Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following question. What can make us laugh? There are a lot of things that people still laugh happily in life，such as：jokes，funny stories，sketches，cross talks and so on.As long as we face life with a positive attitude，and are good at discovering the beauty of life，happiness is everywhere. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the text? A．The ideas about humour. B．The importance of humour. C．The ways to express humour. D．The three stories about humour. 答案：D Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each story Story A　　A．The painful life story of a comedian. Story B　　B．Sherlock and Dr. Watson go camping with a lot of humour. Story C　　C．An interesting story about a famous art collector and a shopkeeper. 答案：Story A－C：CBA 学生用书↓第7页 Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1．What had the collector in Story A intended to do? A．To buy the cat at a low price. B．To get the saucer in a smart way. C．To buy the cat for 200 dollars. D．To get the cat to drink more milk. 2．Why could Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson see millions of stars when they woke up? A．Because it would be a beautiful day the next day. B．Because they drank a bottle of wine. C．Because the time was probably a quarter past three. D．Because someone had stolen their tent! 3．What can we infer from Story B? A．Dr.Watson misunderstood Holmes at first. B．Dr.Watson and Holmes enjoyed camping. C．Dr.Watson and Holmes enjoyed drinking. D．Dr.Watson and Holmes were astronomers. 4．Why did Grock go to see the doctor? A．He had broken up with his wife. B．He ran into a lot of trouble in life. C．He had high blood pressure. D．He was deep in a heavy debt. 答案：1－4　BDAB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．[句式分析]　He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable，so he walked casually 宾语从句 into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. 连接并列谓语 [尝试翻译]　他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 2．[句式分析]　I hear there's an amazing clown who'll really make you laugh． 定语从句 [尝试翻译]　我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，他肯定能逗笑你。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．[教材佳句]　And the owner said，“Sorry my friend, but that's my lucky saucer.So far this week I've sold 68 cats.” (语言描写) [学后仿写]　“奶奶，我们要织一双新手套吗？”我满怀希望地问道。 “Grandma，shall we knit a new pair of gloves？” I asked hopefully. 2．[教材佳句]　The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.(动作场景描写) [学后仿写]　天亮时，埃文继续步行寻找他的团队，狗陪着他。 When day broke，Evan continued walking to look for his group，and the dog accompanied him． Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Which of the three stories do you like most？why？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) I like Story C best.Because it expresses humour through ironic technique，especially the last line plays the role of finishing point，so that humor achieves an unexpected effect. 学生用书↓第8页 2.How do you think of humour? Do you think it is necessary in our life? Why or why not？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Humour makes people laugh，and laughter is the shortest distance between people；humour can make the old become younger，and make the young more mature，so it is a popular and elegant art of life.Therefore，humour is very important and needed in people's daily life. ①lap v．(动物)舔食，舔着喝 ②saucer/'sɔːsə/n.杯托 ③doorway/'dɔːweɪ/n.门口，出入口 ④do a double take惊讶地又看了一眼 ⑤antique/ˌæn'tiːk/n.古董 adj.古时制造的 ⑥casually/'kæʒuəli/adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 casual adj.不经意的，漫不经心的，不在乎的 ⑦innocently/'ɪnəsəntli/adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地 innocent adj.无辜的，无罪的；天真无邪的n．无辜者，单纯的人 innocence n．清白，无罪；天真，单纯 ⑧for sale待售，供出售(尤指从主人手里) on sale出售，上市；折价销售，减价出售 ⑨appetite/'æpɪtaɪt/n.胃口，食欲 a good appetite胃口好 ⑩hand over把……送交，交出 ⑪throw in额外赠送 ⑫so far this week本周至今 ⑬retire for the night去睡觉 retire　熟词生义　vi.