精品解析：河南省南阳市第一中学校2024-2025学年高三上学期第二次月考试英语试题

南阳一中2024年秋期高三年级第二次月考 英语试题 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Missing Pieces Project: Add Your Pieces to the Big Picture All over England are places with stories to tell: from buildings to battlefields, some on your doorstep, others just a day trip away. Their stories are still being written, and they won't be complete until you share your side. The Missing Pieces Project invites you to share your pictures and stories of the unique, significant and memorable places on the National Heritage List for England. The List is a register of all nationally protected his toric buildings and sites across England. Your view of a place is as unique as you are, so every snapshot and story you add is an important piece of the picture. And the more pieces of the picture we have, the better we can work together to protect what makes these places special. Whether you have a connection to a place already or you' re discovering it for the first time, your views add important new pieces to the picture. Images: from phone snaps to scans of old photos and architects' drawings, from wide angles to close-ups Stories: from memories of holidays, school trips and family events to information about grand openings and transformations Photos must be ones you took yourself, from public land or rights of way, or with permission from the landowner. To add an historic image, you must have the rights to it. See the Missing Pieces Project terms and conditions for more information. Sign in and make a difference. 1. What is the purpose of the Missing Pieces Project? A. To create fine art pieces. B. To preserve historic places. C. To promote a story contest. D. To teach photography skills. 2. How can you contribute to the project? A. By scanning a portrait of a great architect. B. By taking a picture of a newly- built museum. C. By writing a special story of your trip to France. D. By sharing memories of a protected English site. 3. What is required for a photo taken on a private land? A. Quality information. B. Public permission. C. The owner's support. D. A right background. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了“缺失的碎片项目”的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“And the more pieces of the picture we have, the better we can work together to protect what makes these places special.(我们拥有的照片越多，我们就能更好地共同保护这些地方的独特之处)”可推知，这个项目的目的是为了保护历史遗址。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Missing Pieces Project invites you to share your pictures and stories of the unique, significant and memorable places on the National Heritage List for England.(“缺失的碎片项目”邀请您分享您在英国国家遗产名录上的独特、重要和令人难忘的地方的照片和故事)”可知，通过分享受保护的英国遗址的记忆来为该项目做出贡献。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Photos must be ones you took yourself, from public land or rights of way, or with permission from the landowner.(照片必须是你自己拍的，获得公共土地或道路权利，或得到土地所有者的许可)”可知，在私人土地上拍摄的照片必须有土地所有者的支持。故选C。 B Yul Kwon first earned his game-changer status when the Yale University- trained lawyer competed on the CBS show Survivor in 2006. He became the first Asian- American to win that show’s $1 million prize. Kwon was born in 1975 in New York in a South Korean immigrant family. He had a strong accent as a kid, so many people assumed he was a foreigner who could not speak English properly. Kwon grew increasingly quiet to avoid being teased or beaten up. “But the more quiet you are, the more you attract bullies.” he said. Therefore, he suffered a number of social anxiety disorders in childhood. Unfortunately, he did not see many role models from his community. He watched a lot of television as a way to learn English, and in the rare times when he did see Asian-Americans on screen, they were portrayed as negative stereotypes. Despite a difficult childhood, Kwon went on to earn a bachelor’s degree from Stanford University and a doctorate from Yale Law School. He worked in law, politics and business, then made what some would consider a surprising shift to television. Kwon never imagined that television was an option for someone like him, until one day, he received an email seeking Asian-American contestants. Initially, Kwon was not interested, but then he thought back to his hunger for positive role models as a child. He says that if he had seen them, it might have helped him build courage and confidence. Kwon surprised even himself by winning the show, a victory he attributes to fair play, where Asian-Americans, African-Americans and so on will share more equal opportunities. He says the win also brought him closer to his father, who initially discouraged Kwon from joining Survivor. “Yul, I’m sorry. I’ve always viewed you as this kind of kid who’s trying to figure out what he wants to do, but didn’t really have it together. And then I saw you on the show and I was really proud of you.” 4. What can be inferred about Yul Kwon? A. He was outgoing and popular as a kid. B. He studied poorly and failed to find a job. C. He is the best Asian-American actor in the USA. D. He was treated badly by some bullies in childhood. 