课时作业17 完形填空（word练习）-【名师大课堂】2025年新高考英语艺术生总复习必备训练册

课时作业(十七) 　 完形填空 Cloze 1 (2024·河北省衡水市5月模拟联考)A man took a little too long to complete his PhD.While a majority of PhD programmes are __1__ to be finished in five or six years，a 76­year­old student who studied for a PhD in 1970 completed it after 50 years. Dr.Nick Axten received a scholarship for a PhD in mathematical sociology in 1970 at the University of Pittsburgh.__2__，he returned to the UK after 5 years with an unfinished PhD. Dr.Axten __3__ his studies again in 2016 when he was aged 69 studying an MA in Philosophy at the University of Bristol.He then studied for a PhD in Philosophy at the same university and __4__ in 202，aged 75.This year，he __5__ his doctorate in front of his wife and 11­year­old granddaughter. “What I was trying to do in the early 70s was extremely __6__，”said Dr.Axten.“Some problems are so __7__ that it takes the best part of a lifetime to get your head around them.This one has taken me 50 years，which is simply __8__．” Dr.Axten's research is a new theory for understanding human __9__ based on the values each person holds.Dr.Axten says it can __10__ our view of behavioural psychology. “I have loved being a __11__ again at the University of Bristol.All of the other philosophy graduate students were around 3 but they __12__ me as one of their own，”said Dr.Axten.The 76­year­old considered his classmates as __13__ and expressed that he loved spending time talking to them. “Nick was a(n) __14__ energetic and hardworking student，”said his professor.“It's great to see him graduate half a __15__ after he started his original PhD.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位 76 岁的老翁经历中途休学，50 年后获得博士学位，求学之路使他实现了梦想的自强不息的故事。 1. A．applied B．designed C．hosted D．created B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然大多数博士课程都是在五到六年内完成的，但1970年攻读博士学位的一名76岁的学生却在50年后完成了学业。A.applied应用，申请；B.designed设计；C.hosted主办；D.created创造。根据常识和上文中的“a majority of PhD programmes”可知，大多数博士项目都被“设计”在 5年或6 年内完成，be designed意为“被设计”符合题意。故选B项。 2. A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Besides D．However D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，5年后，他带着未完成的博士学位回到了英国。A.Otherwise否则，要不然；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根据上文中的“A man took a little too long to complete his PhD.”可知，Nick Axten 博士于 1970 年获得匹慈堡大学数学社会学博士学位奖学金，结合下文中的“he returned to the UK after 5 years with an unfinished PhD.”可知，5 年后，他带着未完成的博士学位回到英国，由此可知，这是出乎意料的，表示一种转折。故选D项。 3. A．took up B．made up C．put up D．broke up A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：2016年，69岁的Axten博士再次开始了他的学业，在布里斯托尔大学(University of Bristol)攻读哲学硕士学位。A.took up继续，从事，占据；B.made up构成，弥补；C.put up搭建，举起，张贴；D.broke up解散。根据下文中的“his studies again in 2016 when he was aged 69”可知，在他带着未完成的博士学位回到英国后，2016 年又“继续”学习，符合语境。故选A项。 4. A．returned B．dropped C．finished D．died C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，他在同一所大学攻读哲学博士学位，并于202年完成学业，享年75岁。A.returned归还；B.dropped掉落；C.finished完成；D.died死亡。根据上文中的“a 76­year­old student who studied for a PhD in 1970 completed it after 50 years.”可知，一名76岁的学生却在50年后完成了学业，结合下文中的“in 202，aged 75.”可知，他应该是在202 年也就是 75 岁这年“完成”学业。故选C项。 5. A．wanted B．mentioned C．discovered D．obtained D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，他在妻子和11岁孙女的见证下获得了博士学位。A.wanted想要；B.mentioned提及；C.discovered发现；D.obtained获得。根据上文中的“a 76­year­old student who studied for a PhD in 1970 completed it after 50 years.”可知，一名76岁的学生却在50年后完成了学业，由此可知，此处指的是他在妻子和11岁孙女的见证下“获得”博士学位，符合语境。故选D项。 6. A．wrong B．tough C．funny D．strange B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我在70年代初试图做的事情非常困难，”艾克斯顿博士说。A.wrong错误的；B.tough艰难的；C.funny滑稽的；D.strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据下文中的“Some problems are so __7__ that it takes the best part of a lifetime to get your head around them.”可知，出现一些很大问题，由此可知，在70 年代早期 Nick 所做的一切都极其“艰难”符合语境。故选B项。 7. A．great B．minor C．clear D．urgent A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些问题是如此之大，以至于你需要花上一生中最好的时间来解决它们。A.great巨大的，伟大的；B.minor少数的；C.clear晴朗的；D.urgent紧急的。根据下文中的“that it takes the best part of a lifetime to get your head around them.”可知，有些事情花费一生中最好的时光去理解它们，由此可知，这些问题应该是“巨大的”符合语境。故选A项。 8. A．available B．satisfactory C．unimaginable D．embarrassing C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这件事情花了我50年的时间，简直难以想象。A.available可得到的；B.satisfactory令人满意的；C.unimaginable难以想象的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据上文中的“This one has taken me 50 years”可知，这件事情花费了他50年的事情，由此可推断，这是“难以想象的”符合语境。故选C项。 9. A．mind B．personality C．speech D．behaviour D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：Axten博士的研究是一种基于每个人持有的价值观来理解人类行为的新理论。A.mind思想；B.personality性格；C.speech演讲；D.behaviour行为。根据下文中的“our view of behavioural psychology.”可知，他研究的是人类“行为”心理论。故选D项。 10. A．change B．appreciate C．control D．follow A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Axten博士说，它可以改变我们对行为心理学的看法。A.change改变；B.appreciate感激，欣赏；C.control控制；D.follow跟随。根据上文中的“Dr.Axten's research is a new theory for understanding human __9__ based on the values each person holds.”可知，既然是基于每个人的价值观来理解人类行为的新理论，由此可推知，这种理论能够“改变”我们对行为心理学的看法。故选A项。 11. A．teacher B．student C．doctor D．leader B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢再次成为布里斯托尔大学的学生。