Unit 1 Knowing me，knowing you-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 1　Knowing me，knowing you 必修第三册 (主题语境：人与社会——人际关系) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 accident n．[C]&[U]意外事件，偶然因素；[C]事故 　by accident 偶然，意外地 四级词汇 apart adv. 分开，分离；相隔地，相距地；零散地，成碎片地 　apart from 除……外(别无)，若不是；除……外(尚有) breath n. [C]&[U]呼出的气；气息(v. breathe) 　take a deep breath 深吸一口气 　hold one's breath 屏息，憋住气 　out of breath 上气不接下气 　take one's breath away 令某人惊叹 concern n. [U]忧虑，担心；关心；[C]担心的事，关心的事(adj. concerned) vt. 关于，与……有关；使担心 　be concerned about 为……担忧，对……关切 　as far as...be concerned 就……而言，关于 duty n. [C][用复数](工作)职责，任务；[C]&[U](道德或法律上的)责任，义务；[U]值班 　do one's duty 尽自己的责任 　on/off duty 值/下班，值/不值勤 fault n. [U]责任，过错；[C]缺点，缺陷，故障 vt. 找……的缺点，指责，挑剔 　at fault 有责任；有错 　find fault (with) 找茬儿，抱怨，挑剔 forgive (forgave，forgiven) vt. 原谅，宽恕 　forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事 　forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事 independent adj. 独立的，自主的(depend，dependence，dependent，independence，independently) signal n. [C]信号；暗号(sign)，信号灯 vi.& vt. 发信号，示意 vt. 表明，标志着 tear n. [C][常用复数]眼泪，泪水 vt.& vi. 扯(破)，(被)撕开，(被)撕碎 vt. 撕掉 　burst into tears 突然放声大哭 　in tears 流着泪，含着泪 *web n. [C]蜘蛛网；网状物；错综复杂的事物；网络 三级词汇 adjust vi.& vt. 适应， (使)习惯(n. adjustment；近adapt) vt. 调整，调节 　adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth. (使自己)习惯于(做)某事 criticise vi.& vt. 批评，指责(n. criticism；反praise) vt. 评价，评论(艺术作品等) ensure vt. 确保，保证(make sure) fence n. [C]栅栏，围栏，篱笆 vt. 把……用栅栏/篱笆围住；(筑栅)防护；隔开 sink(sank，sunk)vi.& vt. (使)下沉，使(船)沉没 vi. (高度)下降；倒下，坐下；消沉，陷入；降低，减弱 strategy n. [C]策略，计谋；行动计划；[C]&[U]战略，战略部署；[U]策划，规划(adj. strategic) 二级词汇 annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的(v. annoy) core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)；基础的 n. [C]果核；核心；最重要的部分 embarrassment n. [U]尴尬，难为情；[C]使人为难的人/事(embarrassed，embarrassing) *latter n. [与the连用]后者 adj. [只用于名词前](两者中)后者的，后面的 the former...the latter... 前者……后者…… *lip n. [C](嘴)唇；边沿 loose adj. 控制不严的；松的，宽松的；松散的；自由的，不严谨的 　loose lips sink ships 祸从口出，言多必失 moreover adv. [句子副词][正式用语]此外，而且(in addition/furthermore) resolve vt. 解决(问题、困难)(settle) vt.& vi. [正式用语]决心，决定 n. [U]决心，坚定的信念(resolution) 　resolve a conflict/an issue/difficulties 解决冲突/解决问题/解决难题 　resolve to do sth. 决心做某事 steam n. [U]蒸汽，水蒸气 vi. 散发蒸汽 vt. 蒸(食物) 一级词汇 *agony n. [C]&[U]痛楚，苦难 　agony aunt 知心阿姨 boxing n. [U]拳击(运动) complexity n. [U]&[C]复杂性，错综复杂(的事物)(adj. complex) frank adj. 坦率的，直言不讳的，坦诚的(adv. frankly) 　to be frank 坦白说，直率地说 justify vt. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护；对……作出解释(adj. just) 　justify (sb./sth.)doing sth. 证明(某人/物)做某事正确/正当 ◆背核心短语 1．in a mess乱七八糟；陷入困境；混乱；杂乱 2．help out帮一把 3．let down使失望，辜负 4．let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 5．be angry with sb.生某人的气 6．be sure to do sth.一定会做某事 7．apologise to sb.向某人道歉 8．move on继续前进 9．take a breath吸一口气 10．pull one's weight做好分内事，尽责 11．by accident偶然，意外地 12．tell a lie/lies撒谎 13．protect...from...保护……免受…… 14．tell the truth说实话 15．to...extent到……程度，在……程度上 16．hide...from...向……隐瞒…… ◆背单元语块 1．fit in with与某人相处融洽，适应 2．turn to sb. for help向某人寻求帮助 3．be crazy about...对……着迷 4．lose the match输掉比赛 5．concentrate on集中精力于 6．loose lips sink ships祸从口出 7．cause trouble造成麻烦 8．resolve conflicts解决矛盾 9．calm down平静下来，冷静下来 10．raise one's concerns with sb.向某人提出自己的担心 11．hide one's tears偷偷擦掉眼泪 12．ask for one's advice征求某人的意见 13．in advance提前 ◆句式表达 1．句式：which引导非限制性定语从句；why引导表语从句 I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. 我非常热爱篮球，也非常擅长打篮球，或许是由于这个原因，当我们输了上场比赛之后我特别生气。 2．句式：过去分词短语作状语 Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. 我对他的行为感到失望，就把这些都告诉了我最好的朋友。 3．句式：续写佳句之情绪描写(形容词短语作状语) Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything. 我感到既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。 4．句式：过去分词短语作状语；“疑问词＋ever”引导宾语从句 Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. 满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。 5．句式：It is＋过去分词＋ that... It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people's lives. 人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。 6．句式：every time引导时间状语从句 Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. 也许你称之为“美味”的那顿饭会在你每次到访的时候端上来。 