【同步100分背默】Unit6 Healthy diet知识清单-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册同步知识背默（沪教牛津版）

【同步100分背默】Unit6 Healthy diet知识清单 一．重点词汇背默 词性 单词 音标 释义 拓展 n. *preference /'pref(ə)r(ə)ns/ 偏爱；喜爱 prefer v.偏爱；喜爱 review /rɪ'vjuː/ 评价；评论 bean /biːn/ 豆；豆荚 beef /biːf/ 牛肉 roast beef烤牛肉 product /'prɒdʌkt/ 产品；制品 produce v.产生 *protein /'prəʊtiːn/ 蛋白质 hamburger /'hæmbɜːgə/ 汉堡包 /近/ burger n.汉堡包 *cola /'kəʊlə/ 一杯(或一罐、一瓶)可乐 sandwich /'sæn(d)wɪdʒ/ 三明治 /pl./ sandwiches salad /'sæləd/ 色拉 fruit salad水果色拉 fat /fæt/ 脂肪 animal fat动物油 sugar /'ʃʊgə/ 食糖 white sugar白糖 state /steɪt/ 说明 state one’s view/opinion 陈述观点 research /rɪ'sɜːtʃ/ 研究；调查 /近/ study plenty /'plentɪ/ 大量；充足 plenty of大量的 coffee /'kɒfɪ/ 咖啡 a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 customer /'kʌstəmə/ 顾客 /近/consumer title /'taɪt(ə)l/ 标题；题目 /近/ headline pound /paʊnd/ 英镑 pie /paɪ/ 果馅饼；果馅派 fruit pie水果馅饼 *chip /tʃɪp/ 炸薯条 service /'sɜːvɪs/ 服务 serve v.提供 v. treat /triːt/ 买(可享受的东西)；治疗；把……看作 /近/cure；treat oneself to sth.给自己买某物 treat……as……=regard……as…… serve /sɜːv/ 提供 service n.服务 seat /siːt/ (使)就座 /近/ sit v.坐下；n.座位offer a seat让座 adj. medical /'medɪk(ə)l/ 医疗的 medical examination体格检查 necessary /'nesəs(ə)rɪ/ 必需的；必要的 /反/ unnecessary usual /'juːʒʊəl/ 通常的；寻常的 usually adv.通常 /反/ unusual adj.反常的 二．重点短语背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 a balanced diet 均衡饮食 2 fail her cooking exam 烹饪考试失败 3 dairy products 乳制品 4 take place 发生 5 a large cola 一份大可乐 6 sound terrible 听起来糟糕 7 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 8 stay away from 远离 9 fried food and soft drinks 油炸食品和软饮料 10 medical examination 体格检查 11 lose weight 减肥 12 it's necessary for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人而言是必要的 13 plenty of 大量，充足 14 in general 通常，大体上 15 treat oneself to sth. 给自己买某物 16 unhealthy for you 对你不健康 17 eating habits 饮食习惯 18 fast food 快餐，速食 19 the reason for… …的原因 20 serve traditional English food 提供英国传统没事 21 remind sb. of… 让某人想起… 22 be seated 就坐 23 be prepared to do sth. 愿意做某事 24 spend a lot of time waiting for your food 花费很多时间等你的食物 25 be unknown to… 不为…所知 26 the rest of 剩下的，剩余的，其他的 27 in the beginning 起初 28 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 29 in public 在公众场合 30 be safe to to do sth. 做某事是安全的 三．易错点记忆 1.balanced:adj.均衡的 He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.他喝咖啡和吸烟都比以前少了，饮食也均衡了 【同根词】balance n.&v.平衡 【固定搭配】 keep balance保持平衡； a balanced diet均衡饮食 1. The medicine could affect your balance.这种药可能会影响你的平衡。 2. Can you balance on one foot?你能独脚站着保持平衡吗？ 3. You should learn to keep balance.你应该要学会保持平 4. It's important for us to have a balanced diet.均衡饮食对我们很重要。 2.stay away from的用法 教材原文　I’ve decided to stay away from fried food and soft drinks.我已经决定要远离油炸食物和软饮料。 stay away from意为“离开,不接近”,相当于keep away from。如: He told his children to stay away from electric things.他告诉他的孩子们要远离带电的东西。 In daily life,everyone should 　　     lies. After all, being honest comes first. A.pay attention to　　　B.get used to C.stay away from 解: pay attention to关注,留意;get used to习惯于;stay away from远离。根据语境可知,此处表示“在日常生活中,每个人都应该远离谎言”。故选C。 3.mean的用法 教材原文　A balanced diet means having different kinds of healthy food every day.均衡的饮食意味着每天要吃不同种类的健康食物。 mean在此处为及物动词,意为“意味着,意思是”,mean的过去式和过去分词都是meant。 辨析 mean to do sth.与mean doing sth. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 根据句意和汉语提示写单词 —Which sign　　 　    (意思是) that you can park your car here? —The fourth sign. means 4.plenty of的用法 教材原文　Research shows that each day you should have plenty of fruit,vegetables and grain products such as noodles and bread.研究表明,你应该每天吃充足的水果、蔬菜和谷物制品,如面条和面包。 plenty of 意为“大量的,许多,充足的”,既可修饰复数可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词,相当于a lot of或lots of。如: Plenty of stores stay open late.许多商店都营业到很晚。 注意 当“plenty of+名词”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于plenty of后的名词。如: Plenty of time has been wasted by him.他浪费了许多时间。 There are plenty of bottled drinks on sale.有许多瓶装饮料在出售。 5.order的用法 教材原文　Mary is calling the Corner Cafe to order lunch.玛丽正在给街角咖啡店打电话订购午餐。 order在此处用作动词,意为“订购,点(酒菜等)”。如: I ordered some books from that bookstore.我从那个书店订购了一些书。 The doctor ordered he stay there.医生要求他待在那里。 They have ordered 1,000 bikes from our factory.他们已经从我们的工厂订购了1,000辆自行车了。 The factory has received an order for 2,000 machine tools.工厂收到了一张订购2,000 台机床的订单。 