课时作业11 名词性从句（word练习）-【名师大课堂】2025年新高考英语艺术生总复习必备训练册

课时作业(十一) 　 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·河北省唐山市第一中学期中)When we arrive at __what__ used to be called the City of Fog，we found London had completely changed. 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：当我们到达曾经叫做“雾都”的城市时，我们发现伦敦已经彻底改变了。分析可知空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且代指事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 2．(2024·吉林省长春市东北师大附中高三月考)Liu Xiaoming，Chinese ambassador to Britain，said in a congratulatory letter to the launching ceremony __that__ the carefully­selected books in the “Chinese Bookshelf”will serve as a bridge for cultural exchanges and a window for Western readers to understand China. 解析：考查宾语从句。语篇解读句子结构可知，空格后the carefully­selected books in the “Chinese Bookshelf”will serve as a bridge...为从句，且成分完整，作动词said的宾语，故填that。 3．(2024·天津市第三中学期中)Experts believe __that__ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 解析：考查宾语从句。句意为：专家们相信，人们只有当有必要购物时去买东西，这样才可以少浪费食物。believe后跟宾语从句，且宾语从句句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 4．(2024·山东省烟台市高三期中考试)__What__ we can do is to encourage finding distractions，such as doing their homework or watching a favorite show，to protect them from noticing the increasing virus figures. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们所能做的就是鼓励人们寻找干扰因素，比如做家庭作业或看自己喜欢的节目，以防止他们注意到病毒数量的增加。语篇解读句子，划线后面出现了两个动词can do 和is，所以此处需填引导词。划线处属于名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句部分缺can do 的宾语。所以此处需填连接代词。此处缺“什么”。故填What。 5．(2024·江西省上饶市第一中学高三月考)But __what__ made other teachers worried was the blogaddiction which may disturb the student's study. 解析：空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示物的概念，what符合语境。 6．(2024·福建省泉州市泉港区第一中学高三期中)If you are an experienced traveler wanting to explore China fully，it is recommended __that__ you travel to Dunhuang，Zhangye，Jiayuguan，Turpan，Kashgar and Urumqi to follow the footprint of Marco Polo. 解析：考查主语从句。it作形式主语代替that引导的主语从句。故填that。 7．(2024·北京市丰台区高三检测)Deaf people can learn to understand __what__ someone is saying by looking at the mouth of the speaker. 解析：考查what引导的宾语从句。句意：聋哑人可以通过看说话人的嘴来了解理解别人在说什么。此处是动词understand后面的宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，从句谓语动词say缺少宾语，所填词其双重作用，故答案为what。 8．(2024·江苏省无锡市高三上学期联考)The news spread quickly all over the world __that__ Michael Schumacher came to life after his being seriously injured 5 years ago. 解析：考查同位语从句。句意：迈克尔届舒马赫在5年前受了重伤后苏醒过来的消息很快传遍了全世界。此处名词news后面是that引导的同位语从句，说明该名词的具体内容。 9．(2024·福建省厦门市外国语学校期中)__What__ is even more important is that they do not make their teachers' duties light enough. 解析：考查主语从句。句意：更重要的是，他们没有充分减轻教师的职责。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了主语从句，连接词在从句中充当主语，结合句意可知，使用连接词what符合句意，位于句首首字母注意大写，故填What。 10．(2024·河北省石家庄市高三月考)__What__ makes the written words distinctive is its visual form. 解析：考查名词性从句。主语从句中，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。句意：使文字与众不同的是它的视觉形式。故填What。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·河南省名校高三二模)The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum，in Guanghan，Sichuan province，made the place an instant tourist hot spot.The turquoise­eyed bronze heads，golden masks，holy trees，ceremonial altars (祭坛) and deity statues disclose the mysterious faces of a culture __1__ (date) back more than 3，000 years.For those who can't make __2__ to Guanghan in person，where the extensive excavation site of Sanxingdui is located，an immersive exhibition，titled Hello Sanxingdui，which is equipped with digital technology，__3__ (offer) them an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It provides a time­travel experience with both an __4__ (education) and artistic appeal.The journey begins with a brief timeline of texts，photos and videos，showing __5__ Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s，when objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch.It highlights the important moments in the past century's continued archaeological efforts，and uncovers the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet __6__ (figure) out. The images and patterns of these objects __7__ (find) at Sanxingdui have been digitalized，animated and projected on screens，__8__ the accompaniment of music，leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu，a civilization that boomed for __9__ (century) in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty，and disappeared __10__ (sudden)，leaving many myths and legends. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了三星堆博物馆的新展览馆的相关情况。 1．dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：绿松石眼的青铜头像、金色面具、圣树、仪式祭坛和神像揭示了3000多年前文化的神秘面孔。空处应填非谓语动词，a culture与动词短语date back“追溯到”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语。故填dating。 2．it　考查代词。句意：对于那些不能亲自到广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的沉浸式展览，配备了数字技术，为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。make it to...为固定短语，意为“成功(及时)到达某个地方”。故填 it。 3．offers　考查动词时态。句意：对于那些不能亲自到广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的沉浸式展览，配备了数字技术，为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。空处应填谓语动词，an immersive exhibition与offer之间为主动关系，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故填offers。 4．educational　考查形容词。句意：它提供了一个兼具教育和艺术吸引力的时间旅行体验。由句意及空后的and artistic appeal可知此处应用形容词形式educational，作定语，修饰名词appeal，与artistic并列。故填educational。 5．how　考查宾语从句。句意：旅程以文字、照片和视频的简短时间线开始，展示了三星堆是如何在20世纪20年代首次被发现的，当时农民在挖掘灌溉渠时发现了一些物品。由句意及空前的showing以及空后的Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s可知此此处应用宾语从句的引导词how，意为“三星堆在20世纪20年代如何被首次发现的”。故填how。 6．to be figured　考查非谓语动词。句意：它突出了过去一个世纪持续的考古努力中的重要时刻，揭示了围绕三星堆的神话和尚未被解开的秘密。空处应填非谓语动词，figure与其逻辑主语the secrets之间为动宾关系，而且此处表示将来的动作，应用动词不定式的被动形式to be figured，作后置定语。故填to be figured。 7．found　考查非谓语动词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。空处应填非谓语动词，find与其逻辑主语The images and patterns之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词表示被动和完成，作后置定语。故填found。 8．to　考查介词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。to the accompaniment of为固定搭配，意为“在……的伴奏下”。故填 to。 9．centuries　考查名词复数。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。根据空前的 for及句意可知此处应用名词的复数形式。故填centuries。 10．suddenly　考查副词。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像和图案经过数字化、动画化和屏幕投影，伴随着音乐的伴奏，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪然后突然消失，留下了许多神话和传说的文明。由句意此处应用副词形式suddenly，修饰动词disappeared，作状语。故填suddenly。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 (2024·山东省潍坊市高三三模)The color blue is very rare in nature，with fewer than one in 10 plants sporting the common human favorite.To present this color，they have to perform tricks to make themselves blue to the human eyes.In some lowers like bluebells，it primarily occurs when naturally occurring pigments (色素) are mixed the way you can mix different paints to change the color. For blueberries，the blue comes on the naturally produced thin layer of wax (蜡) on their skin，which often serves as a self­cleaning coating or for added protection in the plant kingdom.“The blue of most fruits is in their pigmented juices.That isn't the case with blueberries，”says Rox Middleton，co­author of a study published in Science Advances. In the study，Middleton and his team examined the wax of a blueberry using an electron microscope.They found that the layer of wax is composed of tiny structures that work by scattering (散射) blue and UV light from the sun，while absorbing most of other colors of light.The arrangement makes the berries appear blue to humans and blue­UV to birds and other species that can see UV light，despite not having blue pigments in the waxy skin itself. To look closer，they removed the outer wax and reshaped it on a black card.They created a new blue­UV coating and removed a very thin substance that creates color called a colorant from the skin.