A.teacher教师；B.student学生；C.doctor医生；D.leader领导人。根据下文中的“All of the other philosophy graduate students were around 3”可知，其他的学生都是大约3岁，由此可推断，此处指的是他很高兴自己再次成为一名布里斯托尔大学的“学生”符合语境。故选B项。 12. A．held B．pushed C．chose D．accepted D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他所有的哲学研究生都在3岁左右，但他们接受了我，把我当作他们的一员。A.held举行；B.pushed推；C.chose选择；D.accepted接受。根据上文中的“All of the other philosophy graduate students were around 3”可知，其他的学生都大约在3岁，结合but以及下文中的“me as one of their own”可知，此处指的是这些学生都能“接受”Axten博士成为他们中的一员。故选D项。 13. A．small B．foolish C．clever D．rude C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位76岁的老人认为他的同学都很聪明，并表示他喜欢花时间和他们交谈。A.small小的；B.foolish傻的；C.clever聪明的；D.rude粗鲁的。根据下文中的“and expressed that he loved spending time talking to them.”可知，Axten博士表示他很喜欢花时间同他们聊天，由此可推断，此处指的是这些同学都很“聪明”符合语境。故选C项。 14. A．incredibly B．traditionally C．hardly D．gradually A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的教授说：“尼克是一个精力充沛、学习刻苦的学生。”A.incredibly难以置信地；B.traditionally传统的；C.hardly几乎不；D.gradually逐渐地。根据语境和上文中的“Dr.Axten __3__ his studies again in 2016 when he was aged 69”可知，Axten 博士 2016 年再次上学已经 69 岁，结合下文中的“energetic and hardworking student”可知，Axten博士的教授认为，在69岁的时候上学能够精力充沛且努力工作，这是太难以置信了。故选A项。 15. A．fortnight B．century C．billion D．decade B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他在开始读博半个世纪后毕业，真是太好了。A.fortnight两个星期；B.century世纪；C.billion十亿；D.decade十年。根据上文中的“a 76­year­old student who studied for a PhD in 1970 completed it after 50 years.”可知，一名76岁的学生却在50年后完成了学业，由此可知，此处指的是半个“世纪”。故选B项。 Cloze 2 (2024·山东省高三二模)When the three women spotted an abandoned property in Providence，USA，they agreed this polluted parcel of land held __1__．It was where their dream of a(an) __2__ farm came true. Holland and her cofounders，Doggett and Purviance，__3__ the 2.7­acre property，cleaned up the pollution and created an inner­city oasis (绿洲)．Its name? What Cheer Flower Farm.Its __4__？ To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need. “We offer products to people who __5__ flowers but don't have access，”explains Doggett.“Flowers are a __6__ symbol，not just for the selected few who can afford them.Receiving flowers energizes everyone.” Although the three got off to a __7__ start­planting started in May，not as usual，they worked around the clock and __8__ to donate roughly 10，000 flowers in their first growing season.“We want to __9__ the state with flowers and we are very __10__ to make it work，”Purviance says.Now the farm regularly brings __11__ to people at local hospitals，senior centers and more.Purviance vividly remembers the first flowers she __12__ to a home­bound elderly woman.“Her face just __13__．It was as if a flash of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.”Another young woman，who was just broke，thanked Purviance afterwards.“In the __14__ time of my life，even one flower lifts me up.” And that，is the true __15__ of a flower. 【语篇解读】　本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了在美国Providence，三个女人发现了一块被遗忘的污染土地，她们决定将其变成一个梦想中的农场，种植花卉，将收获的花朵全部捐赠给有需要的人，展现了花朵的力量。 1. A．courage B．discovery C．promise D．comfort C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这三个女人在美国普罗维登斯发现了一块被遗弃的土地时，她们同意这块被污染的土地是有希望的。A.courage勇气；B.discovery发现；C.promise希望，成功的迹象；D.comfort安慰。根据下文“It was where their dream of a(n) __2__ farm came true.”可知，三个女人发现了一块废弃的土地，那是她们梦想开始的地方，所以，她们都认为这片土地是能带来希望的。故选C项。 2. A．friend B．individual C．health D．flower D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们梦想的花场就是在那里实现的。A.friend朋友；B.individual个人；C.health健康；D.flower花朵。根据下文“What Cheer Flower Farm.”可知，她们想要将这片被污染的土地变成花场。故选D项。 3. A．purchased B．protected C．provided D．measured A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Holland和她的联合创始人Doggett和Purviance买下了这片2.7英亩的土地，清理了污染，创造了一个市中心的绿洲。A.purchased购买；B.protected保护；C.provided提供；D.measured测量。根据下文“the 2.7­acre property，cleaned up the pollution and created an inner­city oasis”可知，三个女人买下了这块地，开始工作。故选A项。 4. A．procedure B．advice C．mission D．method C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的使命？A.procedure手续，步骤；B.advice建议；C.mission使命；D.method方法。根据下文“To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need.(把她们种的所有花都送给有需要的人)”可知，这里说明了她们用这块地种花的使命。故选C项。 5. A．deserve B．study C．observe D．tend A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Doggett解释说：“我们向那些值得获得花朵却没有机会的人提供产品。”A.deserve值得；B.study学习，研究；C.observe观察；D.tend倾向，照顾。根据“who __5__ flowers but don't have access”可知，who引导定语从句，表示这些花朵是给没有机会获得花，但是值得获得花朵的人的。故选A项。 6. A．traditional B．creative C．universal D．unique C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲜花是一种普遍的象征，不仅仅是给少数能买得起花的人准备的。A.traditional传统的；B.creative有创意的；C.universal普遍的；D.unique独一无二的。根据下文“not just for the selected few who can afford them”可知，花朵是普遍的象征，不只是给能买得起花的人提供的。故选C项。 7. A．late B．simple C．fine D．busy A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这三个人不像往常一样，在5月份开始种植的时间较晚，但她们夜以继日地工作，在第一个生长季节里捐出了大约1万朵花。A.late晚的；B.simple简单的；C.fine美好的；D.busy忙碌的。根据下文“in May，not as usual，they worked around the clock”并结合常识可知，五月种花有些晚，所以她们努力工作。故选A项。 8. A．continued B．happened C．managed D．hesitated C　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.continued继续；B.happened发生；C.managed(设法)完成；D.hesitated犹豫。根据下文“to donate roughly 10，000 flowers in their first growing season”和“to make it work”可知，她们成功地捐出了1万朵花。