精品解析：九省2024-2025学年高三10月联考英语试题

2024～2025学年高三10月质量检测卷 英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where are the speakers most probably? A．At home. B．At an airport. C．At a gas station. 2．What can we know about Alice? A．She dislikes her current job. B．She is looking for a new role. C．She just took up a new position. 3．What is the man going to do? A．Cook for himself. B．Eat out with Sarah. C．See the doctor. 4．When can the work be completed? A．Early in the morning. B．By noon. C．In the afternoon. 5．What did the man order? A．Apple juice. B．Iced tea. C．Lemon juice. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What has the woman been doing recently? A．Looking for a job. B．Studying. C．Helping her grandpa. 7．How long did the man work for the last company? A．For over 2 years. B．For over 20 years. C．For over 30 years. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man studying? A．Writing. B．Accounting. C．Engineering. 9．What is the man advised to take into consideration? A．His strength and weakness. B．The job market in the future. C．The benefit of changing majors. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Co- workers. B．Boss and secretary. C．Interviewer and interviewee. 11．What is the woman good at? A．Editing videos. B．Drawing. C．Photographing. 12．What is the most important thing in journalism according to the woman? A．Sharing information. B．Being honest with the public. C．Bringing the world closer together. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why does the man mention the article to the woman? A．The woman is doing research on this subject. B．They discussed a related topic last week. C．The man wants to get her opinion. 14．What is probably the function of endorphins? A．It makes us feel happy. B．It sharpens our memory. C．It helps us sleep longer. 15．What has the woman concentrated on for self- development? A．Sleep. B．Food. C．Exercise. 16．What does the woman always want to do? A．Get a lovely pet B．Call her relatives regularly. C．Spend more time with her friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What do the elephants do in South Africa? A．They attack people. B．They damage things. C．They kill creatures. 18．How will the scientists keep the creatures away from the farm? A．By raising smelly insects. B．By spreading strong smells. C．By playing recorded bees’ sound. 19．When will the tests end? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. 20．Who will probably talk next? A．The center’s owner. B．Another host. C．A journalist. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol close to Valencia in Spain. It is claimed to be the biggest food fight in the world. What Happens at La Tomatina At around 11 am, many trucks carry more than one hundred tons of over- ripe tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo. Technically the festival does not begin until one brave soul has climbed to the top of a two-story-high wooden pole and reached the ham at the top. In practice this process takes a long time and the festival starts despite no one reaching the prize. The signal for the beginning of the fight is the firing of a water gun. After one hour the fighting ends and the cleaning process begins. The Rules of La Tomatina Do not bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants; Do not tear other people’s T-shirts; You must squeeze (捏碎) the tomatoes before throwing them; As soon as you hear the second shot of the water gun, you must stop throwing tomatoes. Useful Advice Wear old shoes and clothes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards. They will most likely end up damaged or incredibly dirty; Don’t wear slippers. You may get hurt, or you could lose them easily during the battle; If you are not from Bunol, and you want to stay overnight, don’t forget to look for and secure accommodation in advance. Stay safe and enjoy the festivities as much as possible! 1. What can we learn about La Tomatina? A. It is an annual event. B. It takes place in Valencia. C. It lasts for a whole day. D. It hands out hams as prizes. 2. Which of the following signals the beginning of the fight in practice? A. The arrival of the tomatoes. B. The takedown of the ham. C. The firing of a water gun. D. The set up of the wooden pole. 3. What should participants avoid doing during the fight? A. Touching each other. B. Taking soft objects with them. C. Wearing shoes and T- shirts. D. Throwing unsqueezed tomatoes. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了西班牙布诺尔小镇特有的节日活动——拉托马蒂纳（La Tomatina）食物大战，包括活动的举办时间、地点、活动内容、规则以及参加活动的实用建议等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol close to Valencia in Spain. (La Tomatina是一场食物大战节日，每年8月的最后一个星期三在西班牙瓦伦西亚附近的Bunol小镇举行)”可知，La Tomatina一个每年举行的活动。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The signal for the beginning of the fight is the firing of a water gun. After one hour the fighting ends and the cleaning process begins.(战斗开始的信号是水枪的发射。一个小时后，战斗结束，清洁工作随即开始。)”可知，水枪的发射实际上标志着战斗的开始。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章The Rules of La Tomatina部分中的“You must squeeze(捏碎)the tomatoes before throwing them(你必须在扔西红柿之前将它们捏碎)”可知，参与者应该避免扔未捏碎的西红柿。故选D。 B This is my fourth mission to space, my second to the International Space Station (ISS), and I’ve been here for three weeks now. I’m getting better at knowing where I am when I first wake up. My bedroom is just big enough for me and my sleeping bag, two laptops, some clothes, photos of my wife and daughters, a few books. Getting dressed is a little bit difficult when I can’t “sit” or “stand”, but I’ve gotten used to it. The most challenging thing is putting on my socks. It’s not a challenge to figure out what to wear, since I wear the same thing every day. However, without gravity to help me bend over, it is very difficult to pull my legs up to my chest. At present, we have three Americans living at the station: Samantha, Terry and me. Samantha is one of the few women to have served as a fighter pilot in the Italian Air Force, and she is competent in everything technical. She is also friendly and quick to laugh. She is especially gifted for language. She has native-level fluency in English and Russian (the two official languages of the ISS) as well as French, German, and her native Italian. She is also working on learning Chinese. For some people who hope to fly in space, language can be a challenge. We all have to be able to speak a second language (I’ve been studying Russian for years), but the European and Japanese astronauts have the added burden of learning two languages if they don’t already speak English or Russian. Terry was a test pilot before joining NASA. He has all the positive qualities of a leader — optimism, enthusiasm, friendliness — and none of the negative ones. I’ve found him to be consistently competent, and I appreciate that as a leader he is a consensus builder rather than a bossy commander. Since I’ve been up here, he has always been respectful of my previous experience, always open to suggestions about how to do things better rather than getting defensive or competitive. 