Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

新教材·英语　选择性必修·第二册[译林版] Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．taking part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job——adj. amateur 2．the upper front part of the body, between the stomach and the neck——n. chest 3．either side of the face below the eyes——n. cheek 4．the joint which connects the foot to the leg, or the thin part of the leg just above the foot——n. ankle 5．slowly over a period of time or a distance——adv. gradually 6．the condition of a person's body and how healthy it is——n. constitution 7．a period of time or meeting arranged for a particular activity——n. session 8．to control something so that it is not greater than a particular amount, number or level——vt. limit 9．to make a substance flow from a container, especially into another container, by raising just one side of the container that the substance is in——v. pour 10．a running race of slightly over 26 miles (42.195 kilometres)——n. marathon Ⅱ.教材原句 1．My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place ____________________ (让我疲劳的身体休息一下). 答案：to rest my tired body 2．My cheeks were red, and I could ______________________ (听到我的呼吸沉重) as I looked up at the blue sky. 答案：hear myself breathing heavily 3．When my breathing returned to normal, I ____________ (反思) what had just been achieved. 答案：reflected on 4．__________________ (在接下来的六周里), I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run. 答案：Over the next six weeks 5．The day of the half­marathon finally arrived and I ________________ (觉得准备充分)． 答案：felt well prepared 6．I ran my race ________________ (轻松自信地), even though my limits were being tested like never before. 答案：relaxed and confident 7．Then, we took our place at the table and quickly started to arrange the bottles and cups ______________________ (以便他们看起来像) an army of soldiers standing in line for inspection. 答案：so that they looked like 8．We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity, and while I didn't feel that I ____________________ (有一个强壮的体格) to run that far, I thought the next best thing would be to help those who could. 答案：had a strong constitution 9．Cathy and I waited patiently ________________________ (直到消息传开) the first runners would be arriving soon. 答案：until word spread that 10．We were tired and ____________ (汗流浃背) but it felt really good to know that we had been able to help others. 答案：wet with sweat 1 limit n. 限度，限制；限量，限额；界限　vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量(教材P20) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit. 生命有限，知识无涯。 ②I've limited myself to 1，000 calories a day to lose weight. 为了减肥，我限定自己每天摄入1，000卡的热量。 ③I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people. 我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。 (1)单句语法填空 ①We must make good use of our ________ (limit) time and money. ②In my opinion, keeping dogs should not be banned, but limited ________ certain areas. ③We acquire knowledge through the Internet, without the ________ (limit) of time and place. 答案：①limited　②to　③limitation (2)单句表达 主席对公共开支设定了新的限制。 The chairman ________________________ public spending. 答案：has put/set new limits to 2 pour vt.& vi. 倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨(教材P21) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The Great Wall is such a well­known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. 长城是个如此有名气的旅游景点，每年都有数百万的游客蜂拥而至。 ②The crazy football fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly. 狂热的足球迷们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。 ③She poured out her trouble to me over a cup of coffee. 她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Some students often pour ________ their feelings to the teachers. ②It was at midnight when rain was pouring ____________． 答案：①out　②down (2)单句表达 山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。 Sam broke the blisters and ________________ from the fridge onto the skin. 答案：poured icy water Grammar　过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．By the time he died in 2016, Ali ________ (recognize) as one of the greatest boxers of all time. 答案：had been recognized 2．I was happy to learn that a lot of money ________ (raise) for charity. 答案：had been raised 3．Six weeks ago, my friends told me that a city half－marathon for amateurs ________ (organize) to help raise money for charity, and encouraged me to take part. 答案：was being organized 4．The feast ________ (prepare) when it began to snow outside. 答案：was being prepared 5． ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits ________ (test) like never before. 答案：were being tested 语法讲座 一、语态 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种，主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者，被动语态的基本形式为“助动词be＋done”，其中助动词be随着人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化，后面常用by引出动作的执行者。 In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is used frequently to cover painful feelings. 在东南亚国家的文化中，微笑常常被用来掩饰痛苦的情感。 Five reporters were sent to cover the conference. 