Unit 3 Family Matters Using language Tense 时态 复习课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit3 Family Matters Period 3 Using Language --Grammar: Review tenses 目 录 1．一般现在时 2．一般过去时 3．一般将来时 4. 现在进行时 5. 现在完成时 1. be currently taking place ___________________ 2. be certain to take place _____________________ 3. happen regularly______________________ 当前正在发生 一定会发生 经常发生 Task1 单词互译 扫清生词 Tense ? 1、什么是时态？ 2、时态的核心是什么？ 我昨天吃米饭。 I ate rice yesterday. 我今天吃米饭。 I eat rice today. 我明天吃米饭。 I will eat rice tomorrow. Lead in Task1: Look at the sentences from the reading passage. Decide which tense each is in and match the tenses to what they describe. 教材P38 Review: tenses 1 Something that started in the past and is affecting the present. 2 Something that is currently taking place. 3 Something that is certain to take place in the future. 4 Something that was completed in the past. 5 Something that happens regularly in the present. a Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess. b Lawyers help people and are respected by others. c …you said that you wanted to be a professional football player. d … you have found the career that suits your talents. e …you will have two options for your future. Task2: Now match the sentences to the correct timelines and find more examples of these tenses in the reading passage. a Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess. b Lawyers help people and are respected by others. c …you said that you wanted to be a professional football player. d …you have found the career that suits your talents e … you will have two options for your future. 1．一般现在时 形式：主语+ +表语 主语+ +（宾语） am/is/are I 用 ，you用 ， 搭配 她（she）他（he）它（it） 单数用 ，复数用 如何判断三单：非I非you非复数 v-原形/v-三单 动词的三单变化规则： 1. 一般情况加s 2. 以s、sh、ch、x、o结尾的加es 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y 为i，再加es 4. 以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加s 5. 特殊：have变has Task3：理清各时态的用法 1．一般现在时 用法： (1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状 态、特征, 句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语。 eg He (go) to school every day. (经常性动作) He (be) very happy. (现在的状态) goes is (2) 表示按计划、规定要发生的动作, (句中都带有时间状语) 但限于少数动词。如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。 eg The train (start) at nine in the morning. (3) 表示客观真实或普遍真理。 eg Guangzhou (lie) in the south of China. 广州位于中国的南方。 eg Light (travel) faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 starts travels lies (4) 书报的标题, 小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 eg Xi (meet) journalists. (5) 在时间状语从句和 从句中, 用现在时代替将来时。 eg If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. meets 条件状语 （1） Henry always _______ （sleep） with the windows open. （2） This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers_______ （carry） special significance. （3） I learned that the earth_____ （go） around the sun when I was in primary school. （4） They will come if the lady _______ （invite） them. 导学案练习： Exercise sleeps carries goes invites 2. 一般过去时 形式：主语+ +表语 主语+ +（宾语） was/ were 动词过去式 动词的规则变化 举例 直接+-ed work-worked； cook-cooked 以e结尾，直接加-d dance-danced；taste-tasted 辅音字母+y结尾，y变i+ed study-studied； cry-cried 元音字母+y结尾，直接+ed play-played； stay-stayed 动词词尾含有l，l可以双写也可以不双写，再加-ed control；quarrel；travel；cancel；dial 动词词尾重读音闭节，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写该字母再加-ed prefer；refer；infer；admit；permit；regretequip； occur；step；stop；beg；drop；hug；plan；pat； rob；stop；fit；jog ；shop；skip drag；spot；stop 2. 一般过去时 用法： (1) 表示 某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。常与yesterday, last+ 时间，before，ago，in the past, the other day 等表示过去的时间连用。 eg He (see) Mr. Wang yesterday. He (work) in a factory in 1986. 过去 worked saw (2) 表示 经常发生的动作(也可用“used to”或“would+动词原形”代替)。 eg During the vacation I often swam /would swim in the sea. I used to (smoke). 注意: used to表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去 smoke 导学案练习： Exercise （1） The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,_______ （form） the core collection of the British Museum, which opened in 1759. （2） What impressed me most was that the businessman _______ （want） to help people in need. （3） The backpackers shared many experiences and _____________（recommend） wonderful places to go. formed wanted recommended 3. 一般将来时 形式：主语+ +表语 主语+ 主语+ 主语+ 主语+ will be will/shall +动原 be (am/ is/ are) + going to do be (am/ is/ are) + about to do be (am/ is/ are) + to do 有迹象表明要做某事 马上要做某事 按计划、约定要发生的动作 3. 一般将来时 用法：一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。 (1) 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示 的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, next week, in the future等。 eg My brother (come) tomorrow. 将来 will come (2) “ +动词原形”, 表示即将发生的或最近打算进行、有迹象表明要做事。 eg It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today. (3) “ +动词原形”表示正要做某事、即将做某事。一般不与具体的时间状语连用。 eg The plane is about to leave. be going to be about to (4) “be to+动词原形”表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的事，或征求对方意见, 也可以表示命令、禁止等。 eg Who is to clean the classroom today? Are we to go on with this work? 