Unit 5 Humans and Nature 一轮复习课件-2025届高三英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 5　Humans and Nature 必修第二册 主题语境:人与自然——环境保护 单元核心话题 与 高考热点 4.在应用文中的求助信中提出环境问题及请求相关人员或部门帮助。 高考方向 1.记叙文、应用文中的媒体报道及日记，记录或报道自己或他人参与的一次环境保护活动如：垃圾分类、光盘行动、节约用水活动；介绍“地球一小时”活动；介绍“世界水日”；介绍“无车日”活动； 2.在议论文中考查涉及以下内容：自然灾害产生及治理措施、动物灭绝及保护措施、环境污染及治理措施、大城市人口增长及解决措施、留守儿童问题及解决措施、出国游客不文明现象、旅游景点不文明现象等等； 3.在演讲稿和倡议书中，呼吁同学们和社会各界保护环境，相关话题有：呼吁进行垃圾分类、节约用水、节约用电、光盘行动、海洋保护、森林保护，爱护濒危动物等； 1. 环境污染的原因（Causes of environmental pollution） 2. 坏的影响 （Bad effects） 3. 环境保护措施（Measures of environmental protection） 环境污染的原因、影响和解决措施 1.cut down trees 砍伐树木 2.pollute the environment/air 污染环境/空气 3.lead /water /noise/air /white pollution 铅/水/噪音/空气/白色污染 4.The rubbish was everywhere. 到处是垃圾。 5.send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air 排放烟雾和有毒气体 6.pour waste water into rivers without being treated 往河里排放未经处理的废水 1. 环境污染的原因（Causes of environmental pollution） 2. 坏的影响（Bad effects） 1.acid rain 酸雨 2.abnormal climate 气候异常 3.global warming 全球变暖 4.sea level rise 海平面上升 5.greenhouse effect 温室效应 6.extinction of animals 动物灭绝 7.be harmful to/do harm to... 对……有害 8.flood many low-lying cities 水淹低洼城市 9.drought/flood/sandstorms sweep across... 干旱/洪水/沙尘暴横扫 10.The polluted water causes diseases and death. 污染的水导致疾病和死亡。 11.Vegetation has been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities. 随着现代城市的快速发展，植被已大大减少。 3. 环境保护措施（Measures of environmental protection） 1.reserve ,preserve自然保护区 2.More nature reserves are supposed to set up to protect wildlife. 应该建立更多的自然保护区来保护野生生物。 3.call on/appeal to common people to save /conserve/preserve energy/food/water… 号召节约能源/食物/水... 4.Government has played an important role in water/food/ocean/forest conservation (/protection).政府在水/食品/海洋/森林保护方面发挥了重要作用. 5.sort rubbish 垃圾分类 6.raise the awareness of protecting the ecology 唤醒保护生态的意识 7.make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源 8.go green 生产或使用绿色产品 3. 环境保护措施（Measures of environmental protection） 9.take action/steps/measures to protect the environment 采取措施保护环境 10.ride bicycles to work 骑自行车上班 11.develop/use up/run out of renewable resources 发展/用尽可再生资源 12.fight against pollution 与污染作斗争 13.sustainable development 可持续发展 14.eco-friendly products 生态友好的产品 15.deal with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾 16.recycle textbooks/trash 课本/垃圾回收利用 17.ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟 3. 环境保护措施（Measures of environmental protection） 18.improve our living conditions 改善居住条件 19.keep the balance of nature 保持自然界的平衡 20.stop / keep/ prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做 21.ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 22.don’t litter/spit everywhere 不随地扔垃圾/吐痰 23.carry/shoulder the responsibility for this 为此承担责任 24.sustainable development 可持续发展 单元核心 词汇短语 重点句型 与 话题写作词汇 必背重点词汇 1.　 　 n. 洪水,水灾 2.　 　 n. 旱灾,干旱 3.　 　 n. 野生动植物,野生生物 4.　 　 adj.拥挤的;挤满人的 5.　 　 n. 风景,景色 6.　 　 adj.活的,活着的 7.　 　 n. 野草;海藻 8.　 　 n. 鹿 9.　 　 n. 昆虫 10.　 　 n. 土壤 11.　 　 n. 气候 12.　 　 n. 讲座,讲课;演讲 13.　 　 vt. 过度使用;滥用 flood drought wildlife crowded landscape living weed deer insect soil climate lecture overuse 必背重点词汇 14.　 　 n. 百万 15.　 　 n. 温室,暖房 16.　 　 n. 海浪;波涛 17.　 　 vi.& vt. 逃离;逃避 18.　 　 n. 档案,卷宗 19.　 　 n. 诗歌;作诗的艺术 20.　 　 n. 灵魂 21.　 　 n. 面积;长度;范围;程度 22.　 　 vt. 困住;使陷于危险中 23.　 　 n.& vt. 努力,尝试,企图 24.　 　 n. 丧失;死亡 25　 　 n. 伤害,损伤,损害 26.　 　 n. 职责,义务;责任 million greenhouse wave escape file poetry soul extent trap attempt loss damage duty 必背重点词汇 27.　 　 n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨 28.　 　 vt. 实施;进行;执行  vi.& vt. 指挥 29.　 　 n. 灯 30.　 　 adv. 附近 31.　 　 vi.& vt.呼吸 32.　 　 n. 灰尘;尘埃 33.　 　 adj. 高兴的,兴高采烈的 34.　 　 vt. 证明;证实 35.　 　 adj. 久远的;遥远的 36.　 　 n. 避难所 37.　 　 adj. 各种各样的,形形色色的 suffering conduct lamp nearby breathe dust cheerful prove distant shelter varied 阅读词汇识记 1.hurricane n. 2.volcanic adj. 3.eruption n. 4.comment n. 5.whale n. 6.dolphin n. 7.shark n. 8.kangaroo n. 9.eagle n. 10.fox n. 11.ecology n. 12.jungle n. 13.edge n. 14.horrible adj. 15.tube n. 飓风 火山的;由火山作用引起的 爆发 评论;意见 鲸 海豚 鲨(鱼) 袋鼠 鹰 狐狸 生态;生态学 (热带)丛林 边缘 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 圆管,管子;(伦敦)地铁 阅读词汇识记 16.rescue n.& vt. 17.vehicle n. 18.overseas adv. 19.site n. 20.process n. 21.battle n. 22.ski n. vi. 23.captain n. 24.polar adj. 25.base n. vt. 26.continent n. 27.brochure n. 28.aftershock n. 29.metal n. 30.originality n. 31.skiing n. 以……为基础 洲,大洲;大陆 小册子 (地震的)余震 金属 独创性;创造力 滑雪运动 营救;救援 交通工具,车辆 在海外,在外国 场所,地点 过程,进程 较量,竞争;斗争;战斗 滑雪板 滑雪 上校;队长;组长 极地的,地极的 基地,大本营;基础 1. disaster n.灾难→ adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的 2. shock vt.使震惊;使难以置信　 　 adj.令人震惊的,极坏的 →　 adj.震惊的;震撼的 3. survive vi.& vt.活下来;幸存　 　 n.幸存→　 　 n.幸存者 4. fright n.惊吓→　　 v.吓唬→ adj.受惊的,害怕的 →　　 adj.令人惊恐的,骇人的 5. curious adj.好奇的→　 　 adv.好奇地→　　 n.好奇心,新奇的事物 6. observe vt.观察;遵守;庆祝→　　 n.观察;观察结果 →　　 adj.看得见的;觉察得到的;可遵守的,可庆祝的 7. equal adj.相等的;相同的→　　 adj.不平等的 →　 　 n.平等→　 　 n.不平等→　　 adv.平等地→　　 adv.不平等地 8. interrupt vt.打断讲话→　　 n.打断 9. die vi.死→　　 n.死,死亡 10. measure vt.估量,衡量;测量→　 　 n.估量,衡量;测量→　 　 adj.无法测量的;无可估量的;无限的 词汇拓展 disastrous shocking shocked survival survivor frighten frightened frightening curiously curiosity observation observable unequal equality inequality equally unequally interruption death measurement measureless 11. operate v.