精品解析：山东省济宁市育才中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月阶段性测试英语试题

济宁市育才中学2023级高二上学期阶段性测试 英语试题 2024. 10 注意事项： 1. 满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 3. 选择题答案必须用铅笔涂在答题卡上，非选择题答案请用黑色签字笔填到答题卡上的相应位置。考试结束，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What exercise does the woman usually do right now? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Swımming. 2. What is the weather like? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Wet. 3 How does the woman get to work probably? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 4. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Walking. B. Working. C. Studying. 5. What might be the age of the man? A. 60. B. 30. C. 9. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What happened to the man's bag? A. It was stolen. B. He forgot where to put it. C. He didn't take it. 7. Why did the fire alarm sound? A. There was a fire- safety practice. B. There was an accident in the lab. C. There was a fire. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which language is the singer using? A. English. B. Chinese. C. Korean. 9. Who is singing the song? A. A woman. B. A man. C. A child. 10. What is the song about? A. Love. B. War. C. Travel. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13 题。 11. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Dentist and patient. B. Sister and brother. C. Salesman and customer. 12. How can the man be described? A. Serious. B. Flexible. C. Impatient. 13. How many items will the woman want to buy? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 听第9段材料，回答第 14 至 16题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a bedroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In the living room. 15. How does the woman feel? A. Calm. B. Amused. C. Frightened. 16. What will the man do next? A. A. Go to sleep. B. Look for the creature. C. Comfort the woman. 听第10段材料，回答第 17 至20题。 17. What is the title of Hannah's album? A. Late Show. B. Glory. C. Arctic. 18. How many academy awards has Martin won? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. 19. What was Chris likely occupation? A. An athlete. B. A singer. C. An actor. 20. Why is Laura leaving the show? A. She will take care of her children. B. She has another job. C. She is moving to another city. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997) Bon in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity (宇称理论) in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked. Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000) Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology. Katherine Johns (1918—2020) African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”. Tu Youyou (1930—) Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize. 1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n)________. A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician 2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world? A. She treated people for malaria. B. Her discovery helped save millions. C. She is the first Chines Nobel winner. D. Her research project is one of a kind. 3. What do the four female scientists have in common? A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory. C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位改变世界的女性科学家。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000)部分中的“Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. (奥地利出生的拉玛出演了许多好莱坞电影，并取得了巨大的成功。她还非常聪明，是一个自学成才的发明家)”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一位女演员。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)部分中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. (她的工作拯救了全世界数百万人的生命)”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. (下面是四位打破界限、改变世界的人)”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。故选D。 B Two years ago, Holmes participated in Back to School Bash. He was holding down two jobs at the time — one with the city’s public works department, the other as a barber. Saturday was his busiest hair-cutting day, but he chose to donate his time and give free haircuts to kids from poor families so they’d look neat and clear on that first day of classes. But then an idea hit him — “The kids should earn their free haircut by having to read a book to me,” Holmes said. The idea was so popular that he continued it the first Tuesday of every month for the next two years. Boys from five to ten years old would grab a favorite book, settle into the barber chair, and read aloud while Holmes was doing their hair. If they found a word obscure, Holmes was there to help. After the haircut, they’d review the book, from the characters and vocabulary to the themes — just like in school, only more fun. Holmes, who is married and has two sons, ages three and four, recognizes that not every parent has the time to read with their kids. Holmes admits he, too, benefits from the process. Holmes and his family have recently moved to a small town in Chicago. When they get settled, he plans to take up his role as the Story-book Barber. “The way the world is today with guns and violence,” he says. “It’s a safe heaven for the kids, to come to the barbershop and read books.” 4. What do we know about Holmes? A. He lived a hard life. B. He was the busiest barber in the city. C. He offered free haircuts to the poor kids. D. He organized Back to School Bash. 5. What did the boys do during the haircut? A. Reading books aloud. B. Discussing the characters. C. Reviewing the vocabulary. D. Talking about their favorite books. 