精品解析：江西省抚州市南城县第二中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

南城二中2024——2025年上学期第一次月考 高二英语 试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分 ) 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. At home. C. In a library. 2. How does the woman sound? A. Proud. B. Surprised. C.rateful. 3. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask for advice. B. To make a reservation. C. To express thanks. 4. When will the speakers visit the museum? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A lecture. B. A nurse. C.A war. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Anna think greatness means? A. It means helping others. B. It means overcoming difficulties. C. It means developing one' s abilities. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Which quality does the woman admire about Mother Teresa? A. Courage. B. Determination. C. Kindness. 9. What are the speakers going to do on Friday? A. Write a story. B. Give a talk. C. Raise money for the poor. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why does the woman mention Van Gogh and Galilei? A. To lead to the topic. B. To support her idea. C. To make a comparison. 11. What do we know about Lacks? A. She died in an accident. B. She had special tissues. C. She made many medical achievements. 12. What was discovered in the 1920s? A. Penicillin. B. X-rays. C.DNA. 13. Who brought Lacks' story into the public eye? A. A doctor. B. A scientist. C.A writer. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Conducting an interview. 15. How does Agre describe being a scientist? A. It' s boring but meaningful. B. It' s adventurous but fun. C. It' s stressful but inspiring. 16. What does Agre compare the process of making a discovery to? A. An intelligent free walk. B. A creative exploration. C. An exciting journey. 17. What does Agre think is the mission of the young people? A. To focus on difficult research. B. To adapt to changing circumstances. C. To apply the discoveries to people' s lives. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which TV show is Cranston best known for according to the speaker? A. Baywatch. B. Breaking Bad. C. Malcolm in the Middle. 19. Why does the speaker want to meet Cranston? A. She thinks he' s a nice person. B. She wants to learn acting skills. C. She is curious about his future plans. 20. What does the speaker want to do if she meets Cranston? A. Hug him. B. Talk about his TV show. C. Take a photo with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A National Gallery exhibitions (展览) Winslow Homer: Force of Nature This is the first in-depth exhibition in the UK of the art of Winslow Homer (1836-1910), one of the most celebrated and admired American painters of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It exhibits around fifty paintings and watercolours from public and private collections and presents an opportunity for visitors to discover an artist who, although a big name in America, is not as well known in Europe. Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès It is the first UK exhibition around the portrait (肖像) of Eva Gonzalès (1870) by Édouard Manet (1832-1883). The painting, collected by Hugh Lane, was considered to be the most famous modern French painting in the UK and Ireland by the early 20th century. This is the first in a new series of “Discover” exhibitions to be staged in the National Gallery’s Sunley Room. Turner on Tour Generously lent for the first time by The Frick Collection, two groundbreaking pictures by Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) return to the UK for the first time in over 100 years. They were exhibited in New York in 1914 at the Knoedler Gallery, and later collected by the American industrialist Henry Clay Frick. They have remained in the United States ever since. Take One Picture The National Gallery exhibits artworks by primary school children from across the UK in the annual “Take One Picture” exhibition. Each year the Gallery invites primary schools nationwide to focus on one of its paintings and respond creatively to its themes (主题) and subject matter, historical context, or composition. 1. What do we know about Winslow Homer? A. He is lesser known in the UK. B. He is famous for his portraits. C. He moved to America in the 1900s. D. He won his good name at an early age. 2. What do “Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès” and “Turner on Tour” have in common? A. Both centre around American artists. B. Both challenge old artistic standards. C. Both are first-of-their-kind in the UK. D. Both feature collections from Hugh Lane. 3. What is the focus of “Take One Picture”? A. Groundbreaking pictures by Turner. B. Oil paintings by Édouard Manet. C. Artworks by primary schoolers. D. Modern French paintings. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是国家美术馆（National Gallery）的四个展览的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Winslow Homer: Force of Nature部分“It exhibits around fifty paintings and watercolours from public and private collections and presents an opportunity for visitors to discover an artist who, although a big name in America, is not as well known in Europe. (它展出了大约50幅来自公共和私人收藏的油画和水彩画，并为游客提供了一个机会，让他们发现一位虽然在美国很有名，但在欧洲却不那么出名的艺术家。)”可知，Winslow Homer在英国的知名度较低。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès部分“It is the first UK exhibition around the portrait (肖像) of Eva Gonzalès (1870) by Édouard Manet (1832-1883). (这是英国首次围绕Édouard Manet（1832-1883）创作的Eva Gonzalès（1870）的肖像展览。)”和Turner on Tour部分的“Generously lent for the first time by The Frick Collection, two groundbreaking pictures by Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) return to the UK for the first time in over 100 years. (由The Frick Collection慷慨首次出借，Joseph Mallord William Turner（1775-1851）的两幅开创性画作在100多年后首次重返英国。)”可知，“Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès”和“Turner on Tour”的共同之处是这两者在英国都是首创。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Take One Picture部分“The National Gallery exhibits artworks by primary school children from across the UK in the annual “Take One Picture” exhibition. (The National Gallery在一年一度的“Take One Picture”展览中展出了来自英国各地小学生的作品。)”可知，“Take One Picture”的重点是小学生作品。故选C。 B Students at the Calhoun School in New York City have much more than a roof over their heads. They have a rooftop garden, with green grass and colorful flowers. Roofs covered in plants, or “green roofs”, are quite popular. And roofs aren’t the only things going green. Architects are finding all sorts of new ways to build buildings that are easier on the environment. These schools, homes, and offices are called “green buildings”. It takes a lot of energy to light rooms and run appliances. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (绝缘材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling. Oberlin’ s Center for Environmental Studies in Ohio was built with large south-facing windows. In the winter, the sun shines in and heats the space. The floors are made of dark rock called slate. The sun warms the slate slowly during the day. At night, the slate gives out the stored heat back into the air. In the summer, shades (遮阳帘) over the windows keep the building cool. Green roofs are not just a fun place to hang out. They also save energy,water, and materials. A green roof doesn’t get as hot as an ordinary darkcolored roof, so it keeps the building cooler. In the winter, the plants and soil act like a blanket to keep the building warm. When it rains, the soil and plants absorb rainwater, which means less water runs off into drains (下水道). Plants on the roof help clean the air and provide food for insects and birds, too. City planners like green buildings because they are healthier for the people who live inside. As more people become concerned about climate change, more buildings are going green. But you don’ t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes can make any home greener — and a better Earth home for us all. 4. How do green buildings contribute to saving energy in heating? A. Through the use of thick walls. B. By using large windows for natural light. C. By relying on specialized heating materials. D. Through the fixing of advanced appliances. 