4. Why does the author find it challenging to put on his socks at the ISS? A. He has too many choices. B. It is uneasy to pull his legs up. C. The bedroom is too small. D. He can’t find a chair to sit on. 5. Samantha has left the deepest impression on the author probably because of her _______. A. good humor B. technical skills C. language talent D. loud laughing 6 What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A. Speaking English or Russian is a must for the ISS astronauts. B. All the ISS astronauts have to be able to speak three languages. C. European and Japanese astronauts are not good at communication. D. There are language workshops on the International Space Station. 7. Which of the following can best describe Terry? A. He is competitive and defensive. B. He is a perfect leader. C. He is the most experienced man at the ISS. D. He is just a little bit bossy. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国际空间站的工作及起居情况。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, without gravity to help me bend over, it is very difficult to pull my legs up to my chest.(然而，没有重力帮助我弯腰，很难把腿拉到胸前。)”可知，在失重环境下，抬腿很困难。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“She is especially gifted for language. She has native-level fluency in English and Russian (the two official languages of the ISS) as well as French, German, and her native Italian. She is also working on learning Chinese. (她在语言方面特别有天赋。她精通英语和俄语（国际空间站的两种官方语言）以及法语、德语和她的母语意大利语。她也在努力学习中文。)”可推断作者对Samantha印象最深的是她的语言天赋。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“We all have to be able to speak a second language (I’ve been studying Russian for years), but the European and Japanese astronauts have the added burden of learning two languages if they don’t already speak English or Russian.(我们都必须会说第二语言（我已经学习俄语很多年了），但欧洲和日本的宇航员如果不会说英语或俄语，就会有学习两门语言的额外负担。)”可推断，在国际空间站，宇航员必须会讲英语或俄语。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He has all the positive qualities of a leader — optimism, enthusiasm, friendliness — and none of the negative ones. I’ve found him to be consistently competent, and I appreciate that as a leader he is a consensus builder rather than a bossy commander. Since I’ve been up here, he has always been respectful of my previous experience, always open to suggestions about how to do things better rather than getting defensive or competitive.(他具有一个领导者所具有的一切积极品质——乐观、热情、友善——而没有任何消极的品质。我发现他一直都很有能力，作为一个领导者，我很欣赏他是一个共识的缔造者，而不是一个专横的指挥官。自从我来到这里，他一直很尊重我以前的经验，总是愿意接受我的建议，告诉我如何把事情做得更好，而不是变得防守或竞争。)”可知，Terry是一个完美的负责人。故选B。 C On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre-recorded video. Indeed, the demonstration seemed impressive. When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately. Apple is one of many firms that want to take AI beyond huge data centres, known as the cloud, and run it on smaller devices, known as the edge. Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices. At present, cloud-based AI models are mostly trained on graphics processing units (GPUs) that consume so much energy that it can take a nuclear-power plant to fuel them. They also need huge amounts of memory and data. All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly. According to one estimate, it costs OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT, 36 cents every time someone asks its AI model a question. Companies are experimenting with various solutions to these problems. Apple will offer on-device AI to deal with the easiest tasks, but send trickier problems to the firm’s private cloud. The service will direct the most difficult requests to third-party models such as ChatGPT. But even such smaller on-device AI models require a lot of computing power to run, which puts huge stress on the edge devices’ batteries. “Making the technology work could not only start a supercycle in device sales, but also create new opportunities for apps and digital advertising,” says Neil Shah of Counterpoint, a research firm. “But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.” 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The Glowtime event. B. iPhone 16’s AI features. C. Tim Cook’s performance. D. The future of AI phones. 9. Why are Samsung and Microsoft mentioned in the text? A. To tell readers how bad competition can be. B. To warn Apple of the potential consequences. C. To compare their newly released edge devices. D. To show how hard it is to apply AI to edge devices. 10. What is the problem with cloud-based AI models? A. OpenAI charges too much money. B. All of them have to be trained on GPUs. C. It is too expensive to train and run them. D. They can only deal with the easiest tasks. 11. What does Neil Shah most probably imply? A. iPhone 16 is bound to disappoint its users. B. AI phones’ success will depend on new apps. C. Sales of AI phones will increase greatly soon. D. Tim Cook was not honest with the AI features. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了iPhone 16存在的技术问题。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately.(当库克将摄像头对准一家餐厅时，人工智能助手Siri可以告诉他菜单上有什么。它还可以很好地回答他的问题，并从用户与设备的互动中了解用户。例如，Siri可以知道用户的母亲是否在打电话，并做出适当的反应)”可知，本段主要介绍了iPhone已经具备的AI功能。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices.(今年早些时候，苹果的主要竞争对手三星推出了带有一些人工智能功能的Galaxy S24。微软（Microsoft）也是如此，它推出了专为人工智能设计的Windows PCs。但它们的努力表明，将基于云的人工智能模型转移到边缘设备并不容易)”可知，文章提及三星和微软是为了展示将人工智能应用于边缘设备有多么困难。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly.(所有这些都可能耗资数亿美元。即使训练有素，运行这些人工智能模型也是昂贵的)”可知，培训和运行基于云的人工智能模型价格昂贵，这是一个问题。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.(但就目前而言，边缘设备的基本功能还不完善，更不用说Glowtime了)”及第一段“On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre- recorded video.(2024年9月9日，苹果在名为“It 's Glowtime”的活动上发布了最新的iPhone 16系列。在发布会上，苹果首席执行官蒂姆•库克（Tim Cook）在一段预先录制的视频中强调了这款手机的人工智能功能)”可知，Neil Shah认为苹果16的人工智能技术还不完善，所以苹果16用户会失望。故选A。 D The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice, for you aren’t the same person at each visit, and the water is ever flowing. It is a powerful way to represent the reality that everything is always changing. Yet so many of us have difficulty adapting to change. We deny it, resist it or attempt to control it, the result of which is almost always some combination of stress, anxiety and burnout. It doesn’t have to be that way. No doubt, change can, and often does, hurt. But with the right mind-set, it can also be a force for growth. It’s not as if we have any choice in the matter. Like it or not, life is change. We’d be wise to shift our position from useless resistance to being in conversation with change instead. A concept called allostasis can help. Developed in the late 1980s by Peter Sterling and Joseph Eyer, allostasis is defined as “stability through change”. In other words, the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing, at least to some extent. From neuroscience to pain science and psychology, allostasis has become the standard model for understanding change in the scientific community. The brain is at its best when it is constantly making new connections. Overcoming pain, be it physical or psychological, is not about resistance (which often worsens the experience) or trying to get back to where you were before a distressing event or situation. It’s about balancing acceptance with problem-solving and moving forward to a new normal. Yet this concept is still little known to ordinary people and it is time to start practicing it now. Over the past few years, the river of change has been flowing mercilessly, and it shows no signs of letting up. Hardly a decade after the widespread adoption of social media, a new technology that may be far more powerful, artificial intelligence, is being widely used. It’s like what our friend Heraclitus advised: Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can’t. Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction. 12. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. We could have a right mind-set. B. Philosophy exists everywhere. C. Some people are wiser than others. D. Change is unavoidable in life. 13. How should we deal with changes according to the author? A. Ignore them. B. Participate in them. C. Fight against them. D. Put them under control. 14. What does the underlined phrase “letting up” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Slowing down. B. Setting off. C. Marching on. D. Pulling in. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Why Can’t We Adapt to Changes in Life? B. How Can We Increase Our Life Satisfaction? C Let’s Transform Our Relationship With Change D. Try to Help the Public to Understand Allostasis 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为议论文。 文章探讨了变化的不可避免性及其对个人生活的影响，提出应通过积极的态度和方法来适应变化，而不是抗拒，以此提高生活质量。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice, for you aren’t the same person at each visit, and the water is ever flowing. It is a powerful way to represent the reality that everything is always changing.(古希腊哲学家赫拉克利特教导说，你不能两次踏入同一条河流，因为每次你都不是同一个你，河水一直在流动。这是一个强有力的方式来表达一切都在不断变化的事实。)”可知，描述的现象是生活中变化是不可避免的。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We’d be wise to shift our position from useless resistance to being in conversation with change instead.(我们明智的做法是从无用的抵抗转变为与变化进行对话。)”和最后一段中的“Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can’t.(通过专注于我们能控制的事情并努力放下我们不能控制的事情来参与变化。)”可知，作者建议我们应该参与变化。故选B项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段的“Over the past few years, the river of change has been flowing mercilessly, and it shows no signs of letting up.(在过去的几年里，变化的河流无情地流淌，没有任何____的迹象。)”可知，变化的河流无情地流淌，没有减速的迹象，由此可以推测“letting up”的意思是“减缓”或“放缓”。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章最后一段“It’s like what our friend Heraclitus advised: Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can’t. Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction.(就像我们的朋友赫拉克利特建议的那样：参与变革，专注于我们能控制的事情，努力放下我们不能控制的事情。我们应对这些变化的能力与我们的生活满意度直接相关。)”以及全文内容来看，文章主要讨论了如何转变我们与变化的关系，从无用的抵抗转变为积极地参与变化，以适应不断变化的生活，提高生活满意度。C项（让我们用变化来改变我们的关系）能概括全文内容。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Here’s the bad news: misunderstanding about masculinity (男子汉气概) is hurting males and making it hard for them to maintain friendships.____16____. They listen to each other. They read each other’s emotions. However, they tend to hide their true feelings in their late teenage because society expects them to be tough. ____17____. Don’t blame yourself. You are a product of a society that expects very particular things of masculinity. So stop blaming yourself. ____18____. If you accept your own desire for close relationship in your life, you will find the friendship. Get involved at tough moments. Boys sometimes are worried whether they might appear too curious about their friends’ private matters. ____19____. But if you get involved at such moments, you will open the door to all kinds of growth in your relationship. So take the opportunity to show them that they matter by following up. ____20____. Researchers say that the No.1 thing that helps children (especially boys) grow up to have enriching friendships is to be close with adult relatives who are not afraid to express their emotions. So, if you have expressive grownup relatives, try to be close to them. They can serve as role models for you to show your true feelings in a better way. A. Look at masculinity critically B. So here is what they should do C. Get close to expressive adults in your life D. You need to face something really disturbing E. Instead, focus on undoing hurtful and restricting belief systems F. It is especially true when their friends are sharing something tough G. The good news is that boys are born caring and loving, just as girls do 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了男孩该如何突破“男子汉气概”的误区并勇于表达自己的真实情感。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Here’s the bad news: misunderstanding about masculinity(男子汉气概)is hurting males and making it hard for them to maintain friendships.(这里有个坏消息：对男子气概的误解正在伤害男性，使他们难以维持友谊。)”及空后“They listen to each other. They read each other’s emotions.(他们互相倾听。他们能读懂彼此的情绪。)”可知，空项应该会提到“好消息”，起承前启后的作用，故G项“好消息是，男孩和女孩一样，天生有爱心”符合语境，故选G项。 【17题详解】 空前“However, they tend to hide their true feelings in their late teenage because society expects them to be tough.(然而，在他们的青少年后期他们往往隐藏自己的真实感受，因为社会期望他们是坚强的。)”谈到因受传统观念的束缚，男孩懂事后倾向于掩饰自己的真实情感，由下文的段落首句可知，下文则谈到了他们到底该怎么做，故B项“因此，一下才是他们应该做的”正好起到了承上启下的作用。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“You are a product of a society that expects very particular things of masculinity. So stop blaming yourself.(你是一个对男子气概有特殊要求的社会的产物。所以不要再责怪自己了。)”及空后“If you accept your own desire for close relationship in your life, you will find the friendship.(如果你在生活中接受自己对亲密关系的渴望，你就会找到友谊。)”可知，空项应该有一个转折，故E项“相反，专注于消除有害的和限制性的信仰体系”符合语境，说明男孩不要责怪自己，应该突破旧观念，接受自己，这样就会找到友谊。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Get involved at tough moments.(在困难时刻参与进来。)”及空后“But if you get involved at such moments, you will open the door to all kinds of growth in your relationship.(但如果你在这样的时刻投入其中，你就会打开一扇门，让你们的关系得到各种各样的发展。)”中的关键词 tough 可以快速锁定F项“当他们的朋友正在分享艰难的事情时，尤其如此”。说明在朋友困难的时候参与期中，关系可以得到改善。故选F项。 【20题详解】 空处是段落标题。根据下文“Researchers say that the No.1 thing that helps children(especially boys)grow up to have enriching friendships is to be close with adult relatives who are not afraid to express their emotions. So, if you have expressive grownup relatives, try to be close to them. They can serve as role models for you to show your true feelings in a better way.(研究人员表示，帮助孩子（尤其是男孩）成长拥有丰富的友谊的首要因素是与不怕表达自己情感的成年亲属保持亲密关系。所以，如果你有善于表达的成年亲戚，试着和他们亲近。他们可以作为你的榜样，以更好的方式表达你的真实感受。)”可知，本段主要是鼓励男孩在成人中寻找合适的模仿对象，故C项“亲近那些善于表达真实感情的成年人”适合做这一段的主题句。