精品解析：湖南省娄底市新化县2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2023 年下学期高二期末质量监测试题 英 语 满分 150 分 考试时间 120 分钟 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和考场填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do next? A. Turn off the TV. B. Study with the woman. C. Watch a movie. 2. How old is the woman now? A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old. 3. How will the boy treat his sister next time? A. Talk to her politely. B. Shout at her rudely. C. Play with her quietly. 4. What are the speakers possibly talking about? A. A sofa. B. A bed. C. A table. 5. How did the man feel about his jump in the end? A. Terrified. B．Disappointed. C．Excited. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22. 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 ~ 7 题。 6. How does the girl feel about making a speech? A. Nervous. B. Confident. C. Excited. 7. What did the boy do to prepare for his speech? A. He kept every word in mind. B. He wrote an 800-word passage. C. He wrote down the main points. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 ~ 10 题。 8. How long has the woman worked on the farm? A. About four years. B. About five years. C. About eight years. 9. Who assists the woman with the farm work? A. Her friends. B. Her relatives. C. The local farmers. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10~ 12 题。 10. What will the man do on Monday? A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 11. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 12. What does the woman offer to do? A. Review an expense report. B. Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13~ 16 题。 13. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 14. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It’s private. B. It’s family friendly. C. It’s requested by the charity. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A.Organize some activities. B.Contribute some money. C.Contactsome bands. 16. What is the event’s purpose? A. To hearsome livemusic. B. To help an animalshelter. C.To have some family fun. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why has the lake become famous in recent years? A.It’sintroduced in books. B.Asports game is held there. C.Asingersings a song about it. 18. Where did the journey start? A On the eastern shore. B. On the frozen surface. C. From above the lake. 19. What attracts runners to the lake? A. The wide space. B. The beautiful landscape. C. The cold weather. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Extreme weather in Siberia. B. The best time to visit Lake Baikal. C. The loneliest marathon in the world. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Most Famous Paintings in the World The Starry Night Artist: Vincent Willem van Gogh Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) Being treated for mental illness in hospital and inspired by the view from the window of his room, Van Gogh painted The Starry Night. The painting is famous for Van Gogh’s creative use of thick brushstrokes (笔画). The painting’s striking blues and yellows and the dreamy atmosphere have attracted art lovers for decades. The Scream Artist: Edvard Munch Where to see it: the National Museum and the Munch Museum (Oslo, Norway) The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels (彩粉画) and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. Mona Lisa Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: the Louvre Museum (Paris. France) It should come as no surprise that one of the most famous paintings in the world is a woman with a mysterious smile. It is the earliest known Italian painting to focus closely on the sitter in a half-length portrait (像) , according to the Louvre, where it was first exhibited in 1804. The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) Leonardo is the only artist to appear on this list twice. The Last Supper is about the last time Jesus had dinner with his followers. The painting is actually a huge wall painting-4. 6 meters high and 8. 8 meters wide, which makes for a memorable viewing experience. 1. Where is The Starry Night exhibited? A. In the Louvre Museum. B. In the Munch Museum. C. In the Museum of Modern Art. D. In Santa Maria delle Grazie. 2. What is special about The Scream? A. It is exhibited in three museums. B. It includes a series of works of art. C. It is famous for a smile in the painting. D. It was painted in a mental hospital. 3. What do Mona Lisa and The Last Supper have in common? A. They feature religious figures. B. They both belong to wall paintings. C. They are exhibited in the National Museum. D. They were painted by Leonardo da Vinci. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最著名的四幅画作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分的第二段“Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) (在哪里看：现代艺术博物馆（美国纽约）)”可知，星夜可以在美国纽约的现代艺术博物馆看到。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Scream部分的第三段“The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. (尖叫不是一件艺术品。根据英国博物馆的博客，有两幅画，两幅彩粉画和一些印刷品，这些画在国家博物馆和蒙克博物馆，2012年，其中一幅粉彩以近1.2亿美元的价格售出。)”可知，尖叫的特别之处在于，它不是一部作品，而是两幅画，两幅粉彩画等构成的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mona Lisa部分的第一段Artist: Leonardo da Vinci和The Last Supper部分的第一段Artist: Leonardo da Vinci可知，这两幅作品的共同点在于作者相同，都是达·芬奇的画作。故选D项。 B Many people cannot live without modern technology products, especially their smart phones. They use devices to stay in contact with family and friends while driving. The most common method of communication is by sending written messages, a custom known as texting. A new study suggests that more than half of U. S. parents believe texting while driving a car or other vehicles is unsafe. Yet most of those questioned said they do it anyway. The finding was reported earlier this month in a scientific publication. Researchers questioned 435 parents from across the United States. Regan Bergmark, who led the survey, said that many people believe texting while driving is unsafe but have also likely done it. In fact, the survey found that 52 percent of millennial (千禧年的) parents said they thought it was “never” safe to text and drive. The same goes for 58 percent of older parents. But almost two-thirds of parents reported reading texts while driving, and more than half of them have also written texts.Millennial parents were more likely to use email while driving and drive faster than the speed limit. “The problem with smartphones is that they have become an unavoidable part of daily life for most people,” Regan said. “Many people are expected to be reachable by phone or email immediately, to be reachable for their children or work.Being a responsible adult therefore often means always being reachable-yet we also know that while driving.Being reachable carries with it the risk of a crash. ” In general,it is never safe to use a smartphone while driving. There are a number of APPs that can help to limit distracted (分心的) driving by disabling phone features, when the vehicle is in motion. The simplest thing to do is put the phone out of sight and out of reach to reduce the temptation (诱惑) to drive distractedly. 