Unit 2 Strong mind（知识清单）英语沪教版五四学制2024七年级上册

Unit2 Strong mind Strong mind 话题 意志力 词汇 1.radio n.无线电广播;收音机p. 30 2.deal v. 处理p. 30 3.deal with 处理p. 30 4.fear n.害怕;担忧p. 31 5.deep adj. 低沉的;深的p. 31 6.rough adj.令人不舒服的;粗糙的p. 31 7.belief /n.信念;相信p. 31 8.ourselves pron.(we的反身形式)我们自己p. 31 9.weak adj.虚弱的;无力的 p. 31 10.heart n.心脏;内心p. 32 11.paper cutting 剪纸p. 32 12.difficulty n.困难p. 32 13.teenager n.青少年 p. 32 14.honest adj.坦率的;诚实的 p. 33 15.alive adj.继续存在的;p. 33 16.mascot n.吉祥物p. 34 17.dream v.梦想;做梦p. 34 18.final adj. 最终的p. 34 19.sink v.下沉;沉没p. 34 20.later adv.随后;后来p. 34 21.news n.消息p. 34 22.funny adj.滑稽的;好笑的 p. 34 23.costume n.服装;演出服p. 34 24.instead adv. 代替p. 34 25.instead of 代替p. 34 26.had better 最好p. 34 27.disappointment n.失望p. 34 28.respond v.作出反应;回应p. 34 29.ring v.回响p. 34 30.after all 毕竟p. 34 31.decide v. 决定p. 35 32.become v.变成p. 35 33.through prep. 凭借p. 35 34.preparation n.准备p. 35 35.breath n.呼吸;呼气p. 35 36.crowd n.观众;人群p. 35 37.chant v. 反复呼喊;反复唱 p.35 38.bright adj. 快活而生气勃勃的;明亮的p. 35 39.coach n.教练p. 35 40.enter v.进来p. 35 41.enter for报名参加p. 35 42.design v.设计p. 35 43.competition n.竞争;比赛p. 35 44.chance n.机会p. 35 45.past adj.过去的;以往的prep.经过p. 40 46.deskmate n.同桌p. 40 47.while n.一会儿;一段时间conj.(对比两件事物)然而p. 40 48.firmly adv.坚定地；坚固地p. 40 短语 1.成立一个特别小组set up a special group 2.制作了一个广播节目make a radio programme 3.一个访谈节目 a talk show 4.应对恐惧deal with fear 5.低沉而粗犷的嗓音 a deep and rough voice 6.过去常常used to 7.发表演讲 give talks 8.一直告诉我keep telling me 9.足够勇敢 be brave enough 10.像我一样的孩子kids like me 11.以前害怕说话used to be afraid of speaking. 12.把我的身高看作是个弱点think of my height as a weakness 13.嘲笑别人make fun of others 14.为自己感到骄傲be proud of themselves/who they are 15.无畏地表达自己的想法speak out without fear 16.面临许多困难meet with/face many difficulties 17.做错事do something wrong 18.筹钱 collect/raise 19.纪念他的爷爷remember his grandpa 20.对自己感觉良好feel good about ourselves 21.追逐他们的梦想go after/chase their money dreams 22.说实话 to be honest 23.做一些别的事情do something else 24.继承中国传统keep Chinese traditions alive 25.剪纸do paper cutting 26.是什么让你坚持....?What makes you keep on with ...? 27.你对...有什么看法?How do you feel about ...?/What do you think of...? 28.你最喜欢...? What do you like best ...? 29.在她名字旁边next to her name 30.在最终的队员名单中in the final team list 31.穿着滑稽服装的女孩a girl in a funny costume 32.放弃希望 give up hope 33.对你有好处be good for you 34.在我脑中回响ring in my head 35.感受到足球场的呼唤feel the call of the football field 36.毕竟 after all 37.通过精心的准备through careful preparation 38.穿上演出服put on the costume 39.深吸一口气take a deep breath 40.像向日葵一样灿烂as bright as a sunflower 41.偶遇教练run into the coach 42.梦想着在学校足球队踢球dreamed of playing on her school football team 43.事情不会总是按照你的意愿发展。Things won't always go your way. 44.报名参加设计比赛enter for the designing competition 45.每一次失望都会带来新的机会! With every disappointment comes a new chance! 42.盲目地跟从别人follow others blindly 43.取笑那个穷孩子make fun of that poor kid 44.对我的朋友感到生气feel angry with my friend 45.写日记write a diary 46.平静下来cool down/calm down 47.保持沉默keep silent 48.用一种冷静的方式in a calm way/manner 49.在意她的身高care about her height 50.关注她的外表 focus on how she looks 51.在拼写竞赛上in the spelling competition 52.感到焦虑feel worried 53.浪费时间玩游戏waste time playing games 54.不停地扯我的头发keep pulling my hair 55.变得更糟get worse 56.思考了一会儿think for a while 57.别那样做了stop doing that 58.跟我说对不起say sorry to me 59.我再也忍受不了这个噪音了。I can't/couldn't bear/stand the noise any more/longer. 60.我的担忧终于消失了。My worry finally went away. 61.勇敢地说出来speak out bravely 62.处理负面情绪deal with negative feelings 63.让事情变得更好make things better 64.分享类似的经历 share similar experiences 65.提出建议give advice 66.让人感觉更好make people feel better 67.帮助你冷静下来help you calm down/calm you down 68.试试看(它们) give them a try 69.在面对恐惧或困难时in the face of fears or difficulties 70.来自学习的压力 pressure from studies 71.为我们的学习设定目标set goals for our studies 72.朝着我们的目标努力work towards our goals 73.害怕犯错be afraid of(making) mistakes 74.把它们看作成长的机会see them as a chance to grow 75.寻求帮助ask for help 76.感到孤独feel lonely 77.成为青少年是一件很棒的事情。It's wonderful to be a teenager. 78.你听说过呼吸练习吗?Have you heard of breathing exercises? 79.你并不孤单!You are not alone! 语法 情态动词 had better 、need的用法 考点1. radio n.无线电广播；收音机 【提示】常用turn on/off the radio 表示“打开/关闭收音机”。 I sat down and turned on the radio.我坐了下来，打开了收音机。 常用on/over the radio 表示“在电台里(听到某些内容)”。 Did you hear the news on the radio this morning?你听到今天早上电台里的新闻了吗? 考点2. fear n.害怕；担忧 I have a fear of heights. 我有恐高症。 The girl's parents expressed fears for her safety.女孩的父母表达了对她安全的担忧。 【提示】fear 也可作动词，表示“害怕；畏惧；惧怕”。 What do you fear most?你最怕什么? 【联想】fearful adj. 担心的；担忧的；忧虑的 fearless adj.不怕的；无畏的；大胆的 speak out without fear此处可以理解为“无畏地发声”。 speak out (尤指对有强烈感受的话题)公开发表意见，坦率地说出 通常指在公开场合大胆地说出自己的意见或感受，通常是针对某种不公正 或不合理的情况，表示不满或反对。这个短语强调了表达自己的观点或立 场的勇气和坚定性。 考点3. weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的；(能力)弱的；微弱的 She is too weak to get up.她太虚弱了，起不了床。 He was always weak at languages but strong in science. 他一向在语言方面不擅长，但理科很拿手。 Do you hear a weak voice?你有没有听到微弱的声音? 【联想】weakness n.虚弱；弱点 weakness in the right arm右手的无力感 The plan has strengths and weaknesses.这个计划既有优点也有缺点。 考点4. difficulty n.困 难 We finished the job with great difficulty.我们非常艰难地完成了工作。 【提示】difficulty可以作可数名词用，表示具体的“难处、困境、问题”,也可以作不可数名词，表示“难度、阻碍、麻烦”等。 如： People learning a new language often face some difficulties at first.人们学习一门新语言之初常常会遇到一些困难。 Have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.做某事方面有困难 She had great difficulty (in) finding a job.她找工作极其困难。 【联想】difficult adj. 困难的 考点5. follow v.追随；拥护；仿效 有类似用法的短语还有：follow one's step(追随某人的步伐),follow the example(学习榜样);follow the crowd(随大流)。 【提示】follow 作为动词还有其他有多种含义。 如： A dog followed us home一条狗跟着我们回了家。(跟随；跟着) Follow the road for two miles,then turn left.沿着这条路走两公里，然后向 左转。(沿着) Why didn't you follow my advice? 你为什么不听我的劝告?(接受；遵循； 听从) The plot is almost impossible to follow. 故事情节几乎叫人看不懂。(明白； 理解) 常见词组有as follows(如下)。 如： The opening hours are as follows ...营业时间如下…… 考点6.run v. 经营；管理 He is running a fast food restaurant now.他现在经营一家快餐店。 【提示】run 作动词还有其他有多种含义，如： I can run 1.5 km in five minutes.我可以在5分钟里跑1.5公里。(奔跑；跑步) The film runs for two hours.这电影时长两个小时。(持续；使……持续) Jane ran her finger along the page.简的手指划过页面。(使……移动) Stay away frthe machine when it is running. 当机器在运转时离它远点。 (运转；使……运作) 考点7.honest adj.坦率的；诚实的 He was an honest man.他是个诚实的人。(注意honest之前用an,不用a) Be honest about your feelings,please.请诚实地表达你的感受。 【提示】to be honest(=what I really think is) 是口语化的常用短语，意思是“坦白说；说实话”。 honest意为“坦率；坦诚”时，近义词为 frank; 意为“诚实”时，反义词为dishonest。 honest的名词为 honesty(坦率；诚实)。 考点8.alive adj. 继续存在的；活着的 Ancient traditions are very much alive in this area.古老的传统在这个地区依然活跃。 