14 2024年中国航天航空伟大新成就-备战2025年中考英语时文热点专练

14 2024年中国航天航空伟大新成就 1、 朱雀三号: 1.2024年1月19日朱雀三号可重复使用火箭垂直返回技术完成首次飞行试验。 2.2024年9月11日朱雀三号完成10公里级垂直起降返回飞行试验。 3.2025年朱雀三号计划首飞。2026年实现一子级回收复用。 2、 神舟系列 十九号： 2024年10月30日搭载神舟十九号载人飞船的长征二号F遥十九运载火箭成功发射。 一、阅读理解 A Do you know Zhuque-3 test rocket (火箭)? On Wednesday, it goes straight up and down for 10 km. It is a big step in China’s commercial space industry (商业航天领域). In reusing (重复使用) rockets, China has a long way to go. However, the Zhuque-3 test shows its team can reuse rockets and can also save a lot of money. The Zhuque-3 rocket’s maker is LandSpace, a commercial maker in China. The test means LandSpace can make more rockets and then China’s commercial space industry can send more rockets into space in the future. It also tells us its technology (技术) works well and the rockets are ready for later long flying in the future. It can be easy for people to go to space, just like taking a plane to different places today. And Chinese people could be among the first to make that dream come true. 1．When does Zhuque-3 go up and down? A．On a Monday. B．On a Tuesday. C．On a Wednesday. 2．What does the Zhuque-3 test show? ① Zhuque-3 team can save a lot of time.  ② Zhuque-3 team can save a lot of money.  ③ Zhuque-3 team can reuse rockets. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ 3．What is NOT mentioned about the future of China’s commercial space industry? A．Zhuque-3’s long flying time in the future. B．More rockets can be sent into space. C．LandSpace can make more rockets. 4．What do the words “that dream” refer to (指代)? A．To go to space. B．To take a plane. C．To reuse rockets. B What great news! On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. There are three great astronauts in it: Cai Xuze, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, the post-90s astronauts, are on their first space trips. Wang is even the first woman spaceflight engineer (工程师) in China. The astronauts entered the Tiangong space station and met the astronaut team of Shenzhou-18 last Wednesday. They lived and worked together to finish some tasks. The newcomers will stay in the space station for 6 months. There are quite a few important things to do. They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world. The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology. And behind the success, it is the hard work of Chinese astronauts and scientists. They show us that nothing is too far if we keep reaching for it. 5．Who is the group leader of Shenzhou-19? A．Cai Xuze. B．Song Lingdong. C．Wang Haoze. 6．Which task is NOT mentioned (提及) in the text? A．Doing experiments. B．Giving some space gifts. C．Puting on new special devices. 7．What can we know from the passage? A．Wang Haoze is the first woman into the space. B．China is better at space technology. C．Astronauts will only give space classes to Chinese students. 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The life of the astronauts in the space station. B．The spaceship Shenzhou-19. C．The astronauts and tasks of Shenzhou-19. C BEIJING, May 28, 2024 (Xinhua News)—The Shenzhou-18 crew (全体工作人员) completed the first spacewalk of their mission (任务) at 6:58 p.m. (Beijing Time) on Tuesday, according to the CMSA (中国载人航天局). The two members of the Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, started their spacewalk. They worked outside the Tiangong space station for nearly 8.5 hours. With the help of space equipment (设备) and a team on Earth, they successfully completed many tasks during their spacewalk, including some difficult fixing tasks. Now they have returned to the Wentian lab module (实验舱). The third crew member, Li Cong, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support. The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. This marked Ye’s second time to have a spacewalk, and his first spacewalk was in the Shenzhou-13 mission, but this is the first time for Li Guangsu to start a spacewalk. The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments (实验) and many necessary tests. And then, they will carry out more activities and do some fixing work outside the space station. The three astronauts will work on board Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA． So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all. On September 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou-7 mission made history as China’s first person to take a spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone (里程碑) by having 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew. The Shenzhou-17 members completed, for the first time, the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk, which lasted about 8 hours. 