单元基础默写 第一组　核心单词 1．a warning ____________ 警告信号 2．a sense of ____________ 责任感 3．a traffic ____________ 交通事故 4．____________ his success 保证他的成功 5．____________ her for what she did 原谅她做的事 6．____________ the manager 指责经理 7．leave the room in ____________ 哭着离开房间 signal duty accident ensure forgive criticise tears 第二组　拓展词汇 1．fault n．责任，过错→____________ adj.有错误的，有缺点的 2．breath n．呼出的气→____________ v．呼吸 3．concern n．忧虑，担心 v．使担心，涉及，影响 →____________ adj.关注的，担心的，忧虑的→____________ prep.关于；涉及 4．annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼→____________ adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→____________ adj.令人生气的 faulty breathe concerned concerning annoyed annoying 5．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯；调整→____________ n．适应；调整，调节 6．complex adj.复杂的→____________ n．复杂性，错综复杂 7．embarrass v．使尴尬，使窘迫→_____________ n．尴尬，难为情→____________ adj.感到尴尬的→____________ adj.令人尴尬的 8．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→____________ adv.坦率地，直率地 9．independent adj.独立的→____________ n．独立 adjustment complexity embarrassment embarrassed embarrassing frankly independence 第三组　重点短语 1．________________ 乱七八糟；陷入困境；混乱；杂乱 2．________________ 帮一把 3．________________ 使失望，辜负 4．________________ 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 5．________________ 生某人的气 6．________________ 一定会做某事 7．________________ 向某人道歉 in a mess help out let down let off steam be angry with sb. be sure to do sth. apologise to sb. 8．________________ 继续前进 9．________________ 做好分内事，尽责 10．________________ 撒谎 11．________________ 保护……免受…… 12．________________ 说实话 13．________________ 偶然，意外地 14．________________ 到……程度，在……程度上 15．________________ 向……隐瞒…… move on pull one's weight tell a lie/lies protect...from... tell the truth by accident to...extent hide...from... 第四组　课文佳句 1．________________________________， I can't concentrate on anything.我感到既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。(形容词短语作状语) 2．________________________ EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people's lives.人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。(It is believed that...) Embarrassed and ashamed It is believed that 3．One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is ________________________________.(人们)说善意谎言的主要原因之一是尽量让他人感觉好点。(不定式作表语) to try to make others feel better 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)One of the easiest low-impact solar ____________ (strategy) is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which would ____________ (loose) legal protections and allow them to be hunted. strategies loosen 3．(2022·全国甲卷)Oceans are “the lungs of our planet”， providing most of the oxygen we ____________ (breath). 4．(2021·浙江卷)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or ____________ (annoy), you may be onto something. 5．You can choose to forgive someone who has hurt you even if they do not deserve or ask for ____________ (forgive). breathe annoyed forgiveness Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．Penicillin ________________________________ (偶然被发现), which went well beyond the researchers' expectations. 2．We should ______________________________________________ (保护我们的环境免遭污染) so that our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life. was discovered by accident protect our environment from being polluted 3．It was Mr. Smith who ____________________ (帮我摆脱困境). Without his help, I couldn't have managed it so easily. 4．If you don't bring a birthday present to Lucy，you may ____________ (让她失望). 5．Don't ________________________ (生我们的气). We could have eaten out with you together，but we were busy with our final reports when you called in. helped me out let her down be angry with us Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．每次看这张照片，我都会想起我的快乐童年。 ________________________________， I always think of my happy childhood. 2．我们应尽力帮助我们热爱和尊重的人。 We should try our best to help ________________________________． Every time I look at the picture whomever we love and respect 3．人们普遍认为，具有优秀品质的人更有可能在职业生涯中取得成功。 ________________________________ people with good qualities are more likely to achieve success in their career. It is widely believed that 核心考点 互动探究 1.breath n．