专题01 Units 1-3核心知识归纳（考点串讲）-2024-2025学年七年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲（沪教版五四学制2024）

核心知识归纳(Units 1-3) 1 1.discuss v.讨论 【词性转换】discuss- discussion(n.讨论) 【相关词组】(1)discuss sth.with sb. 和某人讨论某事 (2)make a discussion讨论 【举例】They are discussing the sport meeting with their teacher. = They are making a discussion about the sports meeting with their teacher他们正 在和老师讨论运动会。 2.everywhere adv.到处【相关词组】everywhere else 其他任何地方 【举例】Smoking isn't allowed almost everywhere. 吸烟几乎到处都是不被允许的。 2 3.impossible adj.不可能的 【反义词】possible 【词性转换】(1)possible(adj.可能的)- impossible (2)possible- possibility(n.可能性) (3)(im)possible-(im)possibly(adv.不可能地) 【相关词组】as.. as possible 尽可能的.… 【相关句型】lt's (im)possible for sb. to do sth. 对某人而言做某事是(不)可能的。 在英语课上吃零食是不可能的。 【举例】(1) It's impossible for you to have snacks in English class. (2)Who will possibly buy the toy car? 谁有可能会买这辆玩具车? 3 (3)Scientists are conducting a research on the possibility of living on the moon.科 学家正在研究居住在月球上的可能性。 (4)As long as you call me, I will get there as quickly as impossible.只要你打电 话给我，我就会尽快赶来。 4 4.fail v.失败 ，(考试)不及格 【反义词】succeed 【词性转换】fail-failure(n.失败) 【相关词组】(1)fail many times 失败了很多次 (2)fail an exam 考试不及格 (3)fail to do sth. 未能做成某事 (4)sense of failure 挫败感 【举例】(1) If soil is dry,the potato will fail to grow. 如果土壤干燥，土豆就没 法生长。 5 (2)As we all know,failure is the mother of the success. 众所周知，失败是成功之 母。pizza n.披萨饼 【相关词组】a piece of pizza 一块披萨饼 【举例】Have a piece of pizza, or you will be hungry later.吃块披萨，不然你后 面会饿的。 burn v.烫伤 【过去式，过去分词】burnt/burned，burnt/burned 【相关词组】(1)get burned 被烫伤 (2)burn energy 燃烧能量 【举例】I'm sure you will burn energy if you keep doing exercise. 如果你一直锻炼，我确信你会燃烧能量的。 6 5.separate v.隔开，分离 adj.单独的，分开的 【词性转换】separate-separately(adv.个别地) 【相关词组】(1)separate in water在水中分离 separate (2)( ) A from B把A和 B分开 (3)separate sth.into …把某物分成.. 【举例】This type of tool can help you separate the sand from the powder这种工 具可以帮你把沙子和细粉分离。 7 6.succeed v.成功 【反义词】fail (1)succeed- success(n.成功) 【词性转换】 (2)success(n.成功)- successful(adj.有成效的，成功的) (3)successful-successfully(adv.成功地) 【相关词组】(1)make a great/huge success in… 在某方面取得巨大的成功 (1)成功(做)某事:~succeed in(doing)sth.~be successful in (doing) sth 8 【举例】 (1) If you keep working hard, you will certainly succeed in what you want one day.如果你坚持努力，总有一天你必会成功达成你想要做的。 (2)As a result, he made a great success in his career. 老师作为结果，他在事业上取得了巨大的成功。 9 7.stick v.粘贴，坚持 n.拐权 【过去式，过去分词】stuck/sticked，stuck/sticked 【词性转换】stick-sticky(adj 粘的) 【相关词组】(1)stick sth.onto.. 把某物粘到.上去 (2)stick to(doing)sth 坚持做某事 【举例】(1)I remembered leaving the stick in the store which is far away from my home.我记起把棍子落在了离家很远的商店里。 (2)You can stick it on the card with the tool instead of glue. 你可以用这个工具代替胶水把它粘到卡片上。 (3)If you stick to working hard, you will realize your dream one day. 如果你坚持努力工作，你终有一天会实现梦想的。 10 8.away adv.离开 【相关词组】(1)stay/keep away from .. 远离... (2)go/run/drive away 离开/逃跑/驱车离开 【举例】You'd better stay away from smoking because it's bad for your health. 你最好远离抽烟，因为它对你的健康有害。 11 9.luckily adv.