6. What does the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Simple. B. Awkward. C. Attractive . D. Confusing. 7. Which of the following can best describe Holmes? A. Brave and creative. B. Caring and helpful. C. Honest and positive. D. Lucky and outgoing. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Holmes周六为贫穷的小孩子免费理发的故事。作为一名理发师，Holmes做了一件非常有意义的事情，那就是要求贫穷孩子为他读一本书，他就免费为其理发。文章具体介绍了孩子通过他的活动受益匪浅，他也收获很大。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Two years ago, Holmes participated in Back to School Bash. He was holding down two jobs at the time — one with the city’s public works department, the other as a barber. Saturday was his busiest hair-cutting day, but he chose to donate his time and give free haircuts to kids from poor families so they’d look neat and clear on that first day of classes.(两年前，Holmes参与了“回到学校狂欢会”。当时他有两份工作——一份在市政工程部门，另一份是理发师。周六是他最忙的理发日，但他选择捐出自己的时间，为那些不幸的孩子免费理发，这样他们在第一天上课时就会看起来整洁)”可知，两年前，Holmes为贫困的孩子们免费理发。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Boys from five to ten years old would grab a favorite book, settle into the barber chair, and read aloud while Holmes was doing their hair.(5到10岁的男孩们会抓起一本最喜欢的书，坐在理发椅上，在福尔摩斯给他们理发的时候大声朗读)”可知，男孩们在理发时大声朗读。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Boys from five to ten years old would grab a favorite book, settle into the barber chair, and read aloud while Holmes was doing their hair.(5到10岁的男孩们会抓起一本最喜欢的书，坐在理发椅上，在福尔摩斯给他们梳头的时候大声朗读)”以及后文“Holmes was there to help”可知，Holmes理发的时候男孩们就大声朗读，遇到困惑的地方，Holmes就提供帮助。故划线词意思是“令人困惑的”。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Saturday was his busiest hair-cutting day, but he chose to donate his time and give free haircuts to kids from poor families so they’d look neat and clear on that first day of classes.(周六是他最忙的理发日，但他选择贡献自己的时间，为贫困家庭的孩子免费理发，这样他们在第一天上课时就能看起来整洁干净)”以及第二段“Boys from five to ten years old would grab a favorite book, settle into the barber chair, and read aloud while Holmes was doing their hair. If they found a word obscure, Holmes was there to help.(5到10岁的男孩们会抓起一本最喜欢的书，坐在理发椅上，在福尔摩斯给他们梳头的时候大声朗读。如果他们发现一个词晦涩难懂，Holmes就会帮助他们)”可推知，Holmes免费给贫困家庭的孩子理发，帮助他们阅读，Holmes有爱心且乐于助人。故选B。 C There’s no doubt that football is the global sport. Though basketball, tennis, and other sports are popular too, nothing comes close to football. Being played in every country in the world, football provides dozens of superstars. The numbers are greater when compared to any other sport, and this drives the popularity of football up. Have you ever wondered when the sport started and became popular? Football has its origin (起源) in China and has a history of more than 2,000 years. However, modern football originally appeared in Britain in the 19th century. Folk football matches had been played before in many cities and towns, but never on a professional level. Football became a winter sport game played in different schools. The rules were carried out by each school, and this made it difficult for players to play an official game with each other. It all changed in 1849 at the University of Cambridge that invented a set of standard rules known as the Cambridge rules of football. From that moment, a new star sport was born. By the early 20th century, football had spread all across Europe. In 1904, FIFA was set up. There are seven original members, including France, Denmark and Spain, FIFA became the governing body for many associations in Europe. England’s international success improved the popularity of the sport in the country. The league (联赛) in Britain was set up in 1992. From the 1990s, it became a truly impressive piece of football organization, becoming the world’s top football league in the process. Football is obviously the most popular sport in the world. It is impossible for any other sport to take its place, especially with leagues spending billions of pounds every year to stay in the focus. 8. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1? A. To describe the level of football. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To debate the main idea of the text. D. To introduce famous football leagues. 9. Where did modern football first start? A. In China. B. In France. C. In Britain. D. In Spain. 10. Why was it difficult to play an official game before 1849? A. The rules always changed. B. There were no common rules. C. The season made players hard to win. D. Officials made players misunderstand the rules. 11. How is the text mainly developed? A. By time order. B. By space order. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了足球作为一项全球性运动有其历史渊源以及从足球的形成到现代足球的发展历程。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Have you ever wondered when the sport started and became popular?(你有没有想过这项运动是什么时候开始并流行起来的？)”可知，作者撰写第一段的目的是介绍文章的主题。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“However, modern football originally appeared in Britain in the 19th century. (然而，现代足球最初出现在19世纪的英国)”可知，现代足球从英国开始，故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“The rules were carried out by each school, and this made it difficult for players to play an official game with each other. (规则由各校执行，这使得玩家之间很难进行正式比赛)”可知，在1849年之前很难进行正式比赛是因为没有共同的规则。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了足球作为一项全球性运动有其历史渊源以及从足球的形成到现代足球的发展历程。从文章中出现的年代顺序2,000 以前—1849—1904—1992可知，文章主要是按时间顺序展开的。故选A。 