睡觉，就寝 ⑭faithful/'feɪθfəl/adj.忠诚的 be faithful to...对……忠诚 ⑮deduce/dɪ'djuːs/vt.推论，推断 deduce...from...从……推断出…… ⑯astronomy/ə'strɒnəmi/n.天文学 astronomer n．天文学家 ⑰galaxy/'ɡæləksi/n.星系 the Galaxy银河，银河系 ⑱potentially/pə'tenʃəli/adv.可能地，潜在地 potential adj.潜在的，可能的n.可能性；潜力，潜质 ⑲scientific measurement科学计算 scientific/ˌsaɪən'tɪfɪk/adj.科学(上)的 measurement/'meʒəmənt/n.测量，计量，衡量 ⑳atmosphere/'ætməsfɪə/n.大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 ㉑forecast/'fɔːkɑːst/vt.预测，预报 ㉒middle-aged adj.中年的 ㉓down adj.情绪低落，沮丧，悲哀 ㉔ages n．[pl.]很长时间 ㉕surgery/'sɜːdʒəri/n.诊所；外科手术 surgeon/'sɜːdʒən/n.外科医生 ㉖bleed/'bliːd/vi.流血，出血 bleed to death失血而亡 [拓展]　blood n．血 give blood献血 ㉗sneeze/sniːz/vi.&n.打喷嚏 ㉘scream/skriːm/vi.尖声大叫 n．尖叫声 ㉙consultation/ˌkɒnsəl'teɪʃən/n.就诊；咨询 consult vt.&vi.咨询，请教 consultant n．会诊医师；顾问 ㉚a bit of...(谈及负面事情时用)有点儿 ㉛crisis/'kraɪsɪs/n.危机；危难时刻 financial crisis经济危机 in crisis处于危机之中 ㉜pale adj.(人、面孔等)苍白的，白皙的 ㉝examine/ɪɡ'zæmɪn/vt.检查 examination n．检查 ㉞announce/ə'naʊns/vt.宣布，宣告 ㉟afterwards/'ɑːftəwədz/adv.随后，后来 ㊱breathe heavily呼吸困难 ㊲circus/'sɜːkəs/n.马戏团 ㊳clown/klaʊn/n.小丑 ◎ Story A A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping① milk from a saucer② in the doorway③ of a store.[1]He did a double take④. [1]画线部分是“sb was doing sth when...”句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”，when为并列连词，连接两个并列分句，其中前一分句常用过去进行时，后一分句常用一般过去时。 He noticed that the saucer was an antique⑤ and very valuable，so he walked casually⑥ into the store and innocently⑦ offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. The store owner replied，“I'm sorry，but the cat isn't for sale⑧.” The collector said，“Please，I need a hungry cat with a good appetite⑨ around the house to catch mice.I'll pay you 200 dollars for that cat.” The owner said “sold” and handed over⑩ the cat. The collector continued，“Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in⑪ that old saucer[2]．The cat's used to it and it'll save me from having to get a dish.” [2]“I wonder if you could...”是一个常用句型，常用来表示说话者礼貌、委婉的请求，可译为“不知你是否能够……”。 And the owner said，“Sorry my friend，but that's my lucky saucer.So far this week⑫ I've sold 68 cats.” Story B Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip.After a good dinner and a bottle of wine，they retired for the night⑬，and went to sleep. Some hours later，Holmes woke up and asked his faithful⑭ friend，“Watson，look up at the sky and tell me what you see.” “I see millions and millions of stars，Holmes，”replied Watson. 学生用书↓第9页 “And what do you deduce⑮ from that？” Watson thought for a minute.“Well，according to the studies on astronomy⑯，it tells me that there are millions of galaxies⑰ and potentially⑱ billions of planets.According to the positions of the stars，I observe that Saturn is in Leo.According to the scientific measurement⑲ of time，I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three.According to the current atmosphere⑳，I forecast㉑ that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow.What does it tell you，Holmes？” Holmes was silent for a moment.“Watson，”he said，“someone has stolen our tent！” Story C A middle-aged㉒man was feeling very down㉓.[3]Everything had been going wrong for him.He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man.So，after he had been feeling depressed for over a month，he decided to go to the doctor.He had to wait for what seemed like ages㉔ in the doctor's surgery㉕[4]．The bleeding㉖ man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing㉗ badly；and a baby was screaming㉘.Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called in for his consultation㉙.The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.“Sorry，I'm just finishing something.I'm afraid we've been very busy this morning.” She then turned to the man.“So，what's the problem？”she asked. [3]此处的feel是一个状态动词。状态动词如果用进行时，可以强调某一具体时间的特殊状态，或某种暂时的心理状态或活动。在本句中，was feeling表示一种暂时的状态。 [4]画线部分为what引导的宾语从句，在句中作介词for的宾语。what在宾语从句中作主语。 “Well，I've been having a bit of㉚ a crisis㉛，you know，lots of problems，” replied the man.