导学案练习： Exercise （1） We ______________ （leave） for Beijing next Monday. （2） I am afraid there____________ （be） a meeting tomorrow. I can't join you. （3） If you turn to Xiaoming, he _________ （help）you. （4） I feel terrible. I think I __________ （go） to be ill. shall/will leave will be will help am going to 4. 现在进行时 (1) 表示说话时正在进行的动作。常与now, right now, at present, at moment等时间状语及look, listen等标志词连用。 eg We (have) an English class now. (2) 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。常用的动词有go, come, leave, arrive, begin, stop等。 eg My sister (come) back from Beijing. am/is/are doing（现在分词） are having is coming 形式：主语+ 用法： 另外“系动词+介词或副词”也表示进行时的意义。 eg The bridge is under construction. (3) 与always, constantly等连用, 表示感情色彩。 eg He is always helping others. (4) 表示现阶段正在进行而此时不一定正在进行的动作。 eg He (come) a book these days. is writing 注意：下列动词不宜用进行时 ① 感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear等； ② 感情类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear等； ③ 所有类：have, contain, own, hold, belong to等。 补充: 过去进行时 形式：主语+ 用法： was/were+ doing（现在分词） 1.过去进行时表示 某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等 eg We (watch) TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我 were watching 导学案练习： Exercise （1） These days we___________ （help） the farmers work on the farm. （2） Lily__________ （leave） tonight. we had better send her off. （3） Listen! Our English teacher__________ （sing） the popular English song. (4) We (have) English class at this time yesterday. (5) My moom (do) some cooking at that time, so didn't hear me. are helping is leaving is singing were having was doing 5. 现在完成时 形式：主语+ 主语(三单)+ 用法： (1) “已完成”。 表示的动作在说话之前已完成, 而对现在有影响, 句中没有具体时间状语。常与already, just, yet, before, so far, every, once等连用。 eg We (receive) a letter from him recently. have+过去分词 has+过去分词 have received (2) “未完成”。 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去, 持续到现在, 也许还会持续下去。常与表示一段时间的状语for..., since..., so far, in the past / last few years, up to now等连用。 eg He (study) English for 5 years. He (study) English since 2014. has studied has studied 注意: 表示短暂时间动作的词, 如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的词连用。 (3) 还可用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来某时完成的动作, 强调此动作先于主句动作发生。 eg I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework. Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 补充: 过去完成时 形式：主语+ 用法： (1) “过去的过去”。 表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。 When we got to the cinema, the film （begine）. 当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。 He told me that he （visit) the Great Wall before.他告诉我他以前参观过长城。 had+过去分词 had begun had visited 导学案练习： Exercise （1） I'm sorry. I ______________（forget） your name. （2） He__________ （teach） in this school since 2023. （3） I__________ （read） this book these days. （4） China's high-speed railways____________ （grow） from 9,000 to 45,000 kilometers in the past few years. (5) I thought I            (hand) in my project report, but the manager said he didn't see it at all. (6) I realized that I _________(leave) the key inside after I locked the door. have forgotten have taught have read have grown had handed had left 时态的比较 一般过去时与现在完成时 一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，不涉及对现在的影响； 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的状况。 eg We talked for hours on the phone. The ship has sailed for two weeks. 时态 谓语动词形式/结构 时间标志词 完成下列表格： Summary Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the words and expressions in brackets. Exercise 教材 7. ______________________对……负责 8. draw ______________the guest list 拟定客人名单 9. have___________ fantastic holiday 度过一个美妙 10. ______________________去露营 11. take a photo______________________ 12. ______________________时间过得真快啊！ be responsible for up a go camping 拍照 How time flies! Dad: Adam, Sally, come here. Mum (1) ______ (have) something to tell you. Adam: Coming! Sally: Coming! Mum: I (2) ______ (call) Grandma yesterday and invited her to our house this Sunday. We (3) _________________ (throw) her a big birthday party! So, we each need to choose a present. Adam: I know—I (4) ________ (give) her a new tea set. She (5) ______ (like) drinking tea! has called are going to throw will give likes are going to give will throw Mum: Good choice. What about you, Sally? Sally: I (6) ________________ (think of) making a scarf for her. Mum: Good idea. I’m sure Grandma (7) ________ (love) it. Oh, (8) ________ you (9) ________ (finish) the guest list yet, dear? Dad: Yes, I have, and I am working on the invitations. Mum: OK. So we still need to prepare food and drinks. I’ll make a checklist. am thinking of will love have finished Look at the checklist for Grandma’s birthday party and talk about the preparations. Use as many of the tenses in Activity 1 as possible. Preparation Who is responsible? Done Ongoing To do choose presents for Grandma Everyone √ draw up the guest list on Wednesday Dad √ make invitations Dad √ prepare food and drinks on Sunday morning Mum √ They have decided to throw a birthday party to celebrate Grandma’s birthday… Thanks ！ $$