9A Unit 4 Growing up Grammar～Task知识点讲义-2024-2025学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册讲义

9A Unit 4 Growing up Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 Grammar 1. 每天早上去慢跑 2. 感到筋疲力尽 3. 收到我叔叔的一个电话 4. 痴迷于踢足球 5. 在操场上打篮球 6. 曾在NBA打球的最好的中国球员 7. 他职业生涯中最好的时刻 8. 在和亚特兰大老鹰队的一场比赛中获得41分 9. 无论何时需要他，他都会回到中国。 10. 参加奥运会 11. 作为中国的运动员之一 12. 结束他的篮球生涯 13. 做更多的慈善工作 14. 特别是为贫困的中国青少年 Integrated skills & study skills 1. 第二次世界大战于1939年在欧洲爆发，1945年结束。 2. 在战争中失去性命 3. 一个叫做安妮的女孩 4. 把这本书翻译成20种语言 5. 那个时代的记录 6. 人类精神胜利的象征 7. 一个犹太人 8. 藏到她爸爸的办公室里 9. 一个纳粹集中营 10. 死于疾病 11. 出版了她的日记 12. 德国纳粹分子 13. 被迫搬到另一个国家 14. 他们被抓并被关进了纳粹集中营。 15. 写下她的想法、感受、希望和对未来的梦想 16. 一个关于12岁男孩的故事 17. 一个年轻的无家可归的男孩 18. 在战争中幸存下来 19. 钦佩这些孩子的勇气 20. 他们不能像我们一样享受幸福的生活是一种遗憾。 21. 生活在和平中 22. 生活在为他们的生命安全而担忧的生活里 Task 1. 在某人五十多岁的时候 2. 在当地一家工厂工作了数年 3. 直到你了解更多，你才会发现他不同寻常的事情。 4. 那些丧失父母的孩子 5. 无论何时，只要他有一些余钱，他都会把钱捐给需要的人。 6. 他捐的血足够挽救70多个人的生命。 7. 捐造血干细胞给患有血癌的人 8. 使某人惊讶的是 9. 死后捐献遗体供医学研究 10. 似乎对别人比对他自己的家人更加友善 11. 充满爱心 12. 影响我最大的人 13. 你认为……怎么样？ 知识梳理 1. …he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks,… against作介词，表示“与…相反，反对”，它的反义词是for，表示“赞成” 如：你对此事是反对呢还是赞成呢？ Are you against it or for it? 练一练：Mr Wang is strongly_________keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. A. up B. for C. against D. down 2. He took part in the Olympics in 2004 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. take part in表示“参加” 【辨析】join, take part in, join in join强调加入党派、团体，成为其中一员；也可以表示“加入到某人中去” 如：你何时入党的？ When did you join the party? 我们要去滑冰，你要加入我们吗？ We are going skating. Will you join us? take part in强调参加某项活动，并在其中起一定的作用。 如：老师参与到我们的讨论中来了。 The teacher took part in our discussion. join in也情调参加某项活动，但通常强调加入某项正在进行的活动。 jion sb in doing sth表示“加入某人一起做某事” 如：让我加入吧！ Let me join in! 他加入到他们中一起去玩了。 He joined them in playing. 练一练：Many young people part in _________trees on Tree Planting Day. playing B.plants C.to plant D.plant 3. break out 表示“（战争，火灾等）爆发” 如：他预言说战争将要爆发。 He prophesied that a war would break out. 【固定搭配】break down 坏了；break into 破门而入；break up 打碎，拆散，分裂，分解；break into pieces破成碎片；break the law/rule违反法律/规章制度。 练一练：He was late for the meeting because his car _____________________ halfway 4. die 作动词，表示“死”。 如：我爷爷在86岁时去世了。 My grandfather died at the age of 86 die 是短暂性动词，意为“死亡”。 在句中作谓语。 dead 是形容词，意为“死的”。 表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 dying 意为“要死的”。 在句中可作定语 death 是名词，意思是“死亡”。 在句中可作主语 【注意】表示死的原因，die后既可接介词of。也可接from，两者的区别是： (1) 若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因），一般用介词of。 die of illness(heart trouble，cancer，a fever，etc.)死于疾病（心脏病，癌症，发烧等） (2) 若死因不是存在人体之上或之内，而是由环境造成的（主要指事故等方面的外部原因），一般用介词from。 die from an earthquake（a traffic accident，a lighting，etc.）死于地震（交通事故，雷击等） (3) 若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则用of，from均可。 die of/from a drink（a wound，overwork，starvation and cold，etc.）死于饮酒（受伤，劳累过度，饥饿和寒冷等） 5. German 作形容词，表示“德国（人）的”。 【拓展】German还可作名词，表示“德国人”，其复数形式是Germans；表示“德国”用Germany 练一练：—Are there any _________ in your school —Yes, there are. A. Germen B. Germans C. German D. Germany 6. thought 作名词，想法，看法，主意。其复数为thoughts 如：那个男孩儿坐在那里，陷入沉思。 The boy sat there, deep in thought. 他突然有了主意，“你为什么不和我一起来呢？” He had a sudden thought，“Why don’t you come with me?” 7. courage 作名词，表示“勇气”。 如：我觉得我没有勇气告诉他这个坏消息。 I don’t think I have the courage to tell him the bad news. 8. peace 作名词，表示“和睦；和平；安宁”。 【拓展】其形容词形式是peaceful，表示“平静的”；副词形式是peacefully，表示“平静地”。 9. in fear of one’s life 表示“为生命安全担忧”，期中的fear表示“担心，害怕”，life表示“生命”。 如：一想到还要回去，他心里就害怕。 The thought of returning filled him with fear. 10. “in one’s + 整十的数词的复数” 表示处于相应的年龄段 in one’s fifties ,“在某人五十几岁时” in one’s teens “在某人十多岁时” in one’s __ ________/_________/_________ “在某人二十几岁/三十几岁/四十几岁…时. 练一练：After working hard for years, Jim became the CEO of a company in his____________ (fifty). 【拓展】in the 1980s “在二十世纪八十年代” 读成: in the nineteen eighties “在二十世纪九十年代” 写成：_____________ 读成:_________ 11. to one’s surprise 意为：“使某人惊讶的是”　　 to one’s great surprise__________ to one’s joy ______________ 【拓展】in surprise “惊讶地” 练一练：令我们很惊讶的是，她居然按时到达了， _______ ________ _______ _______, she arrived there on time. 例题精讲 一、词汇。 A) 根据句意及所给中文提示、英文解释或首字母，写出句中所缺单词。 1. It’s (not usual or common ) for the trees to flower so early . 2. The present filled his wife with (惊奇) . 3. The dog’s (the end of the life) made her very sad. 4. He spent his spare time doing _____________ (研究) in Moscow . 5. My mother is the person who has i ___________ me most. B) 根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The woman seems to be in her ________________ (forty). 2. You have some pocket money _______________ (leave). 3. We can’t afford (buy) a new house. 4. I’m sure that you’ve made a wrong (decide). 