专题07 被动语态高频考点 -备战2025年中考英语真题题源解密（上海专用）

专题07 被动语态 上海中考对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不同时态的被动语态 1.被动语态的基本形式 2.不同时态的被动语态 3. 含情态动词被动语态 4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 5.被动语态在句子改写中运用 1. 不同时态的被动语态基本构成形式，在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。 2. 主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 含情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 ►考向一、 被动语态单选题 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 易错点总结（常考点） 1）在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。 If l am given enough time, I will do it better. 给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。 2）固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。 Such a bad habit should be got rid of. 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。（of 不可以省去的） 3）有些动词如write, read, sell，wash, open等当强调动作执行情况时, 有被动语态; 当用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态。 The computers were sold out, because they sell well. 电脑被卖光了，因为它们卖得好。 The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 4）在“too…to…”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 The problem is too difficult to work out. 5）常见的被动语态的句型搭配 据说..... It is said that ... 据报导.. It is reported that ... 据推测..... It is supposed that ... 希望.... It is hoped that ... 众所周知..... It is well known that ... 普遍认为..... It is generally considered that ... 有人建议..... It is suggested that 【真题链接】 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 5．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 6．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 7．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 8．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ________ to be smart. A．say B．is said C．says D．are said 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 10．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A．plant B．are planted C．were planted D．have planted 11．（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A．names B．named C．was named D．has named 12．（2024·河北·中考真题）Emma got excited when her writing ________ as a model in class. A．reads B．read C．is read D．was read 13．（2024·安徽·中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 14．（2024·江西·中考真题）Ted preferred pop music when he ________ about his favorite music in the interview. A．was asked B．asked C．is asked D．asks 15．（2024·云南·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world these days. A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 16．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 17．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. — Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A．completes B．is completed C．was completed D．will be completed 18．（2024·四川成都·中考真题）What exciting news! The 2025 World Games ________ in Chengdu. A．was held B．is held C．will be held 19．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming. —Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year. A．was held B．is held C．will be held 20．（2024·福建·中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A．will be taken B．are taking C．were taken 21．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．will be celebrated 22．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned 23．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A．was solved B．solves C．will be solved 24．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 25．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year A．have planted B．plant C．are planted 26．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world. A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks 27．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—More and more young people like to wear Hanfu. —Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong. A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced 28．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent ►考向二、 句型转换中的被动语态 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 语态转换时所注意的问题 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. A new computer have been bought. （错误） 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. T he problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather 4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。 (1) We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean. (2) She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions. 注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。 We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar. 5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody,作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。 Nobody can answer this question. 误：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：The question can not be answered by anybody. 6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。 They haven't done anything to make the river clean. 误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean. 正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首： Who wrote the story? 误：Who was the story written? 正：By whom was the story written? 8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。 (1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比：The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句) 9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句： 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。 (1)— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。 He entered the room and got his book. 误：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 误：Her hand was had burned. 第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。 The fire broke out in the capital building. 误：The fire was broke out in the capital building. 第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误：The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained. 第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语， 如：I taught myself English. 误：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 误：Each other is loved. 教材中与被动语态相关的句型 1.be covered with被……覆盖 2.be made of由……制作(发生物理变化) be made from由……制作(发生化学变化) be made in由(某地)制造 be made by被(某人)制造 3.be used for被用来…… be used as被当作(作为)……来使用 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 4.It is said that...据说…… It is hoped that...希望…… It is well known that...众所周知……例如： 几种特殊的被动语态 1.带不定式的被动语态。 The child is sure to be punished for that. 那个孩子肯定会因为那件事受罚的。 2. 带介词的动词短语的被动语态。 Such a thing has never been heard of. 这件事前所未闻。 3. 带副词的动词短语的被动语态。 The radio has just been turned off. 收音机刚刚被关上。 4. 当sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write等动词若有状语well, easily, badly来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。 The pen writes well. 这枝钢笔写字流畅。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 形式为主动，意义为被动。(中考难点) 1.