级上·上海崇明·期中）The government advise all the citizens ________ home until the typhoon was over. A．stay B．staying C．to stay D．to staying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：政府建议所有市民待在家里，直到台风过去。 考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选C。 25．（23-24九年级上·上海金山·期中）Michael managed ________ the problem with the help of his friends at last. A．solve B．solved C．solving D．to solve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：迈克尔最终在朋友们的帮助下设法解决了这个问题。 考查动词不定式作宾语。manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 26．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Students in the university are not allowed ________ the mobile phone in class. A．use B．to use C．using D．used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这所大学的学生不允许在课堂上使用手机。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Students in the university are not allowed ... the mobile phone in class.”可知，此处是be not allowed to do sth“不被允许做某事”，其中动词不定式作主语补足语。故选B。 27．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期中）There are so many types of smart phones in this shop. I really don’t know ________. A．to buy which B．to buy what C．which to buy D．what to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这家商店里有这么多种类的智能手机。我真不知道该买哪个。 考查“疑问词+不定式”。which哪一个；what什么。此处是“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，根据“There are so many types of smart phones in this shop.”可知，种类太多，所以不知道买哪个，有选择性含义，用which。故选C。 28．（2024·广东汕头·一模）—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，朱莉，用你的手机拍照真是太酷了。——只需要一个叫MTxiuxiu的软件。让我来教你怎么用。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。what to use使用什么；how to use it如何使用它；which to use使用哪一个；where to use it在哪里使用它。根据“Just with a software called MTxiuxiu.”可知，此处表示“让我教你如何使用它”，故选B。 29．（21-22九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Our teacher often suggests us ________ on both sides of the paper. A．write B．writes C．writing D．to write 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常建议我们在纸的两面都写字。 考查动名词作宾语。suggest (sb) doing sth“建议（某人）做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。故选C。 30．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）I’m so hungry. I need something _______. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．eaten 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很饿。我需要一些吃的东西。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I’m so hungry. I need something”可知，此处指需要吃一些东西，应用不定式作后置定语，修饰“something”。故选B。 31．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Anna is considering ________ to New Zealand for further study next summer holidays. A．go B．went C．to go D．going 【答案】D 【详解】句意：安娜正在考虑明年暑假去新西兰深造。 考查非谓语。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，是固定搭配。故选D。 32．（2024·上海宝山·二模）Michael expected ________ the basketball match so he trained hard day and night. A．to win B．winning C．win D．won 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克尔希望赢得这场篮球比赛，所以他夜以继日地刻苦训练。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Michael expected...”可知，expect to do sth“期待做某事”。故选A。 33．（2024·上海崇明·二模）You should practise _________ from now on if you want to win the race. A．run B．running C．runs D．to run 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想赢得比赛，你应该从现在起练习跑步。 考查非谓语动词。parctise doing sth.“练习做某事”，所以设空处选填动名词形式。故选B。 34．（2024·上海崇明·二模）The headmaster requires the students _________ school uniforms on weekdays. A．wear B．wearing C．wears D．to wear 【答案】D 【详解】句意：校长要求学生在工作日穿校服。 考查非谓语动词。require sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，故选D。 35．（2024·湖北武汉·一模）We should often review our notes after class to avoid ________ the same mistakes. A．make B．to make C．made D．making 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该经常在课后复习笔记，以避免犯同样的错误。 考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选D。 36．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）Bonnie is new here, so she decided ________ an after-school club to make some friends. A．joining B．join C．to join D．joined 【答案】C 【详解】句意：邦妮是新来的，所以她决定参加一个课后俱乐部来交一些朋友。 考查非谓语动词。join“参加”，根据“decided”可知，考查decide to do sth“决定做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故选C。 37．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The professor suggested that the students consider ________ more research on the topic. A．do B．doing C．to do D．done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教授建议学生们考虑就这个课题做更多的研究。