6.would rather的用法 教材原文　I’d rather have a cup of tea. 我更愿意喝一杯茶。 would rather 意为“宁愿”,其常用缩写形式为“-’d rather”,后接动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化,否定形式为would rather not (do)。 如:Ms Smith would rather eat some bread.史密斯女士更愿意吃一些面包。 拓展 would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,相当于prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.。 —Exercising is good for our health. —You're right. So I’d rather 　 　    an hour’s walk than 　 　    in front of the computer. A.to take;sit B.take;sit C.take;sitting　　　 D.to take;sitting 解:此处考查固定搭配would rather do sth. than do sth.(宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)。故选B。 7.prefer的用法 教材原文　I'd prefer a glass of orange juice.我更想要一杯橙汁。 prefer在此处作及物动词,意为“更喜欢”,相当于like...better。 preference为其名词形式。如: I prefer walking to climbing.我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 Many people expressed a strong 　　     (prefer) for the Flower Show in Lianhua Hill Park. preference 8.remind的用法 教材原文　The fish pie reminded me of my grandma. 鱼肉馅饼让我想起了我的奶奶。 remind为及物动词,意为“使想起,提醒”。常用搭配remind sb. of sth./sb.意为“使某人想起某物/某人”。如: This story reminds me of my childhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。 拓展 remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”。如: I think it necessary for you to remind him to attend the meeting.我认为你有必要提醒他参加会议。 Mother’s Day 　　     us once every year to be thankful to mothers. A.reminds　　　 B.warns C.requires　　　 D.promises 解:句意:母亲节每年提醒我们一次要感谢母亲。remind提醒;warn警告;require需要;promise保证。由句意可知选A。 9.until的用法 教材原文　We were seated at 7 p.m., but we did not receive our food until 7:40 p.m. 我们晚上7点钟就座,但直到晚上7:40才吃上饭。 until在句中用作介词,意为“直到……为止”,其后接表示时间点的名词(短语)、代词等。如: You may stay until morning, if you wish.如果你愿意,你可以一直待到早晨。 拓展 (1)until还可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。 (2)当until用在“not...until...”结构中时,主句的谓语动词常用非延续性动词,表动作或状态直到从句所表示的时间才发生;而当 until用于肯定句中时,主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直延续到从句所表示的时间为止。 We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t show up 　　    12. A.if　　　B.until　　　C.after　　　D.when 解:句意:上周日我们说定10点在公园见,但是鲍勃直到12点才露面。由句意可知,此处考查“not...until...”结构,意为“直到……才……”,故选B。 10.realize的用法 教材原文　Who realizes that the food on their plate—谁知盘中餐—— realize在此处用作及物动词,意为“理解,领会”。如: I’m sorry that I didn’t realize that.很遗憾我并没有认识到那点。 拓展 realize作及物动词时,还可意为“实现,将……变为现实”。如: She studies hard to realize her dream.为了实现自己的梦想,她努力学习。 根据句意及汉语提示写单词 I 　　     (意识到) that you wanted me to stay here. realized 11. medical: adj. In fact, we should have medical examination once a year事实，我们应该年做一次体检。 【同根词】medicine n 药 【固定搭配】take medicine吃药；服药 1. Her doctor says she has to rest and take medicine twice a day.医生说她必须休息,并且每天要吃两次药。 12.necessary: adj.必需 It doesn't seem necessary for us to meet.我们似乎没有必要见面。 【同根词】necessarily adv.必然地，不可避免地 necessity n.需要，必需品，必然性 常用句型：It is necessary for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是有必要的。例如： 1. The rich are not necessarily happy.有钱未必快乐。 2. Water is a basic necessity of life.水是一种基本生活必需品。 3. It is necessary for you to do exercise every day.你有必要每天做运动。 13.treat:买（可享受的东西）；对待 I am going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.我打算给自己买双新鞋。 It is polite for us to treat others in a friendly way.友好待人对我们来说是礼貌的。 【同根词】treatment n治疗；处理；对待 常用句型：treat oneself to sth.给自己买某物 1.Many patients don't get the medical treatment they need. 许多病人都没有得到他们需要的医疗。 2.We don't want any special treatment. 我们不需要任何特别对待。 3.She treated herself to some beautiful dresses. 她给自己买了一些漂亮的裙子。 14. seat: v.(使)就座（作及物动词） 【固定搭配】be seated就座； seat oneself就座Mary seated herself on the doorstep.。 【拓展】seat n.座位 1.Would you prefer a window seat or an aisle seat? 你想要靠窗的座位还是靠过道的座位? 15. I've decided to stay away from fried food and soft drinks.我已经决定远离油炸食物和软饮料。 (1)decide to do sth.决定做某事，相当于 make up one's mind to do sth.或 make adeaision to do sth.,: (2)stay away from避：远离……： 1.I decide to give up smoking. 我下定决心戒烟。 =I make up my mind to give up smoking. =I make a decision to give up smoking. 2.I think teenagers should stay away from computer games我认为青少年应该远离电脑游戏。 16.The doctor said that I needed to lose a bit of weight by avoiding fat, oil and sugar. 医生说我需要通过避免摄入脂肪、油和糖来减轻一点体重。 (1)常用句型：need to dosth.需要做某事。 (2)固定短语lose weight减肥；瘦身；减轻体重。 (3) a bit of一点，少许：后面接不可数名词，相当于a little。 (4)by在此句中作介词,后面接名词或动名词,在句中充当方式状语。 