手术;操作　　 n.手术;行动,活动;操作→　　 adj.可动手术的 12. protect vt.保护;防护　　 n.保护;防护　　 adj.给予保护的,保护的 13. prepare vt.准备;筹备,筹划→　　 n.预备,准备 14. ambition n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→　　 adj.有抱负的,志向远大的 →　　 adv.有抱负地,志向远大地 15. honest adj.坦诚的;诚实的　 n.坦诚;诚实,正直→　 　 adj.不诚实的 → n.不坦诚;不诚实,不正直 16. sincere adj.真诚的,真挚的,诚实的 →　　 adv.真诚地,真挚地,诚实地 →　　 n.真诚,真挚,诚实 17. brave adj.勇敢的,英勇的 　 adv.勇敢地,英勇地　 n.勇气;勇敢的行为 18. appear vi.出现　 vi.消失　　 n.出现　 n.消亡;消失 词汇拓展 operation operable protection protective preparation ambitious ambitiously honesty dishonest dishonesty sincerely sincerity bravely bravery disappear appearance disappearance 核心短语 1. 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 2. 对……好奇 3. 倒下 4. 把……系到……上 5. 作出决定 6. 穿上;假装;上演 7. 拾起,捡起;开车接;接收信号;无意中学会 8. 过一遍,复习 9. 取得快速进步 turn one's back (on sb/sth) be curious about fall down tie...to... make a decision put on pick up go over make rapid progress 10.break down 　 11.be in preparation for 12.comment on 13.pull into 14.have difficulty with 15.carry on 16.run out 17.breathe in 18.on the edge of 　 核心短语 停止运转,出故障 为……准备 对……评论 进入,驶进站 在……方面有困难 继续 用完;耗尽 吸气 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 单元重点句型 1.It takes (sb) some time to do sth句型。 2.as if表示“好像”句型。 3.What if...?句型。 That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. 那一天我的身体和灵魂只用了六个小时就支离破碎了。 I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. 我觉得恶心,好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 But what if I'm trapped? 要是我困于其中怎么办? 4.have great difficulty (in) doing句型。 The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. 下一个离去的是奥次·埃文船长,他连走路都困难。 一、地形地貌 1.geography n.地理 2.continent n.大陆 3.valley n.山谷 4.stream n.小溪 5.desert n.沙漠 6.landmark n.地标性建筑 7.mountainous adj.多山的 8.steep adj.陡峭的 二、自然灾害 1.tsunami n.海啸 2.acid rain 酸雨 3.mudslide n.泥石流 4.wildfire n.野火 5.sandstorm n.沙尘暴 6.ruin v.毁坏,破坏 7.destroy vt.摧毁,破坏 8.threaten vt.威胁 自然与环境保护——高考常用高分词汇 单元主题词汇背记 三、救援与环保 1.distribute vt.发放;分发 2.evolution n.进化 3.extinct adj.灭绝的 4.victim n.受害者 5.preserve vt.保护 6.irrigate vt.灌溉 7.endangered adj.濒危的 8.harmonious adj.和谐的 高考主题高频短语 单元主题词汇背记 1.be abundant in 富含;盛产 2.be located... 坐落在,位于 3.cover an area of 占地面积为…… 4.take on a new look 呈现新面貌 5.off the coast of 在……海岸附近 6.be surrounded by 被……所包围 7.extreme climate 极端天气 8.average temperature 平均温度 9.drinking water shortage 饮用水缺乏 10.die out 灭绝 11.stricken area 受灾地区 12.come to one's rescue 前来营救某人 13.be trapped in ruins 被困在废墟中 14.rebuild one's home 重建家园 15.keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 1.hold out one's hand 伸出手 2.spread one's hands 摊开双手 3.raise/put up one's hand 举手 4.hold one's hand 抓住某人的手 5.shake hands with 与……握手 单元主题续写语料积累 动作描写(四):动“手” 1.I cupped my hand over the phone so they couldn't hear me. 2.Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips. 3.I reached down and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could. 4.I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free.I opened my hands and up it flew towards the shining sun. 5.Without thinking I got out of my car,held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn't move forward,and bent down to look at the butterfly. 单元主题续写语料积累 “手”的动作描写 我用手捂住电话,免得他们听到我的话。 她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。 我俯下身,尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。 我托起它的腿。忽然间,它自由了。我张开双手,它朝明亮的太阳飞去。 我想都没想就下了车,举起手不让卡车司机往前走,然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。 单元主题精美语段 Suddenly I felt a hand on my arm and then another on my face.I tried reaching for my box of matches,and grabbed it just in time, for someone was trying to take them out of my pocket.From every direction came these disgusting creatures,pulling at my hair and my clothing.Because I could not get hold of the matches firmly,I shouted as loud as I could. 突然,我感到一只手放在我的胳膊上,然后又一只手放在我的脸上。我试着伸手去拿我的火柴盒,及时抓住了它,因为有人想把它们从我的口袋里拿出来。这些可恶的生物从四面八方来,拉着我的头发和衣服。因为我不能牢牢抓住火柴,所以我竭尽全力大声叫喊。 1. cup n. 杯子；一杯（的量）；杯（烹饪的计量单位），量杯（金属或塑料量器）；优胜杯，奖杯；杯状物；（胸罩的）罩杯；（含酒精的）混合饮料；<美>（高尔夫球的）球洞；<美>（男子运动时穿的）护裆 v. （用手）做成杯状；窝起手掌托住；<旧>为……拔火罐（或做吸杯治疗） 2. disgust n. 反感，憎恶；厌恶，憎恶 v. 使反感，使憎恶；使感到恶心（作呕） 单元核心 考点 复习检测 1.It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was at last (营救). 2.There is little doubt,however,that things will improve in the not too 　　 (遥远的) future. 3.Many 　　 (鹿) were eating grass on the hill when a plane flew across the sky. 4.Standing in the cold wind,I felt I could hardly (呼吸). 5.The programme that was aired last month has attracted 　　 (百万) of viewers. 单词拼写 rescued distant deer breathe millions 2.When the big boy 　 　 the little girl that he would tell her father what she had done,the girl felt very 　 　.In fact what she couldn't forget was the 　　 scene she went through where a 　　 dog was running after her.(frighten) 词形转换 1.It was nearly ten o'clock at night.Her daughter not arriving home,Mrs.Smith felt very 　 　.She looked at her husband and asked 　 　, “When will our daughter return?” The husband comforted her and answered, “Don't worry.She will soon be back.” His tone obviously showed his .(anxious) anxious anxiously anxiety frightened frightened frightening frightening 5.Each of those 　　 owed their 　　 to the support of the brave soldiers,who risked their lives to save them.Without the soldiers,they said,they would never have 　　 the terrible earthquake.