It was a bad accident —they're lucky to be alive.事故很严重，他们能活下来真是幸运。 【提示】alive 意为“活着”时，反义词是dead 。alive 在句中作宾语补足语，进一步说明了宾语Chinese tradition的状态或性质。另外，alive多用作表 语或后置定语，不能放在名词前面。如： These people stayed alive by catching and eating fish.这些人靠抓鱼和吃鱼来维持生命。(作表语) No man alive is greater than him.在活着的人中，没有人比他更伟大了。 (作后置定语，修饰man) 考点9. disappointment n.失 望 To my great disappointment, he decided to leave.让我大失所望的是，他决定离开。 The party was a huge disappointment at last.聚会最终令人大失所望。 【联想】disappointed adj.感到失望的 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 Mike's parents were very disappointed with him.麦克的父母对他非常失望。 【联想】disappointing adj.令人失望的 We hoped to win,but the result was quite disappointing.我们想赢，但是结果令人失望。 【联想】disappoint v.使失望 They don't want to disappoint the fans.他们不想让粉丝们失望。 考点10.ring(rang,rung) v. 回响 My head is still ringing frthe sound of the music.乐声仍然在我脑中回响。 The house rang with children's laughter.屋子里回响着孩子们的笑声。 【提示】动词 ring 还有“给……打电话；(使)发出钟声；响起铃声”的意思。 I ring home once a week to tell my parents I'm okay.我每周往家打一次电话向父母报平安。 Someone was ringing the doorbell.有人在按门铃。 ring也可用作名词，有多种含义。 如： The children sat in a ring around the teacher.孩子们围着老师坐成一圈。(圆圈、环状物) I'll give you a ring tomorrow.我明天给你打电话。 (一通电话) There was a ring at the door.门铃响了。(铃声；钟声) Mary is wearing a wedding ring. 玛丽戴着结婚戒指。(戒指) 考点11.through prep. 凭借；通过 Through his hard work,Thompson was able to make his dream come true. 通过不懈努力，汤普森最终让梦想成真。 【提示】此处，through是一个介词，表示“途径；方法”。 through 作介词，还有其他含义和用法。 如： They walked slowly through the forest.他们缓步穿过森林。(通过；穿越) It rained all through J une.整个六月都在下雨。(自始至终；从头到尾) 考点12.crowd n.观众；人群 There were crowds of shoppers in the street.街上挤满了购物的人群。 A large crowd gathered to watch the game 一大群人聚集起来观看比赛。 【提示】当crowd 表示“一群人”时，它是集合名词，看作单数，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。名词crowd 常 跟of一起使用。 A crowd of about 15,000 attended the concert.大约有15000人出席了音乐会。 crowd也可以作动词，意思是“挤；挤满”。 Hundreds of people crowded into the shopping mall.成百上千的人涌入购物中心。 【联想】crowded adj.人(太)多的；拥挤的 As New Year gets closer,the shops get more and more crowded.随着新年的临近，商店的人越来越多。 crowded常与介词with 搭配，be crowded with相当于be full of。 In summer,the place is crowded with surfers.夏季，这地方满是冲浪者。 语法精讲——情态动词had better和need用法 had better的用法 【教材典句】 1. You’d better be on time for your lessons. 2. You’d better go and see a doctor. 【语法全解】 had better 是一个固定短语，意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点： 1. had better 后面必须跟动词原形。 had better 后跟动词原形（即不带to的不定式），构成had better do sth.短语，had不能用have来替换。 You’d better go to hospital at once. Tom, you’d better go there today. 2. 主语无论是第几人称，无论用什么时态，都要用had better的形式。 Now you/ he/ we had better listen to the teacher. 3. had better的否定式：常用的否定形式是将not直接放在had better的后面。 You had better not miss the last bus. 【拓展】英语中，表示建议的方式有很多，归纳起来还有以下几种常见的句型： 表达方式 句型结构 含义 实例 直接建议法 Let’s+ 动词原形. 表示“我们一起做某事吧” Let’s go shopping. 委婉建议法 Shall we +动词原形 表示“我们做某事好吗？” Shall we go out for a walk? Would you mind (not) + 动名词 表示“你介意（不）做某事吗？/你（不要）做某事好吗？” Would you mind not opening the window? 征求性建议法 How about/ What about + 名词、代词或动名词 表示“做某事怎么样？” How about playing basketball? 责备性建议法 Why don’t you/ Why not + 动词原形？ 表示“你为什么不做某事呢？” Why not ask your teacher? 请求性建议法 Would/ Could/ you please do/ not do sth.? 表示“请你做/不要做某事好吗？” Would you please wait for me at the school gate? Would you like to do/ not to do sth.? 表示“你想做/不想做某事吗？” Would you like to have a rest? need用法解析 1． 用作实义动词 作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does. 1．need sth.（表示“需要”或“必须”） 这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如： 1). We need a great deal of money now. 我们需要很多钱。 2). They don’t it any more. 他们不再需要它了。 3). Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗? 2．need doing 与 need to be done need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； ②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： 4). The door needs painting.    = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 5). Your car needs mending.    = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 3．need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如： 6). What do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？ 7). Will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？ 8). You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你妈妈。 2． 用作情态动词 作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征： ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化； ②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。 ③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。 这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如： Need I type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？ There is enough time. You needn’t hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。 The president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。 ---Must I hand in my homework now?  现在我必须交作业吗？ ---No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 三．用作名词 need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需） 与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如： There’s no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。 The factory is in great need of funds. 那家工厂急需资金。 This house of the 1790’s can even meet the needs of the 21st century. 这栋18世纪90年代的房子甚至能够满足21世纪的需要。 一、单项选择 1．—Must I finish the school project today? —No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow since you are a little tired today. A．must B．need C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我今天必须完成学校的作业吗？——不，你不需要。既然你今天有点累，你可以明天再做。 考查情态动词。must必须；need需要；mustn’t不可以；needn’t不需要。结合“Must I finish the school project today?”是对“Must”位于句首的一般疑问句，其肯定回答为“Yes, you must”，而否定回答为“No, you needn’t”。结合“No, you...”可知，该处是否定回答。故选D。 2．You’d better ________ down the names of the players. A．writes B．write C．to write D．writing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好写下运动员的名字。 考查had better的用法。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，空处应填动词原形。故选B。 3．Tom, you had better ________ there today. A．go B．to go C．going D．to going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆，你最好今天去那里。 考查情态动词用法。情态动词had better后接动词原形，had better do sth“最好做某事”。故选A。 4．You’ve already finished your homework. You ________ do it again. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need to D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你已经完成家庭作业了。你不需要再做了。 考查need的词性。needn’t不需要，情态动词，后接动词原形；don’t need不需要，一般现在时的否定形式，后接不定式to do；need to需要做，动词不定式need to do；need需要，情态动词或动词。根据题意可知，此句是否定句，空后是动词原形do，所以应用needn’t，即情态动词后接动词原形。故选A。 5．You ________ worry about the show. Everything will be perfect. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必担心演出，一切都会很完美。 考查情态动词用法。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“...worry about the show. Everything will be perfect.”可知，没有必要担心，一切都会很完美，故选D。 6．Chris isn’t tired, so he ________ have a rest. A．not need B．doesn’t need C．doesn’t need to D．not need to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Chris不累，所以他不需要休息。 考查need用法。need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作为情态动词时，后跟动词原形；作为实义动词时，常用短语need to do“需要做”。A选项形式错误，排除；B选项need是实义动词，后面需要用不定式结构；C选项正确；D选项否定形式错误，应用doesn’t。故选C。 7．You ________ to the party this evening if you have something important to do. A．don’t need come B．need to come C．needn’t come D．need come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你有重要的事情要做，你今晚就不必来参加聚会了。 考查need的用法。need作情态动词时，否定为needn’t，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，变否定要用助动词don’t。根据“if you have something important to do”可知，如果你有重要的事情要做，你不必去今晚的聚会，此处要用needn’t，意为“不必”；needn’t do sth.意为“不必做某事”。故选C。 8．It’s very cold. You’d better ________ your warm clothes. A．wearing B．wears C．to wear D．wear 【答案】D 【详解】句意：天非常冷。你最好穿上暖和的衣服。 考查had better的用法。had better do sth“最好做某事”，因此填动词原形。故选D。 9．It seems that it is going to rain. You’d better ________ the windows open when you go out. A．leave B．not leave C．to leave D．not to leave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看来要下雨了。你出去的时候最好不要让窗户开着。 考查情态动词的用法。根据“It seems that it is going to rain.”可知，此处是指最好不要让窗户开着，had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”。故选B。 10．Nancy is your younger sister. You’d better ________ with her. You should get on well with her. A．argue B．not argue C．to argue D．not to argue 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Nancy是你的妹妹。你最好不要和她争论。你应该和她好好相处。 考查情态动词短语。argue争论；not argue不要争论；to argue去争论；not to argue不要去争论。根据“You should get on well with her.”可知，此处是在说你最好不要和她争论。“had better”表示“最好……”，后接动词原形；其否定形式是“had better not+动词原形”，表示“最好不要……”，应填not argue。故选B。 11．No matter what problem you meet with, you’d better ________ your heart. A．lose B．not lose C．not to lose D．not losing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：无论你遇到什么问题，你最好不要灰心。 考查非谓语动词。根据“you’d better ... your heart”可知，此处是建议对方最好不要灰心，you’d better not do sth“你最好不要做某事”，固定搭配。故选B。 12．I think you’d better ________ a hotel right now. A．to book B．booking C．book D．books 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想你最好现在就预订酒店。 考查情态动词用法。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，固定用法。故选C。 13．You ________ finish that work today. We’ve got enough time to finish it. A．can B．can’t C．need D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必今天完成那项工作。我们有足够的时间完成它。 考查情态动词。can能够；can’t不能；need需要；needn’t不需要。根据“We’ve got enough time to finish it.”可知，有足够的时间完成它，所以今天不需要全部完成，故选D。 14．You ________ worry before an exam. Just work hard and be well prepared. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：考试前你不必担心，只要努力学习，做好准备。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；may not可能不；needn’t不必。根据“Just work hard and be well prepared.”可知，这里表达的意思是：考试前你不必担心，只有努力学习，做好准备。所以填needn’t (不必)。故选D。 15．—Must I finish it now? —No, you ________. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．may not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须得现在完成它吗？——不，你不必。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，不得；can’t不能；may not可能不会。根据“Must I finish it now?”可知，以情态动词must开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to。故选A。 二、阅读理解 It is hard to think about how a girl spends her life when only the head and hands are able to move. Xu Ruiyang is a girl from Kunming. She got ill at the age of 2. At that time the doctor said that she could only live for a few years. Hearing that, her parents were heartbroken, but after crying, they still tried to teach her lots of things. Some easy things, like opening a book or putting up the hands, are difficult for Xu. She has to use her head, mouth and hands to do these things. When she started learning to write, she couldn’t even take a pen at first. But after hard work, she could finally write about 500 Chinese characters (汉字) before being a primary school student． Thanks to her parents, Xu is a sunny girl. “If we are not able to make her live longer, we can make her life wider (更宽的),” said Xu’s father. They travelled across China and more than 20 other countries all over the world. During these trips, she met many new friends and became full of hope for life. Now Xu is a student at Sichuan International Studies University. “Life is short and problems are always there,” said Xu. “But I’ll make good use of my time and be a happy person.” 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 16．What do the doctor’s words mean? A．Xu got badly ill. B．Xu was a very clever girl. C．Xu could live a long life. D．Xu could live happily in a few years. 17．What does the underlined word “heartbroken” mean? A．Very busy. B．Very sad. C．Very happy. D．Very bored. 18．Which is the right time order of the following facts ? ①Xu’s parents taught her some easy things after hearing the doctors’ words. ② Xu studies at Sichuan International Studies University. ③ Xu was ill when she was 2 years old. ④Xu learned to write Chinese characters before being a primary school student. A．①③④② B．①④②③ C．③①④② D．③④①② 19．What does the writer want to tell us through the passage? A．Hobbies play an important part in our lives. B．Studying is the best hobby for everyone in the world. C．A strong mind and hope for life can help you be a good person. D．Parents always do the most for us in our life. 20．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a travelling ad. B．In a science book. C．In a student newspaper. D．In a sports magazine. 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自昆明的阳光女孩徐瑞阳在只有头、嘴和手能够移动的情况下，依然在父母的帮助下快乐积极生活的故事。 16．推理判断题。根据“At that time the doctor said that she could only live for a few years.”可知，医生说她只能活几年了，因此医生的意思是她得了很严重的病。故选A。 17．词义猜测题。根据“At that time the doctor said that she could only live for a few years.”可知，听到医生说她的病很严重，她的父母很伤心，因此划线单词的意思是“非常伤心”。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“She got ill at the age of 2.”；“but after crying, they still tried to teach her lots of things. Some easy things, like opening a book or putting up the hands, are difficult for Xu.”；“But after hard work, she could finally write about 500 Chinese characters (汉字) before being a primary school student.”以及“Now Xu is a student at Sichuan International Studies University.”可知，正确的顺序是③①④②。故选C。 19．