由少数及物动词转化来的不及物动词(sell, clean, wash, cut, drive, wear, write等)，当句子的主语为物时，可用主动形式表被动意义。 The car drives well. The cloth washes easily. 2.在be worth doing, need doing中，主语是物，doing表示被动意义。 The book is worth reading. The tree needs watering. 3.形容词 cheap, dangerous, important, comfortable, interesting等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。 The old lady is easy to get along with. The question is difficult to answer. 4.感官动词look, sound, taste, smell, feel等，主动语态表被动意义。 You look unhappy. The cake tastes delicious. 【点睛】 一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have(has)done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall(will)do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall(will)be doing。 现在完成时，被动 have(has)been done。 现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。 一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 【真题链接】 （2023·上海中考真题） The professor expressed a different opinion on the use of shared bikes. (改为被动语态) A different opinion_________ _________ by the professor on the use of shared bikes. （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 一、单项选择 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 2．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 3．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 4．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 5．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 6．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 7．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 8．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 9．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 10．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）After Fengxian Museum ________, it became a new tourist attraction. A．completed B．completes C．is completed D．was completed 11．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world. A．is recognized B．was recognized C．has been recognized D．will be recognized 12．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期末）The 2024 Olympic Games _________ in Paris, France from July 26 to August 11, 2024. A．are held B．were held C．will be held D．have been held 13．（23-24九年级上·上海金山·期末）The closing ceremony of 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in October, 2023. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 14．（23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末）More and more new schools ________ in the area in the past few years. A．built B．were built C．have built D．have been built 15．（23-24九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）Last month, about 11, 000 green seats ________ from recycled plastic in this factory. A．is produced B．was produced C．were produced D．have been produced 16．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Sorry sir, your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes. A．canceled B．is canceled C．was canceled D．will be canceled 17．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year. A．have sent B．are sent C．were sent D．send 18．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest ________ for future use. A．save B．saves C．are saved D．is saved 19．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 20．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Food can be well ________ in the refrigerator in summer. A．protected B．preserved C．preferred D．prevented 21．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Lucy as well as her brother ________ very hard and ________ a prize this year. A．studies, is awarded B．study, are awarded C．studies, awards D．study, award 22．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）English _______ by most people in the country. A．speaks B．is speaking C．can speak D．is spoken 23．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________. A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished 24．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）My house requires ________, so I must have it ________. A．painted, painting B．painting, painting C．painting, painted D．painted, painted 25．（22-23九年级上·上海嘉定·期末）A high-tech ship ________ after the Mayflower that set sail from Plymouth in 1620. A．names B．was named C．named D．is named 26．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）Many graduates ________ to celebrate the 100th birthday of our school last week. A．invited B．will be invited C．were invited D．had invited 27．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）It’ll be a great honor if I ________ to the charity evening party next week. A．invite B．will invite C．will be invited D．am invited 28．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Hangzhou Asian Games ________ in September and in October, 2023. A．took place B．are held C．were taken place D．held 29．（23-24九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）Don’t worry. Your package ________ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A．kept B．was keeping C．has been kept D．will be kept 30．（2024·上海闵行·一模）Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week. A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung 二、句型转换 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）The teacher caught Simon copying others’ answers in the English exam. (改为被动语态) Simon copying others’ answers in the English exam. 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）This university invites a few graduates to give speeches to the students every year. (改为被动语态) A few graduates by this university to give speeches to the students every year. 3．（2024·上海宝山·二模）The headmaster introduced two scientists to the students last month.   (改为被动语态) Two scientists to the students by the headmaster last month. 4．（2024·上海静安·二模）This book describes the various threats to the environment. （改为被动语态） The various threats to the environment by this book. 5．（2024·上海崇明·二模）We use electricity to light streets, warm people and drive trains.（改为被动语态） Electricity to light streets, warm people and drive trains. 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Solar or wind power drives the newly designed electric cars. (改为被动语态) The newly designed electric cars by solar or wind power. 7．（2024·上海金山·二模）The organization held a charity sale for the people in the earthquake. (改为被动语态) A charity sale for the people in the earthquake by the organization. 8．（2024·上海松江·二模）Most people use smart phones to pay in China nowadays. (改为被动语态) Smart phones to pay in China nowadays by most people. 9．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The judges chose Nina as the winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year. (改为被动语态) Nina as the winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year by the judges. 10．