Unit1基础知识点背诵讲解2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 1 Friends 重要知识点讲解 Welcome to the unit 一、重点表达 some more food 更多的一些事物 something to drink 一些喝的 talk to sb 与某人谈话 an honest friend 一个诚实的朋友 keep secrets 保守秘密 share my joy 与我共享快乐 care about 关心，关怀 make me happy 使我快乐 believe what he says 相信他的话 have problems 遇到困难 二、Can I have something to drink? 我能吃点东西吗？ [点拨] 1.something to drink   一些喝的东西 something to eat     一些吃的东西 Is there anything to eat in the fridge? 冰箱里有什么吃的吗？ 2.something 通常用于肯定句和表示请求、建议的问句中，anything 常用于否定句、疑问句和表示强调的肯定句中。nothing在句中表示否定 = not anything --- Is there anything to eat in the fridge? --- No, there’s nothing to eat, but we have something to drink. 三、Can I have some more food?   我能再吃一些吗？ [点拨] some或数词 + more + 名词，表示在原基础又增加了一定数量。 Do we need some more water? 我们还需要水吗？ He wants to eat two more apples. 他还想多要两个苹果。 Reading 一、重点表达 one of my best friends 我最好的朋友之一 be willing/ready to help people any time 乐意在任何时候帮助人们 help me with my homework 帮助我解决我的家庭作业 give her seat on the bus to someone in need 在公交车上给需要的人们让座 almost 1.75metres 差不多1.75米 make him look smart 使他看起来很时髦 have a good sense of humour 很有幽默感 make me laugh 使我大笑 walk past the desks 经过我的课桌 knock our books and pens onto the floor把我的书和钢笔撞到地板上 say a bad word about说坏话 When something worries me,... 当有事情困扰我的时候…… keep a secret 保密 Max looks smart in his small round glasses. 马克斯带着他的小圆框眼镜，一副很机灵的样子。 二、Betty is one of my best friends. 贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一 [点拨] one of my best friends 我最要好的朋友之一 结构：one of  + one’s / the + 最高级 + 名复 The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是中国最长的河流之一。 三、She is willing to share things with her friends. 她乐于和朋友分享。 [点拨] be willing to do sth  “愿意做某事” = be ready to do sth.  May is always willing/ready to help her friends with their problems.梅总是乐意帮助朋友解决问题。 四、She helps me with my homework and … 她总是帮助我完成家庭作业。 [点拨] help sb. with sth. = help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做…… Do you often help your parents with house work? 你经常帮父母做家务吗? 五、She wants to be a singer when she grows up. 她长大之后想成为一名歌手。 [点拨] grow up  成长，长大 What would you like to do when you grow up? 六、She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need.  她总是在公共汽车上给有需要的人让座。 [点拨] give her seat to sb  =give sb. her seat 给某人让座 in need (正式,委婉) “处困境中” Lei Feng often helped those in need. 七、He tells funny jokes and … 他爱说笑话…… [点拨] tell jokes / lies / stories = tell sb.+ jokes/ lies/ stories 讲笑话/撒谎/说故事 八、When he walks past the desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor. 当他走过桌子时，他经常把我们的书和笔撞到地板上。 [点拨] 有关walk的短语：walk past… 路过/经过； walk through…  穿过/穿越； walk across…  横过 Grammar 一、形容词比较级、最高级的构成 1.一般在词尾加-er, -est。 如：tall - taller - tallest；long - longer - longest 2.以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r,-st。 如：fine - finer - finest；late - later - latest 3.重读闭音节词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加-er,-est。 如：big - bigger - biggest；thin - thinner - thinnest 4.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”再加-er, -est 。 如：easy - easier - easiest 5.多音节和部分双音节，在原级前加more, most。 如：interesting - more interesting - most interesting 6.不规则变化 good/well - better - best bad/ill - worse - worst little - less - least many/much - more - most far - farther/further - farthest/ furthest old - older/ elder -oldest/ eldest Integrated skills  一、重点表达 believe what she says相信她说的 something to drink喝的东西 kock the books onto the door把书撞到地上 a good sense of humour好的幽默感 someone in need有需要的人 a true friend 一个真朋友 say a bad word about sb. 