9．What is the news mainly about? A．Li Cong provided support inside the space station. B．The Shenzhou-17 crew started to carry out new tasks. C．The Shenzhou-18 crew completed the first spacewalk. D．Ye Guangfu worked outside the space station for 8.5 hours. 10．What is the new record set by the Shenzhou-18 crew? A．The longest single spacewalk. B．The most difficult fixing tasks. C．The most successful experiments. D．The highest number of spacewalks. 11．What will the three members do in their mission according to the passage? A．Planting some fruits. B．Giving lessons to students. C．Receiving education. D．Doing many necessary tests. 12．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last 3 paragraphs? A．The Shenzhou-17 crew has completed 4 spacewalks in all. B．China has made great achievements in Space Technology so far. C．Zhai Zhigang made history by taking a spacewalk for 190 minutes. D．The Shenzhou-15 crew completed the repair work for the first time. D Three Chinese astronauts returned to Earth today (April 30, 2024) after six months in space. The Shenzhou-17 spaceship landed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today at 5:46 pm Beijing time, about nine hours after leaving China’s Tiangong space station. All three Shenzhou-17 members—Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin—are healthy and safe, according to Xinhua News Agency. It was sent into space on October 25 and arrived at Tiangong about 6.5 hours later. It was China’s sixth manned (载人的) visit to Tiangong. The Shenzhou-17 crew (乘组) was the youngest crew ever to visit Tiangong: Tang Hongbo was 48, Tang Shengjie was 34 and Jiang Xinlin was 35. However, that record was just broken by the astronauts of the Shenzhou-18: Ye Guangfu, Li Guangsu and Li Cong were just 43, 36 and 34 years old. The Shenzhou-17 crew did a lot of scientific experiments (实验) during the six months. They performed two space walks—one in December, 2023 and the other in March, 2024. On February 9, 2024, the astronauts specially recorded a video to send New Year’s greetings to everyone on the space station. On April 25, they welcomed the crew of Shenzhou-18 to Tiangong space station. Five days later, Shenzhou-17 manned spaceship returned and landed successfully. The crew members were in good physical condition. This manned flight was a complete success! 13．Who is a Shenzhou-17 member? A．Li Cong. B．Ye Guangfu. C．Li Guangsu. D．Tang Shengjie. 14．When did the Shenzhou-17 crew perform the second space walk? A．In October, 2023. B．In December, 2023. C．In March, 2024. D．In April, 2024. 15．What is most probably this text? A．A letter. B．A news report. C．A travel guide. D．An advertisement. 16．What can be the best title for this text? A．Shenzhou-18 Was Sent into Space B．The Development of Tiangong Space Station C．Shenzhou-17 Returned to Earth Successfully D．Tiangong Space Station Welcomed New Comers E A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 17．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 18．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 19．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 20．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. F According to the country’s space experts, China is developing a new carrier rocket and manned spacecraft now. The new carrier rocket is called Long March-10. It is mainly developed to achieve the goal to land astronauts on the moon by 2030, said Rong Yi, a rocket expert. The Long March-10 uses liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and kerosene (煤油) as propellants (推进剂). It has a total length of about 92 meters, a takeoff weight of about 2,187 tonnes (公吨), a takeoff thrust (of about 2,678 tonnes, and a carrying capacity of no less than 27 tonnes for the Earth-moon transfer orbit (转换轨道). The Long March-10 is expected to prepare for its first flight in 2027, said Rong in a recent interview. Of course, the new rocket can also send astronauts and cargo (货物) to the space station. The new manned spacecraft is also a support for China to land astronauts on the moon by 2030. It can meet the needs of near-Earth and deep space missions (任务). According to an expert, the spacecraft can carry three astronauts. It is mainly used to send astronauts to orbit around the moon and return to Earth. Unlike the three-module Shenzhou spacecraft, the new spacecraft has two parts. One is the return capsule (舱), which is the command center of the Whole spacecraft and the living quarters for the astronauts. The other is the service module, which is the energy and power center. The structure makes the spaceship have more reusable parts. 