“And I've been doing a lot of work.” “Mmm，you're looking very pale㉜.”The doctor started to examine㉝ him.“Well，everything is working OK，”she announced㉞ afterwards㉟.“You have slightly high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily㊱，but otherwise everything's fine.” 学生用书↓第10页 “So what can I do？” asked the man.“I'm going on a trip soon.I will be working in the United States for three months.This time next week，I'll be arriving in New York.” The doctor thought for a while.“I think what you need is a good laugh.That would do you a lot of good.A circus㊲ is performing in town.Why don't you go to see it？I hear there's an amazing clown㊳ who'll really make you laugh.His name's Grock.” “I am Grock，” replied the man sadly. 故事A 一位著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。他惊讶地又看了一眼。 他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 店主回答道：“不好意思，这只猫不卖。” 收藏家说：“拜托了，我正需要一只又饿胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠呢。我可以出200美元买那只猫。” 店主说了声“成交”，就把猫给了他。 收藏家接着说：“嘿，200美元的话能不能把那个旧碟子也送给我。毕竟这只猫已经习惯了用它，这样也省得我再去买猫食盆了。” 店主说：“对不起，朋友，那可是我的幸运碟。到现在为止，这周我已经卖出去68只猫了。” 故事B 夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生去野营。他们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐，喝了一瓶葡萄酒后，就准备休息，去睡觉了。 几小时后，福尔摩斯醒了，问他忠实的朋友：“华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。” “福尔摩斯，我看到无数的星星，”华生回答。 “那你从中推断出什么？” 华生想了一会儿。“嗯，根据天文学研究推断，现在天空中有数百万的星系，可能还有数十亿颗行星。根据星星的位置判断，我发现现在土星在狮子座。根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。根据目前的大气条件，我预测明天天气会很好。福尔摩斯，你推断出了什么？” 福尔摩斯沉默了一会儿。“华生，”他说，“有人偷了我们的帐篷！” 故事C 一个中年男子觉得非常沮丧。(最近)他诸事不顺。他在工作上遇到了问题，妻子又跟别的男人跑了。于是，在沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。他在医生的诊室里等着，像是等了几个世纪。旁边的男人在流血，紧张地看着手表；一个女人使劲咳嗽、打喷嚏；还有个婴儿在哭闹。等了大约半小时后，终于叫到他就诊了。他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。“抱歉，我刚忙完别的事，恐怕我们今天上午很忙。”之后她转向中年男子问道，“那么，你怎么了？” “是这样的，我最近遭遇了一点危机，嗯，是出现了很多问题，”那人回答道，“而且我工作一直很忙。” 学生用书↓第11页 “嗯，你看起来很苍白。”医生开始给他检查。“嗯，一切正常，”她检查后说道。“你血压有点高，呼吸很困难，但其他方面都正常。” “那我该怎么办？”那人问道。“我很快就要出差了，要在美国工作三个月。下星期的这个时候，我就去纽约了。” 医生想了一会儿。“我觉得你需要开怀大笑，笑出来对你很有好处。城里刚好有马戏团表演，你怎么不去看看呢？我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，叫格罗克，他肯定能逗笑你。” “可我就是格罗克，”那人悲伤地回答。 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．an antique shop 一家古玩店 2．loss of appetite 食欲不振 3．fields of astronomy 天文学领域 4．a middle-aged person 一个中年人 5．put cups in saucer 把杯子放杯托里 6．sleep in shop doorways 露宿商店门口 7．deduce a conclusion 推断出一个结论 8．a distant galaxy 一个遥远的星系 9．require surgery 需要做手术 10．give a violent sneeze 打了个大喷嚏 11．economic crisis 经济危机 12．work in a circus 在马戏团工作 ◎核心单词——练通 1．a party atmosphere 聚会的气氛 2．the weather forecast 天气预报 3．bleed to death 流血而死 4．scream with excitement 兴奋地喊叫着 5．deserve more attention 值得更多关注 6．shortly afterwards 不久之后 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地→casual adj.漫不经心的；非正式的 2．innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地→innocent adj.天真的；无辜的→innocence n．清白；无罪；无辜 3．faithful adj.忠诚的→faith n．信心；信任→faithfully adv.忠诚地 4．scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv.科学地→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 5．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量→measure n．措施；尺寸vt.测量 6．consultation n．就诊；咨询→consult v．咨询 7．examine vt.检查→examination n．检查 8．announce vt.宣布，宣告→announcement n．宣布 规律探究·知识横拓 1．规律：形容词后跟-ally变成副词 scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv.科学地 示例：dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地 2．规律：动词后跟-ment变成名词 announce vt.宣布，宣告→announcement n．宣布 示例：excite v．使激动→excitement n．兴奋，刺激；令人兴奋/激动的事 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．出售；待售 for sale 2．醒来；开始警觉；开始了解真相 wake up 3．根据，按照；取决于；据……所说 according to 4．几乎，差不多；紧挨着；居于……之后 next to 5．转向；变成；求助于；致力于；开始行动 turn to 第二组　英译汉 6．hand over 交出；移交 7．throw in 扔进；边线发球 8．walk through 走过 学生用书↓第12页 9．look up at 抬头看；往上看 10．millions and millions of 成千上万的 11．wait for 等候 12．call in 召集；召来 13．a bit of 一点 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　if引导名词性从句，意为“是否”。 