D Have you ever seen the Moon rising over your town or city? It can appear very large when it is low on the horizon. Our moon goes through phases(月相) and it looks a little different every day. When the whole moon is lit up, it is called a full moon. When the Moon is entirely dark, it’s a new moon. When there is only a thin edge of the circle shining, it’s a crescent moon. When a crescent moon is rising, we can occasionally see a unique event. When the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon are lined up just right, some of the sunlight that hits the Earth can be reflected onto the Moon. This causes most part of the Moon to give off a faint glow, while the rest of the Moon is brightly lit by the sunlight. This phenomenon is named the Da Vinci glow. It was Leonardo da Vinci, a great artist, inventor and scientist, who explained it for the first time. Sometimes, it is also called “earthshine.” When Da Vinci wrote about earthshine, he suggested that it might be caused by sunlight reflected from the Earth’s oceans. He was almost completely correct, except for one detail: most of the reflected sunlight comes from the clouds in our atmosphere. The reflected light from the Earth is bright enough to light up the side of the Moon that isn’t receiving direct sunlight. The Da Vinci glow is not easy to see. Conditions need to be just right. Due to the angles of light, the Moon has to be very low on the horizon. The best time to see it will be in the days before and after the new moon. During these days, the lit-up edge of the crescent moon is at its thinnest stage. If you observe the Moon before sunrise or after sunset, it may be possible to witness the reflected light from the Earth. For the best experience, choose a location outdoors where there is not too much artificial light. You can use a telescope, but it’s not necessary since the Moon will look just as impressive when viewed with the bare eye. 12. Which of the following is the Da Vinci glow? A B. C. D. 13. What is the main cause of the Da Vinci glow? A. Sunlight received by the Moon’s surface. B. Sunlight reflected from the Earth’s clouds. C. Sunlight reflected from the Earth’s oceans. D. Sunlight received by the Moon’s lit-up edge. 14. Why is the Da Vinci glow an unusual phenomenon? A. It requires specific light conditions. B. It lasts too short to be observed. C. It occurs at the crescent moon stage. D. It needs bright light from the Sun. 15. Which of the following matters most to an ideal observation of the phenomenon? A. A suitable place. B. Good eyesight. C. A special instrument. D. Bright moonlight. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了月球的达·芬奇辉光现象。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This causes most part of the Moon to give off a faint glow, while the rest of the Moon is brightly lit by the sunlight. (这导致月球的大部分发出微弱的光芒，而月球的其余部分则被阳光照亮。)”和第三段中“This phenomenon is named the Da Vinci glow.(这种现象被命名为达·芬奇辉光。)”可知，B项符合达·芬奇辉光现象。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He was almost completely correct, except for one detail: most of the reflected sunlight comes from the clouds in our atmosphere. (他几乎是完全正确的，除了一个细节：大部分反射的阳光来自我们大气层中的云。)”可知，达芬奇辉光主要是地球云层反射的阳光。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中“The Da Vinci glow is not easy to see. Conditions need to be just right. Due to the angles of light, the Moon has to be very low on the horizon.(达·芬奇辉光不容易被看到。条件需要恰到好处。由于光线的角度，月球必须在地平线上非常低。)”可知，达·芬奇辉光是一种不寻常的现象，因为它需要特定的光照条件。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For the best experience, choose a location outdoors where there is not too much artificial light. (为了获得最佳体验，选择室外没有太多人造光的地方。)”可知，一个合适的地方对观察该现象最重要。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。 【点睛】 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____21____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____22____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____23____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____24____ it! Between the girl making my ____25____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____26____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____27____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____28____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____29____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____30____: the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____31____. That day, I got ____32____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____33____. I’ve ____34____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____35____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 21. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 22. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 23. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 24. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 25 A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 26. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 27. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 28. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 29. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 30. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 31. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 32. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 33. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 34. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 35. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my ____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only ____ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____ .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The ____ : the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such ____ .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got ____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever ____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标”，符合语境。故选C项。 【点睛】 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷上写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。 36. He was a good man who was c____________ to his family as well as to his work. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】committed##ommitted 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个对家庭和工作都尽心尽力的好人。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用形容词committed，作表语。故填committed。 37. Lu Xun, a_________(= accept) as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】acknowledged##cknowledged 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：被公认为中国现代最伟大的作家之一的鲁迅，1881年出生于浙江绍兴。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词acknowledge，与Lu Xun构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填acknowledged。 38. It’s v____________ that you (should) mind your table manners when you attend a dinner party. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】vital##ital 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你参加宴会时，注意你的餐桌礼仪是很重要的。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用形容词vital，作表语。故填vital。 39. These smart homes will keep us s________, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】secure##ecure 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些智能家居将保证我们的安全，节省我们的能源，并提供一个更舒适的生活环境。分析句子结构可知，空格处用形容词作宾语补足语，根据常识和首字母提示s可知，智能家居将保证我们的安全，因此空格处为“安全的”，其形容词为secure，故填secure。 40. At present, China badly needs top talents who has a good c____________ of natural science. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】command##ommand 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：目前，中国急需精通自然科学的顶尖人才。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处考查固定短语have a good command of，表示“精通，熟练掌握”。故填command。 41. It is indeed an honour for China’s ______(科学的) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scientific 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的科学研究和中医药在世界各地传播的确是一种荣誉。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰名词research，“科学的”表达为形容词scientific，作定语。故填scientific。 42. Einstein was not only a ______(天才); he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】genius 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是个天才，他是一个勇敢而善良的人物，受到许多人的喜爱。“天才”表达为名词genius，根据空前的不定冠词a，可知空格处应用单数形式，作表语。故填genius。 43. Smart toilets will be keeping ________ (持续的) track of your health as well.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】constant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：智能厕所也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。 修饰名词用形容词作定语，根据句意和汉语提示应填形容词constant“持续的”作定语，故填constant。 44. They advocate a simple life with an ________(强调) on hard work, family, and community. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emphasis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们倡导一种简单的生活，强调努力工作，家庭和社会。根据空格前的an 可知空格处是单数名词作宾语，再由汉语提示可知填emphasis。 45. There are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the ______(缺席) of new technology. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】absence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：世界上有许多不同群体的人在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。“缺席”表达为名词absence，为不可数名词，此处考查介词短语in the absence of，意为“不存在；无……时，缺少……时”，为固定搭配。故填absence。 第三节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. There is nothing we can do to help Alice,______ circumstances are beyond our control. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们帮不了爱丽丝，她处境超出了我们的控制。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Alice(指人)在从句中作circumstances的定语成分。故填whose。 47. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ________ is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣誉之一。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Nobel Prize是物，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 48. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid_________________(obtain) from this to treat malaria. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】obtained 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他们尝试煮沸新鲜的艾草，并使用从中获得的液体治疗疟疾。句中有谓语tried，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词liquid，动词obtain(获得)和名词liquid被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填obtained。 49. Upon ____________ (hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.” (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hearing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当得知自己获得诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这荣誉不只是我一个人的。”空处作介词Upon的宾语，应用hear“听说”的动名词形式，upon doing意为“一……就……”，用于描述一个动作完成后紧接着发生的另一个动作。故填hearing。 50. Don’t call me between 12: 30 and 13: 00 this afternoon. I ____________ (take) a nap. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be taking 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：今天下午12:30到13:00之间不要给我打电话。我要小睡一会儿。根据上文12: 30 and 13: 00 this afternoon可知表示将来某段时间正在发生的事情，用将来进行时，故填will be taking。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以我最崇拜的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 崇拜的原因。 注意： 1. 