说某人坏话 keep a secret保密 tell funny jokes 讲滑稽的笑话 one of my best friends我最好的朋友之一 二、讨论朋友的句型 A: Who is the boy …? B: Oh, this is … I think he looks …   A: Yes, I agree. B: He is  …  in my class. A: What’s he like? B: He’s …. He’d like to be … when he grows up. A: Who is the girl …? B: She’s… Task 一、重点表达 both……and 既是……又是 first meet sb 第一次遇见某人 bright smiling eyes 明亮的带着微笑的眼 make sb do sth. 使某人做某事 look kind 看起来很和蔼 have a smile on one’s face 脸上带着微笑 make an excellent teacher 成为一名出色的教师 a hard-working person 一个努力工作的人 work hard 努力工作 help sb with one’s homework 在功课上给我帮助 Unit 1 Friends 一、单项选择 1．—Did you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world? —Yes, I did. It’s much older than the U.S. A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道中国是最古老的国家之一吗？——是的，我知道。比美国还要古老得多。 考查形容词的最高级用法。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式表示“……之一”。故空格处用形容词最高级形式，且形容词最高级形式前加定冠词“the”。故选D。 2．—Did you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world? —Yes, I did. It’s much older than the U.S. A．old B．older C．the oldest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？——是的，我知道。它比美国要古老得多。 考查形容词最高级的用法。one of+the+最高级+可数名词复数表示“最……之一”。故选C。 3．—Mom, you are ________ taller than me now. —Well, you’ll be as tall as me soon. A．too B．much C．very D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你现在比我高许多。——是的，你很快就会和我一样高。 考查副词辨析。too也；much许多，修饰比较级；very非常；so因此。此空修饰比较级taller，四个选项中只有much可以修饰比较级，故选B。 4．—Do you know about the play Hamlet? —Yes. It’s one of Shakespeare’s ________ plays. A．most famous B．less famous C．more famous D．famous 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道戏剧《哈姆雷特》吗？——是的。这是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一。 考查形容词最高级。“one of sb’s+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“某人最……的……之一”，此处用最高级most famous。故选A。 5．Chinese government（政府）________ the poor people all the time. And all the poor people have had a happier and richer life so far. A．cares about B．takes cares C．cares of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国政府一直关心穷人。到目前为止，所有的穷人都过上了更幸福、更富裕的生活。 考查动词短语辨析。cares about关心；take cares照顾；cares of喜欢，转交。根据“Chinese government（政府）… the poor people all the time”可知，政府一直关心穷人，故选A。 6．In the following words, which underlined（划线的）letter has a different sound from the others? A．oven B．joke C．most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在下面的单词中，哪个带下划线的字母与其他字母的发音不同？ 考查元音字母的发音。oven/ˈʌv(ə)n/；joke/dʒəʊk/；most/məʊst/。BC两项划线部分发音是/əʊ/，故选A。 7．Chongqing is one of ________ most beautiful cities in China. I really love it. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：重庆是中国最美丽的城市之一，我真的很爱它。 考查冠词的固定用法。one of +the+形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”。故选C。 8．You’d better eat more fruit and vegetables, and less meat. You must ________ your health ________. A．take; seriously B．make; serious C．get; seriously 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好多吃水果和蔬菜，少吃肉。你必须认真对待你的健康。 考查动词辨析。take拿；make制作；get得到；seriously认真地。take…seriously表示“认真对待”，此处指认真对待你的健康。故选A。 9．—Does my question sound ________ enough? —I don’t think so. You can ask more ________ by using “Could” instead of “Can”. A．polite; politely B．politely; impolitely C．impolitely; polite D．