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Liu Cixin wrote the science fiction Three-Body Problem. (改为被动语态) The science fiction Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin. 11．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Ms Wang always advises us to develop good learning habits. (改为被动语态) We always by Ms Wang to develop good learning habits. 12．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Someone stole my mobile phone when I was travelling on the train. (改为被动语态) My mobile phone by someone when I was travelling on the train. 13．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Randy took some heavy coats to keep warm in cold weather.（改为被动语态） Some heavy coats by Randy to keep warm in cold weather. 14．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）The Shanghai government sends many teachers to Yunnan province every year to support the education there. (改为被动语态) Many teachers to Yunnan province every year to support the education there by the Shanghai government. 15．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The tech company chose some smart robots for display at the ceremony.（改为被动语态） Some smart robots for display by the tech company at the ceremony. 16．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The government set strict limits to improve food safety. (改为被动语态) Strict limits to improve food safety by the government. 17．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）In those days, people burned a fire to send a message. (改为被动语态) In those days, a fire to send a message. 18．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）People have passed down the fable for a lot of centuries. (改为被动语态) The fable passed down for a lot of centuries. 19．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The photographer took many excellent photos last year. (改为被动语态) Many excellent photos by the photographer last year. 20．（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）The cute Baymax from Big Hero 6 attracted people of different ages to this cartoon film. (改为被动语态) People of different ages    by the cute Baymax from Big Hero 6 to this cartoon film. 21．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）We should pay great attention to home safety. (改为被动语态) Great attention should to home safety. 22．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）The fisherman pushes the cormorants into the water to catch fish. (改为被动语态) The cormorants into the water by the fisherman to catch fish. 23．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）The government planted many trees to protect the environment. (改为被动语态) Many trees to protect the environment by the government. 24．（2024·上海松江·一模）We can train some kinds of dogs to guide blind people. (改为被动语态) Some kinds of dogs can to guide blind people. 25．（2024·上海崇明·一模）They can solve the problems of the motor vehicles this month. (改为被动语态) The problems of the motor vehicles can this month. 26．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Nowadays, people use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态) Nowadays, smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. 27．（23-24九年级上·上海杨浦·期末）I delivered the message to your office this morning. (改为被动语态) The message to your office this morning. 28．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期末）He tells stories in pictures with speech and thought bubbles. (改为被动语态) Stories by him in pictures with speech and thought bubbles. 29．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）The scientific community discovered a new planet in 2022. (改为被动语态) A new planet by the scientific community in 2022. 30．（23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末）The president of the university gave some advice to the graduates. (改为被动语态) Some advice to the graduates by the president of the university. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 被动语态 上海中考对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以帮助同学们高效复习。 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不同时态的被动语态 1.被动语态的基本形式 2.不同时态的被动语态 3. 含情态动词被动语态 4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 5.被动语态在句子改写中运用 1. 不同时态的被动语态基本构成形式，在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。 2. 主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 含情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 ►考向一、 被动语态单选题 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 易错点总结（常考点） 1）在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。 If l am given enough time, I will do it better. 给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。 2）固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。 Such a bad habit should be got rid of. 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。（of 不可以省去的） 3）有些动词如write, read, sell，wash, open等当强调动作执行情况时, 有被动语态; 当用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态。 The computers were sold out, because they sell well. 电脑被卖光了，因为它们卖得好。 The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 4）在“too…to…”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 The problem is too difficult to work out. 5）常见的被动语态的句型搭配 据说..... It is said that ... 据报导.. It is reported that ... 据推测..... It is supposed that ... 希望.... It is hoped that ... 众所周知..... It is well known that ... 普遍认为..... It is generally considered that ... 有人建议..... It is suggested that 【真题链接】 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。 A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是“被装修”，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。… ago多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态；主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。 考查被动语态。根据“very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句是被动语态，故此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。 5．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A和B选项；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。 6．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。 7．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校大礼堂将举办一场时装秀。——太棒了！我很期待。 考查时态和语态。主语A fashion show和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“next week”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 8．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ________ to be smart. A．say B．is said C．says D．are said 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国文化中，猴年出生的孩子被认为很聪明。 考查时态和语态。句子主语是children，和谓语say之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be said to“据说”，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 10．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A．plant B．are planted C．were planted D．have planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，每年都要种很多树。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语trees和动词plant“种植”之间是被动关系，结合“every year”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 11．