“The colorants scatter blue and UV，letting the other colors pass through without absorption，”says Middleton.“That's why it's so important that there are dark pigments underneath to ‘mop__up’ the rest of the light.If there was a bright pigment or white scattering material underneath，that light would come through，and the color would look mixed or washed out.” The study does show that nature has developed a “really neat trick”in the form of a very thin layer for an important colorant.Reproducing this colorant in the lab could make a way for new methods of creating pigments. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要以蓝莓为例介绍了自然界中蓝色植物和水果的罕见性以及它们如何以独特的方式展现蓝色。通过电子显微镜的研究发现，蓝莓表皮上的蜡质层通过散射蓝色和紫外线、吸收其他颜色光线的方式，使得蓝莓对人类看起来是蓝色的，而对能看到紫外线的鸟类和其他生物来说则是蓝色紫外线的。 1．How do bluebells present blue to humans? A．By blocking natural light. B．By combining the pigments. C．By changing the outer colour. D．By producing various paints. B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In some lowers like bluebells，it primarily occurs when naturally occurring pigments (色素) are mixed the way you can mix different paints to change the color.( 在一些像风信子这样的植物中，它主要发生在天然色素混合时，就像你可以混合不同的颜料来改变颜色一样)”可知，风信子通过混合色素将蓝色呈现给人类。故选B。 2．What did Middleton's team discover about the wax layer on blueberries? A．Its colorful pigments. B．Its internal mechanism. C．Its chemical changes. D．Its unique components. B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In the study，Middleton and his team examined the wax of a blueberry using an electron microscope.They found that the layer of wax is composed of tiny structures that work by scattering (散射) blue and UV light from the sun，while absorbing most of other colors of light.(在这项研究中，米德尔顿和他的团队用电子显微镜检查了蓝莓的蜡。他们发现，这层蜡是由微小的结构组成的，这些结构通过散射来自太阳的蓝光和紫外线而起作用，同时吸收大多数其他颜色的光)”可知，米德尔顿的团队发现蓝莓的蜡层是其内部机制。故选B。 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “mop up”in Paragraph 4? A．Mix. B．Reflect. C．Recognize. D．Absorb. D　词句猜测题。根据划线词组上文“To look closer，they removed the outer wax and reshaped it on a black card.They created a new blue­UV coating and removed a very thin substance that creates color called a colorant from the skin.‘The colorants scatter blue and UV，letting the other colors pass through without absorption，’says Middleton.(为了仔细观察，他们去掉了外层的蜡，并在一张黑卡片上重塑了它。他们发明了一种新的蓝色紫外线涂层，并从皮肤上去除一种非常薄的物质，这种物质会产生一种被称为着色剂的颜色。米德尔顿说：‘着色剂会分散蓝色和紫外线，让其他颜色通过而不被吸收。’)”可知，在下面有深色颜料来“抹去”剩余的光线是很重要的。由此可知，mop up意为“抹去，吸收”。故选D。 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．The Science Behind Plant Colors B．The Invisible Pigments Of Blueberries C．Technically，Blueberries Aren't Blue D．Indeed，Color Blue Is Human Favorite C　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“For blueberries，the blue comes on the naturally produced thin layer of wax on their skin，which often serves as a self­cleaning coating or for added protection in the plant kingdom.‘The blue of most fruits is in their pigmented juices.That isn't the case with blueberries，’says Rox Middleton，co­author of a study published in Science Advances.( 对于蓝莓来说，蓝色来自于它们皮肤上自然产生的薄层蜡，这通常是一种自清洁涂层，或者是植物界的额外保护。‘大多数水果的蓝色是它们的色素汁。蓝莓却不是这样，’发表在《科学进展》上的一项研究的合著者罗克斯·米德尔顿说)”和文章最后一段“The study does show that nature has developed a ‘really neat trick’in the form of a very thin layer for an important colorant.(这项研究确实表明，大自然已经开发出一种‘非常巧妙的技巧’，即为一种重要的着色剂形成一层非常薄的层)”可知，文章主要以蓝莓为例介绍了自然界中蓝色植物和水果的罕见性以及它们如何以独特的方式展现蓝色。通过电子显微镜的研究发现，蓝莓表皮上的蜡质层通过散射蓝色和紫外线、吸收其他颜色光线的方式，使得蓝莓对人类看起来是蓝色的，而对能看到紫外线的鸟类和其他生物来说则是蓝色紫外线的。由此可知，Technically，Blueberries Aren't Blue(从技术上讲，蓝莓不是蓝色的)适合作本文标题。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$