polite; impolitely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的问题听起来有礼貌吗？——我不这么认为。你可以用“could”而不是“can”更礼貌地询问。 考查形容词和副词的用法。polite礼貌的，是一个形容词；politely有礼貌地，副词。第一个空前“sound”意为“听起来”，是系动词，后跟形容词作表语；第二个空修饰动词“ask”，应用副词。故选A。 10．— Would you mind selling your old gold watch for our new house, Darling? —Oh, I can’t, because it was a gift from my father, I’ll never ________it A．part with B．look after C．care about D．clear out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——亲爱的，你介意为我们的新房子卖掉你的旧金表吗？——哦，我不能，因为这是我父亲送的礼物，我永远不会舍弃它。 考查短语辨析。part with舍弃；look after照顾；care about关心；clear out清理。根据“because it was a gift from my father”可知，这里表示不会舍弃手表。故选A。 二、完形填空 Friends are very important in people’s lives. Some friends have ____11____ views and interests, and ___12___ like the same things. Should friends be different ____13____ the same? In my opinion, I don’t care. I have two best friends, Wang Lei and Lin Ying. Wang Lei ____14____ like me. I am ____15____ than most of the students in my class, and Wang Lei is also quiet. And we both enjoy ____16____. On weekends, we often go to the library to do some reading. But the other friend of mine, Lin Ying, is ____17____ different from me. She is much more outgoing, and she likes ____18____ and often makes me laugh. She also likes ____19____, so she is more athletic. I don’t think differences are important in a _____20_____. What’s your opinion? 11．A．same B．different C．active D．free 12．A．others B．another C．other D．the other 13．A．and B．but C．or D．then 14．A．isn’t B．doesn’t C．does D．is 15．A．quiet B．quieter C．outgoing D．more outgoing 16．A．reading books B．playing games C．watching TV D．seeing films 17．A．not B．more C．quite D．lots of 18．A．doing sports B．telling jokes C．going to parties D．going shopping 19．A．sports B．books C．movies D．subjects 20．A．match B．concert C．family D．friendship 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者就朋友之间应该性格相近还是有差异陈述了自己的看法。 11．句意：一些朋友有不同的观点和兴趣，而另一些人喜欢相同的东西。 same相同的；different不同的；active活跃的；free空闲的。根据下文“and others like the same things”可知，此处说的是相反的情形，即一些朋友有不同的观点和兴趣。故选B。 12．句意：一些朋友有不同的观点和兴趣，而另一些人喜欢相同的东西。 others其他人（或事）；another又一；other其他的；the other（两者中）另一个。根据上文“Some friends have different views and interests”可知，空格处应填代词“其他人”作主语，故选A。 13．句意：朋友应该是不同的还是相同的？ and和；but但是；or或者；then然后。空格前后“different”和“same”为并列结构，且该句为一般疑问句，故应用or表达“和”的概念。故选C。 14．句意：王磊和我很像。 isn’t不是；doesn’t助动词do第三人称单数否定形式；does助动词do第三人称单数形式；is是。根据下文“I am quieter than most of the students in my class, and Wang Lei is also quiet”可知，作者和王磊很像，be like意为“像”，故选D。 15．句意：我比班上大多数学生都更安静，王磊也很安静。 quiet安静的；quieter更安静的；outgoing外向的；more outgoing更外向的。根据下文“than”和“and Wang Lei is also quiet”可知，作者比班上大多数学生都更安静。故选B。 16．句意：我们都喜欢读书。 reading books读书；playing games玩游戏；watching TV看电视；seeing films看电影。根据下文“On weekends, we often go to the library to do some reading”可知，作者和王磊周末经常去图书馆读书，说明他们很喜欢读书。故选A。 17．句意：但我的另一个朋友林英与我完全不同。 not不；more更多；quite很；lots of许多。根据下文“She is much more outgoing”可知，另一个朋友林英与作者的性格有很大的不同，故选C。 18．句意：她更外向，她喜欢讲笑话，经常让我发笑。 doing sports做运动；telling jokes讲笑话；going to parties参加聚会；going shopping购物。根据下文“and often makes me laugh”可知，林英喜欢讲笑话逗笑作者。故选B。 19．句意：她也喜欢运动，所以她更健壮。 sports运动；books书；movies电影；subjects科目。根据下文“so she is more athletic”可知，她很健壮是因为喜欢运动。故选A。 20．句意：我认为在一段友谊中差异并不重要。 match比赛；concert演唱会；family家庭；friendship友谊。根据原文“Friends are very important in people’s lives”可知，本文是一篇议论文，作者就朋友之间应该性格相近还是有差异陈述了自己的看法。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$