教材原句　Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer (是否你能把那旧碟子给我)． 2．句型公式　was/were doing sth when...意为“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。 教材原句　The doctor was writing a note at her desk when (正在她办公桌上写便条这时突然)he came in. 3．句型公式　but otherwise但除此之外 教材原句　You have slightly high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily，but otherwise (但除此之外)everything's fine. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 appetite n．胃口，食欲 (教材原句)...Please，I need a hungry cat with a good appetite around the house to catch mice. ……拜托了，我正需要一只又饿胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠呢。 (1)lose one's appetite for... 失去……食欲，胃口不好 (2)appetite n. 欲望，爱好 have an appetite for... 渴望…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①Mr Black has developed an appetite for Chinese food. ②The lovely boy has no appetite for meat because he has eaten too much recently. ③After lunch，which I had no appetite for，we decided to return to the flea market. 午饭后，我没有胃口，我们决定回到跳蚤市场。 measurement n．测量，计量，衡量 (教材原句)According to the scientific measurement of time，I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three. 根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。 (1)measure vi.& vt. (长度、数量)为；测量；衡量 n. 计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸 measure ...by ... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 make sth to sb's measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Accurate measurement (measure) is very important in science. ②It found many youngsters now measure their status by how much public approval they get online. ③Some villagers reported a huge snake，measuring (measure) over two meters long，was found dead in a nearby cave. ④Therefore，it's high time that we took measures/steps/action to prevent water from being polluted. 因此，现在是我们采取措施防止水被污染的时候了。(应用文写作之倡议书) ⑤The suit fits me well because it is made to my measure． 这套套装很合我身，因为是量身定做的。(读后续写之细节描写) 【温馨提示】　measure表示“某物有……长(宽/高等)”时，为不及物动词，后接表示数量单位的内容，不用于被动语态和进行时；表示“措施”时，常用复数形式。 学生用书↓第13页 announce vt.宣布，宣告 (教材原句)“Well，everything is working OK，”she announced afterwards. “嗯，一切正常，”她检查后说道。 (1) 向某人宣布/告知某事 announce that ... 宣布…… It is announced that ... 据宣布…… (2)announcement n． 通告，宣告，预告 make an announcement 下通知，宣布 (3)announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow. ②We were eager to hear the announcement (announce) of the winners of the race. ③Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer (announce)，I'm writing to apply for the position. ④The accident was announced to his family by telephone. 已将事故用电话告诉了他的家属。(读后续写之动作描写) ⑤We are to make an announcement about trip in this holiday. 我们即将发出在今年假期旅行的通知。(应用文写作之活动介绍) deserve vt.应得，应受到 (教材原句)I really don't think I deserve a zero. 我认为我确实不应得零分。 deserve＋名词/代词 值得，应得 deserve to be/do ... 应该是/做…… deserve doing＝deserve to be done 应该被…… 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①All in all，A Dream of the Red Mansions has won my heart and I am convinced that it deserves reading/to be read (read) again. ②They had some excellent players，so they certainly deserved to win (win) that match. ③那些愿意付出而不是接受的人才值得尊重。(应用文写作之观点表达) →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respect． →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting． →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve to be respected． 【温馨提示】　和deserve用法相似的词有need，require，want等，它们后面的动词-ing形式用主动形式表示被动意义。此时，动词-ing形式可用不定式的被动形式替换。 认知深化 1．一词多义——atmosphere A．n.大气(层)　B．n.气氛，氛围　C．n.(地方或事件的)情调，魅力 ①The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service. B ②The Partial Test Ban Treaty bans nuclear testing in the atmosphere. A ③The old harbour is still full of atmosphere and well worth visiting. C 2．熟词生义 ①A media circus surrounded the royal couple wherever they went. n.引人注意的人(或事) ②What do those clowns in the office think they are doing？ n.蠢货；笨蛋 学生用书↓第14页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：be doing...when...