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Children are not often invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会). But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a (n) ___21___ question about climate change. “We children know that adults are ___22___ the climate challenges and that they have the solutions,” he said. “But we don’t understand why there is so little ___23___.” Before his speech, Finkbeiner had been ___24___ a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since ___25___ into a global network of children working to ___26___ the earth’s warming by reforesting the planet. Most of them are between the ages 9 and 12. The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school ___27___ in Finkbeiner’s hometown. The topic was climate change. In his report, Finkbeiner ___28___ to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner’s teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to ___29___ his report to other students and the headmaster. Of course, no one ___30___ anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. His campaign was a ___31___ and had a dramatic close. By the time he delivered his ___32___ at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree. “If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would ___33___,” he says now, a little ___34___, “I would have insisted my mother buy a more ___35___ one.” 21. A. easy B. political C. serious D. awkward 22. A. aware of B. addicted to C. afraid of D. curious about 23. A. profit B. action C. water D. luck 24. A. avoiding B. planning C. advertising D. leading 25. A. expanded B. broken C. run D. looked 26. A. record B. know C. slow D. measure 27. A. play B. assignment C. accident D. object 28. A. declined B. pretended C. started D. promised 29. A. mail B. donate C. present D. sell 30. A. wanted B. expected C. asked D. needed 31. A. disaster B. joke C. show D. hit 32. A. speech B. tree C. evidence D. package 33. A. receive B. miss C. know D. grow 34. A. forgetfully B. unwillingly C. restlessly D. regretfully 35. A. typical B. impressive C. genuine D. important 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Felix Finkbeiner为解决环境问题而种树的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Felix Finkbeiner站在那里，对气候变化提出了一个严肃的问题。A. easy容易的；B. political政治的；C. serious严肃的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“‘We children know that adults are ____ the climate challenges and that they have the solutions,’ he said. ‘But we don’t understand why there is so little ____ .’”可知，气候变化是一个“严肃的”问题。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：他说：“我们这些孩子知道，成年人意识到了气候挑战，也有解决办法。”A. aware of意识到；B. addicted to沉溺于；C. afraid of害怕；D. curious about好奇。根据前文“But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a (n) ____ question about climate change.”和后文“that they have the solutions”以及语境可知，这里指成年人已经“意识到”了气候挑战。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但我们不明白为什么行动这么少。”A. profit利润；B. action行动；C. water水；D. luck运气。根据前文“‘We children know that adults are ____ the climate challenges and that they have the solutions,’ he said. ‘But we don’t understand why there is so little ”可知，成年人意识到问题，也知道解决办法，但“行动”远远不够。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他发表演讲之前， Finkbeiner已经领导了一个了不起的环境运动四年了，并已扩展为一个全球儿童网络，致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。A. avoiding避免；B. planning计划；C. advertising做广告；D. leading领导。根据后文“a remarkable environmental campaign for four years”可知，Finkbeiner“领导”了一个了不起的环境运动。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. expanded扩展；B. broken打破；C. run跑；D. looked看。根据前文“Finkbeiner had been ____ a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since”和后文“into a global network of children working to ____ the earth’s warming by reforesting the planet”可知， Finkbeiner领导的环境运动，已“扩展”为一个全球儿童网络。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. record记录；B. know知道；C. slow减缓；D. measure测量。根据后文“the earth’s warming by reforesting the planet”可知，全球儿童网络致力于通过重新造林来“减缓”地球变暖。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重新造林的努力可以追溯到Finkbeiner家乡四年级的一项作业。A. play游戏；B. assignment作业；C. accident事故；D. object对象。根据前文“The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school”和后文“Finkbeiner’s teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to ____ his report to other students and the headmaster”可知，Finkbeiner四年级的一项“作业”是与重新造林有关的。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。A. declined下降；B. pretended假装；C. started开始；D. promised承诺。根据后文“to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner’s teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to ____ his report to other students and the headmaster.”可知，Finkbeiner在报告中“承诺”在德国种植100万棵树。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，并让他把报告拿给其他学生和校长看。A. mail邮寄；B. donate捐赠；C. present呈现，展示；D. sell卖。根据前文“Finkbeiner’s teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to”和后文“his report to other students and the headmaster”可知，Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，让他把报告“展示”给其他学生和校长看。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，没人指望会有什么结果。A. wanted想要；B. expected期望；C. asked要求；D. needed需要。根据前文“no one”和后文“anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school”可知，没人“期望”这个植树计划会有什么结果，但Finkbeiner种下了第一棵树，开始了他的行动。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的活动大受欢迎，并取得巨大的胜利。A. disaster灾难；B. joke玩笑；C. show演出；D. hit打击，大受欢迎的人或事。根据后文“had a dramatic close”以及“By the time he delivered his ____ at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree”可知，他的植树运动成为了“大受欢迎事”，获得成功。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2011年，13岁的他在纽约联合国发表演讲时，德国已经种下了第100万棵树。A. speech演讲；B. tree树；C. evidence证据；D. package包裹。根据前文“he delivered his”和后文“at the UN in New York in 2011”以及文章开头可知，13岁的Finkbeiner在纽约联合国发表“演讲”。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我当时知道那棵苹果树会受到如此多的国际媒体报道，”他现在有点遗憾地说，“我会坚持让我母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。”A. receive收到；B. miss想念；C. know知道；D. grow成长。根据前文“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would”可知，Finkbeiner种的那棵苹果树“收到”很多的国际媒体的关注并报道。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. forgetfully健忘地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. restlessly不安地；D. regretfully遗憾地。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would ____ ,’ he says now, a little”和后文“‘I would have insisted my mother buy a more ____ one.’”可知，Finkbeiner没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树，感到很“遗憾”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. typical典型的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. genuine真诚的；D. important重要的。根据前文“‘If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would ____ ,’ he says now, a little ____ , ‘ would have insisted my mother buy a more”可知，Finkbeiner很遗憾自己没有坚持让母亲买一棵更“令人印象深刻的”苹果树。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 21- year- old Olympic champion Zheng Qinwen made history as the first Asian player to win an Olympic singles title by ____36____（defeat）Croatia’s Donna Vekic in the final match in Paris on Saturday. It was the first singles medal for China in tennis since the sport returned to the Olympics in 1988. Zheng expressed her thanks to her two coaches, Xia Xiyao and Yu Liqiao, both of ____37____ previously coached Li Na. ____38____（Zheng）first coach was Xia Xiyao. After training under Xia for a year, she ____39____（send）to Yu Liqiao. Known for her strict and tough coaching style, Yu was famously demanding. Zheng remarked that during her stay in Wuhan, Yu was the coach who contributed most significantly ____40____ her progress. Zheng also revealed the lengths her supportive parents went to during her early ____41____（year）to prepare for the victory. “My parents sacrificed a lot for me,” Zheng said. “When I was 12, my mum quit her job to support my tennis journey. When I was 14 ___42___ 15, my father sold our house to help me to ____43____（real）my tennis dream. My success is not just ____44____（I）; it’s also my parents’. They taught me how to stay ____45____（focus）on my dream. They always believed in me.” 