5. The blood my brother has donated is enough (save) at least 20 lives. 6. — Did you hear anything (usual) in the next door ? — No , I was chatting online with friends . 二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。 1. 我爸爸四十多岁。 My father is _________ _________ _________ . 2. 吴老师是对我影响最深的人。 Mr Wu is the person ______ _________ _________ most . 3. 让我们惊讶的是，约翰解决了这个问题。 _______ ________ _______ , John has worked out the problem . 4. 自1990年以来，我爸爸已捐过许多次钱了。 My father _________ ____________ money _________ __________ since 1990 . 语法精讲 一、before、after、when和while引导的时间状语从句。 1. before“在……之前”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 如：在你离开房间之前，请关上窗户。 Close the window before you leave the room, please. 2. after“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 如：我吃完早饭后去上学。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 3. when“当……时”，表示主句动作发生的特定时间。（when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续的也可以是瞬时性的） 如：春天到来时，白天变长了。 The day get longer when spring comes. 4. while“当……时”，强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。（while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续的） 如：我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 5. while“在……期间”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。 如：当男孩子们踢足球的时候，下雨了。 While the boys were playing football, it rained. 【注意】在when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，可以省略主语和be动词，构成when/ while+ing结构。 如：她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help. 旅游时我喜欢买纪念品。 While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 二、since、till和until引导的时间状语从句 1. since“自从……以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 如：他们从小学起就一直是好朋友。 They have been friends since they were at primary school. 2. till和until“到……为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换。Until可以放在句首或句中，而till不可以用在句首。 【注意】如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式，即“not…until”结构，“直到……才（开始）”。 如：一直走到你看到一座白房子为止。 Walk till/ until you see a white house. 直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。 I did not go to bed until I finished my homework. 三、as soon as和whenever引导的时间状语从句 1. as soon as “一……就” 如：我们一到那里就开始工作。 We began to work as soon as we got there. 【注意】在as soon as 引导的时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即遵循主将从现原则，类似的用法还有when以及引导条件状语从句的if和unless。 如：你一到上海就要给我打电话。 You will call me as soon as you arrive in Shanghai. 2. whenever“每当；任何时候”（whenever可以用every time替换） 如：每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 例题精讲 单项选择 1. Please hold on to your dream__________ one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 2. —Always look around_________ you cross the street, David. —OK, I know, mom. A. until B. before C. unless D. as soon as 3. __________I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although 4. You’d better make a good plan___________you take a holiday. A. before B. during C. until D. after 5. —Jimmy, it’s time to go to bed. —Oh, I won’t do that________ I finish my homework. A. if B. until C. after D. when 6. —The local living conditions(条件）have improved a lot_________China set up the city of Sansha. —And more and more people would like to go there for business. A. before B. when C. since D. after 7. Amy was reading a book_________ I came in. A. when B. while C. because D. though 8. I’ll probably stay with my friends___________ I get my own place to live in. A. before B. when C. after D. because 9. Eddie was sleeping__________ Millie was reading a magazine. A. until B. while C. before D. after 10. __________the great teacher Zhang Lili was in hospital, many people hoped she would get better soon. A. If B. Until C. Before D. After 11. —Why didn’t you try your best to get on the subway? —I tried to, but it started moving__________I could get on it. A. before B. after C. since D. if 12. They didn’t go to bed__________the work was finished. A. when B. while C.until D. after 13. ____________I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends. A. While B.Although C. Unless D. Until 14. —When shall we leave for China? —We won’t___________ we have visited all the places of interest here. A. until B. while C. as D. Since 15. The bus driver always says to us, “Don’t got off__________the bus stops.” A. when B. while C. until D. if 写作专项 本单元的写作项目是介绍最影响你的一个人或者介绍一个名人，写此类文章时，可遵循一下步骤： 1点题：在你成长过程中谁对你影响最大。 2简介：该人的基本信息，如姓名，性别，称呼，年龄及职业等。 3描述：对你影响最大的人的外貌及个性特点。 4重点介绍：说明他的与众不同。并举例证明 5感受：写出你对你影响最大的人的看法，包括过去和现在。 注意点： 人称：he或she 时态：介绍基本信息用一般现在时，介绍过去的事，用一般过去时，介绍过去的事对现在的影响用现在完成时。 请以“The person who has influenced me most”为题，写一篇90字的短文。(范文省) 提示：我的祖父在他70多岁时去世。他已经去世好多年了，但我还不时地想起他。 祖父出生于二十世纪三十年代，他虽然是个普通人(an ordinary person),但他却能使周围的人开心。