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前consider可知，此处考查consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。 38．（2024·上海金山·二模）Last December, China allowed Malaysian tourists the country for 15 days without a visa. (签证) A．enter B．to enter C．enters D．entered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年12月，中国允许马来西亚游客免签证入境15天。 考查非谓语动词。结合语境及“allowed Malaysian tourists…”可知，此处是指“允许某人做某事”，其英文表达为“allow sb. to do sth.”。故选B。 39．（2024·上海金山·二模）As we all know, it’s impolite to keep others ________ for a long time. A．wait B．to wait C．waited D．waiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们都知道，让别人等很长时间是不礼貌的。 考查非谓语动词。keep sb doing sth.让某人保持做某事，是固定短语，此处用动名词形式。故选D。 40．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The volunteers offered ________ the dripping taps in this housing estate. A．to fix B．fixing C．fix D．fixed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：志愿者们主动提出要修理这个住宅区滴水的水龙头。 考查非谓语动词。fix“修理”，根据“offered”可知，考查offer to do“提出要做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故选A。 41．（2024·上海松江·二模）Never expect others ________ your mind. Just tell them what you want. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：永远不要指望别人能读懂你的心思。告诉他们你想要什么。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 42．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Would you like ________ out for a while to relax yourself and have some fun? A．go B．to go C．going D．gone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你想出去放松一下，找点乐子吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据would like to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，此处应用动词不定式to go。故选B。 43．（2024·上海松江·二模）Sara is used to ________ a glass of water when she gets up in the morning. A．drink B．drinks C．drinking D．drank 【答案】C 【详解】句意：萨拉习惯早上起床时喝一杯水。 考查非谓语。drink喝，动词原形； drinks喝，第三人称单数；drinking喝，现在分词或动名词； drank喝，过去式。根据句意和“is used to”可知，此处指萨拉习惯早上起床时喝水，考查短语be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词。故选C。 44．（2024·上海青浦·二模）When the police asked the doorkeeper about the theft, he denied ________ any stranger. A．to see B．seeing C．see D．saw 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当警察向看门人询问盗窃案时，他否认看到任何陌生人。 考查非谓语动词。根据“denied”可知，deny doing sth“否认做某事”，因此设空处填动名词seeing。故选B。 45．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Aunt Lily encouraged me ________ calligraphy (书法) when I was six years old. A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我六岁时，莉莉阿姨鼓励我去学习书法。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 46．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Cindy, would you mind ________ me a lift to work tomorrow morning? A．giving B．to give C．give D．given 【答案】A 【详解】句意：辛迪，你介意明天早上让我搭个便车去上班吗？ 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，应用动名词形式，故选A。 47．（2024·上海普陀·二模）We hope __________ anything unpleasant from happening. A．prevent B．to prevent C．preventing D．prevented 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们希望防止任何不愉快的事情发生。 考查非谓语。prevent阻止，原形；to prevent不定式；preventing动名词；prevented过去式。hope to do“希望做某事”，故选B。 48．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The talk show was so funny that it made the audience ________ from time to time. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughed D．laughing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个脱口秀节目非常有趣，不时地使观众发笑。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，made为使役动词，此处应用省略to的不定式结构，作宾补。故选A。 49．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）—What else should I pay attention to ________ my English? —You should watch English videos as often as possible. A．improve B．improves C．improving D．to improve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我还应该注意什么来提高我的英语？——你应该尽可能经常地看英语视频。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。在这个句子中，pay attention to后面应该接动词不定式作目的状语，表示为了做什么。故选D。 50．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）We should help the children who have trouble _________ the English words. A．reading B．to read C．read D．reads 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该帮助读英语单词有困难的孩子。 考查非谓语。have trouble (in) doing sth.意思是“做某事有困难”，是固定搭配。故选A。 51．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Some scientists suggest ________ at an early age, but others do not. A．write B．to write C．writing D．to writing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些科学家建议在很小的时候就开始写作，但另一些科学家则不然。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，所以设空处选填动名词形式。故选C。 52．