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了来自昆明的阳光女孩徐瑞阳在只有头、嘴和手能够移动的情况下，依然在父母的帮助下快乐积极生活的故事，因此作者想告诉我们：强大的思想和对生活的希望可以帮助你成为一个好人。故选C。 20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了来自昆明的阳光女孩徐瑞阳在只有头、嘴和手能够移动的情况下，依然在父母的帮助下快乐积极生活的故事。因此这篇文章可能在一份学生报纸上看到。故选C。 Life always has some precious memories that can be caught by a camera. Here are four photos chosen from thousands of ones. The photographers also share the stories behind these photos. Click “” to give your favourite one a like before January 30, 2024. The winner who receives the most likes will get a camera—Canon 4000D． During the year my daughter Anna got into college, my mother was suffering from Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默症). She kept talking about buying Anna a new phone as a present! I told her Anna had already got one, but she would ask several times every day. So I took this photo in the winter holiday. Whenever she asked about it, I would show her the photo. (Bob) At first, Wang Ming said he looked down upon his job. But every time he delivered medicine to sick people, carried essential items for the elderly upstairs, or brought a warm dinner to those working overtime (加班), he realized the importance of his job. Gradually, he fell in love with it. I interviewed him and took a photo during his work. See, there’s sunshine in his smile. (Li Hao) This is a photo of our family member, Tiantian. Look! How high she’s jumping! Over a year ago, we found a yellow kitten with a broken leg next to the rubbish bin. My daughter insisted on taking her to the hospital. At last, I agreed. To our great surprise, the doctor saved her leg and two months later, she became healthy again. (Jenny) My wife Zoe is a runner. Running her first marathon in a wheelchair was really tough, but she worked hard to get ready for it. On the race day, she told me she felt a mix of excitement and nervousness. The cheers from the crowd gave her the energy to keep going. When she finally crossed the finish line, I caught this unforgettable moment. Being disabled doesn’t stop her from moving forward and achieving her goals. I’m so proud of my wife. (Peter) 21．We can probably read the page from a _________. A．diary B．website C．book D．brochure 22．_________ has the best chance to win the prize of a camera so far. A．Bob B．Li Hao C．Jenny D．Peter 23．The underlined word “it” refers to _________. A．working overtime B．working as a delivery man C．a photo during the work D．the sunshine in the smile 24．Which of the photos was posted by Jenny? A． B． C． D． 25．Which of the following sentences is NOT TRUE? A．Bob took the photo to help his mother remember Anna. B．Wang Ming changed the attitude towards his job. C．In the end, the doctor saved Tiantian’s leg successfully. D．Zoe is probably a hard-working and strong-minded woman. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇新媒体语篇。文章主要介绍了四张照片背后的故事。 21．推理判断题。根据“Click ‘’ to give your favourite one a like before January 30, 2024.”可知，给最喜欢的一张照片点赞，由此可推断，可以在网站上看到这篇文章。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“The winner who receives the most likes will get a camera—Canon 4000D.”和Peter照片下的点赞数1379可知，Peter目前得到了最多的赞，所以最有机会获胜。故选D。 23．词义猜测题。根据“But every time he delivered medicine to sick people, carried essential items for the elderly upstairs, or brought a warm dinner to those working overtime (加班), he realized the importance of his job. Gradually, he fell in love with it.”可知，但每次他给病人送药，给老人拿必需品上楼，或者给加班的人送一顿温暖的晚餐时，他都意识到自己工作的重要性。渐渐地，他爱上了它。所以划线词指代“当外卖员”。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据“Look! How high she’s jumping! Over a year ago, we found a yellow kitten with a broken leg next to the rubbish bin.”可知，这张照片应是一张黄色小猫跳得很高的照片。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据“She kept talking about buying Anna a new phone as a present! I told her Anna had already got one, but she would ask several times every day. So I took this photo in the winter holiday. Whenever she asked about it, I would show her the photo.”可知，Bob拍这张照片是为了提醒妈妈，Anna已经有手机了，而不是让妈妈记起Anna。故选A。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is about a 26 how the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军) fought 27 the US army at Lake Changjin in Korea. In the war, the weather was 28 cold and Chinese soldiers only had 29 clothes and little food. What’s more, the US army had much 30 weapons (武器) than us. So the US army thought it was not 31 to win the war. To their surprise, Chinese soldiers kept on fighting for one month under such bad situations. Finally, Chinese army 32 with a strong mind. During the National Day holiday, people of all 33 wanted to watch it. Young people came to the cinema to enjoy this exciting and moving film. Many people over 70 and even 80 also came to watch this movie. It is not easy for these elderly people to sit in the cinema, 34 this movie lasts for 3 hours. Still, they said the movie 35 back the memory (记忆) of old days and the mind of Chinese soldiers to them. 26．A．art B．story C．book D．history 27．A．against B．for C．to D．on 28．A．time B．hardly C．so D．much 29．A．nice B．many C．thin D．warm 30．A．good B．better C．best D．worse 31．A．easy B．important C．difficult D．necessary 32．A．won B．agreed C．accepted D．failed 33．A．minds B．colors C．jobs D．ages 34．A．if B．because C．though D．since 35．A．gave B．thought C．brought D．chose 【答案】 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了《长津湖》这部电影主要讲述的内容以及它给人们带来的影响。 26．句意：电影《长津湖战役》讲述了中国人民志愿军在朝鲜长津湖与美军作战的历史。 art艺术；story故事；book书籍；history历史。根据“how the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army fought... the US army at Lake Changjin in Korea.”可知，这是一个关于真实历史的电影。故选D。 27．句意：电影《长津湖战役》讲述了中国人民志愿军在朝鲜长津湖与美军作战的历史。 against反对；for为了；to朝；on在……之上。根据“fight against sb和谁做斗争”和“the US army”可知，这里是指和美军打仗。故选A。 28．句意：在战争中，天气非常寒冷，中国士兵只有单薄的衣服和很少的食物。 time时间；hardly几乎不；so这么，很；much很多。根据“and Chinese soldiers only had...clothes and little food.” 可知，这里是指天气很冷。故选C。 29．句意：在战争中，天气非常寒冷，中国士兵只有单薄的衣服和很少的食物。 nice美好的；many很多；thin单薄的；warm温暖的。根据“clothes and little food.”可知，前后是一致的，这里是指衣服和食物都很少。故选C。 30．句意：更重要的是，美军的武器比我们好得多。 good好的，原级；better较好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级；worse较差的，比较级。根据“had much...weapons than us.”可知，该空要用比较级，结合语境可知，美军的武器比我们好。故选B。 31．句意：所以美军认为赢得这场战争并不难。 easy容易的；important重要的；difficult困难的；necessary必要的。根据“What’s more, the US army had much...weapons than us. So the US army thought it was not...to win the war.”可知，美军的武器比我们好得多，所以他们觉得赢得战争不难。故选C。 32．句意：最后，中国军队凭借坚强的意志取得了胜利。 won赢；agreed同意；accepted接受；failed失败。