呼出的气 ①(译林选必三U2)We put on our spacesuits, which allow us ____________(breath) in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation. ②(2022·全国甲卷)It was a hot day. When we paused to ____________________ (歇口气), Steve got down on one knee. to breathe catch our breath ③(译林选必四U4)I ________________________ (深吸一口气) and carried on into the heart of the campus. Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. ④这个小男孩躲在门后面，屏住呼吸，唯恐被找到。(动作描写) Hiding behind the door, the little boy ____________________ for fear of being found. took a deep breath held his breath (1)hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 catch one's breath 缓一口气；歇口气 out of breath 上气不接下气 (2)breathe v．呼吸 breathe again/breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负，松了一口气 2.concern n．忧虑，担心；关心，挂念 v．忧虑，担心；关心；涉及 ①(北师必修第二册U4)Instead of having proper conversations with their friends, some people are only concerned ____________ their online popularity—How many “likes” did I get? ②____________ (concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class. with Concerned ③I'm writing to express my opinion ____________ (concern) Chinese customs, which is useful for you to pay a visit to a Chinese friend. ④(2022·全国乙卷)In my opinion, students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills. →________________________________，students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills. concerning As far as I am concerned (1)show/express concern about/for对……表示关心/担心 (2)concerned adj.担心的；关注的；相关的 be concerned about/for 担心……；关心…… be concerned with 关注/关切……；与……有关 (3)as far as...be concerned 就……而言 (4)concerning prep.关于；涉及 3.adjust v．适应，(使)习惯；调节，调整；整理 ①(译林选必二U4)One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting ____________ new inputs and performing tasks like humans. ②(译林选必四U2)You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make ____________(adjust) to your own tone and choice of words accordingly. to adjustments ③我知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，所以我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。(建议信) Knowing that you ___________________________________________ _____________________________， I'm writing to give you some advice, which I hope will be of help to you. have some difficulty in adjusting yourself to/adjusting to the new school life (1)adjust...to...调整……以适应…… adjust to...适应…… adjust (oneself) to (doing)...使(自己)适应于(做)…… (2)adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment to...对……做出调整 4.help out 帮一把 ①(北师必修第三册U9)It is true that we cannot help ____________ (dislike) some people—this is human nature, after all. ②(北师必修第二册U6)An 84-year-old Chinese woman began to talk about the life-saving drug, artemisinin, which she had discovered ____________ the help of her team in the 1970s. disliking with ③(北师必修第三册U8)Bicycles were hopeful that this would help ____________ (save) energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. ④在我感到特别无助的那段时间，是你帮我摆脱了困境。(感谢信) ________________________________________________ when I felt really helpless during that period of time.(强调句) to save It was you who helped me out of the trouble (1)help (sb.) (to) do sth.帮助(某人)做某事 help sb.with sth.在……方面帮助某人 (2)can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 can't help but do sth.不得不做某事 (3)help oneself (to sth.) 自取；自用 (4)with the help of 在……的帮助下 be of great help 非常有帮助 5.let down 使失望，辜负 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly，Ziyad let ____________ a sharp cry. ②(北师必修第一册U3)The greatest excitement began the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks were being let ____________ across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. out off ③(译林必修第一册U3)When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go ____________ our friendship. ④如果我能被录用为志愿者，我不会让你失望的。(申请信) If I'm admitted as a volunteer, I __________________________． of won't let you down let alone更不用说；更谈不上 let sb./sth. alone 不管/不干涉某人/某物 let off 释放；使(炸药等)爆炸 let out 使出去；放出；泄露；发出(声音) let go (of) 放手，松手，放开 let in 放进，让……进来 6.It＋be＋过去分词＋that... [教材原句]　It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people's lives.