他乐于帮助他人，经常在邻居们不在家时帮助他们照看小孩。还经常种花送给邻居们。祖父喜爱写作，他告诉我写作能使人感到平静，并给人带来乐趣(pleasure)。他一辈子坚持为报刊杂志写文章，用这种方法，他与尽可能多的人分享他的经历。他也教我如何写好一篇文章。在他的书房里有许多书，他说读好书能帮助我们更多地了解世界。我从祖父那儿学到了许多，我永远不会忘记他。 The person who has influenced me most ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课堂练习 一、用 before， after，when， while，since，till，until， as soon as，whenever填空： 1. Henry is always in charge of(负责) the office_____________ Mr. Smith is away. 2. I listen to the recorder ______________I have time 3. He had learned some Chinese ____________he came to China. 4. _____________ the work was done, we sat down to sum up(总结) experience. 5. I haven’t seen him ______________ he moved to the other side of the town 6. I waited _______________ he came back. 7. ____________he took off his eyeglasses, I didn’t recognize (认出) him. 8. He cleans his office first________________ she starts to work. 9. The thieves(小偷) ran away _______________they caught sight of (看见)the police. 10. They decided to go back home _____________ their money ran out. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. Snow is an _____________ (usual) sight (景色)in this warm place 2. The sudden _________________ (die) of the superstar made his fans very sad 3. he man seems to be in his ________________（thirty） 4. Yesterday three______________ (Germany) came to my school for a visit. 5. He _____________ (success) in getting the chance to go abroad at last. 6. To my ___________（surprised），there are only seven bones in a giraffe’s neck. 7. No team invited him _______________ (simple) because he was too short. 8. We admired him for his great ________________(achieve) in literature(文学). 9. He had to sit in the stands because of his _______________ (high). 10. After she died, her father had her diary _________________ (publish). 课堂小结 课后作业 一、词汇检测 1．In the biology class，we are taught how the_________(细胞)of the plants change． 2．The children were burnt to__________(死亡)in the big fire． 3．It’s_________(不寻常的)for the little boy to get up so early．What’s up? 4．I’ve done some__________(调查)to find㈨the cheapest way of travelling there． 5．In 1991，Hepburn discovered that she had____________(癌症). 6．He gave me a___________(吃惊的事)by arriving without telling me． 7．The general manager is strongly___________(反对)the project． 8．I asked her a question but she___________(保持不变)silent． 9．一When did World War II_________out? 一In 1939． 10．一Lucy’s father’s__________is really a big blow(打击)to her． 一Yes．Now she only has Mum．We should spend more time cheering her up． 11．When is China’s__________day? It’s October 1st．We usually have 7 days off to celebrate it． 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. After the war, her father collected her diary and had it_______ (publish). 2. We needn't go in such a hurry. We still have thirty minutes_______ (leave). 3. It is_______ (usual) to see snow in this tropical（热带的）region. 4. He_______ (realize) his dream when he passed the entrance examination. 5. They used to_______ (donation) much money to the Red Cross every year. 6. The timely_______ (medicine) treatment prevented the disease from spreading. 三、单项选择 ( )1. My watch doesn't work. I must have it_______ tomorrow. A. repaired B. to repaired C. repairing D. repair ( )2. We can easily become unhappy_______ we work out our problems in our daily life. A. after B. if C. until D. unless ( )3. The boss kept them_______ all day and all night. A. work B. worked C. to work D. working ( )4. After a hard day's work, I felt tired out to_______. A. dead B. dying C. die D. death ( )5. Which sentence of the following is NOT right? A. The young men over there are all Romans. B. Many Germans will come to our company next year. C. Wolves will not usually attack humans. D. The headmaster showed some Frenchmens around our school. ( )6. Which of the following words is NOT a compound word? A. afternoon B. keyboard C. unless D. worldwide 四、完形填空 Growing up is not always easy. When we face difficulties, a spirit of depending on 1 is more useful than crying for help. That’s what Hong Zhanhui’s story of growing from boy to man 2 family hardship tells us. Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County(县), Henan Province. When he was only 11, his father became badly ill and one day he came back with an unwanted baby 3 . A year later, Hong’s mother 4 home. She no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husband. So everything hard fell onto the young boy’s 5 . To take care of his father and the younger sister Chenchen, and to go on to study. Although his life was hard, Hong didn’t go away from his father and sister. He took several part-time jobs to 6 his family. He climbed tall trees to get birds’ eggs for his sister. He walked 2 hours at weekends to the market to 7 different things to sell around his school. A few years later, he studied at a college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to 8 a room near his college for her, and sent her to school. After Hong’s story went 9 , he became a hero in people’s eyes. But Hong ___10___ offers from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work. Through his hard life, he has grown up from boy to man. ( ) 1. A. parents B. friends C. yourself D. God ( ) 2. A. out of B. into C. without D. with ( ) 3. A. dog B. cat C. girl D. boy ( ) 4. A. left B. arrived C. went D. came ( ) 5. A. back B. shoulders C. head D. body ( ) 6. A. help B. save C. protect D. feed ( ) 7. A. make B. buy C. produce D. collect ( ) 8. A. build B. borrow C. rent D. share ( ) 9. A. public B. clear C. by D. far ( ) 10. A. accepted B. asked C. received D. refused 五、阅读理解 Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from different places around the world. Tourists and travelers often get to try some unfamiliar food. That is part of the fun of traveling. Here are four people’s experiences with foreign food. David King is a Chinese student in France. “I never had cheese or even milk before I came to France. Cows are seldom seen in my part of China. So there is no milk or milk products. I drank some milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it! I tried cheese, too, but I didn’t like it. I love ice cream, though that’s made from milk.” Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vocation. “I was in a restaurant that was special in fish. I heard some other people order flake, so I ordered some, too. It was delicious! Later, I learned that flakes is an Australian name for shark. Now, whenever I see a new food, I try it on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake.” Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She is from India. “ I’m afraid to try new foods because maybe there is beef in them. I’m a Hindu(印度教信徒)and my religion(信仰) stops me from eating meat from the cow. That’s why I can’t eat hamburgers or noodles with meatballs.” Nathan is from the United States. He taught for a year in China. “My friend gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn’t like their appearance at all. The eggs were green inside, but my friends said the color was normal. Chinese people put something on fresh eggs. Then they put them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren’t really very old. Even so, I didn’t want to touch them.” 1. David King is a student in France and he comes from________. A .China B. Sweden C .India D. America 2.Birgit ordered _____in a restaurant during her vocation in Australia. A . cheese B. eggs C . hamburgers D. flake 3.Chandra is afraid to try new foods because_________. A .she can’t eat food with beef B. she doesn’t like their appearance C .she doesn’t like foreign food D. she doesn’t need any food at all 4.Nathan worked as _______ in China for a year. A . a worker B. a dentist C .a teacher D. a student 5.The passage tells us that ___________. A .David King often drinks milk B. flake and shark are the same fish C .a Hindu eats meat from the cow D. the egg is put in the earth for a hundred years 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 9A Unit 4 Growing up Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 Grammar 1. go jogging every morning 每天早上去慢跑 2. feel tired out 感到筋疲力尽 3. receive a call from my uncle 收到我叔叔的一个电话 4. be crazy about playing football 痴迷于踢足球 5. play basketball in the playground 在操场上打篮球 6. the best Chinese player to ever play in the NBA 曾在NBA打球的最好的中国球员 7. the best moment in his career 他职业生涯中最好的时刻 8. score 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks 在和亚特兰大老鹰队的一场比赛中获得41分 9. He returned to China whenever he was needed. 无论何时需要他，他都会回到中国。 10. take part in the Olympics 参加奥运会 11. as one of the Chinese athletes 作为中国的运动员之一 12. end his basketball career 结束他的篮球生涯 13. do more charity work 做更多的慈善工作 14. especially for poor Chinese teenagers 特别是为贫困的中国青少年 Integrated skills & study skills 1. World war II broke out in Europe in 1939 and ended in 1945. 第二次世界大战于1939年在欧洲爆发，1945年结束。 2. lose one’s life during the war 在战争中失去性命 3. a girl named Anne 一个叫做安妮的女孩 4. translate the book into 20 languages 把这本书翻译成20种语言 5. a record of that time 那个时代的记录 6. a symbol of the victory of the human spirit 人类精神胜利的象征 7. a Jew 一个犹太人 8. go into hiding in her father’s office 藏到她爸爸的办公室里 9. a Nazi camp 一个纳粹集中营 10. die of illness 死于疾病 11. have her diary published 出版了她的日记 12. the German Nazis 德国纳粹分子 13. be forced to move to another country 被迫搬到另一个国家 14. They were caught and sent to a Nazi camp. 