(survive) 词形转换 3.In the foreign company,not everyone is 　 so many employees fight for 　　 . They think it's 　　 that the workers who do hard work aren't paid enough,which means people in the company are not treated 　　 .(equal) equal equality unequal equally 4.Some 　　 set out last month.They hoped the jungles in the west where they wanted to discover some new species.The public looked forward to the success of their .(explore) explorers to explore exploration survivors survival survived A team of explorers were driving their car when their car came to a stop.Thinking that it 1.　　 (抛锚),they got off the car but nothing was wrong with it.They asked some passers-by for help,but some just 2.　　 (对……置之不理) them.They then 3.　　 (作出决定) that they would 4.　　 (穿上) their old clothes and push their car forward.Many passers-by 5. (对……好奇) their behaviour and stopped to look at them.At first they6.　　 (取得快速进步),but of course,they 7.　　 (在……方面有困难) the push for a long time.Even one of them was too tired and 8. (摔倒).The others had to lift him up.They had no choice but 9.　　 (继续) checking the car and found that it 10.　　 (用完) oil. 语篇填空 broke down turned their backs on made the decision put on were curious about made rapid progress had difficulty with fell down to carry on ran out of 单元核心 词汇 讲练巩固 1. shock vt. 使震惊;使难以置信　 n. 冲击,震惊 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 惊愕的,震惊的 1. in shock 震惊地；休克 be numb with shock 震惊得目瞪口呆 It came as a shock (to sb.) that... (对某人来说)真是一件震惊的事 culture shock 文化冲击 2. It shocks sb. to see/hear/find that...看到/听到/发现...使人震惊 3. be shocked by/at... 对……感到震惊 be shocked to do... 因做……而震惊 numb adj. 麻木的，失去感觉的；迟钝的，呆滞的 v. 使麻木，使失去知觉；使迟钝，使呆滞；使（某种感觉）减轻，使减弱 1.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)My wife was also 　　shock when she did realize it wasn't a dream. 2.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)And I went home,and over that weekend I wrote the story Clifford the Big Red Dog,and (shock) when it was accepted for publication,because I'd never written anything before. 3.It's 　　 (shock) that in this country hospitals should deny help to older people. 4.(读后续写之心理描写) He was on the edge of breaking down, not uttering a word, but pointed to the distance shock. in was shocked shocking 语法填空 补全句子 in 5.(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)听到我的搭档住院的消息，我很震惊。与此同时，我很震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。 I that my partner was admitted to hospital. Meanwhile, I I had no option but to finish our project on my own. was shocked by/at the news was shocked to find that v. 说，讲；发出（声音） n. 可选择的事物；选择，选择权； We were shocked to know that so many people died in the flood. 写作运用 1. (读后续写之神态描写)看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。 Seeing horrible heavy smoke shooting out of the window，he ____________________. was numb with shock 2. (写作话题之环境保护)令我们震惊的是每年有这么多的野生动物被杀死。 It comes as a shock to us that so many wild animals are killed every year. 3. (写作话题之环境保护)我们震惊地了解到如此多的人死于洪水。 numb adj. 麻木的，失去感觉的；迟钝的，呆滞的 v. 使麻木，使失去知觉；使迟钝，使呆滞；使（某种感觉）减轻，使减弱 2. escape n. & vi. & vt. 逃跑, 逃避, 逃脱;溢出; 1. escape sth. 躲过某事 escape doing/being done 逃避(被)做某事 escape being punished 逃过惩罚 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避…… sth. escape sb. 某人忘记了某事 2. have a narrow escape 死里逃生；侥幸躲过 There is no escaping the fact that... 毫无疑问 If you break the school rules,never depend on it that you can escape 　　 . 1.Because of carelessness the boy who didn't obey the traffic rules 　 (narrow) escaped in the car accident. 2.(2020天津卷)The thief tries 　　 (escape).And the officer can't let him get away. 3.If not educated timely,the kid will not escape (fall) into a bad habit. 4.The frightened deer attempted to escape (catch) by the tiger,but in vain. narrowly to escape falling 语法填空 being caught 5.如果你违反了学校规则,你别指望能逃脱惩罚。 补全句子 being punished 6.(读后续写之逃生)我离开帐篷才死里逃生。 我刚从里面逃出来它就烧毁了。 by leaving the tent.Hardly ____________________when it burned down. I had a narrow escape had I escaped from it 写作运用 1.(主旨升华)毫无疑问中国在过去的四十年一直迅速发展。 There is no escaping the fact that China has been developing very rapidly in the last forty years. 2.(读后续写细节描写)这件事我完全记不得了. The matter has quite escaped my memory. 3. survive vi. 幸存,生存下来　 vt. 比……活得长;幸免于,从……中逃生,幸存 survivor n. 生还者,幸存者 survival n. 幸存;幸存物 1. survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来 survive the accident/test/crash/earthquake...从事故/测试/坠机/地震中生还 survive on 靠……存活下来 survive from 从某个时间存活/流传下来 A survive B (by＋时间)　 A比B活得长(……) 2. survival of the fittest 适者生存 1.(2022全国甲卷)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows,the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest (survive) traditional theatre. 2.For a sudden heart failure,the single best chance for 　 　 (survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. surviving survival 语法填空 1.After she had survived that night,she was confident that everything else would be all right.(用分词作状语改写) 句式升级 　 ,she was confident that everything else would be all right. Having survived that night 2.(写作话题之传统文化)所有这些建筑都是从清代留存至今的。 All these buildings survived from the Qing Dynasty. 4. curious adj. 好奇的 curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 curiously adv. 