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Many people failed ________ home in time for New Year’s Eve dinner because of the heavy snow. A．arrive B．arriving C．to arrive D．to arriving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于大雪，许多人没能及时赶回家吃年夜饭。 考查不定式作宾语。根据“failed...home in time for New Year’s Eve dinner because of the heavy snow”可知，考查fail to do sth“未能做某事”，故选C。 53．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）It’s a custom for the Chinese _________ a gift for friends when visiting them. A．bring B．bringing C．to bring D．brought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：拜访朋友时给他们带礼物是中国人的一种习俗。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s a custom for the Chinese ... a gift for friends”可知，此处是it is a custom for sb to do sth“做某事对某人来说是一种习俗”，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故选C。 54．（2024·青海海东·一模）My brother spent two days ________ his bicycle and turned it into a new one again. A．fix B．to fix C．fixing D．fixed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥花了两天时间修理自行车，又把它变成了新的一样。 考查非谓语动词。句子所用结构为：spend+时间段+(in) doing sth“花费一段时间做某事”。故选C。 55．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）—What for? Your boss didn’t set a deadline for your report on the experiment, did he? — ________ it done before it is too late. God knows what will happen in the next few months. A．Get B．Getting C．To get D．To be getting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么？你的老板没有为你的实验报告设定最后期限，是吗？——为了在为时已晚之前完成它。天知道接下来几个月会发生什么。 考查非谓语动词。根据“What for”以及“it done before it is too late”可知此处表示是为了在为时已晚之前完成它，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选C。 56．（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）How about ________ to English radio programs every day if you want to improve your listening skills? A．listen B．to listen C．listened D．listening 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的听力，每天听英语广播节目怎么样？ 考查非谓语动词。how about doing sth. 意为 “做某事怎么样”，故选D。 57．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）More attention should be paid ________ a good habit of reading effectively. A．to develop B．for developing C．to developing D．in developing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：应该更加注意有效地培养良好的阅读习惯。 考查动词短语。根据“Much attention should be paid”可知此处是短语pay attention to doing sth.“注意做某事”。故选C。 58．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The transportation will improve a lot in the near future, with another two bridges ________ over the Huangpu River. A．to be constructed B．to construct C．being constructed D．constructing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在不久的将来，黄浦江上将再建两座桥梁，交通将得到很大改善。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，动词construct和主语another two bridges之间是被动关系，结合“in the near future”可知，这个动作是发生在将来，应用不定式的被动语态，表示将来发生的事情，故选A。 59．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）_______ by the brilliance of his speech, Mary determined to practice speaking English every morning. A．Impressing B．Be impressed C．Having impressed D．Impressed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玛丽被他的精彩演讲所打动，决心每天早上练习说英语。 考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词determined，此处用非谓语，排除B；且句子主语Mary和impress“使印象深刻”是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作状语。故选D。 60．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）One of his ambitions ____ around the world. A．is sail B．is to sail C．are sailing D．are to sail 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的雄心壮志之一是环游世界。 考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。主语是One of his ambitions，be动词用is，排除CD；此处作表语用动词不定式。故选B。 61．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）With the help of your computer, you can read about famous people from history, and even listen to them ________. A．spoken B．to speak C．speaking D．speaks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在电脑的帮助下，你可以阅读历史上的名人，甚至听他们说话。 考查非谓语动词。speak“说话”，listen to sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”，故选C。 62．（19-20九年级下·上海·单元测试）When I walked beside the fields, I saw the farmers ________ busily. A．harvest B．harvested C．to harvest D．harvesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我走在田野旁时，我看到农民们正忙着收割。 考查现在分词作宾语补足语。harvest收割，动词原形；harvested收割，过去式或过去分词；to harvest收割，动词不定式；harvesting收割，动名词或现在分词。根据“When I walked beside the fields”可知此处应用动词短语see sb doing sth表示“看到某人正在做某事”。故选D。 63．（2023·上海长宁·二模）I’m sorry I have kept you ________ for such a long time. The traffic was terrible. A．