正在做……这时(突然)…… (教材原句) The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in. 他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。 (1)sb be doing sth when... 某人正在做某事，这时(突然)…… (2)sb had just done sth when... 某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)…… (3)sb be about to do sth when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)…… (4)sb be on the point of doing sth when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)…… when作并列连词时的常用的句型： 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理环境描写 ①He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door. ②He had gone (go)to bed when the telephone rang. ③I was about to cross (cross)the street when I saw a car coming quickly. ④I was walking by the field in the countryside when memories of my childhood began to flood in. 我正走在乡间的田野边上，这时童年的记忆如潮水般涌现。 课时测评2　Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语及首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The girl put her cup back in its saucer (杯托) carefully. 2．His father has just recovered from heart surgery (外科手术)． 3．She stood in the doorway (门口) for a moment before going in. 4．The report forecasts (预测) that prices will rise by 3% next month. 5．The guests were mostly middle-aged (中年的) men talking business. 6．Can we deduce (推断) from your silence that you do not approve? 7．Scientists are trying to pull together disparate ideas in astronomy (天文学)． 8．I was angry at the time but we had a good laugh about it afterwards (随后)． 9．In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to. 10．The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Clearly this is a potentially (potential) dangerous situation. 2．She made her announcement (announce)after talks with the president. 3．“It's much colder than yesterday，” he remarked casually (casual)． 4．We waited and waited；she looked at me innocently (innocent)． 5．I have been a faithful (faith)reader of your newspaper for many years. 6．We found further scientific (science) evidence for this theory. 7．Until now，an adequate measurement (measure) tool did not exist. 8．A personal diet plan is devised after a consultation (consult) with a nutritionist. 维度三　完成句子(每小题4分，共12分) 1．Tom was doing his homework when his mother walked into his room. 汤姆正在做作业，这时突然他的妈妈走进了他的房间。 2．I wonder if you can join us tomorrow evening. 我想知道你明晚是否能加入我们。 3．The rent is high，but otherwise the house is satisfactory. 房租是很贵，可这房子在别的方面倒令人满意。 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are three funny stories.What's the funny part of each one？Go and find it. In Story A，an art collector noticed a cat 1.lapping (lap) milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.He did a double take and realised that the saucer was 2.an antique and very valuable.He offered to pay 200 dollars for the cat，and asked the store owner to throw 3.in the saucer，but the owner refused to give it away for he 4.had sold (sell) 68 cats because of this lucky saucer. In Story B，Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip.They put up their tent and went to sleep.Some hours later，Watson 5.was woken (wake) up by Holmes.“Watson，look up at the sky and tell me what you deduce from that？”Watson replied with his conclusions about astronomy，time and weather.But he didn't find someone had stolen their tent! In Story C，a middle-aged man had 6.problems (problem) not only at work but also in his family life，7.which made him feel very down，so he went to see a doctor.The doctor examined him but found nothing serious.He just had slightly high blood 8.pressure (press) and was breathing quite heavily.Therefore，the doctor suggested the man see a circus，as there was an 9.amazing (amaze) clown who could make him laugh.10.Actually (actual)，the man himself was just the clown. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A When I was young，strong heroes in my favorite novels gave me courage and provided a map for my life.And I didn't discover the power of poetry until I was in my twenties and making my way in New York.That's when life got serious and broke my heart. A teacher who later became a dear friend introduced me to Edna St.Vincent Milly (ESVM)，the famous poet who lived in Manhattan at the turn of the 20th century.One of my favorite possessions—a valuable first-edition copy of ESVM's short poetry collection A Few Fig from Thistles—was a gift from this friend who was old enough to be my mother at the time.She told me the first “fig” described how I was living my life.My candle burns at both ends；it will not last the night；but ah，my enemies，and oh，my friends—it gives a lovely night! I was struggling to make ends meet but always made the time for fun by hanging out with friends.Some of them of course were careless with my heart but I could always find comfort and courage in ESVM's wise words. Rather than bore my friends，I could fall into my sorrow—whether it hit me—cry as much as I wanted in my bedroom.I found everything I needed in those 32 pages—hope，wisdom and encouragement.In the years since，I've found myself attracted to poetry whenever someone caused me pain. Is it actually possible for something as common as a poem to save a life? I'm not certain of that but I can prove the power of words.Like a relaxing walk outside，poetry can provide a healthy distraction and a meaningful change in perspective. Like music，poetry speaks a universal language of rhythm，and speaks truths in a language that describes emotions.So why not keep interested in poems? 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在生活中遇到不顺的时候，通过读诗来改善心情，作者鼓励大家去读诗，发现诗的力量。 1．What was the author's life like when she was introduced to poetry? A．Peaceful. B．Hard. C．Boring. D．Colorful. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And I didn't discover the power of poetry until I was in my twenties and making my way in New York.That's when life got serious and broke my heart.”可知，作者接触诗歌的时候，生活是艰难的。故选B项。 2．What can we know about the teacher mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．She was a friend of ESVM's. B．She bought ESVM's short poetry collection to the author. C．She looked like the author's mother. D．She cared about the author. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A teacher who later became a dear friend...described how I was living my life.”可推知，这位老师给作者介绍了著名的诗人，作者收到了这位老师兼朋友送的礼物，很喜欢，因此推断这位老师关心作者。故选D项。 3．How does the author probably tend to deal with her pain now? A．By losing herself in poetry. B．By hanging out with friends. C．By staying in the bedroom. D．By taking a relaxing walk outside. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the years since，I've found myself attracted to poetry whenever someone caused me pain.”可推知，作者现在常常通过沉浸在诗歌中来处理自己的痛苦。故选A项。 4．What's the purpose of writing this passage? A．To introduce a poet the author likes best. B．To tell a story about the author and poetry. C．To explain the features of poetry. D．To appeal to readers' interest in poetry. 答案：D 解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段内容以及通读全文可知，作者在生活不顺的时候，通过读诗来改善心情，作者用自己的经历证明了诗歌的力量，并呼吁大家去读诗。故选D项。 B (2024·河北正定中学高二阶段检测) The practice of encouraging laughter with the sound of laughter itself dates back to the 16th century.During performances of Shakespearean plays，there were people who laughed at just the right moments.This would cause other members of the audience to laugh in a similar way，thus making the show seem funnier. Centuries later，when comedy programs were popular on radio，the sound of a laughing audience was a natural part of performances that were aired live.To make sure his performances were aired at the same time in each time zone，actor Bing Crosby had his show prerecorded.Eventually，one of the show's writers realized that big laughs from old recordings could be added in to follow new jokes.So the world was introduced to canned laughter. When TV came along，laugh tracks were recorded from the live studio audience that was present at a show.But sometimes，the audience didn't laugh at the expected time，making these moments seem dull to those watching at home.To fix this problem，TV audio engineer Charley Douglass invented a machine called the Laff Box. Douglass' Laff Box was a collection of tapes connected to different keys.Each tape contained canned laughter that was carefully selected by Douglass for its particular quality.For example，one tape might have produced very soft laughs，while another produced loud cackles(咯咯笑)．