专题08 阅读理解之说明文15篇（浙江中考真题+名校模拟）-备战2025年中考英语语法+题型练习(中考真题+名校模拟)(浙江专用)

专题08 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江中考真题+名校模拟) （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember （2024·浙江·中考真题）Do you get in trouble for feeding your dog on food from dinner under the table? A new study suggests that by sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy. Many dogs are fed dry processed food. Science has shown that a diet (饮食) of processed food is not healthy for humans. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet is not good for our pet dogs, either. The scientists discovered that the food a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food leads to more variety (多样性) in microbes, which are little living things, too small to be seen with our eyes. There are millions of them in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us, and they play important roles in helping us digest (消化) food. A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what food they had fed their pets and how often. When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life. Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Dog food on sale is described as providing a complete diet. But what we show is that variety is important. Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?” 1．According to the new study, dog owners ________. A．must offer dry food to their dogs B．can feed dogs on “people food” C．had better buy more processed food D．shouldn’t make food by themselves 2．Paragraph 3 mainly explains why ________. A．dogs need different kinds of food B．little living things stay in human bodies C．scientists study dry processed food D．people should keep dogs at home 3．How does the writer describe the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable? A．By using pictures. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By listing numbers. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．History. B．Business. C．Science. D．Culture. （2024·浙江杭州·二模）Students usually go to school in different ways. In our school, most students get to school between 7:30 and 8:00 in the morning. Some arrive on foot, and some take the bus. However, eighty percent of the students arrive in their parents’ cars. The entrance (入口) to the school is crowded and dangerous. I think cars are the main problem. I think there are a few things we can do. First, we should encourage students to take the bus or walk to school. Taking the bus can help cut down air pollution. Walking is healthier, too. Next, what should parents do if their children have to come to school by car? I think their parents should park their cars far away from the school entrance. For example, they can park their cars at the end of the street. Finally, in my opinion, when parents park dangerously in front of the school entrance, they will be punished and have to pay some money—a fine. This way, they will be cautious and think twice before parking. In a word, cars are making it dangerous for students to enter the school safely. Therefore, encouraging students to walk to school, or asking parents to park away from the school gate could solve this problem. 1．How do most of the students go to school according to the text? A．On the bike. B．On the bus. C．On foot. D．In the car. 2．What does the underlined word “cautious” in the second paragraph mean? A．Thankful. B．Helpful. C．Careful. D．Different. 3．How many suggestions are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．How to solve the traffic problem at the school entrance. B．What makes students going to school more dangerous. C．How to encourage students to go to school on foot. D．When students get to and leave school every day. （2024·浙江温州·三模）Recently, “college students going to Zibo for barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train to taste Zibo barbecue” have become hot topics on Chinese social platforms. Zibo barbecue offers a distinctive dining experience. On each table is a small stove. Customers can process skewers (肉串) themselves and then wrap them in a thin pancake, usually with a spring onion inside. The experience makes “Zibo barbecue” quite different from other kinds of barbecue. Data (数据) from Meituan and Dazhong Dianping shows that booking volume (总量) for hotels in Zibo during the five-day May Day holiday is 800 percent higher than that in 2019. Local media in Zibo said the number of passengers arriving and leaving through Zibo railway station has reached 50,000 a day, setting a record in the past three years, with most of them being tourists who come to taste Zibo barbecue. The local government has caught the chance brought by the sudden trend, to attract more tourists. As early as March 10, it has set up prizes for barbecue shops that are popular among tourists, set up a barbecue organization, and announced the opening of a barbecue festival during the May Day holiday. In order to encourage people to visit the city, Zibo set up a specially customized “barbecue map”, and added 21 new barbecue bus lines, so that tourists can “get on the bus to rest, get off to eat”. “Barbecue and tourism may not have too much influence on stimulating the economy (刺激经济), but this is a chance for more people to get to know Zibo’s enthusiasm and business environment, which will attract more investment (投资) and create more jobs. This is what really matters,” Wang Dazhuang, a local Zibo citizen said. At present, the biggest problem is that the passenger flow is too big for this city so that many owners of barbecue restaurants are trying to expand (扩大) their barbecue business, according to an owner of a barbecue restaurant. 1．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean? A．delicious B．special C．great D．relaxing 2．What does the data show in Paragraph 2? A．Zibo has a huge tourism increase because of Zibo barbecue. B．Zibo has always been popular during the May Day holiday. C．Not many people went to Zibo until recently. D．Barbecue has become the symbol of Zibo. 3．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about? A．Why Zibo becomes so popular on the Internet so quickly. B．How Zibo has tried to develop the city tourism. C．Where visitors can taste the most delicious barbecue in Zibo. D．When is the best time to taste Zibo barbecue. 4．What is Wang Dazhuang’s attitude (态度) to the popularity of Zibo barbecue? A．worried. B．satisfied. C．doubtful. D．supportive （2024·浙江温州·三模）As your alarm clock rings, you slowly open one eye. It seems like it was only a few hours ago that you finished your homework. You close your eyes for just five more minutes, but then your mom knocks on the door. “Time to get up, or you’ll miss the bus!” she says. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone. According to a survey, nearly 60 percent of middle school students in the U. S. aren’t getting the recommended 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep a night. How does it happen? In fact, starting the school day too early can take away much-needed sleep from teenagers. Studies show that well-rested teenagers are more likely to get good grades and less likely to suffer from depression (抑郁). Besides, teenagers fall asleep later at night by nature. As a result, some students may only get as few as five hours of sleep. Many people have realised the importance of enough sleep. Schools in several states have changed to later start times in recent years. In New Jersey, a group of students have formed an organization called Later School Start Times. It wants local middle schools to start 30 minutes later. ▲ Many schools say later start times would create a number of problems. There’s a worry that some kids will walk back home in the dark if the school starts later. It will also leave teens with fewer hours for after-school activities and homework. That’s what Erin Isherwood, a parent from California, is worried about. “My son has an exercise class that he really loves at a gym right after school,” she says. “Now he can’t go.” Considering the advantages and disadvantages of later school start times, it seems a hard choice to make. The early bird catches the worm (虫子). But what if the bird is too sleepy and tired to catch one? 1．Why does the writer describe the situation in Paragraph 1? A．To show a teenager’s busy school life. B．To show a common problem for teenagers. C．To tell how hard it is to get up in the morning. D．To tell why teenagers get on badly with parents. 2．Why can’t most American students get enough sleep? ①The school starts too early.             ②They suffer from depression. ③They fall asleep later by nature.        ④They stay up late to get good grades. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 3．Which can be the best to fill in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5? A．And all the efforts have made a difference. B．And lots of parents shared the same opinion. C．But not everyone thinks school should start late. D．But few people take action to change the situation. 4．Which of the following might the writer agree on? A．Early school days can help kids develop hobbies. B．Early school days can cause more harm than good. C．Later school start times can cause safety problems. D．Later school start times can bring few advantages. （2024·浙江金华·二模）①As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts. However, we must be careful that we do not always jump into our own world. Social life is also important. ②As we live in social groups, there are many advantages of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us realise our dreams we are searching for. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans. ③The first fruit of friendship is a peaceful heart that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage. I Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. ④The second fruit of friendship is a wiser head that comes from friends’ different views. II We often find it easier to realize other people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements (评价) might be one-sided. On the other hand, our friends may be able to offer better advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Listening to their advice makes our thoughts clearer and more complete. This is also of great help to have better understanding and judgements. ⑤The third fruit of friendship is a more realizable dream that comes from the help of friends. On the way to dream, nobody is perfect and good at everything. It is hard to achieve success on our own. Ⅲ Many things in life need the help of friends. Because they may have many different ideas and skills, which makes our roads to success easier. ⑥Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the happiness of staying with a group of people is not the same as being with friends. IV Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way, we can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends. 1．What “fruits” can we pick from the “tree” of friendship? a. A wiser head. b.A peaceful heart. c. A successful life. d. A more realizable dream. A．abc B．abd C．bcd D．acd 2．Where can “Happiness is doubled when shared, trouble is halved when shared?” be placed? A．I B．II C．III D．IV 3．Which shows the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Happiness—Ordinary Life Path B．Advice—Good Friends Making C．Friendship—Close Social ties D．Success—Sweet Dream Fruit （2024·浙江·二模）Gever Tulley is a computer scientist from California. In 2005, he started a summer programme for children called Tinkering School. At Tinkering school, children can learn important skills for life by building things together. Children get all kinds of materials like wood, metal, plastic and ropes. They get lots of real tools too, such as knives, hammers and power drills. Some children have cut themselves when using a knife, or hurt their fingers when using a hammer. But nobody has ever suffered a serious injury in all those years. This is because there are strict rules they must follow. The children always learn how to use the tools safely and they must wear the right clothing and protection at all times. Gever Tulley’s ideas have worked very well. A lot of children have gone to his summer schools over the years. In 2011, Gever Tulley decided to create a‘real’school, called Brightworks, in San Francisco. The school is very small——it only has twenty students aged 6 to 13. Since it started, Brightworks has been written about a lot. Most of those articles have praised the quality of the school. They have found the children are more motivated (有动机的) than at many other schools. But still a few people have said that children are not learning enough at Brightworks. They feel that students and teachers are just ‘playing around’ all the time. The students at Brightworks seem to love their school. 12-year-old Tina Cooper has been a student at the school since last October. “Since I started here, I’ve never sat in a ‘normal’ class with a teacher,” she told us, “But it’s been a very exciting experience. I’ve worked hard at my new school for eight months now, and there hasn’t been one single moment when I found it boring. Before, I was bored quite often.” 1．What can children do at Tinkering School? A．Make computer programs. B．Learn some life skills. C．Read many science books D．Make school rules. 2．Why did Gever Tulley create Brightworks? A．To take in twenty students aged 6 to 13. B．To solve the local education problem. C．To get more money from the children. D．To continue his education plan. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Many people paid attention to the school. B．No bad comments were received at the beginning. C．People think the school is better than other schools. D．Children and teachers only played games at school. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Computer Scientist B．An Art School in Los Angeles C．An Education System in the US D．A School Making Real Things （2024·浙江台州·二模）Summer in Japan can be difficult. Temperatures often go above 30℃, and it’s also very wet. Of course, many buildings have air conditioners, but people do need to go outside sometimes. So how do Japanese people stay cool? While some use traditional fans, these days it’s common to see people carrying small handheld electric fans to keep themselves cool. One company has already made work jackets with electric fans inside to keep the wearer cool. And now another Japanese company has created an air conditioner that you can just wear around your waist. The “WearCool”, which was created by the company Gloture, is a belt that uses five small fans to blow cool air up the front and back of your body at up to 5 meters a second. The inside of the belt is also made of a material that takes in heat, so it’s comfortable to wear. The belt can be changed for different waist sizes too. And while Gloture’s pictures show models wearing the belt like a fashion accessory (配饰), you can actually wear it under your clothes. WearCool comes with a powerful battery that lets it be used without stopping for less than 17 hours, the company says. And you can change both the speed and the direction of the air f low by using an app which can be used in English or Japanese. WearCool is now available from Gloture’s online store and costs around $230. But will it become as popular as those handheld electric fans? So, don’t be afraid of the summer, we have many ways to keep cool! Just smile to the hot weather! 1．How many ways to keep cool are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about WearCool? A．It’s already on sale now. B．It can be only worn under the clothes C．It looks like a jacket with electric fans inside. D．It can be used without stopping for over 17 hours. 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards the popularity of WearCool? A．Disappointed. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Confident. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Ways of Staying Cool B．Different Air Conditioners in Japan C．The Fashion Accessory for Models D．An Air Conditioner that Looks like a Belt （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）What might two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a bicycle race with different sea animals as competitors? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can create videos up to a minute long from text prompts (提示词) in seconds. It was built by Open AI, the company behind the popular chatbot Chat GPT. Its CEO Sam Altman announced Sora's creation on February 16. Sora hasn’t been made available to the public yet. Open AI is asking experts to test it for possible risks. The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes their advice will help make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was one made by Runway. Its system, Gen-2, came out in March 2023. The videos it produced were short and often scary. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. At present, Sora model isn’t perfect, however, as it may not understand cause and effect (因果). “For example, a person might take a bite out of a cookie, but after that, the cookie may not have a bite mark,” Open AI says on its website. Sora may also mistake spatial (空间的) details, like mixing up left and right. In a video on the Open AI website, a man is seen running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They fear that AI-generated content could be misused. The Global Risks Report 2024 listed AI-generated misinformation as the biggest risk facing the world this year. In response, Open AI said that it's also building tools to let users know if a video was produced by Sora. Whatever the worries, with the development of technology, Sora could go much farther than we think. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Open AI. B．Runway. C．Sora. D．Chat GPT. 2．What can we learn about Sora from the passage? A．Sora can create videos without any prompts. B．Sora and Chat GPT are from different companies. C．Sora has already been open to the public. D．Sora can produce high quality videos. 3．What are the disadvantages of Sora? a. Sora may not understand cause and effect. b. Sora might take a bite out of a cookie. c. Sora can mistake spatial details. d. Sora-generated content could be misused. A．abc. B．acd. C．bcd. D．abd. 4．How might the writer feel about the future of Sora? A．Worried. B．Proud. C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful. （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）In 1993, Swedish psychologist (心理学家) K. Anders Ericsson set out to find the secret to turning a typical teen into a violin master. His answer? Practice: 10,000 hours of it. The reporter and writer Malcolm Gladwell even described it as “the magic number of greatness” in his 2008 book Outliers. The idea of “practice makes perfect” has been drilled (灌输) into the heads of youths since the Roman period. Anyone can be the next Albert Einstein, Kobe Bryant, or Taylor Swift as long as they can spend enough time doing the same thing. But can it be that simple? Not every expert agrees. While training is necessary to learning, spending much of your life trying something over and over doesn’t mean you’ll go professional, says Zach Hambrick, a psychologist at Michigan State University. Being great isn’t just about the quantity of work, he says, but also about the workers themselves. In reviewing different studies about the role of practice in music, games, sports, education, and professional success, Hambrick found that practicing time makes only about one-quarter of any noticeable (显而易见的) difference. Other reasons—like age, intelligence, and natural gifts—all played big roles in setting apart the better from the best. Genes (基因) mainly shape physical abilities and our mind. Height might be necessary for a basketball star, and a good voice could help you take the lead in singing. And no practice will make you taller or able to hit notes across every octave (八度). Plenty of piano playing will not make your fingers grow longer. Of course, this doesn’t mean we should all give up practicing, Hamorick says. Nobody is a born dancer or singer. But perfection in 10,000 hours? That is not sure. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 & 3? A．We can surely succeed if we keep trying. B．We may not succeed although we try a lot. C．We should always keep trying no matter what happens. D．We must give up all kinds of practice if we don’t succeed. 2．What does the underlined word “quantity” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．how much you work B．how often you work C．how fast you work D．how you work 3．How does the writer develop Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By telling stories. D．By giving examples. 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To warn readers to do more practice. B．To advise readers to depend on genes. C．To remind readers not to do much practice. D．To lead readers to rethink the meaning of practice. （2024·浙江杭州·二模）Some French education specialists recently put on a festival — “The Festival of Errors (错误)” in Paris to encourage children to make mistakes. Yes, it’s true! The experts were worried that young people in France were not creative enough. Since they believe that a school system that focuses on marks and grades will lower the ability of the kids to produce new ideas, the activities in the festival showed the participants (参加者) the wonder and pleasure of getting things wrong. Most people believe in success. In sport, politics and business, success is king. Our education systems are practicing the idea of encouraging people to be successful. We reward (奖励) success in exams, for example, with an offer to university. We reward success at university with a good job. People who do well in their jobs get higher positions, and so on. But there are reasons why we should value failure as well. The problem with the success model is that it is likely to praise safe behaviour. We follow the steps and rules. More importantly, it encourages people to hang on to old ideas. On the other hand, people who like to take risks; think creatively, and come up with new ideas are told they are failures. In a very fast-changing world, this is not good practice. Another point of view is provided by Dr Astro Teller who works for Google. He says that if you blame (责备) people for having good ideas, they will give up. His example is: imagine you send out a group of scouts (童子军) to a new land to find mountains to climb. They do their best to find one, but can’t. If you blame them when they come back, those scouts will give up. And what about learning a language? Sometimes you have to take risks, because otherwise it becomes difficult to communicate. If you’re trying to talk to a person, and they don’t understand you, then you have to find a different way of saying what you want to say! So making a mistake can mean you also make progress! 1．“The Festival of Errors” is put on to encourage children ______. A．to avoid mistakes B．to improve grades C．to correct mistakes D．to welcome mistakes 2．Which of the following might be the writer’s opinion? A．Go for better grades. B．Dare to take risks. C．Try your best to succeed. D．Follow steps and rules. 3．What does the example of the scouts in Paragraph 4 show? A．Blame will make people give up. B．We should try to take risks. C．Failures are as important as successes. D．Scouts usually give up easily. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Festival of Errors B．Success Is King C．Mistakes in Language D．Failure Is Everything （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）Cheng Yuyan, 25, the founder of the “We Love Strolling (散步) in the Park” interest group on Douban, never expected that the interest group would now have 100,000 members. Park lovers from both home and abroad share their park experiences, post photos taken in parks, and give likes and reviews of parks. Within this group, there is an idea called “20 minutes for parks”. It suggests that spending just 20 minutes in a park each day can help lower stress, no matter how you choose to spend that time. Huang Bingbing, a Shenzhen-based practitioner (实践者) of this idea, began visiting the small park downstairs from her company office during her weekday lunch breaks over three years ago. “On that piece of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals. It allowed me to get away from the stress of work and refresh my mind,” Huang explained. Huang believes that parks are private spaces. She considers herself a shy person, and parks serve as the perfect place for her. She often spends time alone in parks, free from worrying about the social communication. At the same time, parks also work as public spaces. Cheng believes people can further deepen their connection with parks by developing a sense of ownership. She recalls her experiences of visiting parks in Japan. She noticed that park benches (长椅), given away by local people, had their givers’ nameplates. She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to have similar responsibilities. “I hope this group shows more social responsibility. Each of us can become a protecter and contributor (贡献者) to the parks and our city,” she said. 1．Why do more and more people take walks in parks? A．To make friends. B．To take photos. C．To cut the stress. D．To study plants. 2．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “serve” in Paragragh 3? A．I want to find a job to serve the community. B．The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. C．The waiter smiled when he served the customers. D．In America, people serve food on plates, not in bowls. 3．What aspect (方面) of the Japanese parks made Cheng realize the social responsibility? A．The culture of the benches. B．The kinds of the plants. C．The activities at the parks. D．The number of the parks. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．As simple as a walk in parks B．An enjoyable trip to Japan C．As little as 20 minutes of walking D．A 20-minute break in the office （2024·浙江温州·三模）For thousands of years, humans have used names to communicate with one another. We also give names to our pets. Until now there has been few animals naming one another, but a new study suggests that elephants use certain noises to call other elephants. A few animals, including dolphins (海豚), use sounds that are similar to names. Each dolphin invents a special sound, and other members communicate with it by copying this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names. For the study, the researchers recorded 625 sounds made by wild African elephants in Kenya that they called “rumbles”. This is the most common kind of call produced by elephants, and it can travel as far as 3.7 miles. It takes place at a very low frequency (频率), which means humans can’t hear it. The scientists studied the sounds and found that some rumbles were directed at certain elephants to get their attention. They found that all the elephants in the group used the same call to get a certain elephant’s attention. Also, unlike the way dolphins communicate, the rumbles were not just imitations (模仿) of the elephants they were trying to communicate with. The researchers then played back some of the recorded rumbles to the elephants. They found that elephants responded more to their own name than to other calls. Caitlin, an elephant expert, said the study shows that elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area. She told Live Science, “It allows them to spread out much further and still communicate with each other.” 1．Why is the example of dolphins used in Paragraph 2? A．To explain why dolphins are so smart. B．To prove dolphins can invent a special sound. C．To compare with the way elephants use names. D．To show how dolphins communicate with others. 2．What can we learn about “rumbles”? A．Elephants usually make “rumbles”. B．Humans can hear “rumbles” easily. C．There are 625 kinds of “rumbles” in total. D．Dolphins make “rumbles” to communicate. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．The fact that elephants copy the sounds of other ones. B．The fact that elephants can communicate far and wide. C．The fact that elephants answer their names more often. D．The fact that elephants use the same call to get attention. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A．To explain how “rumbles” work properly. B．To describe the sounds of different animals. C．To introduce how elephants name each other. D．To call on more people to protect elephants. （2024·浙江金华·二模）“The red walls and green tiles (瓦) set each other off beautifully. It’s so Beijing,” said a 33-year-old Beijing person with the family name of Lin. Lin and her 14-year-old cousin were enjoying a city walk along the Beijing Central Axis (中轴线). On this walk, they saw most of the old city buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers. Since the show “Glory Is Back! Beijing (《登场了！北京中轴线》)” was shown in July, more and more people have become interested in the Central Axis. Some even travel on foot to know it better themselves. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the 7.8-kilometer-long Beijing Central Axis joined royal (皇家) palaces and marketplaces for common people in the past. Though time changes many things, the Central Axis has left a special feeling with many Chinese people. Chinese professor Lyu Zhou said that when he walked around the Bell and Drum Towers, he could find peace in the busy city life. At a square between the Bell Tower and the Drum Towers, you can see people relaxing, cycling and playing games and even celebrating life events. “This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow,” said a young couple who were taking wedding photos under the Bell and Drum Towers. A number of visitors from other parts of the world have been amazed by the Beijing Central Axis, too. The traveler Marco Polo (1254-1324), for example, wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis back in the Yuan Dynasty in The Travels of Marco Polo: “Up and down the city there are beautiful palaces… and fine houses in great numbers.” And Osvald Siren (1879-1966) from Sweden took many photos in Beijing back in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history. 1．Why does the writer mention a Beijing person named Lin in the first paragraph? A．To make a conversation. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support his opinion. D．To provide examples. 2．What can we know about the Central Axis from the passage? A．The Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers are along the Central Axis. B．The show “Glory Is Back! Beijing” has nothing to do with the Central Axis. C．The 7.8-meter-long Beijing Central Axis joined royal palaces and marketplaces in the past. D．Osvald Siren wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis. 3．How does the young couple probably feel about the Central Axis according to their words? A．Confident. B．Thankful. C．Disappointed. D．Sorry. 4．What’s the purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To call on us to remember Chinese history. B．To describe the beauty of the Bell and Drum Towers. C．To show that the Central Axis is known around the world. D．To ask foreigners to learn more about Beijing History. （2024·浙江台州·二模）Do you ever feel like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you rush from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, you may easily get lost in what you are doing or learning. It is important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you’ve been doing or learning. Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and calming yourself, including calming your mind. By being calm and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to look at the things it has already received. Some people prefer to do the self-reflection only in their mind. Others write notes.Either method works, depending on your own learning habits. Here are some tips on self-reflection in your study. Use natural breaks in your textbooks as chances to stop and reflect. School textbooks are often divided into chapters and units. This makes it easier for you to begin the process of self-reflection. Look for the times when you complete a unit of study in the subjects you are learning, such as math,social studies, science and art. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test or quiz. Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections. Sometimes just pausing (暂停) to think deeply allows your brain to make connections. Having lots of connections allows your brain to quickly retrieve information when you need it again. Next, think about things that you are unsure of. For example, maybe you learned about a certain body system, but you’re not sure how it works together with the other body systems. Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to look for answers the next time you are working with the same topic. Self-reflection is a very important skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now. 1．Why does the writer begin the passage with two questions? A．To ask readers for some tips about learning. B．To help readers get the main idea of the passage. C．To make readers interested in reading the passage. D．To get readers to think about things they are unsure of. 2．How many tips on self-reflection are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3．What does the underlined word “retrieve” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Store up. B．Get back. C．Look through. D．Pass down. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To suggest a new learning skill to students. B．To show students the importance of learning. C．To introduce a new school subject to students. D．To describe a special learning experience to students. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题08 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江中考真题+名校模拟) （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。 （2024·浙江·中考真题）Do you get in trouble for feeding your dog on food from dinner under the table? A new study suggests that by sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy. Many dogs are fed dry processed food. Science has shown that a diet (饮食) of processed food is not healthy for humans. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet is not good for our pet dogs, either. The scientists discovered that the food a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food leads to more variety (多样性) in microbes, which are little living things, too small to be seen with our eyes. There are millions of them in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us, and they play important roles in helping us digest (消化) food. A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what food they had fed their pets and how often. When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life. Dr. Anna Hielm Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Dog food on sale is described as providing a complete diet. But what we show is that variety is important. Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?” 1．According to the new study, dog owners ________. A．must offer dry food to their dogs B．can feed dogs on “people food” C．had better buy more processed food D．shouldn’t make food by themselves 2．Paragraph 3 mainly explains why ________. A．dogs need different kinds of food B．little living things stay in human bodies C．scientists study dry processed food D．people should keep dogs at home 3．How does the writer describe the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable? A．By using pictures. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By listing numbers. 4．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from? A．History. B．Business. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了一项研究发现，与仅喂食狗粮相比，给狗提供多样化的“人类食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并减少成年后患慢性肠胃不适症状的风险。 1．细节理解题。根据“A new study suggests that by sharing ‘people food’, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.”可知，根据新研究，狗主人可以给狗喂“人类食品”。故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据“The scientists discovered that the food a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. ... many are good for us, and they play important roles in helping us digest (消化) food.”可知，狗在主人家中找到的食物如鸡蛋、鱼、肉和蔬菜，可能比单一的狗粮更好，因为多样化的食物可以增加体内有益微生物的种类，有助于消化。由此推知本段解释了为什么狗需要吃多种类的食物。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study.”，“about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss”和“However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.”可知，作者通过列数字，使其研究更可信。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项研究发现，与仅喂食狗粮相比，给狗提供多样化的“人类食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并减少成年后患慢性肠胃不适症状的风险。由此推知，本文可能来自杂志的“科学”部分。故选C。 （2024·浙江杭州·二模）Students usually go to school in different ways. In our school, most students get to school between 7:30 and 8:00 in the morning. Some arrive on foot, and some take the bus. However, eighty percent of the students arrive in their parents’ cars. The entrance (入口) to the school is crowded and dangerous. I think cars are the main problem. I think there are a few things we can do. First, we should encourage students to take the bus or walk to school. Taking the bus can help cut down air pollution. Walking is healthier, too. Next, what should parents do if their children have to come to school by car? I think their parents should park their cars far away from the school entrance. For example, they can park their cars at the end of the street. Finally, in my opinion, when parents park dangerously in front of the school entrance, they will be punished and have to pay some money—a fine. This way, they will be cautious and think twice before parking. In a word, cars are making it dangerous for students to enter the school safely. Therefore, encouraging students to walk to school, or asking parents to park away from the school gate could solve this problem. 1．How do most of the students go to school according to the text? A．On the bike. B．On the bus. C．On foot. D．In the car. 2．What does the underlined word “cautious” in the second paragraph mean? A．Thankful. B．Helpful. C．Careful. D．Different. 3．How many suggestions are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 4．What does the text mainly tell us? A．How to solve the traffic problem at the school entrance. B．What makes students going to school more dangerous. C．How to encourage students to go to school on foot. D．When students get to and leave school every day. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何解决学校入口处的交通问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, eighty percent of the students arrive in their parents’ cars.”可知，大部分学生是坐父母的车上学。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“This way, they will be cautious and think twice before parking.”可知，划线词后提到了停车前要三思，因此划线词是“小心的，谨慎”，与careful同义。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“First, we should encourage students to take the bus or walk to school.”；“Next, what should parents do if their children have to come to school by car?”以及“Finally, in my opinion…they will be punished and have to pay some money—a fine.”可知，文章第二段提到了三条建议。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据“The entrance (入口) to the school is crowded and dangerous. I think cars are the main problem. I think there are a few things we can do.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何解决学校入口处的交通问题。故选A。 （2024·浙江温州·三模）Recently, “college students going to Zibo for barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train to taste Zibo barbecue” have become hot topics on Chinese social platforms. Zibo barbecue offers a distinctive dining experience. On each table is a small stove. Customers can process skewers (肉串) themselves and then wrap them in a thin pancake, usually with a spring onion inside. The experience makes “Zibo barbecue” quite different from other kinds of barbecue. Data (数据) from Meituan and Dazhong Dianping shows that booking volume (总量) for hotels in Zibo during the five-day May Day holiday is 800 percent higher than that in 2019. Local media in Zibo said the number of passengers arriving and leaving through Zibo railway station has reached 50,000 a day, setting a record in the past three years, with most of them being tourists who come to taste Zibo barbecue. The local government has caught the chance brought by the sudden trend, to attract more tourists. As early as March 10, it has set up prizes for barbecue shops that are popular among tourists, set up a barbecue organization, and announced the opening of a barbecue festival during the May Day holiday. In order to encourage people to visit the city, Zibo set up a specially customized “barbecue map”, and added 21 new barbecue bus lines, so that tourists can “get on the bus to rest, get off to eat”. “Barbecue and tourism may not have too much influence on stimulating the economy (刺激经济), but this is a chance for more people to get to know Zibo’s enthusiasm and business environment, which will attract more investment (投资) and create more jobs. This is what really matters,” Wang Dazhuang, a local Zibo citizen said. At present, the biggest problem is that the passenger flow is too big for this city so that many owners of barbecue restaurants are trying to expand (扩大) their barbecue business, according to an owner of a barbecue restaurant. 1．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean? A．delicious B．special C．great D．relaxing 2．What does the data show in Paragraph 2? A．Zibo has a huge tourism increase because of Zibo barbecue. B．Zibo has always been popular during the May Day holiday. C．Not many people went to Zibo until recently. D．Barbecue has become the symbol of Zibo. 3．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about? A．Why Zibo becomes so popular on the Internet so quickly. B．How Zibo has tried to develop the city tourism. C．Where visitors can taste the most delicious barbecue in Zibo. D．When is the best time to taste Zibo barbecue. 4．What is Wang Dazhuang’s attitude (态度) to the popularity of Zibo barbecue? A．worried. B．satisfied. C．doubtful. D．supportive 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了淄博烧烤给当地带来的发展。 1．词义猜测题。根据“The experience makes ‘Zibo barbecue’ quite different from other kinds of barbecue.”可知，这种体验让“淄博烧烤”与其他烧烤有了很大的不同，说明淄博烧烤提供独特的用餐体验。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Data (数据) from Meituan and Dazhong Dianping shows that booking volume (总量) for hotels in Zibo during the five-day May Day holiday is 800 percent higher than that in 2019.”可知，淄博的旅游因为淄博的烧烤而蓬勃发展。故选A。 3．段落大意题。根据“The local government has caught the chance brought by the sudden trend, to attract more tourists.”以及第三段可知，本段讲述了淄博如何努力发展城市旅游业。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“Barbecue and tourism may not have too much influence on stimulating the economy (刺激经济), but this is a chance for more people to get to know Zibo’s enthusiasm and business environment, which will attract more investment (投资) and create more jobs. This is what really matters”（烧烤和旅游可能对刺激经济没有太大的影响，但这是一个让更多人了解淄博的热情和商业环境的机会，这将吸引更多的投资，创造更多的就业机会。这才是真正重要的）可知，王大壮对于淄博烧烤持支持态度，故选D。 （2024·浙江温州·三模）As your alarm clock rings, you slowly open one eye. It seems like it was only a few hours ago that you finished your homework. You close your eyes for just five more minutes, but then your mom knocks on the door. “Time to get up, or you’ll miss the bus!” she says. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone. According to a survey, nearly 60 percent of middle school students in the U. S. aren’t getting the recommended 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep a night. How does it happen? In fact, starting the school day too early can take away much-needed sleep from teenagers. Studies show that well-rested teenagers are more likely to get good grades and less likely to suffer from depression (抑郁). Besides, teenagers fall asleep later at night by nature. As a result, some students may only get as few as five hours of sleep. Many people have realised the importance of enough sleep. Schools in several states have changed to later start times in recent years. In New Jersey, a group of students have formed an organization called Later School Start Times. It wants local middle schools to start 30 minutes later. ▲ Many schools say later start times would create a number of problems. There’s a worry that some kids will walk back home in the dark if the school starts later. It will also leave teens with fewer hours for after-school activities and homework. That’s what Erin Isherwood, a parent from California, is worried about. “My son has an exercise class that he really loves at a gym right after school,” she says. “Now he can’t go.” Considering the advantages and disadvantages of later school start times, it seems a hard choice to make. The early bird catches the worm (虫子). But what if the bird is too sleepy and tired to catch one? 1．Why does the writer describe the situation in Paragraph 1? A．To show a teenager’s busy school life. B．To show a common problem for teenagers. C．To tell how hard it is to get up in the morning. D．To tell why teenagers get on badly with parents. 2．Why can’t most American students get enough sleep? ①The school starts too early.             ②They suffer from depression. ③They fall asleep later by nature.        ④They stay up late to get good grades. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 3．Which can be the best to fill in the “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5? A．And all the efforts have made a difference. B．And lots of parents shared the same opinion. C．But not everyone thinks school should start late. D．But few people take action to change the situation. 4．Which of the following might the writer agree on? A．Early school days can help kids develop hobbies. B．Early school days can cause more harm than good. C．Later school start times can cause safety problems. D．Later school start times can bring few advantages. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了现在很多学生睡眠不足，所以一群学生成立了一个名为“晚开学时间”的组织，它希望当地的中学在30分钟后开学，但是这也会造成许多问题。 1．推理判断题。根据“If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone. According to a survey, nearly 60 percent of middle school students in the U. S. aren’t getting the recommended 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep a night.”可知作者描述的这个场景是很常见的，这是青少年普遍存在的问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In fact, starting the school day too early can take away much-needed sleep from teenagers...Besides, teenagers fall asleep later at night by nature”可知过早开始上课会剥夺青少年急需的睡眠，此外，青少年天生晚上睡得晚。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Many schools say later start times would create a number of problems”可知推迟开学时间会造成许多问题，所以不是每个人都赞成推迟开学时间，选项C“但并不是每个人都认为学校应该晚开学”符合语境。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“The early bird catches the worm(虫子). But what if the bird is too sleepy and tired to catch one?”可知早起的鸟有虫吃，但是如果这只鸟太困太累了，抓不到一只怎么办，所以作者可能认为早上学弊大于利。故选B。 （2024·浙江金华·二模）①As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts. However, we must be careful that we do not always jump into our own world. Social life is also important. ②As we live in social groups, there are many advantages of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us realise our dreams we are searching for. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans. ③The first fruit of friendship is a peaceful heart that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage. I Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. ④The second fruit of friendship is a wiser head that comes from friends’ different views. II We often find it easier to realize other people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements (评价) might be one-sided. On the other hand, our friends may be able to offer better advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Listening to their advice makes our thoughts clearer and more complete. This is also of great help to have better understanding and judgements. ⑤The third fruit of friendship is a more realizable dream that comes from the help of friends. On the way to dream, nobody is perfect and good at everything. It is hard to achieve success on our own. Ⅲ Many things in life need the help of friends. Because they may have many different ideas and skills, which makes our roads to success easier. ⑥Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the happiness of staying with a group of people is not the same as being with friends. IV Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way, we can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends. 1．What “fruits” can we pick from the “tree” of friendship? a. A wiser head. b.A peaceful heart. c. A successful life. d. A more realizable dream. A．abc B．abd C．bcd D．acd 2．Where can “Happiness is doubled when shared, trouble is halved when shared?” be placed? A．I B．II C．III D．IV 3．Which shows the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Happiness—Ordinary Life Path B．Advice—Good Friends Making C．Friendship—Close Social ties D．Success—Sweet Dream Fruit 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了友情的三个益处。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first fruit of friendship is a peaceful heart”“The second fruit of friendship is a wiser head”以及“The third fruit of friendship is a more realizable dream”可知友谊的“果实”是一颗平和的心、一个智慧头脑和更可实现的梦想。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The first fruit of friendship is a peaceful heart that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure”可知友谊来自于与朋友分享我们的快乐、悲伤、成功和失败，故本句“分享时快乐加倍，分享时烦恼减半”放于I处。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题；第二段总领全文，讲述友情的重要性，并引领下文；三、四五段分别讲述了友情的三个益处；第六段重申友情的重要性，总结全文。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。本文围绕友情从三个方面讲述了友情的益处，以选项C“友谊——亲密的社会联系”为标题最合适。故选C。 （2024·浙江·二模）Gever Tulley is a computer scientist from California. In 2005, he started a summer programme for children called Tinkering School. At Tinkering school, children can learn important skills for life by building things together. Children get all kinds of materials like wood, metal, plastic and ropes. They get lots of real tools too, such as knives, hammers and power drills. Some children have cut themselves when using a knife, or hurt their fingers when using a hammer. But nobody has ever suffered a serious injury in all those years. This is because there are strict rules they must follow. The children always learn how to use the tools safely and they must wear the right clothing and protection at all times. Gever Tulley’s ideas have worked very well. A lot of children have gone to his summer schools over the years. In 2011, Gever Tulley decided to create a‘real’school, called Brightworks, in San Francisco. The school is very small——it only has twenty students aged 6 to 13. Since it started, Brightworks has been written about a lot. Most of those articles have praised the quality of the school. They have found the children are more motivated (有动机的) than at many other schools. But still a few people have said that children are not learning enough at Brightworks. They feel that students and teachers are just ‘playing around’ all the time. The students at Brightworks seem to love their school. 12-year-old Tina Cooper has been a student at the school since last October. “Since I started here, I’ve never sat in a ‘normal’ class with a teacher,” she told us, “But it’s been a very exciting experience. I’ve worked hard at my new school for eight months now, and there hasn’t been one single moment when I found it boring. Before, I was bored quite often.” 1．What can children do at Tinkering School? A．Make computer programs. B．Learn some life skills. C．Read many science books D．Make school rules. 2．Why did Gever Tulley create Brightworks? A．To take in twenty students aged 6 to 13. B．To solve the local education problem. C．To get more money from the children. D．To continue his education plan. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Many people paid attention to the school. B．No bad comments were received at the beginning. C．People think the school is better than other schools. D．Children and teachers only played games at school. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Successful Computer Scientist B．An Art School in Los Angeles C．An Education System in the US D．A School Making Real Things 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了Gever Tulley的项目Tinkering school对孩子们的帮助。 1．细节理解题。根据“At Tinkering school, children can learn important skills for life by building things together.”可知，可以学习一些生活技能。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The school is very small——it only has twenty students aged 6 to 13.”以及“Gever Tulley’s ideas have worked very well.”可知，因为他想继续他的想法，因此此处指的是为了继续他的教育计划。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Since it started, Brightworks has been written about a lot. Most of those articles have praised the quality of the school.”可推知，许多人关注这所学校。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“In 2011, Gever Tulley decided to create a ‘real’school, called Brightworks, in San Francisco.”以及通读全文可知，本文介绍了Gever Tulley创办的一所学校，这所学校注重培养学生学习重要的生活技能。因此文章的最佳标题是“一所做实事的学校”。故选D。 （2024·浙江台州·二模）Summer in Japan can be difficult. Temperatures often go above 30℃, and it’s also very wet. Of course, many buildings have air conditioners, but people do need to go outside sometimes. So how do Japanese people stay cool? While some use traditional fans, these days it’s common to see people carrying small handheld electric fans to keep themselves cool. One company has already made work jackets with electric fans inside to keep the wearer cool. And now another Japanese company has created an air conditioner that you can just wear around your waist. The “WearCool”, which was created by the company Gloture, is a belt that uses five small fans to blow cool air up the front and back of your body at up to 5 meters a second. The inside of the belt is also made of a material that takes in heat, so it’s comfortable to wear. The belt can be changed for different waist sizes too. And while Gloture’s pictures show models wearing the belt like a fashion accessory (配饰), you can actually wear it under your clothes. WearCool comes with a powerful battery that lets it be used without stopping for less than 17 hours, the company says. And you can change both the speed and the direction of the air f low by using an app which can be used in English or Japanese. WearCool is now available from Gloture’s online store and costs around $230. But will it become as popular as those handheld electric fans? So, don’t be afraid of the summer, we have many ways to keep cool! Just smile to the hot weather! 1．How many ways to keep cool are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about WearCool? A．It’s already on sale now. B．It can be only worn under the clothes C．It looks like a jacket with electric fans inside. D．It can be used without stopping for over 17 hours. 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards the popularity of WearCool? A．Disappointed. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Confident. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Ways of Staying Cool B．Different Air Conditioners in Japan C．The Fashion Accessory for Models D．An Air Conditioner that Looks like a Belt 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了日本一家公司发明的一种可以系在腰上的空调——WearCool。 1．细节理解题。根据“While some use traditional fans, these days it’s common to see people carrying small handheld electric fans to keep themselves cool. One company has already made work jackets with electric fans inside to keep the wearer cool.”可知，第二段中提到了三种保持凉爽的方式。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“WearCool is now available from Gloture’s online store and costs around $22.”可知，WearCool现在已经在出售了。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“But will it become as popular as those handheld electric fans?”可知，作者不确定是否会受欢迎，因此作者的态度是不确定的。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了保持凉快的一些方法并详细介绍了日本一家公司发明的一种可以系在腰上的空调——WearCool。因此最佳标题是“保持凉爽的方法”。故选A。 （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）What might two dogs making radio programs look like? How about a bicycle race with different sea animals as competitors? With Sora, you may soon be able to find out. The latest AI model can create videos up to a minute long from text prompts (提示词) in seconds. It was built by Open AI, the company behind the popular chatbot Chat GPT. Its CEO Sam Altman announced Sora's creation on February 16. Sora hasn’t been made available to the public yet. Open AI is asking experts to test it for possible risks. The model is also open to a small group of artists. The company hopes their advice will help make Sora better. Before Sora, the leading text-to-video AI model was one made by Runway. Its system, Gen-2, came out in March 2023. The videos it produced were short and often scary. So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos. At present, Sora model isn’t perfect, however, as it may not understand cause and effect (因果). “For example, a person might take a bite out of a cookie, but after that, the cookie may not have a bite mark,” Open AI says on its website. Sora may also mistake spatial (空间的) details, like mixing up left and right. In a video on the Open AI website, a man is seen running on a treadmill (跑步机) in the opposite direction. At the same time, some people have other worries. They fear that AI-generated content could be misused. The Global Risks Report 2024 listed AI-generated misinformation as the biggest risk facing the world this year. In response, Open AI said that it's also building tools to let users know if a video was produced by Sora. Whatever the worries, with the development of technology, Sora could go much farther than we think. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Open AI. B．Runway. C．Sora. D．Chat GPT. 2．What can we learn about Sora from the passage? A．Sora can create videos without any prompts. B．Sora and Chat GPT are from different companies. C．Sora has already been open to the public. D．Sora can produce high quality videos. 3．What are the disadvantages of Sora? a. Sora may not understand cause and effect. b. Sora might take a bite out of a cookie. c. Sora can mistake spatial details. d. Sora-generated content could be misused. A．abc. B．acd. C．bcd. D．abd. 4．How might the writer feel about the future of Sora? A．Worried. B．Proud. C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了Open AI公司最新开发的AI模型Sora。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Sora hasn’t been made available to the public yet. Open AI is asking experts to test it for possible risks.”可知，Sora还没有向公众开放，Open AI要求专家对其进行可能的风险测试；“it”指的是“Sora”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“So most people were surprised by the high quality of Sora’s videos.”可知，Sora可以制作出高质量的视频。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“as it may not understand cause and effect (因果)”，“Sora may also mistake spatial (空间的) details, like mixing up left and right.”和“AI-generated content could be misused.”可知，Sora无法理解因果、弄错空间细节以及Sora生成的内容可能被滥用。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“Whatever the worries, with the development of technology, Sora could go much farther than we think.”可知，不管有什么担忧，随着技术的发展，Sora可以走得比我们想象的更远；由此推知作者对Sora的未来是充满希望的。故选C。 （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）In 1993, Swedish psychologist (心理学家) K. Anders Ericsson set out to find the secret to turning a typical teen into a violin master. His answer? Practice: 10,000 hours of it. The reporter and writer Malcolm Gladwell even described it as “the magic number of greatness” in his 2008 book Outliers. The idea of “practice makes perfect” has been drilled (灌输) into the heads of youths since the Roman period. Anyone can be the next Albert Einstein, Kobe Bryant, or Taylor Swift as long as they can spend enough time doing the same thing. But can it be that simple? Not every expert agrees. While training is necessary to learning, spending much of your life trying something over and over doesn’t mean you’ll go professional, says Zach Hambrick, a psychologist at Michigan State University. Being great isn’t just about the quantity of work, he says, but also about the workers themselves. In reviewing different studies about the role of practice in music, games, sports, education, and professional success, Hambrick found that practicing time makes only about one-quarter of any noticeable (显而易见的) difference. Other reasons—like age, intelligence, and natural gifts—all played big roles in setting apart the better from the best. Genes (基因) mainly shape physical abilities and our mind. Height might be necessary for a basketball star, and a good voice could help you take the lead in singing. And no practice will make you taller or able to hit notes across every octave (八度). Plenty of piano playing will not make your fingers grow longer. Of course, this doesn’t mean we should all give up practicing, Hamorick says. Nobody is a born dancer or singer. But perfection in 10,000 hours? That is not sure. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 & 3? A．We can surely succeed if we keep trying. B．We may not succeed although we try a lot. C．We should always keep trying no matter what happens. D．We must give up all kinds of practice if we don’t succeed. 2．What does the underlined word “quantity” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．how much you work B．how often you work C．how fast you work D．how you work 3．How does the writer develop Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By telling stories. D．By giving examples. 4．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To warn readers to do more practice. B．To advise readers to depend on genes. C．To remind readers not to do much practice. D．To lead readers to rethink the meaning of practice. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文通过心理学家的一项研究，说明了1000个小时的练习不足以使人成为某一领域的天才。 1．推理判断题。根据“While training is necessary to learning, spending much of your life trying something over and over doesn’t mean you’ll go professional”和“practicing time makes only about one-quarter of any noticeable (显而易见的) difference”可知，从第2段和第3段，我们可以了解到尽管我们做了很多努力，但我们不一定会成功。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Being great isn’t just about the quantity of work”可知，优秀并不仅仅取决于工作的数量，“quantity”表示“数量”，此处指“你做了多少工作”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Height might be necessary for a basketball star”和“Plenty of piano playing will not make your fingers grow longer.”可知，作者通过举例的方式来展开第4段。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文通过心理学家的一项研究，说明了1000个小时的练习不足以使人成为某一领域的天才，目的是引导我们思考练习的意义在哪里。故选D。 （2024·浙江杭州·二模）Some French education specialists recently put on a festival — “The Festival of Errors (错误)” in Paris to encourage children to make mistakes. Yes, it’s true! The experts were worried that young people in France were not creative enough. Since they believe that a school system that focuses on marks and grades will lower the ability of the kids to produce new ideas, the activities in the festival showed the participants (参加者) the wonder and pleasure of getting things wrong. Most people believe in success. In sport, politics and business, success is king. Our education systems are practicing the idea of encouraging people to be successful. We reward (奖励) success in exams, for example, with an offer to university. We reward success at university with a good job. People who do well in their jobs get higher positions, and so on. But there are reasons why we should value failure as well. The problem with the success model is that it is likely to praise safe behaviour. We follow the steps and rules. More importantly, it encourages people to hang on to old ideas. On the other hand, people who like to take risks; think creatively, and come up with new ideas are told they are failures. In a very fast-changing world, this is not good practice. Another point of view is provided by Dr Astro Teller who works for Google. He says that if you blame (责备) people for having good ideas, they will give up. His example is: imagine you send out a group of scouts (童子军) to a new land to find mountains to climb. They do their best to find one, but can’t. If you blame them when they come back, those scouts will give up. And what about learning a language? Sometimes you have to take risks, because otherwise it becomes difficult to communicate. If you’re trying to talk to a person, and they don’t understand you, then you have to find a different way of saying what you want to say! So making a mistake can mean you also make progress! 1．“The Festival of Errors” is put on to encourage children ______. A．to avoid mistakes B．to improve grades C．to correct mistakes D．to welcome mistakes 2．Which of the following might be the writer’s opinion? A．Go for better grades. B．Dare to take risks. C．Try your best to succeed. D．Follow steps and rules. 3．What does the example of the scouts in Paragraph 4 show? A．Blame will make people give up. B．We should try to take risks. C．Failures are as important as successes. D．Scouts usually give up easily. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Festival of Errors B．Success Is King C．Mistakes in Language D．Failure Is Everything 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了法国的“错误节”。 1．细节理解题。根据“‘The Festival of Errors (错误)’ in Paris to encourage children to make mistakes.”可知，是为了鼓励孩子犯错。故选D。 2．观点态度题。根据“If you’re trying to talk to a person, and they don’t understand you, then you have to find a different way of saying what you want to say! So making a mistake can mean you also make progress!”可知，作者鼓励犯错，所以B项“敢于冒险”可能是作者的观点，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“He says that if you blame (责备) people for having good ideas, they will give up. His example is: imagine you send out a group of scouts (童子军) to a new land to find mountains to climb. They do their best to find one, but can’t. If you blame them when they come back, those scouts will give up.”可知，这个例子是为了说明责备会让人放弃，故选A。 4．标题归纳题。根据“Some French education specialists recently put on a festival — “The Festival of Errors (错误)” in Paris to encourage children to make mistakes.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了法国的“错误节”。故选A。 （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）Cheng Yuyan, 25, the founder of the “We Love Strolling (散步) in the Park” interest group on Douban, never expected that the interest group would now have 100,000 members. Park lovers from both home and abroad share their park experiences, post photos taken in parks, and give likes and reviews of parks. Within this group, there is an idea called “20 minutes for parks”. It suggests that spending just 20 minutes in a park each day can help lower stress, no matter how you choose to spend that time. Huang Bingbing, a Shenzhen-based practitioner (实践者) of this idea, began visiting the small park downstairs from her company office during her weekday lunch breaks over three years ago. “On that piece of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals. It allowed me to get away from the stress of work and refresh my mind,” Huang explained. Huang believes that parks are private spaces. She considers herself a shy person, and parks serve as the perfect place for her. She often spends time alone in parks, free from worrying about the social communication. At the same time, parks also work as public spaces. Cheng believes people can further deepen their connection with parks by developing a sense of ownership. She recalls her experiences of visiting parks in Japan. She noticed that park benches (长椅), given away by local people, had their givers’ nameplates. She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to have similar responsibilities. “I hope this group shows more social responsibility. Each of us can become a protecter and contributor (贡献者) to the parks and our city,” she said. 1．Why do more and more people take walks in parks? A．To make friends. B．To take photos. C．To cut the stress. D．To study plants. 2．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “serve” in Paragragh 3? A．I want to find a job to serve the community. B．The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two. C．The waiter smiled when he served the customers. D．In America, people serve food on plates, not in bowls. 3．What aspect (方面) of the Japanese parks made Cheng realize the social responsibility? A．The culture of the benches. B．The kinds of the plants. C．The activities at the parks. D．The number of the parks. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．As simple as a walk in parks B．An enjoyable trip to Japan C．As little as 20 minutes of walking D．A 20-minute break in the office 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述的是在公园散步的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“It suggests that spending just 20 minutes in a park each day can help lower stress, no matter how you choose to spend that time.”可知，是因为在公园散步能够帮助人们减轻压力。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“She considers herself a shy person, and parks serve as the perfect place for her.”可知，她认为自己是个害羞的人，因此公园是她完美的去处。由此可知serve在此处表示的是“充当”，与选项B“沙发可以当一两晚的床”中的“serve”的意思相同。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“She noticed that park benches (长椅), given away by local people, had their givers’ nameplates. She plans to encourage members of her Douban group to have similar responsibilities”可知，她注意到了公园里的长椅，那是由当地人捐赠的，上面有捐赠者的名牌。由此可知，是日本公园的长椅文化使得程意识到社会责任。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据“It suggests that spending just 20 minutes in a park each day can help lower stress, no matter how you choose to spend that time.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了在公园散步的好处，因此A选项“就像在公园里散步一样简单”符合文意，为最近标题。故选A。 （2024·浙江温州·三模）For thousands of years, humans have used names to communicate with one another. We also give names to our pets. Until now there has been few animals naming one another, but a new study suggests that elephants use certain noises to call other elephants. A few animals, including dolphins (海豚), use sounds that are similar to names. Each dolphin invents a special sound, and other members communicate with it by copying this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names. For the study, the researchers recorded 625 sounds made by wild African elephants in Kenya that they called “rumbles”. This is the most common kind of call produced by elephants, and it can travel as far as 3.7 miles. It takes place at a very low frequency (频率), which means humans can’t hear it. The scientists studied the sounds and found that some rumbles were directed at certain elephants to get their attention. They found that all the elephants in the group used the same call to get a certain elephant’s attention. Also, unlike the way dolphins communicate, the rumbles were not just imitations (模仿) of the elephants they were trying to communicate with. The researchers then played back some of the recorded rumbles to the elephants. They found that elephants responded more to their own name than to other calls. Caitlin, an elephant expert, said the study shows that elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area. She told Live Science, “It allows them to spread out much further and still communicate with each other.” 1．Why is the example of dolphins used in Paragraph 2? A．To explain why dolphins are so smart. B．To prove dolphins can invent a special sound. C．To compare with the way elephants use names. D．To show how dolphins communicate with others. 2．What can we learn about “rumbles”? A．Elephants usually make “rumbles”. B．Humans can hear “rumbles” easily. C．There are 625 kinds of “rumbles” in total. D．Dolphins make “rumbles” to communicate. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．The fact that elephants copy the sounds of other ones. B．The fact that elephants can communicate far and wide. C．The fact that elephants answer their names more often. D．The fact that elephants use the same call to get attention. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A．To explain how “rumbles” work properly. B．To describe the sounds of different animals. C．To introduce how elephants name each other. D．To call on more people to protect elephants. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，大象会用某些噪音来称呼其他大象。 1．推理判断题。根据“Each dolphin invents a special sound, and other members communicate with it by copying this special call. The new study, led by Michael Pardo, shows that wild African elephants use names in a way that is not just copying sounds and is much closer to the way humans use names.”可知每只海豚都会发出一种特殊的声音，其他成员通过模仿这种特殊的叫声与之交流，野生非洲象使用名字的方式不仅仅是模仿声音，而且更接近人类使用名字的方法，所以提到海豚的例子是为了与大象使用名字的方式相比较。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“This is the most common kind of call produced by elephants”可知大象通常会发出“隆隆声”。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“elephants can still keep in touch with one another even across a large area...It allows them to spread out much further and still communicate with each other”可知大象仍然可以保持联系，即使跨越一个巨大的区域，这使他们能够进一步分散，并仍然相互交流，故此处it指代“大象可以进行广泛的交流的事实”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，大象会用某些噪音来称呼其他大象。故选C。 （2024·浙江金华·二模）“The red walls and green tiles (瓦) set each other off beautifully. It’s so Beijing,” said a 33-year-old Beijing person with the family name of Lin. Lin and her 14-year-old cousin were enjoying a city walk along the Beijing Central Axis (中轴线). On this walk, they saw most of the old city buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers. Since the show “Glory Is Back! Beijing (《登场了！北京中轴线》)” was shown in July, more and more people have become interested in the Central Axis. Some even travel on foot to know it better themselves. Dating back to the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the 7.8-kilometer-long Beijing Central Axis joined royal (皇家) palaces and marketplaces for common people in the past. Though time changes many things, the Central Axis has left a special feeling with many Chinese people. Chinese professor Lyu Zhou said that when he walked around the Bell and Drum Towers, he could find peace in the busy city life. At a square between the Bell Tower and the Drum Towers, you can see people relaxing, cycling and playing games and even celebrating life events. “This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow,” said a young couple who were taking wedding photos under the Bell and Drum Towers. A number of visitors from other parts of the world have been amazed by the Beijing Central Axis, too. The traveler Marco Polo (1254-1324), for example, wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis back in the Yuan Dynasty in The Travels of Marco Polo: “Up and down the city there are beautiful palaces… and fine houses in great numbers.” And Osvald Siren (1879-1966) from Sweden took many photos in Beijing back in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history. 1．Why does the writer mention a Beijing person named Lin in the first paragraph? A．To make a conversation. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support his opinion. D．To provide examples. 2．What can we know about the Central Axis from the passage? A．The Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers are along the Central Axis. B．The show “Glory Is Back! Beijing” has nothing to do with the Central Axis. C．The 7.8-meter-long Beijing Central Axis joined royal palaces and marketplaces in the past. D．Osvald Siren wrote about what he saw along the Central Axis. 3．How does the young couple probably feel about the Central Axis according to their words? A．Confident. B．Thankful. C．Disappointed. D．Sorry. 4．What’s the purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To call on us to remember Chinese history. B．To describe the beauty of the Bell and Drum Towers. C．To show that the Central Axis is known around the world. D．To ask foreigners to learn more about Beijing History. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了北京中轴线的历史以及沿中轴线可以深入探索中国的历史文化。 1．推理判断题。根据“Lin and her 14-year-old cousin were enjoying a city walk along the Beijing Central Axis (中轴线). On this walk, they saw most of the old city buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers.”可知作者提到林姓的北京人是为了引出文章的主题——北京中轴线。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“On this walk, they saw most of the old city buildings of Beijing, like the Forbidden City and the Bell and Drum Towers.”可知沿着中轴线可以看到紫禁城和钟鼓楼，说明紫禁城和钟鼓楼沿着中轴线。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“This was one of our meeting places when we went on dates (约会). You could say that the towers have seen our love grow...”可知中轴线沿路的塔楼见证了他们的爱情，推断他们此刻的心情是感激的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“A number of visitors from other parts of the world have been amazed by the Beijing Central Axis, too...These Western records have given people around the world a taste of its history.”可推断最后一段的目的是为了表明中轴线闻名于世。故选C。 （2024·浙江台州·二模）Do you ever feel like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you rush from one subject to another? When things happen so fast, you may easily get lost in what you are doing or learning. It is important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you’ve been doing or learning. Self-reflection (反省) means slowing down and calming yourself, including calming your mind. By being calm and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to look at the things it has already received. Some people prefer to do the self-reflection only in their mind. Others write notes.Either method works, depending on your own learning habits. Here are some tips on self-reflection in your study. Use natural breaks in your textbooks as chances to stop and reflect. School textbooks are often divided into chapters and units. This makes it easier for you to begin the process of self-reflection. Look for the times when you complete a unit of study in the subjects you are learning, such as math,social studies, science and art. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test or quiz. Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections. Sometimes just pausing (暂停) to think deeply allows your brain to make connections. Having lots of connections allows your brain to quickly retrieve information when you need it again. Next, think about things that you are unsure of. For example, maybe you learned about a certain body system, but you’re not sure how it works together with the other body systems. Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to look for answers the next time you are working with the same topic. Self-reflection is a very important skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now. 1．Why does the writer begin the passage with two questions? A．To ask readers for some tips about learning. B．To help readers get the main idea of the passage. C．To make readers interested in reading the passage. D．To get readers to think about things they are unsure of. 2．How many tips on self-reflection are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3．What does the underlined word “retrieve” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Store up. B．Get back. C．Look through. D．Pass down. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A．To suggest a new learning skill to students. B．To show students the importance of learning. C．To introduce a new school subject to students. D．To describe a special learning experience to students. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了自我反思在学习中的重要性，并给出了一些自我反思的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Do you ever feel like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you rush from one subject to another?”可知，作者通过提出两个问题，引导读者思考自己的学习状态，从而引发读者对文章内容的兴趣，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Use natural breaks in your textbooks as chances to stop and reflect. ”、“Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. ”、“Next, think about things that you are unsure of.”可知，作者提出了三个自我反思的方法，故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Having lots of connections allows your brain to quickly retrieve information when you need it again.”可知，当你再次需要信息时，拥有大量的连接可以让你的大脑快速检索信息，即大脑可以快速获取信息，划线单词表示“重新获得”，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，作者的目的是向学生推荐一种新的学习技巧——自我反思，故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$