manage to do意思为：设法成功做。故选C项。 9. A．compare B．help C．combine D．blanket D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Purviance说：“我们想用鲜花覆盖整个州，我们决心让它成功。”A.compare比较；B.help帮助；C.combine使结合，组合；D.blanket以厚层覆盖。根据下文“the state with flowers”可知，她们想要将花朵覆盖到整个洲。故选D项。 10. A．nervous B．determined C．lucky D．surprised B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.nervous紧张的；B.determined有决心的；C.lucky幸运的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文“to make it work”可知，她们对于自己的计划是有决心的。故选B项。 11. A．trust B．joy C．pride D．honor B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个农场定期给当地医院、老年中心等地的人们带来欢乐。A.trust信任；B.joy欢乐；C.pride骄傲；D.honor荣耀。根据上文“to donate roughly 10，000 flowers in their first growing season”可知，她们捐赠花朵，给人们带来欢乐。故选B项。 12. A．sold B．delivered C．returned D．showed B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Purviance清楚地记得她第一次送花给一位居家的老妇人。A.sold卖；B.delivered传递，递送；C.returned还，返回；D.showed展示。根据上文“To give away all the flowers they grow to people in need.(把她们种的所有花都送给有需要的人)”和“Purviance vividly remembers the first flowers she __12__ to a home­bound elderly woman.”可知，此处表示Purviance第一次将花递送给一个老妇人。故选B项。 13. A．reddened B．relaxed C．wrinkled D．brightened D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然面露喜色。A.reddened使变红；B.relaxed使放松；C.wrinkled起皱纹；D.brightened使明亮，面露喜色。根据下文“It was as if a flash of light was coming from the top of Federal Hill.(就好像联邦山顶上有一道闪光)”可知，老妇人收到花很高兴，脸上散发了喜悦的光芒。故选D项。 14. A．significant B．moving C．tough D．usual C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我生命的艰难时刻，即使一朵花也能使我振作。A.significant有意义的；B.moving感人的；C.tough艰难的；D.usual通常的，惯常的。根据下文“even one flower lifts me up”可知，在生命艰难的时刻，即使是一朵花也能让人振作。故选C项。 15. A．moment B．secret C．story D．power D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是一朵花的真正力量。A.moment时刻；B.secret秘密；C.story故事；D.power力量。根据上文讲到三个女人的花朵送给了医院，老人院的人们，给他们带来了欢乐，使人们振作可知，这是花朵带来的力量。故选D项。 Cloze 3 (2024·山东省日照市高三三模)At the Nelson Street Pub in Pembroke，they're prepared for customers who dine and dash.In fact，they __1__ it. On a wall inside the front door are meal __2__ that have been paid for by customers，staff，other businesses or residents.Above them is a __3__ that reads：“If you are hungry and have no money，these meals have been paid for __4__．”All anyone has to do is __5__ the ticket they want and give it to a server.The meal appears — no questions asked，no __6__ cast. I drove to the restaurant on a Friday to check it out.There I met Sharon Gribbons，who lives in Waltham，Que.She had __7__ to put a couple of meals up on the wall，one on behalf of a friend.She planned to __8__ a meal every month.“Everyone needs a hot meal，”she explained. Over the few hours I spent at the restaurant，six people __9__ themselves of the pub's generosity，while customers __10__ eight meals to the pantry (食品贮藏柜)，including the “Fishy and Chippy”meal I put on my own bill. It's __11__ that the service plays an important role：offering free hot meals at a pub where people are __12__，not avoided; where they can interact with others，watch TV or listen to music; and，with luck，forget their __13__ for an hour or so.I hope its success isn't dependent __14__ on that small­town neighborly atmosphere，because this is a __15__ that needs to travel beyond Pembroke — into Ottawa，and elsewhere.Everywhere. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。在彭布罗克的纳尔逊街酒吧里，前门的墙上挂着顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据，这些餐点会免费提供给没有钱吃饭的人们。作者也积极地参与其中，并希望这份善意可以传播到每个地方。 1. A．encourage B．avoid C．reward D．ignore A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们对此是鼓励的。A.encourage鼓励；B.avoid避免；C.reward奖励；D.ignore忽视。根据前文“At the Nelson Street Pub in Pembroke，they're prepared for customers who dine and dash.(在彭布罗克的纳尔逊街酒吧，他们为那些吃完饭就跑的顾客准备好了。)”可知，此处是指他们对此是鼓励的。故选A。 2. A．receipts B．menus C．bills D．tickets A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：前门的墙上挂着顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据。A.receipts收据；B.menus菜单；C.bills账单；D.tickets票据。根据“that have been paid for by customers，staff，other businesses or residents”可知，此处是指顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据。故选A。 3. A．paper B．sign C．letter D．warning B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的上方有一块牌子，上面写着：“如果你饿了，又没钱，这些饭已经提前付了钱。”A.paper纸；B.sign标牌；C.letter字母；D.warning警告。根据“that reads”可知，此处是指上方有一块标牌。故选B。 4. A．on time B．with care C．by accident D．in advance D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：它们的上方有一块牌子，上面写着：“如果你饿了，又没钱，这些饭已经提前付了钱。”A.on time按时；B.with care小心地；C.by accident偶然；D.in advance提前。根据前文“that have been paid for by customers，staff，other businesses or residents”可知，此处是指提前付了钱。故选D。 5. A．pick B．compare C．book D．buy A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何人所要做的就是选择他们想要的票，然后把它交给服务员。A.pick挑选；B.compare比较；C.book预定；D.buy购买。根据“the ticket they want”可知，此处是指挑选他们想要的票。故选A。 6. A．smile B．judgment C．shadow D．vote B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：饭菜端上来了——没有任何问题，没有任何评判。A.smile微笑；B.judgment评判；C.shadow阴影；D.vote投票。根据“no questions asked”可知，此处是指没有任何评判。故选B。 7. A．longed B．remembered C．paid D．struggled C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花钱把两顿饭挂在墙上，其中一顿是她朋友的。A.longed渴望；B.remembered记得；C.paid付钱；D.struggled挣扎。