五名记者被派去报道这次会议。 Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then. 那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。 Some people have been ruined by their desire for wealth. 一些人被他们对财富的贪欲毁了。 We couldn't use the computer. It was being repaired. 我们不能使用那台电脑，它正在被维修。 When the boss got to the office, all the work had been finished. 老板到达办公室时，所有的工作都完成了。 二、过去进行时的被动语态 1．构成 (1)肯定句：主语＋was/were being done＋其他成分 Computer was being majored by him during his college. 他那时正在大学学计算机专业。 (2)否定句：主语＋was/were not being done＋其他成分 The movie star wasn't being stalked by the fan. 那个电影明星并没有被粉丝跟踪。 (3)一般疑问句：was/were＋主语＋being done＋其他成分 Was a new library being put up in their school just then? 他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？ (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋was/were(＋主语)＋being done＋其他成分 What was being done to the machine? 对这台机器采取了什么措施？ 2．用法 (1)表示在过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。 He was being interviewed by our headmaster yesterday afternoon. 他昨天下午正在接受我们校长的采访。 This film was being shown then. 那时这部电影正在被放映。 (2)少数及物动词的过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作。 Some rock music was being played by them next. 下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。 A party was being held tonight. 今晚将举办一场晚会。 单句语法填空 ①They were living with their parents for the moment because their own house ________ (rebuild)． ②After school, I went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________ (decorate)． ③The man ________ (question) by the policeman at that time. ④Was a new road ________ (pave) in your city at that time? ⑤The journalist wanted to know what ________ (do) about the situation. 答案：①was being rebuilt　②was being decorated　③was being questioned　④being paved　⑤was being done 三、过去完成时的被动语态 1．构成 (1)肯定句：主语＋had been done＋其他成分 The villages had been deserted. 这些村庄已经荒无人烟了。 (2)否定句：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分 The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came. 老师来之前教室还没有打扫。 (3)一般疑问句：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分 Had his homework been finished by the time you got there? 你到那之前他写完作业了吗？ (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋had (＋主语)＋been done＋其他成分 How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended? 飓风结束时，有多少建筑被毁？ 2．用法 (1)表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作，常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。 By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished. 他到学校时，第一节课已经结束了。 Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting? 这个新计划在会议前讨论过了吗？ (2)在tell, say, know, hear, think等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。 They said the production costs had been reduced. 他们说生产成本已经降低了。 The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 这男孩被提醒他的家庭作业还没有交。 The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the earthquake. 媒体报道有1，000多人在地震中丧生。 (3)过去的两个动作发生的先后顺序能通过语境判断出来，先发生的被动动作用过去完成时的被动语态表示。 As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. 作业完成后，他继续上网搜索。 3．特殊句式 (1)It was the first/second/... time that＋主语＋had been done (＋其他) It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Zhengzhou. 那是该会议第一次在郑州召开。 (2)在虚拟条件句中，条件从句表示对过去情况的假设时：if＋主语＋had been done (＋其他)。 If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone there. 如果早点邀请我的话，我就去那里了。 单句语法填空 ①The rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. ②I was sent to the poor village last month to see how the 20 loan program ________ (carry) out in the past two years. ③It was the first time that he ________ (award)． ④Had the task ________ (complete) before 12：00 yesterday? ⑤The professor was delighted to find that the project ________ (finish) by students independently. ⑥She returned home and found all the furniture ________ (destroy) by the flood. 答案：①had been trapped　②had been carried　③had been awarded　④been completed　⑤had been finished　⑥had been destroyed Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．The website provides a platform for ________ (业余的) photographers. 答案：amateur 2．________ (逐渐地), the tailor built up his reputation. 答案：Gradually 3．The two leaders emerged for a photo ________ (一场)． 答案：session 4．The journalist interviewed the c________ of the country. 答案：chairman 5．Janet slipped on the stairs and twisted her a________． 答案：ankle Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．—Why didn't you come to his birthday party on time? —Because the present I bought for him ________ (wrap) at the shop. 答案：was being wrapped 2．He said many activities ________ (plan) for the celebration of the company's 60th anniversary. 答案：were being planned 3．The dinner ________ (eat) by the time Sam joined them. 答案：had been eaten 4．When they got home they found that a lot of valuable things ________ (steal)． 答案：had been stolen 5．Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightning, and thunder rolled; rain started to pour ________. 答案：down Ⅲ.单句表达 1．在你每天必须要做的事情上设定一个限度，然后坚持下去。 ________________ the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it. 