（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A．names B．named C．was named D．has named 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为“人民艺术家”。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为“人民艺术家”，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。 12．（2024·河北·中考真题）Emma got excited when her writing ________ as a model in class. A．reads B．read C．is read D．was read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当艾玛的作品在课堂上被当作模范朗读时，她很兴奋。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“Emma got excited”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done。故选D。 13．（2024·安徽·中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于今年7月举行。不要错过。 考查被动语态。主语Olympic Games和动词hold“举行”之间是被动关系，结合“this July.”和“The 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done，故选D。 14．（2024·江西·中考真题）Ted preferred pop music when he ________ about his favorite music in the interview. A．was asked B．asked C．is asked D．asks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在采访中被问及最喜欢的音乐时，泰德更喜欢流行音乐。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。 15．（2024·云南·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world these days. A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在世界上讲汉语的人越来越多了。 考查一般现在时被动语态。句中的主语Chinese和speak是动宾关系，故用被动。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are done，主语为Chinese，be动词用is。故选C。 16．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A．use B．used C．are used D．were used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2023年亚运会期间，机器狗首次被用作志愿者。 考查时态和语态。主语Robot dogs和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“during the 2023 Asian Games.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。 17．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. — Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A．completes B．is completed C．was completed D．will be completed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆，连接泸州和重庆的高速铁路有望在今年建成。——太棒了！我很期待！ 考查动词时态及被动语态。主语the high-speed railway与动词complete之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，高铁被建成，应为被动语态。根据“this year hopefully”及“I’m looking forward to it!”可知，高铁建成发生在将来，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 18．（2024·四川成都·中考真题）What exciting news! The 2025 World Games ________ in Chengdu. A．was held B．is held C．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息！2025年世界运动会将在成都举行。 考查被动语态。根据“The 2025 World Games”可知，2025年世界运动会的举行发生在将来，此处应为一般将来时的被动语态，结构是will be done。故选C。 19．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming. —Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year. A．was held B．is held C．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——第33届夏季奥运会即将到来。——是的。它将于今年7月26日至8月11日在巴黎举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语与“hold”是被动关系，结合“from July 26th to August 11th this year”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 20．（2024·福建·中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A．will be taken B．are taking C．were taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：照片很漂亮。我想知道它们在哪里拍的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 21．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．will be celebrated 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道春节在2024年成为联合国的浮动假日吗？——是的。如今，全世界都在广泛庆祝春节。 考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“nowadays”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语与动词celebrate之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。 22．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——鲍勃，你的房间太脏了。必须每天清扫一下。——好的。妈妈，我现在就去。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态be done，must后用动词原形，故选B。 23．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A．was solved B．solves C．will be solved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这些年来，乐山的污染越来越少。——政府在这方面做了很大的努力。我相信这个问题未来总有一天会得到解决。 考查动词时态。此处主语“this problem”与“解决”之间应是被动关系，且结合“in the future”可知是指未来，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，形式为will be done。故选C。 24．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——交通比以前更方便了。——是的。去年在这条河上又建了一座桥。 考查被动语态。主语Another bridge和谓语build之间是被动关系，根据“last year”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 25．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year A．have planted B．plant C．are planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保护环境，在我们国家每年有越来越多的树被种植。 考查被动语态。trees和plant之间是被动关系，即“树被种植”，所以要用被动语态be done的形式。选项C是一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知要用一般现在时，所以应选are planted。故选C。 26．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world. A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我为中文是世界上最多人说的语言而感到自豪。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语“Chinese”和谓语动词的关系可知，中文作为语言是被说的，应用被动语态；句子陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时被动语态“is spoken”。故选B。 27．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—More and more young people like to wear Hanfu. —Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong. A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——越来越多的年轻人喜欢穿汉服。——是的。据说大部分中国传统服装都产自山东菏泽。 考查被动语态。主语“most of the Chinese traditional clothes”和动词“produce”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选C。 28．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国产的茶叶每年运往许多不同的国家和地方。 考查被动语态和过去分词用法。tea与send之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，is sent。此处用make的过去分词made作后置定语，修饰tea。故选C。 ►考向二、 句型转换中的被动语态 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 语态转换时所注意的问题 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. A new computer have been bought. （错误） 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. 注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The patient is being operated on. T he problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather 4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。 (1) We always keep the classroom clean. →The classroom is always kept clean. (2) She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions. 注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。 We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar. 5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody,作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。 Nobody can answer this question. 误：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：The question can not be answered by anybody. 6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。 They haven't done anything to make the river clean. 误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean. 正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首： Who wrote the story? 误：Who was the story written? 正：By whom was the story written? 8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。 (1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比：The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句) 9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句： 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。 (1)— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful. 第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。 He entered the room and got his book. 误：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 误：Her hand was had burned. 第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。 The fire broke out in the capital building. 误：The fire was broke out in the capital building. 第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误：The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained. 第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语， 如：I taught myself English. 误：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 误：Each other is loved. 教材中与被动语态相关的句型 1.be covered with被……覆盖 2.be made of由……制作(发生物理变化) be made from由……制作(发生化学变化) be made in由(某地)制造 be made by被(某人)制造 3.be used for被用来…… be used as被当作(作为)……来使用 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 4.It is said that...据说…… It is hoped that...希望…… It is well known that...众所周知……例如： 几种特殊的被动语态 1.带不定式的被动语态。 The child is sure to be punished for that. 那个孩子肯定会因为那件事受罚的。 2. 带介词的动词短语的被动语态。 Such a thing has never been heard of. 这件事前所未闻。 3. 带副词的动词短语的被动语态。 The radio has just been turned off. 收音机刚刚被关上。 4. 当sell, wash, clean, run, ride, wear, write等动词若有状语well, easily, badly来修饰时，用主动形式表达被动意义。 The pen writes well. 这枝钢笔写字流畅。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 形式为主动，意义为被动。(中考难点) 1.由少数及物动词转化来的不及物动词(sell, clean, wash, cut, drive, wear, write等)，当句子的主语为物时，可用主动形式表被动意义。 The car drives well. The cloth washes easily. 2.在be worth doing, need doing中，主语是物，doing表示被动意义。 The book is worth reading. The tree needs watering. 3.形容词 cheap, dangerous, important, comfortable, interesting等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。 The old lady is easy to get along with. The question is difficult to answer. 4.感官动词look, sound, taste, smell, feel等，主动语态表被动意义。 You look unhappy. The cake tastes delicious. 【点睛】 一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。 完成时态have(has)done，被动将been加中间。 一般将来shall(will)do，被动变do为be done。 将来进行无被动，shall(will)be doing。 现在完成时，被动 have(has)been done。 现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。 一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 【真题链接】 （2023·上海中考真题） The professor expressed a different opinion on the use of shared bikes. (改为被动语态) A different opinion_________ _________ by the professor on the use of shared bikes. 【答案】 ①. was ②. expressed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位教授对共享自行车的使用表达了不同的看法。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，被动语态主语是“A different opinion”，be动词用was。故填was；expressed。 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. 【答案】 ①. was ②. discovered 【解析】 【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。故填was；discovered。 （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. 【答案】were saved 【详解】 句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients' lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。 （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. 【答案】were attracted 【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。 （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. 【答案】 (1). was (2). released 【解析】 The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.意思是“科学家们于10年4月10日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片。”这里是改为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是The picture of a black hole，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填was released。 （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. 【答案】be held 【解析】原句为一般将来时，改为被动语态后使用 be 动词原形，hold 改为过去分词 held。 （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． 【答案】is organized 【解析】句意：﹣﹣当地政府每年秋天组织电影节．﹣﹣电影节每年秋天由当地政府组织． 考查被动语态．由organizes 组织，第三人称单数，可知是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词．主语是The film festival电影节，单数，因此用be动词单数is．organize的过去分词是organized．答案是is organized．　 （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 【答案】     was     invented 【详解】句意；上学期一个中学生发明了一种新的机器人。被动语态的结构是be done，原句中invented是动词过去式，故改为一般过去式被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；invented。 一、单项选择 1．（2024·上海静安·二模）Grandpa never received my birthday gift. I’m afraid it ________ to the wrong address. A．delivers B．delivered C．be delivered D．was delivered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爷爷从未收到过我的生日礼物。恐怕是寄错地址了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“it”指代“birthday gift”，与动词deliver“递送”是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境可知，句子为一般过去时，故应用“was+过去分词”的结构，表示一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 2．（2024·上海金山·二模）If Kitty another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果再给Kitty30分钟，我想她能完成这幅油画。 考查动词时态和语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语Kitty和谓语give之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。 3．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）A new kindergarten _________ in the local area in the coming year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明年将会有一所新的幼儿园在本地建造。 考查被动语态。is built被建立，为一般现在时的被动语态；was built过去被建立，为一般过去时的被动语态；has been built，已经被建立，为现在完成时的被动语态；will be built将被建立，为一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the coming year”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，主语A new kindergarten是动作build的承受者，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be +done。故选D。 4．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Our school sports meeting ________ next month. Now we’re all looking forward to it. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．has been held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校下个月将召开运动会。现在我们都很期待。 考查时态。is held一般现在时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去的被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态。根据空后的“next month”可知，时态应用一般将来时。故选B。 5．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）It is reported that a new supermarket _______ in our community in about two years. A．be opened B．has been opened C．was opened D．will be opened 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，两年后我们社区将会建一个新超市。 考查时态和语态。根据“in about two years”可知，要用一般将来时，且“supermarket”与“open”之间是被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。 6．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）It is reported that the third airport ________ in Shanghai in two years. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，上海将在两年内建造第三个机场。 考查时态和语态。根据“in two years”可知，表示两年内将要发生的动作，用一般将来时态，主语airport是谓语动词build的承受者，应用一般将来时被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态结构为wii+be+done。故选D。 