人们认为，在生活中，情商比智商扮演着更重要的角色。 ①(2022·全国乙卷)____________ is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. It ②(译林必修第二册U2)I discovered that tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang，which are believed ____________ (form) the unity of opposites. ③(译林选必二U2)The English language is full of idioms which are thought ________________________ (come) from football. to form to have come ④据说，中国剪纸在中国有1 500多年的历史。 →________________________________________________ more than 1，500 years in China. →________________________________________________________ more than 1，500 years in China. Chinese paper-cutting is said to have a history of It is said that Chinese paper-cutting has a history of “It is believed that...”意为“人们相信/认为……”，该句型可改写为“Sb./Sth.is/are believed to be/to do...”或“People believe that...”。类似的句型还有： It is said that... 据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is suggested that...有人建议…… It is thought that...人们认为…… It is known that...众所周知…… [名师点津]　在“Sb./Sth.is/are believed to be/to do...”句型中，不定式可用一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the ____________ (sink) of the Titanic by acting out a play，where I played all the parts. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories ____________ (accident) or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write. sinking accidentally 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)I assured him I would finish the project alone and that I wouldn't let him ____________． 4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)You can't help ____________ (wonder) how hard it was for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 5．Don't be afraid or ____________ (embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. 6．____________ (adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. down wondering embarrassed Adjusting 7．____________ (concern) about the health of her son, Mrs.Jackson went to school to visit him every week. 8．When first introduced to the market, the computer software was not a success due to its ____________ (complex) in operation. 9．When men let ____________ steam, they tend to shout; women, on the other hand, express their feelings by weeping. 10．In summer，fresh air is comfortable ____________ (breath) and natural scenery is pleasant to enjoy. Concerned complexity off to breathe 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.________ A.告知 B．发信号 C．表明，标志着 A 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.________ A．恶化 B．水槽，水池 C．沉没 B 3．When I made my major life decisions，I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn.________ A．眼泪，泪水 B．撕破 C．疾驰，飞跑 C 维度3　完成句子/词汇升级 1．每次我陷入困境向他求助，他都尽其所能帮助我。(every time引导时间状语从句) ________________________________________________，he will do everything in his power to help me out. Every time I get into trouble and turn to him 2．你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你所能做的一切都是有帮助的。(“疑问词＋-ever”引导名词性从句) Your support is very important to our work._____________________． 3．刻苦又认真，他很快取得了卓越的成绩，并一度成为热点人物。(形容词短语作状语) ________________________________，he quickly achieved remarkable results and at one point became a hit. Whatever you can do helps Hard-working and serious 4．人们相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。(It is＋过去分词＋that...) With these measures, ________________________ the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. 5．In my opinion, it is necessary for you to have a good rest，which will provide enough energy for you. →________________________________， it is necessary for you to have a good rest，which will provide enough energy for you. it is believed that As far as I'm concerned 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　应用文写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Jack， I know your mood from your letter and I understand your agony. In my opinion, friendship is nice but sometimes 1.____________ (让我们失望). The quarrel between friends is sometimes because 2.___________________ (祸从口出). In the circumstances, just give each other a time to calm down, don't3.