课时作业3 名词（word练习）-【名师大课堂】2025年新高考英语艺术生总复习必备训练册

课时作业(三) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·山东师范大学附属中学高三月考)In Sayed's view，China's putting the __safety__ (safe) and health of its people first is the reason for winning the battle. 解析：考查名词。句意：在Sayed看来，中国把人民的生命安全和健康放在第一位是我们赢得这场战争的原因。根据空格前定冠词the可知，应填入名词作put的宾语，并与空格后名词health构成并列关系，safety是不可数名词。故填safety。 2．(2024·山东省烟台市一模)The couple's major __responsibility__ (responsible) is preventing those without authorization from entering the protected area in case the paintings are damaged. 解析：考查名词。句意：这对夫妇的主要责任是防止未经授权的人进入保护区域，以免损坏画作。空处作句子的主语，用responsible的名词形式，is提示用单数。故填：responsibility。 3．(2024·安徽省黄山市高三二模)The fact that China is able to build aircraft carriers，large LNG carriers and large cruise ships at the same time is a major __achievement__ (achieve) of the country's shipbuilding and high­end manufacturing，experts say. 解析：考查名词。句意：专家说，中国能够同时建造航空母舰、大型液化天然气船和大型游轮，这是中国造船和高端制造业的主要成就。由空格前的a可知空处应填名词单数作表语，故填achievement。 4．(2024·北京市昌平区第一中学一模)Soon，our “funny jazz”became famous and__invitations__(invite) to perform for broadcast stations began to come. 解析：考查名词的数。句意：不久，我们的“滑稽爵士”就出名了，到广播电台表演的邀请也开始接踵而至。此处作主语，表示“邀请”应用invitation，且前文没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填invitations。 5．(2024·山东省潍坊市高三二模)Upon their __arrival__ (arrive)，the Red Army found only thirteen heavy iron chains left across the river. 解析：考查名词。句意：当他们到达时，红军发现河对岸只剩下13条沉重的铁链。固定短语upon one's arrival表示“某人一到”，名词作宾语。故填arrival。 6．(2024·河北五校联盟调研)Yuan Longping，a Chinese scientist who developed many high­yield rice__varieties__(variety)that helped feed people around the world，passed away on Saturday at a hospital in the southern city of Changsha. 解析：考查名词复数。句意：中国科学家袁隆平于周六在中国南部城市长沙的一家医院去世，他曾培育出许多高产水稻品种，帮助养活了世界各地的人们。设空处位于many后面，所以要用复数形式；variety的复数形式为varieties。故填varieties。 7．(2024·福建省厦门市外国语学校一模)It was recognized that these __solutions__ (solve)could only be temporary. 解析：考查名词。句意：人们认识到这些解决方法只能是暂时的。分析句子结构可知，these后要使用名词复数在从句中作主语，故填solutions。 8．(2024·湖南省怀化市高三二模)Data from the administration show that from 2003 to 2023，the government's __contribution/contributions__ (contribute) to basic medical insurance for rural and non­working urban residents rose faster than the personal part. 解析：考查名词。句意：医保局的数据显示，从2003年到2023年，政府对农村和非就业城镇居民基本医疗保险的投入增长速度快于个人部分，这为低收入家庭和其他有需要的人提供了进一步的支持。空处在句子中作主语，使用名词，“政府的投入”既可以用单数contribution也可以用复数contributions，故填contribution/contributions。 9．(2024·湖南省三湘名校教育联盟高三大联考)In the late summer and early fall，the butterflies typically leave southern Canada and northern and central __regions__ (region) of the United States. 解析：考查名词的数。句意：在夏末秋初，蝴蝶通常会离开加拿大南部、美国北部和中部地区。region为可数名词，根据上文northern and central可知应用复数形式。故填regions。 10. (2024·福建省厦门市双十中学一模)This war has caused widespread human __suffering(s)__ (suffer)． 解析：考查名词。句意：这场战争造成了广泛的人类苦难。此处应用名词作宾语，suffering“苦难”即可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词；当其为可数名词时，常用复数形式。故填suffering(s)。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·河北省保定市九校高三二模)China will become the guest country of honor for the 37th International Kite Festival in Berck­sur­Mer from April 20 to 28.It is the first time that the festival __1__ (introduce) the concept of guest countries since its establishment in 1987. During the nine­day event，the China Cultural Center in Paris will join hands __2__ Weifang City in Shandong Province—known as the “kite capital of the world”，to showcase the most authentic Chinese kite art and cultural experience to the audience.Various cultural activities will take center stage，__3__ (involve) kite competitions，cultural performances and __4__ (workshop) on intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产)． The International Kite Festival in Berck­sur­Mer is the largest and most __5__ (influence) kite­themed event in France.In addition to regular kite displays，this year's festival will debut the international kite stunt competition，__6__ (call) “The World Kite Cup Berck­sur­Mer”．Kite­flying masters from ten countries and regions will compete for the world champion title in a showdown of skills and __7__ (create)． __8__ (kick) off the festival on April 20，a 100­meter­long dragon kite will take flight，followed by __9__ series of activities，like dragon and lion dance performances，martial arts demonstrations，a tea ceremony，calligraphy exhibitions __10__ traditional Chinese folk music performances. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国将首次作为嘉宾国参加4月20日至28日在Berck­sur­Mer举办的第37届国际风筝节，期间将与山东省潍坊市合作展示中国风筝艺术及文化，活动包括风筝比赛、文化表演和非遗工作坊。 1．has introduced　考查时态。句意：这是自1987年创立以来首次引入嘉宾国概念。“it is the first time that ＋从句”是固定句型，从句中谓语动词要用现在完成时，主语the festival为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has introduced。 