2025年上海市普通高校春季招生统一文化考试英语仿真模拟卷02（笔试+听力+口试部分）

null 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （口试部分） Test 2 1. SPEAKING Section A Direction: Read aloud the following，two sentences. For each sentence, you will have thirty seconds to prepare and fifteen seconds to read. 1. "What could be better than no more cast?" asks Bonk. 2. Poets and novelists also bore witness to the poverty, hopelessness, and helplessness that was the lot of countless child workers living at the beginning of the 20th century. Section B Directions: Read aloud the following passage. You will have one minute to prepare and thirty seconds to read. An earthquake happens when the earth actually moves under the ground. Many hundreds of earthquakes take place every year, especially under the sea. We don't even know that they are happening. If earthquakes happen in or near large cities, they can cause problems. The moving ground makes buildings shake and fall down. It causes cracks in the ground which may open up into very deep holes. People, animals and objects can fall into these holes and be lost forever. Water, gas and electricity pipes may be damaged. The result is flooding and fire. Fire is the greatest danger during an earthquake, because it can destroy so much in such a short time Section C Directions: Ask two questions about each situation given below. At least one special question should be asked about each situation. Questions 1-2: You want to book a table for today's dinner, so you call the restaurant. Question 1: Question 2: Speaking Questions 3--4: Your deskmate is reading a newly-published novel . You ask him about it. Question 3: Question 4: Section D Directions: You will have one minute to prepare and another minute to talk in at least five sentences about the following pictures. Begin your talk with the sentence given: It is March 5th, a day that people are encouraged to do good deeds in memory of Lei Feng. II. LISTENING AND SPEAKING Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear four sentences. Make quick responses to the sentences you have heard. 1. 2. 3. 4. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear a short passage. The passage, will be read twice. After you hear the passage, answer the first question with the information you hear and the second questions in your own opinion with at least 3 sentences. For the first question, you will have 30 seconds, to prepare and 30 seconds to talk. For the second question, you will have one minute to prepare and another minute to talk! Questions: 1. What are Bob Martin and Peter Holden respectively interested in? 2. What are you or your friend crazy about? Why? 3 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （听力部分） Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard. 1. A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In an office. D. In a furniture store. 2. A. Three. B. Six C. Nine. D. Twelve. 3. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and parent. C. Husband and wife. D. Teacher and student. 4. A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Frustrated. D. Indifferent. 5. A. He had a worthy trip. B. He didn’t enjoy the trip. C. The trip was too exhausting. D. The trip took him by surprise. 6. A. Press the button of every floor. B. Take another lift down to the 7th floor. C. Ask the woman which floor she’s going to. D. Stay in the same lift to go down to his floor. 7. A. The size of the electric vehicle market. B. A new trend in the car making industry. C. The very profitable business of making cakes. D. How manufacturers profit from making electric cars. 8. A. The woman was a new customer of the garage. B. The woman called to make a complaint about the garage’s service. C. The woman hadn’t expected the maintenance service to take so long. D. The woman was satisfied with the improvement in the garage’s service. 9. A. The man didn’t intend to make the woman unhappy. B. The man thought the woman was being unreasonable. C. The man believed the woman had misunderstood him. D. The man wanted to say something upsetting to the woman. 10. A. The woman may need to reevaluate her priorities. B. The woman should deal with the urgent matters first. C. The woman has failed to take care of the urgent matters. D. The woman should keep track of everything using a to-do list. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He was laughed at by other students. B. He was interested in studying in his youth. C. He got his graduate degree at the age of 60. D. He made his fellow students more open-minded. 12. A. Considerate. B. Independent. C. Intelligent. D. Energetic. 13. A. It is never too late to learn. B. Two heads are better than one. C. A friend in need is friend indeed. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Alert. B. Unfocused. C. Awake. D. Busy. 15. A. They are solution providers. B. They are a source of inspiration. C. They are normally full of bad news. D. They are more educational than websites. 16. A. Drink more coffee. B. Scroll through news websites. C. Allow ourselves some time to relax. D. Release our stress with constant complaints. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Open. B. Selfish. C. Friendly. D. Reserved. 18. A. They stay quiet. B. They read a book. C. They talk about the weather. D. They chat with fellow passengers. 19. A. She was always treated as a foreigner. B. She was eager to visit an English castle. C. She was never invited to a colleague’s home. D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates. 20. A. Houses are much quieter. B. Houses provide more privacy. C. They want to have more space. D. They want a garden of their own. ( 第 1 页 共 1 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （听力部分） Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questions you have heard. 1. A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In an office. D. In a furniture store. 2. A. Three. B. Six C. Nine. D. Twelve. 3. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and parent. C. Husband and wife. D. Teacher and student. 4. A. Doubtful. B. Excited. C. Frustrated. D. Indifferent. 5. A. He had a worthy trip. B. He didn’t enjoy the trip. C. The trip was too exhausting. D. The trip took him by surprise. 6. A. Press the button of every floor. B. Take another lift down to the 7th floor. C. Ask the woman which floor she’s going to. D. Stay in the same lift to go down to his floor. 7. A. The size of the electric vehicle market. B. A new trend in the car making industry. C. The very profitable business of making cakes. D. How manufacturers profit from making electric cars. 8. A. The woman was a new customer of the garage. B. The woman called to make a complaint about the garage’s service. C. The woman hadn’t expected the maintenance service to take so long. D. The woman was satisfied with the improvement in the garage’s service. 9. A. The man didn’t intend to make the woman unhappy. B. The man thought the woman was being unreasonable. C. The man believed the woman had misunderstood him. D. The man wanted to say something upsetting to the woman. 10. A. The woman may need to reevaluate her priorities. B. The woman should deal with the urgent matters first. C. The woman has failed to take care of the urgent matters. D. The woman should keep track of everything using a to-do list. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. He was laughed at by other students. B. He was interested in studying in his youth. C. He got his graduate degree at the age of 60. D. He made his fellow students more open-minded. 12. A. Considerate. B. Independent. C. Intelligent. D. Energetic. 13. A. It is never too late to learn. B. Two heads are better than one. C. A friend in need is friend indeed. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Alert. B. Unfocused. C. Awake. D. Busy. 15. A. They are solution providers. B. They are a source of inspiration. C. They are normally full of bad news. D. They are more educational than websites. 16. A. Drink more coffee. B. Scroll through news websites. C. Allow ourselves some time to relax. D. Release our stress with constant complaints. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Open. B. Selfish. C. Friendly. D. Reserved. 18. A. They stay quiet. B. They read a book. C. They talk about the weather. D. They chat with fellow passengers. 19. A. She was always treated as a foreigner. B. She was eager to visit an English castle. C. She was never invited to a colleague’s home. D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates. 20. A. Houses are much quieter. B. Houses provide more privacy. C. They want to have more space. D. They want a garden of their own. 【听力答案】1-5 BBCDA   6-10 DBCAA 11-13 DDA    14-16 BCC    17-20 DACB 附：听力文字稿 Tape Script I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: Excuse me, I’m looking for Option B. M: Oh, it’s right there, on the bestseller shelf facing the main entrance. Q: Where does this conversation take place? 