好奇地 1. be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 极想做某事 2. out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 arouse one’s curiosity 激发某人的好奇心 1. Curious the process of making a lamp，the boy went to the factory to make a careful observation. about 语法填空 句式升级 2.(读后续写之动作描写)出于好奇，我偷偷地透过窗户向办公室内窥视。 3.(应用文之人物描写)我弟弟总是想知道一切，但似乎没有人能满足他的好奇心。 ，I secretly peeped through the window into the office. Out of curiosity My brother ,but no one ________________ ________________________. is always curious to know everything seems to be able to meet/satisfy his curiosity 5. equal adj. 平等的,均等的;相同的;能胜任的　 vt. 比得上,敌得过　 n. 对手,同辈,匹敌 equality n. 平等 equally adv. 平等地,均等地 unequal adj. 不平等的 inequality n. 不平等 1. be equal to (doing) sth 与...相等，胜任(做)某事 be equal in 在某方面相等 A equals B in... A在某方面比得上B equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过某人/物 2. be of equal importance 同样重要 without equal 无与伦比 “胜任”的不同表达: be equal to/be up to/be suitable/fit for/be qualified for/be competent for 1.(2020·全国Ⅰ)The person I respect most is my head teacher who attaches great importance to honesty,sincerity,bravery and , so he treats each of us students . 2.(2022全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides contact(联系) and share with one another. 3.All people in the company have the　 　 (equal) of opportunity. equality equally equally equality 语法填空 4.(应用文写作之申请信)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样吸引人的是，我的沟通技巧无与伦比。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。 Firstly,nobody can . is that I am in communication skills. So I hold the firm belief that ____________________ as a volunteer for the fair. 补全句子 equal me in oral English without I am equal to the job Equally attractive equal →No one matches him in courage,about which everyone knows.  →No one is equal to him in courage,about which everyone knows.  →No one equals him in courage,about which everyone knows.  I'm really equal to the position as I'm a local student who knows the surroundings very well. 写作运用 1. (应用文之申请信)我是当地学生,对周围的环境非常了解,所以能胜任这个职位。 2.在勇气上没有人能和他相媲美,这一点大家都知道。 6. attempt vt. & n. 尝试,试图 attempted adj. 未遂的,企图的 1. attempt to do sth 尝试(试图)做某事 2. make an/no attempt/attempts to do sth/at doing sth 尝试(做某事) in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 1.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)But our insisting it's merely a window has kept them from (attempt)millions of requests to open the door. 2.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Every year about 40,000 people attempt (climb) Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 3.The boy wore a mask in 　　 attempt to frighten the dog away. 4.Although he survived the (attempt) murder,it took him quite a long time to return to normal. 语法填空 attempting to climb an attempted 4. (2022·浙江读后续写)我尝试向无家可归的人分发食物，但我笨手笨脚的。我不安地皱了皱眉。 I ,but I was all thumbs.I frowned anxiously. attempted/made an attempt to distribute food to the homeless people 补全句子 I suggest that you should go on a healthy diet and keep regular exercise in an attempt to lose weight. 1. (写作话题之课外活动)这些天,我和我的同学们正在努力工作,试图创作一部短剧。 2.(应用文之建议信)我建议你进行健康饮食,坚持有规律的锻炼来尝试减肥。 These days my classmates and I are working hard in an attempt to create a short play. 写作运用 3.(应用文写作之安慰信)不要因为这次失败而感到沮丧，因为很少有人能在第一次尝试中成功。 Don’t be upset because of this failure,because few can succeed at the first attempt. 7. trap vt. 使困住,诱骗,使陷入困境　 n. 陷阱,圈套 1. trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人做某事 be/get/become trapped in 被困在 2. set/lay a trap for 为...设置陷阱，为...布下圈套 fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱 fall into the trap of doing sth. 掉进...的圈套 1.(2019天津卷)We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped 　　 it. 2.　　 (trap) in ruins,the little girl still kept calm,wearing a smile and waiting to be rescued. 3.(写作话题之自然灾害)Many people were trapped in the flood,and they were in great demand of foods.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) in Trapped 语法填空 　 ,many people were in great demand of foods. 句式升级 Trapped in the flood 4.(应用文之建议信)不要没仔细看就签字,小心上当。 Don't fall into the trap of signing something without reading it carefully first. 8. damage v. 损害;损伤　 n. 伤害,损伤,损害 n. 赔偿金（用复数） 1. do/cause damage to 给...带来/造成毁坏/损伤 damage one's health 损害某人的健康 be badly damaged 遭受严重的损害 2. brain/liver damage 脑/肝损伤 structural/environmental damage 结构损伤，环境破坏 tissue/physical damage 组织损伤，有形/物理损害 damage machanics 损伤力学 damage assessment 损伤评估 1. damage作名词表示“伤害,损伤,损害”意义时，是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，也不能变复数形式。 2. damage作名词表示“赔偿金、赔偿费”意义时，则必须用复数形式。 3. damage作动词表示“损害;损伤;损坏”意义时，是及物动词。 We will reimburse(偿还；赔偿) the customer for any loss or damage . The judge awarded him $1000 as damages. A fire had severely damaged the warehouse(仓库). destroy,break,wreck,ruin,spoil,damage这组词都有“破坏，损坏”的意思，其区分是： 1.destroy指彻底毁坏, 所带来的损坏是不能修复的, 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉; 也可用于比喻, 表示希望破灭、计划落空等。 2.break，“打碎，打破”，一般用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。 3.wreck“破坏，断送（计划等）；毁坏（车辆或建筑物）；造成（船舶）失事”，侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严峻破坏或完全毁坏，也可指安排、健康受到损害。 4.ruin指彻底毁掉, 多用于美好的事物, 这种毁坏多是由自然力量、个人疏忽等造成的, 但这种破坏不指使某物彻底消失, 而是指长期损坏的结果，多指因外部缘由而受到严峻破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。 