2025年广东省深圳中考ABC篇阅读各类型与做题方法

深圳中考ABC篇阅读各类型与做题方法ABC篇阅读 一.细节理解题 【三字原则:划-定-比(划题干,定范围,比答案)带题查阅速定位,提高答题针对性】 例题:A man named Jack came home from work and found his three children outside. They were still in their pajamas(睡衣) ,playing in the mud(泥). Where did the story take place in the passage? A. In a hotel. B. At Jack’s home. C. In a museum. 二.词意猜测题【上下文】 1. You shouldn’t blame him for that, for it wasn’t his fault(过错).【通过因果关系猜词】 2.He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.【 通过反义词猜词】 3.Bamboo can be used to make chopsticks,baskets and even some furniture-beds,chairs and some desks.【通过标点符号猜词】 练习: 1. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. A. 帽子 B. 雨鞋 C. 眼镜 2. Tom is very polite, but his brother is quite rash. A. 礼貌 B. 谦虚 C 粗鲁 3. In the bathroom, the bathtub was full of water. Soap and toilet paper were on the floor. The underlined word“bathtub“ means“ _” in the passage? A. 水槽 B. 浴缸 C. 厕所 3. 主旨大意题(main idea...,the best title... mainly about...) 做题方法 1. 中心词/高频词法 2. 帽子原则(不大不小。刚好合适) 3. 基于原文,不主观臆想(尤其是答案看似正确,文中无出处,一般为错误答案) 常见错误: 1. 概括范围太窄,只是文中某各细节 2. 概括范围太宽,超出文中内容,或者夸大了 3. 主观臆想,文中没有出处 【典型例题1】【读首尾段,读每段首句,找主旨句。】 People depend on plants. We use plants for food, cloth, shelter(住处),and even the air we breathe(呼吸). Plants keep our air and water clean. Green plants give us oxygen(氧气). Oxygen is part of the air we breathe. Plants are also part of the water cycle(水循环). Most of the water that a plant takes in goes back into the air. Plants give us a lot of food on the earth. Fruits, vegetables, and grains(谷物)come from plants. Without plants, we would not have bread, rice, carrots, apples, oranges, or bananas! Many people are growing plants to eat in their own gardens at home. Having your own garden helps the earth as well. … What is the passage mainly about? A. A Different Place B. The Uses of Plants C. Food on the Earth 【典型例题2】【读首尾段,读每段首句,找主旨句。】 It was December 30th. Anna and Alex were helping Mom make banana cakes. They cut up the bananas, put the eggs and sugar in the flour (面粉), poured the milk in and mixed them up... "Would you like to join us tomorrow for New Year's dinner? asked Mom. "Well, I'm not sure," said Mrs. Brown. "Please say yes,"said Alex. "Come to our house, and it will be great fun," said Anna. Anna was right. They never had such a nice dinner. Mrs. Brown thanked them for inviting her and said she felt better. Happiness was doubled when shared. What can we learn from the passage ? A. Eat to live,but not live to eat. B. Happiness will double when we share. C. Neither food nor life should be wasted. 【典型例题3】 【高频词】 Paper cut can be seen in many parts of China during the Spring Festival. People put it on windows, doors and walls for the festival. A thousand years ago, paper cut was used for decoration (装饰). In Tang Dynasty women used paper cut as headdress. In Song Dynasty, it helped make girls more beautiful. What's more, people would feel happier when they saw paper cut on windows, doors and walls. There are different kinds of paper cut in different parts of China. Pictures usually cover nearly all things, from flowers. birds to the famous people. Now, there are factories for paper cut in China. Paper cut has changed from decoration to a kind of art. This passage is mainly about_. A. Cartoons B. TV programs C. paper cut 【典型例题4】 【创新考点.文章结构】 Gifts giving is different in different countries. In Japan, gifts are not opened. Later, the same gift may be given away to someone else. In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone else. They will pay for a park bench or a tree to help remember a person. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(1=Paragragh 1,2=Paragragh 2,...) A.1/23/45 B .123/45 C.1/2345 【典型例题5】 【最佳标题类-选帽原则(选帽原则,就是选的标题要像帽子一样,大小合适才行。另外,标题要简洁、突出、新颖。 标题是文章的点睛之笔,所以它还要具有醒目的特点,能吸引读者。)】 If you’re ever wondering what you can prepare. For a seal’s birthday, maybe you can try a cake made of ice and fish. Yulelogs is a lovely grey seal. Recently, he celebrated his 31th birthday. All his human friends wanted to make it a day to remember. On this special day, the meal get a large ice fish cake as a birthday gift... To mark the milestone, workers there surprised him with a special gift—— a large ice cake filled with delicious fish. Yulelogs was excited to see the cake, and he was there to show his joy.“Yulelogs really loved his birthday cake,” a worker said, “It’s also a challenge for him as it requires a bit of thinking on how to get the fish out of the cake! What can be the best title of the passage? A. A seal’s birthday party. B. A marine park for seals. C. A special birthday cake for a seal. (不能选以偏盖全 主题过大/过窄的) 四.推理判断题(infer; learn from; know from) 1.推断作者意图和态度 2.推断考生对短文内容的理解 3.推断考生对材料逻辑关系的理解 4.出处推理 常见提问方式有: 1.How did the writer feel _? 2.The writer believes/suggests that_. 3.What can we infer from the passage? 4.What is the text most likely from 做题方法 1. 答案定位(划-定-比) 2. 由表面(字面意思)到深(深层含义)-排除字面义 3. 源于原文,高于原文 (典例1)If you’re ever wondering what you can prepare. For a seal’s birthday, maybe you can try a cake made of ice and fish... Normally, male ( 雄性的) grey seals live to be around 25 years old in the wild, but under the good care of the organization. Yulelogs just turned 31. This birthday was a big milestone (里程碑)for him and the organization as well... What can we inter(推断)from the passage? A.The birthday cake was made of ice and fish B.Yulelogs may not have lived so long without the help of human. C.The seal's 31st birthday was a milestone for him and the organization 【分析点拨】 题干意为“从文章我们可以推断出什么”。 A项:生日蛋糕是由冰块和鱼做的; B项:没有人类的帮助,Yulelogs可能活不了这么久; C项:这只海豹的生日对他和保护区来说都是一个里程碑。 A,C选项都是原文细节呈现,不可选。透过现象看本质.与原文相同的细节不能选,因为此类题是我们做出的推理判断,忌原文呈现 五.综合演练 Anything is possible when you have a good friend’s support you through hard times. A disabled (can’t walk) boy has been able to go to classes for six years without a problem, because his classmate and best friend helps him every day. Xu Binyang carries Zhang Ze to school on his back. The kind-hearted boy also helps him to get lunch. The beautiful friendship between the two children from Meishan, Sichuan Province was reported. Xu, who is much taller and stronger than Zhang. told reporters that it was his happiness to be his friend's walking stick. He added that it wasn't difficult to lift Zhang. "I weigh more than 40 kg and Zhang Ze only weighs about 25 kg, so it' s easy for me to carry him," Xu said. "Xu Binyang is my best friend. Every day, he studies with me. I thank him for looking after me every day," Zhang added. Xu and Zhang are sixth-grade students at a primary school. Zhang lost all control of his muscles in his legs at the age of four because of an illness. He can't walk by himself. Luckily, Zhang is able to go to school like other children after Xu offers to help him. Xu thinks it is his duty to help those in need. 41. Xu Binyang is Zhang Ze's_. A. brother B. classmate C. teacher D. doctor 42. From the third paragraph we can know that A. Xu works harder than Zhang C. Xu eats more than Zhang B. Xu is happy to help Zhang D. Zhang is happy every day 43. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Xu helps Zhang to get lunch. B. Xu is heavier than Zhang. C. Xu carries Zhang to school on his back.D. Xu and Zhang come from Jiangsu Province. 44. What can we learn from the passage? A. It’s important to have a good classmate at school. B. True friends support us a lot when we face difficulty. C. Friends can help us do everything in our life. D. It is easy for a strong person to help others. 45. Which of the following words can best describe Xu? A. Outgoing B. Honest C. Helpful D. Funny 阅读理解、41-45 BCDBC 总结:做题遵循原则 1.比对原则:答案是比出来的 2.最佳原则:答案不选对的,只选最好的(好的>不知道的;不知道的>不对的)。 3.巧用排除法代入法 4.基于原文,不主观臆想 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$