7．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）I’m not sure whether the newspaper _____________once a week or not. A．has published B．will publish C．is published D．publishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不确定这份报纸是否每周出版一次。 考查被动语态。主语newspaper和动词publish之间是被动关系，结合“once a week”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。 8．（2024·上海松江·一模）The sea _________ if people keep throwing wastes into it. A．is polluted B．was polluted C．has been polluted D．will be polluted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果人们不停地往海里扔垃圾，大海就会被污染。 考查被动语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，故此处主句用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 9．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Many graduates ________ by the headmaster to celebrate the school’s 80 birthday last month. A．invited B．have invited C．were invited D．were inviting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多毕业生上个月受校长邀请为学校庆祝80岁生日。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invited邀请，一般过去时；have invited已经邀请，现在完成时；were invited被邀请，一般过去时的被动语态。were inviting正在邀请，过去进行时。根据句意，结合“Many graduates…by the headmaster”可知，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，表示毕业生被邀请，结合“last month”可知，本句是一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构：was/were+过去分词。主语graduates是复数，所以be动词用were。故选C。 10．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）After Fengxian Museum ________, it became a new tourist attraction. A．completed B．completes C．is completed D．was completed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：奉贤博物馆建成后，它成为了新的旅游胜地。 考查动词的时态和语态。“Fengxian Museum”和“complete”是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，排除选项A和B；根据“it became…”可知此处应用一般过去时“was completed”。故选D。 11．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world. A．is recognized B．was recognized C．has been recognized D．will be recognized 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从她赢得这场比赛以来，她就被公认为是世界上最好的网球运动员之一。 考查时态语态。根据“Since she won the match,”可知，本句应使用现在完成时，再根据句意可知，主语和谓语之间是被动关系。故选C。 12．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期末）The 2024 Olympic Games _________ in Paris, France from July 26 to August 11, 2024. A．are held B．were held C．will be held D．have been held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2024年奥运会将于2024年7月26日至8月11日在法国巴黎举办。 考查被动语态。根据“from July 26 to August 11, 2024”可知，时间状语表示将来的时间，应该用一般将来时；主语“The 2024 Olympic Games”与动词hold存在被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选C。 13．（23-24九年级上·上海金山·期末）The closing ceremony of 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in October, 2023. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：第19届亚运会闭幕式于2023年10月在杭州举行。 考查动词的时态及语态。根据“in Hangzhou in October, 2023.”可知该句是一般过去时，“The closing ceremony of 19th Asian Games”与谓语动词“hold”之间存在被动关系，因此设空处使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 14．（23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末）More and more new schools ________ in the area in the past few years. A．built B．were built C．have built D．have been built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：过去几年，该地区建造了越来越多的新学校。 考查时态和语态。built是一般过去时；were built是一般过去时，被动语态；have built是现在完成时；have been built是现在完成时，被动语态。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知，此处用现在完成时，结合“schools”和“build”存在被动关系，现在完成时被动语态结构为have/has been done，主语schools是复数，故选D。 15．（23-24九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）Last month, about 11, 000 green seats ________ from recycled plastic in this factory. A．is produced B．was produced C．were produced D．have been produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月，在这个工厂里从回收塑料里面大约一万一千个绿色椅子被生产出来。 考查一般过去式的被动语态。根据“Last month, about 11, 000 green seats”可知，此处seats和produce构成逻辑上的动宾关系，结合本句时态是一般过去时可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语seats是复数，be动词用were。故选C。 16．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Sorry sir, your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes. A．canceled B．is canceled C．was canceled D．will be canceled 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对不起，先生，如果您在15分钟内不付款，您的订单将被取消。 考查条件状语从句和被动语态。根据“if you fail to…”可知，此句属于含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，遵循主将从现原则，从句谓语“fail to pay for…”为一般现在时，则主句应用一般将来时；主句主语your order与动词cancel逻辑上存在动宾关系，应用被动语态，所以此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done。故选D。 17．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·阶段练习）A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year. A．have sent B．are sent C．were sent D．send 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年，我们政府都会派大批工程师到非洲帮助那里的人民。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知，句子是一般现在时态，主语engineers与谓语动词之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选B。 18．（24-25九年级上·上海闵行·阶段练习）Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest ________ for future use. A．save B．saves C．are saved D．is saved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：简把一半的零花钱花在买书上。其余的留作将来使用。 考查动词时态和语态。The rest是指剩下的钱，相当于“money”，是不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数可排除AC选项；主语“The rest”和动词“save”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选D。 19．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里每年都种很多树，现在我们可以呼吸到更新鲜的空气了。 考查时态及语态。根据“every year”可知，句子时态用一般现在时；主语A lot of trees与谓语plant是动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语是复数，be用are。故选B。 20．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Food can be well ________ in the refrigerator in summer. A．protected B．preserved C．preferred D．prevented 【答案】B 【详解】句意：夏天食物在冰箱里可以被保存得很好。 考查动词辨析。protected保护；preserved保存；preferred更喜欢；prevented阻止。根据“Food can be well …in the refrigerator in summer.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达食物在冰箱里可以被保存得很好。故选B。 21．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Lucy as well as her brother ________ very hard and ________ a prize this year. A．studies, is awarded B．study, are awarded C．studies, awards D．study, award 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西和她的哥哥学习都很努力，今年还获了一个奖。 考查动词时态和语态用法。 as well as“和”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最远的主语保持一致，即Lucy。根据“this year”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，第一空动词用三单形式；第二空主语是谓语动词的动作承受者，应用一般现在时的被动语态is done结构。故选A。 22．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）English _______ by most people in the country. A．speaks B．is speaking C．can speak D．is spoken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：该国大多数人都说英语。 考查被动语态。speaks主动语态的一般现在时；is speaking主动语态的现在进行时；can speak含有情态动词的主动语态；is spoken一般现在时的被动语态。由于主语English与动词speak是动宾关系，所以是被动语态。故选D。 23．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________. A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的公寓装修完成后，墙上会挂一些画。 考查时态和语态。