5.spoil“破坏，糟蹋；溺爱，宠坏；变质，腐败”强调不仅会减弱力气、精力或价值，而且会导致不行避开 的毁灭。 6.damage表示“损害, 损坏”, 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果，程度较轻, 所带来的损伤是可修复的。 9. measure vt. 测量；估量；衡量 vi. 量度为 n. 措施 measurement n. 尺寸；大小；测量) 1. measure...by... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 2. take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 make sth to one’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 1. According to the lecture,you can’t measure someone their appearances and the clothes they wear. 2.In that distant continent,trees are extremely tall,some __________(measure) over 90 meters in height. 3. The tailor insisted that he should make clothes my own measure. by measuring to 语法填空 1.----The tree is so tall. -----Yes. It nearly 20 meters. A.measures B. is measured C. measure D. to be measured 2 Mum made a new coat little Tom's own measure. A. with B. for C. to D. by 3.Last month, an earthquake six on Richter scale happened in the northern part of Indonesia. A. measured B .to measure C. to be measured D. measuring 4.The president said that the government would take tough to solve the problem. A. ways B. measures C. method D. means 5.All the measures we have against the price rising have proved completely right. A. put B. made C. taken D. acted 选择填空 10. make use of 使用，利用 1.make full/good use of 完全/很好利用 2.make the most/best of 充分利用 1.make use of 的被动语态有两种，一是跟在use后面的宾语可做被动语态的主语，二是use可做被动语态的主语。 注意： My grandmother said full use should be made of the empty land in front of our house. 2.make use of 经常和定语从句放在一起考察。 My grandmother said the empty land should be made full use of in front of our house. 1. I think this is the best use that we can . A. make use of B. make of C. make D. make for B 2. This is a good chance that you can make use of your spoken English. A. improving B. to improve C. improved D. improve B 3. The money should be made good use the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake. A. of helping B. to help C. to helping D. of to help D 11.pick up 拾起, 捡起; 收拾, 整理; (偶然)学会; 用车接某人; 收听到，接受到（无线电信号）; 身体好转（回转）; 取回 12. run out用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态) run out of 用完；耗尽(主语为人) run across 偶然遇见 run after 追捕；跟踪；追求 run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for 竞选；匆匆去取 run over (指车辆)撞倒某人并轧过 run away 逃跑 run out of“用完”,主语通常是人,及物,可用于被动语态。 run out “用完,用光”,主语通常是物,不及物,不带宾语,不用于被动语态。 用run短语的适当形式填空 1.(2019·北京)If they certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. 2.The explorer much unexpected trouble despite the preparations he had made. 3.With a fierce dog it,the fox escaped into the jungle as fast as it could. 4.Jane’s energy was when her husband emerged, making her smile through tears. 5. (应用文写作之建议信)Learning that you are the position of chairman of the Student Council, I am writing to inform you of some do’s and don’ts. 6.(2019全国Ⅱ卷)He had tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but,frightened,it had run 　 . 7.After less than a week,I started noticing that the groceries were running 　　 pretty quickly. 8.If you go on riding your bike like this,you'll sooner or later get run 　　. run out of ran across/into running after running out running for off out over →When we run out of the natural resources,we humans will no longer be able to live on the earth. →When the natural resources are run out of,we humans will no longer be able to live on the earth. →When the natural resources run out,we humans will no longer be able to live on the earth. 写作运用 As high school students,we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. 1.(写作话题之校园生活)作为高中生,在学习的过程中我们会遇到一个又一个困难。 2.(写作话题之自然保护)自然资源耗尽了,我们人类将无法再在地球上生存。 13.the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... 1.“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为 “越……，就越……”。 2.“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 3. “the more...，the less...”意为“越……，越不……”。 “the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来意义。 1. The more roads and parking lots we pave,the (little) water can flow into the ground to become groundwater. less 2.(读后续写心理描写)她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。 , ,her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly. The more she thought about it the more frightened she felt 3.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ应用文写作)我读的报纸越多，我的英语就越好。所以我真诚地希望你们的报纸越来越好，越来越多的人从中受益。 I read the newspaper, my English is. So I sincerely hope that your newspaper and _____________________ will benefit from it. 语法填空 补全句子 The more the better will be better and better more and more people 14.preparation n. 准备,预备;(常用复数)准备工作,准备措施 prepare v. 准备 prepared adj. 准备好的 unprepared adj. 没有准备好的 1. make preparations for/to do 为...做好准备 in preparation for 在为...做准备中 2. prepare for 为...做好准备 prepare to do 准备做某事 be (well) prapared for/to do sth.对(做)某事有(充分)的准备 prapare one's lessons 准备功课 1.(2021全国乙卷)Be prepared 　 　 (have) awkward conversations with strangers. 2.Training for a marathon requires careful (prepare) and steady,gradual increases in the length of the runs. 3.Plans for building new high-speed railways are now 　　 preparation. 语法填空 to have preparation in 4.(应用文之咨询信)我们目前正在为英语短剧表演做准备,我们认为你的指导会给我们宝贵的启发。 