根据“with a strong mind.”可知，中国是凭借坚强的意志取得了胜利。故选A。 33．句意：国庆期间，各个年龄段的人都想看这部电影。 minds主意；colors颜色；jobs工作；ages年龄段。根据“people of all...wanted to watch it.”可知，这里是指各个年龄段。故选D。 34．句意：对于这些老人来说，坐在电影院是不容易的，因为这部电影要持续3个小时。 if假如；because因为；though尽管；since自从。根据“It is not easy for these elderly people to sit in the cinema,”和“this movie lasts for 3 hours.”可知，前后两句构成因果关系。故选B。 35．句意：但是，他们说，这部电影唤起了他们对过去的记忆和中国军人的思想。 gave给予；thought认为；brought带来；chose选择。根据固定搭配“brought back带回，唤起”和“Still, they said the movie...back the memory of old days”可知，这里是指这部电影唤起了他们对过去的记忆。故选C。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Did you hear the name——Su Bingtian? He was born in 1989 in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province. When he was a child, he was good at running. When he was 15, he went to a special school for the players. He got up early and ran hard every day, so he made great progress (进步). Slowly, he took part in some races and got good grades. But it’s not easy to make the dream come true. Because of an injury (受伤), Su Bingtian had to stop running for several years. He even planned to retire (退役) in 2017. But he still wanted to challenge himself, so he went back to the team. He keep exercising every day. Su Bingtian trained even harder than before. At last, Su Bingtian made his dream come true. He set a new record of 9.83 seconds in Men’s 100 m semifinals (半决赛) of Tokyo Olympic Games, making him the first Chinese runner to come to the final in the event. He made history and brought an amazing day to the world in the summer of 2021. We should learn from Su Bingtian. He has a strong mind, and never gives up. 36．Where was Su Bingtian born? 37．How old did Su Bingtian go to a special school for the players? 38．Why did Su Bingtian stop running for several years? 39．Did Su Bingtian make his dream come true at last? 40．What should we learn from Su Bingtian? 【答案】36．In Zhongshan, Guangdong Province. 37．At the age of 15. 38．Because of an injury. 39．Yes, he did. 40．He has a strong mind, and never gives up. 【导语】本文主要介绍了苏炳添通过自己的努力实现梦想的故事。 36．根据“He was born in 1989 in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province.”可知他出生在广东省中山。故答案为：In Zhongshan, Guangdong Province. 37．根据“When he was 15, he went to a special school for the players.”可知他15岁时去了特殊学校做运动员。故答案为：At the age of 15. 38．根据“Because of an injury, Su Bingtian had to stop running for several years.”可知由于受伤，苏炳添不得不中止跑步几年。故答案为：Because of an injury. 39．根据“At last, Su Bingtian made his dream come true.”可知苏炳添实现了自己的梦想。故答案为：Yes, he did. 40．根据“We should learn from Su Bingtian.He has a strong mind, and never gives up.”可知我们应该向苏炳添学习坚强的意志且永不放弃的精神。故答案为：He has a strong mind, and never gives up. 五、书面表达 41．Write a passage of at least 60 words based on the situation below. 生活中，每个人都会遇到各种各样的挑战和问题，只要我们积极面对，一切问题都能解决，我们也能从中得到成长。请以“My problem (我的问题)”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。 (注意：文中不得出现人名、班级等个人信息，否则不予评分) Suggested questions: 1. What problem did you have？ 2. When did it happen? 3. What did you do to solve the problem? 4. How did you feel? My problem __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My problem Once I had a problem with my math homework. It happened last week when I was trying to solve a difficult problem. I felt confused and didn’t know what to do. To solve the problem, I decided to ask my mom for help. She explained the steps to me patiently. I listened carefully and tried to understand. After that, I practiced similar problems on my own. I felt happy and relieved when I finally solved it. It made me realize that if I face problems positively, I can overcome them and learn from them. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，描述个人经历； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”，因为讲述的是过去发生的事情； ③提示：写作要点已给出，包括遇到的问题、发生的时间、解决问题的方法以及解决后的感受，考生应注意不要遗漏这些要点，并适当添加细节来丰富文章内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引入话题。指出自己遇到的问题； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。按照以下四个方面详细描述：What problem did you have?（遇到的问题是什么）；When did it happen?（问题发生的时间）；What did you do to solve the problem?（如何解决问题的）；How did you feel?（你的感受）； 第三步，书写感受。描述在解决问题后的心情和收获。 [亮点词汇] ①have a problem with在……方面有问题 ②try to do sth. 尝试做某事 ③explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 ④overcome them 克服困难 [高分句型] ①It happened last week when I was trying to solve a difficult problem.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②I felt happy and relieved when I finally solved it.（when引导的时间状语从句） ③It made me realize that if I face problems positively, I can overcome them and learn from them.（that引导的宾语从句，其中包含if引导的条件状语从句） 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 Strong mind Strong mind 话题 意志力 词汇 1.radio n.无线电广播;收音机p. 30 2.deal v. 处理p. 30 3.deal with 处理p. 30 4.fear n.害怕;担忧p. 31 5.deep adj. 低沉的;深的p. 31 6.rough adj.令人不舒服的;粗糙的p. 31 7.belief /n.信念;相信p. 31 8.ourselves pron.(we的反身形式)我们自己p. 31 9.weak adj.虚弱的;无力的 p. 31 10.heart n.心脏;内心p. 32 11.paper cutting 剪纸p. 32 12.difficulty n.困难p. 32 13.teenager n.青少年 p. 32 14.honest adj.坦率的;诚实的 p. 33 15.alive adj.继续存在的;p. 33 16.mascot n.吉祥物p. 34 17.dream v.梦想;做梦p. 34 18.final adj. 最终的p. 34 19.sink v.下沉;沉没p. 34 20.later adv.随后;后来p. 34 21.news n.消息p. 34 22.funny adj.滑稽的;好笑的 p. 34 23.costume n.服装;演出服p. 34 24.instead adv. 代替p. 34 25.instead of 代替p. 34 26.had better 最好p. 34 27.disappointment n.失望p. 34 28.respond v.作出反应;回应p. 34 29.ring v.回响p. 34 30.after all 毕竟p. 34 31.decide v. 决定p. 35 32.become v.变成p. 35 33.through prep. 凭借p. 35 34.preparation n.准备p. 35 35.breath n.呼吸;呼气p. 35 36.crowd n.观众;人群p. 35 37.chant v. 反复呼喊;反复唱 p.35 38.bright adj. 快活而生气勃勃的;明亮的p. 35 39.coach n.教练p. 35 40.enter v.进来p. 35 41.enter for报名参加p. 35 42.design v.设计p. 35 43.competition n.竞争;比赛p. 35 44.chance n.机会p. 35 45.past adj.过去的;以往的prep.经过p. 40 46.deskmate n.同桌p. 40 47.while n.一会儿;一段时间conj.(对比两件事物)然而p. 40 48.firmly adv.坚定地；坚固地p. 40 短语 1.成立一个特别小组set up a special group 2.制作了一个广播节目make a radio programme 3.一个访谈节目 a talk show 4.应对恐惧deal with fear 5.低沉而粗犷的嗓音 a deep and rough voice 6.过去常常used to 7.发表演讲 give talks 8.一直告诉我keep telling me 9.足够勇敢 be brave enough 10.像我一样的孩子kids like me 11.以前害怕说话used to be afraid of speaking. 12.把我的身高看作是个弱点think of my height as a weakness 13.嘲笑别人make fun of others 14.为自己感到骄傲be proud of themselves/who they are 15.无畏地表达自己的想法speak out without fear 16.面临许多困难meet with/face many difficulties 17.做错事do something wrong 18.筹钱 collect/raise 19.纪念他的爷爷remember his grandpa 20.对自己感觉良好feel good about ourselves 21.追逐他们的梦想go after/chase their money dreams 22.