答案：Set a limit to 2．当波莉观察火车上的乘客时，她感到有一个穿着黑大衣的高个子男人正在监视她。 As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she ________________ by a tall man in a dark overcoat. 答案：was being watched 3．当这对老夫妇旅行回来的时候， 发现他们的房子有人闯入。 The old couple found their house ____________________ into when they came back home from the trip. 答案：had been broken 4．我很紧张因为这是我第一次被邀请参加开幕宴会。 I was very nervous because it was the first time that I ________________ to an opening banquet. 答案：had been invited 5．经理很高兴地得知五分之四的票已经被预订好了。 The manager was happy to learn that four­fifths of the tickets ________________． 答案：had been booked 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 36­year­old Andy decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding. The only 1 he expected to encounter was his own ability to get back into the sport after so long. 2 ， the 340­pound skateboarder soon realized that was the least of his problems. Andy's challenges began even 3 he stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find any resources, like the type of boards to try, for 4 skaters. What Andy did find instead was a(n) 5 belief that plus­sized people should not be skating. Determined to change people's 6 of plus­ sized people in sports, Andy founded Chub Rollz—a skateboarding community for fat skaters. He knew not only did he need to get back into skating to prove people 7 ， but he needed to 8 a safe space where others can show themselves as well. To inspire plus­sized people to 9 the fun sport, Andy made a list of recommended products for them and also hosted skateboarding classes to 10 beginners. The 11 to Chub Rollz was incredibly positive. Following an article about his initiative in the San Francisco Chronicle (纪事报), Andy, received numerous messages from 12 expressing gratefulness for giving them the 13 to stand up to critics. For those 14 to go after their desired activity due to their body size, Andy has this to say: “Never let others' opinions and self­doubt ruin the chance to 15 something new.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了36岁超重的Andy(安迪)为重新开始滑板运动而成立了一个专门为肥胖滑冰运动员开设的滑板社区，Andy认为永远不要让别人的观点和自我怀疑毁掉了尝试新事物的机会。 1．A.barrier B．task C．adventure D．target 答案：A　根据后文“expected to encounter was his own ability to get back into the sport after so long”可知，Andy想回到他高中时最喜欢的滑板爱好，此处指他重新回到这项爱好的障碍。故选A。 2．A.Therefore B．However C．Undoubtedly D．Fortunately 答案：B　前文提到Andy担心自己重新回到这项运动中来的能力，后文则说他最不关心这个问题，前后为转折关系。故选B。 3．A.after B．before C．when D．until 答案：B　根据后文“He couldn't find any resources, like the type of boards to try”可知，他找不到超重的人使用的资源，即在他踩上滑板之前他的挑战就开始了。故选B。 4．A.male B．ambitious C．elderly D．overweight 答案：D　根据前文“the 340­pound skateboarder”以及后文“fat skaters”可知，Andy有超重问题，此处指他找不到任何可供超重滑板选手使用的滑板之类的资源。故选D。 5．A.easily­forgotten B．long­held C．interesting D．convincing 答案：B　根据后文“belief that plus­sized people should not be skating”可知，此处指肥胖的人不应该滑滑板这是一个长期存在的观念。故选B。 6．A.expectation B．impression C．description D．knowledge 答案：B　根据后文“of plus­sized people in sports”可知，此处指改变人们对体育运动中胖人的印象。故选B。 7．A．selfish B．dishonest C．sensitive D．wrong 答案：D　此处指改变人们认为超重的人不应该滑板的错误印象。故选D。 8．A．create B．imagine C．enter D．occupy 答案：A　根据后文“a safe space where others can show themselves as well”可知，他需要创造一个安全的空间，让其他人也可以展示自己。故选A。 9．A.make sense of B．give way to C．take up D．remark on 答案：C　根据后文“the fun sport”可知，此处指从事这项有趣的运动，take up “从事”。故选C。 10．A.question B．persuade C．sponso D．teach 答案：D　根据前文“hosted skateboarding classes to”可知，举办滑板课程是为了教初学者。故选D。 11．A.approach B．solution C．response D．entrance 答案：C　根据后文“to Chub Rollz was incredibly positive”可知，此处指人们对Chub Rollz的反应非常积极。故选C。 12．A.consumers B．skaters C．strangers D．customers 答案：C　根据前文“Following an article about his initiative in the San Francisco Chronicle (纪事报)”可知，Andy收到的是读了他文章的陌生人发来的信息。故选C。 13．A.patience B．need C．courage D．curiosity 答案：C　根据后文“to stand up to critics”可知，Andy给了陌生人勇敢面对批评的勇气。故选C。 14．A.unlikely B．unsuitable C．content D．hesitant 答案：D　根据后文“to go after their desired activity due to their body size”可知，此处指对于那些因为身材而犹豫不决的人。故选D。 15．A.try B．discover C．introduce D．assess 答案：A　根据后文“something new”可知，此处指尝试新事物。故选A。 Ⅱ　阅读 A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning. The race was set in the French Alps. Setting off at 6：15 am on Friday, 39­year­old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations, but she pushed on—managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes. Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life­saving surgery. Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women's health. In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to normalize the conversation surrounding female health. Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said, “I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge, but every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn't been diagnosed. That is why I insisted on this.” Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30，000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4，000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra­Trail du Mont Blanc. You could say Andrea's actually made a lifetime effort for an event like this. She completed her first three­mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患癌幸存者Andrea Mason(安德里亚·梅森)成为第一位完成了三项全能赛的女性，并且为了促进女性健康，成立了自己的慈善组织。 1．What brought Andrea Mason so much joy? A．She swam and ran over 330 miles in five days. B．She battled bravely and defeated cancer finally. C．She completed a marathon in just five days. D．She finished an exhausting triathlon lately. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Andrea Mason成为第一位完成“从海到顶峰”三项全能赛的女性，她在短短五天内游泳、骑自行车、跑步超过330英里。最近完成这一个让人精疲力竭的三项全能运动项目，让她非常高兴。故选D。 2．What is the purpose of Andrea's creating her own charity? A．To help the poor women. B．To promote women's health. C．To focus on women's life. D．To raise the status of women. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to normalize the conversation surrounding female health.(在去年，Andrea设立了她自己的慈善组织Lady Talk Matters，为的就是让围绕女性健康的话题正常化。)”可知，Andrea设立慈善组织就是为了促进女性健康。故选B。 3．What made Andrea stick with the race? A．Thinking of other women who might have cancer. B．Thinking of other women who had more pain. C．Her strong willpower to win. D．Her family's support. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge, but every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn't been diagnosed. That is why I insisted on this.(比赛比我想象的要大，对我身体的影响是巨大的，但每次我想要放弃的时候，我就会想到所有在痛苦中挣扎或者还没有被确诊的女性。所以我才坚持要这么做。)”并结合选项可知，能让Andrea坚持这场比赛的是她想到了那些没有被诊断但是可能患癌的女性。故选A。 4．What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph? A．Andrea liked sports very much. B．Andrea faced huge challenges. C．As a little girl, Andrea won many races. D．Andrea's success lay in long­term effort. 答案：D　段落大意题。最后一段主要描述了Andrea从很小的时候就开始参加这样的比赛，并且一生都在为之努力。由此可推知，作者通过最后一段主要想告诉我们Andrea的成功源自她长期的努力。故选D。 1．complete v. 完成 2．overjoyed adj. 万分高兴的 3．diagnose v. 诊断 4．normalize v. 正常化，恢复正常 1．set off 启程，出发 2．set up 建立，创立 Ⅲ　语法填空 The British have been drinking tea for over 350 years. But in fact, the history of tea goes much 1 (far) back. The story of tea begins in China. According to the legend, the Chinese emperor Shen Nung was sitting 2 a tree while his servant boiled drinking water, when some leaves from the tree blew into the water. Shen Nung, 3 expert in herbal medicine, decided to try the water his servant created. As a result, it tasted so good that later the drink was 4 we now call tea. It is 5 (possible) to know whether there is any truth in this story. 6 ， tea drinking certainly was established in China many centuries before it had even been heard of in the west. Containers of tea 7 (find) in tombs dating from the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) before tea was firmly established as the national drink of China in the Tang Dynasty (618-906AD). It became 8 a favorite thing that during the late eighth century, a writer 9 (call) Lu Yu wrote the first book entirely about tea, the Ch'a Ching, or Tea Classic. It was shortly after this that tea was first introduced to Japan, by Japanese Buddhist monks who had travelled to China to study before. Tea drinking has become a vital part of Japanese culture, 10 may be rooted in the spirit described in the Ch'a Ching. 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________ 　5．________ 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了茶的起源、发展以及传播。 1．further　考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“(程度上)更远”，应用far的比较级further，故填further。 2．under/beneath　考查介词。此处表示“在……下面”，故填under/beneath。 3．an　考查冠词。expert为可数名词，此处泛指“一位专家”，且expert的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 4．what　考查表语从句的连接词。句意：结果，它尝起来很好，后来这种饮料就是我们现在所说的茶。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，故填what。 5．impossible　考查反义词。此处表示“不可能知道这个故事的真实性”，故填impossible。 6．However　考查连词。上下文语境为转折关系且设空处位于句首，故填However。 7．had been found　考查动词的时态和语态。 “find”发生在“tea was firmly established”之前，即为“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故填had been found。 8．such　考查固定用法。固定用法so/such ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，且“a favorite thing”为名词，需要such修饰，故填such。 9．called　考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，设空处应用非谓语动词，call与逻辑主语Lu Yu构成被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。 10．which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个句子，且在从句中作主语，故填which。 Ⅳ　应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友David热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习。请你给他写封邮件， 内容包括： 1．介绍学校体育课程及活动； 2．推荐一项中国传统体育项目。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] Dear David， I'm delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student.Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the sports courses and a traditional Chinese sport to you. Initially, there are two PE classes every week, in which basic courses, including basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn tai chi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay healthy physically and mentally. Look forward to your arrival! Yours sincerely， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$