补全句子 We are currently 　 　 the English short play and I think your guidance will give us valuable inspiration. in preparation for I'm really sorry that I can't accompany you to the concert because I am making preparations for the coming exam. 5.(应用文之道歉信)很抱歉我不能陪你去听音乐会了,因为我正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 15. base n. 基地,大本营;基础　 vt. 以…为基地，基于,把…建立在,把…放在或设在（基地）, 把…置于底座（或基座）上 basic adj. 基本的,基础的;初级的 basis n. 基础 1. base A on/upon B 把A建立在B的基础上 be based on 以...为基础 2. at the base of 在...的底部 set up a base 建立基地 advanced base 前沿基地 power base 能源基地 air base 空军基地 sea base 海军基地 3. on the basis of 根据;基于… basis for 为…打基础 on a regular basis 定期地;经常地 1.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based 　　 our present mental register. 2.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants 　　 (base) on how they typed,with very low error rates. 3.Their relationship is based on respect and trust,so it will last long.(用分词作状语改写) 语法填空 on based 完成句子 　 ,their relationship will last long. Based on respect and trust 4.(应用文之演讲稿)我们应该永远记住,我们的未来是基于我们的知识和技能,而不是漂亮的外表。 We should always keep in mind that our future is based on our knowledge and skills rather than good looks. 16. observe vt. 观察，观测 遵守，奉行 注意到，看到，注视，观察到 庆祝，纪念，庆贺 监视 说，陈述意见，评述，简述，评论 通过观察认识到、知道 研究 observer n. 观察者 observation n. 观察,观察力;观测 1. observe sb. do/doing sth. 看到某人在做/正在做某事 observe sth. done 看到某事被完成 observe that 观察到 2. observe a rule/principle/custom 遵守规则/原则/风俗 observe the law/discipline 遵守法律/纪律 observe sb's instructions 听从某人的指示 3. observe one's birthday 庆祝生日 observe a festival 庆祝节日 observe as a holiday 作为假日来庆祝 observe from the point of view 从这一观点来观察 4. observe on/upon 对…发表意见,谈论 observe nothing on the subject 对这个问题没有发表什么看法 5. observe narrowly observe quietly observe regretfully observe strictly observe studiously 6. under observation 在观察中/监视中 observe sb doing强调“看到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行。 observe sb do表示“观察某人做了某事”,强调看到动作的全过程。 studious['stuːdiəs] adj. 好学的； 努力的； 用心的； 仔细的 狭隘地评论 静静地观察 遗憾地说 严格遵守 用心地观察 1.(2020天津卷)After years of observing（ ） human nature,I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance—curiosity and discontent. 2.When we attend the parade to observe （ ）the National Day,we must observe （ ）the traffic regulations.If we observe （ ）someone run a red light,we should stop him. 辨析observe的含义 观察 庆祝 遵守 观察到 完成句子 3.(写作话题之旅游)On the top of Mountain Tai,people excitedly observed that the sun was rising from the sea.(同义句改写) On the top of Mountain Tai,people excitedly from the sea. observed the sun rising 4.在公园里散步,我们可以看到许多美丽的小鸟在树上快乐地玩耍。 Walking in the park,we can observe many beautiful birds playing happily in the trees. 17. break down (机器)出故障,损坏,不能运转; 失败; (化学)分解; 精神崩溃; 感情失去控制 break up 结束；(使)破碎；(使)散开 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱、跑等) break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态) break away from 脱离；挣脱 break through 突破，战胜 break the law 违法 break one's promise 违背诺言 1.(2020天津卷)Jones' idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break 　　 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. 2.A terrible storm breaking 　 　,no houses or other buildings were damaged. 3.Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break 　　 without warning. 语法填空 down out up 完成句子 4. Unfortunately , car didn't work on the way to see my grandparents.(同义句改写) Unfortunately,our car broke down on the way to see my grandparents. 5.科学家们说,他们在治疗癌症方面开始有所突破。 Scientists say they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer. 18. have difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.  做某事有困难(麻烦)；做某事费劲 have difficulty/trouble with sth.  在某事方面有困难(麻烦) do sth. with/without difficulty/trouble 做某事有/没有困难(麻烦) [教材原句](P37)The next to go was Captain Oates,who was having great difficulty walking. 下一个离去的是奥次·埃文船长,他连走路都困难。 1.have great difficulty walking“走路都很困难”,have difficulty (in) doing sth句型表示“做某事有困难”。 2.该句型也可用have problems/trouble (in) doing sth,当后面跟名词时则需要用句型have difficulty/problems/trouble with sth。 1.The girl who was suspected of stealing money had difficulty (in) (prove) her honesty. 2.The students have great difficulty this type of sentences. 3.It seems that he always solves problems ,but actually he makes full preparations for his tasks. 4.(2020天津卷)If you have difficulties 　　 (read),ask about special reading opportunities. 5.(2019北京卷)If they have problems 　　 registration,Wilson is there to assist them. 6.Whatever difficulty you have 　　 (write) the report,don't hesitate to ask your manager for advice. proving with without difficulty 语法填空 reading with writing 完成句子 1.(应用文之建议信)不论你是在语法方面有困难，还是记新单词费劲，你都可以通过大声朗读句子来解决问题。 ______________________________________________________________________,you can solve your problem by reading sentences aloud. Whether you have difficulty with grammar or have trouble memorizing new words I have little difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners,which makes me fit for a volunteer. 2.(应用文之申请信)我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难,这使得我很适合做志愿者。 I'm sorry to learn about the difficulty you have in communicating with your deskmate. 3.(应用文之安慰信)知道你和你的同桌交流有困难我很难过。 单元词汇 熟词生义 一词多义 辨析 1.Because of the event,the office was flooded with complaints.　 2.The river had burst its banks and flooded the valley. 