4.教材词汇-八年级下册（教用）-【加速度中考】2025年贵州中考英语词汇情境练

八年级下册 课时12 Units1~2 教材E拓展练 词汇梳理 Unit 1 What's the matter? ◆重点单词 1.matter n.问题；事情 16.rock n.岩石 2.neck n.颈：脖子 17.blood n.血 3.throat n.咽喉；喉咙2课标新耀 18.importance m.重要性：重要 4.fever n.发烧 19. decision m.决定；抉择 5.cough n.&.咳嗽 20.spiritn.勇气：意志；本质；精神；情绪生义 6.X-rayn.X射线：X光 21. death n.死：死亡022课标新增 7.toothache n.牙痛 22.nurse n.护士 8.break n.间歇：休息 23.rest.&n.放松：休息 9.passenger n.乘客；旅客 24.off ad.&pre仰.离开（某处）；不工作； 10.trouble n.问题：苦恼 从…去掉 11.knee n.膝；膝盖 25. herself pron..(she的反身代词)她自己 12.climber n.登山者：攀登者 26.ourselves pron.(we的反身代词)我们 13.risk n.&u.危险；风险：冒险 自己 14.situation n.情况：状况 onto prep.向；朝 15.kilo/kilogram n.千克；公斤 ◆词汇拓展 28.foot n.脚：足 32.control n.&n.限制：约束：管理.支 →feet(pl.） 配；操纵，控制（机器或系统等）生义 ★on foot步行 一→controlled(过去式/过去分词)》 29.stomach n.胃：腹部 →controlling(现在分词) →stomachache(n.)胃痛；腹痛 ★be out of control失去控制 30.head n.头；头部 33.ie①n.躺：平躺：存在；处于 →headache(nm.)头痛 →ay(过去式) ★have a headache头痛 →lain(过去分词) 31.knife n.刀 →lying（现在分词)》 →knives(pl.) ★lie in位于 47 ②以.说谎n.谎言生义 36.mean.意思是：打算：意欲ad.不善良 →ied(过去式/过去分词) 的；刻薄的生义 →ying（现在分词) →meant_(过去式/过去分词) ★tell a lie/ies说谎 →meaning(现在分词)(n.)意义；意思 34.hurt.(使)疼痛；受伤 →meaningful（(ad.)有意义的：意味深 →hurt(过去式/过去分词) 长的 →hurtful(ad.)伤感情的：伤自尊的： →neaningless(ad.)毫无意义的：意思 造成损害的 不明确的 ★hurt oneself 伤害自己 ★mean to do sth. 打算做某事 ★get/be hurt受伤 37.sick adj.生病的：有病的 35.hit.(用手或器具)击；打 →sickness_(n.)疾病 →it(过去式/过去分词) ★feel sick感觉不舒服 →hitting(现在分词) Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. ◆重点单词 1.sign n.标志：信号：迹象；手势；记号.签 对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为 学生义 Madam)2022漫标新增 2.notice n.通知：通告：注意.注意到：意 15. volunteer .义务做：自愿做n.志 识到 愿者2022课标斯增 3.feeling n.感觉；感触 16. repair私.修理：修补 4.j0yn.高兴；愉快2课标断撞 17. x.修理：安装 5.owner n.物主；主人 18. open开：打开ad.开放的；张开的生义 6. journey n.(尤指长途)旅行；行程 19 understand,理解；领会 7.wheel_n.车轮：轮子 20 lonely adj孤独的：寂寞的 8.letter n.信；函 21. broken adj.破损的：残缺的 9.Miss n.女士；小姐 22. disabled ad.丧失能力的：有残疾的 10. difficulty n.困难：难题 23.blind adi.瞎的：失明的 11.door n.门 24.deaf ad.聋的 12.interest n.兴趣：关注；趣味；业余爱 25.excited adj.激动的：兴奋的 好生义么.使感兴趣：使关注 26.clever adj.聪明的；聪颖的 13.sirn.先生（用于正式信函中对不知名 27.alone ad.独自；单独 的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir) 28. several pron..几个：数个；一些 14 ,madam n.夫人：女士（用于正式信函中 ◆词汇拓展 29.cheer.欢呼：喝彩 30.satisfy.使满意 →cheerful(ad.)快乐的：高兴的 →satisfaction(n.)满足；满意 48 →satisfying(ad.)令人满意的 →trainer(n.)教练：训练员 →satisfied(ad.)感到满意的：满足的：35. change.&n.变化：改变n.找给的零 欣慰的 钱；找头生 ★be satisfied with_对…满意 →changeable(ad.)可改变的；易变的 31.raise.募集；征集：抚养；养育；增加；提 ★change one's mind/Iife改变某人的 高；举起生义 主意/生活 →raised(过去式/过去分词) 36.strong adj.强烈的；强壮的 →raising（现在分词) →stronger（比较级) 32.imagine.想象；设想 →strongest(最高级) →imagination(n.)想象力 weak(反义词)虚弱的：无力的 33.carry.拿；提；扛 37.kind ad山.仁慈的：体贴的n.种类 →carried(过去式/过去分词) →kindness(n.)仁慈；善良 ★carry on继续 ★be kind to sb. 对某人友好 34.train.训练：培训.火车 ★ all kinds of各种类型的；各种各样的 →training(n.)训练：培训 短语集锦 【动词短语】 19.have a stomachache胃痛 1.take one's temperature量体温 20.lie down躺下 2.take a break/breaks 休息 21.have a fever发烧 3.get into陷入：参与 22.get off下车 4.take a risk/risks 冒险 23.get out of 离开；从…出来 5. run out(of） 用尽：耗尽 24. clup打电话给（某人）；征召 6.cut off 切除 25. used to 曾经…：过去… 7.give up 放弃 26.cheer up(使)变得更高兴：（使）振奋 8.clean up打扫（或清除）干净 起来 9.give out 分发：散发 27.xup修理；装饰 10.come up with 想出：提出（主意、计划、 28.give away 赠送；捐赠 回答等) 29.be used to习惯于…：适应于 11.put off推迟 【其他短语】 12.hand out 分发 30.right away立即；马上 13.care for 照顾：非常喜欢 31.What's the matter?