Unit 4 课时作业(1)(Word练习)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(一) (限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读 The time invested in kids learning how to cook is time well spent! From mixing and baking cookies to making and cooking fresh pasta, kids will be led by a professional chef throughout the entire class.With safety at the forefront, your chef will turn the kitchen into the classroom as kids learn valuable life skills, such as critical thinking, creativity and cooperation. Classic Pasta for Kids　　$119 PER PERSON In this interactive cooking class designed for kids, Chef Jordan will teach fundamental kitchen skills, including the art of pasta making, while creating a classic spaghetti dinner.This class is recommended for ages 5～15. Kids' Pasta-Making 101 $99 PER PERSON Explore the art of pasta-making in this hands-on cooking class for kids.Chef ShaSha will guide you by using fresh ingredients and authentic techniques to make a handful of kids' favorite dishes.This class is recommended for ages 8～18. Sushi Making for Kids $85 PER PERSON In this hands-on cooking class intended for kids, Chef Christmas will guide you in making non-traditional sushi.The rolls you make will have the authentic taste and texture of traditional sushi, but with a unique shape! This class is recommended for ages 5～15. Kids' Baking Party $75 PER PERSON In this hands-on baking class with Chef Adolf, your kids will be on their way to feeling like the finest of chefs.Chef Adolf will show them how to mix, beat and fold ingredients into eats that everyone will love at a kid's birthday party.This class is recommended for ages 8～15. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/社会服务。本文为应用文，主要为孩子们量身打造有趣的烹饪课程做广告。 1．Which class is suitable for a 17-year-old kid? A．Classic Pasta for Kids. B．Kids' Baking Party. C．Sushi Making for Kids. D．Kids' Pasta-Making 101. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Kids' Pasta-Making 101部分最后一句可知，Kids' Pasta-Making 101适合17岁的孩子，故选D项。 2．What is special about Sushi Making for Kids? A．Sushi made in this class has different shapes from traditional sushi. B．Students can create personalized tastes from traditional sushi. C．The class is offered for free if you sign for it with a friend. D．The chef who teaches this class is just a kid of 15. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Sushi Making for Kids部分第二句可知，这类寿司的形状与传统寿司不同，故选A项。 3．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To educate kids to learn some basic cooking skills. B．To inspire cooks to develop innovative cuisines for kids. C．To advertise some fun cooking classes tailored for kids. D．To inform readers of the arrangements of cooking classes. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文为孩子们量身打造有趣的烹饪课程做广告，故选C项。 Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I believed that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet.Towering mountain titans, a cozy valley and an infinite blue sky promised fantastic potential for exploration.For me, no newly discovered sights or foreign landscapes can compare with its beauty. That is, until I was invited to explore Guizhou Province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour.Had someone vividly described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic detail, they would not have done it exactly.There is no substitute for seeing with one's own eyes.I will attempt to do so. During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artwork of the Bouyei ethnic group.They use dyes produced from local plants to make clothing of striking blues and greens.Local elders still practice weaving with artful wooden machines and pass that tradition on to their grandchildren. My father used to drag my brothers and me on yearly fishing trips around Arizona. We would compete to catch the largest fish, and in the mornings, Dad would cook us a basic breakfast of bacon, eggs, and toast.I sat in a small boat in the middle of the lake, with fishing pole moving slowly in my impatient hands, and held my bored tongue while my father attempted to share with me the whispers of the wind, a fish dancing on the surface of the lake or the majesty of a hawk hunting for prey overhead.On my trip to Guizhou I had the opportunity to paddle on Wanfeng lake.At one point I rested, floating at the center of the lake, listening to the spaces between silence and taking in the surrounding karst(喀斯特) mountains.I thought about my childhood, and wished I had listened more closely to my father while fishing. I've lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, carving my own destiny in China.I've managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various projects.I feel as though I have everything that I need.For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/个人经历。本文为记叙文，讲述一个美国人对中国山水和人文的依恋。 4．What do we know about the author's hometown? A．Situated in the north of US, it is home to Grand Canyon. B．It has varied landscapes, ranging from plateau to valley. C．Apparently, there's no comparison in terms of beauty. D．The author spent his childhood and adulthood in his hometown. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者的家乡有从高原到山谷的各种景观，故选B项。 5．What does the underlined word “substitute” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Experience. B．Replacement. C．Objection. D．Agreement. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句上文可知，画线词所在句表示“没有亲身体会是无法感知到的”，也就是说什么也代替不了亲眼所见。画线词substitute意为“代替”，和replacement意思相近，故选B项。 6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 4? A．To express his regret not listening to his father closely. B．To recall the most unforgettable experience with his family. C．To compare the trip on Wanfeng lake with his former fishing trips. D．To suggest that his trip in Guizhou takes him back to his childhood. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句结合本段最后一句可推断，本段的目的是表明贵州之行让作者回忆起自己的童年时光， 故选D项。 7．What does the author think of his life in Guizhou? A．Unavoidable.　　　 B．Favorable. C．Demanding. D．Astonishing. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断，对于在贵州的生活，作者是称赞的，故选B项。 