2. M: Do we have enough eggs for breakfast tomorrow? W: I picked up a dozen the other day. Last time I checked, the box was half full. Q: How many eggs do they have? 3. W: Mrs. Clark just called. She suggested we talk with Sam about this fight he’d gotten into at school. M: OK. I’ll come home early tonight. Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? 4. M: Great news! The deadline has been postponed for a week. W: Well, I’d still like to lift this burden from my shoulders sooner rather than later. Q: How does the woman feel about the news? 5. W: How do you feel now that you’re back from your trip? M: My legs are the sorest they’ve ever been, but it feels like I have renewed perspective. Q: What does the man mean? 6. M: Oh no, I forgot to press the button. I should’ve gotten off at the 7th floor. W: Don’t worry. One more floor and you will be going down.   Q: What is the man probably going to do next? 7. W: Why does everyone seem to be joining the electric vehicle race? M: Honestly, I’m not surprised. It’s just too big a cake to pass up. Q: What are the two speakers talking about? 8. M: Good morning, I’m with Road Buddy Garage. Were you satisfied with our service yesterday, Ma’am?   W: I’m afraid there’s much room for improvement. Five hours for some regular maintenance was not reasonable. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 9. W: It’s not a very good feeling when your tolerance has been taken for granted again and again. M: I’m sorry that I’ve made you feel that way. The last thing I want to do is to upset you. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 10. M: I’m so tired of always feeling so rushed. W: Maybe the problem is that you’ve mistaken what’s urgent for what’s important. Q: What does the woman imply?   Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Many schools across the U.S. hold graduation ceremonies this time of year. In some schools, even five- and six-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten. Meanwhile, some much older people are graduating too. Meet 70-year-old Jerry Reid, who just graduated from the University of Virginia. He earned a bachelor’s degree. Mr. Reid might not look like the average college student; his hair is definitely grayer. But still, his age is easy to forget. Other college peers know him as one of their own. He joined a men’s group on campus. He sang songs along with many other students. Mr. Reid’s school friends say they can talk to him just about anything. About a half century ago, in his twenties, Mr. Reid was not in school. Instead, he was racing cars and chasing girls. But he says his friend Bill invited him to parties held in universities. “Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him,” said Reid. That was in 1963. Mr. Reid says it took him 48 years to take that advice. In 2011, he entered college. His professor, Luke Wright, says Mr. Reid influences students. He opened the minds of the young adults and showed them that life does not end at 40. Instead, the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream. “Remember that the path you left waits for you. It’s there. It’s yours. All you must do is to get out of your own way and get back to it. And that’s exactly what I did,” said Mr. Reid. He says that he and his wife Susan would take some time off now to enjoy his college degree. Then, he’ll continue his studies for his graduate degree. (Now listen again.) Questions: 11. Which of the following is true of Mr. Reid? 12. Which of the following words best describes Mr. Reid? 13. What lesson can we learn from the story of Jerry Reid? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Every day, the alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. We jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into our clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think.      The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we’re unfocused. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons, making inspiration less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about what’s going on in the world, it would not make us feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day’s work is done.      So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to fully prepare ourselves for creative problem-solving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We’d take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office — after we get a cup of coffee—we’d click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the internet has to offer.   (Now listen again.) Questions: 14. When are we most creative according to the passage?    15. Which of the following is true about newspapers? 16. What does the speaker suggest we should do before working in the morning?   Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation. M: We’ll talk about something that foreigners always say when they visit Britain. It’s “Why are the British so cold?” And they’re talking about the British personality—the famous British “reserve.” It means that we aren’t very friendly, we aren’t very open. W: So do you think it’s true? M: It’s a difficult one. So many people who visit Britain say it’s difficult to make friends with British people. They say we’re cold, reserved, unfriendly ... W: I think it’s true. Look at Americans or Australians. They speak the same language, but they’re much more open. And you see it when you travel. People—I mean strangers—speak to you on the street or on the train. British people seldom speak on the train. Or the bus. Not in London, anyway. M: “Not in London.” That’s it. Capital cities are full of tourists and are never very friendly. People are different in other parts of the country. W: Not completely. I met a woman once, an Italian. She’s been working in Manchester for two years, and no one—not one of her colleagues—had ever invited her to their home. They were friendly to her at work, but nothing else. She couldn’t believe it. She said that would never happen in Italy. M: You know what they say—“an Englishman’s home is his castle.” It’s really difficult to get inside. W: Yeah. It’s about being private. You go home to your house and your garden and you close the door. It’s your place. M: That’s why the British don’t like flats. They prefer to live in houses. W: That’s true. (Now listen again.) Questions: 17. What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the man? 18. What may British people typically do on the train, according to the woman? 19. What does the woman say about the Italian woman working in Manchester? 20. Why do British people prefer houses to flats? ( 第 1 页 共 1 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （口试部分） Test 2 1. SPEAKING Section A Direction: Read aloud the following，two sentences. For each sentence, you will have thirty seconds to prepare and fifteen seconds to read. 1. "What could be better than no more cast?" asks Bonk. 2. Poets and novelists also bore witness to the poverty, hopelessness, and helplessness that was the lot of countless child workers living at the beginning of the 20th century. Section B Directions: Read aloud the following passage. You will have one minute to prepare and thirty seconds to read. An earthquake happens when the earth actually moves under the ground. Many hundreds of earthquakes take place every year, especially under the sea. We don't even know that they are happening. If earthquakes happen in or near large cities, they can cause problems. The moving ground makes buildings shake and fall down. It causes cracks in the ground which may open up into very deep holes. People, animals and objects can fall into these holes and be lost forever. Water, gas and electricity pipes may be damaged. The result is flooding and fire. Fire is the greatest danger during an earthquake, because it can destroy so much in such a short time Section C Directions: Ask two questions about each situation given below. At least one special question should be asked about each situation. Questions 1-2: You want to book a table for today's dinner, so you call the restaurant. Question 1: Question 2: Speaking Questions 3--4: Your deskmate is reading a newly-published novel . You ask him about it. Question 3: Question 4: Section D Directions: You will have one minute to prepare and another minute to talk in at least five sentences about the following pictures. Begin your talk with the sentence given: It is March 5th, a day that people are encouraged to do good deeds in memory of Lei Feng. II. LISTENING AND SPEAKING Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear four sentences. Make quick responses to the sentences you have heard. 1. 2. 3. 4. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear a short passage. The passage, will be read twice. After you hear the passage, answer the first question with the information you hear and the second questions in your own opinion with at least 3 sentences. For the first question, you will have 30 seconds, to prepare and 30 seconds to talk. For the second question, you will have one minute to prepare and another minute to talk! Questions: 1. What are Bob Martin and Peter Holden respectively interested in? 2. What are you or your friend crazy about? Why? 3 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 录音内容： II. LISTENING AND SPEAKING Section A 1. I'd like to talk about the plan with you. Would tomorrow morning be convenient? 