怎么了？出什么 14.try out参加…选拔；试用 事了？ l5.take after(外貌或行为)像 32.to one's surprise使…惊讶的是；出 16.set up建起；设立 乎…的意料 17.make a difference 影响：有作用 33.be in control of 掌管：管理 18.have a cold感冒 49 重点句式 1.[U12]我认为你应该躺下来休息。 什么样子的。 I think you should lie down and rest. They told me stories about the past and how 2.[U1P6]它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆 things used to be. 脱的困境之中”。 4.[U2P11]马里奥喜欢动物并且想成为一名动 This means being in a difficult 物医生。 situation that you cannot seem to get out of. Mario loves animals and wants to be an 3.[U2P10]他们给我讲过去的故事，讲过去是 animal doctor 教材情境专项练 I,根据语境，用所给词的正确形式填空。 Aron Ralston is a mountain climber. 1.[人教八下U1P2]If your head and neck still Mountain climbing interests him a lot.He is used hurt (hurt)tomorrow,then go to a doctor. to taking I F.This is one of the exciting 2.[人教八下U2PIl]Mary is a book lover..She things about doing dangerous sports.There were could read by herself (she)at the age of many times when Aron 2 G lost his life four. because of accidents. 3.[人教八下U2PI4]You helped to make it One day in Utah,when he was climbing,his possible for me to have Lucky.Lucky makes a arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on big difference (different)to my life. him when he was climbing by himself in the 4.[冀教九全U1PI0]Jane speaks to people about mountains.Because he could not free his arm,he the things she has learned as a disabled stayed there 3 D five days and hoped that (disable）person. someone would find him.But his water ran out, 5.[冀教九全U3P45]Don't carry sharp things like he knew that he would have to do something to knives (knife)or scissors in your pocket. save his own life.He was not ready to die that 6.[沪教九下U6P93]They need to think before day.So he used his knife to cut off half his right they act and make good decisions (decide) arm.Then.with his left arm,he bandaged for themselves. himself so that he would not lose too much 4 C. 7.[外研八下M6Pg9]He gave help and support to After that,he climbed down the mountain to find the local people,as well as raised (raise) help. money for poor children. After losing his arm,he wrote a book to tell 8.I am so happy!Thank you for bringing me this people the importance of making good decisions, cheerful (cheer)news. 9.When she saw an old woman lying (lie)on and of being in control of one's life.Aron didn't the side of the road,she called 120 at once. give up climbing and continued to go for his love, 10.You can express your kindness (kind) 5 A climbing mountains is so great for him. with a warm smile. Do we have the same spirit as Aron?Let's Ⅱ，[人教八下U1 Section B2bP6改编]完形 think about it before we find 6 B "between a 第一节 rock and a hard place",and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. A.because B.ourselves C.blood D.for E.trouble F.risks G.almost 50 课时13 Units3~4 教材词展练 词汇梳理 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? ◆重点单词 1.rubbish n.