3.The pain was so bad that I would be in floods of tears.　 4.Over 25 people drowned when a coach tried to cross a river and flood swept through. 1.flood A. n.洪水,水灾;大量　B. vt.灌满水;淹没;泛滥;扩展到;大量涌入;涌现 B B A A 1.Although the couple had planned to have their baby at home,they never expected to deliver her themselves!　 2.The president will deliver a speech about schools.　 3.The millionaire delivered over his property to his only daughter.　 4.We were told the pizza would be delivered in 20 minutes.　 2.deliver A.v.递送　B.v.发表　C.v.接生　D.v.交给,交出 C B D A 项目 意义 例句 熟义 Patience and Sarah was first published in 1969 under the title A Place for Us. 生义 Princess Alexandra was to inherit the title of Duchess of Fife. How many times did Michael Jordan's team win the NBA title? Their story is the subject of a new book titled The Golden Thirteen. 3.title(P102) n.题目;标题 n.称号;头衔 n.冠军 v.加标题于; 授予……称号 继承（遗产） 公爵夫人 4.measure(P102) 项目 意义 例句 熟义 Can you measure accurately the length of the rope with this ruler? 生义 She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family. Measures are being taken to reduce crime in the city. v.估量,衡量;测量 v.仔细考虑 n.措施;步骤;办法 3.observe(P41) 项目 意义 例句 熟义 Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 生义 Rules of online voting should be worked out and strictly observed. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? v.观察,注意 v.遵守,奉行(法律、习俗等) v.庆祝(节日);举行(仪式) 单元 重点句型 巩固提升 1.It takes (sb) some time to do sth句型 [教材原句](P30)That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. 那一天我的身体和灵魂只用了六个小时就支离破碎了。 1.It takes (sb) some time to do sth表示“花(某人)多久去做某事”,其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式为真正主语。 2.该句型可以和spend句型进行改写,spend常用句式为:sb spends some time on sth/(in) doing sth。另外,spend也可用以表示花钱。 1.It will take the farmers a week 　　 (irrigate) these fields. 2.　　 took us two hours to persuade him to change his mind. It took us three hours to help the farmers to pick the watermelon on the farm. It took us quite a few days to prepare for the coming party.  We spent quite a few days in preparing for the coming party.  to irrigate It 语法填空 完成句子 3.(写作话题之社会实践)在农场帮那些农民摘西瓜花去了我们三个小时的时间。 4. 为即将到来的聚会做准备花了我们好几天的时间。 1.pay花费 人作主语，花费的是钱，后面接for sth pay for, pay some money for, pay sb some money for Who will pay for the bill? I paid 5 yuan for my Eglish book. 2.spend花费 主语是人，花费的是时间或金钱，后接on sth或（in）doing sth spend some time/some money on sth/(in)doing sth He spent two hours (in) doing his homework last night. She spent ＄10 on her new shoes. 3.cost 花费 物作主语，句型cost sb some money The ticket for the film cost me 20 dollars. 4.take 花费 It作主语，花费时间、金钱或精力。句型It takes sb some time/some money to do sth.It是形式主语，to do sth是真正的主语。 It took us three hours to talk about studying English last night. It took me thirty yuan to buy the shirt. pay spend cost take 四个词当 花费讲时的区别 2.as if表示“好像”句型 [教材原句](P31)I felt sick,as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. 我觉得恶心,好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 1.as if表示“好像”,等同于as though,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。 2.当主句为一般将来时态时,as if/though引导的让步状语从句应用一般现 在时态。 3.as if/though引导的从句中,主语和主句主语相同,且含有be动词时,可省略 从句主语和be动词。 4.在as if/though引导的从句中,如果从句内容和事实相符用真实语气,和事 实不符则应用虚拟语气。 1.The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she 　 　 (be) their own mother. 2.The teacher talked with us as if he 　 　 (know) about that. were had known 语法填空 3.The stranger walked back and forth in the hall as if he was looking for something.(用省略句改写) 完成句子 The stranger walked back and forth in the hall as if looking for something. 4.Tony stood under the tree with his head bent as if he was criticized by his mother.(用省略句改写) Tony stood under the tree with his head bent as if criticized by his mother. 5.(写作话题之体育运动)等待比赛的结果时,他感觉他的心脏好像停止了跳动。 Waiting for the result of the competition,he felt as if his heart had stopped beating. [教材原句](P103)But what if I'm trapped? 要是我困于其中怎么办? 3.What if...?句型 1.What if...?常用以提出假设,表示“如果……怎么办?”“要是……会怎么样?”。 2.What if...?后的句子可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,针对现在和将来情况常用过去时态,针对过去情况常用过去完成时态。 写作运用 1.假若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨可怎么办? What if it rains when we can't get under shelter? 2.万一我生病不能去爬山了怎么办? What if I fall sick and be unable to climb the hill? 3.假如警察没有经过那家超市会怎么样? What if the policeman hadn't passed by the supermarket? 完成句子 5.What will we do if our head teacher doesn't agree with us?(同义句改写) What if our head teacher doesn't agree with us?　 4.要是这些动物的栖息地被毁坏了怎么办? What if the habitats of these animals were destroyed? 单元 主题语境 高考写作链接 词义 adj. n. v. 害怕 感到害怕的 scared frightened terrified 令人害怕的 scary frightening terrifying 害怕 scare fright fear 使害怕 scare frighten fear terrify 场景描写——灾难及救援 主题语境词汇 词义 n. v. 救援 营救 rescue 帮助 aid, help,assist 物资 supply 帐篷 tent 庇护所 shelter 幸存者 survivor 水电和食物 water,electricity and food 缓解、放松 relief 苦难、折磨 suffering 营救 rescue 帮助 aid, help, assist 幸存 survive 缓解 relieve 遭受 suffer 恢复 恢复 revival, recovery 恢复 revive, recover 主题语境词汇 场景描写——灾难及救援 多词语块 害怕和紧张 fear and nervousness 习俗语块 心惊肉跳 heart misses a beat 短语架构语块 1. 害怕某事/做某事 be afraid of sth/be afraid to do sth 2. 重新站起来 get back on one's feet 句子组构语块 开始重新呼吸 start/begin breathing again 主题语境语块 场景描写——灾难及救援 1.丹尼斯正在家熟睡的时候,突然一个很大的声音把他吵醒了。(be doing...when...) 2.他从卧室的窗户向外看去,注意到一辆翻倒的车下窜出火焰。 (v.-ing 作状语;notice sth doing;shoot) 3.他起床,打了一个紧急电话,抓起灭火器,跑向那辆不能动的汽车。 (动词的联动;v.-ing作状语) 主题语境续写练 Dennis was sleeping soundly at home when a loud sound woke him up. Looking out of his bedroom windows, he noticed flames shooting out from under an upside-down vehicle. He got up,made an emergency call and grabbed the fire extinguisher, running to the broken car. 4.接近那辆车,眼前的情况让他非常震惊,一名年轻男子被卡在车内,显然非常疼痛。 (v.-ing作状语; where引导定语从句;介词短语作状语) 　 5.丹尼斯毫不犹豫地开始行动。灭火器连续喷了两下,火被扑灭了。 (介词短语;并列句) 6.他告诉年轻人不要动,以防止他伤着他的脖子。(in case引导从句) 7.不久,医生们来了,丹尼斯感到非常欣慰。(副词作状语;relieve) Approaching the vehicle, he was shocked at the situation where a young man was stuck/trapped in the car, in visible pain. Without hesitation, Dennis started to act. Two good bursts were shot from the extinguisher and the fire was put out. He told the young man to stay still in case he injured his neck. Shortly after,the doctors arrived and Dennis felt greatly relieved. Dennis was sleeping soundly at home when a loud sound woke him up.Looking out of his bedroom windows,he noticed flames shooting out from under an upside down vehicle.Immediately,he got up,made an emergency call and grabbed the fire extinguisher,running to the broken car.Approaching the vehicle,he was shocked at the situation where a young man was stuck/trapped in the car,in visible pain.Without hesitation,Dennis started to act.Two good bursts were shot from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.Then,he told the young man to stay still in case he injured his neck.Shortly after,the doctors arrived and Dennis felt greatly relieved.  话题微写作 黑体部分用本单元词汇表达 1.海洋污染正成为一个日益严重的问题,我们应该立即采取措施来解决它。(take immediate measures) 2.每个人都应该努力在这场战斗中发挥自己的作用。(attempt to play one's role in the battle) 3.当然,我们很难靠自己的力量保护所有的海洋动物。(have difficulty <in> doing) 4.因此,在一定程度上,我们需要共同努力,首先应该做的是禁止人们向海洋扔垃圾。(to a certain extent) 5.此外,制造环保船舶也同样重要。(be equally important) 6.在保护海洋的过程中,世界各国都应该承担起责任。(in the process of sea protection) So serious is sea pollution becoming that we should take immediate measures to solve it.Everyone should attempt to play his role in the battle. Of course,we have difficulty (in) protecting all the marine animals on our own.Therefore,to a certain extent, we need joint efforts and what should be done first is banning people from throwing rubbish into the sea.Besides, it's equally important to make ships environmentally friendly. In the process of sea protection,all the countries throughout the world should take the responsibility.  单元 知识点评测 与 高考链接 1.After millions of experiments,the experts' theory (prove) true now and is put into practice. 2.This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most (cheer) holiday scenes. 3.Historians said that they regretted the (disappear) of a historical document. 4.It was generally accepted that 　 　(volcano) rocks with such high levels of the metal could not exist. 5.Around the year 600,the 　　 (erupt) of a nearby volcano buried all those buildings. 基础必练 proves cheerful disappearance volcanic eruption 高考链接 6.(2020天津卷)...but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products 　 　 (base) on the phenomenon we call sound. 7.(2021全国乙卷)One afternoon,while (attempt) to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack. 8.(2020天津卷)It's been years since they were (dust) little rooms with books. 9.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The quality of life in France is 　　 (equal) excellent. 10.(2021全国甲卷)I fell onto the stones, (damage) a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up: Safe,man.Safe. based attempting dusty equally damaging 单元要点语境中应用 It was a hot summer.Some junior school boys were playing near a river where they felt very curious 1.　 　 the stones on the bottom of the river.One recommended they 2.　　 (pick) some of the stones and they could swim to fight against the heat at the same time.The others agreed.Soon after they swam in the river,a disastrous 3.　　 happened.One boy was drowned in the deep part.The other boys felt very 4.　　 (fright). Then they began to swim to him, 5.　 　 (attempt) to save him, 6.　 　 failed and they were also drowned.At that moment,a young man was passing by. Observing the boys 7.　　 (struggle) in the water, without thinking,the man jumped into the river.He saved the boys one by one. 8.　　 he felt very exhausted,he felt very satisfied because there were no 9. (die).When the villagers arrived,they praised the young man for his 10.　　 (brave),who walked away without saying who he was. about pick thing frightened attempting but struggling While/Although/ deaths bravery Though disastrous[dɪ'zæstrəs] adj. 灾难性的；极糟的 1.依据文体特点推意图 (1)记叙文:一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性语言,且往往有一定的哲理性,所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开的。 (2)应用文:文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍,使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。 (3)说明文:推断作者的写作目的在于对文章主旨的把握,阅读时需要找准主题句。 (4)议论文:提出论点——进行论证——得出结论,作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。 2.看写作手法找答案 (1)在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物时,答案中往往会含有to bring in/to introduce the topic等信息。 (2)举例或引用某人的话时答案中往往会含有to support/to show等。 技法点拨-破解“写作意图题”两招 $$