2. Where would you like to go for a walk? 3. Sorry I didn't quite catch what you said just now. 4. I'm so excited that I've finally got the offer! Section B Listen to the following speaker talking about two people's interest Whether it’s collecting coins, supporting your favorites football team, or just shopping, most people have some kind of interest But what happens when that interest become the most important thing in your life? Take Bob Martin for example, in 1988, he went to see the musical Cats at the New London Theatre. He enjoyed it so much that he went to see it again. And again. And again ... every week for fourteen years! He travelled 52,000 miles and saw the show 795 times, spending a total of £20,000.K! don't drink, smoke or run a car, so I could just about afford it," says the 71-year-old. But sadly Bob is now looking for a new hobby. The show closed last year after a sixteen-year run in London. For some it's musicals that keep them coming back for more. For others, it's...fast food. Peter Holden, from Washington DC, eats an average of two McDonald's and says," I'm a collector of the McDonald dining experience." He is 1.9 meters tall and weighs 90 kilograms — he says he doesn't put on weight partly because he is lucky and partly because he doesn't eat the fries. 参考答案： I. SPEAKING Section C 1. Is there any table available for today’s dinner? 2. When should I arrive at the latest? 3. Who is the author of the novel? 4. What do you think of the novel? Section D It is March '5th, a day that people are encouraged to do good deeds in memory of Lei Feng. So, in class, the teacher tells the students that each of them should do a good deed. After class, Xiao Ming and Xiao Hong run out of school and look for a chance to do some good deeds. Suddenly, Xiao Ming finds an old lady walking with a stick. It seems that she wants to cross the road. He runs up to her immediately and. offers to help her go across the road. When they arrive at the other side of the road, Xiao Hong, who is following, runs up to the lady at once and says, "Granny, please let me help you cross the road once again. It's our task to do a good deed. Thank you very much." II. LISTENING AND SPEAKING Section A 1. OK. I’m available tomorrow morning. / Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow morning. 2. How about the park around the corner? / Just along the road to the bus stop. 3. That’s all right. I will say it again. / Never mind, I can repeat it. 4. Congratulations! / Well done! Section B 1. Bob Martin is interested in the musical Cats. Peter Holden is interested in McDonald’s meals. 2. One of my friends is crazy about collecting hair clips although she doesn't wear them very often. She has a box full of hair clips with different cartoon figures on them, such as Mickey Mouse, Hello Kitty and so on. Why does she like hair clips so much? She says it's because her parents didn't buy her any hair clip when she was a little girl no matter how much she liked it. What a shame! 评分标准 I. SPEAKING Section A 朗读部分评分标准：(每题1分，共2分） 1分 能流利朗读命给的句发音清楚；语音语调节奏正确；能正确处理句子重音、意群停顿；并熟练掌握连读、失爆等朗读技巧。 0.5分能基本读出所给的句子，语音语调有错误，但不影响理解。 0分 不能朗读或朗读'时错误严重，以致所读内容无法理解。 Section B 朗读部分评分标准：(共2分) 2分 能流利朗读所给的段落；发音清楚；语音语调节奏正确；能正确处理句子重音、意群停顿、语气转换；并熟练掌握连读、失爆等朗读技巧。 1分 能以正常语速朗读所给的段落，语音语调有错误，但不影响理解。 0分 不能朗读或朗读时错误严重，以致所读内容无法理解。 Section C 情景提问部分评分标准： 1分 能对所给的情景进行提问，内容恰当，问句结构正确。 0.5分 提问基本符合情景要求，但语言结构有错误。 0分 不能提问或提问不符合情景要求。 (注：1.对同一情景问两个一般疑问句，第二个问题得0.5分；2.两个问题针对同一信息，第二个问题得0.5分；3.问两个特殊疑问句不扣分。） Section D 看图说话部分评分标准：(3分） 3分.能有条理地、完整地叙述一个主题，内容与图片相符；表达清楚，叙述 连贯流畅；语言结构和用词符合交际要求；语音正确。 2分 能较连贯地叙述一个主题，内容基本与图片相符；语言结构与用词有错误，但不影响整段意义的表达与理解；语音基本正确。 1分 能讲述&句，但主题不清楚，内容不连贯，与图片关系不大，叙述中大多数语言结构混乱，用词不正确；语音错误严重，使人珪解困难。 0分 没有答题或答题内容与图片内容无关。 II, LISTENING AND SPEAKING Section A 快速应答部分评分标准：(每题1分，共4分） 1分 能对所给的情景进行应答，内容正确，且基本符合英语表达习惯。 0.5分 应答内容正确，语言表达有些错误。 0分 应答内容不正确。 Section B 听短文回答问题部分评分标准： (共2题，第一题2分，第二题3分，共5分） Question 1 (2 分） 2分 能根据题目要求进行回答；内容切题、完整；语言基本正确。 1分 尚能根据题目要求进行回答；内容不完整;语言虽有错误，但不影响理解。 0分 不能根据题目要求进行回答。 Question 2 (3分).： 3分 能连贯流畅地表达思想；内容切题;语言正确。 2分、基本能连贯完整地表达思想;能针对题目谈话；语言虽有错误，但不影响理解。 1分 不能连贯完整地表达；语言错误较多，使人理解闲难 0分 没有答题或答题内容与试题无关。 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （笔试部分） I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, 1 (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state. The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we 2 (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D．Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as 3 of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits 4 (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there. More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have 5 (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are 6 increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear 7 poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it. Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known 8 (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s. Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. 9 the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease 10 you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t 21 . The awful earworms we hate to love. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the 22 food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel 23 ? We should be free to enjoy whatever we like! And as it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in 24 . Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual 25 gets us out of problem-solving mode, said Robin Nabi, a professor of communication at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who specializes in media effects and emotion. It can also improve our ability to productively deal with stressors and help us 26 more positively with other people. If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad 27 ? Well, it’s not the addiction itself, but the 28 we have when talking about them. However, according to experts like Dr. Nabi, feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can 29 the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to 30 “guilty pleasure” from our list of shames. One important value of a guilty pleasure is the 31 it can create between people. “These shows are out there for a reason — they’re resonating (令人产生共鸣). Nabi said. He added that the connections we make with others who share our interests in such things “is not to be 32 .” 33 , talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure. Being able to talk 34 about what we love is more than just a way to spend the time，since it encourages us to justify our needs and be our true self. Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in 35 we feel guilty about in others. 21．A．turn down B．take in C．tear apart D．put down 22．A．junk B．sugary C．spiritual D．transformative 23．A．relaxed B．guilty C．helpless D．alert 24．A．mass B．moderation C．minimum D．depression 25．A．focus B．superiority C．quality D．development 26．A．struggle B．charge C．engage D．persevere 27．A．breakup B．principle C．condition D．reputation 28．A．consciousness B．obligation C．attitudes D．requirements 29．A．switch B．receive C．claim D．decrease 30．A．remove B．discourage C．distinguish D．prevent 31．A．conflict B．difference C．exchange D．bond 32．A．established B．underestimated C．found D．strengthened 33．A．In addition B．On the contrary C．All in all D．Therefore 34．A．enthusiastically B．casually C．openly D．politely 35．A．theories B．behaviors C．problems D．relationships Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Anand Malligavad, known as the “Lake Man” in India, is a mechanical engineer from Bengaluru. He has spent his life studying ancient techniques for keeping lakes clean. Maligavad has successfully restored many lakes, covering a total surface area of 800 acres. These lakes now hold 106 million gallons of water, and the groundwater level in those regions has increased by eight feet. It was in 2017, and he was out for a walk with colleagues when he fell into a smelly, dirty lake. He remembered from his childhood that this was once a clean lake. The very next day, he asked his company if they would help fund the restoration of the 36 acre lake. However, they were uncertain whether Malligavad could do this. Determined to succeed, Malligavad took it upon himself to study the history of the lake and familiarize himself with various lake restoration methods. Four months later, Malligavad received funding from his company, which enabled him to start working on this project in the city of Bengaluru. With the aid of hundreds of volunteers, they removed the waste and opened the channels. Malligavad then adopted the ancient Chola method to build mud walls that channel the extra rainwater into the lakes for agricultural use. It took them just 45 days and then they waited for the rains. Six months later, when the rainy season came, he was out boating on a fresh, clean lake. “When I saw the lake, I felt younger, and I wanted to jump into it,” Malligavad said. Since this first win, Malligavad has not stopped. He created a non-profit organization called The Lake Revivers Collective. “All I have is a sense of urgency that if we don’t repair the damage we’ve already caused,” he said, “it’s going to end badly for all of us. Water shortage is a major problem in Bengaluru. Water tankers must drive in to meet the population’s needs.” His methods help to solve the problem, and even attract wildlife. 