词数 80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The person I admire most is Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was young, he traveled around to study medicine. His medical skills are comprehensive, especially good at surgery. He was the first to use general anesthesia for surgical operations and was honored as the “ancestor of surgery” by later generations. I admire Hua Tuo because he treated many people throughout his life. He was a milestone in Chinese medical field and played an important role in promoting the development of Chinese medicine. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“你敬佩的一位名人”为主题，写一篇短文参加学校正在组织的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 著名的：famous→well-known 尤其：especially→in particular 被誉为：be honored as→be praised as 在……中起重要作用：play an important role in→play an important part in 2. 句式拓展 句型转换 原句：His medical skills are comprehensive, especially good at surgery. 拓展句：Not only are his medical skills comprehensive, but also he is good at surgery. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When he was young, he traveled around to study medicine.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I admire Hua Tuo because he treated many people throughout his life.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。 Desiree, a 4-year-old girl, was sobbing quietly over her father, Ken, who had died nine months earlier. She was hugging a photograph of her father with her fingers running around his face. “Daddy”, she said softly, “Why won't you come back?” Instead of gradually adjusting to her father's death, Desiree refused to accept it “Daddy will be home soon,” she'd tell her mother. “He's at work.” When she played with her toy telephone, she pretended she was chatting with her father “I miss you, Daddy,” she'd say. “When will you come back?” Desiree's situation made her mother worried. Days later, it was Ken's birthday. “How will I send him a card?” Desiree asked her mother “How about if we tie a litter to a balloon.” her mother said, “and send it up to heaven?” Desiree's eyes immediately lit up. Her mother took her to a store and Desiree picked out a balloon with HAPPY BIRTHDAY above a drawing of The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). Desire and her father had often watched it. The child's eyes shone as they were on the way to Ken's grave. Then Desiree dictated (口述) a letter to her Dad. “Daddy, Happy birthday, I love you and miss you,” she rattled off (快速说). “I hope you get this and can write to me on my birthday in January.” Her mother wrote the message and their address on a small piece of paper, which was then wrapped in plastic and tied to the end of the string on the balloon. Finally, Desiree let fly the balloon. For almost an hour, they watched the shining spot of silver grow smaller and smaller till disappear. “Now Dad's going to write back to me,” Desiree said confidently. Every day since they'd flew the balloon, Desiree had asked her mother, “Do you think Daddy has my balloon yet?” Several weeks passed, and she stopped asking. Paragraph 1 One day, 3,000 miles away, Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eyes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Desire's fifth birthday came and later on the afternoon, a package arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 One day, 3, 000 miles away, Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eye. Curious, he approached to find a silver balloon, with a piece of paper at the end of the string, wrapped in plastic. Taking it home, Wade read the touching lines to his wife Donna. She was deeply moved. With tears in her eyes, Donna decided to help Desiree. The couple went to buy a birthday card and a book of The Little Mermaid, and then she began to write a letter to Desiree. Paragraph 2 Desiree’s fifth birthday came and later on the afternoon, a package arrived. Looking at the unfamiliar return address, Desiree’s mother was confused. Suddenly an idea struck her: the balloon! She opened the parcel and found a card with “For a Dear Daughter”. Her heart raced. She rushed to Desiree’s room and showed her the letter. “It’s from Daddy!” Desiree jumped with joy, asking her mother to read it for her. “Happy birthday, my little angel!” Her mother began. A big tear began to trickle down Desiree’s cheek. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇读后续写。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，4岁的小女孩Desiree 9个月前失去了父亲，她没有适应父亲的去世，认为父亲在工作，在父亲生日那天，她想给父亲寄卡片，母亲带她去商店买了气球，写了一封信绑在气球上，自从放飞了气球，她每天都问妈妈爸爸收到了没，直到几个星期后她不问了。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一天，3000英里外，韦德正在猎鸭子，突然灌木丛中有什么东西引起了他的注意。本段应该写韦德出于好奇去查看，发现了这个银色气球和上面的信，他把信带回家，他的妻子看了信的内容，深受感动，决定帮助Desiree，回信给Desiree。第二段开头是：Desiree的五岁生日到了，下午晚些时候，一个包裹送来了。本段应该写Desiree的妈妈拿着包裹，立马想到了这个包裹可能与气球有关，打开包裹后，发现是给女儿Desiree的，她立马给女儿看，Desiree看了信后，非常开心和感动。 注意所续写短文词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：at the end of，decide to do sth.，rush to，trickle down等高级词汇；Taking it home和Looking at the unfamiliar return address非谓语动词短语，with a piece of paper at the end of the string和With tears in her eyes是with复合结构等高级句式。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 济宁市育才中学2023级高二上学期阶段性测试 英语试题 2024. 10 注意事项： 1. 满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 3. 选择题答案必须用铅笔涂在答题卡上，非选择题答案请用黑色签字笔填到答题卡上的相应位置。考试结束，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What exercise does the woman usually do right now? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Swımming. 2. What is the weather like? A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Wet. 3 How does the woman get to work probably? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. 4. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Walking. B. Working. C. Studying. 5. What might be the age of the man? A. 60. B. 30. C. 9. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What happened to the man's bag? A. It was stolen. B. He forgot where to put it. C. He didn't take it. 7. Why did the fire alarm sound? A. There was a fire- safety practice. B. There was an accident in the lab. C. There was a fire. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Which language is the singer using? A. English. B. Chinese. C. Korean. 9. Who is singing the song? A. A woman. B. A man. C. A child. 10. What is the song about? A. Love. B. War. C. Travel. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13 题。 11. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Dentist and patient. B. Sister and brother. C. Salesman and customer. 12. How can the man be described? A. Serious. B. Flexible. C. Impatient. 13. How many items will the woman want to buy? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 听第9段材料，回答第 14 至 16题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a bedroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In the living room. 15. How does the woman feel? A Calm. B. Amused. C. Frightened. 16. What will the man do next? A. A. Go to sleep. B. Look for the creature. C. Comfort the woman. 听第10段材料，回答第 17 至20题。 17. What is the title of Hannah's album? A. Late Show. B. Glory. C. Arctic. 18. How many academy awards has Martin won? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. 19 What was Chris likely occupation? A. An athlete. B. A singer. C. An actor. 20. Why is Laura leaving the show? A. She will take care of her children. B. She has another job. C. She is moving to another city. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world. Wu Chienshiung (1912—1997) Bon in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world’s first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity (宇称理论) in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu’s critical role in the work was overlooked. Hedy Lamarr (1914—2000) Austria-born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self-taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology. Katherine Johns (1918—2020) African American NASA mathematician Johnson’s calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33-year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”. Tu Youyou (1930—) Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria (疟疾). Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize. 1. Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a(n)________. A. composer B. producer C. actress D. mathematician 2. What is Tu Youyou’s greatest contribution to the world? A. She treated people for malaria. B. Her discovery helped save millions. C. She is the first Chines Nobel winner. D. Her research project is one of a kind. 3. What do the four female scientists have in common? A. They shared the same interest. B. They each constructed a theory. C. They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D. They all made a difference to the world. B Two years ago, Holmes participated in Back to School Bash. He was holding down two jobs at the time — one with the city’s public works department, the other as a barber. Saturday was his busiest hair-cutting day, but he chose to donate his time and give free haircuts to kids from poor families so they’d look neat and clear on that first day of classes. But then an idea hit him — “The kids should earn their free haircut by having to read a book to me,” Holmes said. The idea was so popular that he continued it the first Tuesday of every month for the next two years. Boys from five to ten years old would grab a favorite book, settle into the barber chair, and read aloud while Holmes was doing their hair. If they found a word obscure, Holmes was there to help. After the haircut, they’d review the book, from the characters and vocabulary to the themes — just like in school, only more fun. Holmes, who is married and has two sons, ages three and four, recognizes that not every parent has the time to read with their kids. Holmes admits he, too, benefits from the process. Holmes and his family have recently moved to a small town in Chicago. When they get settled, he plans to take up his role as the Story-book Barber. “The way the world is today with guns and violence,” he says. “It’s a safe heaven for the kids, to come to the barbershop and read books.” 4. What do we know about Holmes? A. He lived a hard life. B. He was the busiest barber in the city. C. He offered free haircuts to the poor kids. D. He organized Back to School Bash. 5. What did the boys do during the haircut? A. Reading books aloud. B. Discussing the characters. C. Reviewing the vocabulary. D. Talking about their favorite books. 6. What does the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Simple. B. Awkward. C. Attractive . D. Confusing. 