他们被抓并被关进了纳粹集中营。 15. write down her thoughts, her feelings, her hopes and her dreams for the future 写下她的想法、感受、希望和对未来的梦想 16. a story about a 12-year-old boy 一个关于12岁男孩的故事 17. a young homeless boy 一个年轻的无家可归的男孩 18. survive the war 在战争中幸存下来 19. admire these children for their courage 钦佩这些孩子的勇气 20. It’s a pity that they couldn’t enjoy a happy life just as we do. 他们不能像我们一样享受幸福的生活是一种遗憾。 21. live in peace 生活在和平中 22. live in fear of their lives 生活在为他们的生命安全而担忧的生活里 Task 1. in one’s fifties 在某人五十多岁的时候 2. work in a local factory for years 在当地一家工厂工作了数年 3. You will not find anything unusual about him until you learn more. 直到你了解更多，你才会发现他不同寻常的事情。 4. the children who have lost their parents 那些丧失父母的孩子 5. Whenever he has some money left, he gives it to someone in need. 无论何时，只要他有一些余钱，他都会把钱捐给需要的人。 6. The blood he has donated is enough to save over 70 lives. 他捐的血足够挽救70多个人的生命。 7. donate blood cells to people with blood cancer 捐造血干细胞给患有血癌的人 8. to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是 9. donate his body for medical research after his death 死后捐献遗体供医学研究 10. seem to be kinder to others than to his own family 似乎对别人比对他自己的家人更加友善 11. a heart full of love 充满爱心 12. the person who has influenced me most 影响我最大的人 13. what do you think of… 你认为……怎么样？ 知识梳理 1. …he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks,… against作介词，表示“与…相反，反对”，它的反义词是for，表示“赞成” 如：你对此事是反对呢还是赞成呢？ Are you against it or for it? 练一练：Mr Wang is strongly_________keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. A. up B. for C. against D. down 【解析】C 2. He took part in the Olympics in 2004 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. take part in表示“参加” 【辨析】join, take part in, join in join强调加入党派、团体，成为其中一员；也可以表示“加入到某人中去” 如：你何时入党的？ When did you join the party? 我们要去滑冰，你要加入我们吗？ We are going skating. Will you join us? take part in强调参加某项活动，并在其中起一定的作用。 如：老师参与到我们的讨论中来了。 The teacher took part in our discussion. join in也情调参加某项活动，但通常强调加入某项正在进行的活动。 jion sb in doing sth表示“加入某人一起做某事” 如：让我加入吧！ Let me join in! 他加入到他们中一起去玩了。 He joined them in playing. 练一练：Many young people part in _________trees on Tree Planting Day. playing B.plants C.to plant D.plant 【解析】A 3. break out 表示“（战争，火灾等）爆发” 如：他预言说战争将要爆发。 He prophesied that a war would break out. 【固定搭配】break down 坏了；break into 破门而入；break up 打碎，拆散，分裂，分解；break into pieces破成碎片；break the law/rule违反法律/规章制度。 练一练：He was late for the meeting because his car _____________________ halfway （答案）broke down 4. die 作动词，表示“死”。 如：我爷爷在86岁时去世了。 My grandfather died at the age of 86 die 是短暂性动词，意为“死亡”。 在句中作谓语。 dead 是形容词，意为“死的”。 表示状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用 dying 意为“要死的”。 在句中可作定语 death 是名词，意思是“死亡”。 在句中可作主语 【注意】表示死的原因，die后既可接介词of。也可接from，两者的区别是： (1) 若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因），一般用介词of。 die of illness(heart trouble，cancer，a fever，etc.)死于疾病（心脏病，癌症，发烧等） (2) 若死因不是存在人体之上或之内，而是由环境造成的（主要指事故等方面的外部原因），一般用介词from。 die from an earthquake（a traffic accident，a lighting，etc.）死于地震（交通事故，雷击等） (3) 若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则用of，from均可。 die of/from a drink（a wound，overwork，starvation and cold，etc.）死于饮酒（受伤，劳累过度，饥饿和寒冷等） 5. German 作形容词，表示“德国（人）的”。 【拓展】German还可作名词，表示“德国人”，其复数形式是Germans；表示“德国”用Germany 练一练：—Are there any _________ in your school —Yes, there are. A. Germen B. Germans C. German D. Germany （答案）B 6. thought 作名词，想法，看法，主意。其复数为thoughts 如：那个男孩儿坐在那里，陷入沉思。 The boy sat there, deep in thought. 他突然有了主意，“你为什么不和我一起来呢？” He had a sudden thought，“Why don’t you come with me?” 7. courage 作名词，表示“勇气”。 如：我觉得我没有勇气告诉他这个坏消息。 I don’t think I have the courage to tell him the bad news. 8. peace 作名词，表示“和睦；和平；安宁”。 【拓展】其形容词形式是peaceful，表示“平静的”；副词形式是peacefully，表示“平静地”。 9. in fear of one’s life 表示“为生命安全担忧”，期中的fear表示“担心，害怕”，life表示“生命”。 如：一想到还要回去，他心里就害怕。 The thought of returning filled him with fear. 10. “in one’s + 整十的数词的复数” 表示处于相应的年龄段 in one’s fifties ,“在某人五十几岁时” in one’s teens “在某人十多岁时” in one’s __ twenties________/____thirties_____/__forties_______ “在某人二十几岁/三十几岁/四十几岁…时. 练一练：After working hard for years, Jim became the CEO of a company in his___fifties_________ (fifty). 【拓展】in the 1980s “在二十世纪八十年代” 读成: in the nineteen eighties “在二十世纪九十年代” 写成：___in the 1990s__________ 读成:___in the nineteen nineties______ 11. to one’s surprise 意为：“使某人惊讶的是”　　 to one’s great surprise__使某人很吃惊的是________ to one’s joy ___使某人快乐的是___________ 【拓展】in surprise “惊讶地” 练一练：令我们很惊讶的是，她居然按时到达了， __To_____ ___our_____ ___great____ _surprise______, she arrived there on time. 例题精讲 一、词汇。 A) 根据句意及所给中文提示、英文解释或首字母，写出句中所缺单词。 