36．Why is Malligavad probably called the “Lake Man” in India? A．He is good at boating on lakes. B．He is devoted to recovering lakes. C．He completed many lake adventures. D．He created new ways of cleaning up lakes. 37．How did Malligavad respond to his company’s doubt? A．By doing lake research to win support. B．By seeking help from other companies. C．By discontinuing the restoration project. D．By making the lake’s history well known. 38．What words can best describe the approach applied in Bengaluru? A．Creative but costly. B．Practical and fruitful. C．Traditional but outdated. D．Challenging and dissatisfying. 39．What inspired Malligavad to start the non-profit organization? A．His desire to fund water tankers. B．His passion for wildlife protection. C．The wish to attract public attention. D．The serious lack of water resources. (B) The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB． Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 40．_____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A．LectroFan Classic B．Yogasleep Rohm+ C．Hatch Rest+ D．Loftie Clock 41．If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00. 42．What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A．The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B．One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C．Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D．Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. (C) Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 43．Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A．To justify the governments’ policies. B．To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. C．To advocate for advancements in tech. D．To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 44．According to this passage, AI can ________. A．put an end to climate change B．facilitate mass human migration C．speed up the competition in medical fields D．bring about potential threats from big companies 45．As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A．Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B．Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C．Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. D．Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. 46．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B．Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? C．Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? D．Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”, rather, they learn over time that such statements appease (安抚) parents and friends and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 47 It evokes Freud’s ideas and religious hang-ups. More important, guilt is deeply uncomfortable — it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Who would inflict it upon a child? Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” Vaish says, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary feelings that may be advantageous in one context and may be harmful in another. And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to correct errors and fix relationships. 48 It is a kind of social glue. Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy (and its close cousin empathy) may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can control their impulses. 49 In a 2014 study, for example, Malti and a colleague looked at 244 children, aged 4, 8, and 12. Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, they rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions (like guilt and sadness) after moral transgressions (违背) . Then the kids were handed stickers and chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. 50 The guilt-prone ones shared more. However, they may not magically have become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation. “That’s good news.” Malti says, “We can be pro-social because of the empathetic proclivity (倾向) , or because we caused harm and we feel regret.” A．And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt. B．The main reason why guilt works comes down to simple psychology and conditioning we receive as children. C．For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how likely they were to feel guilty. D．Guilt is an incredibly powerful emotion which has slip by unnoticed for long. E．In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad reputation. F．Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. III.Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Is there a correlation between high IQ and creative genius? Really , the phrasing of the question contradicts very much correlation, as “creativity” is in no way measured through IQ standardized testing, and creativity is the greatest determinant of a genius as, like you say , it is a genius. Innovation upon any subject requires a drive to create. As ones IQ increases, there is an increased probability that they are a genius because their level of creativity has a higher probability of ascending (升高) them to genius level. However if the odds are against them, there is an average probability that they are a genius since they are average percent genius. This is because genius and IQ are composed of different mental constructs as IQ measures a standard comprehension level, while creativity measures the way in which this comprehension is used. For example , if your IQ is 180, the percentage that you are a genius is subtracted by the amount of creativity necessary to become a genius. This is inductive of the influence that the brain has on awareness. The brain gains perceptive awareness upon “creating thoughts in a continuous cyclic process, and if you were very “intelligent” but could not generate thoughts, you could not be an intellectual being. However, one who is alive can never stop thinking, so the correlation of IQ and genius would objectively appear as a negative exponential function. There are few exceptionally creative people out there, just as there are few exceptionally intelligent people, and one does not occur with the other. Possessing a high level of intelligence is a platform of understanding for the creative thinking skills to make up originality. When one bears informal thinking skills, they typically occupy heightened intuitive awareness, and vivid imaginative qualities. Critical thinking skills allow one to make sense of the resultant creative output within its surrounding context of knowledge. However, not all “geniuses” from our subjective intelligence range necessarily have high levels of creativity. One's level of intelligence can be so high that their platform of understanding generalizes ideas where a genius with lower levels of intelligence must use creativity in order to attain a sort of qualitative equivalence. Examples of people like this throughout history include the likes of John von Neumann and Christopher Langan. 51.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．研究小组就阅读习惯实施了一个随机调查。(random) 53．尽管有网红受邀为这款产品站台，消费者仍需考虑价格、质量等诸多因素。（account） 54．“新中式”服装既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭，正受到年轻一代追捧。(combine) 55．现在，上海很多小区都开了便民食堂，这无疑给居民带来了很大的便利，特别是孤寡老人和工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人。(which) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你的外国朋友William一直对中国文化很感兴趣。近日，他在网上了解到有两个相关的线上节目（节目信息如下表所示），但他对节目选择有些茫然，想听听你的建议。请给William回复一封邮件，邮件内容须包括： （1）推荐其中一个节目； （2）通过比较两个节目的信息，说明你推荐该节目的理由。 节目名称 故宫里的国宝 Treasures of the Forbidden City 寻访中国美食 Exploring Chinese Cuisine 节目内容 介绍故宫里的国宝及其背后的故事 介绍中国传统美食及其烹饪方式 节目形式 纪录片 短视频 节目语言 英语解说 无字幕 (subtitles) 中文解说 英语字幕 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 第 1 页 共 1 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02 （笔试部分） I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, 1 (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state. The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we 2 (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D．Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as 3 of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits 4 (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there. More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have 5 (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are 6 increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear 7 poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it. Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known 8 (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s. Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. 9 the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease 10 you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly. 【答案】 1．composed 2．have known 3．that 4．were accounted 5．living 6．at 7．whether 8．to cause/to have caused 9．Whatever 10．with which/so that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去十年左右的时间里，生物学家已经证明，我们体内和体外都充满了微生物群。这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。短语be composed of表示“由……组成”，过去分词作后置定语。故填composed。 2．考查时态。句意：口腔微生物群得到的关注要少得多，但我们早就知道了。根据后文for a long time可知，谓语动词know为现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have known。 3．考查代词。句意：直到1989年，我们才开始得到支持的证据，当时研究人员注意到，经历过心脏病发作的人被评为其口腔健康状况差是对照组的两倍。此处代指前面oral health，表示与其同类，后常有后置定语，应用代词that。故填that。 4．考查时态语态。句意：即使考虑到年龄、社会阶层和吸烟习惯等可能的因素，结果也几乎没有变化。主语age, social class and smoking habits与谓语动词account构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数形式。故填were accounted。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，多亏了DNA测序技术，通过对我们口腔中的微生物进行分类，我们现在发现，生活在人类口腔中的细菌类型似乎与越来越多的疾病（如癌症）有关。此处live与bacteria构成逻辑主动关系，live用现在分词形式作定语。故填living。 6．考查介词。句意：研究发现，患有牙龈疾病的人患这种疾病的风险更高，这种疾病会慢慢夺走人们的记忆、个性和认知功能。短语at increased risk of表示“高风险”。故填at。 7．考查固定句型。句意：然而，直到最近，人们还不清楚口腔健康状况不佳是阿尔茨海默氏症的诱因还是后果。表示“是……还是……”句型为whether…or…。故填whether。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，在2019年，科学家们发现了一些已知会导致牙龈疾病的细菌，包括一种叫做牙龈卟啉单胞菌的细菌，这些细菌存在于死于阿尔茨海默病的人的大脑中。短语be known to do sth.表示“……为人所熟知”，此处可用to do形式，也可理解为先于谓语动词发生，用to have done形式。故填to cause/to have caused。 9．考查状语从句。句意：无论机制如何，他们指出，可能有一种方法可以提前保护自己。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。 10．考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的牙科科学家正在开发一种预防牙龈疾病的疫苗，这样你就可以大大降低患牙龈疾病的风险。此处可理解为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vaccine，先行词指物，表示“借助，用”应用介词with，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或理解为目的状语从句，表示“以便”用so that。故填with which/so that。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．G 14．I 15．K 16．D 17．B 18．F 19．H 20．J 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官Jonah Petretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。 11．考查名词。句意：这一天的具体时间还是一个要讨论的事情。a matter of “……的问题”符合句意，名词matter作表语。故填C。 12．考查动词。句意：尽管人们怀念纸上的墨水，但有很多理由放弃印刷。根据下文“The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive.(制作实体报纸所需的基本设施，包括印刷机和送货车，都非常昂贵)”可知，空处词为abandon“放弃”符合句意，to后接动词原形形式。故填A。 13．考查动词。句意：尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。根据上文“though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts”可知，尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。空处为现在进行时，现在分词declining“下降”符合句意。故填G。 14．考查动词。句意：BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳•佩特雷蒂表示，成本可能很高，发行量可能较低，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。由下文“Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.(佩特雷蒂说，《泰晤士报》不应该浪费时间放弃印刷业务，但前提是他们要以正确的方式去做)”可知，急于取消印刷版将是一个错误，动名词作主语，rushing“匆忙”符合句意。故填I。 15．考查名词。句意：“找到一种加速转型的方法对他们来说是有意义的，”他说。名词作宾语，transition“转变” 符合句意。故填K。 16．考查形容词。句意：但事实证明，这一举措是有远见的。be后接形容词，foresighted“有远见的”符合句意。 故填D。 17．考查形容词。句意：佩特雷蒂说：“如果我是《纽约时报》的负责人，我不会选择在哪一年停止印刷，我会提高价格，让它更像一种传统产品，比现代产品有一些优势，让它吸引顾客继续使用。根据上文“which has some advantage over a modern product”可知，形容词appealing“有吸引力的”作宾语补足语。故填B。 18．考查动词。句意：他们的想法是，他们会觉得自己在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量。help (to) do sth.，该空动词原形形式，动词maintain“维持”符合句意。故填F。 19．考查动词。句意：每周7天订阅印刷版一年要花费近500美元——是数字版订阅的两倍多。动名词短语作主语，谓语为单数形式，costs“花费”符合句意。故填H。 20．考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，最好采取更积极的态度。形容词作表语，aggressive“积极进取的”符合句意。故填J。 II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t 21 . The awful earworms we hate to love. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the 22 food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel 23 ? We should be free to enjoy whatever we like! And as it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in 24 . Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual 25 gets us out of problem-solving mode, said Robin Nabi, a professor of communication at the University of California, Santa Barbara, who specializes in media effects and emotion. It can also improve our ability to productively deal with stressors and help us 26 more positively with other people. If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad 27 ? Well, it’s not the addiction itself, but the 28 we have when talking about them. However, according to experts like Dr. Nabi, feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can 29 the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to 30 “guilty pleasure” from our list of shames. One important value of a guilty pleasure is the 31 it can create between people. “These shows are out there for a reason — they’re resonating (令人产生共鸣). Nabi said. He added that the connections we make with others who share our interests in such things “is not to be 32 .” 33 , talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure. Being able to talk 34 about what we love is more than just a way to spend the time，since it encourages us to justify our needs and be our true self. Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in 35 we feel guilty about in others. 21．A．turn down B．take in C．tear apart D．put down 22．A．junk B．sugary C．spiritual D．transformative 23．A．relaxed B．guilty C．helpless D．alert 24．A．mass B．moderation C．minimum D．depression 25．A．focus B．superiority C．quality D．development 26．A．struggle B．charge C．engage D．persevere 27．A．breakup B．principle C．condition D．reputation 28．A．consciousness B．obligation C．attitudes D．requirements 29．A．switch B．receive C．claim D．decrease 30．A．remove B．discourage C．distinguish D．prevent 31．A．conflict B．difference C．exchange D．bond 32．A．established B．underestimated C．found D．strengthened 33．A．In addition B．On the contrary C．All in all D．Therefore 34．A．enthusiastically B．casually C．openly D．politely 35．A．theories B．behaviors C．problems D．relationships 【答案】 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“有罪的快感”对我们是有好处的。 21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们根本放不下那些垃圾书。A. turn down拒绝；B. take in吸收；C. tear apart撕破；D. put down放下。根据“The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad.”可知，此处表示因为喜欢垃圾书，所以根本放不下它们。故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，这些都是我们的有罪的快感——有些人认为是我们媒体饮食中的垃圾食品。A. junk垃圾；B. sugary含糖的；C. spiritual精神上的；D. transformative有改革能力的。根据上文的“even though we just know they’re bad.”、“The trashy books”和“The awful earworms”可知，此处指垃圾食品。故选A。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果我们喜欢它们，我们为什么要感到有罪恶感呢？A. relaxed放松的；B. guilty有罪恶感的；C. helpless无助的；D. alert警觉的。根据上文的“Yes, these are our guilty pleasures”可知，此处提出疑问“既然喜欢，为什么要有罪恶感？”故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，只要适度享受，这些所谓的“有罪”的快感实际上对我们有好处。A. mass大量；B. moderation适度；C. minimum最小值；D. depression抑郁。根据“We should be free to enjoy whatever we like!”和“these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us”可知，只要适度的喜欢，这些有罪的快感对我们是有好处的。故选B。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州大学圣巴巴拉分校(University of California, Santa Barbara)专门研究媒体效应和情感的传播学教授罗宾·纳比(Robin Nabi)说，让精神休息一下，享受一些不需要高度专注于智力的事情，可以让我们摆脱解决问题的模式。A. focus专注；B. superiority优势；C. quality质量；D. development发展。根据“enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual”可知，此处表示享受一些不需要高度专注于智力的事情。故选A。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它还可以提高我们有效处理压力源的能力，帮助我们更积极地与他人交往。A. struggle奋斗；B. charge收费；C. engage与……有密切关系；D. persevere坚持不懈。根据下文“more positively with other people”可推知，此处指更积极地与他人交往。engage with为固定短语，表示“与……交往，建立友好关系”。故选C。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这是真的，那么为什么有罪的快感会有这么坏的名声呢？A. breakup破裂；B. principle原则；C. condition条件；D. reputation名声。根据“bad”和“Well, it’s not the addiction itself”可知，有罪的快感有坏的名声。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题不在于上瘾本身，而在于我们谈论上瘾时的态度。A. consciousness意识；B. obligation义务；C. attitudes态度；D. requirements要求。根据“we have when talking about them. ”可是，此处表明，罪恶的快感有坏的名声，是我们谈论它的态度有问题。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据纳比博士等专家的说法，对我们喜欢的活动感到内疚或贬低会减少它们给我们带来的好处，而摆脱对我们的兴趣的自我强加的尴尬可以增强和丰富我们的社交生活，这就是为什么是时候把“有罪的快感”从我们的集体词汇中删除了。A. switch交换；B. receive接收；C. claim声称；D. decrease减少。根据“feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy”可知，对我们喜欢的活动感到内疚或贬低会减少它们给我们带来的好处。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. remove删除；B. discourage使泄气；C. distinguish辨别；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“feeling guilty about or disparaging (贬低) activities we enjoy can _______ the benefits they offer us while getting rid of self-imposed embarrassment about our interests can be empowering and enrich our social lives”可知，此处解释了把“有罪的快感”从我们的集体词汇中删除的原因。故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：罪恶快感的一个重要价值是它可以在人与人之间建立联系。A. conflict冲突；B. difference不同；C. exchange交换；D. bond联系。根据下文“He added that the connections…”可知，此处指它可以在人与人之间建立联系，bond与下文的connections对应。故选D。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，我们与在这类事情上有共同兴趣的人建立的联系“不可低估”。A. established建立；B. underestimated低估；C. found找到；D. strengthened加强。