【答案】36. defeating 37. whom 38. Zheng’s 39. was sent 40. to 41. years 42. or 43. realize## realise 44. mine 45. focused 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。巴黎奥运会夺冠后，郑钦文在接受采访时回顾了自己的冠军之路并对曾经为她付出的教练及父母表达了感激之情。 【36题详解】 考查动名词。句意：21岁的奥运冠军郑钦文在周六巴黎举行的决赛中击败克罗地亚选手Donna Vekic，成为首位赢得奥运单打冠军的亚洲选手。介词by后应跟动名词形式，作宾语；defeat为动词，表示“击败”。故填defeating。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：郑感谢了她的两位教练，夏溪瑶和余丽桥，她们都曾是李娜的教练。该句是由“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Xia Xiyao和Yu Liqiao，故用关系代词 whom，作宾语。故填whom。 【38题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：郑的第一个教练是夏溪瑶。根据句意可知，coach与 Zheng之间存在所属关系，表示“郑的……”，故此处用所给名词的所有格形式。故填Zheng’s。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在夏手下训练一年后，她被送往余丽桥处。空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语 After training under Xia for a year可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为 send与 she之间为被动关系，表示“她被送往”，故用被动语态，且谓语为单数形式。故填was sent。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：郑说，在武汉期间，余是对她的进步贡献最大的教练。动词短语contribute to 意为“为……作出贡献”，后可接名词短语“her progress”作宾语，符合句子和句意。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：郑还透露了早年支持她的父母为她的胜利所做的努力。空处为名词，作宾语，表示她为夺冠做准备的那些年，应用year的复数形式。故填years。 【42题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：当我十四五岁的时候，我父亲卖掉了我们的房子来帮助我实现我的网球梦。根据句意，句中的14岁和15岁为并列的两种可能的情况，表示“或者”，故填 or。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：当我十四五岁的时候，我父亲卖掉了我们的房子来帮助我实现我的网球梦。根据动词短语help sb to do sth“帮助某人做某事”可知，空处为动词原形；realize/realise为动词，表示“实现”，符合句意。故填realize/realise。 【44题详解】 考查人称代词。句意：我的成功不只是我的；也是我父母的。空处表示“我的成功”，应用名词性的物主代词mine。故填mine。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们教会我如何专注于我的梦想。空处作系动词stay的表语，故应用形容词形式；focused可作形容词，表示“专注的”，符合句意。故填focused。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，假期你去留学生Tom的家乡游玩时受到了他的热情款待。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示谢意； 2. 回忆难忘的瞬间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks again and I’m looking forward to seeing you in China soon! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom. I have just arrived home. Thank you very much for the hospitality I have received during my stay at your home! I’ll remember forever the time we spent together. I’m particularly impressed by the local dishes you prepared for me. Their flavors are still lingering in my mouth! I’m also grateful for your showing me around the town, which has given me a deeper insight into the local culture and history. It is your warmth and thoughtfulness that has made my travel such an unforgettable experience! Thanks again and I’m looking forward to seeing you in China soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生Tom写一封感谢信，感谢对方的热情款待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 永远：forever→ permanently 尤其：particularly → especially 对……感激的：be grateful for→ show gratitude to 体贴：thoughtfulness→ consideration 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I’m particularly impressed by the local dishes you prepared for me. Their flavors are still lingering in my mouth! 拓展句：I’m particularly impressed by the local dishes you prepared for me, whose flavors are still lingering in my mouth! 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m also grateful for your showing me around the town, which has given me a deeper insight into the local culture and history.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It is your warmth and thoughtfulness that has made my travel such an unforgettable experience!（运用了强调句型结构） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emma comes from a remote village surrounded by mountains. Unlike her trendy classmates in New York who are addicted to such high- tech things as smartphones and social media, she prefers knitting(编织). Emma’s love for the traditional skill is deeply influenced by her mother who can create all kinds of beautiful things with a pair of simple needles. Whenever she is free, she will sit down and start knitting all kinds of things for her children and neighbors. Whether it is a mini bag or a scarf, each item is a unique gift full of love and warmth. And they are deeply loved by the receivers. Her mother’s passion for knitting and generous spirit of helping others have inspired Emma to follow in her footsteps and she has taken up knitting as a hobby, too. By the age of 14, Emma has become especially good at making scarves and gloves. With beauty and practicality, Emma’s hand- made gifts never fail to impress her friends as well as her relatives. Last week, the city was hit by a heavy snowstorm, which left many, particularly the homeless, in a desperate situation. As Emma made her way to school, she noticed a man shaking under the bridge near her school. It was a homeless man she often saw on the route. But today he looked particularly miserable(可怜的). His face was half- hidden under a piece of worn cloth that hardly served as protection against the cold. Touched by the sight, Emma approached the man and presented her scarf to the homeless man. “For me, Miss?” asked the man in surprise. “It is too expensive!” “Please don’t mind it. I have made it for myself and I can make another one in a few days!” Emma replied while she was wrapping the scarf around the poor man’s neck. “I hope it might keep you away from the terrible cold.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Instantly, the man’s eyes brightened and a big smile appeared on his face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emma shared the idea of setting up a knitting club with some of her “high- tech” classmates. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Instantly, the man’s eyes brightened and a big smile appeared on his face. At that moment, Emma realized what she presented was not just a scarf but also a sign of love and hope. Inspired, she determined to bring that spark of hope to more homeless people. On her arrival at the school, an idea occurred to her. “Why not set up a knitting club to bring more warmth and hope to those in need?” she wondered. Emma shared the idea of setting up a knitting club with some of her “high- tech” classmates. At first, she was worried that they might laugh at her “low-tech” idea. To her amazement, they responded to her proposal enthusiastically. In a few days, the club was founded and more and more students joined them. Some of them started learning the traditional skill and others used social media to seek help online. By the end of winter, the club distributed more than two thousand hand-knitted items. Never did the kids realize the marriage of high- tech and low- tech could be so magic! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Emma的故事，展现了她对编织这一传统技艺的热爱，以及她如何通过成立编织俱乐部来帮助无家可归者，传递温暖和希望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“瞬间，男人的眼睛亮了起来，脸上露出了灿烂的微笑。”以及第二段首句内容“Emma与一些“高科技”同学分享了成立编织俱乐部的想法。”可知，第一段可描写看到男人的反应，Emma突然想到自己可以成立一个编制俱乐部来帮助更多的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“Emma与一些“高科技”同学分享了成立编织俱乐部的想法。”