1. It’s (not usual or common ) for the trees to flower so early . 2. The present filled his wife with (惊奇) . 3. The dog’s (the end of the life) made her very sad. 4. He spent his spare time doing _____________ (研究) in Moscow . 5. My mother is the person who has i ___________ me most. B) 根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The woman seems to be in her ________________ (forty). 2. You have some pocket money _______________ (leave). 3. We can’t afford (buy) a new house. 4. I’m sure that you’ve made a wrong (decide). 5. The blood my brother has donated is enough (save) at least 20 lives. 6. — Did you hear anything (usual) in the next door ? — No , I was chatting online with friends . 二、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。 1. 我爸爸四十多岁。 My father is _________ _________ _________ . 2. 吴老师是对我影响最深的人。 Mr Wu is the person ______ _________ _________ most . 3. 让我们惊讶的是，约翰解决了这个问题。 _______ ________ _______ , John has worked out the problem . 4. 自1990年以来，我爸爸已捐过许多次钱了。 My father _________ ____________ money _________ __________ since 1990 . 一、A1.unusual 2.surprise 3.death 4.researches 5.influenced B 1.forties 2.left.3.to buy 4.decision 5.to save 二、1.in his forties 2.who influences me 3.To my surprise 4.has donated many times 语法精讲 一、before、after、when和while引导的时间状语从句。 1. before“在……之前”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 如：在你离开房间之前，请关上窗户。 Close the window before you leave the room, please. 2. after“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 如：我吃完早饭后去上学。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 3. when“当……时”，表示主句动作发生的特定时间。（when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续的也可以是瞬时性的） 如：春天到来时，白天变长了。 The day get longer when spring comes. 4. while“当……时”，强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。（while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续的） 如：我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 5. while“在……期间”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。 如：当男孩子们踢足球的时候，下雨了。 While the boys were playing football, it rained. 【注意】在when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有be动词时，可以省略主语和be动词，构成when/ while+ing结构。 如：她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help. 旅游时我喜欢买纪念品。 While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 二、since、till和until引导的时间状语从句 1. since“自从……以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 如：他们从小学起就一直是好朋友。 They have been friends since they were at primary school. 2. till和until“到……为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换。Until可以放在句首或句中，而till不可以用在句首。 【注意】如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式，即“not…until”结构，“直到……才（开始）”。 如：一直走到你看到一座白房子为止。 Walk till/ until you see a white house. 直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。 I did not go to bed until I finished my homework. 三、as soon as和whenever引导的时间状语从句 1. as soon as “一……就” 如：我们一到那里就开始工作。 We began to work as soon as we got there. 【注意】在as soon as 引导的时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即遵循主将从现原则，类似的用法还有when以及引导条件状语从句的if和unless。 如：你一到上海就要给我打电话。 You will call me as soon as you arrive in Shanghai. 2. whenever“每当；任何时候”（whenever可以用every time替换） 如：每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 例题精讲 单项选择 1. Please hold on to your dream__________ one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 2. —Always look around_________ you cross the street, David. —OK, I know, mom. A. until B. before C. unless D. as soon as 3. __________I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. A. When B. Before C. Since D. Although 4. You’d better make a good plan___________you take a holiday. A. before B. during C. until D. after 5. —Jimmy, it’s time to go to bed. —Oh, I won’t do that________ I finish my homework. A. if B. until C. after D. when 6. —The local living conditions(条件）have improved a lot_________China set up the city of Sansha. —And more and more people would like to go there for business. A. before B. when C. since D. after 7. Amy was reading a book_________ I came in. A. when B. while C. because D. though 8. I’ll probably stay with my friends___________ I get my own place to live in. A. before B. when C. after D. because 9. Eddie was sleeping__________ Millie was reading a magazine. A. until B. while C. before D. after 10. __________the great teacher Zhang Lili was in hospital, many people hoped she would get better soon. A. If B. Until C. Before D. After 11. —Why didn’t you try your best to get on the subway? —I tried to, but it started moving__________I could get on it. A. before B. after C. since D. if 12. They didn’t go to bed__________the work was finished. A. when B. while C.until D. after 13. ____________I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends. A. While B.Although C. Unless D. Until 14. —When shall we leave for China? —We won’t___________ we have visited all the places of interest here. A. until B. while C. as D. Since 15. The bus driver always says to us, “Don’t got off__________the bus stops.” A. when B. while C. until D. if 1-5 BBAAB 6-10 CAABD 11-15ACAAC 写作专项 本单元的写作项目是介绍最影响你的一个人或者介绍一个名人，写此类文章时，可遵循一下步骤： 1点题：在你成长过程中谁对你影响最大。 