根据上文“One important value of a guilty pleasure is the ________ it can create between people.“These shows are out there for a reason-they’re resonating(产生共鸣的),” Dr. Nabi said.”可知，我们与在这类事情上有共同兴趣的人建立的联系“不可低估”。故选B。 33．考查介词短语和副词词义辨析。句意：此外，谈论我们喜欢什么可以减轻任何剩余的内疚感，使我们更容易发现更多给我们带来快乐的东西。A. In addition此外；B. On the contrary相反；C. All in all总而言之；D. Therefore因此。上文“One important value of a guilty pleasure is the ______ it can create between people.”是在讲有罪的快感给我们带来的好处，空后内容继续说明好处，二者是并列的关系。故选A。 34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：能够公开地谈论我们的所爱不仅仅是一种消磨时间的方式。A. enthusiastically热情地；B. casually随意地；C. openly公开地；D. politely有礼貌地。根据“talking about what we enjoy can ease any remaining guilt and makes it easier to discover more things that bring us pleasure.”可知，此处说明公开谈论我们的所爱带来的好处。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然内疚在某些情况下可以增加快乐，但它也会促使我们沉迷于我们在其他情况下感到内疚的行为。A. theories理论；B. behaviors行为；C. problems问题；D. relationships关系。根据“Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation.”可知，任何事情都要适度，因为罪恶的快感会促使我们沉迷于我们在其他情况下感到内疚的行为。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Anand Malligavad, known as the “Lake Man” in India, is a mechanical engineer from Bengaluru. He has spent his life studying ancient techniques for keeping lakes clean. Maligavad has successfully restored many lakes, covering a total surface area of 800 acres. These lakes now hold 106 million gallons of water, and the groundwater level in those regions has increased by eight feet. It was in 2017, and he was out for a walk with colleagues when he fell into a smelly, dirty lake. He remembered from his childhood that this was once a clean lake. The very next day, he asked his company if they would help fund the restoration of the 36 acre lake. However, they were uncertain whether Malligavad could do this. Determined to succeed, Malligavad took it upon himself to study the history of the lake and familiarize himself with various lake restoration methods. Four months later, Malligavad received funding from his company, which enabled him to start working on this project in the city of Bengaluru. With the aid of hundreds of volunteers, they removed the waste and opened the channels. Malligavad then adopted the ancient Chola method to build mud walls that channel the extra rainwater into the lakes for agricultural use. It took them just 45 days and then they waited for the rains. Six months later, when the rainy season came, he was out boating on a fresh, clean lake. “When I saw the lake, I felt younger, and I wanted to jump into it,” Malligavad said. Since this first win, Malligavad has not stopped. He created a non-profit organization called The Lake Revivers Collective. “All I have is a sense of urgency that if we don’t repair the damage we’ve already caused,” he said, “it’s going to end badly for all of us. Water shortage is a major problem in Bengaluru. Water tankers must drive in to meet the population’s needs.” His methods help to solve the problem, and even attract wildlife. 36．Why is Malligavad probably called the “Lake Man” in India? A．He is good at boating on lakes. B．He is devoted to recovering lakes. C．He completed many lake adventures. D．He created new ways of cleaning up lakes. 37．How did Malligavad respond to his company’s doubt? A．By doing lake research to win support. B．By seeking help from other companies. C．By discontinuing the restoration project. D．By making the lake’s history well known. 38．What words can best describe the approach applied in Bengaluru? A．Creative but costly. B．Practical and fruitful. C．Traditional but outdated. D．Challenging and dissatisfying. 39．What inspired Malligavad to start the non-profit organization? A．His desire to fund water tankers. B．His passion for wildlife protection. C．The wish to attract public attention. D．The serious lack of water resources. 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．B 39．D 【导语】本文一篇新闻报道。文章报道了印度“湖泊侠”Anand Malligavad致力于恢复湖泊的清洁。他通过采用古老技术，成功恢复了多个湖泊，创建了非营利组织，为解决班加罗尔的水资源短缺问题贡献力量。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anand Malligavad, known as the “Lake Man” in India, is a mechanical engineer from Bengaluru. He has spent his life studying ancient techniques for keeping lakes clean.”（Anand Malligavad，在印度被称为“湖泊侠”，是班加罗尔的机械工程师。他一生都在研究保持湖泊清洁的古老技术。）可知，Malligavad被称为“湖泊侠”是因为他致力于恢复湖泊的清洁。故选B项。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The very next day, he asked his company if they would help fund the restoration of the 36 acre lake. However, they were uncertain whether Malligavad could do this. Determined to succeed, Malligavad took it upon himself to study the history of the lake and familiarize himself with various lake restoration methods. Four months later, Malligavad received funding from his company, which enabled him to start working on this project in the city of Bengaluru.”（第二天，他问他的公司是否愿意出资修复这个36英亩的湖泊。然而，他们不确定Malligavad是否能做到这一点。Malligavad决心要成功，他亲自研究湖泊的历史，并熟悉各种湖泊恢复方法。四个月后，Malligavad从公司获得了资金，使他能够在班加罗尔市开始这个项目。）可知，对于公司的质疑，Malligavad通过对湖泊进行研究赢得了公司的支持。故选A项。 38．推理判断题。根据第三段中“With the aid of hundreds of volunteers, they removed the waste and opened the channels. Malligavad then adopted the ancient Chola method to build mud walls that channel the extra rainwater into the lakes for agricultural use.”（在数百名志愿者的帮助下，他们清除了垃圾，打开了通道。然后，Malligavad采用了古老的Chola方法建造了泥墙，将多余的雨水引入湖泊供农业使用。）和第四段中“His methods help to solve the problem, and even attract wildlife.”（他的方法有助于解决问题，甚至吸引了野生动物。）可知，Malligavad采用的方法是实用的（practical），并取得了丰硕的成果（fruitful）。故选B项。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Since this first win, Malligavad has not stopped. He created a non-profit organization called The Lake Revivers Collective.”（自从第一场胜利以来，Malligavad就没有停止过。他创建了一个名为“湖泊复苏者集体”的非营利组织。）和Malligavad的话“Water shortage is a major problem in Bengaluru. Water tankers must drive in to meet the population’s needs”（班加罗尔缺水是一个主要问题。水罐车必须开进来以满足人口需求。）可知，班加罗尔严重缺乏水资源，这激发了Malligavad创建非营利组织的灵感。故选D项。 (B) The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleep Sleep is crucial to health. But disruptive (扰乱的) noises can prevent you from falling asleep. White noise machines could help, according to one study. LectroFan Classic MASKS NOISE: LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptive environmental noises. It can help improve sleep, focus, privacy, and relaxation. 20 NON-REPEATING SOUNDS: A total of 20 unique non-repeating, digitally created sounds. 10 fan sounds & 10 white noise variations, including pink & brown noise. SAFE: Safe, solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电) or USB and dynamically creates unique, non-repeating sounds. VOLUME CONTROL: Precise volume control allows you to set the perfect level for your unique environment. Yogasleep Rohm+ EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE: The Rohm effectively cancels out noises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep and concentration. GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need. CRUSH (压坏) RESISTANT: Stylish, crush-resistant travel case fits perfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines. BATTERY OPERATED: Rechargeable through USB． Hatch Rest+ BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain. Night light — make midnight feedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light. Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise. Built-in two-way sound monitor. POWERED BY: AC and rechargeable. Loftie Clock FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep. GENTLY UNWIND: Enjoy over 100 free tracks, from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds. AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES: Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AI has an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform. It then uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story. Unlocking the Magic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+ account in the app ($5 per month). POWERED BY: AC power 40．_____ is the most suitable for Joana, whose baby sleeps in her room. A．LectroFan Classic B．Yogasleep Rohm+ C．Hatch Rest+ D．Loftie Clock 41．If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim, who often travels on business, you need to pay _____. A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00. 42．What can be learned about the four white noise machines? A．The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds. B．One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free. C．Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries. D．Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up. 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个最好的白噪音机，让你睡个好觉。 40．细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“BEST FOR BABIES: Sound machine — keep your little one dreaming with sounds like white noise, wind, and rain.(最适合宝宝：声音机——让你的宝宝在睡梦中听到白噪音、风声和雨声)”可知，Hatch Rest+最适合Joana，因为她的宝宝睡在她的房间里。故选C项。 41．细节理解题。