可知，第二段可描写出乎Emma意料的是同学们热情回应了她的建议，大家一起帮助了更多的人。 2.续写线索：充满感激之情——想要成立俱乐部——怕会被嘲笑——赞成提议——更多人加入——帮助更多需要帮助的人 3.词汇激活 行类 ①决定做某事：determine to/decide to ②突然想到：occur to/hit ③使用：use/employ 情绪类 ①担忧的：worried/concerned ②惊讶：amazement/surprise 【点睛】【高分句型1】At that moment, Emma realized what she presented was not just a scarf but also a sign of love and hope.（运用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】At first, she was worried that they might laugh at her “low-tech” idea.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 1～5ACABC 6～10 ACBBA 11～15CCBAB 16～20 ABCCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024～2025学年高三10月质量检测卷 英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4．本卷命题范围：高考范围。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where are the speakers most probably? A．At home. B．At an airport. C．At a gas station. 2．What can we know about Alice? A．She dislikes her current job. B．She is looking for a new role. C．She just took up a new position. 3．What is the man going to do? A．Cook for himself. B．Eat out with Sarah. C．See the doctor. 4．When can the work be completed? A．Early in the morning. B．By noon. C．In the afternoon. 5．What did the man order? A．Apple juice. B．Iced tea. C．Lemon juice. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What has the woman been doing recently? A．Looking for a job. B．Studying. C．Helping her grandpa. 7．How long did the man work for the last company? A．For over 2 years. B．For over 20 years. C．For over 30 years. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man studying? A．Writing. B．Accounting. C．Engineering. 9．What is the man advised to take into consideration? A．His strength and weakness. B．The job market in the future. C．The benefit of changing majors. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Co- workers. B．Boss and secretary. C．Interviewer and interviewee. 11．What is the woman good at? A．Editing videos. B．Drawing. C．Photographing. 12．What is the most important thing in journalism according to the woman? A．Sharing information. B．Being honest with the public. C．Bringing the world closer together. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Why does the man mention the article to the woman? A．The woman is doing research on this subject. B．They discussed a related topic last week. C．The man wants to get her opinion. 14．What is probably the function of endorphins? A．It makes us feel happy. B．It sharpens our memory. C．It helps us sleep longer. 15．What has the woman concentrated on for self- development? A．Sleep. B．Food. C．Exercise. 16．What does the woman always want to do? A．Get a lovely pet. B．Call her relatives regularly. C．Spend more time with her friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What do the elephants do in South Africa? A．They attack people. B．They damage things. C．They kill creatures. 18．How will the scientists keep the creatures away from the farm? A．By raising smelly insects. B．By spreading strong smells. C．By playing recorded bees’ sound. 19．When will the tests end? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. 20．Who will probably talk next? A．The center’s owner. B．Another host. C．A journalist. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol close to Valencia in Spain. It is claimed to be the biggest food fight in the world. What Happens at La Tomatina At around 11 am, many trucks carry more than one hundred tons of over- ripe tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo. Technically the festival does not begin until one brave soul has climbed to the top of a two-story-high wooden pole and reached the ham at the top. In practice this process takes a long time and the festival starts despite no one reaching the prize. The signal for the beginning of the fight is the firing of a water gun. After one hour the fighting ends and the cleaning process begins. The Rules of La Tomatina Do not bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants; Do not tear other people’s T-shirts; You must squeeze (捏碎) the tomatoes before throwing them; As soon as you hear the second shot of the water gun, you must stop throwing tomatoes. Useful Advice Wear old shoes and clothes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards. They will most likely end up damaged or incredibly dirty; Don’t wear slippers. You may get hurt, or you could lose them easily during the battle; If you are not from Bunol, and you want to stay overnight, don’t forget to look for and secure accommodation in advance. Stay safe and enjoy the festivities as much as possible! 1. What can we learn about La Tomatina? A. It is an annual event. B. It takes place in Valencia. C. It lasts for a whole day. D. It hands out hams as prizes. 2. Which of the following signals the beginning of the fight in practice? A. The arrival of the tomatoes. B. The takedown of the ham. C. The firing of a water gun. D. The set up of the wooden pole. 3. What should participants avoid doing during the fight? A. Touching each other. B. Taking soft objects with them. C. Wearing shoes and T- shirts. D. Throwing unsqueezed tomatoes. B This is my fourth mission to space, my second to the International Space Station (ISS), and I’ve been here for three weeks now. I’m getting better at knowing where I am when I first wake up. My bedroom is just big enough for me and my sleeping bag, two laptops, some clothes, photos of my wife and daughters, a few books. Getting dressed is a little bit difficult when I can’t “sit” or “stand”, but I’ve gotten used to it. The most challenging thing is putting on my socks. It’s not a challenge to figure out what to wear, since I wear the same thing every day. However, without gravity to help me bend over, it is very difficult to pull my legs up to my chest. At present, we have three Americans living at the station: Samantha, Terry and me. Samantha is one of the few women to have served as a fighter pilot in the Italian Air Force, and she is competent in everything technical. She is also friendly and quick to laugh. She is especially gifted for language. She has native-level fluency in English and Russian (the two official languages of the ISS) as well as French, German, and her native Italian. She is also working on learning Chinese. For some people who hope to fly in space, language can be a challenge. We all have to be able to speak a second language (I’ve been studying Russian for years), but the European and Japanese astronauts have the added burden of learning two languages if they don’t already speak English or Russian. Terry was a test pilot before joining NASA. He has all the positive qualities of a leader — optimism, enthusiasm, friendliness — and none of the negative ones. I’ve found him to be consistently competent, and I appreciate that as a leader he is a consensus builder rather than a bossy commander. Since I’ve been up here, he has always been respectful of my previous experience, always open to suggestions about how to do things better rather than getting defensive or competitive. 