waiting B．wait C．waited D．to wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对不起，我让你等了这么长时间。交通非常糟糕。 考查现在分词作宾补。waiting动词现在分词/动名词；wait等待，动词。waited动词过去式/过去分词；to wait动词不定式。根据语境可知，交通很拥堵，可推测此处是让对方一直等待了很长时间，keep sb doing sth表示“使某人一直做某事”，使役动词keep后需填现在分词，作宾补，waiting“等待”为动词wait的现在分词。故选A。 64．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）My house requires ________, so I must have it ________. A．painted, painting B．painting, painting C．painting, painted D．painted, painted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的房子需要粉刷，所以我必须把它粉刷一下。 考查非谓语动词。require doing“需要被做”，此处是主动表被动；第二个句子中有谓语动词，it指代“my house”，和paint之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词作宾补。故选C。 65．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）There are altogether some 200 people in our village, the old people and children _________. A．including B．included C．are included D．are including 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们村总共有200人左右，包括老人和孩子。 考查非谓语动词。根据“There are altogether some 200 people in our village, …the old people and children .”可知，the old people and children和include是被动关系，因此此处应用动词过去分词形式。故选B。 66．（22-23九年级下·全国·课时练习）Please play with her and don’t let her feel _________. A．leave out B．leaving out C．to leave out D．left out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请和她一起玩，不要让她觉得被冷落了。 考查非谓语动词。feel left out“觉得被冷落”，此处使用过去分词短语作表语，故选D。 67．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）The broken car requires ________. I wonder where to have it ________. A．fixed; fixing B．fixed; fixed C．fixing; fixing D．fixing; fixed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这辆破车需要修理。 我想知道到哪里去修。 考查非谓语动词。第一空考查require doing表示“需要被做”，主语是物，表示被动意义，故用fixing；第二空have sth. done表示“让某物被做”，故用fixed。故选D。 68．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The small town, _________ other places by high-speed trains, gets to be popular recently. A．connect to B．connected to C．connected D．connects to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小镇最近通过高铁与其他地方相连，变得很受欢迎。 考查过去分词作定语。connect to连接，为固定短语。设空处和“other places by high-speed trains”是作定语修饰“town”，且之间表示被动关系，需用过去分词形式，排除A和D。故选B。 69．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）The old radio requires ________, so you’d better have it ________ soon. A．repairing; repaired B．to repair; repaired C．to be repaired; repair D．to repair; repair 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这台旧收音机需要修理，所以你最好尽快把它修好。 考查非谓语动词。require doing sth“某事需要被做”，sth. requires to be done“某事需要被做”；第二空是固定短语have sth done“使某事被做”，故选A。 70．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Please give this book to a boy ________ Zhang Ming. A．call B．called C．calling D．to call 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请把这本书给一个叫张明的男孩。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，作后置定语，a boy与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式。故选B。 命题点二：考查非谓语动词与词性转换 1．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）You’d better avoid (go) out alone after it is dark. 【答案】going 【详解】句意：天黑后你最好避免独自外出。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填going。 2．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Experts advise parents (communicate) more with their children after work. 【答案】to communicate 【详解】句意：专家建议父母下班后多与孩子交流。根据空前的“advise”可知，此处考查固定表达“advise sb. to do sth.”，意为“建议某人做某事”，所以空处要用动词不定式“to communicate”。故填to communicate。 3．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）All the information is on television. It’s not really worth (buy) a newspaper. 【答案】buying 【详解】句意：所有的信息都在电视上。买报纸真不值得。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，空处用buy的动名词形式。故填buying。 4．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）The government has promised (create) more jobs for young people. 【答案】to create 【详解】句意：政府承诺为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。考查promised to do sth.“承诺做某事”，所以填动词不定式。故填to create。 5．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Where there is a will, there is a way. You should trust yourself instead of (lose) heart. 【答案】losing 【详解】句意：有志者事竟成。你应该相信自己，而不是灰心。of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。lose的动名词形式是losing，故填losing。 6．（24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）We should pay great attention to (improve) our listening skills. 【答案】improving 【详解】句意：我们应该非常重视提高我们的听力技巧。improve“提高”，动词。结合提示词和题干可知，本题应使用短语pay attention to doing sth.