根据Yogasleep Rohm+中“GENTLE SOUNDS: 20 different sounds including music, nature, white, pink, and brown noise, as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow you to play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on the road when you need.(柔和的声音：20种不同的声音，包括音乐，自然，白色，粉红色和棕色的噪音，以及蓝牙扬声器功能，让你播放自己的音乐或声音，并在你需要的时候在路上召开电话会议)”可知，此款适合经常出差的朋友，以及其价格是$40.03。由此可知，如果你想给经常出差的朋友Tim买一台白噪音机，你需要支付40.03美元。故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据Hatch Rest+中“Time-to-Rise — set up this light and sound combination to let your early riser know when it’s time to rise.(起床时间——设置灯光和声音的组合，让早起的你知道什么时候该起床了)”以及Loftie Clock中“FAVORITE CLOCK: Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep.(最喜欢的闹钟: Loftie Clock利用声音和灯光帮助你轻松入睡和入睡)”可知，关于这四种白噪音机器，我们可以了解到其中两种不仅可以帮助你入睡，还可以唤醒你。故选D项。 (C) Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration (移民) from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era (时代). If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species-ours—holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution (演化), even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 43．Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A．To justify the governments’ policies. B．To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. C．To advocate for advancements in tech. D．To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 44．According to this passage, AI can ________. A．put an end to climate change B．facilitate mass human migration C．speed up the competition in medical fields D．bring about potential threats from big companies 45．As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A．Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B．Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C．Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. D．Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. 46．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B．Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? C．Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? D．Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 【答案】43．C 44．D 45．D 46．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了人口增长和气候变暖两个趋势，并探讨了人工智能、太空探索以及后人类时代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行动，并强调科学需要与价值观相结合。 43．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. (科学家们对未来的预测能力很差。但可以自信地预测两种趋势。首先，世界将变得更加拥挤。到2050年，人口将超过90亿。其次，世界将变暖，一些政府不会优先考虑应对气候变化所需的长期措施，尽管科学为我们提供了低碳未来的路线图。)”以及第二段“That’s why we should be promoters of new technology—without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. (这就是为什么我们应该成为新技术的推动者——没有它，世界就无法为不断增长的人口提供所需的粮食和可持续能源。)”可知，作者在第一段中提到这两种趋势是为了呼吁大家发展科学新技术，倡导技术进步。故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据第二段“AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. (毫无疑问，人工智能在未来将变得更加激进。我们的行动、健康和财务交易记录将存储在云端。这些数据可能被用于合理的原因，如蛋白质折叠和药物开发，或警告我们最初的健康风险，但互联网公司的可用性已经将权力平衡从政府转移到了全球规模的公司。)”可知，人工智能会使人类受到来自于全球规模的大公司的潜在威胁。故选D。 45．推理判断题。根据第五段“If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. (如果后人类从血肉之躯转为完全的人工智能，他们将不需要一个均匀的重力环境，所以在深空——甚至在火星上，非生物“大脑”可能会发展出我们无法想象的力量。他们最终可能会在精神上与我们不同。人工智能可能会引发大规模的移民，从而使更复杂的智能在宇宙中传播。)”可知，作者认为完全人工智能可能存在于外太空。故选D。 46．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term—empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. (如果科学要拯救我们，我们需要从全球、理智和长远的角度思考——由科学赋予权力，但以科学本身无法提供的价值观为指导。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要探讨了人工智能、太空探索以及后人类时代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行动，并强调科学需要与价值观相结合所以“人类的未来：人工智能能拯救我们吗？”提出问题，引发读者的阅读兴趣，适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”, rather, they learn over time that such statements appease (安抚) parents and friends and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 47 It evokes Freud’s ideas and religious hang-ups. More important, guilt is deeply uncomfortable — it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Who would inflict it upon a child? Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” Vaish says, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary feelings that may be advantageous in one context and may be harmful in another. And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to correct errors and fix relationships. 48 It is a kind of social glue. Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy (and its close cousin empathy) may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can control their impulses. 49 In a 2014 study, for example, Malti and a colleague looked at 244 children, aged 4, 8, and 12. Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, they rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions (like guilt and sadness) after moral transgressions (违背) . Then the kids were handed stickers and chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. 50 The guilt-prone ones shared more. However, they may not magically have become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation. “That’s good news.” Malti says, “We can be pro-social because of the empathetic proclivity (倾向) , or because we caused harm and we feel regret.” A．And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt. B．The main reason why guilt works comes down to simple psychology and conditioning we receive as children. C．For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how likely they were to feel guilty. D．Guilt is an incredibly powerful emotion which has slip by unnoticed for long. E．In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad reputation. F．Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. 【答案】47．E 48．F 49．A 50．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了内疚对人类社交和道德行为的影响。 47．根据上文的“This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.(这就是为什么研究人员普遍认为适量的所谓道德内疚是一件好事。)”可知，内疚是有好处的。根据下文的“It evokes Freud’s ideas and religious hang-ups. More important, guilt is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. (它唤起了弗洛伊德的思想和宗教的困扰。更重要的是，内疚是非常不舒服的——它就像穿着一件装着石头的夹克。)”可知，内疚是有不好的。E项(当然，在大众的想象中，内疚仍然有不好的名声。)与上文构成转折关系，引出下文，解释说明为什么内疚是不好的。故选E项。 48．根据上文的“And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to correct errors and fix relationships. (而内疚，通过促使我们更深入地思考我们的善良，可以鼓励人们纠正错误，修复关系。)”和下文的“It is a kind of social glue.(它是一种社交粘合剂。)”可知，F项(换句话说，内疚可以帮助合作的物种团结在一起。)承接上文，说明了内疚发挥了团结人们的作用，下文是对内疚发挥作用的一种形象性的比喻，说明了内疚对于社交的积极作用。故选F项。 49．根据上文的“Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can control their impulses.(一些缺乏同情心的孩子可能会通过体验更多的内疚感来弥补这一不足，这可以控制他们的冲动。)”可知，A项(反之亦然：富有同情心可以弥补内疚感的不足。)承接上文，说明了同情心和内疚感可以互相促进，弥补彼此的不足。故选A项。 50．根据上文的“Then the kids were handed stickers and chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. (然后，孩子们拿到了贴纸和巧克力硬币，并有机会与一个匿名的孩子分享它们。)”和下文的“The guilt-prone ones shared more. However, they may not magically have become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation.(有负罪感的人分享得更多。然而，他们可能不会神奇地对于其他孩子的剥夺变得更同情。)”可知，C项(对于缺乏同情心的孩子来说，他们分享的多少似乎与他们感到内疚的可能性有关。)承接上文，指出了实验结果，得出了分享与内疚的相关性，下文指出了相关性的具体表现，即有负罪感的人分享得更多，然后意义发生了转折，即使有负罪感的人分享得更多，他们可能不会同情其他孩子受到的剥夺。故选C项。 III.Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Is there a correlation between high IQ and creative genius? Really , the phrasing of the question contradicts very much correlation, as “creativity” is in no way measured through IQ standardized testing, and creativity is the greatest determinant of a genius as, like you say , it is a genius. Innovation upon any subject requires a drive to create. As ones IQ increases, there is an increased probability that they are a genius because their level of creativity has a higher probability of ascending (升高) them to genius level. However if the odds are against them, there is an average probability that they are a genius since they are average percent genius. This is because genius and IQ are composed of different mental constructs as IQ measures a standard comprehension level, while creativity measures the way in which this comprehension is used. For example , if your IQ is 180, the percentage that you are a genius is subtracted by the amount of creativity necessary to become a genius. This is inductive of the influence that the brain has on awareness. The brain gains perceptive awareness upon “creating thoughts in a continuous cyclic process, and if you were very “intelligent” but could not generate thoughts, you could not be an intellectual being. However, one who is alive can never stop thinking, so the correlation of IQ and genius would objectively appear as a negative exponential function. There are few exceptionally creative people out there, just as there are few exceptionally intelligent people, and one does not occur with the other. Possessing a high level of intelligence is a platform of understanding for the creative thinking skills to make up originality. When one bears informal thinking skills, they typically occupy heightened intuitive awareness, and vivid imaginative qualities. Critical thinking skills allow one to make sense of the resultant creative output within its surrounding context of knowledge. However, not all “geniuses” from our subjective intelligence range necessarily have high levels of creativity. One's level of intelligence can be so high that their platform of understanding generalizes ideas where a genius with lower levels of intelligence must use creativity in order to attain a sort of qualitative equivalence. Examples of people like this throughout history include the likes of John von Neumann and Christopher Langan. 