2简介：该人的基本信息，如姓名，性别，称呼，年龄及职业等。 3描述：对你影响最大的人的外貌及个性特点。 4重点介绍：说明他的与众不同。并举例证明 5感受：写出你对你影响最大的人的看法，包括过去和现在。 注意点： 人称：he或she 时态：介绍基本信息用一般现在时，介绍过去的事，用一般过去时，介绍过去的事对现在的影响用现在完成时。 请以“The person who has influenced me most”为题，写一篇90字的短文。(范文省) 提示：我的祖父在他70多岁时去世。他已经去世好多年了，但我还不时地想起他。 祖父出生于二十世纪三十年代，他虽然是个普通人(an ordinary person),但他却能使周围的人开心。他乐于帮助他人，经常在邻居们不在家时帮助他们照看小孩。还经常种花送给邻居们。祖父喜爱写作，他告诉我写作能使人感到平静，并给人带来乐趣(pleasure)。他一辈子坚持为报刊杂志写文章，用这种方法，他与尽可能多的人分享他的经历。他也教我如何写好一篇文章。在他的书房里有许多书，他说读好书能帮助我们更多地了解世界。我从祖父那儿学到了许多，我永远不会忘记他。 The person who has influenced me most ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 课堂练习 一、用 before， after，when， while，since，till，until， as soon as，whenever填空： 1. Henry is always in charge of(负责) the office_____________ Mr. Smith is away. 2. I listen to the recorder ______________I have time 3. He had learned some Chinese ____________he came to China. 4. _____________ the work was done, we sat down to sum up(总结) experience. 5. I haven’t seen him ______________ he moved to the other side of the town 6. I waited _______________ he came back. 7. ____________he took off his eyeglasses, I didn’t recognize (认出) him. 8. He cleans his office first________________ she starts to work. 9. The thieves(小偷) ran away _______________they caught sight of (看见)the police. 10. They decided to go back home _____________ their money ran out. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. Snow is an _____________ (usual) sight (景色)in this warm place 2. The sudden _________________ (die) of the superstar made his fans very sad 3. he man seems to be in his ________________（thirty） 4. Yesterday three______________ (Germany) came to my school for a visit. 5. He _____________ (success) in getting the chance to go abroad at last. 6. To my ___________（surprised），there are only seven bones in a giraffe’s neck. 7. No team invited him _______________ (simple) because he was too short. 8. We admired him for his great ________________(achieve) in literature(文学). 9. He had to sit in the stands because of his _______________ (high). 10. After she died, her father had her diary _________________ (publish). 一．1while 2.whenever 3.since 4After 5since 6.till/until 7.Until 8.before 9as soon as 10 when 二、1unusual 2death 3thirties 4Germans 5succeeded 6surprise 7simply 8achievements 9.height 10 published 课堂小结 课后作业 一、词汇检测 1．In the biology class，we are taught how the_________(细胞)of the plants change． 2．The children were burnt to__________(死亡)in the big fire． 3．It’s_________(不寻常的)for the little boy to get up so early．What’s up? 4．I’ve done some__________(调查)to find㈨the cheapest way of travelling there． 5．In 1991，Hepburn discovered that she had____________(癌症). 6．He gave me a___________(吃惊的事)by arriving without telling me． 7．The general manager is strongly___________(反对)the project． 8．I asked her a question but she___________(保持不变)silent． 9．一When did World War II_________out? 一In 1939． 10．一Lucy’s father’s__________is really a big blow(打击)to her． 一Yes．Now she only has Mum．We should spend more time cheering her up． 11．When is China’s__________day? It’s October 1st．We usually have 7 days off to celebrate it． 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. After the war, her father collected her diary and had it_______ (publish). 2. We needn't go in such a hurry. We still have thirty minutes_______ (leave). 3. It is_______ (usual) to see snow in this tropical（热带的）region. 4. He_______ (realize) his dream when he passed the entrance examination. 5. They used to_______ (donation) much money to the Red Cross every year. 6. The timely_______ (medicine) treatment prevented the disease from spreading. 三、单项选择 ( )1. My watch doesn't work. I must have it_______ tomorrow. A. repaired B. to repaired C. repairing D. repair ( )2. We can easily become unhappy_______ we work out our problems in our daily life. A. after B. if C. until D. unless ( )3. The boss kept them_______ all day and all night. A. work B. worked C. to work D. working ( )4. After a hard day's work, I felt tired out to_______. A. dead B. dying C. die D. death ( )5. Which sentence of the following is NOT right? A. The young men over there are all Romans. B. Many Germans will come to our company next year. C. Wolves will not usually attack humans. D. The headmaster showed some Frenchmens around our school. ( )6. Which of the following words is NOT a compound word? A. afternoon B. keyboard C. unless D. worldwide 四、完形填空 Growing up is not always easy. When we face difficulties, a spirit of depending on 1 is more useful than crying for help. That’s what Hong Zhanhui’s story of growing from boy to man 2 family hardship tells us. Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County(县), Henan Province. When he was only 11, his father became badly ill and one day he came back with an unwanted baby 3 . A year later, Hong’s mother 4 home. She no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husband. So everything hard fell onto the young boy’s 5 . To take care of his father and the younger sister Chenchen, and to go on to study. Although his life was hard, Hong didn’t go away from his father and sister. He took several part-time jobs to 6 his family. He climbed tall trees to get birds’ eggs for his sister. He walked 2 hours at weekends to the market to 7 different things to sell around his school. A few years later, he studied at a college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to 8 a room near his college for her, and sent her to school. After Hong’s story went 9 , he became a hero in people’s eyes. But Hong ___10___ offers from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work. Through his hard life, he has grown up from boy to man. ( ) 1. A. parents B. friends C. yourself D. God ( ) 2. A. out of B. into C. without D. with ( ) 3. A. dog B. cat C. girl D. boy ( ) 4. A. left B. arrived C. went D. came ( ) 5. A. back B. shoulders C. head D. body ( ) 6. A. help B. save C. protect D. feed ( ) 7. A. make B. buy C. produce D. collect ( ) 8. A. build B. borrow C. rent D. share ( ) 9. A. public B. clear C. by D. far ( ) 10. A. accepted B. asked C. received D. refused 五、阅读理解 Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from different places around the world. Tourists and travelers often get to try some unfamiliar food. That is part of the fun of traveling. Here are four people’s experiences with foreign food. David King is a Chinese student in France. “I never had cheese or even milk before I came to France. Cows are seldom seen in my part of China. So there is no milk or milk products. I drank some milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it! I tried cheese, too, but I didn’t like it. I love ice cream, though that’s made from milk.” Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vocation. “I was in a restaurant that was special in fish. I heard some other people order flake, so I ordered some, too. It was delicious! Later, I learned that flakes is an Australian name for shark. Now, whenever I see a new food, I try it on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake.” Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She is from India. “ I’m afraid to try new foods because maybe there is beef in them. I’m a Hindu(印度教信徒)and my religion(信仰) stops me from eating meat from the cow. That’s why I can’t eat hamburgers or noodles with meatballs.” Nathan is from the United States. He taught for a year in China. “My friend gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn’t like their appearance at all. The eggs were green inside, but my friends said the color was normal. Chinese people put something on fresh eggs. Then they put them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren’t really very old. Even so, I didn’t want to touch them.” 1. David King is a student in France and he comes from________. A .China B. Sweden C .India D. America 2.Birgit ordered _____in a restaurant during her vocation in Australia. A . cheese B. eggs C . hamburgers D. flake 3.Chandra is afraid to try new foods because_________. A .she can’t eat food with beef B. she doesn’t like their appearance C .she doesn’t like foreign food D. she doesn’t need any food at all 4.Nathan worked as _______ in China for a year. A . a worker B. a dentist C .a teacher D. a student 5.The passage tells us that ___________. A .David King often drinks milk B. flake and shark are the same fish C .a Hindu eats meat from the cow D. the egg is put in the earth for a hundred years 一、1. cells 2.death 3.unusual 4.research 5.cancer 6.surprise 7. against 8.remained 9.break 10.death 11.national 二、1. published 2.left 3.unusual 4.realized 5.donate 6.medical 三、1．A 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．D 6．C 四、CDCAB DBCAD 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$