___________________________ ________ (把过错都归咎于你们中的一方), and learn to 4.________________________________________________ (从内心深处原谅你的朋友). Besides, next time you meet, 5.________________________________ (主动释放出友好的信号), and 6.________________________________ (不要害怕尴尬). lets us down loose lips sink ships attribute all the faults to one of you forgive your friend from the bottom of your heart actively send a friendly signal don't be afraid of embarrassment I hope this email can be of some help to you, and you and your good friend can make up as before. Yours， Li Hua 提能2　读后续写微练 Step 1　储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 agony n．痛楚，苦难 concern n．忧虑，担心→concerned adj.担心的 annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的 embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情 tear n．眼泪，泪水 动作描写 help out 帮一把 take a breath 吸一口气 ensure v．确保，保证 forgive v．原谅，宽恕 criticise v．批评，指责 deceive v．欺骗 justify v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护 sink v．使(船)沉没；(心情)变得沉重；(情绪)变低落 resolve v．解决(问题、困难)；决心；决定 let down 使失望，辜负 let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 人物描写 frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的 independent adj.独立的 Step 2　续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段) 请从以上词汇中选择合适的词汇，完成下面语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 汤姆快速走出商店，既开心又担心。他担心会让妈妈失望，担心妈妈会生气。思虑再三，他决心把书归还商店。他深吸一口气，走进商店，尴尬地拿出书，说：“请原谅我没有付钱就拿走了这本书。”令他震惊的是，店主没有批评他，而是承诺把书送给他，条件是他在店里打两天工。一回到家，汤姆就把一切告诉了妈妈。妈妈拥抱住汤姆，流下了高兴的眼泪。 Tom walked out of the store quickly, 1._______________________. He was concerned that he would 2.___________________________ and his mother 3.________________________. Thinking twice, he resolved to return the book to the store. He 4.______________________， walked into the store and 5.____________________________________，saying “Please 6._________________________________________.” To his shock，the owner didn't criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days. happy and concerned let his mother down would be annoyed took a deep breath took out the book in embarrassment forgive me for taking the book without paying Upon arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom, 7._______________________________． tears of joy rolling down 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·湖南五市联考)Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the misunderstood overlap (交叠) between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋). There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25% of young people show symptoms of narcissism. We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction against approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. In my own research on strength-based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. Why does this occur? It's partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it. The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary (非此即彼的) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn't have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities. When we assume that strength-focus is the same as self-focus, we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others. It's easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I'd like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，人们对了解个人优势和自恋两者之间的区别认识不足，导致了误认为青少年的自信是自恋。作者解释了这一现象及其产生原因，并表明了自己的观点：优势教育是有益的。 2 3 1 4 1．Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with? A．To state all kids are potential narcissists is overstating the case. B．Strength-based parenting results in narcissism. C．It's unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves. D．Children knowing their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction”可以推知，作者认为不是所有的孩子都有成为自恋狂的可能，这样的说法是夸大其词。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 2．Why are teenagers' strengths often thought of as narcissism? A．Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors. B．There is a shortage of narcissism in our common sense. C．Academic journals report more on narcissism. D．The general public has fewer approaches to strengths psychology. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，青少年因优势产生的自信经常被误认为是自恋，产生这种现象的原因在于大众对自恋这个话题很喜欢而且很熟悉，而对优势心理学相对陌生，对其接触也比较少。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 3．What's the author's attitude toward young kids' strength-based approaches? A．Tolerant.　　　　　　　 B．Neutral. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually，more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others”以及最后一段的内容可知，知道自己长处的孩子有很多优势，由此可推知，作者对基于优势的教育方式是支持的。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A.Teens' Narcissism Diagnosis B．Teens' Misunderstood Confidence C.Teens' Strength-Based Approach D．Teens' Psychology Research 答案：B 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。分析文章结构可知，本文的第一段是中心段，其中第二句就是中心句。本文主要讨论了孩子们的自信很多时候被误认为自恋的问题。B项“青少年被误解的自信”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 B (2023·安徽六校联考)When romantic partners argue over things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University. Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation (调解) of interpersonal struggles.Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether the similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future.Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend.One group of participants was then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they felt in the present. The team examined participants' written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns such as I，me，she，he.These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict.Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies. The researchers found that envisioning (展望) future relationships affected both participants' focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies.As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationships altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationships a year into the future. “Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one's psychological happiness and relationship well-being，”said Huynh. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突。 5 6 7 8 5．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements? A．They lose faith in their future. B．They look forward to a fierce conflict. C．They focus on their present feelings. D．They care more about financial problems. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When romantic partners argue over things ...they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.”可知，伴侣在争吵的时候比较关注当前的感受，故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined word“induced”in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Explained. B．Caused. C．Reduced. D．Improved. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句中的the similar benefit指的是与上文中提到的reconciliation of interpersonal struggles相似的益处，上文中提到的益处是由third-perspective reasoning产生的，因此研究人员想知道simply thinking about the future是否也可以产生相似的效果。故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。 5 6 7 8 7．What do we know about the study? A．The reasoning strategies in participants' written responses were well worthy of note. B．Study participants described their recent relationships with their romance partners or friends. C．A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants' use of negative words. D．All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Written responses were also examined ...reasoning strategies.”可推知，参与者书面答复中暗含的推理策略同样值得关注，故A项正确。 5 6 7 8 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems! B．Beneficial Reasoning Is a Positive Strategy for Reconciliation! C．Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments! D．Thinking about Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance! 答案：D 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，此类文章的主题一般为研究结果。根据第一段中的“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo”可知，研究表明，展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突，故D项最适合作本文的标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·江苏南京质检)I joined the girls' tennis team in Grade 2.A freshman transferring from Britain also joined the team. But she was quickly 1 for her accent，which made her anxious and 2 ．