4. Why does the author find it challenging to put on his socks at the ISS? A. He has too many choices. B. It is uneasy to pull his legs up. C. The bedroom is too small. D. He can’t find a chair to sit on. 5 Samantha has left the deepest impression on the author probably because of her _______. A. good humor B. technical skills C. language talent D. loud laughing 6. What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A. Speaking English or Russian is a must for the ISS astronauts. B. All the ISS astronauts have to be able to speak three languages. C. European and Japanese astronauts are not good at communication. D. There are language workshops on the International Space Station. 7. Which of the following can best describe Terry? A. He is competitive and defensive. B. He is a perfect leader. C. He is the most experienced man at the ISS. D. He is just a little bit bossy. C On September 9, 2024, Apple released its latest iPhone 16 series at an event called “It’s Glowtime”. At the event, Tim Cook, the company’s CEO, played up the promise of the phones’ AI features in a pre-recorded video. Indeed, the demonstration seemed impressive. When Cook pointed the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri could tell him what was on the menu. It also could answer his questions fairly well and learn about the users from their interactions with their devices. For instance, Siri could know if a user’s mother was calling and acted appropriately. Apple is one of many firms that want to take AI beyond huge data centres, known as the cloud, and run it on smaller devices, known as the edge. Samsung, Apple’s major competitor, launched its Galaxy S24 with some AI features earlier this year. So did Microsoft, which has launched Windows PCs designed for AI. But their efforts have shown that it is not easy to shift cloud-based AI models to the edge devices. At present, cloud-based AI models are mostly trained on graphics processing units (GPUs) that consume so much energy that it can take a nuclear-power plant to fuel them. They also need huge amounts of memory and data. All these can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Even once they are trained, running these AI models is costly. According to one estimate, it costs OpenAI, the maker of ChatGPT, 36 cents every time someone asks its AI model a question. Companies are experimenting with various solutions to these problems. Apple will offer on-device AI to deal with the easiest tasks, but send trickier problems to the firm’s private cloud. The service will direct the most difficult requests to third-party models such as ChatGPT. But even such smaller on-device AI models require a lot of computing power to run, which puts huge stress on the edge devices’ batteries. “Making the technology work could not only start a supercycle in device sales, but also create new opportunities for apps and digital advertising,” says Neil Shah of Counterpoint, a research firm. “But for the moment, edge devices are barely ready for basic functions, let alone Glowtime.” 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A The Glowtime event. B. iPhone 16’s AI features. C. Tim Cook’s performance. D. The future of AI phones. 9. Why are Samsung and Microsoft mentioned in the text? A. To tell readers how bad competition can be. B. To warn Apple of the potential consequences. C. To compare their newly released edge devices. D. To show how hard it is to apply AI to edge devices. 10. What is the problem with cloud-based AI models? A. OpenAI charges too much money. B. All of them have to be trained on GPUs. C It is too expensive to train and run them. D. They can only deal with the easiest tasks. 11. What does Neil Shah most probably imply? A. iPhone 16 is bound to disappoint its users. B AI phones’ success will depend on new apps. C. Sales of AI phones will increase greatly soon. D. Tim Cook was not honest with the AI features. D The Greek philosopher Heraclitus taught that you can’t step into the same river twice, for you aren’t the same person at each visit, and the water is ever flowing. It is a powerful way to represent the reality that everything is always changing. Yet so many of us have difficulty adapting to change. We deny it, resist it or attempt to control it, the result of which is almost always some combination of stress, anxiety and burnout. It doesn’t have to be that way. No doubt, change can, and often does, hurt. But with the right mind-set, it can also be a force for growth. It’s not as if we have any choice in the matter. Like it or not, life is change. We’d be wise to shift our position from useless resistance to being in conversation with change instead. A concept called allostasis can help. Developed in the late 1980s by Peter Sterling and Joseph Eyer, allostasis is defined as “stability through change”. In other words, the way to stay stable through the process of change is by changing, at least to some extent. From neuroscience to pain science and psychology, allostasis has become the standard model for understanding change in the scientific community. The brain is at its best when it is constantly making new connections. Overcoming pain, be it physical or psychological, is not about resistance (which often worsens the experience) or trying to get back to where you were before a distressing event or situation. It’s about balancing acceptance with problem-solving and moving forward to a new normal. Yet this concept is still little known to ordinary people and it is time to start practicing it now. Over the past few years, the river of change has been flowing mercilessly, and it shows no signs of letting up. Hardly a decade after the widespread adoption of social media, a new technology that may be far more powerful, artificial intelligence, is being widely used. It’s like what our friend Heraclitus advised: Take part in change by focusing on what we can control and trying to let go of what we can’t. Our ability to work with these changes is directly related to our life satisfaction. 12. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. We could have a right mind-set. B. Philosophy exists everywhere. C. Some people are wiser than others. D. Change is unavoidable in life. 13. How should we deal with changes according to the author? A. Ignore them. B. Participate in them. C. Fight against them. D. Put them under control. 14. What does the underlined phrase “letting up” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Slowing down. B. Setting off. C. Marching on. D. Pulling in. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Why Can’t We Adapt to Changes in Life? B. How Can We Increase Our Life Satisfaction? C. Let’s Transform Our Relationship With Change D. Try to Help the Public to Understand Allostasis 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Here’s the bad news: misunderstanding about masculinity (男子汉气概) is hurting males and making it hard for them to maintain friendships.