1.I need to know how you are getting on with your classmates我需要知道你和你的同学相处得怎样。 2.You should do more exercise to lose weight你应该多做运动来减肥。 3.Tom has a bit of money.=Tom has a little money.汤姆有一点钱。 4.Don't judge a person by appearances.不要以貌取人。 5.He made a living by teaching. 他以教书为生。 17.Learn to express preferences. preference此处用作可数名词,意为：偏爱，喜好 prefer动词，意为：更喜欢，宁愿 prefer A to B. 相对于B更喜欢A prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事 1.A polar bear has a preference for cold weather. 北极熊喜欢寒冷的天气。 2.I will give preference to designers who have relevant experience. (优先选择,此时用作不可数) 4. Which one do you prefer, milk or coffee? 你想要牛奶还是咖啡？ 四．课内语法填空 Cantonese cuisine Cantonese food originated in Guangdong in southern China but it can now 1 (find) in homes and restaurants all over the word. It is so popular 2 it is the first Chinese cuisine to have its own section in the famous Michelin Guide, 3 writes about good food and restaurants. Cantonese dishes are light, healthy and designed to use fresh, local products. They are cooked quicky at a high heat often in 4 flat clay pot or a round-bottomed wok. This keeps the original flavours of the ingredients. Some light seasonings such 5 ginger and soy sauce are used but only in small amounts to 6 (strength) the flavours of the ingredients. Besides, a lot of seafood is used in Cantonese cuisine. Many restaurants have fish tanks to keep seafood alive and fresh. Soup is important in Cantonese cuisine. Old fire soup 7 ( prepare) by cooking meat and other ingredients over a low heat for long hours. Chinese herbs are often used to create the soup's good flavour. Cantonese soup is well known 8 its methods for keeping the original flavours of the ingredients. Cantonese food is also famous for dim sum dishes that are usually small and very 9 (taste). Dishes such as jiaozi and rice rolls are often cooked in bamboo baskets. Restaurants often take these baskets to dinners at the tables so that they can choose the dishes they would like to eat. It is common for people 10 (go )to a tea house, dink tea and eat dim sum. This Cantonese tradition is called Yum Cha. Cantonese food is very tasty and healthy. It uses fresh products and special cooking methods which have made it a cuisine that can be enjoyed by diners round the word. 答案：1.be found 2.that 3.which 4.a 5.as 6.strengthen 7.is prepared 8.for 9.tasty 10.to go 五．语法点背默 宾语从句 一、概念 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 二、用法：学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1、连接词 ①由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 他说他想呆在家里。 She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 她不知道她病得很重。 I am sure (that) he will succeed. 我相信他会成功。 ②由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道是否他住在那儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 ③由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for ? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 2、语序—陈述语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。例如： ( √ ) I don’t know which city they will fly to. (×) I don’t know which city will they fly to. 3、时态 ①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. ②如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某个时态（一般过去时，过去 进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. ③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不 管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 相关语法--直接引语和间接引语用法 一、概述  引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 （即间接引语是宾语从句） Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.” 布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语）  Mr. Black said that he was busy. 布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语）  二、直接引语变间接引语 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去）。 直接引语如果是一般疑问句句，变为间接引语时，用连词whether/if引导。 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用连词对应的特殊疑问词引导。 从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、   时态的变化  直接引语 间接引语 时态变化 The house is dirty. She said (that) the house was dirty. 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 I am expecting visitors. She said (that) she was expecting visitors. 现在进行时时 → 过去进行时 I washed the car. I said (that) I had washed the car. 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 You haven’t tidied the house. She said (that) I hadn’t tidied the house. 