说实话 to be honest 23.做一些别的事情do something else 24.继承中国传统keep Chinese traditions alive 25.剪纸do paper cutting 26.是什么让你坚持....?What makes you keep on with ...? 27.你对...有什么看法?How do you feel about ...?/What do you think of...? 28.你最喜欢...? What do you like best ...? 29.在她名字旁边next to her name 30.在最终的队员名单中in the final team list 31.穿着滑稽服装的女孩a girl in a funny costume 32.放弃希望 give up hope 33.对你有好处be good for you 34.在我脑中回响ring in my head 35.感受到足球场的呼唤feel the call of the football field 36.毕竟 after all 37.通过精心的准备through careful preparation 38.穿上演出服put on the costume 39.深吸一口气take a deep breath 40.像向日葵一样灿烂as bright as a sunflower 41.偶遇教练run into the coach 42.梦想着在学校足球队踢球dreamed of playing on her school football team 43.事情不会总是按照你的意愿发展。Things won't always go your way. 44.报名参加设计比赛enter for the designing competition 45.每一次失望都会带来新的机会! With every disappointment comes a new chance! 42.盲目地跟从别人follow others blindly 43.取笑那个穷孩子make fun of that poor kid 44.对我的朋友感到生气feel angry with my friend 45.写日记write a diary 46.平静下来cool down/calm down 47.保持沉默keep silent 48.用一种冷静的方式in a calm way/manner 49.在意她的身高care about her height 50.关注她的外表 focus on how she looks 51.在拼写竞赛上in the spelling competition 52.感到焦虑feel worried 53.浪费时间玩游戏waste time playing games 54.不停地扯我的头发keep pulling my hair 55.变得更糟get worse 56.思考了一会儿think for a while 57.别那样做了stop doing that 58.跟我说对不起say sorry to me 59.我再也忍受不了这个噪音了。I can't/couldn't bear/stand the noise any more/longer. 60.我的担忧终于消失了。My worry finally went away. 61.勇敢地说出来speak out bravely 62.处理负面情绪deal with negative feelings 63.让事情变得更好make things better 64.分享类似的经历 share similar experiences 65.提出建议give advice 66.让人感觉更好make people feel better 67.帮助你冷静下来help you calm down/calm you down 68.试试看(它们) give them a try 69.在面对恐惧或困难时in the face of fears or difficulties 70.来自学习的压力 pressure from studies 71.为我们的学习设定目标set goals for our studies 72.朝着我们的目标努力work towards our goals 73.害怕犯错be afraid of(making) mistakes 74.把它们看作成长的机会see them as a chance to grow 75.寻求帮助ask for help 76.感到孤独feel lonely 77.成为青少年是一件很棒的事情。It's wonderful to be a teenager. 78.你听说过呼吸练习吗?Have you heard of breathing exercises? 79.你并不孤单!You are not alone! 语法 情态动词 had better 、need的用法 考点1. radio n.无线电广播；收音机 【提示】常用turn on/off the radio 表示“打开/关闭收音机”。 I sat down and turned on the radio.我坐了下来，打开了收音机。 常用on/over the radio 表示“在电台里(听到某些内容)”。 Did you hear the news on the radio this morning?你听到今天早上电台里的新闻了吗? 考点2. fear n.害怕；担忧 I have a fear of heights. 我有恐高症。 The girl's parents expressed fears for her safety.女孩的父母表达了对她安全的担忧。 【提示】fear 也可作动词，表示“害怕；畏惧；惧怕”。 What do you fear most?你最怕什么? 【联想】fearful adj. 担心的；担忧的；忧虑的 fearless adj.不怕的；无畏的；大胆的 speak out without fear此处可以理解为“无畏地发声”。 speak out (尤指对有强烈感受的话题)公开发表意见，坦率地说出 通常指在公开场合大胆地说出自己的意见或感受，通常是针对某种不公正 或不合理的情况，表示不满或反对。这个短语强调了表达自己的观点或立 场的勇气和坚定性。 考点3. weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的；(能力)弱的；微弱的 She is too weak to get up.她太虚弱了，起不了床。 He was always weak at languages but strong in science. 他一向在语言方面不擅长，但理科很拿手。 Do you hear a weak voice?你有没有听到微弱的声音? 【联想】weakness n.虚弱；弱点 weakness in the right arm右手的无力感 The plan has strengths and weaknesses.这个计划既有优点也有缺点。 考点4. difficulty n.困 难 We finished the job with great difficulty.我们非常艰难地完成了工作。 【提示】difficulty可以作可数名词用，表示具体的“难处、困境、问题”,也可以作不可数名词，表示“难度、阻碍、麻烦”等。 如： People learning a new language often face some difficulties at first.人们学习一门新语言之初常常会遇到一些困难。 Have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.做某事方面有困难 She had great difficulty (in) finding a job.她找工作极其困难。 【联想】difficult adj. 困难的 考点5. follow v.追随；拥护；仿效 有类似用法的短语还有：follow one's step(追随某人的步伐),follow the example(学习榜样);follow the crowd(随大流)。 【提示】follow 作为动词还有其他有多种含义。 如： A dog followed us home一条狗跟着我们回了家。(跟随；跟着) Follow the road for two miles,then turn left.沿着这条路走两公里，然后向 左转。(沿着) Why didn't you follow my advice? 你为什么不听我的劝告?(接受；遵循； 听从) The plot is almost impossible to follow. 故事情节几乎叫人看不懂。(明白； 理解) 常见词组有as follows(如下)。 如： The opening hours are as follows ...营业时间如下…… 考点6.run v. 经营；管理 He is running a fast food restaurant now.他现在经营一家快餐店。 【提示】run 作动词还有其他有多种含义，如： I can run 1.5 km in five minutes.我可以在5分钟里跑1.5公里。(奔跑；跑步) The film runs for two hours.这电影时长两个小时。(持续；使……持续) Jane ran her finger along the page.简的手指划过页面。(使……移动) Stay away frthe machine when it is running. 当机器在运转时离它远点。 (运转；使……运作) 考点7.honest adj.坦率的；诚实的 He was an honest man.他是个诚实的人。(注意honest之前用an,不用a) Be honest about your feelings,please.请诚实地表达你的感受。 【提示】to be honest(=what I really think is) 是口语化的常用短语，意思是“坦白说；说实话”。 honest意为“坦率；坦诚”时，近义词为 frank; 意为“诚实”时，反义词为dishonest。 honest的名词为 honesty(坦率；诚实)。 考点8.alive adj. 继续存在的；活着的 Ancient traditions are very much alive in this area.古老的传统在这个地区依然活跃。 It was a bad accident —they're lucky to be alive.事故很严重，他们能活下来真是幸运。 【提示】alive 意为“活着”时，反义词是dead 。alive 在句中作宾语补足语，进一步说明了宾语Chinese tradition的状态或性质。另外，alive多用作表 语或后置定语，不能放在名词前面。如： These people stayed alive by catching and eating fish.这些人靠抓鱼和吃鱼来维持生命。(作表语) No man alive is greater than him.在活着的人中，没有人比他更伟大了。 (作后置定语，修饰man) 考点9. disappointment n.失 望 To my great disappointment, he decided to leave.让我大失所望的是，他决定离开。 The party was a huge disappointment at last.聚会最终令人大失所望。 【联想】disappointed adj.感到失望的 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 Mike's parents were very disappointed with him.麦克的父母对他非常失望。 【联想】disappointing adj.令人失望的 We hoped to win,but the result was quite disappointing.我们想赢，但是结果令人失望。 【联想】disappoint v.使失望 They don't want to disappoint the fans.他们不想让粉丝们失望。 考点10.ring(rang,rung) v. 回响 My head is still ringing frthe sound of the music.乐声仍然在我脑中回响。 The house rang with children's laughter.屋子里回响着孩子们的笑声。 【提示】动词 ring 还有“给……打电话；(使)发出钟声；响起铃声”的意思。 I ring home once a week to tell my parents I'm okay.我每周往家打一次电话向父母报平安。 Someone was ringing the doorbell.有人在按门铃。 ring也可用作名词，有多种含义。 如： The children sat in a ring around the teacher.孩子们围着老师坐成一圈。(圆圈、环状物) I'll give you a ring tomorrow.我明天给你打电话。 (一通电话) There was a ring at the door.门铃响了。(铃声；钟声) Mary is wearing a wedding ring. 玛丽戴着结婚戒指。(戒指) 考点11.through prep. 凭借；通过 Through his hard work,Thompson was able to make his dream come true. 通过不懈努力，汤普森最终让梦想成真。 【提示】此处，through是一个介词，表示“途径；方法”。 through 作介词，还有其他含义和用法。 如： They walked slowly through the forest.他们缓步穿过森林。(通过；穿越) It rained all through J une.整个六月都在下雨。(自始至终；从头到尾) 考点12.crowd n.观众；人群 There were crowds of shoppers in the street.街上挤满了购物的人群。 A large crowd gathered to watch the game 一大群人聚集起来观看比赛。 【提示】当crowd 表示“一群人”时，它是集合名词，看作单数，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。名词crowd 常 跟of一起使用。 A crowd of about 15,000 attended the concert.大约有15000人出席了音乐会。 crowd也可以作动词，意思是“挤；挤满”。 Hundreds of people crowded into the shopping mall.成百上千的人涌入购物中心。 【联想】crowded adj.人(太)多的；拥挤的 As New Year gets closer,the shops get more and more crowded.随着新年的临近，商店的人越来越多。 crowded常与介词with 搭配，be crowded with相当于be full of。 In summer,the place is crowded with surfers.夏季，这地方满是冲浪者。 语法精讲——情态动词had better和need用法 had better的用法 【教材典句】 1. You’d better be on time for your lessons. 2. You’d better go and see a doctor. 【语法全解】 had better 是一个固定短语，意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点： 1. had better 后面必须跟动词原形。 had better 后跟动词原形（即不带to的不定式），构成had better do sth.短语，had不能用have来替换。 You’d better go to hospital at once. Tom, you’d better go there today. 2. 主语无论是第几人称，无论用什么时态，都要用had better的形式。 Now you/ he/ we had better listen to the teacher. 3. had better的否定式：常用的否定形式是将not直接放在had better的后面。 You had better not miss the last bus. 【拓展】英语中，表示建议的方式有很多，归纳起来还有以下几种常见的句型： 表达方式 句型结构 含义 实例 直接建议法 Let’s+ 动词原形. 表示“我们一起做某事吧” Let’s go shopping. 委婉建议法 Shall we +动词原形 表示“我们做某事好吗？” Shall we go out for a walk? Would you mind (not) + 动名词 表示“你介意（不）做某事吗？/你（不要）做某事好吗？” Would you mind not opening the window? 征求性建议法 How about/ What about + 名词、代词或动名词 表示“做某事怎么样？” How about playing basketball? 责备性建议法 Why don’t you/ Why not + 动词原形？ 表示“你为什么不做某事呢？” Why not ask your teacher? 请求性建议法 Would/ Could/ you please do/ not do sth.? 表示“请你做/不要做某事好吗？” Would you please wait for me at the school gate? Would you like to do/ not to do sth.? 表示“你想做/不想做某事吗？” Would you like to have a rest? need用法解析 1． 用作实义动词 作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does. 1．need sth.（表示“需要”或“必须”） 这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如： 1). We need a great deal of money now. 我们需要很多钱。 2). They don’t it any more. 他们不再需要它了。 3). Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗? 2．need doing 与 need to be done need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； ②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： 4). The door needs painting.    = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 5). Your car needs mending.    = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 3．need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如： 6). What do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？ 7). Will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？ 8). You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你妈妈。 2． 用作情态动词 作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征： ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化； ②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。 ③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。 这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如： Need I type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？ There is enough time. You needn’t hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。 The president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。 ---Must I hand in my homework now?  现在我必须交作业吗？ ---No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 三．用作名词 need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需） 与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如： There’s no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。 The factory is in great need of funds. 那家工厂急需资金。 This house of the 1790’s can even meet the needs of the 21st century. 这栋18世纪90年代的房子甚至能够满足21世纪的需要。 一、单项选择 1．—Must I finish the school project today? —No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow since you are a little tired today. A．must B．need C．mustn’t D．needn’t 2．You’d better ________ down the names of the players. A．writes B．write C．to write D．writing 3．Tom, you had better ________ there today. A．go B．to go C．going D．to going 4．You’ve already finished your homework. You ________ do it again. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need to D．need 5．You ________ worry about the show. Everything will be perfect. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 6．Chris isn’t tired, so he ________ have a rest. A．not need B．doesn’t need C．doesn’t need to D．not need to 7．You ________ to the party this evening if you have something important to do. A．don’t need come B．need to come C．needn’t come D．need come 8．It’s very cold. You’d better ________ your warm clothes. A．wearing B．wears C．to wear D．wear 9．It seems that it is going to rain. You’d better ________ the windows open when you go out. A．leave B．not leave C．to leave D．not to leave 10．Nancy is your younger sister. You’d better ________ with her. You should get on well with her. A．argue B．not argue C．to argue D．not to argue 11．No matter what problem you meet with, you’d better ________ your heart. A．lose B．not lose C．not to lose D．not losing 12．I think you’d better ________ a hotel right now. A．to book B．booking C．book D．books 13．You ________ finish that work today. We’ve got enough time to finish it. A．can B．can’t C．need D．needn’t 14．You ________ worry before an exam. Just work hard and be well prepared. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not D．needn’t 15．—Must I finish it now? —No, you ________. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．may not 二、阅读理解 It is hard to think about how a girl spends her life when only the head and hands are able to move. Xu Ruiyang is a girl from Kunming. She got ill at the age of 2. At that time the doctor said that she could only live for a few years. Hearing that, her parents were heartbroken, but after crying, they still tried to teach her lots of things. Some easy things, like opening a book or putting up the hands, are difficult for Xu. She has to use her head, mouth and hands to do these things. When she started learning to write, she couldn’t even take a pen at first. But after hard work, she could finally write about 500 Chinese characters (汉字) before being a primary school student． Thanks to her parents, Xu is a sunny girl. “If we are not able to make her live longer, we can make her life wider (更宽的),” said Xu’s father. They travelled across China and more than 20 other countries all over the world. During these trips, she met many new friends and became full of hope for life. Now Xu is a student at Sichuan International Studies University. “Life is short and problems are always there,” said Xu. “But I’ll make good use of my time and be a happy person.” 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 16．What do the doctor’s words mean? A．Xu got badly ill. B．Xu was a very clever girl. C．Xu could live a long life. D．Xu could live happily in a few years. 