5. What is the function of the slate? A. To reflect direct sunlight. B. To absorb and give out heat. C. To make use of limited space. D. To provide shade for the windows. 6. What can we learn about the green roof? A. It employs traditional methods. B. It helps reduce rainfall runoff. C. It is painted in bright colors. D. It aims to clean water. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To provide guidance on constructing new buildings. B. To acknowledge the achievement of city planners. C. To illustrate the impact of climate change. D. To encourage people to build green. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了绿色建筑及其对环境的益处。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (绝缘材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling.(节能建筑从厚墙开始。一层绝缘层可以捕获空气以阻止热量通过。这样就能在冬天保持室内的热量，在夏天保持室外的热量。这节省了供暖和制冷的能源)”可知，绿色建筑是通过使用厚墙来在供暖方面节能的，故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The floors are made of dark rock called slate. The sun warms the slate slowly during the day. At night, the slate gives out the stored heat back into the air.(地板由一种叫做板岩的深色岩石制成。白天，太阳慢慢地温暖着石板。到了晚上，石板把储存的热量释放到空气中)”可知，石板的功能是吸收和释放热量，故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When it rains, the soil and plants absorb rainwater, which means less water runs off into drains (下水道).(下雨时，土壤和植物吸收雨水，这意味着流入下水道的水更少)”可知，绿色屋顶有助于减少雨水径流，故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But you don’ t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes can make any home greener — and a better Earth home for us all.(但你不需要建一座全新的大楼。简单的改变可以让任何一个家更环保——为我们所有人创造一个更美好的地球家园)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们建造绿色建筑。故选D。 C It’s Paris Fashion Week and the streets of the city are filled with designers, models and journalists. Among the crowds, eagle-eyed experts are taking careful notes. Their job is to detect emerging trends. Their notes will instantly be added to selected “trend forecasts”, which will be sold to designers, who will use them to inspire new pieces. Traditionally, these fashion forecasters have relied only on such methods to make predictions. But as artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have become increasingly powerful in the last decade, forecasting agencies are now turning to machine learning for help. This is all welcome news for an industry worth about $2 trillion globally. Forecasts can have a big influence on the fashion industry’s carbon footprint, which is responsible for at least 4% of all worldwide emissions. Designers will produce more of what will actually sell——at the moment, 25% of fashion products are unsalable, or not sold. Besides, using AI tools that can analyze millions of posts from around the world allows designers to look at fashion trends more globally. But designers often feel insecure about relying just on the data provided by AI. “A few years ago, there were big indicators on social media of yellow being a trend,” says Francesca Muston, vice president of a trend forecasting company. “And if you had followed completely the social media data gathered by AI models, yellow pieces would seem to be a good investment. But how many people are really going to wear a bright yellow coat? That’s a brave fashion choice.” AI tools don’t have their own aesthetic (审美的) viewpoint so they may not be able to satisfy people’s desire for newness. “That’s why we maintain a very strong creative viewpoint in our forecasting with a team of industry experts,” says Muston Dr Michal Koren, a researcher, ways, “The role of human experts in identifying trends will continue to be crucial even as AI and data-driven models become more accurate.” 8. What is the purpose of the notes taken by the experts? A. To report the news about Paris Fashion Week. B. To help them make fashion predictions. C. To compare different design methods. D. To collect information about designers. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? A The various benefits of using Al tools to predict trends. B. The high environmental costs of the fashion industry. C. The importance of looking at fashion more globally. D. The serious problem of unsalable fashion products. 10. Why does Muston mention the trend of yellow predicted a few years ago? A. To explain why people dislike some new trends. B. To show AI fashion predictions are not always reliable. C. To describe the recent changes in people’s fashion choices. D. To prove the key role of social media in fashion forecasting. 11. Which statement might both Muston and Koren agree with? A. Machine learning is more creative than human experts. B. Many human trend forecasters will be unemployed. C. It is possible for Al to have its own fashion sense. D. AI tools will not replace human trend forecasters. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲人工智能正在时尚预测领域大显身手，不过由于它自身没有审美，所以它很难取代人类时尚预测专家。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Among the crowds, eagle-eyed experts are taking careful notes. Their job is to detect emerging trends. Their notes will instantly be added to selected ‘trend forecasts’, which will be sold to designers, who will use them to inspire new pieces. Traditionally, these fashion forecasters have relied only on such methods to make predictions.(在人群中，目光敏锐的专家们正在仔细地做笔记。他们的工作是发现新出现的趋势。他们的笔记将立即添加到选定的‘趋势预测’中，这些预测将出售给设计师，他们将用这些笔记来激发新作品的灵感。传统上，这些时尚预测者只依靠这些方法进行预测。)”可知，这些专家在巴黎时装周上记笔记的目的是帮助他们预测时装趋势。故选B项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第三段“This is all welcome news for an industry worth about $2 trillion globally. Forecasts can have a big influence on the fashion industry’s carbon footprint, which is responsible for at least 4% of all worldwide emissions. Designers will produce more of what will actually sell——at the moment, 25% of fashion products are unsalable, or not sold. Besides, using AI tools that can analyze millions of posts from around the world allows designers to look at fashion trends more globally.(对于一个全球价值约2万亿美元的行业来说，这都是好消息。预测会对时尚行业的碳足迹产生重大影响，该行业至少占全球总排放量的4%。设计师将生产更多实际销售的产品——目前，25%的时尚产品滞销或滞销。此外，使用可以分析来自世界各地数百万条帖子的人工智能工具，设计师可以更全面地了解全球时尚趋势。)”中提供的数据和事实可知，本段论述了使用人工智能预测时装趋势的多种益处。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“AI tools don’t have their own aesthetic (审美的)viewpoint so they may not be able to satisfy people’s desire for newness. “That’s why we maintain a very strong creative viewpoint in our forecasting with a team of industry experts,” says Muston(人工智能工具没有自己的美学观点，因此可能无法满足人们对新鲜事物的渴望。穆斯顿说：‘这就是为什么我们与行业专家团队在预测中保持了非常强烈的创造性观点。’)”可知，Muston提到几年前预测的黄色调时尚趋势，是为了说明人工智能时尚预测有时候会不可靠。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“That’s why we maintain a very strong creative viewpoint in our forecasting with a team of industry experts,(这就是为什么我们与行业专家团队在预测中保持了非常强烈的创造性观点，)”和最后一段中“The role of human experts in identifying trends will continue to be crucial even as AI and data-driven models become more accurate.