21．What’s the purpose of developing the new carrier rocket? A．To explore the Mars. B．To prepare for moon landing. C．To finish a secret space mission. D．To send cargo to the space station. 22．How much does the new rocket weigh when it begins to take off? A．About 92 tonnes. B．About 2,187 tonnes. C．About 2,678 tonnes. D．No less than 27tonnes. 23．How many structures does the new spaceship have? A．Two-modules. B．Three-modules. C．four-modules. D．five-modules. 二、完形填空 On April 25, 2024, China’s Shenzhou-18 spaceship flew to space. Among the three astronauts, a new face caught lots of 24 . He is Li Cong. Li was 25 in a village of Hebei Province in 1989. He didn’t expect to become an astronaut as a child. 26 , he used to dream of being a singer. When he was in middle school, he was 27 in school activities. He especially loved those about science. Li’s interest in aerospace (航空航天) 28 in 2003. That year, Shenzhou-5 was successfully sent into space and Yang Liwei became the first person of China’s space travel. Under Yang’s 29 , Li had the dream of flying to space for the first time. After high school, Li went to study in China’s Aviation University of Air Force. He was really 30 and spent most of his time studying. After leaving university, Li became a fighter pilot. At first, he met with lots of difficulties, but he was brave enough to 31 them. After years of hard training, he finally became a(n) 32 pilot. In September 2020, he was chosen to be an astronaut. Now, Li Cong has realized his space dream and become the 33 of the whole country. 24．A．time B．memory C．attention 25．A．born B．known C．discovered 26．A．Instead B．Perhaps C．Finally 27．A．lazy B．active C．quiet 28．A．failed B．started C．increased 29．A．protection B．guidance C．influence 30．A．warm-hearted B．self-centered C．hard-working 31．A．think about B．deal with C．count down 32．A．local B．normal C．excellent 33．A．riddle B．pride C．guard 三、语法选择 On April 25th, the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship was sent into space by Long March 2F rocket at 8:59 pm in Jiuquan. Although the April is 34 month with strong winds and sandstorms, the launch (发射) was 35 with careful planning and preparation. There are three brave astronauts 36 the spaceship: Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They will spend six months living in the spaceship before they return to the Earth 37 . They have more than 90 exciting experiments (实验) to do in the spaceship. They will use special room 38 life science, medicine, technology. They will even study 39 to raise fish in space. 40 great study it is! This will help 41 know how plants fit to gravity (重力) in space and provide support for growing plants in space. Yang Liwei, the first astronaut in China, 42 , “It’s such a pleasure to see the young astronauts can now carry out these important 43 . I’m very proud of them. I’m sure they will do well, although the task has become more difficult.” 34．A．a B．an C．the 35．A．successful B．more successful C．the most successful 36．A．to B．in C．from 37．A．safety B．safe C．safely 38．A．study B．studied C．to study 39．A．how B．which C．what 40．A．What B．What a C．How 41．A．we B．us C．our 42．A．say B．says C．said 43．A．task B．tasks C．tasks’ 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched (发射) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024, it 44 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes (实验柜) to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts 45 (be) Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They were all born in the 1980s. Ye was one of the 46 (member) of the Shenzhou-l3 mission (任务) from October 2021 47 April 2022. This time, he works as the 48 (lead) of the three astronauts. Both Li Cong 49 Li Guangsu are newcomers to space. During 50 (they) time in space, they will care for the space station to make sure it can work 51 (safe). They will do over 90 experiments. A fish 52 (call) “the 4th member of Shenzhou-18” will be used for an experimental project. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned to return to 53 earth in late October this year. So they will spend about six months on the space station. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 14 2024年中国航天航空伟大新成就 1、 朱雀三号: 1.2024年1月19日朱雀三号可重复使用火箭垂直返回技术完成首次飞行试验。 2.2024年9月11日朱雀三号完成10公里级垂直起降返回飞行试验。 3.2025年朱雀三号计划首飞。2026年实现一子级回收复用。 2、 神舟系列 十九号： 2024年10月30日搭载神舟十九号载人飞船的长征二号F遥十九运载火箭成功发射。 一、阅读理解 A Do you know Zhuque-3 test rocket (火箭)? On Wednesday, it goes straight up and down for 10 km. It is a big step in China’s commercial space industry (商业航天领域). In reusing (重复使用) rockets, China has a long way to go. However, the Zhuque-3 test shows its team can reuse rockets and can also save a lot of money. The Zhuque-3 rocket’s maker is LandSpace, a commercial maker in China. The test means LandSpace can make more rockets and then China’s commercial space industry can send more rockets into space in the future. It also tells us its technology (技术) works well and the rockets are ready for later long flying in the future. It can be easy for people to go to space, just like taking a plane to different places today. And Chinese people could be among the first to make that dream come true. 1．When does Zhuque-3 go up and down? A．On a Monday. B．On a Tuesday. C．On a Wednesday. 2．What does the Zhuque-3 test show? ① Zhuque-3 team can save a lot of time.  ② Zhuque-3 team can save a lot of money.  ③ Zhuque-3 team can reuse rockets. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ 3．What is NOT mentioned about the future of China’s commercial space industry? A．Zhuque-3’s long flying time in the future. B．More rockets can be sent into space. C．LandSpace can make more rockets. 4．What do the words “that dream” refer to (指代)? A．To go to space. B．To take a plane. C．To reuse rockets. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了朱雀-3测试火箭的测试，是中国商业航天工业的一大进步。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you know Zhuque-3 test rocket (火箭)? On Wednesday, it goes straight up and down for 10 km.”可知，朱雀-3测试火箭是在星期三进行测试的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, the Zhuque-3 test shows its team can reuse rockets and can also save a lot of money.”可知，然而，朱雀-3的测试表明，其团队可以重复使用火箭，也可以节省大量资金。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The test means LandSpace can make more rockets and then China’s commercial space industry can send more rockets into space in the future. It also tells us its technology (技术) works well and the rockets are ready for later long flying in the future.”可知，这次测试意味着LandSpace可以制造更多的火箭，然后中国的商业航天工业可以在未来将更多的火箭送入太空。它还告诉我们，它的技术运行良好，火箭已经为未来的长期飞行做好了准备。文章并未提及朱雀-3在未来的长时间飞行。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“It can be easy for people to go to space, just like taking a plane to different places today.”可知，that dream指代“for people to go to space”，即人们去太空旅行的梦想。故选A。 B What great news! On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spaceship. There are three great astronauts in it: Cai Xuze, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze. Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, the post-90s astronauts, are on their first space trips. Wang is even the first woman spaceflight engineer (工程师) in China. The astronauts entered the Tiangong space station and met the astronaut team of Shenzhou-18 last Wednesday. They lived and worked together to finish some tasks. The newcomers will stay in the space station for 6 months. There are quite a few important things to do. They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world. The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology. And behind the success, it is the hard work of Chinese astronauts and scientists. They show us that nothing is too far if we keep reaching for it. 5．Who is the group leader of Shenzhou-19? A．Cai Xuze. B．Song Lingdong. C．Wang Haoze. 6．Which task is NOT mentioned (提及) in the text? A．Doing experiments. B．Giving some space gifts. C．Puting on new special devices. 7．What can we know from the passage? A．Wang Haoze is the first woman into the space. B．China is better at space technology. C．Astronauts will only give space classes to Chinese students. 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The life of the astronauts in the space station. B．The spaceship Shenzhou-19. C．The astronauts and tasks of Shenzhou-19. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十九号的宇航员及其任务。 5．细节理解题。根据“Cai Xuze, the group leader, has spaceflight experience before.”可知，蔡旭泽是神舟十九号的组长。