17．What does the underlined word “heartbroken” mean? A．Very busy. B．Very sad. C．Very happy. D．Very bored. 18．Which is the right time order of the following facts ? ①Xu’s parents taught her some easy things after hearing the doctors’ words. ② Xu studies at Sichuan International Studies University. ③ Xu was ill when she was 2 years old. ④Xu learned to write Chinese characters before being a primary school student. A．①③④② B．①④②③ C．③①④② D．③④①② 19．What does the writer want to tell us through the passage? A．Hobbies play an important part in our lives. B．Studying is the best hobby for everyone in the world. C．A strong mind and hope for life can help you be a good person. D．Parents always do the most for us in our life. 20．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a travelling ad. B．In a science book. C．In a student newspaper. D．In a sports magazine. Life always has some precious memories that can be caught by a camera. Here are four photos chosen from thousands of ones. The photographers also share the stories behind these photos. Click “” to give your favourite one a like before January 30, 2024. The winner who receives the most likes will get a camera—Canon 4000D． During the year my daughter Anna got into college, my mother was suffering from Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默症). She kept talking about buying Anna a new phone as a present! I told her Anna had already got one, but she would ask several times every day. So I took this photo in the winter holiday. Whenever she asked about it, I would show her the photo. (Bob) At first, Wang Ming said he looked down upon his job. But every time he delivered medicine to sick people, carried essential items for the elderly upstairs, or brought a warm dinner to those working overtime (加班), he realized the importance of his job. Gradually, he fell in love with it. I interviewed him and took a photo during his work. See, there’s sunshine in his smile. (Li Hao) This is a photo of our family member, Tiantian. Look! How high she’s jumping! Over a year ago, we found a yellow kitten with a broken leg next to the rubbish bin. My daughter insisted on taking her to the hospital. At last, I agreed. To our great surprise, the doctor saved her leg and two months later, she became healthy again. (Jenny) My wife Zoe is a runner. Running her first marathon in a wheelchair was really tough, but she worked hard to get ready for it. On the race day, she told me she felt a mix of excitement and nervousness. The cheers from the crowd gave her the energy to keep going. When she finally crossed the finish line, I caught this unforgettable moment. Being disabled doesn’t stop her from moving forward and achieving her goals. I’m so proud of my wife. (Peter) 21．We can probably read the page from a _________. A．diary B．website C．book D．brochure 22．_________ has the best chance to win the prize of a camera so far. A．Bob B．Li Hao C．Jenny D．Peter 23．The underlined word “it” refers to _________. A．working overtime B．working as a delivery man C．a photo during the work D．the sunshine in the smile 24．Which of the photos was posted by Jenny? A． B． C． D． 25．Which of the following sentences is NOT TRUE? A．Bob took the photo to help his mother remember Anna. B．Wang Ming changed the attitude towards his job. C．In the end, the doctor saved Tiantian’s leg successfully. D．Zoe is probably a hard-working and strong-minded woman. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin is about a 26 how the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军) fought 27 the US army at Lake Changjin in Korea. In the war, the weather was 28 cold and Chinese soldiers only had 29 clothes and little food. What’s more, the US army had much 30 weapons (武器) than us. So the US army thought it was not 31 to win the war. To their surprise, Chinese soldiers kept on fighting for one month under such bad situations. Finally, Chinese army 32 with a strong mind. During the National Day holiday, people of all 33 wanted to watch it. Young people came to the cinema to enjoy this exciting and moving film. Many people over 70 and even 80 also came to watch this movie. It is not easy for these elderly people to sit in the cinema, 34 this movie lasts for 3 hours. Still, they said the movie 35 back the memory (记忆) of old days and the mind of Chinese soldiers to them. 26．A．art B．story C．book D．history 27．A．against B．for C．to D．on 28．A．time B．hardly C．so D．much 29．A．nice B．many C．thin D．warm 30．A．good B．better C．best D．worse 31．A．easy B．important C．difficult D．necessary 32．A．won B．agreed C．accepted D．failed 33．A．minds B．colors C．jobs D．ages 34．A．if B．because C．though D．since 35．A．gave B．thought C．brought D．chose 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Did you hear the name——Su Bingtian? He was born in 1989 in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province. When he was a child, he was good at running. When he was 15, he went to a special school for the players. He got up early and ran hard every day, so he made great progress (进步). Slowly, he took part in some races and got good grades. But it’s not easy to make the dream come true. Because of an injury (受伤), Su Bingtian had to stop running for several years. He even planned to retire (退役) in 2017. But he still wanted to challenge himself, so he went back to the team. He keep exercising every day. Su Bingtian trained even harder than before. At last, Su Bingtian made his dream come true. He set a new record of 9.83 seconds in Men’s 100 m semifinals (半决赛) of Tokyo Olympic Games, making him the first Chinese runner to come to the final in the event. He made history and brought an amazing day to the world in the summer of 2021. We should learn from Su Bingtian. He has a strong mind, and never gives up. 36．Where was Su Bingtian born? 37．How old did Su Bingtian go to a special school for the players? 38．Why did Su Bingtian stop running for several years? 39．Did Su Bingtian make his dream come true at last? 40．What should we learn from Su Bingtian? 五、书面表达 41．Write a passage of at least 60 words based on the situation below. 生活中，每个人都会遇到各种各样的挑战和问题，只要我们积极面对，一切问题都能解决，我们也能从中得到成长。请以“My problem (我的问题)”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。 (注意：文中不得出现人名、班级等个人信息，否则不予评分) Suggested questions: 1. What problem did you have？ 2. When did it happen? 3. What did you do to solve the problem? 4. How did you feel? 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