根据“to put a couple of meals up on the wall，one on behalf of a friend”可知，此处是指付钱把两顿饭挂在墙上。故选C。 8. A．save B．consume C．donate D．share C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划每个月捐一顿饭。A.save节省；B.consume消费；C.donate捐赠；D.share分享。根据后文“Everyone needs a hot meal(每个人都需要一顿热饭)”可知，此处是指她计划每个月捐一顿饭。故选C。 9. A．availed B．reminded C．convinced D．relieved A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我待在餐厅的几个小时里，有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顾客们在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭，包括我自己买单的“鱼和脆皮”。A.availed有益于；B.reminded提醒；C.convinced使信服；D.relieved缓解。根据“themselves of the pub's generosity”可知，此处是指有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益。故选A。 10. A．exposed B．added C．applied D．introduced B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我待在餐厅的几个小时里，有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顾客们在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭，包括我自己买单的“鱼和脆皮”。A.exposed使暴露；B.added增加；C.applied申请；D.introduced介绍。根据“eight meals to the pantry (食品贮藏柜)，including the ‘Fishy and Chippy’meal I put on my own bill”可知，此处是指在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭。故选B。 11. A．interesting B．strange C．surprising D．obvious D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.interesting有趣的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprising惊人的；D.obvious明显的。根据“that the service plays an important role”可知，此处是指这是很明显的。故选D。 12. A．appreciated B．welcomed C．attracted D．identified B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.appreciated欣赏；B.welcomed欢迎；C.attracted吸引；D.identified识别。根据“not avoided”可知，此处是指欢迎人们。故选B。 13. A．stories B．existence C．troubles D．dignity C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.stories故事；B.existence存在；C.troubles苦恼；D.dignity尊严。根据“where they can interact with others，watch TV or listen to music; and，with luck，forget their”可知，此处是指忘记自己的烦恼。故选C。 14. A．merely B．ultimately C．barely D．deeply A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不仅仅依靠小镇的睦邻友好气氛，因为这种善意需要传播到彭布罗克以外的地方——到渥太华和其他地方。A.merely仅仅；B.ultimately最终；C.barely几乎不；D.deeply深深地。根据“that needs to travel beyond Pembroke — into Ottawa，and elsewhere”可知，此处是指不仅仅取决于小镇的睦邻友好气氛。故选A。 15. A．service B．routine C．tradition D．kindness D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不仅仅依靠小镇的睦邻友好气氛，因为这种善意需要传播到彭布罗克以外的地方——到渥太华和其他地方。A.service服务；B.routine惯例；C.tradition传统；D.kindness善意。根据前文“offering free hot meals at a pub”可知，此处是指这种善意。故选D。 Cloze 4 I'd been exploring the 40­hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a __1__ when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon，I had a sudden __2__ to hike the hill with my two daughters.Putting on our snowshoes，we immediately __3__ northwestward.While making our way up the hill，my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...These really made their __4__． As the shadows started to __5__，we moved further up.Soon，weariness began to __6__ enthusiasm.We decided to return.Instead of backtracking over our __7__ route，I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill，__8__ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road.But as the terrain (地形) leveled out，I had my first major moment of __9__：Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location，but it __10__ in my hand in the cold air.__11__，I started feeling a bit panicky.However，I quickly __12__ myself，reassuring my daughters to continue walking.Focusing on the landmarks，I spotted a familiar tree and eventually __13__ the road. That winter's day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology.If my phone had __14__ then，I might have directly followed the GPS，ignoring the old __15__ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿们一起探索自己十分熟悉的树林，返回时他选择了一条不同的下山路线，希望能找到一条小溪作为引导，却迷路了，手机也因为寒冷而无法使用，这让作者感到恐慌。在冷静下来后，他依靠对环境的观察找到了回家的路。这次经历让他意识到过度依赖科技可能会忽视传统的生存技能和环境观察能力。 1. A．challenge B．shock C．reward D．reminder B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当我发现自己迷失在那里时，我很震惊。A.challenge挑战；B.shock震惊；C.reward奖励；D.reminder提醒。根据上文“I'd been exploring the 40­hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”可知，作者很熟悉这里的路，因此发现自己迷失在那里时，他会很震惊。故选B。 2. A．discovery B．response C．worry D．urge D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：二月里一个阴冷的下午，我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。A.discovery发现；B.response回应；C.worry担忧；D.urge冲动。根据下文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及接下来叙述的他们的确去爬山了可知，作者是我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。故选D。 3. A．escaped B．drove C．headed D．looked C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿上雪鞋，我们立即向西北方向行进。A.escaped逃脱；B.drove驾驶；C.headed朝(某方向)行进；D.looked看。根据上文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”可知，作者是想和两个女儿一起去爬山，因此是向西北方向行进。故选C。 4. A．reputation B．dream C．day D．way C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些真的让她们很开心。A.reputation声誉；B.dream梦想；C.day日子；D.way方式。根据上文“my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds”可知，作者的女儿偶尔会停下来调查未知的植物，看看被遗弃的鹿床，可推知她们会很开心，固定短语make one's day意为“让某人开心”。故选C。 5. A．lengthen B．swing C．emerge D．fade A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始拉长，我们继续向上移动。A.lengthen延长；B.swing摇摆；C.emerge出现；D.fade褪色。根据上文“As the shadows started to”可推知，影子应该是开始拉长，表明时间在流逝，天色变晚。故选A。 6. A．fuel B．