幸好，幸运地 【反义词】unluckily = unfortunately 【近义词】fortunately【词性转换】(1)luck(n.运气)lucky(adj.幸运的)-luckily (2) unlucky (adj.不幸的)- unluckily(adv.不幸地) 【相关词组】(1)good/bad luck 好运气/坏运气 (2)be lucky to do sth. 做某事很幸运 【举例】 (1) in China, red paper is always used for making red envelopes because red means good luck;在中国，红纸一直被用来做红包，因为红色代表着 好运。 (1)I'm so lucky to have such a good friend. 我很幸运能有这样一个好朋友。 (3)Luckily，nothing valuable was stolen. 幸运的是，没有贵重物品失窃, 12 10.excitedly adv.兴奋地 【词性转换】(1)excite(v.使兴奋，使激动)-exciting(adj).令人兴奋的) (2)excite- excited(adj. 感到兴奋的)- excitedly (3)excite-excitement(n.令人激动的事) 13 【相关词组】 (1)shout excitedly 兴奋地大叫 (2)be excited about/at sth.为某事感到激动 (3)to one's excitement使某人兴奋的是 (4)with excitement兴奋地 (5)an exciting trip 令人兴奋的旅行 【举例】(1)The whole afternoon, these students were excited about the arrival of the star 这些学生们一整个下午都在对明星的到来感到兴奋。 14 (2)After hearing that he won the champion, he rushed out excitedly. 听说赢了冠军后，他兴奋地冲了出去。 (3)Jimmy Lin found the race car exciting at the age of 10. 林志颖 10 岁时发现赛车很激动人心。 11.hopefully adv.有希望地 【词性转换】(1)hope(n./v.希望，期望)- hopeful(adj. 满怀希望的) (2)hope- hopeless(adj.无望的)- hopelessly(adv无望地) 15 【相关词组】 (1)hope to do sth. 希望做某事 (2)hope for sth. 期望某事 (3)in the hope of … 怀着…的希望 【举例】(1)She just stood there,looking at me hopefully. 她就只是站在这儿，满 是希望地看着我。 (2)The twins said they hoped to spend their holiday in the country. 这对双胞胎说他们希望去乡下度假。 (3)The man worked hard, hoping for a better future. 男人努力工作，希望有个更好的未来。 16 (4)Scientists often study Mars's weather in the hope of better understanding our own. 科学家经常研究火星的天气，希望更好地理解我们自己地星球。 adj.无尽的，数不尽的 17 12.countless 【词性转换】(1)count(v.数，点)-countless (2)count-counter(n.柜台，计算机) (3)count-countable(adj. 可计算的) 18 【相关词组】 (1)after countless tries经过无数次尝试 (2)count from … to … (3)count on 指望，依靠把 (4)count in 【举例】(1)Nowadays countless people choose to shop online instead of going to the shopping malls. 现如今，不计其数的人们选择网上购物而不是去百货商场。 (2)The one-year-old baby can already count from 1 to 1000. 这个一岁的孩子已经可以从1数到 1000 了。 19 (3)All of us have nothing to do in the desert but count on a heavy rain. 我们所有人除了指望一场大雨，在这片沙漠中别无他法。 (4) In western countries, people count in thousands, but in Japan they count in ten thousands. 在西方国家，人们以千为单位计数，但是在日本他们是以万为单位计数。 (5)Don't count in the broken ones. 不要把坏的计算在内。 (6)The man who was in a black cap was standing behind the counter. 带着黑色鸭舌帽的男人正站在柜台后面。 20 1.radio n.无线电广播；收音机 【提示】常用turn on/off the radio 表示“打开/关闭收音机”。 I sat down and turned on the radio.我坐了下来，打开了收音机。 常用on/over the radio 表示“在电台里(听到某些内容)”。 Did you hear the news on the radio this morning?你听到今天早上电台里的 新闻了吗? 21 2.deep adj.低沉的；深的 I have a deep voice.我有低沉的声音。 We'll take the boat out into deep water. 我们会把船带到深水处。 Gary had a deep sleep last night.加里昨晚睡得很沉。 22 3.fear n.害怕；担忧 I have a fear of heights. 我有恐高症。 【提示】fear 也可作动词，表示“害怕；畏惧；惧怕”。 What do you fear most?你最怕什么? 【联想】fearful adj. 担心的；担忧的；忧虑的 fearless adj.不怕的；无畏的； 大胆的 speak out without fear此处可以理解为“无畏地发声”。 speak out (尤指对有强烈感受的话题)公开发表意见，坦率地说出 通常指在公开场合大胆地说出自己的意见或感受，通常是针对某种不公正 或 不合理的情况，表示不满或反对。