(即使人工智能和数据驱动模型变得更加准确，人类专家在识别趋势方面的作用也将继续至关重要。)”可知，Muston和Koren都认为，人工智能工具不会取代人类时尚预测专家。故选D项。 D Gut microbiomes (肠道菌群) play a vital role in human health. They can impact our sleep and risk for certain diseases. Now scientists may be able to add one more thing to that list: They might also affect the desire to exercise, suggests a recent study of mice published in Nature. The study shows pretty conclusively that in mice, the desire to exercise is influenced by the microbiome. Scientists wonder whether humans’ willingness to hit the gym works in a similar way. Mouse studies alone can’t prove that people’s tendency for moving or sitting is affected by the microbiome — as people might also be driven by external factors, such as praise from others — but studying these small animals is a step toward understanding ourselves, scientists say. In the study, scientists collected 2.1 million data points on 199 mice, ranging from their genetic (基因的) makeup and gut microbiome composition to their exercise capacity (能力).The researchers also removed some of the mice’ s microbiomes either partially or fully. After examining all this information, the team found that genetics played only a limited role in the mice’ s willingness to exercise. But their gut microbiomes had a greater effect: The mice with reduced microbiomes spent less time exercising on a wheel and grew tired more quickly. To confirm these findings researchers transplanted (移植) microbiomes from mice that were strong runners into other mice, which made them able to exercise more. “Surprisingly, the desire for exercise is not determined by the brain,” said Christoph Thaiss, a co-author of the study. Now, the researchers want to look at humans to see if the research holds up in ourselves. If so, it could help treat symptoms (症状) of various diseases that might be eased with exercise. “There are many differences between mice and human physiology,” Thaiss says. “But we’re starting a human study that will answer this question.” 12. What is the study about? A. Mice’s sleep patterns. B. Genetics’ impact on exercise habits. C. External factors affecting mice’ s health. D. Gut microbiomes’ influence on exercise desire. 13. What was the impact of microbiome transplantation? A. Decreased genetic influence on health. B. Improved exercise performance. C. Increased feelings of tiredness. D. Reduced sleep time. 14. What’s the significance of the follow-up study according to Thaiss? A. It may explore the benefits of exercise. B. It may provide insights into treating diseases with exercise. C. It may unlock the role of genetics in physical performance. D. It may clarify the difference between mice and human physiology. 15. Where can the text be found? A. In a course plan. B. In a history novel. C. In a science journal. D. In a literature review. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于肠道微生物群对运动欲望的影响的研究，解释了研究开展的过程以及发现和意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Gut microbiomes (肠道菌群) play a vital role in human health. They can impact our sleep and risk for certain diseases. Now, scientists may be able to add one more thing to that list: They might also affect the desire to exercise, suggests a recent study of mice published in Nature. (肠道微生物群在人类健康中起着至关重要的作用。它们会影响我们的睡眠，增加患某些疾病的风险。最近发表在《自然》(Nature) 杂志上的一项对老鼠的研究表明，现在，科学家们可能会在这个清单上再加上一件事：它们可能还会影响运动的欲望。)”可知，这项研究是关于肠道微生物群对运动欲望的影响。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To confirm these findings, researchers transplanted (移植) microbiomes from mice that were strong runners into other mice, which made them able to exercise more. (为了证实这些发现，研究人员将跑步健将老鼠的微生物组移植到其他老鼠身上，使它们能够进行更多的运动。)”可知，微生物移植后，老鼠的运动表现提高了。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If so, it could help treat symptoms (症状) of various diseases that might be eased with exercise. (如果是这样，可以帮助治疗通过运动可以缓解的各种疾病的症状。)”可知，塔伊斯认为后续研究可能会为用运动治疗疾病提供见解。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Gut microbiomes (肠道菌群) play a vital role in human health. (肠道微生物群在人类健康中起着至关重要的作用。)”以及最后一段“Now, the researchers want to look at humans to see if the research holds up in ourselves. (现在，研究人员想要研究人类，看看这项研究是否也适用于我们自己。)”结合文章主要介绍了一项关于肠道微生物群对运动欲望的影响的研究，解释了研究开展的过程以及发现和意义。可知，文章可能来自科学杂志。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As human beings, we have been fed the idea from a very early age that in order to be defined as a successful individual we must meet the standards set by others before us. This means we must achieve a better grade than our competitors, we must run faster than other athletes, our house must be larger than our neighbors’, and so on, despite the personal cost of obtaining these goals. ____16____ Boxing ourselves into society’s definition of success lacks creativity, passion, and genuine (真诚的) drive. If we define success according to our own measure, we would be more happier. ____17____ Our children should be guided and allowed to listen to what gets them excited. We should encourage our children to understand and develop their inner selves. This can be strengthened at any age. We shouldn’t fall into the trap of letting our achievements define us. ____18____ First, we must listen to our inner voice. What is it that we want to achieve and more importantly why? We must do this to ensure our intention is in the right place. ____19____ “Success” does not mean being the prettiest, richest, most famous, having the most likes or followers on social media, or being the most intelligent, or having a certain career. Real success looks far different. ____20____ It means continuously questioning our intention behind our work, and knowing that it is unbounded (不受限的) and immeasurable. A. What is the definition of success in the dictionary? B. This process should be instituted at a very early age. C. So what can we do to break from the world’ s success standards? D. This can be achieved through a clear understanding of our objectives. E. It is doing what we are passionate about without caring about the end result. F. Moreover, we must have the courage to challenge the world’ s success standards. G. I believe we have wasted our time if we reach these goals just to be seen as successful by society. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要对成功进行了定义以及如何取得成功提出了一些方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“As human beings, we have been fed the idea from a very early age that in order to be defined as a successful individual we must meet the standards set by others before us. This means we must achieve a better grade than our competitors, we must run faster than other athletes, our house must be larger than our neighbors’, and so on, despite the personal cost of obtaining these goals.(作为人类，我们从小就被灌输这样的观念：为了被定义为一个成功的人，我们必须达到别人为我们设定的标准。这意味着我们必须取得比竞争对手更好的成绩，我们必须跑得比其他运动员快，我们的房子必须比邻居的大，等等，尽管实现这些目标需要付出个人代价)”可知，上文描述了人们为了达到社会定义的成功标准而需要付出的代价，本句为本段最后一句，与上文构成转折，指出作者自己对达到目标的看法。故G选项“我认为，如果我们达到这些目标只是为了被社会视为成功，那我们就是在浪费时间”符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“If we define success according to our own measure, we would be more happier.(如果我们按照自己的标准来定义成功，我们会更快乐)”可知，上文提到应鼓励孩子发展内心自我，本句进一步解释了发展开始的时间段，故B选项“这个过程应该在很小的时候就开始”符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据后文“First, we must listen to our inner voice. What is it that we want to achieve and more importantly why? We must do this to ensure our intention is in the right place.(首先，我们必须倾听自己内心的声音。我们想要实现什么，更重要的是为什么？我们必须这样做，以确保我们的意图是正确的)”可知，后文提出了摆脱世界成功标准的方法，本句主要通过设问句来引出后文的方法。故C选项“那么我们能做些什么来打破世界的成功标准呢”符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“We must do this to ensure our intention is in the right place.(我们必须这样做，以确保我们的意图是正确的)”可知，上文强调了确保意图正确的重要性，推测本句主要说明确保意图正确的方法。故D选项“这可以通过清楚地了解我们的目标来实现”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Real success looks far different.(真正的成功看起来大不相同)”可知，上文强调了真正的成功与世俗的成功标准不同，推测本句承接上文，说明成功不相同的具体体现，对真正的成功进行解释。故E选项“爱是做我们热爱的事，而不关心结果”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rani’s mind lit up like a light bulb (灵光一现) as she turned on her shower the night her school class was tasked with finding ways to save water. As the 14-year-old stood there, ____21____ the water to reach the perfect temperature, a bright idea ____22____ her. Looking at the water ____23____ the drain, Rani was shocked by the wastage that____24____ during this waiting period. Determined to make a ____25____, she set out to create a device that could ____26____ water. And so, the Aqua Loop was born—an innovation that would ____27____ the attention of leading inventors across the country. Made from circuit boards (电路板), pipes, a button, and solenoid valves (电磁阀), the Aqua Loop was designed to ____28____the temperature of shower water, wait until the water reaches a comfortable temperature, and then ____29____ release (释放) it from the showerhead, preventing unnecessary _____30_____. And then the water would go back to the hot water system or its source. Rani, a Year Seven student, sourced her _____31_____ in water conservation (保护) from her upbringing in a rural village on the New South Wales mid-north coast. However, it was the _____32_____set by her school, The Nature School in Port Macquarie, that led to her surprising _____33_____— she had been wasting over 5 liters of water per shower. With a household of just four people, this meant an average wastage of 2,628 liters per year due to waiting _____34_____ . Rani’s invention had the potential to make a huge impact on water conservation, especially considering that there was no _____35_____ showerhead device available to do the job in Australia at the time. 21. A. checking out B. jumping into C. waiting for D. switching off 22. A. struck B. pressured C. scared D. shook 23. A. remaining in B. passing through C. flowing down D. coming from 24. A. ceased B. occurred C. disappeared D. changed 25. A. promise B. difference C. plan D. rule 26. A. heat B. bring C. clean D. save 27. A. command B. escape C. require D. catch 28. A. lower B. monitor C. keep D. present 29. A. cleverly B. naturally C. secretly D. partly 30. A. suffering B. harm C. cost D. waste 31. A. interest B. trust C. doubt D. failure 32. A. mode B. record C. example D. challenge 33. A. achievement B. realization C. responsibility D. diasppointment 34. A. otherwise B. again C. alone D. anyway 35. A. mobile B. beautiful C. specific D. luxurious 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了14岁的女孩Rani因为寻找节约用水的方法，发明了一种可以节约用水的设备Aqua Loop。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这个14岁的女孩站在那里等待水温达到最佳温度时，一个好主意突然出现在她的脑海里。A. checking out查看；B. jumping into突然决定；C. waiting for等待；D. switching off关闭。根据上文“Rani’s mind lit up like a light bulb as she turned on her shower the night her school class was tasked with finding ways to save water. (那天晚上，她的班级被要求寻找节约用水的方法，当她打开淋浴器时，拉尼的头脑像灯泡一样亮了起来。)”和常识可知，人们在洗澡时通常会等待水加热到合适的温度，后文“during this waiting period”也是提示。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这个14岁的女孩站在那里等待水温达到最佳温度时，一个好主意突然出现在她的脑海里。A. struck想起，打击；B. pressured迫使；C. scared使害怕；D. shook摇晃。根据上文“a bright idea”指想到好主意，应用动词struck。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：看着水顺着排水管流下来，拉尼被这段等待时间里发生的浪费震惊了。A. remaining in留在某处；B. passing through经过；C. flowing down流入；D. coming from来自。根据上文“Looking at the water”指水流进下水道，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着水顺着排水管流下来，拉尼被这段等待时间里发生的浪费震惊了。A. ceased停止；B. occurred发现；C. disappeared消失；D. changed改变。根据后文“during this waiting period”指等待时间发生的事情。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决心有所作为，于是着手制造一种可以节约用水的设备。A. promise承诺；B. difference差异；C. plan计划；D. rule规则。根据后文“she set out to create a device”可知，她想要节约水，即产生影响，应用make a difference。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决心有所作为，于是着手制造一种可以节约用水的设备。A. heat加热；B. bring带来；C. clean清理；D. save挽救，节约。根据上文“Rani was shocked by the wastage”可知，这种设备主要是为了节约用水发明的。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就这样，水环诞生了——这项创新吸引了全国顶尖发明家的注意。A. command要求；B. escape逃走；C. require要求；D. catch抓住。根据后文“the attention”指创新吸引了发明家的注意。故选D。 28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Aqua Loop由电路板、管道、按钮和电磁阀组成，设计用于监测淋浴水的温度，等到水达到舒适的温度，然后巧妙地将其从淋浴喷头中释放出来，防止不必要的浪费。A. lower降低；B. monitor监督；C. keep保持；D. present赠送。根据后文“the temperature of shower water”可知，Aqua Loop的作用是监控淋浴水的温度，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Aqua Loop由电路板、管道、按钮和电磁阀组成，设计用于监测淋浴水的温度，等到水达到舒适的温度，然后巧妙地将其从淋浴喷头中释放出来，防止不必要的浪费。A. cleverly巧妙地，聪明地；B. naturally自然地；C. secretly秘密地；D. partly部分地。根据后文“release it from the showerhead, preventing unnecessary”可知，Aqua Loop用于监测淋浴水的温度，等到水达到舒适的温度，然后巧妙地将其从淋浴喷头中释放出来，防止浪费。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Aqua Loop由电路板、管道、按钮和电磁阀组成，设计用于监测淋浴水的温度，等到水达到舒适的温度，然后巧妙地将其从淋浴喷头中释放出来，防止不必要的浪费。A. suffering痛苦；B. harm危害；C. cost花费；D. waste浪费。根据上文“Rani was shocked by the wastage”可知，这种设备是为了防止不必要的水浪费。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉尼是一名七年级学生，她对水资源保护的兴趣源于她在新南威尔士州中北部海岸的一个农村长大。A. interest兴趣；B. trust信任；C. doubt怀疑；D. failure失败。根据后文“in water conservation”以及上文她发明了节水装置，所以是对水资源保护感兴趣。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，是她的学校——麦格理港的自然学校——设定的挑战让她惊讶地意识到——她每次洗澡都浪费了超过5升水。A. mode做法；B. record记录；C. example例子；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“set by her school, The Nature School in Port Macquarie”以及第一段“her school class was tasked with finding ways to save water (她的班级被要求寻找节约用水的方法)”可知，此处指学校设定的挑战让她意识到了水浪费问题。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，是她的学校——麦格理港的自然学校——设定的挑战让她惊讶地意识到——她每次洗澡都浪费了超过5升水。A. achievement成就；B. realization认识；C. responsibility责任；D. disappointment失望。后文“she had been wasting over 5 liters of water per shower.”是她意识到了水浪费问题。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于一个只有四口之家来说，这意味着由于单独等待，每年平均浪费2628升。A. otherwise否则；B. again再次；C. alone单独，仅仅；D. anyway不管怎样。根据上文“With a household of just four people, this meant an average wastage of 2,628 liters per year due to waiting”可知，一个只有四口之家由于单独等待水温加热，每年平均浪费2628升。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rani的发明有可能对节约用水产生巨大的影响，特别是考虑到当时在澳大利亚没有专门的淋浴装置可以完成这项工作。A. mobile活动的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. specific特定的；D. luxurious奢侈的。根据后文“showerhead device available to do the job in Australia at the time”指当时在澳大利亚没有专门的淋浴装置可以完成这项工作。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution in Delhi has become a big problem. According to the Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi often sees high pollution days, ____36____ can cause respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses, especially in children and the elderly. Schools sometimes have to close on these days. Rohan Variankaval, a young Indian-American teenager, is trying to make a difference. During one of his trips to Delhi in 2019, Variankaval____37____ (experience) a heavy cloud of pollution. Watching schoolchildren facing health risks, and ____38____ (see) a lack of smart air quality monitors, he knew he had to take action. “Schools needed guidance, not numbers.” ____39____ (drive) by this realisation, Variankaval developed a solution: myAQI. Unlike ____40____ (tradition) monitors that simply provide AQI readings, myAQI goes a step further. It provides schools with clear recommendations based ____41____ real-time data. Instead of just knowing the pollution levels, ____42____ (user) can now receive actionable advice such as “Bring the students inside” or “Open the windows”. But what truly ____43____ (set) myAQI apart is its adaptability. His device offers customised recommendations for sensitive groups, ensuring an inclusive protection strategy for every student within the school’s walls. Now, Variankaval has ____44____ (successful) distributed (分发) his device across ten schools in India, which include ____45____ total of over 16,000 students. In the future, he hopes to build on his work to make further improvements. 【答案】36. which 37. experienced 38. seeing 39. Driven 40. traditional 41. on 42. users 43. sets 44. successfully 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一位年轻的印度裔美国青少年Rohan Variankaval针对德里严重的空气污染问题，开发了一款名为myAQI的智能空气质量监测设备。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据Central Pollution Control Board称，Delhi经常出现高污染日，这可能导致呼吸系统疾病，尤其是儿童和老人。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代前面整个主句的内容，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在2019年前往Delhi的一次旅行中，Variankaval经历了严重的污染。空处作谓语，由in 2019可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用动词过去式，故填experienced。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看到学生面临健康风险，看到缺乏智能空气质量监测器，他知道他必须采取行动。句中谓语是knew，空格处用非谓语动词，he和see之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填seeing。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这种认识的推动下，Variankaval开发了一个解决方案：myAQI。句中谓语是developed，空格处用非谓语动词，Variankaval与drive构成逻辑上的被动关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Driven。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与传统的仅提供空气质量读数的监测仪不同，我的空气质量监测仪更进一步。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词monitors，tradition的形容词是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：它为学校提供基于实时数据的明确建议。be based on是固定短语，意为“基于”，因此空格处用介词on，故填on。 【42题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：用户现在不仅可以知道污染程度，还可以收到诸如“让学生进屋”或“打开窗户”等可行的建议。user在句中作主语，是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填users。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但真正让myAQI与众不同的是它的适应性。空格处是主语从句的谓语，由is可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是what，空格处用第三人称单数，故填sets。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：现在，Variankaval已经成功地将他的设备分发到印度的十所学校，其中包括16,000多名学生。空格处用副词successfully修饰动词distributed，successfully意为“成功地”，故填successfully。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：现在，Variankaval已经成功地将他的设备分发到印度的十所学校，其中包括16,000多名学生。a total of是固定短语，意为“总共”，因此空格处是a，故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近些年，越来越多人在阅读时使用电子阅读器（electronic readers)。请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法。 注意：词数应为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In recent years, the use of electronic readers has surged in popularity among readers. Personally, I believe this trend brings both advantages and disadvantages. Electronic readers offer convenience and portability, which allow readers to carry thousands of books in a single device, making it easy to access a wide range of literature anytime, anywhere. However, some people argue that the traditional feel of paper books cannot be replaced. Furthermore, prolonged use of electronic readers may strain eyes and contribute to digital fatigue. In conclusion, while electronic readers offer practical benefits, the charm of traditional paper books remains irreplaceable for many readers. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生用英语写一篇短文，谈谈对越来越多人在阅读时使用电子阅读器这件事情的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激增：surge→explode 就我个人而言：personally→as far as I am concerned 提供：offer→provide 然而：however→nevertheless 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In recent years, the use of electronic readers has surged in popularity among readers. 拓展句：In recent years, there is a trend that the use of electronic readers has surged in popularity among readers. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, I believe this trend brings both advantages and disadvantages. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) [高分句型2] Electronic readers offer convenience and portability, which allow readers to carry thousands of books in a single device, making it easy to access a wide range of literature anytime, anywhere. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had been seven days since she landed in New York City, and Hana Sofia Lopes’ luggage (行李) was still lost. Hana Sofia, a Luxembourg-born actor in her early 30s, was stopping off in New York City in October 2022 to catch up with a friend. Her endpoint was Canada, where she was beginning production on a movie. Upon arrival in Montreal, Hana Sofia was due to attend a reception with film legends and Luxembourg’ s prime minister (首相). Her carefully planned clothing seemingly lost forever, Hana Sofia bought a last-minute dress in New York and boarded the flight to Canada. After landing in Montreal, Hana Sofia headed straight to the airline information desk to raise her luggage complaint in person. She knew her lost luggage wasn’t the responsibility of an airport worker in Canada, so she controlled her anger. As she spoke, Hana Sofia’s discouragement materialised not in the form of anger but through tears when she shared the details. On the other side of the airport counter was Azalia Claudine Becerril Angulo, a part-time airport worker in her mid-20s who’ s lived in Montreal all her life. Azalia listened to the story, and found herself imagining how she would feel if she were the crying stranger. Azalia looked up the lost luggage reference number but it wasn’t good news — the screen said the bag was in Frankfurt, Germany. Hearing this, Hana Sofia was deeply upset about the lack of important items for her reception the next evening, including makeup. Sympathetic to her situation, Azalia, who worked as a professional makeup artist when not at the airport, offered to do Hana Sofia’ s hair and makeup for free at her hotel in the afternoon.Greatly touched, Hana Sofia agreed and the two women exchanged numbers. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置。 The next day Azalia arrived at Hana Sofia’s hotel to provide makeup services. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As time passed, the two women maintained their connection, exchanging messages regularly. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The next day Azalia arrived at Hana Sofia’s hotel to provide makeup services. Hana Sofia was nervous but excited, wondering how Azalia’s skills would compare to her usual makeup artists. Azalia carefully applied Hana Sofia’s makeup, paying attention to every detail. When Hana Sofia looked in the mirror, she was amazed at how Azalia had transformed her appearance. She felt confident and ready for the reception, where she received compliments on her appearance from film legends and the Luxembourg prime minister. Hana Sofia was grateful to Azalia for not only her makeup skills but also for her kindness and empathy during a stressful time. As time passed, the two women maintained their connection, exchanging messages regularly. They discovered a shared passion for art and creativity, and their friendship grew stronger. Hana Sofia even invited Azalia to visit her in Luxembourg, promising to show her around the city and introduce her to her network of artists and professionals. Their unexpected encounter at the airport had led to a lasting friendship, proving that sometimes, losing something can lead to finding something even more valuable. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了30岁出头的卢森堡女演员哈娜·索非亚去纽约拜访一位朋友，结果她的行李丢失，她为缺少化妆品感到不安，最后机场工作人员阿扎利亚为她提供了化妆帮助，让她十分感动，两人也建立了深厚的友谊。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，阿扎利亚来到哈娜·索菲亚的酒店，为她提供化妆服务”可知，第一段可描写阿扎利亚为哈娜化妆的经过以及哈娜最终的会面情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着时间的推移，这两个女人保持着联系，定期交换信息”可知，第二段可描写两人建立了深厚友谊。 2.续写线索：来到酒店——提供化妆服务——安慰哈娜——哈娜得到肯定——建立友谊——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注意：pay attention to/take notice of ②改变：transform/change ③导致：lead to/result in 情绪类 ①兴奋的：exited/thrilled ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hana Sofia was nervous but excited, wondering how Azalia’s skills would compare to her usual makeup artists. (运用了how引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] She felt confident and ready for the reception, where she received compliments on her appearance from film legends and the Luxembourg prime minister. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南城二中2024——2025年上学期第一次月考 高二英语 试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分 ) 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. At home. C. In a library. 2. How does the woman sound? A. Proud. B. Surprised. C.rateful. 3. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask for advice. B. To make a reservation. C. To express thanks. 4. When will the speakers visit the museum? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A lecture. B. A nurse. C.A war. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does Anna think greatness means? A. It means helping others. B. It means overcoming difficulties. C. It means developing one' s abilities. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Which quality does the woman admire about Mother Teresa? A. Courage. B. Determination. C. Kindness. 9. What are the speakers going to do on Friday? A Write a story. B. Give a talk. C. Raise money for the poor. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Why does the woman mention Van Gogh and Galilei? A. To lead to the topic. B. To support her idea. C. To make a comparison. 11. What do we know about Lacks? A. She died in an accident. B. She had special tissues. C. She made many medical achievements. 12. What was discovered in the 1920s? A. Penicillin. B. X-rays. C.DNA. 13. Who brought Lacks' story into the public eye? A. A doctor. B. A scientist. C.A writer. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a ceremony. C. Conducting an interview. 15. How does Agre describe being a scientist? A. It' s boring but meaningful. B. It' s adventurous but fun. C. It' s stressful but inspiring. 16. What does Agre compare the process of making a discovery to? A. An intelligent free walk. B. A creative exploration. C. An exciting journey. 17. What does Agre think is the mission of the young people? A. To focus on difficult research. B. To adapt to changing circumstances. C. To apply the discoveries to people' s lives. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which TV show is Cranston best known for according to the speaker? A. Baywatch. B. Breaking Bad. C. Malcolm in the Middle. 19. Why does the speaker want to meet Cranston? A. She thinks he' s a nice person. B. She wants to learn acting skills. C. She is curious about his future plans. 20 What does the speaker want to do if she meets Cranston? A. Hug him. B. Talk about his TV show. C. Take a photo with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A National Gallery exhibitions (展览) Winslow Homer: Force of Nature This is the first in-depth exhibition in the UK of the art of Winslow Homer (1836-1910), one of the most celebrated and admired American painters of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It exhibits around fifty paintings and watercolours from public and private collections and presents an opportunity for visitors to discover an artist who, although a big name in America, is not as well known in Europe. Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès It is the first UK exhibition around the portrait (肖像) of Eva Gonzalès (1870) by Édouard Manet (1832-1883). The painting collected by Hugh Lane, was considered to be the most famous modern French painting in the UK and Ireland by the early 20th century. This is the first in a new series of “Discover” exhibitions to be staged in the National Gallery’s Sunley Room. Turner on Tour Generously lent for the first time by The Frick Collection, two groundbreaking pictures by Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) return to the UK for the first time in over 100 years. They were exhibited in New York in 1914 at the Knoedler Gallery, and later collected by the American industrialist Henry Clay Frick. They have remained in the United States ever since. Take One Picture The National Gallery exhibits artworks by primary school children from across the UK in the annual “Take One Picture” exhibition. Each year the Gallery invites primary schools nationwide to focus on one of its paintings and respond creatively to its themes (主题) and subject matter, historical context, or composition. 1. What do we know about Winslow Homer? A. He is lesser known in the UK. B. He is famous for his portraits. C. He moved to America in the 1900s. D. He won his good name at an early age. 2. What do “Discover Manet & Eva Gonzalès” and “Turner on Tour” have in common? A. Both centre around American artists. B. Both challenge old artistic standards. C. Both are first-of-their-kind in the UK. D. Both feature collections from Hugh Lane. 3. What is the focus of “Take One Picture”? A. Groundbreaking pictures by Turner. B. Oil paintings by Édouard Manet. C Artworks by primary schoolers. D. Modern French paintings. B Students at the Calhoun School in New York City have much more than a roof over their heads. They have a rooftop garden, with green grass and colorful flowers. Roofs covered in plants, or “green roofs”, are quite popular. And roofs aren’t the only things going green. Architects are finding all sorts of new ways to build buildings that are easier on the environment. These schools, homes, and offices are called “green buildings”. It takes a lot of energy to light rooms and run appliances. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. A layer of insulation (绝缘材料) traps air to stop heat from passing through. That keeps heat inside in the winter, and keeps heat outside in the summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling. Oberlin’ s Center for Environmental Studies in Ohio was built with large south-facing windows. In the winter, the sun shines in and heats the space. The floors are made of dark rock called slate. The sun warms the slate slowly during the day. At night, the slate gives out the stored heat back into the air. In the summer, shades (遮阳帘) over the windows keep the building cool. Green roofs are not just a fun place to hang out. They also save energy,water, and materials. A green roof doesn’t get as hot as an ordinary darkcolored roof, so it keeps the building cooler. In the winter, the plants and soil act like a blanket to keep the building warm. When it rains, the soil and plants absorb rainwater, which means less water runs off into drains (下水道). Plants on the roof help clean the air and provide food for insects and birds, too. City planners like green buildings because they are healthier for the people who live inside. As more people become concerned about climate change, more buildings are going green. But you don’ t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes can make any home greener — and a better Earth home for us all. 4. How do green buildings contribute to saving energy in heating? A. Through the use of thick walls. B. By using large windows for natural light. C. By relying on specialized heating materials. D. Through the fixing of advanced appliances. 