witness C．overlook D．outpace D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲倦开始超过热情。A.fuel(给……)提供燃料；B.witness目击；C.overlook俯瞰；D.outpace超越。根据下文“We decided to return.”可知，他们准备返回，因此是疲倦开始超过热情。故选D。 7. A．original B．rough C．offbeat D．roundabout A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A.original原来的；B.rough粗糙的；C.offbeat另类的；D.roundabout迂回的。根据下文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”可知，作者选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，因此是没有沿着原来的路线折回。故选A。 8. A．appreciating B．trusting C．envisioning D．assessing B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A.appreciating欣赏；B.trusting相信；C.envisioning想象；D.assessing评估。根据上文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”和下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可推知，作者选择一条新的路线是因为相信自己的直觉，认为可以沿着小溪走向大路。故选B。 9. A．curiosity B．comparison C．doubt D．anticipation C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着地势逐渐平坦，我第一次产生了怀疑：小溪在哪里？我们偏离路线了吗？A.curiosity好奇心；B.comparison比较；C.doubt怀疑；D.anticipation期待。根据下文“Where was the stream? Were we off course？”可知，作者有很多问题，对自己产生了怀疑。故选C。 10. A．died B．slipped C．flashed D．rang A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本能地掏出手机想要找到我的位置，但手机在冰冷的空气中死机了。A.died停止运转；B.slipped滑倒；C.flashed闪烁；D.rang响起。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky”可知，作者开始感到有点恐慌，可推知手机没法使用，应该是在冰冷的空气中死机了。故选A。 11. A．Reportedly B．Admittedly C．Seemingly D．Surprisingly B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：无可否认，我开始感到有点恐慌。A.Reportedly据说；B.Admittedly不可否认地；C.Seemingly表面上；D.Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据上文“I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location，but it __10__ in my hand in the cold air.”可知，作者原本想用手机导航，但是手机应该是无法使用，因此不可否认地，作者的确有点恐慌。故选B。 12. A．exposed B．composed C．defended D．behaved B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，我很快镇定下来，安慰女儿们继续走下去。A.exposed暴露；B.composed使镇静；C.defended辩护；D.behaved行为。根据下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知，作者安慰女儿们继续走下去，可推知他应该是让自己镇定下来了，固定短语compose oneself意为“使自己镇定下来”。故选B。 13. A．got off B．laid down C．came across D．made out D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：盯着路标，我发现了一棵熟悉的树，终于辨认出了那条路。A.got off下车；B.laid down躺下；C.came across偶遇；D.made out辨认出。根据上文“I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者发现了一棵熟悉的树，因此可以辨认出回去的那条路。故选D。 14. A．worked B．remained C．changed D．overheated A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A.worked工作；B.remained保持；C.changed改变；D.overheated(使)过热。根据下文“I might have directly followed the GPS”可知，此处是对过去的事实做出相反的假设，指如果那时手机那时还能工作的话，就会直接跟着GPS走。故选A。 15. A．theory B．standard C．practice D．routine C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A.theory理论；B.standard标准；C.practice通常的做法；D.routine例行公事。根据上文“Focusing on the landmarks，I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者是通过盯着路标发现熟悉的树，再结合下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可推知，此处指依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。故选C。 Cloze 5 (2024·辽宁省丹东市高三二模)Gutiérrez's life would never be the same again.He found a (n) __1__ book in the trash while driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods，which stimulated his __2__ to rescue books from the trash.Afterwards，he __3__ his book collection into a community library for children from __4__ families. Because libraries tend to be distant from poorer communities，the __5__ of buying new books is nonexistent for families __6__ to make ends meet.However，Gutiérrez's community library becomes a true representation of how one man's trash can be another's treasure. Today，his community library __7__ most of his home.Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be __8__ in a collection of over 20，000 books！The library is open every weekend，when children are allowed to come in to __9__ the book collection. Apart from school­going children __10__ the benefits of the library，adults are also welcome to __11__ their horizons to build a better life for themselves.Despite his great contributions to community，Gutiérrez is not yet __12__ with this result.He continues to search through __13__ for reading material and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico to share his experiences in building a library from unwanted books. Gutiérrez's journey to give back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can __14__ improve the lives of those around us by __15__ needs investing time and finding a simple solution. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述的是古铁雷斯通过从垃圾里收集旧书办成了图书馆，从而让许多贫穷家庭的孩子们能够阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。 1. A．abandoned B．purchased C．adopted D．borrowed A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他开着垃圾车穿过富裕的社区时，他在垃圾桶里发现了一本被遗弃的书，这激发了他从垃圾桶里拯救书籍的愿望。A.abandoned抛弃；B.purchased购买；C.adopted收养；D.borrowed借。根据下文“in the trash”可知，书是被遗弃的书。故选A项。 2. A．curiosity B．investment C．desire D．creativity C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他开着垃圾车穿过富裕的社区时，他在垃圾桶里发现了一本被遗弃的书，这激发了他从垃圾桶里拯救书籍的愿望。A.curiosity好奇；B.investment投资；C.desire愿望；D.creativity创造力。根据下文“rescue books from the trash”可知，激发了他从垃圾桶里拯救书籍的愿望。故选C项。 3. A．put B．turned C．introduced D．shaped B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆，供低收入家庭的孩子们使用。