2．with　考查介词。句意：在为期九天的活动中，巴黎中国文化中心将与被称为“世界风筝之都”的山东省潍坊市携手，向观众展示最真实的中国风筝艺术和文化体验。join hands with...意为“与……携手”，固定短语。故填with。 3．involving　考查非谓语动词。句意：各种文化活动将占据中心位置，包括风筝比赛、文化表演和非物质文化遗产研讨会。本句谓语为will take，此处为非谓语动词，且cultural activities与involve“包括”为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填involving。 4．workshops　考查名词复数。句意：各种文化活动将占据中心位置，包括风筝比赛、文化表演和非物质文化遗产研讨会。workshop“研讨会”是可数名词，研讨会不止一个，此处要用其复数形式。故填workshops。 5．influential　考查形容词。句意：在滨海贝尔克举行的国际风筝节是法国规模最大、影响力最大的风筝主题活动。根据空前的largest 和空后的名词可知，此处要用形容词influential“有影响的”作定语，修饰名词event。故填influential。 6．called　考查非谓语动词。句意：除了常规的风筝表演，今年的节日还将首次举办国际风筝特技比赛，称为“世界风筝杯”。本句谓语为will debut，此处为非谓语动词，且the international kite stunt competition与call之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填called。 7．creativity　考查名词。句意：来自十个国家和地区的放风筝高手将在一场技巧和创意的对决中争夺世界冠军头衔。此处要用名词creativity“创造力”，作of的宾语。故填creativity。 8．To kick　考查非谓语动词。句意：4月20日，一个100米长的龙风筝将升空，随后是一系列活动，如舞龙、舞狮表演、武术示范、茶道、书法展览和中国传统民族音乐表演。kick off“开始”。本句谓语为will take，此处为非谓语动词，要用不定式作目的状语。故填To kick。 9．a　考查冠词。句意：4月20日，一个100米长的龙风筝将升空，随后是一系列活动，如舞龙、舞狮表演、武术示范、茶道、书法展览和中国传统民族音乐表演。a series of 是固定短语，意为“一系列”。故填a。 10．and　考查并列连词。句意：4月20日，一个100米长的龙风筝将升空，随后是一系列活动，如舞龙、舞狮表演、武术示范、茶道、书法展览和中国传统民族音乐表演。dragon and lion dance performances，martial arts demonstrations，a tea ceremony，calligraphy exhibitions和空后的traditional Chinese folk music performances为并列关系，此处要用and连接并列成分。故填and。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 (2024·湖南省株洲市高三三模)Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s，she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘)．It's what forced Florio，53，of Massapequa，to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀)． Along with other volunteers，Florio had spent hours with her daughter，Kyra Florio­Marinello，15，and her daughter's friend Tatum Brennan，15，planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind.But four days later，a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away.“The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，”said Marta Kane，an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.“The dune grass cost the town $32，000.” The event，centered on volunteerism，drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment.While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment，for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.Maria Rizzi，70，of Massapequa，participated in the planting session with her grandson，Andrew Lepsis，10.She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.“I'd be willing to do it again，”she said.“I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.” While the storm swept the new plants away，Florio said Tobay Beach's appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand.“Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches，”Florio said. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。 1．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event? A．To protect the ocean from being polluted. B．To keep the shoreline in good shape. C．To reduce extreme weather conditions. D．To prevent people playing on the beach. B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It's what forced Florio，53，of Massapequa，to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀)．(这就是迫使53岁的Florio参加3月30日奥斯特湾镇一年一度的沙丘草种植活动的原因，这是为了帮助稳定海滩沙丘，防止海岸线侵蚀)”可知，沙丘植草活动旨在帮助稳定海滩沙丘，放置海岸线侵蚀，以此保持海岸线的良好的形状，故选B。 2．Which can best describe the dune grass planting event? A．Popular but costly. B．Traditional but complex. C．Creative and economical. D．Successful and rewarding. A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，’ said Marta Kane，an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.‘The dune grass cost the town $32，000.’(‘最近的沙丘种植活动吸引了150多名志愿者，他们在2.7英亩的大西洋沙丘上种植了很多东西。’Oyster Bay的女发言人Marta Kane说。‘沙丘草让小镇损失了3.2万美元。’)”对参加该活动的人数和其花费可知，沙丘植草活动受到大家的欢迎和支持，但有点费钱，故选A。 3．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting? A．Interesting. B．Disappointed. C．Hopeless. D．Motivated. D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.‘I'd be willing to do it again，’ she said.‘I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.’(她说她会和更多的家庭成员一起回去参加另一个活动。‘我愿意再来一次，’她说。‘我甚至会说服大一点的孙子们来。’)”可知，Maria Rizzi对沙丘植草活动充满希望，积极性很高，故选D。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Great Grass Planting B．The Best of the Storm C．Spirit Never Washed Away D．Volunteers Making History Together C　主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment，for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.(虽然结果导致了一波失望，但对一些志愿者来说，这伴随着一种新的动力)”可知，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。C项“从未被冲走的精神”为最佳标题，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$