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“They will do different experiments (实验), such as space life science and space medicine. Then they need to have spacewalks to put on new special devices (装置) for the the spaceship and plan to give space classes to young students from all over the world.”可知，文章中提到的任务包括做实验和安装新装置，没有提到送太空礼物。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“The success of the Shenzhou-19 mission shows China is doing better in space technology.”可知，神舟十九号任务的成功显示了中国在航天技术方面的进步。故选B。 8．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟十九号的宇航员及其任务。故选C。 C BEIJING, May 28, 2024 (Xinhua News)—The Shenzhou-18 crew (全体工作人员) completed the first spacewalk of their mission (任务) at 6:58 p.m. (Beijing Time) on Tuesday, according to the CMSA (中国载人航天局). The two members of the Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, started their spacewalk. They worked outside the Tiangong space station for nearly 8.5 hours. With the help of space equipment (设备) and a team on Earth, they successfully completed many tasks during their spacewalk, including some difficult fixing tasks. Now they have returned to the Wentian lab module (实验舱). The third crew member, Li Cong, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support. The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. This marked Ye’s second time to have a spacewalk, and his first spacewalk was in the Shenzhou-13 mission, but this is the first time for Li Guangsu to start a spacewalk. The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments (实验) and many necessary tests. And then, they will carry out more activities and do some fixing work outside the space station. The three astronauts will work on board Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA． So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all. On September 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou-7 mission made history as China’s first person to take a spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone (里程碑) by having 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew. The Shenzhou-17 members completed, for the first time, the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk, which lasted about 8 hours. 9．What is the news mainly about? A．Li Cong provided support inside the space station. B．The Shenzhou-17 crew started to carry out new tasks. C．The Shenzhou-18 crew completed the first spacewalk. D．Ye Guangfu worked outside the space station for 8.5 hours. 10．What is the new record set by the Shenzhou-18 crew? A．The longest single spacewalk. B．The most difficult fixing tasks. C．The most successful experiments. D．The highest number of spacewalks. 11．What will the three members do in their mission according to the passage? A．Planting some fruits. B．Giving lessons to students. C．Receiving education. D．Doing many necessary tests. 12．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last 3 paragraphs? A．The Shenzhou-17 crew has completed 4 spacewalks in all. B．China has made great achievements in Space Technology so far. C．Zhai Zhigang made history by taking a spacewalk for 190 minutes. D．The Shenzhou-15 crew completed the repair work for the first time. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．D 12．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了神舟十八号全体工作人员完成了他们任务中的第一次太空行走。 9．主旨大意题。根据“The Shenzhou-18 crew (全体工作人员) completed the first spacewalk of their mission (任务) at 6:58 p.m. (Beijing Time) on Tuesday”可知，这则新闻主要是讲述了神舟十八号全体工作人员完成了他们任务中的第一次太空行走。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts.”可知，神舟十八号乘组创下中国航天员单次太空行走时间最长的新纪录。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据“The mission will include many tasks. First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments (实验) and many necessary tests”可知，做许多必要的测试是他们的任务之一。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all.”、“The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone (里程碑) by having 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew.”及“The Shenzhou-17 members completed, for the first time, the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk”可知，最后三段讲述了中国在太空科技上取得的巨大成就。故选B。 