这个短语强调了表达自己的观点或立 场的勇气 和坚定性。 23 4.belief n.信念；相信 You must always have the belief that you can succeed.你得一直保持能够成 功的信念。 【联想】believe v.相信；信仰 I don't believe what he said.我不相信他说的话。 5.weak adj. 虚弱的；无力的；(能力)弱的；微弱的 She is too weak to get up.她太虚弱了，起不了床。 Do you hear a weak voice?你有没有听到微弱的声音? 【联想】weakness n.虚弱；弱点 The plan has strengths and weaknesses.这个计划既有优点也有缺点。 24 6.face v.面临，必须对付(某情况) My sister has faced with a difficult decision.我姐姐眼前有一项艰难的决定。 【提示】face 作为动词，还可以表示“面对；面向；正对；承认”等意思。 如：My bedrofaces south.我的卧室朝南。 It's not always easy to face the truth.承认事实并不总是一件容易的事。 25 7.difficulty n.困 难 We finished the job with great difficulty.我们非常艰难地完成了工作。 【提示】difficulty可以作可数名词用，表示具体的“难处、困境、问题”,也可以 作不可数名词，表示“难度、阻碍、麻烦”等。 如： People learning a new language often face some difficulties at first.人们学习 一门新语言之初常常会遇到一些困难。 【联想】difficult adj. 困难的 26 8. follow v.追随；拥护；仿效 有类似用法的短语还有：follow one's step(追随某人的步伐),follow the example(学习榜样);follow the crowd(随大流)。 【提示】follow 作为动词还有其他有多种含义。 如： A dog followed us home一条狗跟着我们回了家。(跟随；跟着) Follow the road for two miles,then turn left.沿着这条路走两公里，然后向 左 转。(沿着) Why didn't you follow my advice? 你为什么不听我的劝告?(接受；遵循； 听从) The plot is almost impossible to follow. 故事情节几乎叫人看不懂。 (明白； 理解) 常见词组有as follows(如下)。 27 9.run v. 经营；管理 He is running a fast food restaurant now.他现在经营一家快餐店。 【提示】run 作动词还有其他有多种含义，如： I can run 1.5 km in five minutes.我可以在5分钟里跑1.5公里。(奔跑；跑步) The film runs for two hours.这电影时长两个小时。(持续；使……持续) Jane ran her finger along the page.简的手指划过页面。(使……移动) Stay away frthe machine when it is running. 当机器在运转时离它远点。 (运转；使……运作) 28 10.honest adj.坦率的；诚实的 He was an honest man.他是个诚实的人。(注意honest之前用an,不用a) 【提示】to be honest(=what I really think is) 是口语化的常用短语，意思是 “坦白说；说实话”。 honest意为“坦率；坦诚”时，近义词为 frank; 意为“诚实”时，反义词为 dishonest。 honest的名词为 honesty(坦率；诚实)。 29 11.alive adj. 继续存在的；活着的 Ancient traditions are very much alive in this area.古老的传统在这个地区依 然活跃。 【提示】alive 意为“活着”时，反义词是dead 。alive 在句中作宾语补足语，进一 步说明了宾语Chinese tradition的状态或性质。另外，alive多用作表 语或后置定语， 不能放在名词前面。 12.funny adj.滑稽的；好笑的 Jessie often tells funny jokes.杰西经常讲好笑的笑话。 【提示】funny 还可以表示“奇怪的；古怪的”。 The washing machine is making a funny noise again.洗衣机又发出奇怪的声 响了。 30 13.disappointment n.失 望 To my great disappointment, he decided to leave.让我大失所望的是，他决定 离开。 The party was a huge disappointment at last.聚会最终令人大失所望。 【联想】disappointed adj.感到失望的 be disappointed with 对(某人)失望 Mike's parents were very disappointed with him.麦克的父母对他非常失望。 【联想】disappointing adj.令人失望的 We hoped to win,but the result was quite disappointing.我们想赢，但是结果 令人失望。 【联想】disappoint v.使失望 They don't want to disappoint the fans.他们不想让粉丝们失望。 31 14.ring(rang,rung) v. 回响 My head is still ringing frthe sound of the music.乐声仍然在我脑中回响。 【提示】动词 ring 还有“给……打电话；(使)发出钟声；响起铃声”的意思。 I ring home once a week to tell my parents I'm okay.我每周往家打一次电话向 父母报平安。 Someone was ringing the doorbell.有人在按门铃。 ring也可用作名词，有多 种含义。 32 如： The children sat in a ring around the teacher.孩子们围着老师坐成一圈。 (圆圈、环状物) I'll give you a ring tomorrow.我明天给你打电话。 (一通电话) There was a ring at the door.门铃响了。