5. Why did Yul Kwon act in the show? A. He was talented in acting and spoke English well. B. He wanted to set a role model for kids like him. C. He lacked money and had to make a living. D. His father persuaded him to have a try. 6. Which of the following best describes Yul Kwon? A. Courageous and positive. B. Negative and thoughtful. C. Generous and demanding. D. Sensitive and hardworking. 7. What’s the main influence of Yul Kwon’s win according to the text? A. Fewer immigrants would be bullied in school. B. The father- son relationship would become tense. C. Asian- American actors would gain more chances. D. More immigrants would dive into the acting industry. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了在2006年参加哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)的《幸存者》节目上首次获得了改变游戏规则地位的亚裔美国人Yul Kwon的个人经历和参加比赛的感受和收获。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He had a strong accent as a kid, so many people assumed he was a foreigner who could not speak English properly. Kwon grew increasingly quiet to avoid being teased or beaten up. “But the more quiet you are, the more you attract bullies.” he said. Therefore, he suffered a number of social anxiety disorders in childhood.(他小时候口音很重，所以很多人认为他是一个不会说英语的外国人。Kwon变得越来越安静，以避免被取笑或殴打。“但你越安静，就越容易招来恶霸。”他说。因此，他在童年时患有一些社交焦虑障碍)”可推知，Kwon在童年时受到一些恶霸的虐待。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Initially, Kwon was not interested, but then he thought back to his hunger for positive role models as a child. He says that if he had seen them, it might have helped him build courage and confidence.(一开始，Kwon 并不感兴趣，但后来他回想起自己小时候对积极榜样的渴望。他说，如果他当时看到了这些榜样，可能会帮助他树立勇气和信心)”可知，Kwon参加节目是因为他想给像他这样的孩子树立一个榜样。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Despite a difficult childhood, Kwon went on to earn a bachelor’s degree from Stanford University and a doctorate from Yale Law School.(虽然童年很艰难，但他在斯坦福大学获得了学士学位，在耶鲁大学法学院获得了博士学位)”可知，Kwon的童年很艰难，但是他坚持完成了学业，说明他积极向上；根据文章第三段“He watched a lot of television as a way to learn English, and in the rare times when he did see Asian-Americans on screen, they were portrayed as negative stereotypes.(他把看很多电视作为学习英语的一种方式，当他偶尔在屏幕上看到亚裔美国人时，他们被描绘成负面的刻板印象)”及第五段“Initially, Kwon was not interested, but then he thought back to his hunger for positive role models as a child. He says that if he had seen them, it might have helped him build courage and confidence.(一开始，Kwon 并不感兴趣，但后来他回想起自己小时候对积极榜样的渴望。他说，如果他当时看到了这些榜样，可能会帮助他树立勇气和信心)”可知，尽管知道亚裔人会被当成负面形象，Kwon还是为了其他孩子去参加节目，说明他是有勇气的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Kwon surprised even himself by winning the show, a victory he attributes to fair play, where Asian-Americans, African-Americans and so on will share more equal opportunities.(Kwon自己都对赢得这个比赛感到惊讶，他将这一胜利归功于公平竞争，亚裔美国人、非裔美国人等将分享更多平等的机会)”可知，Kwon的获胜表明亚裔美国演员将获得更多的机会。故选C。 C In today’s digital age, children are exposed to a number of datafication (数据化) risks, including harmful profiling, micro-targeting and behavioural control. Digital monitoring-based technologies enable parents to restrict, monitor or track children’s online activities. Popular apps such as Life 360, Google Family Link and Apple Maps, are widespread. However, such approaches have limited effectiveness in keeping children out of the boundaries of the digital space or reducing screen time usage. Meanwhile, the risks associated with these approaches emerge, such as their potential to affect family trust relationships or prevent the development of children’s self-regulation skills. With modern families increasingly struggling with their children’s relationship with digital technologies and lack of effective and clear guidance for them, new approaches are urgently needed. It is for this reason that Computer Science researchers working on the Oxford Martin Programme on Ethical Web and Data Architectures developed the KOALA Hero Toolkit. It has been co-developed with families and children by Oxford researchers over several years in response to increasing concerns from families about the risks associated with extensive use of the digital technologies. The toolkit has several key features. By providing families with insights into datafication risks, i. e. how children’s data may be collected and processed, and used to affect what they see online, the toolkit enables families to make informed decisions about their online activities. Through both a digital and physical component, and the provision of interactive activities and discussion sheets, the toolkit facilitates meaningful conversations between children and parents, promoting a deeper understanding of digital privacy and ethics (道德) . By providing worksheets that guide conversations and interactions with the toolkit among family members, with both children and parents involved in the learning process, the toolkit strengthens the family bonds and promotes collective problem-solving. By assessing the toolkit with 17 families, involving 23 children aged 10-14, we found positive indications for our approach to encouraging active family engagement, instead of focusing on controls and monitoring. We hope to work with a larger sample to make it more adaptable before sharing the toolkit on popular app stores. 8. What do we know about digital monitoring-based technologies? A. They are unfriendly to parents. B. They need necessary improvement. C. They strengthen family relationship. D. They offer parents a clear guidance. 