after引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，排除选项B和D；两空都是被动语态，hang的过去分词“hung”，排除A。故选C。 24．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）My house requires ________, so I must have it ________. A．painted, painting B．painting, painting C．painting, painted D．painted, painted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的房子需要粉刷，所以我必须把它粉刷一下。 考查非谓语动词。require doing“需要被做”，此处是主动表被动；第二个句子中有谓语动词，it指代“my house”，和paint之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词作宾补。故选C。 25．（22-23九年级上·上海嘉定·期末）A high-tech ship ________ after the Mayflower that set sail from Plymouth in 1620. A．names B．was named C．named D．is named 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一艘高科技船以1620年从普利茅斯启航的五月花号命名的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in 1620”可知句子时态应用一般过去时，句子的主语A high-tech ship和谓语动词name之间存在被动关系，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，用was，name的过去分词是named，故选B。 26．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）Many graduates ________ to celebrate the 100th birthday of our school last week. A．invited B．will be invited C．were invited D．had invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周许多毕业生被邀请去庆祝我们学校的100岁生日。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last week”可知，句子的时态是一般过去时，主语“Many graduates”和谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系，因此此处用一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语动词构成为was/were done。故选C。 27．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）It’ll be a great honor if I ________ to the charity evening party next week. A．invite B．will invite C．will be invited D．am invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我能被邀请参加下周的慈善晚会，那将是我莫大的荣幸。 考查宾语从句和一般现在时的被动语态。根据“It’ll be a great honor if I...to the charity evening party next week.”可知，句子是含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，时态遵从”主将从现“，主句是一般将来时，此时从句用一般现在时，从句的主语I及动词invite之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构是am/is/are done。故选D。 28．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Hangzhou Asian Games ________ in September and in October, 2023. A．took place B．are held C．were taken place D．held 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杭州亚运会于2023年9月和10月举行。 考查动词辨析及时态。take place发生，举行，无被动，排除选项C；hold举办，主语一般是人。根据“in September and in October, 2023”可知，时态为一般过去时，排除选项B；此处主语为“Hangzhou Asian Games”，如用动词hold，则与之构成被动关系，被动语态结构为“be done”，排除选项D。故选A。 29．（23-24九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）Don’t worry. Your package ________ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A．kept B．was keeping C．has been kept D．will be kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要担心，你的包裹将被保存在这儿直到你回来，所以祝您购物愉快。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语your package和动词keep之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，排除A和B；含until的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”原则，故主句使用一般将来时的被动语态，谓语结构是will be done。故选D。 30．（2024·上海闵行·一模）Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week. A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周每个教室的天花板上都挂上了纸装饰。 考查被动语态。根据last week可知，用一般过去时，主语Paper decorations与动词hang之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，hang的过去分词是hung，故选B。 二、句型转换 1．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）The teacher caught Simon copying others’ answers in the English exam. (改为被动语态) Simon copying others’ answers in the English exam. 【答案】 was caught 【详解】句意：老师发现西蒙在英语考试中抄袭别人的答案。改为被动语态，即“西蒙在英语考试中被抓到抄袭别人的答案”；时态为一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done；主语“Simon”为单数，应用was，catch的过去分词为caught。故填was；caught。 2．（2024·上海长宁·二模）This university invites a few graduates to give speeches to the students every year. (改为被动语态) A few graduates by this university to give speeches to the students every year. 【答案】 are given 【详解】句意：这所大学每年都邀请一些毕业生给学生们做演讲。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般现在时，应改为一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+过去分词，A few graduates作主语，be动词用are。故填are；given。 3．（2024·上海宝山·二模）The headmaster introduced two scientists to the students last month.   (改为被动语态) Two scientists to the students by the headmaster last month. 【答案】 were introduced 【详解】句意：校长上个月向学生们介绍了两位科学家。原句为一般过去时，改为被动语态，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为 “主语+be done +其他”。该被动语态中，主语为“Two scientists”，故be动词应使用were，introduce “介绍” 对应的过去分词是introduced。故填were；introduced。 4．（2024·上海静安·二模）This book describes the various threats to the environment. （改为被动语态） The various threats to the environment by this book. 【答案】 are described 【详解】句意：这本书描述了对环境的各种威胁。根据“describes”可知此处应改为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，describe的过去分词是described。故填are；described 。 5．（2024·上海崇明·二模）We use electricity to light streets, warm people and drive trains.（改为被动语态） Electricity to light streets, warm people and drive trains. 【答案】 is used 【详解】句意：我们用电来照亮街道、温暖人们和驱动火车。根据原句中的use可知，本题是一般现在时。use的意思是“用，使用”，是动词，electricity的意思是“电”，electricity和use之间是被动关系，故改为被动语态时，用一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态的句子结构是：主语+is/am/are+动词的过去分词+其它；electricity是不可数名词，故后面的be动词用is，use的过去分词是used。故填is；used。 6．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Solar or wind power drives the newly designed electric cars. (改为被动语态) The newly designed electric cars by solar or wind power. 【答案】were driven 【详解】句意：太阳能或风能驱动新设计的电动汽车。本句的被动表示“新设计的电动汽车是由太阳能或风能驱动的”，主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were driven。 7．（2024·上海金山·二模）The organization held a charity sale for the people in the earthquake. (改为被动语态) A charity sale for the people in the earthquake by the organization. 【答案】 was held 【详解】句意：这个组织为地震中的人们举行了一次慈善义卖。原句为一般过去时，改为被动语态时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“主语+be done+(其他)”。该被动语态中，主语为“A charity sale”，be动词应用was，held“举行”对应的过去分词为held。故填was；held。 8．（2024·上海松江·二模）Most people use smart phones to pay in China nowadays. (改为被动语态) Smart phones to pay in China nowadays by most people. 【答案】 are used 【详解】句意：现在在中国，大多数人都用智能手机支付。原句时态为一般现在时，所以应改为一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”；主语是复数，be动词用are，use过去分词为used。故填are；used。 9．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The judges chose Nina as the winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year. (改为被动语态) Nina as the winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year by the judges. 【答案】 was chosen 【详解】句意：评委们选择尼娜为年度野生动物摄影师。设空处主语是“Nina”与“choose”之间存在被动关系，应填被动语态，根据原句中的“chose”得知该句是一般过去时，主语“Nina”为单数。故填was；chosen。 10．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Liu Cixin wrote the science fiction Three-Body Problem. (改为被动语态) The science fiction Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin. 【答案】 was written 【详解】句意：刘慈欣写了科幻小说《三体》。