D Three Chinese astronauts returned to Earth today (April 30, 2024) after six months in space. The Shenzhou-17 spaceship landed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today at 5:46 pm Beijing time, about nine hours after leaving China’s Tiangong space station. All three Shenzhou-17 members—Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin—are healthy and safe, according to Xinhua News Agency. It was sent into space on October 25 and arrived at Tiangong about 6.5 hours later. It was China’s sixth manned (载人的) visit to Tiangong. The Shenzhou-17 crew (乘组) was the youngest crew ever to visit Tiangong: Tang Hongbo was 48, Tang Shengjie was 34 and Jiang Xinlin was 35. However, that record was just broken by the astronauts of the Shenzhou-18: Ye Guangfu, Li Guangsu and Li Cong were just 43, 36 and 34 years old. The Shenzhou-17 crew did a lot of scientific experiments (实验) during the six months. They performed two space walks—one in December, 2023 and the other in March, 2024. On February 9, 2024, the astronauts specially recorded a video to send New Year’s greetings to everyone on the space station. On April 25, they welcomed the crew of Shenzhou-18 to Tiangong space station. Five days later, Shenzhou-17 manned spaceship returned and landed successfully. The crew members were in good physical condition. This manned flight was a complete success! 13．Who is a Shenzhou-17 member? A．Li Cong. B．Ye Guangfu. C．Li Guangsu. D．Tang Shengjie. 14．When did the Shenzhou-17 crew perform the second space walk? A．In October, 2023. B．In December, 2023. C．In March, 2024. D．In April, 2024. 15．What is most probably this text? A．A letter. B．A news report. C．A travel guide. D．An advertisement. 16．What can be the best title for this text? A．Shenzhou-18 Was Sent into Space B．The Development of Tiangong Space Station C．Shenzhou-17 Returned to Earth Successfully D．Tiangong Space Station Welcomed New Comers 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B 16．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了2024年4月30日，三名中国宇航员在太空停留六个月后返回地球。 13．细节理解题。根据“All three Shenzhou-17 members—Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin—are healthy and safe”可知，唐胜杰是神舟十七号的成员。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据“They performed two space walks—one in December, 2023 and the other in March, 2024.”可知，神舟十七号乘员第二次太空行走是2024年3月。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据“Three Chinese astronauts returned to Earth today (April 30, 2024) after six months in space.”可知，三名中国宇航员在太空飞行六个月后，于今日（四月三十日）返回地球，因此可推知这是一篇新闻报道。故选B。 16．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了2024年4月30日，三名中国宇航员在太空停留六个月后返回地球，因此最佳标题为“神舟十七号成功返回地球”。故选C。 E A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 17．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 18．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 19．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 20．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 【答案】17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了长征5号的情况，由此引出对于月球情况的介绍，突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。 17．细节理解题。根据“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.”可知，探测器被设定在月球背面着陆后，开始了它的任务，故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey…but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知，这是世界上第一次尝试从月球背面采集样本。对中国来说，这是第二次取样返回月球之旅，之前所有这些样本都是从月球近侧收集的，也就是说中国已经有过一次从月球近侧采集样本，故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知，月球背面的土壤比近侧厚得多，故选B。 20．推理判断题。根据“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community”可知，嫦娥6号收集的远端样本和近端样本对国际社会来说将具有重大的科学价值，也就是说嫦娥六号正在为世界执行一项有价值的任务，故选B。 F According to the country’s space experts, China is developing a new carrier rocket and manned spacecraft now. The new carrier rocket is called Long March-10. It is mainly developed to achieve the goal to land astronauts on the moon by 2030, said Rong Yi, a rocket expert. The Long March-10 uses liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and kerosene (煤油) as propellants (推进剂). It has a total length of about 92 meters, a takeoff weight of about 2,187 tonnes (公吨), a takeoff thrust (of about 2,678 tonnes, and a carrying capacity of no less than 27 tonnes for the Earth-moon transfer orbit (转换轨道). The Long March-10 is expected to prepare for its first flight in 2027, said Rong in a recent interview. Of course, the new rocket can also send astronauts and cargo (货物) to the space station. The new manned spacecraft is also a support for China to land astronauts on the moon by 2030. It can meet the needs of near-Earth and deep space missions (任务). According to an expert, the spacecraft can carry three astronauts. It is mainly used to send astronauts to orbit around the moon and return to Earth. Unlike the three-module Shenzhou spacecraft, the new spacecraft has two parts. One is the return capsule (舱), which is the command center of the Whole spacecraft and the living quarters for the astronauts. The other is the service module, which is the energy and power center. The structure makes the spaceship have more reusable parts. 21．What’s the purpose of developing the new carrier rocket? A．To explore the Mars. B．To prepare for moon landing. C．To finish a secret space mission. D．To send cargo to the space station. 22．How much does the new rocket weigh when it begins to take off? A．About 92 tonnes. B．About 2,187 tonnes. C．About 2,678 tonnes. D．No less than 27tonnes. 23．How many structures does the new spaceship have? A．Two-modules. B．Three-modules. C．four-modules. D．five-modules. 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了目前中国正在开发的一种新的运载火箭和载人飞船。 21．细节理解题。根据“It is mainly developed to achieve the goal to land astronauts on the moon by 2030, said Rong Yi, a rocket expert.”可知，是为登月做准备。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“a takeoff weight of about 2,187 tonnes (公吨)”可知，大约2187吨。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“Unlike the three-module Shenzhou spacecraft, the new spacecraft has two parts.”可知，新宇宙飞船有两种模型结构。故选A。 二、完形填空 On April 25, 2024, China’s Shenzhou-18 spaceship flew to space. Among the three astronauts, a new face caught lots of 24 . He is Li Cong. Li was 25 in a village of Hebei Province in 1989. He didn’t expect to become an astronaut as a child. 26 , he used to dream of being a singer. When he was in middle school, he was 27 in school activities. He especially loved those about science. Li’s interest in aerospace (航空航天) 28 in 2003. That year, Shenzhou-5 was successfully sent into space and Yang Liwei became the first person of China’s space travel. Under Yang’s 29 , Li had the dream of flying to space for the first time. After high school, Li went to study in China’s Aviation University of Air Force. He was really 30 and spent most of his time studying. After leaving university, Li became a fighter pilot. At first, he met with lots of difficulties, but he was brave enough to 31 them. After years of hard training, he finally became a(n) 32 pilot. In September 2020, he was chosen to be an astronaut. Now, Li Cong has realized his space dream and become the 33 of the whole country. 24．A．time B．memory C．attention 25．A．born B．known C．discovered 26．A．Instead B．Perhaps C．Finally 27．A．lazy B．active C．quiet 28．A．failed B．started C．increased 29．A．protection B．guidance C．influence 30．A．warm-hearted B．self-centered C．hard-working 31．A．think about B．deal with C．count down 32．A．local B．normal C．excellent 33．A．riddle B．pride C．guard 【答案】 24．C 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．B 【导语】本文讲述了李聪成为航天员的故事。 24．句意：在三名宇航员中，一张新面孔吸引了很多人的注意。 time时间；memory记忆；attention注意。根据“a new face caught lots of”可知，应该说新面孔吸引了很多注意。故选C。 25．句意：李于1989年出生在河北省的一个村庄。 born出生；known知道；discovered发现。根据“in a village of Hebei Province in 1989.”可知，此处指的他出生于一个村庄。故选A。 26．句意：相反，他曾经梦想成为一名歌手。 Instead相反；Perhaps可能；Finally最终。根据“He didn’t expect to become an astronaut as a child.”以及“he used to dream of being a singer.”可知，此处说明小时候的职业梦想与现实不同，应该说“相反”他曾经梦想成为一名歌手。故选A。 27．句意：当他在中学时，他在学校的活动中很活跃。 lazy懒惰的；active积极的；quiet安静的。根据“in school activities.”可知，此处指的他在活动中很积极。故选B。 28．句意：李对航空航天的兴趣始于2003年。 failed失败；started开始；increased增加。根据“Li’s interest in aerospace…in 2003.”并结合语境可知，此处指的他对航天的兴趣是2003年开始的。故选B。 29．句意：在杨的影响下，李有了第一次飞向太空的梦想。 protection保护；guidance指导；influence影响。根据“Li had the dream of flying to space for the first time.”可知，此处指的在杨利伟的影响下，李有了第一次飞向太空的梦想。故选C。 30．句意：他真的很努力，大部分时间都在学习。 warm-hearted热心肠的；self-centered自我为中心的；hard-working努力的。根据“and spent most of his time studying.”可知，应该说他很努力。故选C。 31．句意：起初，他遇到了很多困难，但他勇敢地解决了这些困难。 think about考虑；deal with处理；count down倒计时。根据“he met with lots of difficulties, but he was brave enough to”可知 ，他勇敢地解决了困难。故选B。 32．句意：经过多年的刻苦训练，他终于成为了一名优秀的飞行员。 local本地的；normal正常的；excellent优秀的。根据“After years of hard training, he finally became”以及“Among the three astronauts, a new face caught lots of attention. He is Li Cong.”可知，他成为了一名优秀的飞行员。故选C。 33．句意：现在，李聪实现了他的太空梦，成为了全国人民的骄傲。 riddle谜语；pride骄傲； guard警卫。根据“become the…of the whole country.”并结合语境可知，李聪成为了全国人民的骄傲。故选B。 三、语法选择 On April 25th, the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship was sent into space by Long March 2F rocket at 8:59 pm in Jiuquan. Although the April is 34 month with strong winds and sandstorms, the launch (发射) was 35 with careful planning and preparation. There are three brave astronauts 36 the spaceship: Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They will spend six months living in the spaceship before they return to the Earth 37 . They have more than 90 exciting experiments (实验) to do in the spaceship. They will use special room 38 life science, medicine, technology. They will even study 39 to raise fish in space. 40 great study it is! This will help 41 know how plants fit to gravity (重力) in space and provide support for growing plants in space. Yang Liwei, the first astronaut in China, 42 , “It’s such a pleasure to see the young astronauts can now carry out these important 43 . I’m very proud of them. I’m sure they will do well, although the task has become more difficult.” 34．A．a B．an C．the 35．A．successful B．more successful C．the most successful 36．A．to B．in C．from 37．A．safety B．safe C．safely 38．A．study B．studied C．to study 39．A．how B．which C．what 40．A．What B．What a C．How 41．A．we B．us C．our 42．A．say B．says C．said 43．A．task B．tasks C．tasks’ 【答案】 34．A 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．B 41．B 42．C 43．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十八号飞船的成功发射。 34．句意：虽然4月是强风和沙尘暴频发的月份，但经过周密的计划和准备，此次发射取得了成功。 a不定冠词，表泛指，用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用在元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。空处泛指“4月是一个强风和沙尘暴频发的月份”，且“month”以辅音音素开头。故选A。 35．句意：虽然4月是强风和沙尘暴频发的月份，但经过周密的计划和准备，此次发射取得了成功。 successful成功的，原级；more successful比较级；the most successful最高级。分析句子可知，此处不存在比较含义，用形容词原级即可。故选A。 36．句意：飞船上有三位勇敢的宇航员：叶光富、李聪和李广苏。 to到；in在里面；from来自。根据“the spaceship”可知，是指在飞船上。in the spaceship“在宇宙飞船里”。故选B。 37．句意：他们将在宇宙飞船中生活六个月，然后安全返回地球。 safety安全，名词；safe安全的，形容词；safely安全地，副词。修饰动词短语“return to”需用副词形式。故选C。 38．句意：他们将使用专门的房间来学习生命科学、医学、技术。 study学习，原形；studied过去式；to study动词不定式。use sth to do sth表示“使用……做某事”。故选C。 39．句意：他们甚至将学习如何在太空养鱼。 how如何；which哪一个；what什么。根据“They will even study...to raise fish in space.”可知，是指学习如何在太空养鱼。故选A。 40．句意：多么伟大的学习啊！ What后跟中心词名词，构成感叹句；What a后跟单数名词，构成感叹句；How后跟形容词，构成感叹句。分析句子可知，此处中心词是名词，符合“what+a+形容词+名词+主谓”结构。故选B。 41．句意：这将帮助我们了解植物如何适应太空重力，并为在太空中种植植物提供支持。 we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。动词help后跟代词宾格形式。故选B。 42．句意：中国第一位宇航员杨利伟说：“看到年轻的宇航员现在可以执行这些重要的任务，我感到很高兴。……”。 say说，原形； says动词三单；said过去式。根据“Yang Liwei, the first astronaut in China,”可知，杨利伟说话的动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选C。 43．句意：中国第一位宇航员杨利伟说:“看到年轻的宇航员现在可以执行这些重要的任务，我感到很高兴。……”。 task任务，单数名词； tasks复数形式；tasks’错误表达。“these”后跟名词读复数。故选B。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在文章空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched (发射) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space. At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024, it 44 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes (实验柜) to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts 45 (be) Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They were all born in the 1980s. Ye was one of the 46 (member) of the Shenzhou-l3 mission (任务) from October 2021 47 April 2022. This time, he works as the 48 (lead) of the three astronauts. Both Li Cong 49 Li Guangsu are newcomers to space. During 50 (they) time in space, they will care for the space station to make sure it can work 51 (safe). They will do over 90 experiments. A fish 52 (call) “the 4th member of Shenzhou-18” will be used for an experimental project. The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned to return to 53 earth in late October this year. So they will spend about six months on the space station. 【答案】 44．sent 45．are 46．members 47．to 48．leader 49．and 50．their 51．safely 52．called 53．the 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十八号的航天员以及航天任务、行程等。 44．句意：2024年4月25日晚8点59分，中国航天局将3名航天员和近100个实验柜送往天宫空间站。send“发送”，动词。根据“At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填sent。 45．句意：这三名宇航员分别是叶光富、李聪和李广苏。本句陈述事实，是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 46．句意：叶是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三号任务的成员之一。member“成员”，可数名词。one of the+名词复数，意为“……之一”。故填members。 47．句意：叶是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三号任务的成员之一。from…to…“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填to。 48．句意：这一次，他是三名宇航员中的领导者。lead“领导”，动词。此处指叶光富是三人中的领导者。leader“领导”，可数名词，用其单数形式。故填leader。 49．句意：李聪和李广苏都是太空新人。both…and“两者都……”，固定搭配。故填and。 50．句意：在太空期间，他们将照顾空间站，确保它能安全工作。they“他们”，人称代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语修饰time。故填their。 51．句意：在太空期间，他们将照顾空间站，确保它能安全工作。safe“安全的”，形容词。此处用其副词形式safely，修饰动词work。故填safely。 52．句意：一种名为“神舟十八号”的鱼将被用于一个实验项目。call“称为”，动词。此处用其过去分词形式called，作后置定语修饰名词fish。故填called。 53．句意：神舟十八号航天员计划于今年十月下旬返回地球。此处缺少冠词，earth“地球”是世界上独一无二的物体，其前应加定冠词the。故填the。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$