(铃声；钟声) Mary is wearing a wedding ring. 玛丽戴着结婚戒指。(戒指) 33 15. through prep. 凭借；通过 Through his hard work,Thompson was able to make his dream come true. 通过不懈努力，汤普森最终让梦想成真。 【提示】此处，through是一个介词，表示“途径；方法”。 through 作介词， 还有其他含义和用法。 如： They walked slowly through the forest.他们缓步穿过森林。(通过；穿越) It rained all through J une.整个六月都在下雨。(自始至终；从头到尾) 34 16.crowd n.观众；人群 There were crowds of shoppers in the street.街上挤满了购物的人群。 【提示】当crowd 表示“一群人”时，它是集合名词，看作单数，作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。名词crowd 常 跟of一起使用。 A crowd of about 15,000 attended the concert.大约有15000人出席了音乐会。 crowd也可以作动词，意思是“挤；挤满”。 Hundreds of people crowded into the shopping mall.成百上千的人涌入购物中心。 【联想】crowded adj.人(太)多的；拥挤的 As New Year gets closer,the shops get more and more crowded.随着新年的 临近，商店的人越来越多。 crowded常与介词with 搭配，be crowded with相当于be full of。 In summer,the place is crowded with surfers.夏季，这地方满是冲浪者。 35 1.duty n.职责；任务 •Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.你的职责将包括建立 一个新的计算机系统。 •It is my duty to report it to the police.把这事报告给警方是我的责任。 【拓展】上班；值班 •on / off duty 上/下班 税；关税 •customs/excise/import duties 关税；消费税；进口税 36 2.guidance v.~ (on sth)指导；引导；咨询 •Activities all take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor.所有活动都在 经验丰富的导师指导下进行。 【拓展】n.guide指南；向导；入门书 guideline指导方针 guidebook旅行指南； 指导手册 under the guidance of在…的指引下 37 3.practical ①实际的；真实的；客观存在的 •practical problems实际问题 •From a practical point of view, it isn't a good place to live.实际一点看，这里不 是理想的住处。 ②切实可行的 (同义) workable (反义) impractical •It wouldn't be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend.我们跑那 么远只为了去度个周末实在很不切实际。 38 4.service ①服务；公共事业 •the ambulance/bus/telephone, etc. service 救护车、公车、电话等服务系统 •The government aims to improve public services , especially education.政府致力 于改善公共服务事业，尤其是教育。 【拓展】serve v.给某人提供服务；服务 serve sb. 为...服务 •They served a wonderful meal to more than fifty delegates.他们招待五十多位代 表吃了一餐美味佳肴。 •We need to have the car serviced.我们得把车送去检修一下了。 39 5.engineer ①n.工程师；设计师 •They're sending an engineer to fix the phone.他们要派一名技师来安装电话。 ②v.设计制造 •The car is beautifully engineered and a pleasure to drive.这辆汽车设计完美，工 艺精良，开起来过瘾。 6.entertain v.使娱乐；招待 The magician entertained the children with his tricks. 【拓展】 entertain guests (招待客人), entertain an idea (考虑一个想法) entertainment n.娱乐活动 40 7. audience n.观众；听众 The audience applauded after the performance. 【拓展】audience 是个集合名词。当其作主语且视为一个整体时，谓语动词用单 数影视；当其视为一组个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。 •an audience of 10 0001万名观众 •The debate was televised in front of a live audience .这场辩论当着现场观众的面进 行电视转播。 41 8. set set a goal 设定目标 a set of rules 一套规则 set in 开始发生 set out 出发 9.Arrive arrive (at/in/on)到达；抵达 •I'll wait until they arrive.我会一直等到他们来。 42 10.above与 over ①Above 通常指在某物的上方，但不一定直接在其正上方。可以用于描述相对高 度，强调的是位置关系。 The picture is above the sofa.(画在沙发上方。) ②Over 通常表示在某物的正上方，且可能有覆盖的含义。也可以表示跨越或超过 某个范围。 The plane flew over the city.(飞机飞过城市上空。) 11.pride ~ (in sth/in doing sth) 自豪；骄傲；得意感 •The sight of her son graduating filled her with pride.看到儿子毕业她充满了自豪。 43 44 $$