The machine could be played almost like a musical instrument：if the live audience didn't laugh enough，Douglass would “sweeten” the audio by adding the right amount and type of canned laughter.This technique could even be used when no audience was present，as with cartoons.Critics have long claimed that canned laughter is merely a trick to make people laugh at bad jokes.Live laugh tracks，however，can still be heard on popular modern shows like The Big Bang theory. Sometimes it's just more fun to share in the laughter—canned or otherwise. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“罐头笑声”，它是提前录好的，而不是现场观众发出的真实笑声。 5．What is mentioned about Shakespearean plays? A．They were sometimes broadcast on radio. B．Most of these plays weren't funny enough. C．Some viewers were purposefully arranged to laugh. D．Canned laughter was used during the performances. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“During performances of Shakespearean plays，there were people who laughed at just the right moments.”可知，一些观众被故意安排大笑。故选C。 6．What can be concluded from Paragraph 2? A．Bing Crosby's older jokes got more laughs. B．Bing Crosby' show was aired live worldwide. C．Bing Crosby's team made comedy programs popular. D．Bing Crosby's team brought canned laughter into existence. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“To make sure his performances were aired...introduced to canned laughter.”可推知，是Bing Crosby团队让“罐头笑声”问世。故选D。 7．What can we learn about Douglass' Laff Box? A．It can offer many types of laughter. B．It is inconvenient for people to use. C．It isn't allowed by law today. D．It can make bad jokes funny. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Douglass' Laff Box was a collection...by Douglass for its particular quality.”可知，它可以提供多种类型的笑声。故选A。 8．How does the text mainly develop? A．By giving examples. B．By analyzing reasons. C．By following time order. D．By making comparisons. 答案：C 解析：写作手法题。根据文章第一段中的“The practice of encouraging laughter with the sound of laughter itself dates back to the 16th century.”、文章第二段中的“Centuries later，when comedy programs...that were aired live.”和文章第三段中的“When TV came along，laugh tracks were recorded from the live studio audience that was present at a show.”可推知，文章是根据“罐头笑声”发展的时间顺序来组织全文的。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·山西运城高二联考) Some people seem to born with a talent for making people laugh.They can quickly tell a joke and laugh at something that is not supposed to be funny immediately. 1 It's something you can learn and improve.By doing the following things，you can develop your sense of humour. 2 Practicing humour and making people laugh involves communicating with others.Knowing what makes people annoyed and what can offend (冒犯) them is essential. 3 While some people can stand this kind of comedy，others will not，so it's essential to keep this in mind when trying to improve your sense of humour.Offending somebody is the last thing you want to happen，and if it does occur，don't forget to apologize. Practice your humour.Developing a good sense of humour is not something you can improve in just a single day.Instead，it takes effort and practice.And getting a laugh out of someone can be challenging.Try practicing with your close friends and family first，and see if they find your jokes funny. 4 You can also make some adjustments based on their advice. Look at the bright side of things.Humour doesn't only come from cheerful or optimistic situations.It can come out even from difficult or troubling situations. 5 Dark humour comes from unpleasant and terrible topics like death and making jokes out of such subjects.Care must be done when giving such kind of jokes as there might be sensitive people who don't take laughter when making fun of dark situations. A．Learn and practice good timing. B．Take your audience into account. C．A very typical example of this is dark humour. D．Afterward，it is wise of you to try it with other groups of people. E．Cruel humour usually happens when you make some funny responses. F．However，sometimes a good sense of humour is not a strictly inborn talent. G．Some jokes involve making fun of other people's faults，sadness or sufferings. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养幽默感的三种方法。 1．答案：F 解析：根据空前“Some people seem to born...to be funny immediately.”和空后“It's something you can learn and improve.By doing the following things，you can develop your sense of humour.”可知，此段是在讲幽默感的来源。空前说幽默感可能是天生的，而空后说幽默感是我们可以通过学习来提高。因此，该空与前后是转折关系。F项“然而，有时好的幽默感并不是与生俱来的”符合语境。故选F。 2．答案：B 解析：根据后文“Practicing humour and making people laugh...offend (冒犯) them is essential.”和“While some people can stand this kind of comedy，others will not”可知，幽默和逗人笑要与人交流，有些人能够忍受，有些人则不能，说明我们在提高幽默感时一定要考虑到听众。因此，B项“考虑到你的听众”符合语境。故选B。 3．答案：G 解析：根据空后“While some people can stand...improve your sense of humour.”可知，有些人能够忍受调侃别人的痛苦，有些人则不能，提高幽默感不能以冒犯别人为前提。因此，G项“有些笑话是取笑别人的错误和伤心痛苦的事”符合语境。故选G。 4．答案：D 解析：根据空前“Try practicing with your close friends and family first，and see if they find your jokes funny.”和空后“You can also make some adjustments based on their advice.”可知，提高幽默感首先可以在家人朋友面前练习，然后在其他人面前尝试，还可以根据他们建议做出调整，因此D项“之后，你在其他人身上尝试它，这是很明智的”符合语境，前后文为顺承关系。故选D。 5．答案：C 解析：根据空后“Dark humour comes from...when making fun of dark situations.”可知，后文以黑色幽默举例说明提高幽默感要关注听众。因此，C项“一个十分典型的例子就是黑色幽默”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2024·河南省济源一中高二上期中) Charlie Chaplin 1. (bear) in London on April 16，1889.His parents were music hall 2. (performer)，and he first appeared on the stage in a dance act at the age of eight. While 3. (make) his short films，Chaplin put together the characters of the tramp.He developed this 4. (fool)，yet lovable little man through successive films，creating a character that audiences laughed at yet sympathized with at 5. same time.Chaplin's tramp appeared in such classic films as The Kid (1921) 6. The Gold Rush (1925)．In Modern Times (1936)，he combined comedy 7. social commentary and fine technical craftsmanship.As World War Ⅱ 8. (begin)，Chaplin made The Great Dictator (1940)，9. was intended to ridicule the German dictator Adolf Hitler. In 1972 he visited the United States to accept a special film award，and in 1975 he was knighted by the queen of England.He 10. (die) in Switzerland on December 25，1977. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卓别林的一生，他的部分代表作及他的作品表达的意义。 1．答案：was born 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意及句子结构可知，卓别林的出生发生在过去，且主语为单数，故填was born。 2．答案：performers 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据主语His parents是复数及动词were可知，后接名词复数，故填performers。 3．答案：making 解析：考查状语从句的省略。本句为状语从句的省略，还原为：“While (Chaplin was )making...”表示“当做……时”，故填making。 4．答案：foolish 解析：考查词性转换。根据连词yet可知，此处应与形容词lovable词性一致，修饰little man，故填foolish。 5．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。固定搭配at the same time(与此同时)，故填the。 6．答案：and 解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，The Kid和The Gold Rush是两个并列成分，需用并列连词连接，故填and。 7．答案：with 解析：考查介词。固定短语combine...with...(将……与……结合)，故填with。 8．答案：began 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此句是一般过去时，应填动词的过去式，故填began。 9．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词The Great Dictator，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 10．答案：died 解析：考查动词的时态。他的去世发生在过去，所以时态应是一般过去时，故填died。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$