“注意做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动词ing形式。故填improving。 7．（24-25九年级上·上海崇明·期中）To a new picture, the painter has stayed in his studio for a month. (creative) 【答案】create 【详解】句意：为了创作一幅新画，那位画家在画室里待了一个月。根据“To … a new picture”可知，to后的空格处应填动词原形构成不定式，在句中作目的状语，“creative”的动词原形是“create”。故填create。 8．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）The boy loves his pole very much. (fish) 【答案】fishing 【详解】句意：这个男孩非常喜欢她的鱼竿。fishing pole意为“鱼竿”，动名词作定语，故填fishing。 9．（24-25九年级上·上海静安·阶段练习）Watching the train leave the platform and into the distance makes Jack feel so bad. (appear) 【答案】disappear 【详解】句意：看着火车离开站台消失在远处，杰克感觉很糟糕。根据“leave the platform”可知，此处指消失，disappear“消失”符合；分析句子结构可知，此处用省略to的不定式，作宾补，表示动作的全过程。故填disappear。 10．（23-24九年级上·上海长宁·期中）Everyone deserves the chance to and has a right to be respected. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：每个人都应该有成功的机会，都有被尊重的权利。结合“the chance to do sth.做某事的机会”是固定搭配可知，该空要填“success成功”的动词原形“succeed成功”，与空前的“to”构成不定式，作后置定语。故填succeed。 11．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The old man sent an email to about the bad service of the nursing home. (complaint) 【答案】complain 【详解】句意：老人发了一封电子邮件，抱怨养老院的服务差。complain“抱怨”，设空处为目的状语，to后填动词原形。故填complain。 12．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）To the problem, the team made a field research and did some tests. (solution) 【答案】solve 【详解】句意：为了解决这个问题，这个团队进行了实地调查并做了一些测试。solution“解决办法”，名词；此处用to do不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形solve“解决”。故填solve。 13．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Reading, as well as traveling, is one of the best ways to our mind. (rich) 【答案】enrich 【详解】句意：阅读和旅行一样，是丰富我们思想的最佳方式之一。one of the best ways to do sth“做某事的最佳方法之一”，不定式to后加rich的动词原形enrich。故填enrich。 14．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Let’s a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week. (invitation) 【答案】invite 【详解】句意：下周我们请一位消防员给我们做一场关于电气安全的讲座吧。根据“Let’s...a fireman to give us a lecture on electrical safety next week. (invitation)”可知，此处是let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，空处应填入动词原形，invitation对应的动词形式是invite“邀请”。故填invite。 15．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）The students asked the teacher to the secret of the black hole. (explanation) 【答案】explain 【详解】句意：学生们请求老师解释黑洞的秘密。explanation“解释”，名词；ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填explain。 16．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）What skills are needed to this kind of machines? (operation) 【答案】operate 【详解】句意：操作这种机器需要什么技能？空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形，结合提示词，空格处应填动词operate“操作”。故填operate。 17．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Animals this way can easily get sick, so they have to be given drugs. (keep) 【答案】kept 【详解】句意：这样饲养的动物很容易生病，所以必须给它们服用药物。句子中有谓语动词，故此处用非谓语动词，且animals和keep“饲养”之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词。故填kept。 18．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Dad, I prefer to go shopping with you instead of at home alone. (leave) 【答案】being left 【详解】句意：爸爸，我更喜欢和您一起去逛街，而不是一个人留在家里。主语I与动词leave“留下”存在被动关系，用be left表示“被留下”，介词短语instead of后接动名词作宾语。故填being left。 19．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Parents often have difficulty with their teenage children. (communicate) 【答案】communicating 【详解】句意：父母往往很难与十几岁的孩子沟通。have difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”，动名词作宾语。故填communicating。 20．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）The manager suggested thousands of pounds updating computers. (spend) 【答案】spending 【详解】句意：经理建议花费数千英镑更新电脑。suggest doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，接动名词作宾语。spend“花费”的动名词spending。故填spending。 21．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校考期中）The magician Simon can make the coin in his hand in a minute.(appear) 【答案】disappear 【详解】句意：魔术师西蒙可以让他手中的硬币在一分钟内消失。make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，make是使役动词，后面跟动词原形。根据“The magician Simon can make the coin in his hand”和所给词可知，是让硬币消失，appear“出现，呈现”，disappear“消失，不见”。故填disappear。 22．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级校联考期中）“Our job is to customers well, please keep it in mind” The manager said. (service) 【答案】serve 【详解】句意：“我们的工作是为顾客服务好，请记住这一点。”经理说。根据“our job is to...”和所给词汇，可知，此处是动词不定式作表语，应填service的动词原形。故填serve。 23．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期中）The government is planning to more jobs for the young. (creative) 【答案】create 【详解】句意：政府计划为年轻人创造更多的工作岗位。