垃圾；废弃物 10. borrow.借；借用 2.1oorn.地板：楼层生义 11.hate.厌恶；讨厌 3.mess n.杂乱；不整洁 12.provide.提供；供应 4.shirt n.衬衫 13.neither adr.也不pron.两者都不 5.finger n.手指 14.anyway ad.而且：加之 6.stress n.精神压力：心理负担202课标斯端 15.while conj.与…同时；当…的时候； 7.waste n.浪费：垃圾.浪费；滥用 而；然而 8.neighbor/neighbour_n.邻居 16.since con.因为：既然prep.,comj.& 9.pass.给：递；走过；通过 ad.从…以后：自…以来 ◆词汇拓展 17.fold.折叠；对折 22.develop.发展：壮大 →unfold(反义词)（使）展开：打开 →development(n.）发展；发育；成长 ★fold the clothes叠衣服 developed(ad.)发达的 18.sweep 人.扫；打扫02课绿断增 →developing(ad.)发展中的 →swept(过去式/过去分词)》 ★with the development of随着…的 19.hrow.扔；掷 发展 →threw(过去式)》 23.drop.落下；掉下；降低m.滴生义 →thrown(过去分词) →dropped(过去式/过去分词) ★throw away扔掉：抛弃 dropping(现在分词) 20.lend.借给；借出 24.fair adj.合理的：公正的n.展览会；交 →lent(过去式/过去分词)》 易会生义 lend sth.to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物 →fairness(n.)公正性；合理性 借给某人 →fairly(ad.）公平合理地：公正地：相 21.depend.依靠；信赖 当地 →dependence(n.）依靠：视…而定； →unfair(反义词)不合理的；不公正的 决定（于）生义 25.Ⅲa.有病；不舒服 →independence(n.)独立 →illness(n.)疾病；病 →dependent(ad.)依赖的 →sik（近义词)生病的：有病的 →independent(ad.)独立的：自主的 51 Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents? ◆重点单词 1.deal n.协议：交易 15. continue.持续；继续存在 2.cloud m.云；云朵 16. compare_.比较 3.member n.成员：分子 17. cause 造成；引起n.原因；理由生义 4.pressure 八.压力202课标新增 18.nervous ad.焦虑的：担忧的 5,0 pinion n.意见；想法：看法022课标新增 19. clear adj.清楚易懂的：晴朗的 6.skill n.技艺：技巧 20.quick adj.快的：迅速的：时间短暂的 7.football n.(美式)橄榄球；足球 21.crazy adj.不理智的：疯狂的 8.development n.发展：发育：成长 22.usual ad山.通常的：寻常的 9.guess.猜测；估计 23. instead ad.代替；反而；却 10.offer.主动提出：自愿给予 24.secondly ad.第二；其次 11.copy.抄袭：模仿：复制：复印 25.anymore adr.(常用于否定句和疑问句 12. return.归还；回来；返回：回应生义 末)再也（不）：（不）再 13.compete么.竞争；对抗202摆标新增 26. ,perhaps ad.可能：大概：也许 14.push.鞭策：督促；推动m.推生g whatever pron.任何：每一 ◆词汇拓展 28.relation n.关系：联系；交往 explanation(n.)解释；说明 →relationship(n.)关系；联系 ★ explain sth.to sb. 向某人解释某事 29.allow.允许：准许 33.wrong ad.有毛病；错误的 →allowance(n.）允许；津贴 →ght（反义词)正确的：适当的 30._communicate.交流；沟通 34. elder adj年纪较长的 →communication(n.)交流：沟通 →eldest(最高级)年龄最大的：最老的 ★communicate with沟通：交流 35. proper adj.正确的；恰当的 3礼.ague元.争吵：争论202课标新增 →properly(ad.)正确地；适当地 →argument(n.)争吵：论据：论证 36.typical adj.典型的 ★argue with sb. 和某人争吵 →typically(ad.)典型地；具有代表性地 32.explain.解释：说明 短语集锦 【动词短语】 7.compare..with比较；对比 1.take out the rubbish倒垃圾 8. depend on依靠：信赖 2.take care of照顾：处理 【名词短语】 3.look through 快速查看：浏览 9.big deal重要的事 4.work out成功地发展：解决 【介词短语】 5.get on with 和睦相处：关系良好 10.in order to目的是；为了 6 cut out删除：删去 11.in one's opinion依…看 52 【其他短语】 13.as soon as 一…就… 12.all the time频繁；反复 14. What's wrong？哪儿不舒服？ 司重点句式 1.[U3P18]你能倒垃圾、叠衣服和洗碗吗？ 在功课上，以便取得好成绩，进入一所好大学。 Could you take out the rubbish,fold Some parents think children should spend their the clothes and do the dishes? time on schoolwork in order to 2.[U3P19]你能带狗去散散步吗？ get good grades and get into a good university. Could you please take the dog for a 4.[U4P25]为什么不和你的父母谈谈？ walk Why don't you talk to your parents? 3.[U3P22]一些家长认为孩子们应该把时间花 I,根据语境，用所给词的正确形式填空。 用第二节 1.[人教八下U3P22]Doing chores helps (to These days,many parents push their children develop (develop)children's independence into learning 1.more (many)skills.They and teaches them how to look after themselves. believe it helps their kids to 2.better (well) 2.[人教八下U3P22]The earlier kids learn to be compete in life.3.However,such a busy independent (independence),the better it life can place great pressure on students. is for their future. Linda Miller,4.a mother of three, 3.[人教八下U4P32]lnmy(T)opinion,itis knows all about such stress."In some families, important for children to have time to relax and competition starts very young and 5.continues think for themselves. continue)until the kids get older,"she says. 4.[冀教九全U4Ps7]They weren'tallowed "Mothers send 6.their (they)small kids to (allow)to enter the theatre without tickets. all kinds of classes.And they are always 5.[沪教八下U2P29]Eye contact is a very7._comparing_(compare)them with other important part of body language.It can be the children.It's crazy.I don't think that's fair.Why key to communication (communicate). don't they just let their kids be kids?People 6.To protect the environment,we should divide shouldn't push their kids so hard. the waste properly proper)before we Doctors say too much pressure is not good for throw it. a child's 8.development develop).Dr. 7.Our government has provided good treatment for Alice Green says all these activities can cause a patients with serious illnesses (ill). lot of stress 9.for children."Kids should 8.Compared (compare)with traditional have time 10.to relax (relax)and think for cars,electric cars are more environmentally themselves,too.Although it's normal to want friendly. successful children,it's even more important to Ⅱ.[人教八下U4 Section B2bP30改编]语言运have happy children.” 53 课时14 Units5~6 教材词拓展练 词汇梳理 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? ◆重点单词 1.alarm_n.闹钟202课标断增 12.ruth n.实情：事实 2.storm n.暴风雨 13.begin".开始 3.wind n.风 14.report v.&n.报道：公布 4.ghtn.光；光线；光亮；电灯a.轻的生义 15.kid.开玩笑；欺骗 5.area n.地域；地区 16. realize.理解；领会；认识到；实现生文 6. window n.窗；窗户 17.asleep adj.睡着 7.match n.火柴：（尤指体育方面的）比赛， 18.fallen ad或.倒下的：落下的 竞赛.匹配；相配生义 19. heavily adr.在很大程度上；大量地 8.passage n.章节：段落 20. suddenly ad.突然；忽然 9.pupil m.学生 21. against prep.倚：碰；撞；反对；违反；逆； 10.date n.日期；日子；约会生义 在比赛或战斗中)对（某人或某事物）生义 l1.tower m.塔；塔楼 ◆词汇拓展 22.w00d n.木；木头 ★ beat against敲打 →wooden(ad.)木制的：木头的 26 rise.&n.升起；增加；提高 23.icen.冰 rose(过去式) →icy(ad.)覆盖着冰的：冰冷的 → risen(过去分词)》 24.silence n.沉默；缄默；无声 27.strange ad.奇特的；奇怪的 →silent(ad.)不说话的：沉默的 →stranger(n.)陌生人 ★keep silent 保持沉默 28.complete adj.彻底的：完全的.完成 25.beat.敲打；打败 →completely(ad.)彻底地：完全地 →beat(过去式) 29.recent ad山.最近的202课绿新w →beaten(过去分词) recently(ad.)不久前：最近 Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. ◆重点单词 1.stone n.石头 3.bitn.一点；小块 2.g0d_n.神：上帝(G0d)202课标斩增 4.object_n.物体；物品 54 5.tail n.尾巴 15.cheat.欺骗；蒙骗n.骗子202课标新增 6.stick n.棍：条 16.silly adj.愚蠢的；不明事理的 7.couple n.(尤指)夫妻；两人；两件事物 17.magic adj.有魔力的：有神奇力量的 8.sikn.丝绸；丝织物 18.Western_ad.西方国家的；（尤指）欧美 9.husband n.丈夫 的；西方的(w可以小写) 10.ground n.地；地面 19.stupid ad山.愚蠢的 11.voice n.声音 20.whole adj.全部的：整体的 12. remind,提醒；使想起22课标断增 21.bright ad.光亮地：明亮地ad.明亮的： 13.excite.使激动：使兴奋 光线充足的：有希望的生义 14.smile.&n.笑：微笑 22. nobody pron..没有人n.小人物 ◆词汇拓展 23.gold m.金子；金币ad金色的 28.marry:.结婚 →golden(ad.)金制的：金色的 married(a.)已婚的 24.wife n.妻子；太太 marriage(n.)婚姻：结婚 →wives_(pl.) 29.shine_u.发光：照耀 25.Sh00t么射击：发射2课标新 shone(过去式/过去分词)】 →shot(过去式/过去分词) 30. lead.带路：领路 26.hide t.隐藏；隐蔽 led(过去式/过去分词) →hid(过去式) → leader(n.)领导；领袖 →hidden(过去分词) ★lead to导致 ★hide from隐瞒；躲避 31.weak ad(.虚弱的；无力的 ★hide and seek捉迷藏 →weakness(n.)虚弱；弱点 27.t适合；合身a.健康的；健壮的生义 ★be weak in三在…方面弱/差 →fitted/it(过去式/过去分词) 32. brave ad.勇敢的：无畏的 ★keep fit保持（身体）健康 bravely(ad.)勇敢地 短语集锦 【动词短语】 9.fall in love爱上：喜欢上 1.g0of(闹钟)发出响声 10.get married结婚 2.pick up(the phone）接电话 【介词短语】 3.fall asleep进人梦乡：睡着 l1.at first起初：起先 4.die down逐渐变弱：逐渐消失 12.instead of代替：反而 5.have a look看一看 13.in silence沉默：无声 6.make one'sway前往；费力地前进 【其他短语】 7.take down拆除：往下拽：记录 14.a little bit有点儿；稍微 8.turn..into变成 l5.once upon a time从前 55 重点句式 1.[U537]当学校的篮球比赛开始时，凯特还 I didn't believe him at first,but then I 在去学校的路上。 looked out of the window and When the school basketball competition started, realized that it was true. Kate was still making her way to 3.[U6P44]除非他能隐藏自己的尾巴，否则他 school. 无法将自己变成一个人。 2.[U538]起初我不相信他的话，但后来我朝 He cannot turn himself into a 窗外看了看，才意识到那是真的。 man unless he can hide his tail. 项练 【.根据语境，用所给词的正确形式填空。 useful for us to relax our minds. 1.[人教八下U5P34]When the rainstorm Ⅱ.[人教八下U5 Section A3aP35]完形第一节 suddenly (sudden)came,what were you A.heavily B.since C.some D.up doing? E.while F.rainstorm G.the 2.[人教八下U5P39]Kate didn't think her friend Ben could hear strong winds outside his home was telling the truth true)about the in Alabama.Black clouds were making the sky event. very dark.The news on TV reported that a heavy 3.[人教八下U6P42]This story reminds 1 F was in the area.Everyone in the (remind)us that you can never know what's neighborhood was busy.Ben's dad was putting possible unless you try to make it happen pieces of wood over the windows 2 E his mom 4.[人教八下U6P43]The Monkey King has was making sure the flashlights and radio were excited (excite)the children of China for working.She also put 3 C candles and many years. matches on the table. 5.[人教八下U6P44]The new couple were so Ben was helping his mom make dinner when happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they the rain began to beat 4 A against the got married(marry）. windows.After dinner,they tried to play a card 6.After the heavy rain,the river rose (rise) game,but it was hard to have fun with a serious more than a metre yesterday. storm happening outside. 7.It is reported that the number of working Ben could not sleep at first.He finally fell wives wife )is becoming larger and asleep when the wind was dying down at around larger. 3:00 a.m.When he woke up,the sun was rising. 8.Squirrels(松鼠)like saving some food,but He went outside with his family and found 5 G they forget where it was hidden (hide) neighborhood in a mess.Fallen trees,broken from time to time. windows and rubbish were everywhere.They 9.We'd better face challenges bravely joined the neighbors to help clean 6 D the (brave)instead of running away from them neighborhood together. 10.Reading books in silence silent is 56