4. What is the main problem described in Paragraph 2? A. People use smartphones to keep in touch with others. B. People tend to drive faster than the speed limit. C. People tend to write text messages rather than use email. D. People use smartphones while driving despite the danger. 5. What can we infer from Regan’s words? A. People in modern society can’t live without smartphones. B. People are expected to be reachable every second. C. It’s unwise to be always reachable while driving. D. It’s dangerous to drive because of the risk of a crash. 6. In the last paragraph, the author means to . A. summarize the previous paragraphs B. provide some advice for the readers C. add some background information D. introduce a new topic for discussion 7. Where is the text most likely from? A. A novel. B. A guidebook. C. A scientific report. D. A medical magazine. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，表明大多数美国家长曾在开车时用手机发过消息，这一行为是很危险的。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A new study suggests that more than half of U. S. parents believe texting while driving a car or other vehicles is unsafe. Yet most of those questioned said they do it anyway. (一项新研究表明，美国超过一半的父母认为在驾驶汽车或其他载具时发消息是不安全的。然而参加调查的人中大多数都表示他们还是这样做过)”可知，第二段描述的主要问题就是人们会不顾危险在开车时使用手机。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段引述Regan的原话“Many people are expected to be reachable by phone or email immediately, to be reachable for their children or work.Being a responsible adult therefore often means always being reachable-yet we also know that while driving.Being reachable carries with it the risk of a crash.(许多人都希望能通过电话或电子邮件立即联系到他们，他们的孩子或工作上的事也可以联系到他们。因此，作为一个负责任的成年人，通常意味着总是可以联系到，哪怕是在开车时。时刻保持联系就带来了车祸的风险。)”可知，尽管时刻与外界保持联系是现代社会的要求，但在进行开车这样需要高度专注的活动时还要这样是很不明智、很不安全的。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In general, it is never safe to use a smartphone while driving. There are a number of APPs that can help to limit distracted (分心的) driving by disabling phone features, when the vehicle is in motion. The simplest thing to do is put the phone out of sight and out of reach to reduce the temptation (诱惑) to drive distractedly.(总的来说，开车时用手机是绝对不安全的。有很多的APP能在车辆运转时通过禁用手机功能来帮助限制开车时分心的情况。最简单的做法就是把手机放在眼睛看不到、手碰不着的地方，从而减少因此而分心的诱惑)”可知，作者在最后一段提供了一些关于开车时使用手机的建议。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。总览全文可知，本文内容是关于开车时使用手机的一项调查的结果说明与分析，调查研究最可能出自科学报道。故选C项。 C My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was unable to continue school because he got married and started a family in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to balance his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there. Our higher education journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just graduated from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was determined to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a reality. In 2017, we were both admitted into the University of Texas at San Antonio. I majored in engineering while my grandfather majored in literature. We would have lunch together and work silently side-by-side in the library. There were also many times when I drove him to school in my car. That was really special because I could always show off him and shout out my grandpa was here. When COVID-19 broke out suddenly, my grandfather asked for leave from school. I often assisted him with his schoolwork online. Over the past year, his health has continued to decline and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day approached in December, my family and I persuaded university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the expectation that he could have that memory before his death. My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to share it with him. I’m so grateful and proud that I was able to have this moment with him. Applause run through the hall when my grandfather was awarded to his bachelor’s degree at the commencement (毕业典礼). I appreciate my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills. 8. What can we know about the author’s grandfather? A. He was unable to continue his study because of his family. B. In 2016, he was admitted into the University of Texas. C He was asked to leave from school because of COVID-19. D. He was unwilling to present himself for the graduation day. 9. In paragraph 2, why did the author shout out his grandpa was there? A. Because they shared the same major. B. Because he felt proud of his grandfather. C. Because the teacher was looking for his grandfather. D. Because he learnt to drive his grandfather to school. 10. What can be inferred about the author’s grandfather according to the underlined sentence? A. He cared about his family very much. B. He didn’t attend the graduation ceremony. C. He was afraid of attending the commencement. D. He would steal something from the graduation moment. 11. What can we learn from the grandfather’s story? A. Hard work pays off. B. Time is money. C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Education is the key to success. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者的爷爷年轻时因为各种原因未能实现获得学士学位的梦想，终于在82岁时重新追逐梦想，顺利和作者成为大学校友，并最终圆梦的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was unable to continue school because he got married and started a family in the 1950s. (我88岁的爷爷和我都是2022年的应届大学毕业生。因为他在20世纪50年代结婚生子，这导致他无法继续上学。)”可知，爷爷年轻时是因为家庭原因未能继续上学。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“There were also many times when I drove him to school in my car. That was really special because I could always show off him and shout out my grandpa was here.(也有很多次，我开车送他去学校。这真的很特别，因为我总是可以炫耀他，大声说我爷爷在这里。)”可推断，作者大声说他爷爷在那里是因为作者为自己的爷爷感到自豪，想要炫耀。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据划线句子“My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. (当我告诉爷爷我们将一起毕业时，他担心他会抢了我毕业典礼的风头。)”可知，爷爷获得学士学位的梦想最终实现，他本人也很开心和激动，但是他却在这样的时刻首先想到自己会不会抢了作者的风头，由此判断，爷爷很关爱自己的家人。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was unable to continue school because he got married and started a family in the 1950s.( 我88岁的爷爷和我都是2022年的应届大学毕业生。因为他在20世纪50年代结婚生子，这导致他无法继续上学。)”以及第二段“Our higher education journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just graduated from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was determined to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor's degree become a reality. (我们在帕洛阿尔托学院的高等教育之旅始于2016年。那时我刚从高中毕业，我82岁的爷爷决心去上课，以实现他获得学士学位的毕生梦想。)”以及最后一段“I appreciate my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills.(我欣赏爷爷毕生对学习的热情和他坚强的意志。)”可推断，作者的爷爷用一生诠释了何谓活到老学到老。故选C。 D In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang （俚语） deepen the generation gap（代沟），after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to "explain" the youth's Internet slang terms to parents. The post got 40,000 likes. People were commenting that they couldn't keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo （术语）in China. People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic （语言的） trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of pinyin, the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet. As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while less and less people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called "character amnesia" in China. 2019’s latest slang terms add a further simplification: the use of pinyin acronyms. "Awsl" in pinyin, for instance, means Ah, wo si le (Oh, I'm gonna die), and is used if something is too cute or adorable. "Nsdd" stands for ni shuo de dui (you're right). Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years. But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer. Acronyms aren't new. They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging. Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime. That's likely to be what's going to happen with China's Internet slang terms. Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves. In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity. Older generations don't have to feel left out, and certainly don't have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language. While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight. 12. The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because A. It's used by children to keep secrets from parents. B. It can cause confusion even among young people. C. It was invented in response to the limited messaging space. D. It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese. 13. How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language? A. They add variety to the language. B. They are replacing its traditional vocabulary. C. They make the language more global. D. They only have temporary effects on Chinese. 14. By using Internet slang in China, people may get. A. a sense of purpose B. a sense of group identity C. a sense of cultural pride D. a sense of safety 15. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang? B. Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected? C. Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap? D. Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese? 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是议论文，网络俚语是否会加剧代沟，毁灭汉语？文章展开了论述。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic（语言的）trends of Mandarin Chinese” 人们还担心，中国的网络俚语会对普通话更广泛的语言趋势产生负面影响。可知，公众担心网络俚语是因为它很少对汉语的语言发展趋势产生积极的影响，故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.” 但中文网络用语不太可能取代现有的普通话，而是会通过增加另一层来丰富它。可知，网络用语对中文的影响是增加了语言的多样性，故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity.”在中国，使用网络俚语意味着属于某一代人，喜欢看同样的脱口秀，玩同样的游戏等等，因此，创造团结。可知，在中国使用网路俚语会使人们获得群体认同感，故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。 根据第一段“In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang deepen the generation gap” 2019年10月，《北京日报》警告年轻人，他们不应该让网络俚语加深代沟。第一段提到了网络俚语可能加深人们之间的代沟。再根据最后一段“While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight” 虽然语言的发展是不可避免的，但网络俚语不会让6000年的中文书面语言在一夜之间完全改变。最后一段提出网络俚语不会毁灭汉语，所以文章主要围绕着网络俚语是否加剧代沟，毁灭汉语展开。这篇文章最好的题目是“网络俚语正在加剧代沟，毁灭汉语吗?”故选D项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Best Way to Lose Weight – Dieting Tips How do you eat right to lose weight fast? You'll discover there are a great number of weight loss diets which promise to help you drop the pounds fast.___16___ Many weight loss diets are aimed at losing weight fast, but aren't necessarily healthy and won't create a long-term change for the better. ____17____ That means you'll choose a diet which doesn't cut out any necessary nutrients(营养物). Most diets suggest that you stop eating fat or carbs(含碳水化合物的食物).____18____ You'll need to make clear of your own body type before making a diet plan. You might also need to try different ways before finding the best way. If you just need to shake a few pounds off, your plan won't be the same as one to lose weight in the long term. The best short-term weight loss plan will be stronger than the best long-term weight loss plan, but it shouldn't get rid of necessary nutrition. ____19____Your body will go into “starvation mode” and your metabolism(新陈代谢) will slow down. As a result your body will keep more weight. ___20___ Spread out your meals evenly throughout the day. Any larger meals should be eaten earlier in the day. That gives your body more time and opportunity to burn calories. If you eat a lot before bed, those calories won't burn but become fat. A. In fact many people feel it hard to lose weight. B. Once you start your plan, you shouldn’t stop. C. But do they really work? D. If you try to make yourself feel hungry, you won't achieve long-term results. E. The best way to lose weight should be useful in the long term. F. While this may help some people, there is no plan that is perfect for all. G. Besides improving your metabolism, you also should pay attention to when you eat. 【答案】16 C 17. E 18. F 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了如何减肥的饮食建议。 【16题详解】 根据下文Many weight loss diets are aimed at losing weight fast, but aren't necessarily healthy and won't create a long-term change for the better.（许多减肥食谱旨在快速减肥，但不一定是健康的，也不会带来长期的改善。）可知是对上文You'll discover there are a great number of weight loss diets which promise to help you drop the pounds fast.（你会发现有很多减肥食谱可以帮助你快速减肥。）提到的许多饮食承诺提出质疑，故C选项“但是它们真的有用吗?”符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文Many weight loss diets are aimed at losing weight fast, but aren't necessarily healthy and won't create a long-term change for the better.（许多减肥食谱旨在快速减肥，但不一定是健康的，也不会带来长期的改善。）可知以快速减肥为目标的减肥方法不一定健康，也不会带来长期的改善。故可知最好的减肥方法应当是长期有效的。故E选项“最好的减肥方法应该是长期有效的。”符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据下文You'll need to make clear of your own body type before making a diet plan. You might also need to try different ways before finding the best way.（在制定饮食计划之前，你需要弄清自己的体型。在找到最好的方法之前，你可能还需要尝试不同的方法。）可知需要自身情况来找到适合自己的减肥方法，没有什么计划是完美的，适合每一个人的。故F选项“虽然这可能会帮助一些人，但没有一个计划是完美的。”符合上下文语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据下文Your body will go into “starvation mode” and your metabolism will slow down.（你的身体会进入“饥饿模式”，新陈代谢会减慢。）中starvation mode可对应到D选项中feel hungry，表示“除了改善你的新陈代谢，你还应该注意吃东西的时候。”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 结合下文Spread out your meals evenly throughout the day. Any larger meals should be eaten earlier in the day. That gives your body more time and opportunity to burn calories. If you eat a lot before bed, those calories won't burn but become fat.（把你的食物均匀地分布在一天中。任何大餐都应该在一天的早些时候吃。这给了你的身体更多的时间和机会来燃烧卡路里。如果你在睡觉前吃很多东西，这些热量不会燃烧，而是变成脂肪。）可知是在强调吃饭的时间，故G选项“除了改善你的新陈代谢，你还应该注意吃东西的时候。”符合上下文语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I started cooking when I was thirteen. Both of my parents worked, so I was usually ____21____ after school. One day, my parents forgot to ____22____ dinner before they went to work. As we were short of money, eating out was beyond ____23____ . So I decided to be the ____24____ of the day. A few moments later, I ____25____ to cook fried rice, the best option out of ____26____ resources, including my cooking knowledge. After ____27____ a pan on the stove and turning on the heat, it soon began to sizzle (咝咝作响). I was so hungry that I ____28____ and threw everything into the pan all together. In went rice, pieces of meat and vegetables. Little did I know that the ____29____ of ingredients was crucial in cooking. I ____30____ waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked, but other ingredients were ____31____ . At first, I mistook it as steam from cooking, but I soon ____32____ something went horribly wrong when smoke came out to ____33____ the kitchen. Later that day, my mother told me, “You cannot rush yourself when cooking.” Rather, I should take steps, turning to the basics, such as learning about the ingredients and ____34____ the recipe. I’ve learned that the first ____35____ seems hard but we should just start and let the journey teach us. 21. A. alone B. energetic C. anxious D. excited 22. A. enjoy B. prepare C. serve D. take 23. A. expectation B. control C. description D. budget 24. A. owner B. ruler C. chef D. researcher 25. A. agreed B. decided C. failed D. switched 26. A. various B. delicious C. pricey D. limited 27. A. placing B. covering C. washing D. breaking 28. A. quit B. slept C. rushed D. collapsed 29. A. standard B. order C. quality D. amount 30. A. proudly B. unconsciously C. fearfully D. eagerly 31. A. burning B. exploding C. disappearing D. mixing 32. A. insisted B. declared C. realized D. explained 33. A. decorate B. destroy C. leave D. fill 34. A. working on B. fixing on C. referring to D. contributing to 35. A. race B. try C. route D. ride 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己第一次做饭时，将全部的食材一起放进去，结果肉还没熟，其它的已经烧焦了，导致厨房满是烟。在妈妈的教导下，作者也明白了做事情要按步骤来；第一次虽然很难，但一定要开始。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母都工作，所以放学后我通常是一个人。A. alone独自的；单独的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. excited兴奋的。根据前文“Both of my parents worked”可知父母都工作，所以放学后“我”总是独自在家。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我的父母上班前忘记准备晚饭了。A. enjoy享受；B. prepare准备；C. serve（为……）工作，服务，端上（食物）；D. take拿。根据下文“cook fried rice”可知，“我”做了炒米饭，说明父母去上班前忘记准备晚饭了。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我们缺钱，外出吃饭超出了我们的预算。A. expectation期待；B. control控制；C. description描述；D. budget预算。根据前文“As we were short of money”可知，我们缺钱，即外出吃饭超出我们的预算。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定做今天的主厨。A. owner主人；B. ruler统治者，尺子；C. chef厨师；D. researcher研究者。根据后文“cook fried rice”可知，今天我要做炒米饭，所以我今天做厨师。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我决定做炒饭，这是有限资源的最佳选择，包括我的烹饪知识。A. agreed同意；B. decided决定；C. failed失败；D. switched转变。根据后文“the best option”可知，做炒饭是我的决定。故选B。 26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我决定做炒饭，这是有限资源的最佳选择，包括我的烹饪知识。A. various各种各样的；B. delicious美味的；C. pricey昂贵的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“including my cooking knowledge”可知，第一次做饭，我的烹饪知识和家里的食材一样有限。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把平底锅放在炉子上，打开火，很快就开始发出咝咝声。A. placing放置；B. covering覆盖，包括；C. washing洗；D. breaking打破。根据后文“a pan on the stove and turning on the heat”可知，我先把锅放置在炉子上，然后打开火。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我太饿了，我快速地把所有的东西都扔进了锅里。A. quit停止；B. slept睡觉；C. rushed把（某人或某物）迅速送往，冲，奔，赶紧做；D. collapsed倒塌。根据前文“I was so hungry ”可知我太饿了，所以快速的把所有食材放进锅里，表示我急着吃饭，呼应下文妈妈教我的话“You cannot rush yourself when cooking.”。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道配料的顺序在烹饪中是至关重要的。A. standard标准；B. order顺序；C. quality质量；D. amount（数）量。根据上文“threw everything into the pan all together”和“In went rice, pieces of meat and vegetables”可知，我一次性把所有食材——米、肉、菜，同时放进去，根本不知道食材的顺序很重要。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我急切地等着肉完全煮熟，但其他食材都烧焦了。A. proudly骄傲地；B. unconsciously不知不觉；无意识地；C. fearfully可怕地，非常地；D. eagerly急切地，渴望地。根据前文“I was so hungry”和后文“waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked”可知，我很饿，急切等待着肉变熟。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我急切地等着肉完全煮熟，但其他食材都烧焦了。A. burning燃烧，烧焦，晒伤；B. exploding爆炸；C. disappearing消失；D. mixing混合。根据前文“but other ingredients”可知，我等待的肉还没有熟，但是其他食材已经开始烧焦了，呼应下文“smoke”。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我把它误认为是烹饪时产生的蒸汽，但当烟冒出来充满厨房时，我很快意识到发生了可怕的事情。A. insisted坚持；B. declared宣布；C. realized意识到；D. explained解释。根据后文“something went horribly wrong”可知，我意识到出错了。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我把它误认为是烹饪时产生的蒸汽，但当烟冒出来充满厨房时，我很快意识到发生了可怕的事情。A. decorate装饰；B. destroy破坏；C. leave离开；D. fill充满。根据前文“smoke” 和后文“the kitchen”可知，烟开始弥漫、充满了整个厨房。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，我应该采取步骤，从基本的入手，比如了解食材和参考食谱。A. working on致力于，作用于，继续工作；B. fixing on确定，固定，使集中于；C. referring to参考，涉及，指的是； D. contributing to贡献，有助于。根据前文“learning about the ingredients ”和后文“ the recipe”可知，我应该一步一步学习做饭，要参考食谱。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了第一次尝试似乎很难，但我们应该开始，让过程教会我们。A. race赛跑，速度竞赛，竞争；B. try尝试；C. route路线；D. ride旅行，行程，免费搭车。根据前文“ the first”和后文“seems hard ”可知，第一次尝试是困难的。故选B项。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）。 Albert Einstein was one of the greatest ____36____ (scientist) in the world. He developed many theories or ideas. These theories contributed greatly ____37____ people’s understanding of the universe. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm. Germany, on March 14, 1879. He did not do well in school, but he was _____38_____(interest)in mathematics and science. While at college, he studied physics and math. After graduation, he worked in a government office. At ____39____ same time, he continued studying physics on ____40____(he) own. In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by ____41____(publish) five major research papers. One of these papers contained ____42____(complete) new ideas about the “properties” of light. Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921, mainly for the work in this paper. In another paper. Einstein put forward the special theory of relativity, ____43____ changed how scientists thought about energy and matter. During World War Ⅱ Einstein advised that the United States ___44___(build) nuclear weapons (核武器). He felt that these weapons might _____45_____ (need) to defeat the Nazis. However, after World War II Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jessie, on April 18, 1955. 【答案】36. scientists 37. to 38. interested 39. the 40. his 41. publishing 42. completely 43. which 44. should build##build 45. be needed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了世界上最伟大的科学家之一——爱因斯坦的个人经历以及他的成就和贡献。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。scientist为可数名词，此处为：one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式。故填scientists。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这些理论非常有助于人们了解宇宙。结合句意表示“有助于”可知用短语为contribute to。故填to。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他在学校表现不好，但他对数学和科学感兴趣。分析句子可知，was后接形容词作表语。短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：与此同时，他继续自学物理。结合句意表示“与此同时”可知短语为at the same time。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：与此同时，他继续自学物理。根据句意表示“自学”可知短语为study on one’s own，此处指爱因斯坦应用形容词性物主代词his，on one's own“依靠某人自己的力量”。故填his。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1905年，爱因斯坦发表了五篇重要的研究论文，引起了轰动。分析句子结构可知publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填publishing。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：其中一篇论文包含了关于光的“性质”的全新观点。修饰形容词new应用副词completely，作状语。故填completely。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在另一篇论文中，爱因斯坦提出了狭义相对论，它改变了科学家们对能量和物质的看法。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the special theory of relativity，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查虚拟语气。句意：在第二次世界大战期间，爱因斯坦建议美国应该制造核武器。advise后跟宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故填should build/build。 【45题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：他认为可能需要这些武器来打败纳粹。need在宾语从句中作谓语，与主语weapons构成被动关系，might后跟动词原形。故填be needed。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是个李华。你校将举办社团文化节，请你给在外校就读的美国朋友Laura写份电子邮件邀请她参加。要点包括： 1.发出邀请。 2. 时间、地点、内容。 3. 表达期待。 注意∶1. 词数 80 左右;2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 社团文化节 Cub Culture Festival Dear Laura, How is everything going? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Laura, How is everything going? The annually-held Club Culture Festival in our school is around the corner, so I am writing to invite you to take part. This year the festival will be held on the first floor of the science and technology building every afternoon from next Monday to Friday. With the purpose of enriching student’s school life, the festival focuses on Chinese culture and customs. There are more than 20 related clubs in all, including Food Club, Literature Club, Pingpong Club, Tang Poem Club, Paper-Cutting Club and other Chinese culture clubs. Luckily, students can choose different clubs based on their interests. I’m sure you will enjoy yourself and, at the same time, acquire much knowledge. I hope you can set aside some time to join us. I’m confident that you will not regret it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校将举办社团文化节，请你给在外校就读的美国朋友Laura写份电子邮件邀请她参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将来临：around the corner→ coming soon 专注于：focuses on → concentrate on 相关的：related→ relevant 获得：acquire →gain 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This year the festival will be held on the first floor of the science and technology building every afternoon from next Monday to Friday. 拓展句：This year the festival, which will be held on the first floor of the science and technology building every afternoon, will be from next Monday to Friday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】There are more than 20 related clubs in all, including Food Club, Literature Club, Pingpong Club, Tang Poem Club, Paper-Cutting Club and other Chinese culture clubs.（运用了there be的固定句型。） 【高分句型2】With the purpose of enriching student’s school life, the festival focuses on Chinese culture and customs.（运用了with的复合结构作伴随状语。） 第二节(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For as long as I could remember, I had wanted to travel into the Amazon jungle. During the last summer break at university, I decided to travel there. I didn’t have much money. So I found the least expensive flight to Lima, Peru. Once there, I planned on traveling to the town of La Merced. To get there, however, I had to take a taxi for the next fourteen hours. By the time I reached La Merced, I found a hotel and asked the man at the front desk if there were any travel routes into the jungle. His simple answer was “no”. In fact, there was no way to go farther into the jungle except by hiring a boat to travel down the Amazon. However, I found that an impossible choice. At that point, I decided to go out and get something to eat. I had walked less than a minute from the hotel when a rainstorm swept across the town. I raced ahead to the closest restaurant to get out of the rain. I took a table by myself and ordered a meal. I was very tired. I was also feeling sorry for myself. I had flown down to Peru and then taken a fourteen—hour journey in a taxi only to discover there was no way to get into the jungle. Then, I saw an old man. He headed over to my table. “Hi, my name’s Fritz,” he said in English. With a smile, I introduced myself and we talked for half an hour. I told him my story. He could see I was tired and unhappy, and his eyes softened as he listened. “Come with me and stay with me and my wife Helga at our home in the jungle. We have a coffee plantation (种植园) there. You can stay as long as you’d like. At six o’clock tomorrow morning, I’ll pick you up at the hotel and take you on a trip into the jungle,” Fritz said. “Thank you very much,” I said. “Six o’clock tomorrow morning.” Honestly, I didn’t expect he would appear. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At 6:00 the next morning, I heard a car honking (鸣喇叭) outside my hotel. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ For the next five days, I was treated as a special guest in his home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At 6:00 the next morning, I heard a car honking (呜喇叭) outside my hotel. I looked out and found Fritz sitting in a truck with a big smile. I hopped into his truck, and we were off. Within minutes, we were out of La Merced and into the jungle. The road quickly became a rough dirt road. Branches swept over the windows and frightened birds took flight as we drove through forests. After a two-hour adventure, we emerged into a clearing with a wooden house and a large vegetable garden. For the next five days I was treated as a special guest in his home. Fritz’s wife Helga prepared meals for us. Fritz was more than anxious to show me around his coffee plantation. Their warmth and generosity were imprinted on my heart. When it came time to leave, Fritz drove me back to La Merced. As I said goodbye, I felt a wave of sadness wash over me. I realized I’d probably never see them again. I’d never forget the kindness of Fritz and Helga, and the amazing days I spent in their home. 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章以作者参观亚马逊热带雨林为线索。讲述了一直想去亚马逊热带雨林旅游的作者在大学暑假终于开启了去亚马逊的旅程。但是在下榻的酒店，经过询问他了解到除了乘船进一步探索，似乎没有别的办法能够去到雨林深处。于是他觉得先找个餐厅吃点东西。幸运的是，在餐厅他遇见了一个在雨林种植咖啡的男士，愿意带他去亚马逊，并给他提供住宿和吃食。在这位男士和他妻子的帮助下，作者度过了难忘的亚马逊之旅。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上6点，我听到一辆汽车在我的酒店外呜喇叭。”可知，第一段可描写男士前来接作者，以及前往亚马逊的路途经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的五天里，我在他家里被当作一位特殊的客人。”可知，第二段可描写作者作为客人在男士亚马逊的家里如何被招待和感受。 2.续写线索：男士来酒店接我——一同前往男士家——在雨林中的见闻——到达男士家——受到男士及家人的热情招待——参观雨林和咖啡种植园——离别前依依不舍 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.跳进：hop into/jump into ②.吓：frighten/scare 情绪类 ①.非常渴望：be more than anxious/be extremely eager ②.感到伤感：feel a wave of sadness/feel blue 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Branches swept over the windows and frightened birds took flight as we drove through forests. （as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2]. I’d never forget the kindness of Fritz and Helga, and the amazing days I spent in their home.（由省略了的关系代词that引导限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023 年下学期高二期末质量监测试题 英 语 满分 150 分 考试时间 120 分钟 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和考场填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do next? A. Turn off the TV. B. Study with the woman. C. Watch a movie. 2. How old is the woman now? A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old. 3. How will the boy treat his sister next time? A. Talk to her politely. B. Shout at her rudely. C. Play with her quietly. 4. What are the speakers possibly talking about? A. A sofa. B. A bed. C. A table. 5. How did the man feel about his jump in the end? A. Terrified. B．Disappointed. C．Excited. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22. 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 ~ 7 题。 6. How does the girl feel about making a speech? A. Nervous. B. Confident. C. Excited. 7. What did the boy do to prepare for his speech? A. He kept every word in mind. B. He wrote an 800-word passage. C. He wrote down the main points. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 ~ 10 题。 8. How long has the woman worked on the farm? A About four years. B. About five years. C. About eight years. 9. Who assists the woman with the farm work? A. Her friends. B. Her relatives. C. The local farmers. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10~ 12 题。 10. What will the man do on Monday? A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 11. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 12. What does the woman offer to do? A. Review an expense report. B. Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13~ 16 题。 13. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 14. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It’s private. B. It’s family friendly. C. It’s requested by the charity. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do? A.Organize some activities. B.Contribute some money. C.Contactsome bands. 16. What is the event’s purpose? A. To hearsome livemusic. B. To help an animalshelter. C.To have some family fun. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why has the lake become famous in recent years? A.It’sintroduced in books. B.Asports game is held there. C.Asingersings a song about it. 18. Where did the journey start? A. On the eastern shore. B. On the frozen surface. C. From above the lake. 19. What attracts runners to the lake? A. The wide space. B. The beautiful landscape. C. The cold weather. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Extreme weather in Siberia. B. The best time to visit Lake Baikal. C. The loneliest marathon in the world. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Most Famous Paintings in the World The Starry Night Artist: Vincent Willem van Gogh Where to see it: the Museum of Modern Art (New York, US) Being treated for mental illness in hospital and inspired by the view from the window of his room, Van Gogh painted The Starry Night. The painting is famous for Van Gogh’s creative use of thick brushstrokes (笔画). The painting’s striking blues and yellows and the dreamy atmosphere have attracted art lovers for decades. The Scream Artist: Edvard Munch Where to see it: the National Museum and the Munch Museum (Oslo, Norway) The Scream is not a single work of art. According to a British museum’s blog, there are two paintings, two pastels (彩粉画) and a number of prints, The paintings are in the National Museum and the Munch Museum, and in 2012, one of the pastels was sold for almost 120 million. Mona Lisa Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: the Louvre Museum (Paris. France) It should come as no surprise that one of the most famous paintings in the world is a woman with a mysterious smile. It is the earliest known Italian painting to focus closely on the sitter in a half-length portrait (像) , according to the Louvre, where it was first exhibited in 1804. The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Where to see it: Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) Leonardo is the only artist to appear on this list twice. The Last Supper is about the last time Jesus had dinner with his followers. The painting is actually a huge wall painting-4. 6 meters high and 8. 8 meters wide, which makes for a memorable viewing experience. 1. Where is The Starry Night exhibited? A. In the Louvre Museum. B. In the Munch Museum. C. In the Museum of Modern Art. D In Santa Maria delle Grazie. 2. What is special about The Scream? A. It is exhibited in three museums. B. It includes a series of works of art. C. It is famous for a smile in the painting. D. It was painted in a mental hospital. 3. What do Mona Lisa and The Last Supper have in common? A. They feature religious figures. B. They both belong to wall paintings. C. They are exhibited in the National Museum. D. They were painted by Leonardo da Vinci. B Many people cannot live without modern technology products, especially their smart phones. They use devices to stay in contact with family and friends while driving. The most common method of communication is by sending written messages, a custom known as texting. A new study suggests that more than half of U. S. parents believe texting while driving a car or other vehicles is unsafe. Yet most of those questioned said they do it anyway. The finding was reported earlier this month in a scientific publication. Researchers questioned 435 parents from across the United States. Regan Bergmark, who led the survey, said that many people believe texting while driving is unsafe but have also likely done it. In fact, the survey found that 52 percent of millennial (千禧年的) parents said they thought it was “never” safe to text and drive. The same goes for 58 percent of older parents. But almost two-thirds of parents reported reading texts while driving, and more than half of them have also written texts.Millennial parents were more likely to use email while driving and drive faster than the speed limit. “The problem with smartphones is that they have become an unavoidable part of daily life for most people,” Regan said. “Many people are expected to be reachable by phone or email immediately, to be reachable for their children or work.Being a responsible adult therefore often means always being reachable-yet we also know that while driving.Being reachable carries with it the risk of a crash. ” In general,it is never safe to use a smartphone while driving. There are a number of APPs that can help to limit distracted (分心的) driving by disabling phone features, when the vehicle is in motion. The simplest thing to do is put the phone out of sight and out of reach to reduce the temptation (诱惑) to drive distractedly. 4. What is the main problem described in Paragraph 2? A. People use smartphones to keep in touch with others. B. People tend to drive faster than the speed limit. C. People tend to write text messages rather than use email. D. People use smartphones while driving despite the danger. 5. What can we infer from Regan’s words? A. People in modern society can’t live without smartphones. B. People are expected to be reachable every second. C. It’s unwise to be always reachable while driving. D It’s dangerous to drive because of the risk of a crash. 6. In the last paragraph, the author means to . A. summarize the previous paragraphs B. provide some advice for the readers C. add some background information D. introduce a new topic for discussion 7. Where is the text most likely from? A. A novel. B. A guidebook. C. A scientific report. D. A medical magazine. C My 88-year-old grandfather and I are both starting 2022 as new college graduates. He was unable to continue school because he got married and started a family in the 1950s. Over the next few decades, he managed to balance his roles as a husband, a father of five, working at a local bank and taking a college class here and there. Our higher education journey together at Palo Alto College began in 2016. I had just graduated from high school then and my grandfather, 82, was determined to take classes to make his lifelong dream of earning his bachelor’s degree become a reality. In 2017, we were both admitted into the University of Texas at San Antonio. I majored in engineering while my grandfather majored in literature. We would have lunch together and work silently side-by-side in the library. There were also many times when I drove him to school in my car. That was really special because I could always show off him and shout out my grandpa was here. When COVID-19 broke out suddenly, my grandfather asked for leave from school. I often assisted him with his schoolwork online. Over the past year, his health has continued to decline and he now has difficulty speaking. As graduation day approached in December, my family and I persuaded university officials to approve of my grandfather having a degree of recognition. We had the expectation that he could have that memory before his death. My grandfather was worried he would steal the show from my graduation moment when I told him we were graduating together. I told him this is our moment and that I want to share it with him. I’m so grateful and proud that I was able to have this moment with him. Applause run through the hall when my grandfather was awarded to his bachelor’s degree at the commencement (毕业典礼). I appreciate my grandfather’s lifelong passion of learning and his strong wills. 8. What can we know about the author’s grandfather? A. He was unable to continue his study because of his family. B. In 2016, he was admitted into the University of Texas. C. He was asked to leave from school because of COVID-19. D. He was unwilling to present himself for the graduation day. 9. In paragraph 2, why did the author shout out his grandpa was there? A. Because they shared the same major. B. Because he felt proud of his grandfather. C. Because the teacher was looking for his grandfather. D. Because he learnt to drive his grandfather to school. 10. What can be inferred about the author’s grandfather according to the underlined sentence? A. He cared about his family very much. B. He didn’t attend the graduation ceremony. C. He was afraid of attending the commencement. D. He would steal something from the graduation moment. 11. What can we learn from the grandfather’s story? A. Hard work pays off. B. Time is money. C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Education is the key to success. D In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang （俚语） deepen the generation gap（代沟），after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to "explain" the youth's Internet slang terms to parents. The post got 40,000 likes. People were commenting that they couldn't keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo （术语）in China. People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic （语言的） trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of pinyin, the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet. As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while less and less people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called "character amnesia" in China. 2019’s latest slang terms add a further simplification: the use of pinyin acronyms. "Awsl" in pinyin for instance, means Ah, wo si le (Oh, I'm gonna die), and is used if something is too cute or adorable. "Nsdd" stands for ni shuo de dui (you're right). Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years. But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer. Acronyms aren't new. They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging. Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime. That's likely to be what's going to happen with China's Internet slang terms. Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves. In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity. Older generations don't have to feel left out, and certainly don't have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language. While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight. 12. The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because A. It's used by children to keep secrets from parents. B. It can cause confusion even among young people. C. It was invented in response to the limited messaging space. D. It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese. 13. How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language? A. They add variety to the language. B. They are replacing its traditional vocabulary. C. They make the language more global. D. They only have temporary effects on Chinese. 14. By using Internet slang in China, people may get. A. a sense of purpose B. a sense of group identity C. a sense of cultural pride D. a sense of safety 15. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang? B. Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected? C. Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap? D. Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese? 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Best Way to Lose Weight – Dieting Tips How do you eat right to lose weight fast? You'll discover there are a great number of weight loss diets which promise to help you drop the pounds fast.___16___ Many weight loss diets are aimed at losing weight fast, but aren't necessarily healthy and won't create a long-term change for the better. ____17____ That means you'll choose a diet which doesn't cut out any necessary nutrients(营养物). Most diets suggest that you stop eating fat or carbs(含碳水化合物的食物).____18____ You'll need to make clear of your own body type before making a diet plan. You might also need to try different ways before finding the best way. If you just need to shake a few pounds off, your plan won't be the same as one to lose weight in the long term. The best short-term weight loss plan will be stronger than the best long-term weight loss plan, but it shouldn't get rid of necessary nutrition. ____19____Your body will go into “starvation mode” and your metabolism(新陈代谢) will slow down. As a result your body will keep more weight. ___20___ Spread out your meals evenly throughout the day. Any larger meals should be eaten earlier in the day. That gives your body more time and opportunity to burn calories. If you eat a lot before bed, those calories won't burn but become fat. A. In fact many people feel it hard to lose weight. B. Once you start your plan, you shouldn’t stop. C. But do they really work? D. If you try to make yourself feel hungry, you won't achieve long-term results. E. The best way to lose weight should be useful in the long term. F. While this may help some people, there is no plan that is perfect for all. G. Besides improving your metabolism, you also should pay attention to when you eat. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I started cooking when I was thirteen. Both of my parents worked, so I was usually ____21____ after school. One day, my parents forgot to ____22____ dinner before they went to work. As we were short of money, eating out was beyond ____23____ . So I decided to be the ____24____ of the day. A few moments later, I ____25____ to cook fried rice, the best option out of ____26____ resources, including my cooking knowledge. After ____27____ a pan on the stove and turning on the heat, it soon began to sizzle (咝咝作响). I was so hungry that I ____28____ and threw everything into the pan all together. In went rice, pieces of meat and vegetables. Little did I know that the ____29____ of ingredients was crucial in cooking. I ____30____ waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked, but other ingredients were ____31____ . At first, I mistook it as steam from cooking, but I soon ____32____ something went horribly wrong when smoke came out to ____33____ the kitchen. Later that day, my mother told me, “You cannot rush yourself when cooking.” Rather, I should take steps, turning to the basics, such as learning about the ingredients and ____34____ the recipe. I’ve learned that the first ____35____ seems hard but we should just start and let the journey teach us. 21. A. alone B. energetic C. anxious D. excited 22. A. enjoy B. prepare C. serve D. take 23. A. expectation B. control C. description D. budget 24. A. owner B. ruler C. chef D. researcher 25. A. agreed B. decided C. failed D. switched 26. A. various B. delicious C. pricey D. limited 27. A. placing B. covering C. washing D. breaking 28. A. quit B. slept C. rushed D. collapsed 29 A. standard B. order C. quality D. amount 30. A. proudly B. unconsciously C. fearfully D. eagerly 31. A. burning B. exploding C. disappearing D. mixing 32. A. insisted B. declared C. realized D. explained 33. A. decorate B. destroy C. leave D. fill 34. A. working on B. fixing on C. referring to D. contributing to 35. A. race B. try C. route D. ride 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）。 Albert Einstein was one of the greatest ____36____ (scientist) in the world. He developed many theories or ideas. These theories contributed greatly ____37____ people’s understanding of the universe. Albert Einstein was born in Ulm. Germany, on March 14, 1879. He did not do well in school, but he was _____38_____(interest)in mathematics and science. While at college, he studied physics and math. After graduation, he worked in a government office. At ____39____ same time, he continued studying physics on ____40____(he) own. In 1905 Einstein caused a stir by ____41____(publish) five major research papers. One of these papers contained ____42____(complete) new ideas about the “properties” of light. Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921, mainly for the work in this paper. In another paper. Einstein put forward the special theory of relativity, ____43____ changed how scientists thought about energy and matter. During World War Ⅱ Einstein advised that the United States ___44___(build) nuclear weapons (核武器). He felt that these weapons might _____45_____ (need) to defeat the Nazis. However, after World War II Einstein tried to prevent any future use of atomic weapons. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jessie, on April 18, 1955. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是个李华。你校将举办社团文化节，请你给在外校就读的美国朋友Laura写份电子邮件邀请她参加。要点包括： 1.发出邀请。 2. 时间、地点、内容。 3. 表达期待。 注意∶1. 词数 80 左右;2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 社团文化节 Cub Culture Festival Dear Laura, How is everything going? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For as long as I could remember, I had wanted to travel into the Amazon jungle. During the last summer break at university, I decided to travel there. I didn’t have much money. So I found the least expensive flight to Lima, Peru. Once there, I planned on traveling to the town of La Merced. To get there, however, I had to take a taxi for the next fourteen hours. By the time I reached La Merced, I found a hotel and asked the man at the front desk if there were any travel routes into the jungle. His simple answer was “no”. In fact, there was no way to go farther into the jungle except by hiring a boat to travel down the Amazon. However, I found that an impossible choice. At that point, I decided to go out and get something to eat. I had walked less than a minute from the hotel when a rainstorm swept across the town. I raced ahead to the closest restaurant to get out of the rain. I took a table by myself and ordered a meal. I was very tired. I was also feeling sorry for myself. I had flown down to Peru and then taken a fourteen—hour journey in a taxi only to discover there was no way to get into the jungle. Then, I saw an old man. He headed over to my table. “Hi, my name’s Fritz,” he said in English. With a smile, I introduced myself and we talked for half an hour. I told him my story. He could see I was tired and unhappy, and his eyes softened as he listened. “Come with me and stay with me and my wife Helga at our home in the jungle. We have a coffee plantation (种植园) there. You can stay as long as you’d like. At six o’clock tomorrow morning, I’ll pick you up at the hotel and take you on a trip into the jungle,” Fritz said. “Thank you very much,” I said. “Six o’clock tomorrow morning.” Honestly, I didn’t expect he would appear. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At 6:00 the next morning, I heard a car honking (鸣喇叭) outside my hotel. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ For the next five days, I was treated as a special guest in his home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$