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 I am going to keep your pocket money. She said (that) she was going to keep my pocket money. 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 I’ll wash up. I said (that) I would wash up. will → would You can’t go out. She said (that) I couldn’t go out. can → could 以下单词时态不需要改 I couldn’t understand. He said that he couldn’t understand. could/would/should Your friends should help. She said my friends should help. 过去完成时 特殊情况 You must stay at home. She said I had to stay at home. must → had to You mustn’t do that again. She said I mustn’t do that again. must → mustn’t  注意：直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时，变为间接引语时，时态不变。  The teacher said, “The earth is round. ” The teacher said that the earth is  round. He said, “I was born in Shangdong in 1965.”  He said that he was born in Shangdong in 1965. He said, “Columbus discovered America in 1492.” He said Columbus discovered America in 1492. 2、   人称的变化 (根据具体语境，灵活变化) 直接引语 间接引语 I he/she you Them/ us my His/her we They our Their I can’t go out with you because my mother has kept my money. --- He said he couldn’t go out with them because his mother had kept his money. --- She said she couldn’t go out with them because her mother had kept her money. --- They said they couldn’t go out with you because his mother had kept their money. 3、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的相应变化         today That day here There tonight That night This That tomorrow The next day Next week The following day Now Then yesterday The day before Last week The week before I bought some bread here in this shop yesterday. → She said she had bought some bread there in that shop the day before. 一、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 那个运动背包很时尚, 我不确定它是否是棉质的。 The __________________ is very fashionable. I’m not sure __________________ . 2. 埃米不知道黄色在中国古代曾经是统治者使用的颜色。 Amy didn’t know ____________________________________ . 3. 保罗想知道颜色与情绪之间是否有关系。 Paul wanted to know ____________________________________ . 4. 你注意到穿浅色衣服能使人看起来更年轻吗? Do you ______________________ can make people _______________________________ ? 5. 我觉得穿什么衣服取决于个人喜好。 I think what to wear ____________________________________ . 6. 如今, 互联网已经成为我们日常生活的一部分了。 Nowadays, the Internet has ____________________________________ . 7. 中国人在春节更喜欢红色。 ________________________________________________________________________ 8. 你觉得颜色在很多方面影响我们的日常生活吗? ________________________________________________________________________ 1. sports bag; if/whether it is made of cotton 2. (that) yellow was once the colour of the rulers in ancient China 3. if/whether there is a relationship between colours and moods 4. notice (that) wearing light colours; look younger 5. depends on personal taste 6. become part of our everyday lives 7. Chinese people preferred in the Spring Festival. 8. Do you think colours influence our everyday life in many ways? 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 丹尼尔想知道为什么他有时候难以表达自己。 Daniel wonders ____________________________________________________________________ . 2. 谁知道现在正上映什么电影? Who knows ____________________________________________________________________ now? 3. 你能告诉我哪儿能买到这样一本字 典吗? Can you tell me ____________________________________________________________________ ? 4. 我们不确定能否找到解决这个问题的最佳方法。 We are not sure ____________________________________________________________________ . 5. 你最好让你的父母知道你现在最需要他们。 ____________________________________________________________________ 6. 让我们得到他的答复后再做决定吧! ____________________________________________________________________ 7. 你为什么不与别人分享你的烦恼呢? ____________________________________________________________________ 8. 读一读这本关于青少年问题的书怎么样? ____________________________________________________________________ 1. why he sometimes has difficulty expressing himself 2. what films are on now 3. where I can/where to buy such a dictionary 4. if/whether we can find the best method/way to solve the problem 5. You had better 1et your parents know (that) you need them most now. 6. Let’s make a decision after we get his reply/replies. 7. Why do you/Why not share your worries with others? 8. What/How about reading the book on teenage problems? 六．写作背默 Unit6健康生活 根据国家卫生局数据统计，近期将要迎来今年冬天的流感高峰期，其中学生是受影响最大的群体。由此，校报英文专栏特别组织了征稿活动，题目为“How to protect ourselves from flu”,请你根据以下提示写一篇短文，从对抗流感以及养成健康生活习惯两方面阐述应采取的具体措施。 要点 对抗流感 1.在公共场合戴口罩； 2.出现流鼻涕或喉咙痛等症状及时就医 健康生活 1.均衡饮食，例如…… 2.…… 提出倡议 呼吁大家行动起来 注意： 1.80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数); 2.要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3:不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清晰，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 参考词汇：流感flu 流鼻涕have a running nose 喉咙痛have a sore throat 症状symptoms 参考范文： How to protect ourselves from flu Recently,the flu season has started and may last for over two weeks.How to protect ourselves is of the greatest importance.I would like to offer you some advice. Firstly,we need to take steps to fight against the flu.For example,it is necessary for us to wear masks in public places.Besides,if you are feeling unwell and having symptoms like a sore throat or a running nose,please go to the doctor immediately. Secondly,forming/developing healthy habits is also significant.We can fight infection more easily if we have a balanced diet.Please make sure that enough vegetables and fruit are included in your meals.Moreover,it is also a good choice to do sports regularly. In order to protect ourselves from the flu and enjoy a healthy life,take action from now on. Living a healthy life First of all,we need to form good eating habits.It's good for us to have a big breakfast.We'd better eat more fruit and vegetables.We shouldn't have too much meat or sugar.It's healthy for us to have enough sleep.Second,it's necessary for us to do more exercise.We can ride or walk to school.We should take an active part in all kinds of activities.Keeping clean is also important.We must wash our hands often so that we can prevent some diseases from spreading.Last but not least,we'd better have a good mood.It's wise of you to develop a hobby to deal with the stress.As a teenager,we should help each other and get on well with others.We should pay no attention to others who laugh at us. In a word,the healthier life we live,the happier we will feel. $$【同步100分背默】Unit6 Healthy diet知识清单 一．重点词汇背默 词性 单词 音标 释义 拓展 n. /'pref(ə)r(ə)ns/ 偏爱；喜爱 prefer v.偏爱；喜爱 /rɪ'vjuː/ 评价；评论 /biːn/ 豆；豆荚 /biːf/ 牛肉 roast beef烤牛肉 /'prɒdʌkt/ 产品；制品 produce v.产生 /'prəʊtiːn/ 蛋白质 /'hæmbɜːgə/ 汉堡包 /近/ burger n.汉堡包 /'kəʊlə/ 一杯(或一罐、一瓶)可乐 /'sæn(d)wɪdʒ/ 三明治 /pl./ sandwiches /'sæləd/ 色拉 fruit salad水果色拉 /fæt/ 脂肪 animal fat动物油 /'ʃʊgə/ 食糖 white sugar白糖 /steɪt/ 说明 state one’s view/opinion 陈述观点 /rɪ'sɜːtʃ/ 研究；调查 /近/ study /'plentɪ/ 大量；充足 plenty of大量的 /'kɒfɪ/ 咖啡 a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 /'kʌstəmə/ 顾客 /近/consumer /'taɪt(ə)l/ 标题；题目 /近/ headline /paʊnd/ 英镑 /paɪ/ 果馅饼；果馅派 fruit pie水果馅饼 /tʃɪp/ 炸薯条 /'sɜːvɪs/ 服务 serve v.提供 v. /triːt/ 买(可享受的东西)；治疗；把……看作 /近/cure；treat oneself to sth.给自己买某物 treat……as……=regard……as…… /sɜːv/ 提供 service n.服务 /siːt/ (使)就座 /近/ sit v.坐下；n.座位offer a seat让座 adj. /'medɪk(ə)l/ 医疗的 medical examination体格检查 /'nesəs(ə)rɪ/ 必需的；必要的 /反/ unnecessary /'juːʒʊəl/ 通常的；寻常的 usually adv.通常 /反/ unusual adj.反常的 二．重点短语背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 均衡饮食 2 烹饪考试失败 3 乳制品 4 发生 5 一份大可乐 6 听起来糟糕 7 决定做某事 8 远离 9 油炸食品和软饮料 10 体格检查 11 减肥 12 做某事对某人而言是必要的 13 大量，充足 14 通常，大体上 15 给自己买某物 16 对你不健康 17 饮食习惯 18 快餐，速食 19 …的原因 20 提供英国传统没事 21 让某人想起… 22 就坐 23 愿意做某事 24 花费很多时间等你的食物 25 不为…所知 26 剩下的，剩余的，其他的 27 起初 28 拒绝做某事 29 在公众场合 30 做某事是安全的 三．易错点记忆 1.balanced:adj.均衡的 He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.他喝咖啡和吸烟都比以前少了，饮食也均衡了 【同根词】balance n.&v.平衡 【固定搭配】 keep balance保持平衡； a balanced diet均衡饮食 1. The medicine could .这种药可能会影响你的平衡。 2. Can you on one foot?你能独脚站着保持平衡吗？ 3. You should learn to .你应该要学会保持平 4. It's important for us to .均衡饮食对我们很重要。 2.stay away from的用法 教材原文　I’ve decided to stay away from fried food and soft drinks.我已经决定要远离油炸食物和软饮料。 stay away from意为“离开,不接近”,相当于keep away from。如: He told his children to stay away from electric things.他告诉他的孩子们要远离带电的东西。 In daily life,everyone should 　　     lies. After all, being honest comes first. A.pay attention to　　　B.get used to C.stay away from 3.mean的用法 教材原文　A balanced diet means having different kinds of healthy food every day.均衡的饮食意味着每天要吃不同种类的健康食物。 mean在此处为及物动词,意为“意味着,意思是”,mean的过去式和过去分词都是meant。 辨析 mean to do sth.与mean doing sth. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 根据句意和汉语提示写单词 —Which sign　　 　    (意思是) that you can park your car here? —The fourth sign. 4.plenty of的用法 教材原文　Research shows that each day you should have plenty of fruit,vegetables and grain products such as noodles and bread.研究表明,你应该每天吃充足的水果、蔬菜和谷物制品,如面条和面包。 plenty of 意为“大量的,许多,充足的”,既可修饰复数可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词,相当于a lot of或lots of。如: Plenty of stores stay open late.许多商店都营业到很晚。 注意 当“plenty of+名词”在句中作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于plenty of后的名词。如: Plenty of time has been wasted by him.他浪费了许多时间。 There are plenty of bottled drinks on sale.有许多瓶装饮料在出售。 5.order的用法 教材原文　Mary is calling the Corner Cafe to order lunch.玛丽正在给街角咖啡店打电话订购午餐。 order在此处用作动词,意为“订购,点(酒菜等)”。如: I ordered some books from that bookstore.我从那个书店订购了一些书。 The doctor ordered he stay there.医生要求他待在那里。 They have ordered 1,000 bikes from our factory.他们已经从我们的工厂订购了1,000辆自行车了。 The factory has received an order for 2,000 machine tools.工厂收到了一张订购2,000 台机床的订单。 6.would rather的用法 教材原文　I’d rather have a cup of tea. 我更愿意喝一杯茶。 would rather 意为“宁愿”,其常用缩写形式为“-’d rather”,后接动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化,否定形式为would rather not (do)。 如:Ms Smith would rather eat some bread.史密斯女士更愿意吃一些面包。 拓展 would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,相当于prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.。 —Exercising is good for our health. —You're right. So I’d rather 　 　    an hour’s walk than 　 　    in front of the computer. A.to take;sit B.take;sit C.take;sitting　　　 D.to take;sitting 7.prefer的用法 教材原文　I'd prefer a glass of orange juice.我更想要一杯橙汁。 prefer在此处作及物动词,意为“更喜欢”,相当于like...better。 preference为其名词形式。如: I prefer walking to climbing.我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 Many people expressed a strong 　　     (prefer) for the Flower Show in Lianhua Hill Park. 8.remind的用法 教材原文　The fish pie reminded me of my grandma. 鱼肉馅饼让我想起了我的奶奶。 remind为及物动词,意为“使想起,提醒”。常用搭配remind sb. of sth./sb.意为“使某人想起某物/某人”。如: This story reminds me of my childhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。 拓展 remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”。如: I think it necessary for you to remind him to attend the meeting.我认为你有必要提醒他参加会议。 Mother’s Day 　　     us once every year to be thankful to mothers. A.reminds　　　 B.warns C.requires　　　 D.promises 9.until的用法 教材原文　We were seated at 7 p.m., but we did not receive our food until 7:40 p.m. 我们晚上7点钟就座,但直到晚上7:40才吃上饭。 until在句中用作介词,意为“直到……为止”,其后接表示时间点的名词(短语)、代词等。如: You may stay until morning, if you wish.如果你愿意,你可以一直待到早晨。 拓展 (1)until还可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。 (2)当until用在“not...until...”结构中时,主句的谓语动词常用非延续性动词,表动作或状态直到从句所表示的时间才发生;而当 until用于肯定句中时,主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直延续到从句所表示的时间为止。 We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday, but Bob didn’t show up 　　    12. A.if　　　B.until　　　C.after　　　D.when 10.realize的用法 教材原文　Who realizes that the food on their plate—谁知盘中餐—— realize在此处用作及物动词,意为“理解,领会”。如: I’m sorry that I didn’t realize that.很遗憾我并没有认识到那点。 拓展 realize作及物动词时,还可意为“实现,将……变为现实”。如: She studies hard to realize her dream.为了实现自己的梦想,她努力学习。 根据句意及汉语提示写单词 I 　　     (意识到) that you wanted me to stay here. 11. medical: adj. In fact, we should have medical examination once a year事实，我们应该年做一次体检。 【同根词】medicine n 药 【固定搭配】take medicine吃药；服药 1. Her doctor says she has to rest and twice a day.医生说她必须休息,并且每天要吃两次药。 12.necessary: adj.必需 It doesn't seem necessary for us to meet.我们似乎没有必要见面。 【同根词】necessarily adv.必然地，不可避免地 necessity n.需要，必需品，必然性 常用句型：It is necessary for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是有必要的。例如： 1. The rich are not happy.有钱未必快乐。 2. Water is a basic of life.水是一种基本生活必需品。 3. It is for you to do exercise every day.你有必要每天做运动。 13.treat:买（可享受的东西）；对待 I am going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.我打算给自己买双新鞋。 It is polite for us to treat others in a friendly way.友好待人对我们来说是礼貌的。 【同根词】treatment n治疗；处理；对待 常用句型：treat oneself to sth.给自己买某物 1.Many patients don't get the they need. 许多病人都没有得到他们需要的医疗。 2.We don't want any . 我们不需要任何特别对待。 3.She some beautiful dresses. 她给自己买了一些漂亮的裙子。 14. seat: v.(使)就座（作及物动词） 【固定搭配】be seated就座； seat oneself就座Mary seated herself on the doorstep.。 【拓展】seat n.座位 1.Would you prefer a or an aisle ? 你想要靠窗的座位还是靠过道的座位? 15. I've decided to stay away from fried food and soft drinks.我已经决定远离油炸食物和软饮料。 (1)decide to do sth.决定做某事，相当于 make up one's mind to do sth.或 make adeaision to do sth.,: (2)stay away from避：远离……： 1.I decide to give up smoking. 我下定决心戒烟。 =I to give up smoking. =I to give up smoking. 2.I think teenagers should computer games我认为青少年应该远离电脑游戏。 16.The doctor said that I needed to lose a bit of weight by avoiding fat, oil and sugar. 医生说我需要通过避免摄入脂肪、油和糖来减轻一点体重。 (1)常用句型：need to dosth.需要做某事。 (2)固定短语lose weight减肥；瘦身；减轻体重。 (3) a bit of一点，少许：后面接不可数名词，相当于a little。 (4)by在此句中作介词,后面接名词或动名词,在句中充当方式状语。 1.I how you are getting on with your classmates我需要知道你和你的同学相处得怎样。 2.You should do more exercise to 你应该多做运动来减肥。 3.Tom has a bit of money.=Tom has money.汤姆有一点钱。 4.Don't judge a person appearances.不要以貌取人。 5.He made a living teaching. 他以教书为生。 17.Learn to express preferences. preference此处用作可数名词,意为：偏爱，喜好 prefer动词，意为：更喜欢，宁愿 prefer A to B. 相对于B更喜欢A prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事 1.A polar bear cold weather. 北极熊喜欢寒冷的天气。 2.I will designers who have relevant experience. (优先选择,此时用作不可数) 4. Which one do you , milk or coffee? 你想要牛奶还是咖啡？ 四．课内语法填空 Cantonese cuisine Cantonese food originated in Guangdong in southern China but it can now 1 (find) in homes and restaurants all over the word. It is so popular 2 it is the first Chinese cuisine to have its own section in the famous Michelin Guide, 3 writes about good food and restaurants. Cantonese dishes are light, healthy and designed to use fresh, local products. They are cooked quicky at a high heat often in 4 flat clay pot or a round-bottomed wok. This keeps the original flavours of the ingredients. Some light seasonings such 5 ginger and soy sauce are used but only in small amounts to 6 (strength) the flavours of the ingredients. Besides, a lot of seafood is used in Cantonese cuisine. Many restaurants have fish tanks to keep seafood alive and fresh. Soup is important in Cantonese cuisine. Old fire soup 7 ( prepare) by cooking meat and other ingredients over a low heat for long hours. Chinese herbs are often used to create the soup's good flavour. Cantonese soup is well known 8 its methods for keeping the original flavours of the ingredients. Cantonese food is also famous for dim sum dishes that are usually small and very 9 (taste). Dishes such as jiaozi and rice rolls are often cooked in bamboo baskets. Restaurants often take these baskets to dinners at the tables so that they can choose the dishes they would like to eat. It is common for people 10 (go )to a tea house, dink tea and eat dim sum. This Cantonese tradition is called Yum Cha. Cantonese food is very tasty and healthy. It uses fresh products and special cooking methods which have made it a cuisine that can be enjoyed by diners round the word. 五．语法点背默 宾语从句 一、概念 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 二、用法：学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1、连接词 ①由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 他说他想呆在家里。 She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 她不知道她病得很重。 I am sure (that) he will succeed. 我相信他会成功。 ②由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道是否他住在那儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 ③由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for ? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 2、语序—陈述语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。例如： ( √ ) I don’t know which city they will fly to. (×) I don’t know which city will they fly to. 3、时态 ①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. ②如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某个时态（一般过去时，过去 进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. ③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不 管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 相关语法--直接引语和间接引语用法 一、概述  引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 （即间接引语是宾语从句） Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.” 布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语）  Mr. Black said that he was busy. 布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语）  二、直接引语变间接引语 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去）。 直接引语如果是一般疑问句句，变为间接引语时，用连词whether/if引导。 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用连词对应的特殊疑问词引导。 从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、   时态的变化  直接引语 间接引语 时态变化 The house is dirty. She said (that) the house was dirty. 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 I am expecting visitors. She said (that) she was expecting visitors. 现在进行时时 → 过去进行时 I washed the car. I said (that) I had washed the car. 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 You haven’t tidied the house. She said (that) I hadn’t tidied the house. 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 I am going to keep your pocket money. She said (that) she was going to keep my pocket money. 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 I’ll wash up. I said (that) I would wash up. will → would You can’t go out. She said (that) I couldn’t go out. can → could 以下单词时态不需要改 I couldn’t understand. He said that he couldn’t understand. could/would/should Your friends should help. She said my friends should help. 过去完成时 特殊情况 You must stay at home. She said I had to stay at home. must → had to You mustn’t do that again. She said I mustn’t do that again. must → mustn’t  注意：直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时，变为间接引语时，时态不变。  The teacher said, “The earth is round. ” The teacher said that the earth is  round. He said, “I was born in Shangdong in 1965.”  He said that he was born in Shangdong in 1965. He said, “Columbus discovered America in 1492.” He said Columbus discovered America in 1492. 2、   人称的变化 (根据具体语境，灵活变化) 直接引语 间接引语 I he/she you Them/ us my His/her we They our Their I can’t go out with you because my mother has kept my money. --- He said he couldn’t go out with them because his mother had kept his money. --- She said she couldn’t go out with them because her mother had kept her money. --- They said they couldn’t go out with you because his mother had kept their money. 3、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的相应变化         today here tonight This tomorrow Next week Now yesterday Last week I bought some bread here in this shop yesterday. → She said she had bought some bread there in that shop the day before. 一、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 那个运动背包很时尚, 我不确定它是否是棉质的。 The __________________ is very fashionable. I’m not sure __________________ . 2. 埃米不知道黄色在中国古代曾经是统治者使用的颜色。 Amy didn’t know ____________________________________ . 3. 保罗想知道颜色与情绪之间是否有关系。 Paul wanted to know ____________________________________ . 4. 你注意到穿浅色衣服能使人看起来更年轻吗? Do you ______________________ can make people _______________________________ ? 5. 我觉得穿什么衣服取决于个人喜好。 I think what to wear ____________________________________ . 6. 如今, 互联网已经成为我们日常生活的一部分了。 Nowadays, the Internet has ____________________________________ . 7. 中国人在春节更喜欢红色。 ________________________________________________________________________ 8. 你觉得颜色在很多方面影响我们的日常生活吗? ________________________________________________________________________ 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 丹尼尔想知道为什么他有时候难以表达自己。 Daniel wonders ____________________________________________________________________ . 2. 谁知道现在正上映什么电影? Who knows ____________________________________________________________________ now? 3. 你能告诉我哪儿能买到这样一本字 典吗? Can you tell me ____________________________________________________________________ ? 4. 我们不确定能否找到解决这个问题的最佳方法。 We are not sure ____________________________________________________________________ . 5. 你最好让你的父母知道你现在最需要他们。 ____________________________________________________________________ 6. 让我们得到他的答复后再做决定吧! ____________________________________________________________________ 7. 你为什么不与别人分享你的烦恼呢? ____________________________________________________________________ 8. 读一读这本关于青少年问题的书怎么样? ____________________________________________________________________ 六．写作背默 Unit6健康生活 根据国家卫生局数据统计，近期将要迎来今年冬天的流感高峰期，其中学生是受影响最大的群体。由此，校报英文专栏特别组织了征稿活动，题目为“How to protect ourselves from flu”,请你根据以下提示写一篇短文，从对抗流感以及养成健康生活习惯两方面阐述应采取的具体措施。 要点 对抗流感 1.在公共场合戴口罩； 2.出现流鼻涕或喉咙痛等症状及时就医 健康生活 1.均衡饮食，例如…… 2.…… 提出倡议 呼吁大家行动起来 注意： 1.80词左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数); 2.要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3:不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清晰，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 参考词汇：流感flu 流鼻涕have a running nose 喉咙痛have a sore throat 症状symptoms $$