9. What is special about the toolkit? A. It safeguards children’s online privacy. B. It promotes parent-child communication. C. It places strict control on children’s data. D. It enables children to think independently. 10. What may the researchers do next? A. To better the toolkit. B. To contact app stores. C. To target the market. D. To seek professional advice. 11. What may be the best title? A. A Popular Digital Monitoring-based App B. Children’s Exposure to Datafication Risks C. Families’ Change in Attitude to Datafication D. An Innovative Approach to Digital Parenting 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款新研发的KOALA Hero Toolkit 工具包。该工具包促进儿童和家长之间有意义的对话和互动，加强了家庭纽带，同时也避免了一些数据化风险。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Digital monitoring-based technologies enable parents to restrict, monitor or track children’s online activities. Popular apps such as Life 360, Google Family Link and Apple Maps, are widespread. However, such approaches have limited effectiveness in keeping children out of the boundaries of the digital space or reducing screen time usage. Meanwhile, the risks associated with these approaches emerge, such as their potential to affect family trust relationships or prevent the development of children’s self-regulation skills. With modern families increasingly struggling with their children’s relationship with digital technologies and lack of effective and clear guidance for them, new approaches are urgently needed.(基于数字监控的技术使家长能够限制、监控或跟踪孩子的在线活动。Life 360、Google Family Link和Apple Maps等流行应用程序非常普遍。然而，这些方法在让孩子们远离数字空间的边界或减少屏幕时间使用方面效果有限。与此同时，与这些方法相关的风险也出现了，例如它们可能会影响家庭信任关系或阻碍儿童自我调节技能的发展。随着现代家庭越来越难以处理孩子与数字技术的关系，以及缺乏有效和明确的指导，迫切需要新的方法)”可知，基于数字监控的技术的效果有限，并出现了相关的风险，需要必要的改进。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Through both a digital and physical component, and the provision of interactive activities and discussion sheets, the toolkit facilitates meaningful conversations between children and parents, promoting a deeper understanding of digital privacy and ethics (道德) . By providing worksheets that guide conversations and interactions with the toolkit among family members, with both children and parents involved in the learning process, the toolkit strengthens the family bonds and promotes collective problem-solving.(通过数字和物理组件，以及提供互动活动和讨论表，该工具包促进了儿童和家长之间有意义的对话，促进了对数字隐私和道德的更深入理解。通过提供工作表，指导家庭成员之间以及儿童和家长参与学习过程时与工具包的对话和互动，工具包加强了家庭联系，促进了集体解决问题)”可知，该工具包促进了儿童和家长之间有意义的对话，加强了家庭联系，即该工具包可以促进亲子沟通。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We hope to work with a larger sample to make it more adaptable before sharing the toolkit on popular app stores.(我们希望在流行的应用商店上分享工具包之前，使用更大的样本，使其更具适应性)”可推知，研究人员接下来可能会使用更大的样本，使其更具适应性，进一步完善工具包。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In today’s digital age, children are exposed to a number of datafication (数据化) risks, including harmful profiling, micro-targeting and behavioural control.(在当今的数字时代，儿童面临着许多数据化风险，包括有害的分析、微目标和行为控制)”、第三段“It is for this reason that Computer Science researchers working on the Oxford Martin Programme on Ethical Web and Data Architectures developed the KOALA Hero Toolkit.(正是出于这个原因，牛津大学马丁伦理网络和数据架构项目的计算机科学研究人员开发了KOALA Hero Toolkit工具包)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了数字时代儿童面临的数据化风险，研究人员开发了KOALAHero Toolkit工具包，旨在帮助家庭应对数字技术所带来的风险，并促进家庭成员之间的积极互动，所以“一种创新的数字化家庭教育方式”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 D Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%) according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 12. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 13. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 14. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的澳大利亚研究，该研究探讨了通过选择更环保的食品和饮料替代品来减少家庭杂货购买所产生的温室气体排放。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options.(首席作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士说：“如果我们想要达到全球排放目标，特别是在像澳大利亚、英国和美国这样的高收入国家，饮食习惯需要发生重大变化。”然而，尽管消费者越来越意识到食品系统对环境的影响，但他们缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择)”可知，第二段引用了研究的主要作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士的话，并提到消费者缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择，为接下来的研究细节和ecoSwitch应用程序的介绍做了铺垫。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups.(超过22,000种产品被分配到了主要、次要和子类别的食品(例如“面包和烘焙”、“面包”和“白面包”)以量化通过在同一类别内或跨类别更换产品所节省的排放量)”可知，研究人员对产品进行详细的分类是为了测量更换产品所节省的排放量。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions).(基于这项研究，目前在澳大利亚已经开发出了一款名为ecoSwitch的免费应用程序。购物者可以使用他们的设备扫描产品的条形码，并检查其‘行星健康评级’，这是一个衡量其排放的指标，以半颗星(高排放)到五颗星(低排放)之间的评分表示)”可知，ecoSwitch是一款免费的应用程序，它允许购物者扫描产品的条形码并检查其“行星健康评级”，从而帮助他们做出更加环保的食物购买决定。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文及文章第一段“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in  Nature Food . Making bigger changes—like swapping a frozen meat lasagne for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%.(根据澳大利亚乔治研究所发表在《自然食品》上的一项新研究，将食物和饮料购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品可以减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放超过四分之一(26%)。进行更大的改变——比如用素食选项替换冷冻肉酱宽面条——可以将减排量提高到高达71%)”可知，文章主要讨论的是通过替换相似但更环保的食物选项来减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放的可能性，故C项“食物替换——一种环境可持续性的方式”适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.____16____ Their designs often feature the classic Chinese dou gong overhangs to provide shade and collect water into a central basin. Chinese skywells are so effective in cooling homes because they can control natural airing. Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels. ____17____ The skywell’s layout and construction materials also help in thermal(热量的)regulation. During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.____18____This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors. Most traditional skywells include water features, such as fountains or ponds. A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.____19____As water evaporates(蒸发)from these features, it absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This reduces the temperature within the courtyard and surrounding rooms. ____20____One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. The toilets, elevators, and meeting rooms surround this space. This enhances natural airing and natural energy consumption, according to the Shanghai-based CCDI Group. A. This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days. B. It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings. C. This cooling was disadvantageous in regions with hot and dry climates. D. It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower. E. These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions. F. The magic of skywells stands as witnesses to the wisdom of ancient builders. G. The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了天井见证了古代建筑者的智慧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.(在中国传统建筑中，天井是一个开放的庭院或井状空间，通常位于建筑物或建筑群的中心。)”可知，这是在介绍天井的位置。而B项It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings.(它通常是一个被建筑的房间和侧翼包围的正方形状。)符合语境，其中It代指上文a skywell，有承上作用。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels.(冷空气从较低的楼层被吸入建筑，暖空气从较高的楼层排出并上升。)”可知，本空应与空气的流动有关。而A项“This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days.”(这促进了新鲜空气的流动，尤其是在炎热的夏天。) ”符合语境，其中this指代前句空气的流向，有承上作用。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.(白天，庭院吸收太阳的热量，充当热质。)”和下文“This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors.(这种昼夜循环有助于保持室内平衡一致的温度。)”可知，本空应该讲述热量夜间的状况。因此G项“ The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night.(夜间室外温度下降，储存的热量逐渐释放。) ”符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.(最近的一项研究表明，天井冷却效果的最重要部分来自这些水体。)”可知，这里介绍了建筑物温度降低的原因。而D项“It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower.(这可能是它们周围的温度低2.6℃到4.2℃的原因。) ”符合语境。其中 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower与上文cooling effect对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. (一个恰当的例子是位于济南的国家重型车辆工程技术研究中心，这是一座18层的建筑，从五楼到顶楼，中心都有一个巨大的开放空间。)”可知，这里讲述了古代建筑物的智慧在现代的体现。而E项“These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions.(这些奇迹不断激励着建筑师寻求可持续的解决方案。) ”符合语境，对本段有总括作用，后面举的例子进一步说明了对天井的探索，these wonders指代前一段介绍的天井的益处。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30. A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32. A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，遇到了一个5岁的小女孩，女孩对作者的屏幕感兴趣，一直挨着作者，女孩的父亲也逐渐信任了作者。能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任作者感激很棒。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个大约5岁的女孩坐在我的右边，她的父亲坐在她右边靠窗的座位上。A. won赢得；B. adjusted调整；C. occupied占据；D. moved移动。根据后文“the window seat to her right”指女孩的父亲占据了右边靠窗的座位。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到那个小女孩不时带着好奇的表情看着我和我面前的屏幕。A. simple简单的；B. curious好奇的；C. similar相似的；D. clear清楚的。根据上文“I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me”可知，女孩因为好奇时不时看作者的屏幕。故选B。 23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了吸引她，我换了一部动画电影。A. engage吸引；B. frighten使害怕；C. persuade说服；D. praise赞美。根据后文“I switched to an animated motion picture.”可知，换动画电影是为了吸引女孩注意。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. call out for召唤；B. make away with偷走；C. brush up on复习；D. get down to开始做。根据上文“I was seated in the aisle seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal.(在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，我坐在一排三个座位的靠过道的座位上)”可知，作者选择葡萄牙语字幕是为了复习自己的语言技能，因为马上要去葡萄牙了。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. sing唱歌；B. read阅读；C. walk散步；D. play玩耍。根据上文“I chose Portuguese subtitles to”可知，切换字幕是为了方便小女孩阅读。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很好的举动，因为孩子开始把注意力集中在我的屏幕上。A. connected连接的；B. recognized被认可得；C. focused集中的；D. informed有知识的。根据上文“It was a good move since the child became”指女孩开始把注意力集中在屏幕上。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小家伙一直把头靠在我身上，搂着我的胳膊。A. suggested建议；B. minded介意；C. admitted承认；D. kept保持。根据后文“resting her head on me and hugging my arm”可知，小女孩一直把头靠在作者身上，搂着作者的胳膊，此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不停做某事，一直做某事”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她的父亲意识到她在做什么时，他就会把她转移到他身边。A. shift转移，转换；B. follow跟随；C. point指出；D. wave挥动。根据后文“her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing”可知，女孩的父亲看到女孩一直挨着作者，就把女孩转移到自己身边。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她那躁动不安的小身体总会找到回到我身边的路。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Nevertheless然而。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. examples例子；B. attempts尝试；C. services服务；D. attacks攻击。根据后文“of this pattern”以及上文可知，指女孩想要挨着作者，而父亲不让她这么做，所以是指在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. destination目的地；B. safety安全；C. departure离开；D. duration持续，期间。根据上文“I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the”指作者让女孩在飞行期间把自己的手臂当做身体枕头，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我害怕坐飞机，但有了一个小家伙，我就放心了。A. dream梦想；B. fear恐惧；C. cost花费；D. future未来。根据后文“but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease”中but表示转折，说明作者一开始是害怕坐飞机的，有了小女孩作者就放心了。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老实说，能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任感觉很棒。A. trusted信任；B. invited邀请；C. favored支持；D. tolerated忍受。根据上文“it felt great to be”以及女孩和作者之间的互动，女孩挨着作者，把作者的手当做枕头可知，父女很信任作者。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同的意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. recent最近的；B. average平均的；C. collective共同的；D. changeable可变的。根据后文“willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment”可知，作者与小女孩之间的帮助与安慰，这里是指把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. strangers陌生人；B. neighbors邻居；C. pilots飞行员；D. attendants服务员。根据上文“treat each other simply as friendly people”以及作者并不认识这对父女，所以此处指为陌生人创造了安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sydney Opera House, _____36_____ (add) to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2007, marked its 50th anniversary in 2023. Expert _____37_____ (evaluate) to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, in 2007, described it as “one of the significant masterpieces of human creativity not only in the 20 century but in the history of humankind,” ____38____ it has provided the backdrop for countless standout moments. There are more than 1 million roof tiles (瓦片) covering ____39____ (approximate) 1.62 hectares _____40_____ (sit) over the structure. The roof tiles are “self- cleaning” designed to be effectively cleaned by rainwater. When the Sydney Symphony Orchestra is on stage in the Concert Hall, the temperature must be 22.5 degrees ____41____ (ensure) the instruments stay in tune. Temperatures and humidity (湿度) are critical to _____42_____ (music) instruments. Sydney Opera House _____43_____ (cool) using seawater taken directly from the harbour. Working with engineer Ove Arup, Utzon carried out a cooling system ____44____ circulated seawater from the surrounding harbour through more than 20 miles of pipes, saving close to four million gallons of city potable (可饮用的) water each year; in addition to naturally air- conditioning spaces, the system also saved heat produced by cooling units to keep the inner warm during the cold months. Each year, Lunar New Year is celebrated at the Opera House ______45______ sails lighted in red, Lunar Lanterns and Mandarin tours. 【答案】36. added 37. evaluation 38. and 39. approximately 40 sitting 41. to ensure 42. musical 43. is cooled 44. that##which 45. with 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了悉尼歌剧院的历史地位、建筑设计特点、温度与湿度的控制、冷却系统以及庆祝农历新年的活动等，为读者提供了关于悉尼歌剧院的相关信息。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：悉尼歌剧院于2007年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，并在2023年迎来了其50周年纪念。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Sydney Opera House”和动词“add”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填added。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：2007年，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会的专家评价称，悉尼歌剧院“不仅是20世纪，而且是人类历史上人类创造力的重大杰作之一”，它已成为无数精彩瞬间的背景。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当主语。故填evaluation。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：2007年，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会的专家评价称，悉尼歌剧院“不仅是20世纪，而且是人类历史上人类创造力的重大杰作之一”，它已成为无数精彩瞬间的背景。空前“Expert _____2_____ (evaluate) to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, in 2007, described it as “one of the significant masterpieces of human creativity not only in the 20 century but in the history of humankind,”和空后“it has provided the backdrop for countless standout moments”之间为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：这座建筑上方覆盖着大约1.62公顷的面积，上面铺有超过100万块屋顶瓦片。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式担当状语。故填approximately。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑上方覆盖着大约1.62公顷的面积，上面铺有超过100万块屋顶瓦片。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“roof tiles”和动词“sit”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填sitting。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当悉尼交响乐团在音乐厅登台演出时，为确保乐器保持音准，室内温度必须保持在22.5度。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to ensure。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：温度和湿度对乐器至关重要。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式修饰空后的名词“instruments”。故填musical。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：悉尼歌剧院利用直接从海港抽取的海水进行冷却。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“Sydney Opera House”，单数，和动词“cool”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is cooled。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Utzon与工程师Ove Arup合作，实施了一套冷却系统，该系统将周围海港的海水通过20多英里长的管道进行循环，每年可节省近400万加仑的城市饮用水；除了自然调节空间内的空气外，该系统还将冷却装置产生的热量储存起来，以保持寒冷月份室内的温暖。分析句子成分可知，空处考查限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a cooling system”，关系词在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：每年，悉尼歌剧院都会举行庆祝农历新年的活动，届时帆形屋顶会被点亮成红色，还会挂上灯笼，并提供普通话导览服务。分析句子成分可知，空处考查介词with引导的独立主格形式。故填with。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华, 学生会举办了英语戏剧节(English Drama Festival)，得到了外教Miss Brown的大力帮助。活动圆满结束后，请给她写一封感谢信。内容包括: 1. 表达感谢； 2. 外教的帮助； 3. 同学的收获。 注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Miss Brown, I’m writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help in the school English Drama Festival, which has turned out to be an amazing success. It’s so nice of you to have offered us a class of presentation skills and basic stage techniques. Under your professional guidance, the participants gave such an impressive performance. Some students overcame the fear of acting in front of audience and gained tremendous confidence. Others developed communication skills and knew how to cooperate in a team. Most importantly, this activity has fueled our passion for English drama. Many thanks for your time and support Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文。要求考生给Miss Brown写一封感谢信，感谢她在学校会举办的英语戏剧节中提供的帮助。 【详解】这是写给外教Miss Brown的一封感谢信。文章话题比较贴近学生生活，所给要点比较简单，难度不大。因为是感谢信，所以用于应该礼貌客气。考生可以先根据要点提示列出写作大纲，首先应该表示对Miss Brown的感激，可以选用Thanks for……、I’m thankful/grateful等字眼。其次，要明确Miss Brown提供了哪些帮助；最后，要写出同学们的收获。第二和第三要点应该用过去时态。列完大纲之后，对大纲进行遣词造句，细节等方面的扩展。可以考虑使用定语从句、非谓语动词、名词性从句等。最后，可以用适当的连接词将三个要点连接起来，突出文章的紧凑性和连贯性。 【点睛】所给范文要点齐全，条理清楚。长短句交叉使用，表达自然顺畅。适当运用了一些较好的句式。例如：定语从句（which has turned out to be an amazing success）；非谓语动词（to have offered us a class of presentation skills and basic stage techniques）等。 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para.1 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. His gaze was fixed on a familiar figure laboring in the distance. It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about. (解释什么吸引了他的注意力) She was lifting heavy bricks onto her shoulder, with her hands hard and rough from the constant labor. (引用阅读文本中描述妈妈工地搬砖的动作，形成照应。手的描述与阅读文本信息也形成照应) David stood there, shocked. (神态描写) He had never imagined his mother working in such conditions. The sight of her hardworking figure made him feel a mix of shame, regret, and even admiration. (心理描写) He realized how foolish he had been, thinking only of his own embarrassment. (反思，即成长。为下文首句做铺垫) Para.2 On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love. (反思，理解妈妈) When his mother reaching home, he walked straight to Alisa and hugged her tightly. (构建动作链) “Tears in his eyes,” he said, “I was wrong to be ashamed of you. You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.” (道歉 神态+语言) Alisa, surprised at first, smiled warmly and hugged him back. “It’s okay, David,” she said. “I’m proud of you for understanding.” (使用动作链描写妈妈听到道歉后的反应，动作+神态+语言) That evening, David shared his mother’s story with his siblings, and they decided to support Alisa in whatever she did, for she was their hero and their pride. (从情感升华，David 的成长和成熟) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alisa，一位一直在家照顾三个孩子的母亲，因丈夫车祸去世而不得不外出工作。她无经验也无专业学历，找工作困难。某日，她在一建筑工地找到工作，但怕孩子们知道后尴尬而保密。后来，儿子告诉她学校有需母亲参与的活动，却因她的双手粗糙而拒绝与她一同参加，这让Alisa倍感难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，大卫走在回家的路上，一件意想不到的事情引起了他的注意。”可知，第一段可描写大卫发现妈妈的秘密。看到妈妈辛勤工作的身影，大卫感到羞愧和懊悔，也感到钦佩。 ②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，他一直在想该如何向母亲道歉。”可知，第二段可描写大卫理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱，主动给妈妈道歉，并勇敢和兄弟姐妹们分享了妈妈的故事。 2.续写线索：知道了妈妈双手粗糙的原因——感到羞愧和懊悔——理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱——主动给妈妈道歉——勇敢分享妈妈的故事 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①引起他的注意：catch his attention/draw his attention ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③决定：decide/make up one’s mind 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/startled ②懊悔：regret/remorse 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about.(运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) [高分句型3] You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.(运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南阳一中2024年秋期高三年级第二次月考 英语试题 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Missing Pieces Project: Add Your Pieces to the Big Picture All over England are places with stories to tell: from buildings to battlefields some on your doorstep, others just a day trip away. Their stories are still being written, and they won't be complete until you share your side. The Missing Pieces Project invites you to share your pictures and stories of the unique, significant and memorable places on the National Heritage List for England. The List is a register of all nationally protected his toric buildings and sites across England. Your view of a place is as unique as you are, so every snapshot and story you add is an important piece of the picture. And the more pieces of the picture we have, the better we can work together to protect what makes these places special. Whether you have a connection to a place already or you' re discovering it for the first time, your views add important new pieces to the picture. Images: from phone snaps to scans of old photos and architects' drawings, from wide angles to close-ups Stories: from memories of holidays, school trips and family events to information about grand openings and transformations Photos must be ones you took yourself, from public land or rights of way, or with permission from the landowner. To add an historic image, you must have the rights to it. See the Missing Pieces Project terms and conditions for more information. Sign in and make a difference. 1. What is the purpose of the Missing Pieces Project? A. To create fine art pieces. B. To preserve historic places. C. To promote a story contest. D. To teach photography skills. 2. How can you contribute to the project? A. By scanning a portrait of a great architect. B. By taking a picture of a newly- built museum. C. By writing a special story of your trip to France. D. By sharing memories of a protected English site. 3. What is required for a photo taken on a private land? A. Quality information. B. Public permission. C. The owner's support. D. A right background. B Yul Kwon first earned his game-changer status when the Yale University- trained lawyer competed on the CBS show Survivor in 2006. He became the first Asian- American to win that show’s $1 million prize. Kwon was born in 1975 in New York in a South Korean immigrant family. He had a strong accent as a kid, so many people assumed he was a foreigner who could not speak English properly. Kwon grew increasingly quiet to avoid being teased or beaten up. “But the more quiet you are, the more you attract bullies.” he said. Therefore, he suffered a number of social anxiety disorders in childhood. Unfortunately, he did not see many role models from his community. He watched a lot of television as a way to learn English, and in the rare times when he did see Asian-Americans on screen, they were portrayed as negative stereotypes. Despite a difficult childhood, Kwon went on to earn a bachelor’s degree from Stanford University and a doctorate from Yale Law School. He worked in law, politics and business, then made what some would consider a surprising shift to television. Kwon never imagined that television was an option for someone like him, until one day, he received an email seeking Asian-American contestants. Initially, Kwon was not interested, but then he thought back to his hunger for positive role models as a child. He says that if he had seen them, it might have helped him build courage and confidence. Kwon surprised even himself by winning the show, a victory he attributes to fair play, where Asian-Americans, African-Americans and so on will share more equal opportunities. He says the win also brought him closer to his father, who initially discouraged Kwon from joining Survivor. “Yul, I’m sorry. I’ve always viewed you as this kind of kid who’s trying to figure out what he wants to do, but didn’t really have it together. And then I saw you on the show and I was really proud of you.” 4. What can be inferred about Yul Kwon? A. He was outgoing and popular as a kid. B. He studied poorly and failed to find a job. C. He is the best Asian-American actor in the USA. D. He was treated badly by some bullies in childhood. 5. Why did Yul Kwon act in the show? A. He was talented in acting and spoke English well. B. He wanted to set a role model for kids like him. C. He lacked money and had to make a living. D. His father persuaded him to have a try. 6 Which of the following best describes Yul Kwon? A. Courageous and positive. B. Negative and thoughtful. C. Generous and demanding. D. Sensitive and hardworking. 7. What’s the main influence of Yul Kwon’s win according to the text? A. Fewer immigrants would be bullied in school. B. The father- son relationship would become tense. C. Asian- American actors would gain more chances. D. More immigrants would dive into the acting industry. C In today’s digital age, children are exposed to a number of datafication (数据化) risks, including harmful profiling, micro-targeting and behavioural control. Digital monitoring-based technologies enable parents to restrict, monitor or track children’s online activities. Popular apps such as Life 360, Google Family Link and Apple Maps, are widespread. However, such approaches have limited effectiveness in keeping children out of the boundaries of the digital space or reducing screen time usage. Meanwhile, the risks associated with these approaches emerge, such as their potential to affect family trust relationships or prevent the development of children’s self-regulation skills. With modern families increasingly struggling with their children’s relationship with digital technologies and lack of effective and clear guidance for them, new approaches are urgently needed. It is for this reason that Computer Science researchers working on the Oxford Martin Programme on Ethical Web and Data Architectures developed the KOALA Hero Toolkit. It has been co-developed with families and children by Oxford researchers over several years in response to increasing concerns from families about the risks associated with extensive use of the digital technologies. The toolkit has several key features. By providing families with insights into datafication risks, i. e. how children’s data may be collected and processed, and used to affect what they see online, the toolkit enables families to make informed decisions about their online activities. Through both a digital and physical component, and the provision of interactive activities and discussion sheets, the toolkit facilitates meaningful conversations between children and parents, promoting a deeper understanding of digital privacy and ethics (道德) . By providing worksheets that guide conversations and interactions with the toolkit among family members, with both children and parents involved in the learning process, the toolkit strengthens the family bonds and promotes collective problem-solving. By assessing the toolkit with 17 families, involving 23 children aged 10-14, we found positive indications for our approach to encouraging active family engagement, instead of focusing on controls and monitoring. We hope to work with a larger sample to make it more adaptable before sharing the toolkit on popular app stores. 8. What do we know about digital monitoring-based technologies? A. They are unfriendly to parents. B. They need necessary improvement. C. They strengthen family relationship. D. They offer parents a clear guidance. 9. What is special about the toolkit? A. It safeguards children’s online privacy. B. It promotes parent-child communication. C. It places strict control on children’s data. D. It enables children to think independently. 10. What may the researchers do next? A. To better the toolkit. B. To contact app stores. C. To target the market. D. To seek professional advice. 11. What may be the best title? A. A Popular Digital Monitoring-based App B. Children’s Exposure to Datafication Risks C. Families’ Change in Attitude to Datafication D. An Innovative Approach to Digital Parenting D Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 12. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 13. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 14. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 15 What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In Chinese traditional architecture, a skywell is an open courtyard or well-like space usually located at the heart of a building or group of buildings.____16____ Their designs often feature the classic Chinese dou gong overhangs to provide shade and collect water into a central basin. Chinese skywells are so effective in cooling homes because they can control natural airing. Cool air is drawn into the building from the lower levels, and warm air escapes and rises through the upper levels. ____17____ The skywell’s layout and construction materials also help in thermal(热量的)regulation. During the day, the courtyard absorbs heat from the sun, acting as a thermal mass.____18____This day-night cycle helps maintain a balanced and consistent temperature indoors. Most traditional skywells include water features, such as fountains or ponds. A recent study has shown that the most significant part of a skywell’s cooling effect comes from these water bodies.____19____As water evaporates(蒸发)from these features, it absorbs heat from the surrounding air. This reduces the temperature within the courtyard and surrounding rooms. ____20____One fitting example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan,an 18-story building that has a giant open space at its heart from the fifth floor to the top floor. The toilets, elevators, and meeting rooms surround this space. This enhances natural airing and natural energy consumption, according to the Shanghai-based CCDI Group. A. This promotes fresh air flow,especially during hot summer days. B. It is often a square surrounded by the building’s rooms and wings. C This cooling was disadvantageous in regions with hot and dry climates. D. It’s probably why temperatures around them are 2.6℃ to 4.2℃ lower. E. These wonders continue to inspire architects to seek sustainable solutions. F. The magic of skywells stands as witnesses to the wisdom of ancient builders. G. The stored heat is gradually released as the outdoor temperature drops at night. 第三部分 语言运用(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30. A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32. A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sydney Opera House, _____36_____ (add) to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 2007, marked its 50th anniversary in 2023. Expert _____37_____ (evaluate) to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, in 2007, described it as “one of the significant masterpieces of human creativity not only in the 20 century but in the history of humankind,” ____38____ it has provided the backdrop for countless standout moments. There are more than 1 million roof tiles (瓦片) covering ____39____ (approximate) 1.62 hectares _____40_____ (sit) over the structure. The roof tiles are “self- cleaning” designed to be effectively cleaned by rainwater. When the Sydney Symphony Orchestra is on stage in the Concert Hall, the temperature must be 22.5 degrees ____41____ (ensure) the instruments stay in tune. Temperatures and humidity (湿度) are critical to _____42_____ (music) instruments. Sydney Opera House _____43_____ (cool) using seawater taken directly from the harbour. Working with engineer Ove Arup, Utzon carried out a cooling system ____44____ circulated seawater from the surrounding harbour through more than 20 miles of pipes, saving close to four million gallons of city potable (可饮用的) water each year; in addition to naturally air- conditioning spaces, the system also saved heat produced by cooling units to keep the inner warm during the cold months. Each year, Lunar New Year is celebrated at the Opera House ______45______ sails lighted in red, Lunar Lanterns and Mandarin tours. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学生会主席李华, 学生会举办了英语戏剧节(English Drama Festival)，得到了外教Miss Brown的大力帮助。活动圆满结束后，请给她写一封感谢信。内容包括: 1. 表达感谢； 2. 外教的帮助； 3. 同学的收获。 注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$