7. Which of the following can best describe Holmes? A. Brave and creative. B. Caring and helpful. C. Honest and positive. D. Lucky and outgoing. C There’s no doubt that football is the global sport. Though basketball, tennis, and other sports are popular too, nothing comes close to football. Being played in every country in the world, football provides dozens of superstars. The numbers are greater when compared to any other sport, and this drives the popularity of football up. Have you ever wondered when the sport started and became popular? Football has its origin (起源) in China and has a history of more than 2,000 years. However, modern football originally appeared in Britain in the 19th century. Folk football matches had been played before in many cities and towns, but never on a professional level. Football became a winter sport game played in different schools. The rules were carried out by each school, and this made it difficult for players to play an official game with each other. It all changed in 1849 at the University of Cambridge that invented a set of standard rules known as the Cambridge rules of football. From that moment, a new star sport was born. By the early 20th century, football had spread all across Europe. In 1904, FIFA was set up. There are seven original members, including France, Denmark and Spain, FIFA became the governing body for many associations in Europe. England’s international success improved the popularity of the sport in the country. The league (联赛) in Britain was set up in 1992. From the 1990s, it became a truly impressive piece of football organization, becoming the world’s top football league in the process. Football is obviously the most popular sport in the world. It is impossible for any other sport to take its place, especially with leagues spending billions of pounds every year to stay in the focus. 8. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1? A. To describe the level of football. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To debate the main idea of the text. D. To introduce famous football leagues. 9. Where did modern football first start? A. In China. B. In France. C. In Britain. D. In Spain. 10. Why was it difficult to play an official game before 1849? A. The rules always changed. B. There were no common rules. C. The season made players hard to win. D. Officials made players misunderstand the rules. 11. How is the text mainly developed? A. By time order. B. By space order. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. D Have you ever seen the Moon rising over your town or city? It can appear very large when it is low on the horizon. Our moon goes through phases(月相) and it looks a little different every day. When the whole moon is lit up, it is called a full moon. When the Moon is entirely dark, it’s a new moon. When there is only a thin edge of the circle shining, it’s a crescent moon. When a crescent moon is rising, we can occasionally see a unique event. When the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon are lined up just right, some of the sunlight that hits the Earth can be reflected onto the Moon. This causes most part of the Moon to give off a faint glow, while the rest of the Moon is brightly lit by the sunlight. This phenomenon is named the Da Vinci glow. It was Leonardo da Vinci, a great artist, inventor and scientist, who explained it for the first time. Sometimes, it is also called “earthshine.” When Da Vinci wrote about earthshine, he suggested that it might be caused by sunlight reflected from the Earth’s oceans. He was almost completely correct, except for one detail: most of the reflected sunlight comes from the clouds in our atmosphere. The reflected light from the Earth is bright enough to light up the side of the Moon that isn’t receiving direct sunlight. The Da Vinci glow is not easy to see. Conditions need to be just right. Due to the angles of light, the Moon has to be very low on the horizon. The best time to see it will be in the days before and after the new moon. During these days, the lit-up edge of the crescent moon is at its thinnest stage. If you observe the Moon before sunrise or after sunset, it may be possible to witness the reflected light from the Earth. For the best experience, choose a location outdoors where there is not too much artificial light. You can use a telescope, but it’s not necessary since the Moon will look just as impressive when viewed with the bare eye. 12. Which of the following is the Da Vinci glow? A. B. C. D. 13. What is the main cause of the Da Vinci glow? A. Sunlight received by the Moon’s surface. B. Sunlight reflected from the Earth’s clouds. C. Sunlight reflected from the Earth’s oceans. D. Sunlight received by the Moon’s lit-up edge. 14. Why is the Da Vinci glow an unusual phenomenon? A. It requires specific light conditions. B. It lasts too short to be observed. C. It occurs at the crescent moon stage. D. It needs bright light from the Sun. 15. Which of the following matters most to an ideal observation of the phenomenon? A. A suitable place. B. Good eyesight. C. A special instrument. D. Bright moonlight. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___ So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____21____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____22____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____23____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____24____ it! Between the girl making my ____25____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____26____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____27____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____28____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____29____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____30____: the roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____31____. That day, I got ____32____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____33____. I’ve ____34____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____35____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 21. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 22. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 23. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 24. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 25. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 26. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 27. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 28. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 29. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 30. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 31. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 32. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 33. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 34. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 35. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷上写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。 36. He was a good man who was c____________ to his family as well as to his work. (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. Lu Xun, a_________(= accept) as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881. (根据首字母单词拼写) 38. It’s v____________ that you (should) mind your table manners when you attend a dinner party. (根据首字母单词拼写) 39. These smart homes will keep us s________, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. (根据首字母单词拼写) 40. At present, China badly needs top talents who has a good c____________ of natural science. (根据首字母单词拼写) 41. It is indeed an honour for China’s ______(科学的) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42 Einstein was not only a ______(天才); he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. Smart toilets will be keeping ________ (持续的) track of your health as well.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 44. They advocate a simple life with an ________(强调) on hard work, family, and community. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. There are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the ______(缺席) of new technology. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第三节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. There is nothing we can do to help Alice,______ circumstances are beyond our control. (用适当的词填空) 47. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ________ is considered one of the highest international honors a person can receive. (用适当的词填空) 48. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid_________________(obtain) from this to treat malaria. （所给词适当形式填空） 49. Upon ____________ (hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.” (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Don’t call me between 12: 30 and 13: 00 this afternoon. I ____________ (take) a nap. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以我最崇拜的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1. 人物简介； 2. 崇拜的原因。 注意： 1. 词数 80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。 Desiree, a 4-year-old girl, was sobbing quietly over her father, Ken, who had died nine months earlier. She was hugging a photograph of her father with her fingers running around his face. “Daddy”, she said softly, “Why won't you come back?” Instead of gradually adjusting to her father's death, Desiree refused to accept it “Daddy will be home soon,” she'd tell her mother. “He's at work.” When she played with her toy telephone, she pretended she was chatting with her father “I miss you, Daddy,” she'd say. “When will you come back?” Desiree's situation made her mother worried. Days later, it was Ken's birthday. “How will I send him a card?” Desiree asked her mother “How about if we tie a litter to a balloon.” her mother said, “and send it up to heaven?” Desiree's eyes immediately lit up. Her mother took her to a store and Desiree picked out a balloon with HAPPY BIRTHDAY above a drawing of The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). Desire and her father had often watched it. The child's eyes shone as they were on the way to Ken's grave. Then Desiree dictated (口述) a letter to her Dad. “Daddy, Happy birthday, I love you and miss you,” she rattled off (快速说). “I hope you get this and can write to me on my birthday in January.” Her mother wrote the message and their address on a small piece of paper, which was then wrapped in plastic and tied to the end of the string on the balloon. Finally, Desiree let fly the balloon. For almost an hour, they watched the shining spot of silver grow smaller and smaller till disappear. “Now Dad's going to write back to me,” Desiree said confidently. Every day since they'd flew the balloon, Desiree had asked her mother, “Do you think Daddy has my balloon yet?” Several weeks passed, and she stopped asking. Paragraph 1 One day, 3,000 miles away, Wade was on a duck hunt when suddenly something in the bush caught his eyes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Desire's fifth birthday came and later on the afternoon, a package arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $