Unit 1 Nature in the balance Extended reading 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

Book3 Unit1 Nature in the blance Lead-in Can man rule the nature ? Question: Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us. ———Friedrich Engels 但是我们不要过分陶醉于人类对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利，自然都会对我们进行报复。 ———弗里德里希·恩格斯 Pre-reading Have you ever watched a documentary before ? Do you know where it is ? Pre-reading The Amazon rainforest : A natural disaster Pre-reading Analyse the structure Read the documentary script and write the main idea of each paragraph th Para. 1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforest Para. 2 : Basic information about the rainforest Para. 3 : ____________________________________ Para. 4 : _________________________________ Para. 5 : __________________________________ Plant biodiversity : levels of the rainforest (plants) Animal biodiversity : food chain (birds and animals ) The rainforest’s value to the human race :threats to the rainforest Read the documentary script again carefully and fill in the blanks with the figures Amazon (1)_____ countries and one overseas region around (2) ______ km2 for forest about (3)_______ km in length more than (4) _______ plant species more than (5)_______ bird species over (6) _______ species of mammals over (7)_______ of all the Earth’s oxygen produced about (8)______ of the rainforst lost over the past 50 years 6 million 8 6400 40,000 1300 400 20% 17% Para 1 : Introduction ➱ The status of The Amazon rainforest : ___________________________________________________________. Para 2 : Basic information ➱ ➱ ➱ The Amazon rainforest lies on _________________________________. It’s named after _________________________________. The Amazon ainforest and the Amazon River give the ___________________ on the earth. the South American continent The Amazon River richest biodiversity the largest rainforest in the world Para3 : Plants ➱ There are ________ levels of plant species. 5 the tops of the tallest trees towering ancient hardwoods shorter plants with large leaves a system of roots The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variey of widelife. Para 4: Food Chain Read Pragraph 4 and complete the following chart about food chain in the rainforest. The forest’s food chain leaves and fruits insects frogs jaguars microorganisms nutrients in the earth Para 5 : Significance and danger 1.Why does the Amazon rainforest play a significant role in maintaining the balance of the Earth’s ecosystem? 2. What’s the major danger in the Amazon rainforest? What’s the situation of the Amazon rainforest over the past 50 years? the “lungs of the planet” a treasure hours of sprciea for food and medicine materials major danger :us / human beings About 17% of the rainforest has disappeared due to hu]man activities. Dicussion What can we do to protect the Amazon rainforest? 1 The authorities should enforce relevant laws on prohibiting the illegal cutting of trees. 2 The authorities should set up nature reserves and increase the number of forest rangers(护林者） to guide the rainforest. What’s the purpose of this pasaage? To introduce the basic information of the rainforest To stress the Amazon rainforest’s significance to all the life on the Earth. To call fo people to make join efforts to protect thenatural tressure---------the Amazon rainforest. Careful Reading Welcome to the jungle,a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.This is the Amazon rainforest.As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 欢迎来到丛林，一个巨大的绿色海洋，充满了动物的声音。这是亚马逊雨林。作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要的作用。 a huge sea of.... 大量的，许多..... be alive with .... 充满着，到处都是 play a significant role in 在...方面发挥着重要作用 Careful Reading The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent .With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River,from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the rive supports many 10 different ecosystems. 亚马逊雨林横跨巴西、秘鲁等8个国家和法国的一个海外地区，位于南美大陆，面积约600万平方公里，面积比中国的一半还大。亚马孙河，雨林的名字就是由此而来，它的长度接近6400公里——大约比长江长100公里。在从山区流向海洋的过程中，这条河支持着许多不同的生态系统。它们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性. cross into 穿过，横穿 be close to 接近，靠近 Careful Reading They give this area the richest bioliversity on the Earth:one in ten known species in the world can be found here. 它们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性：世界上十分之一的已知物种可以在这里找到. Of the 390,000|plant species known to us,more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.At the bottom,there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 在我们已知的39万种植物中，有4万多种可以在亚马逊找到。这棵高大而古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果；这些睡莲大到可以躺在上面。森林的不同层次孕育着种类繁多的野生动物。在底部，地下有一个根系系统。上面是深色森林地面上大量的落叶. Careful Reading Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods,and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.Each level of the forest forms its own little world,home to different kinds of living things. 然后是高耸的古老硬木，最后是最高的树的顶部高出地面许多米。森林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mamnals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example.It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots.While a significant number of jaguars survive here,they are only one element of this forest's food chain.They feed on at least 87 species,including frogs. 1300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物隐藏在丛林的植物中。这只美洲虎就是一个例子。它有黄褐色的皮毛，上面有黑色的斑点。虽然有相当数量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链的一个组成部分。它们以包括青蛙在内的至少87种动物为食。 Careful Reading When a jaguar dies,a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return tne nutrients to the earth. 美洲虎死后，一小群微生物帮助分解它的身体，并将营养物质归还给地球. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the "lungs of the planet". Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产超过20%的地球氧气，为地球呼吸生命。因此，它通常被称为“地球之肺”。此外，亚马逊雨林是一个物种宝库，可用于食物或药物。然而，这些不可替代的动植物面临着一个主要的危险：我们。在过去的50年里，大约。17%的雨林由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动而消失。 Careful Reading As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the "Jungs of the planet"? 随着人类活动的影响不断增加，面临灭绝危险的物种越来越多，我们面临一个问题：我们能承受得起破坏“地球的肺”吗？ Thanks for your listenning. Lavf58.20.100 $$