A.put放置；B.turned转向，变成；C.introduced介绍；D.shaped形成。根据下文“However，Gutiérrez's community library becomes a true representation of how one man's trash can be another's treasure.”可知，藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。故选B项。 4. A．fine­manner B．single­parent C．low­income D．high­stress C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆，供低收入家庭的孩子们使用。A.fine­manner举止优雅的；B.single­parent单亲父母的；C.low­income低收入的；D.high­stress高压力的。根据下文“poorer communities”可知，书是供低收入家庭的孩子们阅读的。故选C项。 5. A．duty B．tradition C．value D．option D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于图书馆往往远离较贫穷的社区，对于那些努力维持生计的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是不存在的。A.duty职责；B.tradition传统；C.value价值；D.option选择。根据下文“buying new books”可知，贫穷的人购买新书的选择是不可能的。故选D项。 6. A．asking B．struggling C．managing D．preparing B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于图书馆往往远离较贫穷的社区，对于那些努力维持生计的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是不存在的。A.asking问；B.struggling奋斗；C.managing管理；D.preparing准备。根据上文“poorer communities”可知，低收入家庭努力维持生计。故选B项。 7. A．occupies B．influences C．enlarges D．represents A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，他的社区图书馆占据了他家的大部分空间。从教科书到故事书的所有内容都可以在20，000多本书中找到！A.occupies占据；B.influences影响；C.enlarges扩大；D.represents代表。根据下文“Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be __8__ in a collection of over 20，000 books！”可知，书很多，社区图书馆占据了他家的大部分空间。故选A项。 8. A．found B．displayed C．bought D．admired A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，他的社区图书馆占据了他家的大部分空间。从教科书到故事书的所有内容都可以在20，000多本书中找到！A.found发现；B.displayed展示；C.bought买；D.admired羡慕。书籍众多，所以有些内容的书是能找到的。故选A项。 9. A．pick up B．sort out C．search for D．look through D　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：图书馆每周末开放，孩子们可以进来翻阅藏书。A.pick up收听；B.sort out分类；C.search for搜寻；D.look through浏览，翻阅。根据上文“The library is open every weekend”可知，孩子们可以来翻阅书籍。故选D项。 10. A．wanting B．discovering C．harvesting D．understanding C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了学龄儿童可以从图书馆获益外，成人也欢迎借此拓展视野，为自己创造更美好的生活。A.wanting想要；B.discovering发现；C.harvesting丰收，获得；D.understanding理解。根据下文“the benefits of the library”可知，孩子们从图书获得益处。故选C项。 11. A．expect B．explore C．expose D．expand D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了学龄儿童可以从图书馆获益外，成人也欢迎借此拓展视野，为自己创造更美好生活。A.expect期望；B.explore探索；C.expose 暴露；D.expand扩展。根据前文“adults are also welcome to”和常识可知，成年人也可以来图书馆借助书籍扩展视野。故选D项。 12. A．familiar B．content C．consistent D．angry B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他对社区做出了巨大的贡献，古铁雷斯仍然不满足于这个结果。A.familiar熟悉的；B.content满意的；C.consistent一致的；D.angry生气的。根据下文“He continues to search through __13__ for reading material and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico to share his experiences in building a library from unwanted books.”可知，古铁雷斯仍然不满足于这个结果。故选B项。 13. A．stores B．garbage C．families D．baggage B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他继续在垃圾中寻找阅读材料，甚至前往墨西哥的书展，分享他用废弃书籍建造图书馆的经验。A.stores商店；B.garbage垃圾；C.families家庭；D.baggage行李。根据上文“driving his garbage truck”可知，书来源于被抛弃的书籍，他对结果不满意，所以继续在垃圾中寻找阅读材料。故选B项。 14. A．simply B．frequently C．effectively D．rarely C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：古铁雷斯回馈当地社区的旅程是一个惊人的例子，说明我们每个人都可以通过识别需求、投入时间和找到一个简单的解决方案来有效地改善我们周围人的生活。A.simply简单地；B.frequently频繁地；C.effectively有效率地；D.rarely稀少地。根据下文“improve the lives of those around us”可知，找到一个简单的解决方案来有效地改善我们周围人的生活。故选C项。 15. A．identifying B．satisfying C．improving D．supporting A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：古铁雷斯回馈当地社区的旅程是一个惊人的例子，说明我们每个人都可以通过识别需求、投入时间和找到一个简单的解决方案来有效地改善我们周围人的生活。A.identifying确定，识别；B.satisfying使满意；C.improving提高；D.supporting支持。根据上文“Gutiérrez's journey to give back to his local community is an amazing example”可知，古铁雷斯识别了贫困家庭对于书籍的需求，所以这说明了我们每个人都可以通过识别别人的需求。故选A项。 Cloze 6 (2024·福建省厦门市高三三模)As a writer，I miss rejection slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre­printed slips of paper，but at least when I got one，I was pretty sure that a flesh­and­blood __1__ had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom，__2__ the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall's wrote，“I'm afraid I have to say no on this __3__ piece，but try me again on another，would you？”It was almost as __4__ to me as if she had said，“We'll __5__ it and here is an advance for you”． Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.Most editors don't feel it a must to __6__ they have received，read，or considered your work because they receive so many __7__ each day. For me，there are three __8__ of rejection slip pain.The first is __9__ brought on by finding a flat “no”on a __10__ piece of paper，then followed by anger (how could they __11__ a piece that is obviously so much __12__ than most of the stuff they print)，and，finally，rebirth：I will live to __13__ a new piece another day. Learning to __14__ rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received，my folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips”is far __15__ than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”，which indicates to me the fact：I still have some growing up to do. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名作家，对于自己的投稿被拒绝的一些感悟。 1. A．writer B．reader C．mailman D．editor D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：并不是说我喜欢收到那些预先打印好的纸条，但至少当我收到一张纸条时，我很确定是一个有血有肉的编辑放在信封里的。