5. What is the function of the slate? A. To reflect direct sunlight. B. To absorb and give out heat. C. To make use of limited space. D. To provide shade for the windows. 6. What can we learn about the green roof? A. It employs traditional methods. B. It helps reduce rainfall runoff. C. It is painted in bright colors. D. It aims to clean water. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To provide guidance on constructing new buildings. B. To acknowledge the achievement of city planners. C. To illustrate the impact of climate change. D. To encourage people to build green. C It’s Paris Fashion Week and the streets of the city are filled with designers, models and journalists. Among the crowds, eagle-eyed experts are taking careful notes. Their job is to detect emerging trends. Their notes will instantly be added to selected “trend forecasts”, which will be sold to designers, who will use them to inspire new pieces. Traditionally, these fashion forecasters have relied only on such methods to make predictions. But as artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have become increasingly powerful in the last decade, forecasting agencies are now turning to machine learning for help. This is all welcome news for an industry worth about $2 trillion globally. Forecasts can have a big influence on the fashion industry’s carbon footprint, which is responsible for at least 4% of all worldwide emissions. Designers will produce more of what will actually sell——at the moment, 25% of fashion products are unsalable, or not sold. Besides, using AI tools that can analyze millions of posts from around the world allows designers to look at fashion trends more globally. But designers often feel insecure about relying just on the data provided by AI. “A few years ago, there were big indicators on social media of yellow being a trend,” says Francesca Muston, vice president of a trend forecasting company. “And if you had followed completely the social media data gathered by AI models, yellow pieces would seem to be a good investment. But how many people are really going to wear a bright yellow coat? That’s a brave fashion choice.” AI tools don’t have their own aesthetic (审美的) viewpoint so they may not be able to satisfy people’s desire for newness. “That’s why we maintain a very strong creative viewpoint in our forecasting with a team of industry experts,” says Muston Dr Michal Koren, a researcher, ways, “The role of human experts in identifying trends will continue to be crucial even as AI and data-driven models become more accurate.” 8. What is the purpose of the notes taken by the experts? A. To report the news about Paris Fashion Week. B. To help them make fashion predictions. C. To compare different design methods. D. To collect information about designers. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? A. The various benefits of using Al tools to predict trends. B. The high environmental costs of the fashion industry. C. The importance of looking at fashion more globally. D. The serious problem of unsalable fashion products. 10. Why does Muston mention the trend of yellow predicted a few years ago? A. To explain why people dislike some new trends. B. To show AI fashion predictions are not always reliable. C. To describe the recent changes in people’s fashion choices. D. To prove the key role of social media in fashion forecasting. 11. Which statement might both Muston and Koren agree with? A. Machine learning is more creative than human experts. B. Many human trend forecasters will be unemployed. C. It is possible for Al to have its own fashion sense. D. AI tools will not replace human trend forecasters. D Gut microbiomes (肠道菌群) play a vital role in human health. They can impact our sleep and risk for certain diseases. Now, scientists may be able to add one more thing to that list: They might also affect the desire to exercise, suggests a recent study of mice published in Nature. The study shows pretty conclusively that in mice, the desire to exercise is influenced by the microbiome. Scientists wonder whether humans’ willingness to hit the gym works in a similar way. Mouse studies alone can’t prove that people’s tendency for moving or sitting is affected by the microbiome — as people might also be driven by external factors, such as praise from others — but studying these small animals is a step toward understanding ourselves, scientists say. In the study, scientists collected 2.1 million data points on 199 mice, ranging from their genetic (基因的) makeup and gut microbiome composition to their exercise capacity (能力).The researchers also removed some of the mice’ s microbiomes either partially or fully. After examining all this information, the team found that genetics played only a limited role in the mice’ s willingness to exercise. But their gut microbiomes had a greater effect: The mice with reduced microbiomes spent less time exercising on a wheel and grew tired more quickly. To confirm these findings, researchers transplanted (移植) microbiomes from mice that were strong runners into other mice, which made them able to exercise more. “Surprisingly, the desire for exercise is not determined by the brain,” said Christoph Thaiss, a co-author of the study. Now, the researchers want to look at humans to see if the research holds up in ourselves. If so, it could help treat symptoms (症状) of various diseases that might be eased with exercise. “There are many differences between mice and human physiology,” Thaiss says. “But we’re starting a human study that will answer this question.” 12. What is the study about? A. Mice’s sleep patterns. B. Genetics’ impact on exercise habits. C. External factors affecting mice’ s health. D. Gut microbiomes’ influence on exercise desire. 13. What was the impact of microbiome transplantation? A. Decreased genetic influence on health. B. Improved exercise performance. C. Increased feelings of tiredness. D. Reduced sleep time. 14. What’s the significance of the follow-up study according to Thaiss? A. It may explore the benefits of exercise. B. It may provide insights into treating diseases with exercise. C. It may unlock the role of genetics in physical performance. D. It may clarify the difference between mice and human physiology. 15. Where can the text be found? A. In a course plan. B. In a history novel. C. In a science journal. D. In a literature review. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As human beings, we have been fed the idea from a very early age that in order to be defined as a successful individual we must meet the standards set by others before us. This means we must achieve a better grade than our competitors, we must run faster than other athletes, our house must be larger than our neighbors’, and so on, despite the personal cost of obtaining these goals. ____16____ Boxing ourselves into society’s definition of success lacks creativity, passion, and genuine (真诚的) drive. If we define success according to our own measure, we would be more happier. ____17____ Our children should be guided and allowed to listen to what gets them excited. We should encourage our children to understand and develop their inner selves. This can be strengthened at any age. We shouldn’t fall into the trap of letting our achievements define us. ____18____ First, we must listen to our inner voice. What is it that we want to achieve and more importantly why? We must do this to ensure our intention is in the right place. ____19____ “Success” does not mean being the prettiest, richest, most famous, having the most likes or followers on social media, or being the most intelligent, or having a certain career. Real success looks far different. ____20____ It means continuously questioning our intention behind our work, and knowing that it is unbounded (不受限) and immeasurable. A. What is the definition of success in the dictionary? B. This process should be instituted at a very early age. C. So what can we do to break from the world’ s success standards? D. This can be achieved through a clear understanding of our objectives. E. It is doing what we are passionate about without caring about the end result. F. Moreover, we must have the courage to challenge the world’ s success standards. G. I believe we have wasted our time if we reach these goals just to be seen as successful by society. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Rani’s mind lit up like a light bulb (灵光一现) as she turned on her shower the night her school class was tasked with finding ways to save water. As the 14-year-old stood there, ____21____ the water to reach the perfect temperature, a bright idea ____22____ her. Looking at the water ____23____ the drain, Rani was shocked by the wastage that____24____ during this waiting period. Determined to make a ____25____, she set out to create a device that could ____26____ water. And so, the Aqua Loop was born—an innovation that would ____27____ the attention of leading inventors across the country. Made from circuit boards (电路板), pipes, a button, and solenoid valves (电磁阀), the Aqua Loop was designed to ____28____the temperature of shower water, wait until the water reaches a comfortable temperature, and then ____29____ release (释放) it from the showerhead, preventing unnecessary _____30_____. And then the water would go back to the hot water system or its source. Rani, a Year Seven student, sourced her _____31_____ in water conservation (保护) from her upbringing in a rural village on the New South Wales mid-north coast. However, it was the _____32_____set by her school, The Nature School in Port Macquarie, that led to her surprising _____33_____— she had been wasting over 5 liters of water per shower. With a household of just four people, this meant an average wastage of 2,628 liters per year due to waiting _____34_____ . Rani’s invention had the potential to make a huge impact on water conservation, especially considering that there was no _____35_____ showerhead device available to do the job in Australia at the time. 21. A. checking out B. jumping into C. waiting for D. switching off 22. A. struck B. pressured C. scared D. shook 23. A. remaining in B. passing through C. flowing down D. coming from 24. A. ceased B. occurred C. disappeared D. changed 25. A. promise B. difference C. plan D. rule 26. A. heat B. bring C. clean D. save 27. A. command B. escape C. require D. catch 28. A. lower B. monitor C. keep D. present 29. A. cleverly B. naturally C. secretly D. partly 30. A. suffering B. harm C. cost D. waste 31. A. interest B. trust C. doubt D. failure 32. A. mode B. record C. example D. challenge 33. A. achievement B. realization C. responsibility D. diasppointment 34. A. otherwise B. again C. alone D. anyway 35. A. mobile B. beautiful C. specific D. luxurious 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution in Delhi has become a big problem. According to the Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi often sees high pollution days, ____36____ can cause respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses, especially in children and the elderly. Schools sometimes have to close on these days. Rohan Variankaval, a young Indian-American teenager, is trying to make a difference. During one of his trips to Delhi in 2019, Variankaval____37____ (experience) a heavy cloud of pollution. Watching schoolchildren facing health risks, and ____38____ (see) a lack of smart air quality monitors, he knew he had to take action. “Schools needed guidance, not numbers.” ____39____ (drive) by this realisation, Variankaval developed a solution: myAQI. Unlike ____40____ (tradition) monitors that simply provide AQI readings, myAQI goes a step further. It provides schools with clear recommendations based ____41____ real-time data. Instead of just knowing the pollution levels, ____42____ (user) can now receive actionable advice such as “Bring the students inside” or “Open the windows”. But what truly ____43____ (set) myAQI apart is its adaptability. His device offers customised recommendations for sensitive groups, ensuring an inclusive protection strategy for every student within the school’s walls. Now, Variankaval has ____44____ (successful) distributed (分发) his device across ten schools in India, which include ____45____ total of over 16,000 students. In the future, he hopes to build on his work to make further improvements. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近些年，越来越多人在阅读时使用电子阅读器（electronic readers)。请你用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法。 注意：词数应为80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had been seven days since she landed in New York City, and Hana Sofia Lopes’ luggage (行李) was still lost. Hana Sofia, a Luxembourg-born actor in her early 30s, was stopping off in New York City in October 2022 to catch up with a friend. Her endpoint was Canada, where she was beginning production on a movie. Upon arrival in Montreal, Hana Sofia was due to attend a reception with film legends and Luxembourg’ s prime minister (首相). Her carefully planned clothing seemingly lost forever, Hana Sofia bought a last-minute dress in New York and boarded the flight to Canada. After landing in Montreal, Hana Sofia headed straight to the airline information desk to raise her luggage complaint in person. She knew her lost luggage wasn’t the responsibility of an airport worker in Canada, so she controlled her anger. As she spoke, Hana Sofia’s discouragement materialised not in the form of anger but through tears when she shared the details. On the other side of the airport counter was Azalia Claudine Becerril Angulo, a part-time airport worker in her mid-20s who’ s lived in Montreal all her life. Azalia listened to the story, and found herself imagining how she would feel if she were the crying stranger. Azalia looked up the lost luggage reference number but it wasn’t good news — the screen said the bag was in Frankfurt, Germany. Hearing this, Hana Sofia was deeply upset about the lack of important items for her reception the next evening, including makeup. Sympathetic to her situation, Azalia, who worked as a professional makeup artist when not at the airport, offered to do Hana Sofia’ s hair and makeup for free at her hotel in the afternoon.Greatly touched, Hana Sofia agreed and the two women exchanged numbers. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置。 The next day Azalia arrived at Hana Sofia’s hotel to provide makeup services. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As time passed, the two women maintained their connection, exchanging messages regularly. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$