原句为一般过去时，要改成一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语“The science fiction Three-Body Problem”为第三人称单数，be用was；动词write的过去分词为written。故填was；written。 11．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Ms Wang always advises us to develop good learning habits. (改为被动语态) We always by Ms Wang to develop good learning habits. 【答案】 are advised 【详解】句意：王老师总是建议我们养成良好的学习习惯。根据“advises”可知改写后的句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“We”后接be动词are；advise的过去分词形式advised。故填are；advised。 12．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Someone stole my mobile phone when I was travelling on the train. (改为被动语态) My mobile phone by someone when I was travelling on the train. 【答案】was stolen 【详解】句意：我在火车上旅行时有人偷了我的手机。本句为when引导的时间状语从句，改成被动语态时，根据主句“stole”可知，需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+done，主语为My mobile phone，需用was，动词steal的过去分词为stolen。故填was stolen。 13．（2024·上海普陀·二模）Randy took some heavy coats to keep warm in cold weather.（改为被动语态） Some heavy coats by Randy to keep warm in cold weather. 【答案】 were taken 【详解】句意：在寒冷的季节Randy拿了一些厚外套来保持温暖。根据“Randy took some heavy coats to keep warm in cold weather.”可知，此处是一般过去时，结合题干可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，对应的结构是was/were done，主语是复数，应用were；took对应的过去分词是taken。故填were；taken。 14．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）The Shanghai government sends many teachers to Yunnan province every year to support the education there. (改为被动语态) Many teachers to Yunnan province every year to support the education there by the Shanghai government. 【答案】are sent 【详解】句意：上海市政府每年都会向云南省派遣许多教师来支持那里的教育。主动语态是一般现在时，故此处改为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，send的过去分词是sent。故填are sent。 15．（2024·上海虹口·二模）The tech company chose some smart robots for display at the ceremony.（改为被动语态） Some smart robots for display by the tech company at the ceremony. 【答案】 were chosen 【详解】句意：这家科技公司选择了一些智能机器人在仪式上展示。根据过去式“chose”可知，原句为一般过去时，应改为一般过去时的被动语态，主语“Some smart robots”为复数，应用结构were done，choose的过去分词为chosen。故填were；chosen。 16．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）The government set strict limits to improve food safety. (改为被动语态) Strict limits to improve food safety by the government. 【答案】were set 【详解】句意：政府为提高食品安全制定了严格的限制。原句是一般过去时，因此此处是一般过去时的被动语态；主语是复数，be动词用were，动词set的过去分词是set，故填were set。 17．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）In those days, people burned a fire to send a message. (改为被动语态) In those days, a fire to send a message. 【答案】was burned/was burnt 【详解】句意：在那些日子里，人们生火来传递信息。根据“burned”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以应改为一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语是a fire，be动词应用was，burn的过去分词为burned/burnt。故填was burned/burnt。 18．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）People have passed down the fable for a lot of centuries. (改为被动语态) The fable passed down for a lot of centuries. 【答案】 has been 【详解】句意：人们把这个寓言流传了好几个世纪。改为被动语态，主语是The fable第三人称单数，时态为现在完成时，需用结构has been done，故填has；been。 19．（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）The photographer took many excellent photos last year. (改为被动语态) Many excellent photos by the photographer last year. 【答案】 were taken 【详解】句意：这位摄影师去年拍了许多优秀的照片。根据“took”可知此处改为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were，take的过去分词是taken。故填were；taken。 20．（23-24九年级下·上海青浦·阶段练习）The cute Baymax from Big Hero 6 attracted people of different ages to this cartoon film. (改为被动语态) People of different ages    by the cute Baymax from Big Hero 6 to this cartoon film. 【答案】 were attracted 【详解】句意：《超能陆战队》中可爱的大白吸引了不同年龄段的人观看这部卡通电影。根据原句可知，时态是一般过去时，所以原句改成被动语态的话，要采用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：was/were+动词过去分词，主语People表示复数，所以be动词应用were，动词attract变成attracted。故填were；attracted。 21．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）We should pay great attention to home safety. (改为被动语态) Great attention should to home safety. 【答案】 be paid 【详解】句意：我们应该非常注意家庭安全。结合should可知，这里是含有情态动词的被动语态结构：should be done，pay的过去分词为paid。故填be；paid。 22．（2024·上海嘉定·一模）The fisherman pushes the cormorants into the water to catch fish. (改为被动语态) The cormorants into the water by the fisherman to catch fish. 【答案】 are pushed 【详解】句意：渔夫把海鳗推入水中捕鱼。根据题干句子可知，句子为一般现在时，所以应改为一般现在时被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”，改为被动语态的句子主语为“The cormorants”，所以be动词用are，故填are；pushed。 23．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）The government planted many trees to protect the environment. (改为被动语态) Many trees to protect the environment by the government. 【答案】 were planted 【详解】句意：政府种了很多树来保护环境。改为被动语态，结构为：be done；主语是Many trees，复数，时态为一般过去时，be动词用were；plant“种植”，过去分词形式是planted。故填were；planted。 24．（2024·上海松江·一模）We can train some kinds of dogs to guide blind people. (改为被动语态) Some kinds of dogs can to guide blind people. 【答案】 be trained 【详解】句意：我们可以训练某些种类的狗给盲人带路。根据句中“can”一词可知，需改成含情态动词can的被动语态，其结构为can+be +动词的过去分词，train“训练”为谓语动词，其过去分词为trained。故填be；trained。 25．（2024·上海崇明·一模）They can solve the problems of the motor vehicles this month. (改为被动语态) The problems of the motor vehicles can this month. 【答案】be solved 【详解】句意：这个月他们可以解决机动车辆的问题。根据“can”可知，这里是含有情态动词can的被动语态，结构为can be done；solve的过去分词为solved。故填be solved。 26．（2024·上海宝山·一模）Nowadays, people use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态) Nowadays, smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. 【答案】 are used 【详解】句意：如今，人们用智能手机代替相机拍照。根据“people use smart phones”可知应改为一般现在时的被动语态，主语是smart phones，be动词用are，used的过去分词是used。故填are；used。 27．（23-24九年级上·上海杨浦·期末）I delivered the message to your office this morning. (改为被动语态) The message to your office this morning. 【答案】 was delivered 【详解】句意：我今天早上把信送到你的办公室了。根据“delivered”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was，动词用过去分词delivered。故填was；delivered。 28．（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期末）He tells stories in pictures with speech and thought bubbles. (改为被动语态) Stories by him in pictures with speech and thought bubbles. 【答案】 are told 【详解】句意：他用演讲和思想泡沫的图片讲故事。根据原句“He tells stories…”，而第二句改为了“stories”作主语，可知用被动语态，其结构为be+done，根据原句“tells”可知，是一般现在时，主语是stories，是复数，be动词用are。故填are；told。 29．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）The scientific community discovered a new planet in 2022. (改为被动语态) A new planet by the scientific community in 2022. 【答案】 was discovered 【详解】句意：科学界在2022年发现了一个新行星。考查主动语态和被动语态的转换。根据“discovered”可知句子时态为一般过去时，所以此处谓语动词的结构为“was/were+done”，主语A new planet为第三人称单数形式，所以be动词应用was，故填was；discovered。 30．（23-24九年级上·上海虹口·期末）The president of the university gave some advice to the graduates. (改为被动语态) Some advice to the graduates by the president of the university. 【答案】 was given 【详解】句意：大学校长给毕业生们提了一些建议。主语“Some advice”是动作“give”的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，advice是不可数名词，be动词用was。故填was；given。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$