A.writer作家；B.reader读者；C.mailman邮递员；D.editor编辑。根据下文“When an editor at McCall's wrote”可知，此处指的是编辑。故选D。 2. A．demanding B．indicating C．suspecting D．arguing B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是有可能在底部看到一个手写的句子，表明这篇文章几乎成功了。A.demanding要求；B.indicating表明；C.suspecting怀疑；D.arguing争论。根据“I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom”可知，编辑留下的句子表明这篇文章几乎快要成功了。故选B。 3. A．boring B．novel C．lengthy D．particular D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McCall的一位编辑写道：“恐怕我不得不拒绝这篇特殊的文章，但请再试一试另一篇，好吗？”A.boring无聊的；B.novel新颖的；C.lengthy冗长的；D.particular特殊的。根据“but try me again on another，would you？”可知，这是对于拒绝投稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别，但是不得不拒绝。故选D。 4. A．thrilling B．upsetting C．embarrassing D．amusing A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这几乎让我感到激动，就好像她在说：“我们将要买它，这是给你的预付款。”A.thrilling令人激动的；B.upsetting令人苦恼的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.amusing引人发笑的。根据后文描述可知，因为提前支付预付款，所以激动。故选A。 5. A．buy B．reject C．check D．substitute A　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.buy买；B.reject拒绝接受；C.check检查，查看；D.substitute代替。根据“here is an advance for you”可知，此处表示将要购买。故选A。 6. A．prove B．determine C．explain D．acknowledge D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数编辑并不觉得必须承认他们已经收到、阅读或考虑过你的作品，因为他们每天都会收到如此多的投稿。A.prove证明；B.determine决定；C.explain解释；D.acknowledge承认。根据“Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.”可知，如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿单似乎已经消失了，大多数编辑并不觉得必须承认他们已经收到、阅读或考虑过你的作品。故选D。 7. A．proposals B．drafts C．contributions D．instructions C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.proposals提议；B.drafts草稿；C.contributions投稿；D.instructions指导。根据“Most editors don't feel it a must to __6__ they have received，read，or considered your work”可知，此处对应的是work，指的是每天收到很多投稿作品。故选C。 8. A．meanings B．stages C．wonders D．rewards B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，被拒绝的痛苦有三个阶段。A.meanings意义；B.stages阶段；C.wonders奇迹；D.rewards奖励。根据“The first”，“then”和“finally”可知，此处指被拒绝后的痛苦有三个阶段。故选B。 9. A．relief B．frustration C．anger D．hesitation B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先是在一张毫无特色的纸上发现一个“不”字所带来的挫败感，然后是愤怒(他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品)，最后是重生：我将在另一天提交一份新作品。A.relief宽慰；B.frustration受挫；C.anger生气；D.hesitation犹豫。根据“by finding a flat ‘no’”可知，发现被拒绝首先应该感受到的是挫败感。故选B。 10. A．valueless B．expensive C．characterless D．shiny C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.valueless没有价值的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.characterless无个性的；D.shiny发光的。根据“because they receive so many __7__ each day.”可知，编辑拒绝投稿的纸条应该是没有个性的，千篇一律的。故选C。 11. A．make up B．put away C．turn down D．insist on C　考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.make up组成，编造；B.put away把……收起来；C.turn down拒绝；D.insist on坚持。根据“then followed by anger”可知，此处表示他们怎么能拒绝一份明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多的作品。故选C。 12. A．easier B．better C．shorter D．longer B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.easier更容易的；B.better更好的；C.shorter更短的；D.longer更长的。根据“than most of the stuff they print”可知，作者认为自己的投稿明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多。故选B。 13. A．print B．revise C．download D．submit D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.print打印；B.revise修改；C.download下载；D.submit提交。根据“a new piece another day”可知，此处表示重新提交一份新的作品。故选D。 14. A．accept B．criticize C．judge D．evaluate A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：学会接受拒绝似乎是作家成长的一部分。A.accept接受；B.criticize批评；C.judge评判；D.evaluate评估。根据“seems like part of growing up as a writer”可知，作者认为学会接受拒绝是作为作家成长的一部分。故选A。 15. A．thinner B．fatter C．older D．newer B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我收到了很多录取通知书，但我的“值得注意的拒绝通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录取通知书”文件夹要厚得多，这告诉我一个事实：我还有很长的路要走。A.thinner更瘦的；B.fatter更厚的；C.older更老的；D.newer更新的。根据“which indicates to me the fact：I still have some growing up to do.”可知，作者“值得注意的拒绝通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录取通知书”文件夹要厚得多。故选B。 Cloze 7 As a child，I think we all admire the idea that there are people in this world who can __1__ the impossible things — do things that __2__ people cannot.Fictional (虚构的) superheroes are usually __3__ as the people having extraordinary or superhuman power and are devoted to __4__ the public.But there are real­life heroes __5__ there.They don't have fascinating power that we can only dream of.I am talking about unsung heroes (无名英雄) in our __6__：the cashiers at our __7__ grocery stores，mechanics who fix our cars，people who cook the food in our local restaurants，those working in the front line of non­profit organizations，and the __8__ goes on. I try to express my __9__ every day to the people who make our lives __10__，even when we don't realize it.Just everyone in your community is __11__ an unsung hero to someone in their lives. Life is a __12__ at times and each of us has a story to tell.Someone else is thankful for less than what you have.An unsung hero of mine who __13__ my day was a lady in the line behind me at the grocery store who said，“It doesn't matter if the glass is full or empty; Just be __14__ that you have a glass.”Having a __15__ attitude means showing gratitude towards the people in your life. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文讲述了无名英雄的重要性，他们虽然没有超能力，但在日常生活中默默付出。作者呼吁人们每天向这些无名英雄表达感激，因为每个人都可能是别人生活中的无名英雄。 1. A．accomplish B．acquire C．overcome D．occupy A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，我想我们都很钦佩这个世界上有人能完成不可能的事情——做普通人做不到的事情。A.accomplish完成；B.acquire获得；C.overcome克服；D.occupy占据。根据上文“I think we all admire the idea that there are people in this world who can”和下文“the impossible things”可知，英雄能够完成常人所不能完成的事情。故选A项。 2. A．wealthy B．unusual C．ordinary D．educated C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，我想我们都很钦佩这个世界上有人能完成不可能的事情——做普通人做不到的事情。A.wealthy富有的；B.unusual不同寻常的；C.ordinary普通的；D.educated受过教育的。根据下文“people cannot”可知，普通人所无法做到的，超级英雄的能力形成对比。故选C项。 3. A．used B．described C．designed D．supposed B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：小说中的超级英雄通常被描述为拥有非凡或超人的力量，并致力于保护公众的人。A.used使用；B.described描述；C.designed设计；D.supposed应该，被认为。根据空前“Fictional (虚构的) superheroes”以及下文“as the people having extraordinary or superhuman power”可知，小说中的超级英雄通常被描述为拥有非凡或超人的力量。故选B项。 4. A．entertaining B．astonishing C．leading D．protecting D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：小说中的超级英雄通常被描述为拥有非凡或超人的力量，并致力于保护公众的人。A.entertaining使有兴趣，娱乐；B.astonishing使惊讶；C.leading领导；D.protecting保护。根据下文“the public”可知，超级英雄维护正义和保护民众。故选D项。 5. A．staying B．fighting C．working D．existing D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在现实生活中也有这样的英雄存在。A.staying停留；B.fighting战斗；C.working工作；D.existing存在。根据上文“But there are real­life heroes”可知，强调现实中也有类似英雄的人存在。故选D项。 6. A．country B．city C．community D．state C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说的是我们社区里的无名英雄：我们当地杂货店的收银员，给我们修车的机械师，在我们当地餐馆做饭的人，在非营利组织前线工作的人，还有很多。A.country国家；B.city城市；C.community社区；D.state州，状态。根据下文“the cashiers at our __7__ grocery stores”以及下文“ Just everyone in your community is __11__ an unsung hero to someone in their lives.”可知，这里指的是我们生活中的社区，符合无名英雄存在的背景。故选C项。 7. A．local B．co­operative C．nationwide D．countryside A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说的是我们社区里的无名英雄：我们当地杂货店的收银员，给我们修车的机械师，在我们当地餐馆做饭的人，在非营利组织前线工作的人，还有很多。A.local当地的；B.co­operative合作的；C.nationwide全国范围的；D.countryside乡村。根据下文“the cashiers at our”可知，此处指当地杂货店的收银员，适合描述社区内的商店。故选A项。 8. A．thing B．story C．number D．list D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说的是我们社区里的无名英雄：我们当地杂货店的收银员，给我们修车的机械师，在我们当地餐馆做饭的人，在非营利组织前线工作的人，还有很多。A.thing事情；B.story故事；C.number数字；D.list列表。根据上文“the cashiers at our __7__ grocery stores，mechanics who fix our cars，people who cook the food in our local restaurants，those working in the front line of non­profit organizations，and the”可知，上文列举了社区中的一些无名英雄，此处指名单还可以继续列下去，类似的例子(无名英雄)还有很多，the list goes on是一个固定表达，意为“类似的例子还有很多”符合语境。故选D项。 9. A．gratitude B．emotion C．delight D．praise A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着每天向那些让我们的生活更轻松的人表达我的感激之情，即使我们没有意识到这一点。A.gratitude感激；B.emotion情感；C.delight高兴；D.praise赞扬。根据文章最后一句“showing gratitude towards the people in your life”可知，作者表达对这些无名英雄的感激。故选A项。 10. A．faster B．cheaper C．easier D．worse C　考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我试着每天向那些让我们的生活更轻松的人表达我的感激之情，即使我们没有意识到这一点。A.faster更快；B.cheaper更便宜；C.easier更容易；D.worse更糟。根据上文“mechanics who fix our cars，people who cook the food in our local restaurants，those working in the front line of non­profit organizations”和“I try to express my__9__ every day to the people who make our lives”可知，前文提到的无名英雄对生活的积极影响，此处指那些让我们的生活更轻松的人。故选C项。 11. A．gradually B．probably C．naturally D．slightly B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：你社区中的每个人可能都是他们生活中某个人的无名英雄。A.gradually逐渐地；B.probably可能；C.naturally自然地；D.slightly轻微地。根据下文“an unsung hero to someone in their lives”可知，表明这种可能性广泛存在，每个人可能都是他们生活中某个人的无名英雄。故选B项。 12. A．stage B．struggle C．discussion D．conversation B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活有时是一场斗争，我们每个人都有一个故事要讲。A.stage阶段；B.struggle挣扎，奋斗；C.discussion讨论；D.conversation对话。根据下文“at times and each of us has a story to tell”可知，生活不易，生活有时是一场斗争。故选B项。 13. A．made B．led C．spent D．enriched A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心目中的一位无名英雄让我这一天都很开心，她是杂货店里排在我后面的一位女士，她对我说：“杯子是满的还是空的都不重要；只要感谢你还有杯子就行了。”A.made使得；B.led引导；C.spent花费；D.enriched丰富。根据空前“An unsung hero of mine”以及下文“my day was a lady in the line behind me at the grocery store who said，‘It doesn't matter if the glass is full or empty; Just be __9__ that you have a glass.’”可知，此处作者描述了对自己有着积极影响的人，make one's day是一个习语，“使某人一天非常开心”符合语境。故选A项。 14. A．amazed B．confident C．admirable D．thankful D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心目中的一位无名英雄让我这一天都很开心，她是杂货店里排在我后面的一位女士，她对我说：“杯子是满的还是空的都不重要；只要感谢你还有杯子就行了。”A.amazed惊奇的；B.confident自信的；C.admirable令人钦佩的；D.thankful感激的。根据上文“It doesn't matter if the glass is full or empty”可知，杯子是满的还是空的都不重要；只要感谢你还有杯子就行了，呼应上文提到的感恩态度。故选D项。 15. A．clever B．satisfactory C．positive D．negative C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拥有积极的态度意味着对你生活中的人表现出感激之情。A.clever聪明的；B.satisfactory满意的；C.positive积极的；D.negative消极的。根据上文“Someone else is thankful for less than what you have.”以及“It doesn't matter if the glass is full or empty; Just be __14__ that you have a glass.”可知，此处指拥有积极的人生态度，感恩自己所拥有的，符合上下文的感恩和正面情绪。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$