creative“有创造力的”，是形容词，其动词形式是create“创造”，plan to do sth“计划做某事”，故填create。 24．（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Don’t always try to others. It’s bad manners. （foolish） 【答案】fool 【详解】句意：不要总是试图愚弄别人。这是不礼貌的行为。try to do sth.“努力做某事”，此处用动词不定式fool“愚弄”。故填fool。 25．（2021上·上海黄浦·九年级统考期中）If your neighbors are too noisy then you have the reason for . (complaint) 【答案】complaining 【详解】句意：如果你的邻居太吵，那么你有理由抱怨。介词for后跟动名词形式，complaint为名词“抱怨”，其动词为complain，动名词为complaining，故填complaining。 26．（2023上·上海徐汇·九年级校联考期末）Our Chinese teacher often says it’s good for us to more Chinese poems. (memory) 【答案】memorize 【详解】句意：我们的语文老师经常说，多背一些中国诗歌对我们有好处。根据“it’s good for us to ... more Chinese poems”可知此处是动词不定式作真正主语，to后接memory的动词原形形式memorize，意为“记住，熟记”。故填memorize。 27．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）Look at the information board, and find the right way to the meeting room. (entrance) 【答案】enter 【详解】句意：看一下信息板，找到进入会议室的正确方法。动词不定式符号to后加动词原形，entrance的动词形式为enter“进入”。故填enter。 28．（2023·上海宝山·统考一模）Cao Chong was clever because he found a good way to an elephant. (weight) 【答案】weigh 【详解】句意：曹冲很聪明，因为他找到了一个称大象体重的好方法。此处是固定用法，a way to do sth“做某事的方法”，weight“重量”，名词，动词是weigh“称……的重量”。故填weigh。 29．（2023·上海崇明·统考一模）I wonder how to start and the new washing machine. （operation） 【答案】operate 【详解】句意：我想知道如何启动和操作这台新洗衣机。根据start可知，此空应填动词原形，operation是名词，对应的动词是operate“操作”，故填operate。 30．（2023·上海长宁·统考一模）The government plans to more jobs for young people this year. (creative) 【答案】create 【详解】句意：政府计划今年为年轻人创造更多就业机会。creative“具有创造力的”。根据“The government plans to...more jobs”可知，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，此处应表示“计划创造更多就业机会”，故空格处应用动词原形，“创造”create。故填create。 31．（2021·上海·模拟预测）They killed four policemen while they were trying to a bank. (robbery) 【答案】rob 【详解】句意：他们在试图抢劫银行时打死了四名警察。固定搭配：try to do sth“试图做某事”，此空应填动词，robbery是名词，其对应的动词是rob，故填rob。 32．（2023·上海杨浦·校考）Remember to _______ your notes very carefully before giving a speech. (organization) 【答案】organize 【详解】句意：演讲前记住仔细整理笔记。remember to do sth.“记住做某事”，故空格处应是动词原形；organization“组织”，名词；organize“组织”，动词。故填organize。 33．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）It took a few ambulances to ________ the injured to the nearby hospital. (transportation) 【答案】transport 【详解】句意：几辆救护车将伤员送往附近的医院。不定式符号to后加动词原形，transportation的动词形式为transport“运送”，故填transport。 34．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Without hard work, no one can expect to ________ in doing anything great. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：不努力工作，没有人能指望成功做任何伟大的事情。expect to do sth.“指望做某事”，to后接动词原形构成动词不定式，success的动词形式succeed，意为“成功”。故填succeed。 35．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Reading is one of the most powerful ways to ________ our knowledge. (rich) 【答案】enrich 【详解】句意：阅读是丰富我们知识的最有力的方式之一。to后加动词原形，rich的动词为enrich“丰富”，故填enrich。 36．（2023·上海闵行一模）He didn’t know how he could get to his new school on time. (改为简单句) He didn’t know ________ ________ get to his new school on time. 【答案】     how     to 【详解】句意：他不知道怎样才能准时到达新学校。原句为how引导的宾语从句，改为简单句可用“疑问词how+动词不定式”结构作宾语。故填how；to。 37．（2022·上海普陀二模）She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday. (改为简单句) She has no idea ___________ ___________ go for a trip this summer holiday. 【答案】     where     to 【详解】句意：她不知道这个假期她去哪里旅游。宾语从句的简化：特殊疑问词+to+do，原句特殊疑问词where，后面加to。故填where；to。 38．（2022·上海崇明模拟预测）Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简单句） Jane wonders ________ ________ buy some vegetables online during the special days. 【答案】     how     to 【详解】句意：Jane想知道如何在这特殊的日子里在网上买一些蔬菜。原句是how引导的宾语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语。故填how；to。 39．（2022·上海黄浦二模）“You should have your temperature taken first,” said the doctor to me. (改为间接引语) The doctor advised me ________ _____________my temperature taken first. 【答案】to have 【详解】句意：医生对我说:“你应该先量一下体温。”对某人说应该做某事，也可说成advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”。故填to have。 40．（2022·上海崇明·模拟）them, the unusual stone, took, a lot of time, it, to research（连词成句） ______________________________________________________________. 【答案】It took them a lot of time to research the unusual stone 【详解】固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth“花费某人一段时间做某事”；took“花费”；a lot of time“大量的时间”；research the unusual stone“研究不同寻常的石头”。故填It took them a lot of time to research the unusual stone“他们花了很多时间研究这块不寻常的石头”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$