Being bored is no fun, especially at work.There's nothing worse than finding yourself bored in your office on a Monday morning only to realize there're still four and a half more days before the weekend.But new research out of the Research School of Management at Australian National University argues that while boredom is certainly boring, it isn't all bad.This bored mental state can actually spark(引发) precious creativity. The study asked 52 subjects to do a pretty boring job：sort out a bowl of red and green beans with just one hand for 30 minutes.Meanwhile, 49 other subjects—the control group—were instructed to create art projects with paper, beans, and glue. Once the 30 minutes was over, each group was instructed to spend five minutes on a creative task：they had to come up with reasons why a hypothetical(假设的) person was two hours late for a meeting.What the researchers found was that the bored group came up with not just more ideas than the control group, but more creative ideas than the control group, too.The quality and quantity of production was higher for people who were bored than those who were not. A similar follow-up study also took measurements of other mental states—namely，frustration(沮丧) and anger.And it found that，while some previous research suggested that boredom could lead to lack of motivation or dissatisfaction at a job, boredom didn't produce unwanted emotions that could be damaging to mental health.In this case, people who were bored were just bored, and they walked away with a net benefit of creativity. “Boredom is not necessarily miserable and harmful based on my research，” says the study's lead author, Guihyun Park. “People want to get out of a boring state, so they indulge(沉迷) in novelty-seeking unique thinking, which brings out creativity.” So what are the limits？If we're bored all day every day, wouldn't that be bad？Can we overdo boredom? “Yes, of course，” says Park. “My study is unique because it says boredom can be helpful.Not always helpful, of course.” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/生活与学习。本文为说明文。研究发现无聊能激发宝贵的创造力。 8．What can we learn about the 52 subjects in the study? A. They were instructed by 49 other subjects. B．They dislike their office environments. C．They were required to separate beans. D．They feel very bored on weekends. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这52位研究对象被要求挑拣豆子，故选C项。 9．What does Paragraph 3 intend to show? A．Half an hour is long enough to create a work of art. B．People are more creative after being bored for a while. C．The hypothetical situation sparked people's imagination. D．The subjects performed excellently in the five-minute task. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段内容尤其是more creative ideas than the control group可知，本段旨在说明人们在无聊了一段时间后会更有创造力，故选B项。 10．What did the follow-up study find about boredom? A. It can cause anger and frustration. B．It does no harm to people's mental health. C．It makes people unsatisfied with their lives. D．It will disappear immediately after a short walk. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，后续研究发现，无聊对人们的心理健康没有伤害，故选B项。 11．According to Guihyun Park, where does people's creativity come from? A．Quick thinking. B．Continuous exploration. C．The state of being relaxed. D．The desire to get rid of boredom. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Guihyun Park认为人们的创造力来自想摆脱无聊的渴望，故选D项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Take It from Nature Scientists are borrowing ideas from nature to solve tough design problems. Japan's Shinkansen bullet train sped along the rails at lightning speed.　1　 To solve the train's noise trouble, Eiji Nakatsu, an engineer, looked to the kingfisher bird. Nakatsu noticed that the kingfisher could dive through the air and into the water with barely a splash(落水声)．The bird could do this because of its streamlined beak(流线型的喙)．Nakatsu suggested the train's nose be modeled after the beak.And then the loud noise was gone.　2　 “If you want the answer to a tough question, ask nature first.You'll find in the natural world an unbelievable library of solutions，” Nakatsu said. The science behind nature-inspired inventions is called biomimicry(仿生学)．　3　 Since she cofounded the Biomimicry Institute in 2006, she has worked with hundreds of companies to develop products based on nature. Scientist Brent Constantz was inspired by coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to create concrete that's better for the planet.Concrete, made up of cement and sand, is a top building material.The problem？Making one ton of concrete produces one ton of CO2. Constantz decided to borrow an idea from corals.When the tiny animals die, their bones form the foundation for colorful reefs.Saltwater mixes with CO2 to make these formations.To make his concrete, CO2 from power plants is mixed with saltwater.　4　 “This is a huge win for the planet，” says Constantz. The possibilities for copying nature are limitless.　5　 That amounts to thousands of lessons lost. “The more we learn from nature, the more we'll want to protect it，” says Constantz. A．But it makes a loud noise. B．It is used in bridges and miles upon miles of highways. C．The process actually removes polluting CO2 from the air. D．We have to fall in love with all these wonderful creatures. E．Trouble is, thousands of animals and plants die out each year. F．Scientist Janine Benyus is a longtime supporter of this branch of science. G．What's more, the new train travels 10% faster and uses 15% less electricity. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/科学与技术。本文为说明文，介绍了科学家是如何从大自然中获取灵感来进行科技创新的。 1.答案　A 解析　转折关系。A项中的noise在下文原词复现，故选A项。 2.答案　G 解析　递进关系。G项中的new train指代的是上文中的the train's nose be modeled after the beak。在对火车头进行改进后，不仅噪音消失了，火车的速度还得到了提升，所消耗的能源也相应得到减少，故选G项。 3.答案　F 解析　解释关系。空后一句是对F项内容的解释说明，this branch of science指代的是上文中的biomimicry，故选F项。 4.答案　C 解析　递进关系。C项中的removes polluting CO2 from the air与下文中的This is a huge win for the planet相呼应，下文中的this指代空处，故选C项。 5. 答案　E 解析　解释关系。空后一句是对E项中的thousands of animals and plants die out的进一步解释说明，故选E项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$