____16____. They listen to each other. They read each other’s emotions. However, they tend to hide their true feelings in their late teenage because society expects them to be tough. ____17____. Don’t blame yourself. You are a product of a society that expects very particular things of masculinity. So stop blaming yourself. ____18____. If you accept your own desire for close relationship in your life, you will find the friendship. Get involved at tough moments. Boys sometimes are worried whether they might appear too curious about their friends’ private matters. ____19____. But if you get involved at such moments, you will open the door to all kinds of growth in your relationship. So take the opportunity to show them that they matter by following up. ____20____. Researchers say that the No.1 thing that helps children (especially boys) grow up to have enriching friendships is to be close with adult relatives who are not afraid to express their emotions. So, if you have expressive grownup relatives, try to be close to them. They can serve as role models for you to show your true feelings in a better way. A. Look at masculinity critically B. So here is what they should do C. Get close to expressive adults in your life D. You need to face something really disturbing E. Instead, focus on undoing hurtful and restricting belief systems F. It is especially true when their friends are sharing something tough G. The good news is that boys are born caring and loving, just as girls do 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Children are not often invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会). But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a (n) ___21___ question about climate change. “We children know that adults are ___22___ the climate challenges and that they have the solutions,” he said. “But we don’t understand why there is so little ___23___.” Before his speech, Finkbeiner had been ___24___ a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since ___25___ into a global network of children working to ___26___ the earth’s warming by reforesting the planet. Most of them are between the ages 9 and 12. The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school ___27___ in Finkbeiner’s hometown. The topic was climate change. In his report, Finkbeiner ___28___ to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner’s teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to ___29___ his report to other students and the headmaster. Of course, no one ___30___ anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. His campaign was a ___31___ and had a dramatic close. By the time he delivered his ___32___ at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree. “If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would ___33___,” he says now, a little ___34___, “I would have insisted my mother buy a more ___35___ one.” 21. A. easy B. political C. serious D. awkward 22. A. aware of B. addicted to C. afraid of D. curious about 23. A. profit B. action C. water D. luck 24. A. avoiding B. planning C. advertising D. leading 25. A. expanded B. broken C. run D. looked 26. A. record B. know C. slow D. measure 27. A. play B. assignment C. accident D. object 28. A. declined B. pretended C. started D. promised 29. A. mail B. donate C. present D. sell 30. A. wanted B. expected C. asked D. needed 31. A. disaster B. joke C. show D. hit 32. A. speech B. tree C. evidence D. package 33. A. receive B. miss C. know D. grow 34. A. forgetfully B. unwillingly C. restlessly D. regretfully 35. A. typical B. impressive C. genuine D. important 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 21- year- old Olympic champion Zheng Qinwen made history as the first Asian player to win an Olympic singles title by ____36____（defeat）Croatia’s Donna Vekic in the final match in Paris on Saturday. It was the first singles medal for China in tennis since the sport returned to the Olympics in 1988. Zheng expressed her thanks to her two coaches, Xia Xiyao and Yu Liqiao, both of ____37____ previously coached Li Na. ____38____（Zheng）first coach was Xia Xiyao. After training under Xia for a year, she ____39____（send）to Yu Liqiao. Known for her strict and tough coaching style, Yu was famously demanding. Zheng remarked that during her stay in Wuhan, Yu was the coach who contributed most significantly ____40____ her progress. Zheng also revealed the lengths her supportive parents went to during her early ____41____（year）to prepare for the victory. “My parents sacrificed a lot for me,” Zheng said. “When I was 12, my mum quit her job to support my tennis journey. When I was 14 ___42___ 15, my father sold our house to help me to ____43____（real）my tennis dream. My success is not just ____44____（I）; it’s also my parents’. They taught me how to stay ____45____（focus）on my dream. They always believed in me.” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，假期你去留学生Tom的家乡游玩时受到了他的热情款待。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示谢意； 2. 回忆难忘的瞬间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks again and I’m looking forward to seeing you in China soon! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emma comes from a remote village surrounded by mountains. Unlike her trendy classmates in New York who are addicted to such high- tech things as smartphones and social media, she prefers knitting(编织). Emma’s love for the traditional skill is deeply influenced by her mother, who can create all kinds of beautiful things with a pair of simple needles. Whenever she is free, she will sit down and start knitting all kinds of things for her children and neighbors. Whether it is a mini bag or a scarf, each item is a unique gift full of love and warmth. And they are deeply loved by the receivers. Her mother’s passion for knitting and generous spirit of helping others have inspired Emma to follow in her footsteps and she has taken up knitting as a hobby, too. By the age of 14, Emma has become especially good at making scarves and gloves. With beauty and practicality, Emma’s hand- made gifts never fail to impress her friends as well as her relatives. Last week, the city was hit by a heavy snowstorm, which left many, particularly the homeless, in a desperate situation. As Emma made her way to school, she noticed a man shaking under the bridge near her school. It was a homeless man she often saw on the route. But today he looked particularly miserable(可怜的). His face was half- hidden under a piece of worn cloth that hardly served as protection against the cold. Touched by the sight, Emma approached the man and presented her scarf to the homeless man. “For me, Miss?” asked the man in surprise. “It is too expensive!” “Please don’t mind it. I have made it for myself and I can make another one in a few days!” Emma replied while she was wrapping the scarf around the poor man’s neck. “I hope it might keep you away from the terrible cold.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Instantly, the man’s eyes brightened and a big smile appeared on his face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emma shared the idea of setting up a knitting club with some of her “high- tech” classmates. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1～5ACABC 6～10 ACBBA 11～15CCBAB 16～20 ABCCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $