Unit 5 Languages Around the World【单元测试 · 提升卷】-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 5 Languages Around the World【单元测试 · 提升卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As you already know, living in China requires that you should know some basic Mandarin(普通话). It doesn't even matter whether you are interested in learning a new language or not. From calling a taxi to ordering food, asking for directions, and reading addresses, Chinese is needed. To help more expats in China learn this “mysterious language” called Chinese, I have come up with the following five best online platforms or websites to learn Chinese. Memrise It offers different courses and some e⁃learning tools to teach different languages like Mandarin, French, and English. The learning process is easy and well prepared to suit almost anyone. It facilitates(促进) learning by using the question⁃and⁃multiple⁃answers method along with crowdsourcing materials and flashcards that help the memory process. Digital Dialects Do you want to have fun while learning a new language? Then Digital Dialects can be what you have been seeking. This website has more than 80 different languages to choose from. In case one language becomes boring, you can try another one. It is free to use games for learning more than 80 languages, which is the feature of the website. Within are games for learning phrases, vocabulary, spelling, verb conjugation(动词的词形变化) and alphabets. Chinese⁃Tools.com If you don't want to focus only on learning Chinese but all aspects of China, this website is suitable for you. On this site, you are sure to find everything about modern and traditional China, Chinese learning materials, tools and resources, and language exchange clubs. Zhongwen.com Just as the name implies, this website is no friend of time⁃wasting or long grammar. Just the login page alone is filled with characters. It's basically for people with more than basic knowledge of Chinese. You won't be wrong to regard it as Mandarin Wikipedia. Learn to Speak Chinese This was exactly the website I started learning my Chinese from. The site is owned by CCTV. This assures you that the teaching materials are standard and updated. Most of the teaching is through videos. You will be motivated by seeing foreigners speaking fluent Chinese in the videos. 1.What can we learn about the website Memrise? A.It owns a limited range of target users. B.Various learning methods are available. C.The learning process is more than complicated. D.Courses are offered in only Chinese and English. 2.What is the special feature of Digital Dialects? A.The boring learning process. B.The cultural knowledge of China. C.The learning games free of charge. D.The courses in 80 different languages. 3.If you want to get the whole picture of China, which of the following is highly recommended? A.Digital Dialects. B.Chinese⁃Tools.com. C.Zhongwen.com. D.Learn to Speak Chinese. B Elements of Latin have made their way into many Western countries. Data varies, but as many as 70% of words in English have a Latin or Greek root. By learning more about these roots and how they combine with other parts to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you've never seen them before. The great thing is that it's not hard to learn these roots and recognise the patterns. You're not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points. You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English. So how do word roots work? Every word has a root. This part contains the key to a word's meaning. Take the word “happy” for example. This word only contains the root, which means “full of joy”. There's nothing more to the meaning of the word in this form. Some words, however, have extra parts. We call these affixes(词缀), including prefixes, the part attached before the root, and suffixes, the part attached behind the root. Based on the additional meaning of the prefix or suffix, the final word will be shaped to mean something new. Take the word “autobiography” for example. The root is “bio”, meaning life. You may have noticed that many words with “bio” have something to do with life or living beings—biology, biography, and so on. When the suffix “graphy”, meaning writing, is added to it, it means a story about someone's life. “Auto” means by oneself. Altogether, an “autobiography” is a story about a person's life, written by the person himself or herself. In a word, a better grasp of word roots and affixes can make you understand the English language better, and will help you with your vocabulary recognition and memory skills. 4.What's needed to understand new words? A.A good understanding of Latin or Greek. B.A full understanding of grammar. C.The ability to recognise different parts of words. D.The ability to speak various Western languages. 5.What do we know about the root? A.It can't form a word by itself.　　　 B.It is a necessary part of a word. C.It is of greater importance than affixes.　　　 D.It has no impact on a word's meaning. 6.What is the meaning of “biochemistry”? A.The science that is related to living things. B.A person who does research on chemistry. C.A person who does research on living things. D.The study of chemical processes related to living things. 7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A.Secret of Understanding New Words　　　 B.Latin's Way into Western Languages C.Amazing Power of Affixes　　　 D.Tips on Language Exams C A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms(习语), though my teacher stressed the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience. One day, I came across an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished. Gently shaking his head, shrugging his shoulders, he said, “You don't say!” I was puzzled. I thought, it was likely that this was not an appropriate(适当的) type of topic. Well, I'd better change the topic. So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there?” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It is magnificent.” He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide, “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it.” Soon I was interrupted again by his words, “You don't say!” I couldn't help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well, I didn't request you to do so,” he answered, greatly surprised. I said, “Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’?” Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to explain, “‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I realize I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. 8.Why did the author pay no attention to English idioms a year ago? A.Because English idioms were too difficult to master. B.Because he did not realize the importance of them. C.Because his teacher didn't show the importance of them. D.Because he had no interest in English learning. 9.When the author first heard “You don't say!”, what did he think? A.The Englishman was not interested in the topic. B.The Englishman was only interested in the Great Wall. C.He had talked too much. D.He had to stop talking at once. 10.What can we infer from the second paragraph? A.The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall. B.The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after the author talked about it. C.The Englishman wanted the author to act as his guide. D.The Englishman thought the Great Wall was worth visiting. 11.What happened after the Englishman explained the idiom? A.He made a fool of the author. B.He made a fool of himself. C.The author felt very silly. D.The author felt proud of his understanding. D Another three astronauts(宇航员) went into space on Oct. 16, 2021. How do they sleep in space? In fact, they don't have beds in the space station but they do have sleeping bags. During the day, when they are working, they leave the bags tied to the wall, out of the way. At bedtime they untie them and take them wherever they've chosen to sleep. On most space station flights everyone sleeps at the same time. No one has to stay awake to watch over the space station; the space station's computers and the engineers at the mission control do that. If anything goes wrong, the computers will raise the alarm and the engineers will call them by radio.  In the space station, bedtime doesn't mean nighttime. During each ninety⁃or⁃so⁃minute orbit the sun “rises” and shines through their windows for about fifty minutes, and then it “sets” as their space station takes them around the dark side of the Earth. To keep the sun out of their eyes, they wear black sleep masks. It is surprisingly easy to get comfortable and fall asleep in space. Every astronaut sleeps differently—some sleep upside down, some sideways, and others right side up. When it's time to sleep, some will take their bags, their sleep masks, and their tape players with earphones and float up to the flight deck. Then they crawl into the bag, and float in a sitting position just above a seat, and right next to a window. Before they pull the mask down over their eyes, they have a rest for a while, listening to music and watching the Earth go by beneath them. 12.When it's bedtime, where do the astronauts put their sleeping bags? A.On the wall. B.At the mission control. C.In the flight deck. D.In any place they like. 13.What does the underlined phrase “watch over” in the second paragraph probably mean? A.Go over to.　　　 B.Research on. C.Look into.　　　 D.Take care of. 14.How long does it take for the space station to go round the Earth once? A.Forty minutes. B.About fifty minutes. C.About ninety minutes. D.Twenty⁃four hours. 15.What is the best title for this passage? A.Sleeping in the Space Station B.Travel in Space C.Sleeping Equipment for Astronauts D.The Earth Seen from Outer Space 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning English or any other language is like anything that requires continuous effort, like training for a marathon, or trying to lose weight. Rather than studying all day for 1 or 2 days, it is much better to do a small amount of study or practice every day, or at least on a regular basis. 　16　  It is important when learning English or any other language not to be afraid of making mistakes. The important thing is to be able to understand and communicate ideas. Even native speakers don't speak with perfect grammar.　17　 If you speak English with close friends or family, ask them to do that.  Put yourself in an environment where you are surrounded by English. Watching TV programs in English and listening to English music can be good examples. Tell your friends and family about your goal or desire to learn English.　18　 It could also help to explain why you want to improve your English, such as to study abroad or to get a new job.  English has four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.　19　 However, if you have trouble with any one of them, spend time on it. Generally, skills required to produce language like speaking and writing will develop slower than listening and reading.  　20　 Avoid trying to memorize long lists of vocabulary, unless you feel that this is the best way to learn.  Try to learn words in a context. It will not only help you to remember the words, but also help you to use them correctly when you are writing or speaking. A.It will be helpful to cover each skill. B.Use mind maps to help remember vocabulary. C.Here are some ways to improve your listening skills. D.Writing is a big headache for many English beginners. E.Here is a list of some practical ways to improve your English. F.Find friends with similar interests who support your goals. G.If you do want to improve, ask your teacher to correct any mistake you make. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Steve and Mark were good friends. They decided to spend their vacation in Haiti. Since they couldn't 　21　 French, they took a French wordbook with them and hoped it would help them in difficult situations.  The flight was 　22　, and the hotel was very comfortable. Each day after breakfast, Steve and Mark packed the picnic lunch and dinner and went off to visit interesting places. After a few days, the boys became 　23　 of eating picnic meals and decided to eat a big fish dinner in a good restaurant. Unfortunately, they left their wordbook in the hotel.  They 　24　 the menu carefully. After ten minutes, Steve said to Mark, “I don't understand this menu.” “Neither do I,” said Mark. “I see poison on the menu. Are they 　25　 here?” “Maybe. They even spelled poison 　26　. They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n. But it must mean the same thing. Maybe we should go to another restaurant. I don't 　27　 to eat something that will kill me.” But Mark was 　28　, so he said, “There is no other restaurant near here, and I'm tired of walking around the city. Let's order something else instead. It's 　29　 here, so the food must be good.”  The boys looked at the menu again. They finally decided to order steak,　30　 they really wanted fish. The boys just pointed to the word steak, and the waiter understood.  As they were eating, they　31　 some tourists speaking English. “This 　32　 is delicious. We're lucky we have picked a restaurant that's famous for its fish.”  Steve and Mark wondered what they discovered. “Famous for its fish? There was no fish on the 　33　!” said Mark.  Finally, Steve decided to find out what all this was about. “Excuse me, how did you order fish when it wasn't on the menu?” “Sure it's on the menu. It's right here. Poisson.” The boys shouted, “Poisson. That's poison! We were 　34　 why a restaurant like this could have poison on the menu.”  The tourists 　35　, and one of them said, “No. Poisson is French for fish.”  21.A.speak　　　 B.inspect　　　 C.teach　　　 D.demand 22.A.terrible　　　 B.straight C.quick　　　 D.excellent 23.A.tired　　　 B.frightened C.grateful　　　 D.fond 24.A.studied　　　 B.learnt C.remembered　　　 D.observed 25.A.familiar　　　 B.crazy C.confident　　　 D.official 26.A.fluently　　　 B.wrongly　　　 C.simply　　　 D.natively 27.A.want　　　 B.recognize C.request　　　 D.recover 28.A.scared　　　 B.equal C.tired　　　 D.endangered 29.A.active　　　 B.comfortable C.peaceful　　　 D.crowded 30.A.since　　　 B.although C.unless　　　 D.because 31.A.found　　　 B.sensed C.noticed　　　 D.heard 32.A.steak　　　 B.insect　　　 C.fruit　　　 D.fish 33.A.table　　　 B.menu　　　 C.show　　　 D.track 34.A.determining　　　B.wondering C.expressing　　　 D.admitting 35.A.stopped　　　 B.shocked C.laughed　　　 D.shouted 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was in France, I 　36　(try) to practise my language skills. However, my 　37　(break) French was so poor that sometimes I couldn't make myself understood in a conversation, so it ended 　38　 a complete communication breakdown. I did my best to pronounce words clearly but of course I was not a native 　39　(speak) or anywhere speaker approaching that level, so people often misunderstood me.  The other day, I met someone from another part of the country 　40　 had such a strong accent that at times I found it virtually incomprehensible. 　41　was hard to believe that we shared the same language, to be honest. And it wasn't just the accent—as 　42　 matter of fact, he was speaking a different dialect and using slang(俚语), 　43　 (make) it difficult for me to follow him. We had to get someone 　44　(translate) for us.  When you travel, there's sometimes a language barrier that makes communication difficult. But I've found that body language, while not 　45　(exact) the same around the world, is sufficiently universal(广泛适用的), which means that we can “talk” to other people. Gestures and facial expressions allow us to show people that we don't understand, that we want a particular thing, or whatever.  第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假如你是李华,你的英国网友Robert对汉语很感兴趣,本学期选修了汉语课程。近期他来信询问提高汉语水平的方法,请你给他写一封回信,内容要点如下: 1.表达问候; 2.提出建议并给出理由; 3.表达祝愿。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Robert, Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 8⁃year⁃old Evan was standing by the sidewalk when he noticed Mrs. Carter open her shop again. Several days ago, when Evan passed by her store, he saw a closed sign on the store's door. When the shop remained closed for not just two days, Evan was worried he'd never be able to get his “dream job”. 85⁃year⁃old Mrs. Carter was a woman selling flowers for a living and Evan befriended her when he helped her cross the street one day. Now seeing her again, Evan ran up to her and greeted her. “Can I help you today, Evan? Do you want flowers?” Mrs. Carter asked. Evan smiled, “I'm looking for a job! Could you please hire me?” “A job?” the elderly lady laughed, thinking Evan was too little for that. But Evan proudly replied that he knew many things, like making sandwiches and helping his mom get grocery bags from the car. Mrs. Carter laughed and asked Evan how much money she would have to pay him if she hired him. Evan shook his head. “All I want is a big bouquet(花束) of flowers for my mom. Her name is Stacey and her birthday is one week away. Mom says we should work hard for what we want. I want to work hard for that bouquet. Could you hire me?” Evan asked. Mrs. Carter was impressed and nodded. Then for a whole week, Evan would come to Mrs. Carter's store in the evenings and help her, and having Evan around relieved Mrs. Carter's boredom while she was working. Some customers thought Evan was lovely and entertaining, so they bought more flowers. Mrs. Carter's business became better. A week later, on Evan's last day on the job, Mrs. Carter was emotional. They had grown close for working together, and Evan had become like a grandchild of her. While making a huge bouquet of flowers for Evan's mother, Mrs. Carter secretly placed an envelope into the bouquet. The envelope contained $200. When handing him the bouquet, she said, “Will you come to see me someday, Evan? I'd be delighted to have you here.” “I will!” Evan smiled and waved goodbye to Mrs. Carter. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: Carrying the flowers, Evan rushed home to surprise his mom. Paragraph 2: Then, Evan and his mom hurried to return the money to Mrs. Carter. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Languages Around the World【单元测试 · 提升卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As you already know, living in China requires that you should know some basic Mandarin(普通话). It doesn't even matter whether you are interested in learning a new language or not. From calling a taxi to ordering food, asking for directions, and reading addresses, Chinese is needed. To help more expats in China learn this “mysterious language” called Chinese, I have come up with the following five best online platforms or websites to learn Chinese. Memrise It offers different courses and some e⁃learning tools to teach different languages like Mandarin, French, and English. The learning process is easy and well prepared to suit almost anyone. It facilitates(促进) learning by using the question⁃and⁃multiple⁃answers method along with crowdsourcing materials and flashcards that help the memory process. Digital Dialects Do you want to have fun while learning a new language? Then Digital Dialects can be what you have been seeking. This website has more than 80 different languages to choose from. In case one language becomes boring, you can try another one. It is free to use games for learning more than 80 languages, which is the feature of the website. Within are games for learning phrases, vocabulary, spelling, verb conjugation(动词的词形变化) and alphabets. Chinese⁃Tools.com If you don't want to focus only on learning Chinese but all aspects of China, this website is suitable for you. On this site, you are sure to find everything about modern and traditional China, Chinese learning materials, tools and resources, and language exchange clubs. Zhongwen.com Just as the name implies, this website is no friend of time⁃wasting or long grammar. Just the login page alone is filled with characters. It's basically for people with more than basic knowledge of Chinese. You won't be wrong to regard it as Mandarin Wikipedia. Learn to Speak Chinese This was exactly the website I started learning my Chinese from. The site is owned by CCTV. This assures you that the teaching materials are standard and updated. Most of the teaching is through videos. You will be motivated by seeing foreigners speaking fluent Chinese in the videos. 1.What can we learn about the website Memrise? A.It owns a limited range of target users. B.Various learning methods are available. C.The learning process is more than complicated. D.Courses are offered in only Chinese and English. 2.What is the special feature of Digital Dialects? A.The boring learning process. B.The cultural knowledge of China. C.The learning games free of charge. D.The courses in 80 different languages. 3.If you want to get the whole picture of China, which of the following is highly recommended? A.Digital Dialects. B.Chinese⁃Tools.com. C.Zhongwen.com. D.Learn to Speak Chinese. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了几个学习中文的网站,它们可以帮助在中国居住的外国人学习汉语、了解中国文化。 1.B　推理判断题。由题干关键信息Memrise定位到文章第二段,由第二段中的最后一句可知,它通过使用一个问题和多种答案的方法以及众包帮助记忆的材料和抽认卡来促进学习。由此得出,在该网站中,学习的方法多种多样。故选B。A项“它的目标用户范围有限”与第二段中的“suit almost anyone”矛盾;C项“学习过程非常复杂”与第二段中的“The learning process is easy”矛盾;D项“只提供中文和英文课程”与第二段中的“teach different languages like Mandarin, French, and English”矛盾。 2.C　细节理解题。由题干关键信息Digital Dialects定位到文章第三段,由第三段中的倒数第二句可知,在该网站中,使用者可以免费利用游戏来学习语言,这是这个网站的特色。故选C。 易错归因　本题容易误选D项,该网站的特色是通过免费的游戏来学习80多种语言,D项的80门语言的课程在数量上与正文产生了偏差(80与80多)。 3.B　细节理解题。由第四段中的“If you don't want to focus only on learning Chinese but all aspects of China, this website is suitable for you.”可知,Chinese⁃Tools.com这个网站可以帮助人们全面了解中国。故选B。 【高频词汇】　1.come up with提出,想出　2.platform n.平台;站台;讲台　3.in case万一,如果　4.feature n.特色;特点;特写 v.以……为特色;起重要作用　5.focus on集中精力于　6.aspect n.方面　7.suitable adj.合适的 8.resource n.资源　9.update v.更新　10.fluent adj.流利的 【差距词汇】　1.expat n.侨民　2.multiple adj.多种多样的 3.alphabet n.字母表　4.assure v.向……保证 长难句 原句　It facilitates learning by using the question⁃and⁃multiple⁃answers method along with crowdsourcing materials and flashcards that help the memory process. 分析　本句的主干是It facilitates learning。by using...为介词短语作方式状语;在方式状语中,that为关系代词,引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词materials and flashcards。 译文　它通过使用一个问题和多种答案的方法以及众包帮助记忆过程的材料和抽认卡来促进学习。 B Elements of Latin have made their way into many Western countries. Data varies, but as many as 70% of words in English have a Latin or Greek root. By learning more about these roots and how they combine with other parts to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you've never seen them before. The great thing is that it's not hard to learn these roots and recognise the patterns. You're not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points. You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English. So how do word roots work? Every word has a root. This part contains the key to a word's meaning. Take the word “happy” for example. This word only contains the root, which means “full of joy”. There's nothing more to the meaning of the word in this form. Some words, however, have extra parts. We call these affixes(词缀), including prefixes, the part attached before the root, and suffixes, the part attached behind the root. Based on the additional meaning of the prefix or suffix, the final word will be shaped to mean something new. Take the word “autobiography” for example. The root is “bio”, meaning life. You may have noticed that many words with “bio” have something to do with life or living beings—biology, biography, and so on. When the suffix “graphy”, meaning writing, is added to it, it means a story about someone's life. “Auto” means by oneself. Altogether, an “autobiography” is a story about a person's life, written by the person himself or herself. In a word, a better grasp of word roots and affixes can make you understand the English language better, and will help you with your vocabulary recognition and memory skills. 4.What's needed to understand new words? A.A good understanding of Latin or Greek. B.A full understanding of grammar. C.The ability to recognise different parts of words. D.The ability to speak various Western languages. 5.What do we know about the root? A.It can't form a word by itself.　　　 B.It is a necessary part of a word. C.It is of greater importance than affixes.　　　 D.It has no impact on a word's meaning. 6.What is the meaning of “biochemistry”? A.The science that is related to living things. B.A person who does research on chemistry. C.A person who does research on living things. D.The study of chemical processes related to living things. 7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A.Secret of Understanding New Words　　　 B.Latin's Way into Western Languages C.Amazing Power of Affixes　　　 D.Tips on Language Exams ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了了解英语词根和词缀在学习英语单词中的重要作用。 4.C　推理判断题。根据第五段和第六段可知有些词只含有词根,有些词还含有词缀(词缀包括前缀和后缀),再结合第七段中的具体例子可知,要想理解新单词我们需要识别单词的不同部分的能力。故选C。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Every word has a root.(每个单词都有词根。)”可知,词根是一个单词必不可少的一部分。故选B。 6.D　词义猜测题。根据第七段中的“The root is ‘bio’, meaning life. You may have noticed that many words with ‘bio’ have something to do with life or living beings”可知词根“bio”和生命或生物相关,由此可推知,“biochemistry”应当同时含有生物和化学的意思。故选D。 7.A　主旨大意题。根据文章结构: 第一段 主要介绍了百分之七十的英语单词有拉丁语或希腊语词根 第二、三段 主要介绍了词根的重要性和学习的难易度 第四、五、六、七段 主要介绍了词根和词缀如何起作用 第八段(总结) 掌握词根和词缀能更好地理解英语,有助于提升词汇识别能力和培养记忆技巧 可知全文主要介绍了如何通过词根和词缀来更有效地学习新单词。A项“理解新单词的秘诀”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选A。 易错归因　本题易受文章第一段第一句的影响而误选B项,但第一段提到的“百分之七十的英语单词有拉丁语或希腊语词根”是为了引出下文的内容——词根,拉丁语不是文章主要谈论的对象。由此可排除B项。 【高频词汇】　1.vary v.各不相同;(使)变化 2.recognise v.识别　3.contain v.包含　4.attach v.附;贴;系　5.additional adj.附加的,额外的　6.in a word总而言之　7.various adj.各种各样的　8.have no impact on...对……没有影响　9.be related to...和……有关　10.process n.过程,进程　11.amazing adj.令人惊奇的 长难句 原句　By learning more about these roots and how they combine with other parts to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you've never seen them before. 分析　本文是一个主从复合句。主句是you will...words;By learning more about these roots and how they combine with other parts to create words是介词短语作状语,其中how 引导介词about后的宾语从句;even if引导的是让步状语从句。 译文　通过更多地了解这些词根以及它们如何与其他部分结合在一起创造单词,你在理解新单词方面会有优势,即使你以前从未见过它们。 C A year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms(习语), though my teacher stressed the importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience. One day, I came across an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be astonished. Gently shaking his head, shrugging his shoulders, he said, “You don't say!” I was puzzled. I thought, it was likely that this was not an appropriate(适当的) type of topic. Well, I'd better change the topic. So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way, have you ever been there?” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It is magnificent.” He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide, “The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it.” Soon I was interrupted again by his words, “You don't say!” I couldn't help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well, I didn't request you to do so,” he answered, greatly surprised. I said, “Didn't you say ‘You don't say!’?” Hearing this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to explain, “‘You don't say!’ actually means ‘Really!’. It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I realize I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. 8.Why did the author pay no attention to English idioms a year ago? A.Because English idioms were too difficult to master. B.Because he did not realize the importance of them. C.Because his teacher didn't show the importance of them. D.Because he had no interest in English learning. 9.When the author first heard “You don't say!”, what did he think? A.The Englishman was not interested in the topic. B.The Englishman was only interested in the Great Wall. C.He had talked too much. D.He had to stop talking at once. 10.What can we infer from the second paragraph? A.The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall. B.The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after the author talked about it. C.The Englishman wanted the author to act as his guide. D.The Englishman thought the Great Wall was worth visiting. 11.What happened after the Englishman explained the idiom? A.He made a fool of the author. B.He made a fool of himself. C.The author felt very silly. D.The author felt proud of his understanding. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的一次非常有趣的经历,告诉我们英语习语的重要性。 8.B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知,一年前作者不重视英语习语是因为作者没有意识到习语的重要性,故选B。 9.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was puzzled. I thought, it was likely that this was not an appropriate(适当的) type of topic.”可知,作者第一次听到“You don't say!”时,认为这个英格兰人对这个话题不感兴趣,故选A。 10.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It is magnificent.”可知,这个英格兰人认为没有看到长城就离开中国会被嘲笑。由此可推断出,这个英格兰人认为长城值得参观,故选D。 11.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,在英格兰人解释了这个习语之后,作者感觉自己出丑了,故C项“作者觉得自己很愚蠢”符合题意。 易错归因　本题易错选A项“他愚弄了作者”。根据最后一段中的“I had made a fool of myself”可知是作者自己出了洋相,此处犯了张冠李戴的错误。 【高频词汇】　1.pay attention to 注意　2.stress the importance 强调重要性　3.come across 偶遇　4.astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的　5.puzzled adj.困惑的,迷惑不解的 6.deep in thought 陷入沉思　7.can't help doing sth.忍不住做某事 【差距词汇】　1.shrug v.耸(肩)　2.magnificent adj.壮丽的,宏伟的 D Another three astronauts(宇航员) went into space on Oct. 16, 2021. How do they sleep in space? In fact, they don't have beds in the space station but they do have sleeping bags. During the day, when they are working, they leave the bags tied to the wall, out of the way. At bedtime they untie them and take them wherever they've chosen to sleep. On most space station flights everyone sleeps at the same time. No one has to stay awake to watch over the space station; the space station's computers and the engineers at the mission control do that. If anything goes wrong, the computers will raise the alarm and the engineers will call them by radio.  In the space station, bedtime doesn't mean nighttime. During each ninety⁃or⁃so⁃minute orbit the sun “rises” and shines through their windows for about fifty minutes, and then it “sets” as their space station takes them around the dark side of the Earth. To keep the sun out of their eyes, they wear black sleep masks. It is surprisingly easy to get comfortable and fall asleep in space. Every astronaut sleeps differently—some sleep upside down, some sideways, and others right side up. When it's time to sleep, some will take their bags, their sleep masks, and their tape players with earphones and float up to the flight deck. Then they crawl into the bag, and float in a sitting position just above a seat, and right next to a window. Before they pull the mask down over their eyes, they have a rest for a while, listening to music and watching the Earth go by beneath them. 12.When it's bedtime, where do the astronauts put their sleeping bags? A.On the wall. B.At the mission control. C.In the flight deck. D.In any place they like. 13.What does the underlined phrase “watch over” in the second paragraph probably mean? A.Go over to.　　　 B.Research on. C.Look into.　　　 D.Take care of. 14.How long does it take for the space station to go round the Earth once? A.Forty minutes. B.About fifty minutes. C.About ninety minutes. D.Twenty⁃four hours. 15.What is the best title for this passage? A.Sleeping in the Space Station B.Travel in Space C.Sleeping Equipment for Astronauts D.The Earth Seen from Outer Space ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是宇宙空间站里的人是怎么睡觉的。 12.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,睡觉的时候,宇航员可以把睡袋放在他们喜欢的任何地方,故选D。 13.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可知,没有人需要保持清醒来　　　宇宙空间站,宇宙空间站的电脑和航天地面指挥中心的工程师负责做这件事,如果出现什么问题,电脑会发出警报,工程师会通过无线电呼叫他们。因此画线短语watch over的意思是take care of,表示“照管;监督”,故选D。  14.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“During each ninety⁃or⁃so⁃minute orbit”可知,宇宙空间站绕地球一周要花大约90分钟,故选C。 15.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“How do they sleep in space?”和第二段中的“everyone sleeps at the same time”以及第四段整段内容可知本文主要讲的是在宇宙空间站中人是怎么睡觉的,因此最好的题目是A选项“Sleeping in the Space Station(在宇宙空间站中睡觉)”,故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning English or any other language is like anything that requires continuous effort, like training for a marathon, or trying to lose weight. Rather than studying all day for 1 or 2 days, it is much better to do a small amount of study or practice every day, or at least on a regular basis. 　16　  It is important when learning English or any other language not to be afraid of making mistakes. The important thing is to be able to understand and communicate ideas. Even native speakers don't speak with perfect grammar.　17　 If you speak English with close friends or family, ask them to do that.  Put yourself in an environment where you are surrounded by English. Watching TV programs in English and listening to English music can be good examples. Tell your friends and family about your goal or desire to learn English.　18　 It could also help to explain why you want to improve your English, such as to study abroad or to get a new job.  English has four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.　19　 However, if you have trouble with any one of them, spend time on it. Generally, skills required to produce language like speaking and writing will develop slower than listening and reading.  　20　 Avoid trying to memorize long lists of vocabulary, unless you feel that this is the best way to learn.  Try to learn words in a context. It will not only help you to remember the words, but also help you to use them correctly when you are writing or speaking. A.It will be helpful to cover each skill. B.Use mind maps to help remember vocabulary. C.Here are some ways to improve your listening skills. D.Writing is a big headache for many English beginners. E.Here is a list of some practical ways to improve your English. F.Find friends with similar interests who support your goals. G.If you do want to improve, ask your teacher to correct any mistake you make. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些切实可行的学习英语的方法。 16.E　过渡句。设空处上文简要说明了学习英语或任何其他语言应该怎么做,下文阐述了一些具体的学英语的方法。E项(这里列出了一些提高英语水平的实用的方法)承上启下。故选E。 易错归因　本题考生容易因看到C项中的“Here are some ways”而错选,但是C项中的“your listening skills”范围过小,与下文的内容不匹配,因此可排除。 17.G　细节句。设空处上一句提到“即使以英语为母语的人也不会用完美的语法进行交流”,设空处下一句提到“如果你用英语和亲密的朋友或家人交流,请他们那样做”。G项(如果你确实想提升,请你的老师纠正你犯的任何一个错误)与上文所述话题一致,都与错误有关,且与下文衔接紧密,设空处下一句中的“that”指的就是G项中提到的“correct any mistake you make”。 18.F　细节句。设空处上一句提到“告诉你的朋友和家人你的目标或学习英语的愿望”。F项(找到有相似兴趣的支持你的目标的朋友)中的friends和goals照应上文,符合语境。故选F项。 19.A　细节句。设空处上一句提到“英语包含四项技能:听、说、读、写”,设空处下一句提到“然而,如果你对其中任何一项有问题,就在那上面花时间”。A项 (拥有每一项技能会很有帮助)与上文所述话题一致、衔接紧密,且下文与其形成转折关系。故选A。 20.B　细节句。设空处下一句提到“除非你觉得这是最好的学习方式,否则不要试图记住长长的词汇表”,即记长串的词汇是作者不太建议的学习词汇的方法,B项(使用思维导图帮助记忆词汇)是作者建议的方法,B项符合语境。 【高频词汇】　1.on a regular basis定期地 2.communicate v.传达;传递;沟通　3.surround v.围绕　4.improve v.提升,提高　5.practical adj.实用的;切实可行的 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Steve and Mark were good friends. They decided to spend their vacation in Haiti. Since they couldn't 　21　 French, they took a French wordbook with them and hoped it would help them in difficult situations.  The flight was 　22　, and the hotel was very comfortable. Each day after breakfast, Steve and Mark packed the picnic lunch and dinner and went off to visit interesting places. After a few days, the boys became 　23　 of eating picnic meals and decided to eat a big fish dinner in a good restaurant. Unfortunately, they left their wordbook in the hotel.  They 　24　 the menu carefully. After ten minutes, Steve said to Mark, “I don't understand this menu.” “Neither do I,” said Mark. “I see poison on the menu. Are they 　25　 here?” “Maybe. They even spelled poison 　26　. They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n. But it must mean the same thing. Maybe we should go to another restaurant. I don't 　27　 to eat something that will kill me.” But Mark was 　28　, so he said, “There is no other restaurant near here, and I'm tired of walking around the city. Let's order something else instead. It's 　29　 here, so the food must be good.”  The boys looked at the menu again. They finally decided to order steak,　30　 they really wanted fish. The boys just pointed to the word steak, and the waiter understood.  As they were eating, they　31　 some tourists speaking English. “This 　32　 is delicious. We're lucky we have picked a restaurant that's famous for its fish.”  Steve and Mark wondered what they discovered. “Famous for its fish? There was no fish on the 　33　!” said Mark.  Finally, Steve decided to find out what all this was about. “Excuse me, how did you order fish when it wasn't on the menu?” “Sure it's on the menu. It's right here. Poisson.” The boys shouted, “Poisson. That's poison! We were 　34　 why a restaurant like this could have poison on the menu.”  The tourists 　35　, and one of them said, “No. Poisson is French for fish.”  21.A.speak　　　 B.inspect　　　 C.teach　　　 D.demand 22.A.terrible　　　 B.straight C.quick　　　 D.excellent 23.A.tired　　　 B.frightened C.grateful　　　 D.fond 24.A.studied　　　 B.learnt C.remembered　　　 D.observed 25.A.familiar　　　 B.crazy C.confident　　　 D.official 26.A.fluently　　　 B.wrongly　　　 C.simply　　　 D.natively 27.A.want　　　 B.recognize C.request　　　 D.recover 28.A.scared　　　 B.equal C.tired　　　 D.endangered 29.A.active　　　 B.comfortable C.peaceful　　　 D.crowded 30.A.since　　　 B.although C.unless　　　 D.because 31.A.found　　　 B.sensed C.noticed　　　 D.heard 32.A.steak　　　 B.insect　　　 C.fruit　　　 D.fish 33.A.table　　　 B.menu　　　 C.show　　　 D.track 34.A.determining　　　B.wondering C.expressing　　　 D.admitting 35.A.stopped　　　 B.shocked C.laughed　　　 D.shouted 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了两个男孩去海地旅行,由于不懂法语,他们误把法语中的“poisson”当成英语中的“poison”,认为它是“毒药”的意思,导致他们在餐馆吃饭时没能吃到鱼。 21.A　根据“they took a French wordbook with them”可知,他们随身带了一本法语字典,由此可知,他们不会说法语。故选A项。 22.D　根据“and the hotel was very comfortable”可知,and连接两个并列分句,and后提到酒店非常舒适,由此可知and前对航班的描述也应该是好的,excellent意为“极好的”,符合语境。故选D项。 23.A　根据“decided to eat a big fish dinner in a good restaurant”可知,他们想去餐馆吃一顿丰盛的带鱼的晚餐,由此可知,他们厌倦了野餐,become tired of doing sth.意为“厌倦做某事”。故选A项。 24.A　根据上文可知,他们去餐馆吃饭,可是他们不会说法语,又没带法语字典,由此可知他们看不懂菜单,所以应该是仔细研究菜单。故选A项。 25.B　根据“poison”可知,他们误以为餐馆提供毒药,由此可知,他们认为餐馆的行为是疯狂的。故选B项。 26.B　根据“They spelled it p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃n instead of p⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n.”可知,他们认为餐馆把“毒药”这个单词拼错了。故选B项。 27.A　根据“eat something that will kill me”和生活常识可知,史蒂夫不想吃会杀死自己的东西,want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。故选A项。 28.C　根据“I'm tired of walking around the city”可知,马克不想在城市里到处找餐馆了,由此可知,他是疲倦的。故选C项。 29.D　根据“so the food must be good”可知,马克推断餐馆的食物很好吃,由此可知,餐馆里的人一定很多,是拥挤的。故选D项。 30.B　根据上文“decided to eat a big fish dinner”可知,他们本来是打算吃鱼的,由此可知,尽管他们很想吃鱼,但由于他们认为菜单上没有鱼,所以最后决定点牛排。故选B项。 31.D　根据“some tourists speaking English”可知,游客说英语应该是被他们听到。故选D项。 32.D　根据下文“We're lucky...famous for its fish.”可知,游客觉得很幸运,因为选了一家以鱼闻名的餐馆,由此可知,他们认为这家餐馆的鱼很好吃。故选D项。 33.B　根据前文内容可知,他们仔细研究了菜单,发现菜单上没有鱼。故选B项。 34.B　根据“why a restaurant like this could have poison on the menu”可知,他们想知道为什么像这样的餐馆的菜单上会有毒药。故选B项。 35.C　根据文章内容可知,两个男孩误把法语中的“poisson”当成了英语中的“poison”,认为它是“毒药”的意思,这个误会使其他游客大笑。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was in France, I 　36　(try) to practise my language skills. However, my 　37　(break) French was so poor that sometimes I couldn't make myself understood in a conversation, so it ended 　38　 a complete communication breakdown. I did my best to pronounce words clearly but of course I was not a native 　39　(speak) or anywhere speaker approaching that level, so people often misunderstood me.  The other day, I met someone from another part of the country 　40　 had such a strong accent that at times I found it virtually incomprehensible. 　41　was hard to believe that we shared the same language, to be honest. And it wasn't just the accent—as 　42　 matter of fact, he was speaking a different dialect and using slang(俚语), 　43　 (make) it difficult for me to follow him. We had to get someone 　44　(translate) for us.  When you travel, there's sometimes a language barrier that makes communication difficult. But I've found that body language, while not 　45　(exact) the same around the world, is sufficiently universal(广泛适用的), which means that we can “talk” to other people. Gestures and facial expressions allow us to show people that we don't understand, that we want a particular thing, or whatever.  ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者结合自己的亲身经历,建议人们在旅游时,如果遇到语言不通所造成的交流障碍,可以利用肢体语言和面部表情来表达自己的想法。 36.tried　考查动词时态。分析句子成分可知,设空处作主句中的谓语动词,由时间状语从句When I was in France中的时态(一般过去时)可知此处也应用一般过去时。故填tried。 37.broken　考查形容词。设空处后是名词French,所以此处应用形容词作定语,形容词broken意为“不流利的;说得结结巴巴的”。故填broken。 38.in　考查介词。句意:然而,我那不流利的法语实在是太糟糕了,以至于有时我无法在谈话中让别人理解我的意思,因此谈话以彻底的交流失败告终。end in...意为“以……告终”。故填in。 39.speaker　考查名词。此处指“我”不是(法语的)母语使用者,native speaker指的是“母语使用者”。设空处前有冠词a,所以应用单数名词。故填speaker。 40.who　考查定语从句的引导词。句意:前几天,我遇到一个来自这个国家另一个地方的人,他的口音很重,以至于有时我几乎听不懂。设空处前面的“from another part of the country”是介词短语作后置定语,修饰someone,设空处无提示词,“　5　had such a strong accent”中缺少主语,由句意可知其主语即前面的someone,由此可知设空处引导定语从句,定语从句的先行词为someone,应用关系代词who。  41.It　考查代词。句意:说实话,很难相信我们说相同的语言。分析句子成分可知,设空处作形式主语,动词不定式短语“to believe that we shared the same language”为真正的主语,故用it作形式主语。设空处位于句子开头,首字母要大写。故填It。 42.a　考查冠词。句意:这不仅仅是口音的问题——事实上,他说的是一种不同的方言,而且使用了俚语,这让我很难听懂他的话。as a matter of fact意为“事实上”。故填a。 43.making　考查现在分词。句意见上一题。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语动词且设空处前面无并列连词,故此处应用非谓语动词,结合句意可知此处表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。 44.to translate　考查动词不定式。句意:我们不得不找个人为我们翻译。get sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。故填to translate。 45.exactly　考查副词。not exactly the same意为“不完全相同”,此处应用副词作状语。故填exactly。 【高频词汇】　1.approach v.接近;靠近　2.accent n.口音　3.at times有时　4.to be honest说实话　5.barrier n.障碍　6.particular adj.特别的,特定的 【差距词汇】　1.virtually adv.几乎;差不多;事实上 2.incomprehensible adj.无法理解的,难懂的 长难句 原句　The other day, I met someone from another part of the country who had such a strong accent that at times I found it virtually incomprehensible. 分析　本句是一个主从复合句。本句中who引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词someone,such...that...引导的是结果状语从句。 译文　前几天,我遇到一个来自这个国家另一个地方的人,他的口音很重,以至于有时我几乎听不懂。 第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假如你是李华,你的英国网友Robert对汉语很感兴趣,本学期选修了汉语课程。近期他来信询问提高汉语水平的方法,请你给他写一封回信,内容要点如下: 1.表达问候; 2.提出建议并给出理由; 3.表达祝愿。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Robert, Yours, Li Hua Dear Robert,  Knowing that you are longing for some advice on how to improve your Chinese, I am very glad to offer you a few suggestions. First of all, it is helpful to watch TV programs in Chinese whenever possible, which can provide you with enjoyable context and make your learning interesting. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn to sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese characters more easily. What's more, keeping a diary in Chinese will help you improve it. May you make great progress! Yours, Li Hua  第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 8⁃year⁃old Evan was standing by the sidewalk when he noticed Mrs. Carter open her shop again. Several days ago, when Evan passed by her store, he saw a closed sign on the store's door. When the shop remained closed for not just two days, Evan was worried he'd never be able to get his “dream job”. 85⁃year⁃old Mrs. Carter was a woman selling flowers for a living and Evan befriended her when he helped her cross the street one day. Now seeing her again, Evan ran up to her and greeted her. “Can I help you today, Evan? Do you want flowers?” Mrs. Carter asked. Evan smiled, “I'm looking for a job! Could you please hire me?” “A job?” the elderly lady laughed, thinking Evan was too little for that. But Evan proudly replied that he knew many things, like making sandwiches and helping his mom get grocery bags from the car. Mrs. Carter laughed and asked Evan how much money she would have to pay him if she hired him. Evan shook his head. “All I want is a big bouquet(花束) of flowers for my mom. Her name is Stacey and her birthday is one week away. Mom says we should work hard for what we want. I want to work hard for that bouquet. Could you hire me?” Evan asked. Mrs. Carter was impressed and nodded. Then for a whole week, Evan would come to Mrs. Carter's store in the evenings and help her, and having Evan around relieved Mrs. Carter's boredom while she was working. Some customers thought Evan was lovely and entertaining, so they bought more flowers. Mrs. Carter's business became better. A week later, on Evan's last day on the job, Mrs. Carter was emotional. They had grown close for working together, and Evan had become like a grandchild of her. While making a huge bouquet of flowers for Evan's mother, Mrs. Carter secretly placed an envelope into the bouquet. The envelope contained $200. When handing him the bouquet, she said, “Will you come to see me someday, Evan? I'd be delighted to have you here.” “I will!” Evan smiled and waved goodbye to Mrs. Carter. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: Carrying the flowers, Evan rushed home to surprise his mom. Paragraph 2: Then, Evan and his mom hurried to return the money to Mrs. Carter. Paragraph 1: Carrying the flowers, Evan rushed home to surprise his mom. “Happy Birthday, Mom!” he cried, running up to her. Stacey was shocked at the huge bouquet. “Where did you get it?” she asked. When Evan told the whole story, Stacey was delighted and hugged her son tightly. Evan smiled and was about to give her the bouquet when he suddenly noticed the envelope. He pulled it out and found the money in it. “But I told Mrs. Carter not to pay me! I think this got here by mistake!” said Evan. Paragraph 2: Then, Evan and his mom hurried to return the money to Mrs. Carter. When they reached her store and were about to return the money, Mrs. Carter smiled and said, “It's the pay for Evan. He did a very good job. Keep it. The flowers are my gift for you.” Stacey was grateful for Mrs. Carter's kindness and invited her home for dinner that night to celebrate her birthday together. From then on, Stacey joined Evan in helping Mrs. Carter in her store and they became friends. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$