Refusing to accept this unforgivable behavior，I 3 her，praising her accent and befriending her. This inoffensive (不冒犯人的) interaction had its root in the deep-seeded 4 from a previous situation where I failed to 5 and ultimately hurt an innocent girl. I met Catherine when I 6 survived my first year in America.Catherine made me feel 7 by greeting me with her thick but cheerful southern accent each morning. We quickly became best friends. However，it was short-lived.Catherine and I 8 to join the school drama club. Unfortunately，cruel gossips (流言) unfolded at Catherine's expense before the interview. Desperate not to be 9 ，I just stood by. Catherine would still greet me，her 10 not fading.Deeply buried in the 11 of “betraying” my friend，I couldn't forgive myself. Our relationship was 12 destroyed. I wish I could go back with the 13 to defend her，but I can't. I can，however, 14 to never give in to such fear. Courage isn't the absence of fear，but the 15 over it. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者刚到美国时，结识了好朋友Catherine。但当Catherine遭遇流言蜚语时，作者因害怕而没有支持Catherine，现在深感内疚。我们要有勇气战胜这种恐惧。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1．A.admired B．teased C．followed D．blamed 答案：B 根据下文的this unforgivable behavior和praising her accent可知，一种不可原谅的行为指的应该是“取笑她的口音”。 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 2．A.insecure B．excited C．relaxed D．jealous 答案：A 根据上文的anxious以及下文的this unforgivable behavior可知，此处也表示一种焦虑不安的心情。insecure“缺乏信心的；不安全的”；excited“激动的”；relaxed“放松的”；jealous“嫉妒的”。 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 13 14 15 3．A.analyzed B．affected C．approached D．accused 答案：C 根据下文的praising her accent and befriending her可知，与其他人不同，作者称赞她的口音，与她做好朋友，因此应该是接近她。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 4．A.gesture B．guilt C．pride D．eagerness 答案：B 根据下文的“Deeply buried in ...forgive myself.”可知，作者曾经历过愧疚。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 5．A.stay up B．give up C．cheer up D．stand up 答案：D 根据下文的“Unfortunately，cruel gossips ...just stood by.”可知，之前作者的朋友遭遇流言蜚语时，她并没有支持朋友。stay up“熬夜”；give up“放弃”；cheer up“(使)变得更高兴，振作起来”；stand up“支持”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 6．A.barely B．smoothly C．slowly D．totally 答案：A 根据下文的“greeting me with ...accent each morning.We quickly became best friends.”可知，作者第一年到美国时，生活应该不是很顺利。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 7．A.confused B．excited C．abandoned D．accepted 答案：D 根据下文的“We quickly became best friends.”可知，Catherine每天和作者打招呼让作者感觉自己被接纳、认可了。confused“困惑的”；excited“激动的”；abandoned“被抛弃的”；accepted“被认可的”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 8．A.applied B．happened C．agreed D．forgot 答案：A 根据空后的the school drama club可知，作者和Catherine申请加入学校戏剧俱乐部。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 9．A.inspired B．included C．rewarded D．remembered 答案：B 根据上文的“Catherine and I ...drama club.”可知，此处表示关于Catherine的残酷的流言蜚语在面试前被到处传播，而作者害怕被牵涉进去，因此对Catherine的事情袖手旁观。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 10．A.hope B．voice C．enthusiasm D．sympathy 答案：C 根据上文的“Catherine made me ...accent each morning.”可知，即使经历了不开心的事，Catherine一直跟作者打招呼，对作者很热情。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 11．A.shame B．depression C．trouble D．delight 答案：A 根据上文的“Catherine would still ...not fading.”以及本句中的“betraying” my friend可知，不开心的事情发生之后，Catherine对作者像往常一样热情，但作者觉得自己“背叛”了朋友，因此感到很羞愧。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 12．A.carefully B．especially C．hardly D．permanently 答案：D 根据上文的“I couldn't forgive myself”可知，作者不能原谅自己，觉得自己和Catherine的关系永远被破坏了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 13．A.desire B．challenge C．courage D．devotion 答案：C 根据上文的“Unfortunately，cruel gossips ...just stood by.”可知，作者之前为了不被牵涉其中，对Catherine的事情袖手旁观。如果作者想要支持Catherine，应该需要很大的勇气。下文中的“Courage”也是提示。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 14．A.arrange B．swear C．afford D．beg 答案：B 根据下文的“Courage isn't the ...over it.”可知，作者现在意识到，要有勇气战胜恐惧，所以此处指她发誓永不向恐惧屈服。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 15．A.advantage B．victory C．debate D．quarrel 答案：B 根据上文的“I can，however, ...such fear.”可知，作者会努力不向恐惧屈服，因此会战胜恐惧。victory意为“胜利，成功”。 $$