51.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The higher a person’s IQ, the more likely he is to be a genius. IQ measures the standard level of comprehension, while creativity measures how comprehension is used. The relationship between intelligence and genius is objectively a negative exponential function. Extremely creative people and extremely smart people don’t coexist. 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了高智商和创造性天才之间的关系。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①As ones IQ increases, there is an increased probability that they are a genius because their level of creativity has a higher probability of ascending them to genius level. ②This is because genius and IQ are composed of different mental constructs as IQ measures a standard comprehension level, while creativity measures the way in which this comprehension is used. ③However, one who is alive can never stop thinking, so the correlation of IQ and genius would objectively appear as a negative exponential function. ④There are few exceptionally creative people out there, just as there are few exceptionally intelligent people, and one does not occur with the other. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3、4要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 The higher a person’s IQ, the more likely he is to be a genius. The relationship between intelligence and genius is objectively a negative exponential function. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The higher a person’s IQ, the more likely he is to be a genius.（运用了固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，对原文第一段和第二段中智商和天才的关系进行了概括，表达非常高级） 【高分句型2】IQ measures the standard level of comprehension, while creativity measures how comprehension is used.（运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第二段中智商、创造力和理解的关系进行了概括。其中how引导宾语从句，表达非常高级） IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．研究小组就阅读习惯实施了一个随机调查。(random) 【答案】The research group conducted a random survey on reading habits. 【详解】考查名词短语、形容词和动词时态。表示“研究小组”应用名词短语research group，作主语，表示“实施”应用动词conduct，作谓语动词，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，表示“调查”应用名词survey，作宾语，表示“随机的”应用形容词random，作定语，修饰名词 survey，表示“关于”应用介词on，表示“阅读习惯”应用名词短语reading habits，作宾语。故翻译为The research group conducted a random survey on reading habits。 53．尽管有网红受邀为这款产品站台，消费者仍需考虑价格、质量等诸多因素。（account） 【答案】Though some Internet / web / online celebrities are / have been invited to back up this product, consumers need to take into account quite a few factors such as its price and quality. 【详解】考查让步状语从句、时态、动词短语和介词短语。前半句“尽管有网红受邀为这款产品站台”，根据句意，谓语可用一般现在时态或现在完成时态；“尽管”表达为连接词though，引导让步状语从句；“网红”表达为名词短语Internet / web / online celebrities，作状语从句的主语；“被邀请……做……”表达为invite sb to do sth，此处invite与“网红”之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，即are invited或have been invited；“为……站台”即“支持……”，表达为动词短语back up，宾语是“这款产品”this product，可用动词不定式作状语表示目的；前半句翻译为：Though some Internet / web/online celebrities are / have been invited to back up this product。后半句“消费者仍需考虑价格、质量等诸多因素”为主句，主语“消费者”用consumers；“需做……”表达为动词短语need to do sth，为谓语动词，陈述事实用一般现在时；根据要求，“考虑”表达为动词take... into account；宾语“诸多因素”表达为名词短语quite a few factors；“价格、质量等”可表达为短语such as its price and quality，整理语序，故翻译为：Though some Internet / web/online celebrities are / have been invited to back up this product, consumers need to take into account quite a few factors such as its price and quality. 54．“新中式”服装既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭，正受到年轻一代追捧。(combine) 【答案】Combining the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with everyday wearability, “New Chinese-style” clothing is currently being embraced by the younger generation./The “New Chinese-style” clothing combines the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with daily wear, and is being embraced by the younger generation. 【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词、动词时态和语态。根据中文提示可知，本句主语为“‘新中式’服装”译为(the)“New Chinese-style” clothing，表示“既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭”可以用非谓语动词表达，逻辑主语clothing与combine……with…“结合……”构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词，表示“中华优秀传统文化魅力”用the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture，表示“日常穿搭”用everyday wearability，currently“目前”作状语，表示“受年轻一代追捧”用现在进行时的被动语态is being embraced by the young generation。也可以用并列句表达，“既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭”用一般现在时句子，主语为单数，谓语动词combine用第三人称单数，译为：combines the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with daily wear，将“‘正受到年轻一代追捧’”与其用and并列。故翻译为Combining the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with everyday wearability, “New Chinese-style” clothing is currently being embraced by the younger generation./The “New Chinese-style” clothing combines the charm of excellent traditional Chinese culture with daily wear, and is being embraced by the younger generation. 55．现在，上海很多小区都开了便民食堂，这无疑给居民带来了很大的便利，特别是孤寡老人和工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人。(which) 【答案】At present, many communities have opened convenience dining rooms in Shanghai, which, out of question, bring great convenience to the residents, especially for the lonely elderly and those who are too busy to cook. 【详解】 考查定语从句、名词短语、介词短语、动词短语和固定句型。时间状语“现在”可用固定短语at present，主语“很多小区”可用名词短语many communities，为复数，“开便民食堂”可用动词短语open convenience dining rooms，“上海”可理解为地点状语，用介词短语in Shanghai表示，且此处描述过去发生的行为对现在造成的影响，时态宜用现在完成时，open应变为have opened。“这无疑给居民带来了很大的便利，特别是孤寡老人和工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人”可理解为是对“便民食堂”的补充说明，可将convenience dining rooms作为先行词，指物，可用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，为复数，“无疑”可用介词短语out of question，用于强调，“给……带来很大的便利”可用动词短语bring great convenience to，“居民”可用名词短语the residents，“特别是”可用固定表达especially for，“孤寡老人”可用名词短语the lonely elderly，“和”可用并列连词and；“工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人”可用who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词those，表示“……的人”，those在从句中作主语，“工作繁忙无法做某事”可用固定句型be too busy to do sth.，“做饭”可用动词cook；且整个定语从句描述的是当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，bring应保持原形，be动词应用are。故译为：At present, many communities have opened convenience dining rooms in Shanghai, which, out of question, bring great convenience to the residents, especially for the lonely elderly and those who are too busy to cook. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你的外国朋友William一直对中国文化很感兴趣。近日，他在网上了解到有两个相关的线上节目（节目信息如下表所示），但他对节目选择有些茫然，想听听你的建议。请给William回复一封邮件，邮件内容须包括： （1）推荐其中一个节目； （2）通过比较两个节目的信息，说明你推荐该节目的理由。 节目名称 故宫里的国宝 Treasures of the Forbidden City 寻访中国美食 Exploring Chinese Cuisine 节目内容 介绍故宫里的国宝及其背后的故事 介绍中国传统美食及其烹饪方式 节目形式 纪录片 短视频 节目语言 英语解说 无字幕 (subtitles) 中文解说 英语字幕 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear William,       Having learnt you are interested in Chinese culture and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Treasures of the Forbidden City or the Exploring Chinese Cuisine, I am writing to put forward my own idea that the second option might be more suitable for you.       The reasons behind the choice, as far as I can see, can be analyzed in three aspects. To begin with, as is universally acknowledged, delicious cuisine is always a popular topic around the whole world. In this programme, you will be introduced the process of making Chinese traditional food, which is also a part of the Chinese culture. In addition, it won't cost you much time since it is presented by short video, so that you can choose your time freely. Last but not least, although the programme is spoken in Chinese, there are English subtitles for you to have a full understanding of the content.       To sum up, it is advisable that you choose the second one. Hope the above might be of any help to you. Thank you for your time and wish you a great success in learning about the Chinese culture. Yours, Zhao Lei 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国朋友William写一封邮件，给他提一些关于了解中国文化节目的选择建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：option→choice 总之：to sum up→in short 普遍地：universally→widely 有帮助的：be of help→be helpful 2.句式拓展 改为复合句 原句：The reasons behind the choice, as far as I can see, can be analyzed in three aspects. 拓展句：The reasons why I made the choice can be analyzed in three aspects. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having learnt you are interested in Chinese culture and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Treasures of the Forbidden City or the Exploring Chinese Cuisine, I am writing to put forward my own idea that the second option might be more suitable for you.(运用了现在分词短语作状语和idea后that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】To begin with, as is universally acknowledged, delicious cuisine is always a popular topic around the whole world.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句) ( 第 1 页 共 1 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$