山东省部分市2024～2025学年高三上学期期开学英语汇编：阅读理解

山东省部分市 2024~2025学年高三上学期期开学考试英语试题汇编 阅读理解 山东省济南市2024~2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 一、阅读理解 A The Student Photographic Competition The 2024 competition is open to students attending Australian primary or secondary schools or colleges. It provides an excellent opportunity for students to become aware of the value and beauty of the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG). By exercising their photographic skills, students can share that beauty with other visitors. All entries must be digital photographs taken in the ANBG between 30 August 2023 and 30 August 2024, featuring some aspect of the Gardens such as plants, wildlife or scenery. For full information about the competition and its conditions and categories, download the information sheets for secondary schools & colleges and for primary schools. Enter online at www .friendsanbg.org.au /schoolscomp 2024. Entries must be received bytheorganisersbefore5pmonFriday30August2024.Toavoiddelaysandcongestion (拥塞), submit your entry as early as possible. Download the competition poster and share it with your other friends and networks. This poster features prize- winning photographs from previous years’ competitions. Cash prizes will be awarded: Award to student Award to school or college First Prize $250 $200 Second Prize $150 $100 Third Prize / / Certificates will also be presented to all winners. Prize winners’ schools will be awarded celebratory native plants, too. Prize- winning entries will be on display in the Banksia Garden of the ANBG from Saturday 28 September to Sunday 27 October 2024. The selected photographs will be exhibited at A3 size. Presentation of prizes will be at 12 noon, Saturday28 September 2024. For’ further information please email: schoolphoto@friendsanbg.org.au 1．What is the purpose of the competition? A．To raise money for the ANBG. B．To offer photographic training. C．To attract professional photographers. D．To enhance appreciation of the ANBG. 2．What is a requirement for the entries? A．They must be shot in the ANBG. B．They should be printed at A3 size. C．They should be submitted by postal mail. D．They must be taken before 30 August, 2024. 3．What will each prize winner get? A．Some cash. B．A certificate. C．Some native plants. D．A competition poster. B The red-crowned crane (丹顶鹤) is a national first-class protected wildlife. However, due to environmental and ecological damage, the number of red-crowned cranes had been dangerously declining when Zhao Shiwei joined the Zhaoquan River Management Station in1992. Artificial breeding (繁殖) of red-crowned cranes became an important part of Zhao’s work. 3 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through his artificial program in 1996. But despite tasting success, Zhao and his team encountered hardships the following year. In1997, not a single red-crowned crane bird hatched. And in 1998, only one red-crowned crane chick hatched through artificial breeding, but it died soon after. In 1999, the station rescued 7 injured red-crowned cranes from the wild, which brought a crucial ray of hope for the program. That drove Zhao and his colleagues to check temperature control devices, go through a huge amount of data, and seek advice from experts, hoping to achieve a breakthrough in artificial breeding. They tried every possible method, even consulting technicians from nearby chicken farms. Finally, the artificial breeding program improved a lot. Later, a record of 85 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through a combination of artificial and natural breeding methods. Over the past 30 years, Zhao has always been personally involved in the hatching process. “This part is the most crucial; there cannot be the slightest error,” he said. Later, Zhao realized that with the number of artificially bred red-crowned cranes increasing, the bond between the cranes and humans was growing stronger. “But they are the spirits of nature and hence should return to nature,” Zhao said. Therefore, Zhao provided outdoor training to artificially bred red-crowned cranes in the reserve in order to increase the number of wild red- crowned cranes. Up to now, Zhao and his team have bred and released more than 200 red-crowned cranes after ensuring they will be able to survive in nature. 4．What does the author imply about the red-crowned cranes in the first two paragraphs? A．They face the danger of extinction. B．They top all other wildlife in value. C．Their artificial breeding started in 1992. D．Their number stopped declining in 1996. 5．What was the turning point in the artificial breeding program? A．Rescuing 7 wild cranes. B．Hiring some wildlife experts. C．Raising sufficient funds. D．Purchasing advanced devices. 6．Why did Zhao train cranes outdoors? A．To give tourists chances to admire cranes. B．To improve cranes’ survival skills in the wild. C．To increase the number of artificially-bred cranes. D．To strengthen the bond between cranes and humans. 7．What can we learn from Zhao’s work? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Well begun is half done. C．Continuous efforts pay off. D．Opportunities lie in preparation. C Imagine a child asking a chatbot or voice assistant if Santa Claus is real. How should the  AI respond, given that some families would prefer a lie over the truth? This is a dilemma in the little-studied area of robots deception (欺骗). Two Georgia Tech researchers, Kantwon Rogers and Reiden Webber, designed a driving simulation (模拟) experiment to investigate how intentional robot deception affects trust between humans and AI, and whether different types of apologies can help repair that trust. In the simulation, participants were instructed to drive a“ robot-assisted car” to the hospital to save a friend’s life, while the AI assistant falsely warned of police ahead, advising participants to stay under the speed limit. Upon reaching the hospital, participants were informed that there were no police, and they received one of five different text-based responses from the robot — three admitting the lie, two offering a simple apology without admission. The study aimed to determine which type of apology was most effective in repairing trust after a robot’s lie. The results of the experiment were surprising. 45% of the participants did not speed, because they believed the robot knew more about the situation than they did, revealing an overly trusting attitude toward AI. The results also indicated that while none of the apology types fully recovered trust, the apology with no admission of lying was statistically more effective in repairing trust than other responses. The researchers’ final goal is to create a robot system that can learn when and how to lie or apologize during human-AI interactions. But they acknowledge that this is a complex issue. “We still know very little about AI deception, but we do know that lying is not always bad, and telling the truth isn’t always good,” Rogers said.“ So how can we make laws that support new ideas without harming them, while also keeping people safe?” 8．What is the aim of the experiment? A．To assess AI’s intentional responses. B．To examine AI’s learning capabilities. C．To evaluate AI’s assistance on driving. D．To study AI deception’s impact on trust. 9．Which response from AI is the most effective in repairing trust in the experiment? A．“I am sorry.” B．“I lied to you.” C．“You’ re at your destination.” D．“Forgive me for my fault.” 10．What might Rogers advise AI law makers to do? A．Balance innovation and users’ safety. B．Prioritize protection of users’ privacy. C．Promote moral behavior in AI systems. D．Enforce clearer and stricter regulations. 11．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The human-AI confidence crisis B．A dilemma in human honesty C．Is a robot system promising? D．AI deception: bad or not? D Are you an open book, your face broadcasting every passing emotion, or more of a poker face, not showing what you are feeling? Scientists at Nottingham Trent University say that wearing your heart on your face, could actually give you a significant social advantage. The study, led by Eithne Kavanagh, a research fellow at NTU’s School of Social Sciences, involving over 1,300 participants, noticed striking variations in how much people moved their faces during conversations. Importantly, this expressiveness emerged as a stable individual quality. People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts, with different social partners, and even over time periods up to four months. The researchers say that facial expressiveness is linked to personality, with more agreeable individuals displaying more lively faces. Facial expressiveness can also translate into concrete social benefits. In a negotiation task, more expressive individuals are more likely to secure a larger slice of a reward. The researchers suggest that for agreeable folks, dynamic facial expressions may serve as a tool for building good relationship and smoothing over conflicts. Across the board, the results point to facial expressiveness serving an“ affiliative (亲和) function,” or a social glue that develops liking and smoother interactions. Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more “readable,” suggesting that a lively face makes one’s intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher. Beyond frequency of facial movements, people who employ facial expressions more strategically to suit social goals, such as looking friendly in a greeting, are also more well- liked. The findings challenge the “poker face” common belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always most advantageous. Instead, they suggest that for most people, allowing one’s face to mirror inner states and intentions can invite warmer reactions. As the researchers conclude, “Being facially expressive is socially advantageous.” So, the next time you catch yourself making lines on your forehead, or flashing a smile, know that your face just might be working overtime on your behalf. 12．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning the study? A．Its impact. B．Its findings. C．Its limitations. D．Its significance. 13．What may facial expressiveness serve as in negotiation settings? A．A way to frighten competitors. B．A method to hide personalities. C．A tool to show personal quality. D．A strategy to settle disagreement. 14．What does the underlined word “decipher” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Copy. B．Overlook. C．Remember D．Interpret. 15．What may the author advise based on the findings of the study? A．Always wearing a still face. B．Learning to be an open book. C．Speaking out inner emotions. D．Forcing a smile through tears. 山东省青岛市2024~2025学年高三上学期期初考试英语试题 一、阅读理解 A Best in English Contest Best in English (BIE) is a unique online English language competition within the European Union and beyond. It is opened to all high schools and students aged 14 — 20. About the upcoming test ·B2-C1 level · test parts: grammar, reading and listening skills · time limit: 60 minutes Why to participate? · fully online and all platforms friendly including mobile phone s of students · great preparation for Cambridge exams · opportunity to compare the students’ English with other schools from around the world · motivation for teachers and great way to enhance their lessons ·10 years of experience and great comments from the students, teachers and school principals Conditions for participation ·a minimum 10 participating students from each school · categories by age, state, region, type of school, etc. · schools get access to the test based on a licensed School ID for €65 · students need to prepare headphones and take the test under supervision (监督) BIE Schedule Start of the Registration December 1, 2023 Final Contest Guidelines November 10, 2024 End of Registration November 20, 2024 TEST(9:00-14:00) November 21, 2024 Results The complete results are available within a month after the date of the contest. Results will be sent to teachers and participants via e-mail and will also be published on the website. 1．What is an advantage of BIE? A．It is available online and offline. B．It is sponsored by Cambridge University. C．It promises overseas learning. D．It encourages teaching improvement. 2．What do schools need to do for the test? A．Set standards. B．Pay the fee. C．Purchase headphones. D．Provide training. 3．When will participants know the results? A．December 1, 2023. B．November 10, 2024. C．November 21, 2024. D．December 20, 2024. B Bier was the kid with snakes in his pockets. He once hid six snakes in a soda can under his mother’s car seat while returning from a family vacation, which made his mother ban the wild reptiles (爬行动物). But under the guidance of Frey, a teacher who developed a school environmental education program in the state, his outdoor adventures continued. Bier knows what lives in the woods — things most people don’t see or consider. Things like fungi (真菌). They’re not animals or plants, but Bier notes that they are doing a lot of the decomposition (分解) work on the earth. He also casts his eyes on plant diversity, which the general public take little notice of. “When you drive down the highway, if you’re not a naturalist, it’s just green stuff going by the window,” Bier said. Bier served as director of the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, which conducts fieldwork on some endangered species and their conservation. He surveyed every county in Western Pennsylvania and documented the rarest creatures and plants. His fieldwork and recommendations led to the conservancy preserving more than 153.000 acres of species-rich land in Western Pennsylvania during his almost 43-year in office, according to Carrow, the conservancy’s vice president. “It’s not often that somebody can say one’s work will be appreciated in the future for all people, for all time. His work is quite remarkable,” she said. Bier has recently retired. He lives in a primitive cabin at Todd Nature Reserve. He catches crayfish in the river, and heads to the forest and fields, where wildlife awaits. He grows most of his food, raises sheep, a cow for milking and chickens, and still cuts firewood to heat his home. “People can be in better touch with nature. It’s like the moment when you look at the stars and realize there’s something bigger than you and Netflix,” Bier said. 4．What can we learn about Bier from the first paragraph? A．He ran into danger on a vacation. B．He had interest in nature. C．He got support from his mother. D．He started a school program. 5．What is the public’s reaction to the plant diversity according to Bier? A．They are used to it. B．They are blind to it. C．They are afraid of losing it. D．They are amazed at its value. 6．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．Everyone can be a naturalist. B．Preserving the natural world is urgent. C．Bier’s passion for nature has paid off. D．Some species could drive the ecosystem. 7．What is Bier’s life like after retirement? A．Close to nature. B．Full of risks. C．Tough but satisfying. D．Busy and unpredictable. C In parts of Tanzania, soils are disappearing. A combination of climate change and socioeconomic stresses has led to soil ending into nearby rivers and lakes. Recognizing the threat, the local community set up an environmental committee to allow strategic decision- making for soil restoration. They worked with researchers led by Will Blake at the University of Plymouth, who are experimenting with a gamma ray (伽马射线) sensor that can be easy to carry. It can make a judgement about the health of the soil in several minutes, while the traditional approach is done by taking a small number of samples for lab analysis and takes more time. The community identified areas where the soil was severely reduced, and so excluded their cattle. With the pressure removed, the land re-greened quickly and the soil began to recover. Blake emphasizes that the technology is only half the story. Scientists helicoptering in and offering solutions doesn’t work, partly because it ignores the autonomy of the farmers themselves and their extensive local environmental knowledge. Instead, Blake recommends“ mutual learning”, in which different groups learn from each other and talk openly. With the advancement of this cooperative approach, some farmers made dramatic changes.“ During past seasons, I used to get 4 — 5 bags of com per acre using improved varieties of seeds and intensive use of chemical fertilizers (肥料),” one reported. After scanning his soils, he switched to natural ones and intercropping between corn and beans, in an attempt to increase the soil quality and agriculture productivity.“ Now I am getting 7 — 9 bags of com in the same piece of land”. While this pilot work has focused on the southern part of the earth, there’s a lot other areas can learn from these experiences. Many countries are moving towards regenerative agriculture, which aims to restore soils and ecosystems to make farms more sustainable. “We’ve realized that developing the evidence base together with the communities affected is the most effective way,” Blake says. 8．What can we learn about the new sensor? A．it is invented by a local community. B．It can quickly assess soil condition. C．It is difficult to apply in distant areas. D．It helps collect a number of soil samples. 9．Why does Blake recommend “mutual learning”? A．To share data in the new research. B．To develop a sustainable solution. C．To remove the farmers’ burden. D．To popularize sensor technology. 10．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Examples of intercropping. B．Changes in farmers’ awareness. C．Effects of the new approach. D．Attempts to increase productivity. 11．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．What farming brings to the soil health? B．Lost Wisdom: Traditions in Agriculture C．Sensor Technology: The Future of Farming D．How soil health cooperation is changing agriculture? D Digital devices have reduced our attention spans to the point that they’re shorter than that of a goldfish. The blue light they send out disturbs our sleep. Most worryingly of all, smartphones are damaging the mental health of the young. All things considered, in today’s world, digital technologies are a blight. Right? Not so fast, says psychologist Etchells, a professor of psychology and science communication in the U. K., in his new book, Unlocked. Contrary to the numerous research studies on the seemingly undeniable harm of screen time on human health, Etchells argues that the evidence is weak. Take the literature on screen time and mental health for example. Most of the previous studies, Etchells points out, take data from large surveys and find that people who spend more time on screen-based activities are more likely to report poor mental health. However, observational studies like these fall victim to the classic experimental issue — correlation does not imply causation. Instead of time spent on a smartphone causing mental health issues, it could be that mental health issues cause people to spend more time on their phones, or both phone usage and poor mental health could be caused by a third factor, such as loneliness. In Unlocked, Etchells’ historical moral panic comparison of choice is the cancellation of the paper tax in the U. K. in 1861, after which some worried that women, children and working classes “needed to be ‘protected’ from a flood of trash literature.” But there have been many others throughout history: from people in Ancient Greece wondering what damage writing might do, to fears over “radio addiction,” to concerns that TV might promote violent behavior. This can be cause for doubts but not for dismissal, says Etchells. With lawmakers around the world starting to propose laws that would significantly impact the way people use their digital devices, Etchells stresses that any baseless action could fail or even backfire and that overstated public discourse can actually let the technology industry off the hook. 12．The underlined words “a blight” in the first paragraph refer to something _______. A．less studied B．poorly valued C．misleading the public D．causing bad effects 13．What does Etchells think of the findings of previous studies? A．Oversimplified. B．Pioneering. C．Systematic. D．Contradictory. 14．Why is the cancellation of the paper tax mentioned? A．To stress reducing taxes brings social changes. B．To show common people have access to literature. C．To illustrate techno- panics are common in history. D．To prove governments’ policies are important. 15．What should lawmakers do according to Etchells? A．Engage in free dialogues. B．Make evidence-based decisions. C．Increase investment in research. D．Support the use of digital devices. 山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题 一、阅读理解 A This summer, we are bringing Summer Camps for Curious Minds to more kids by offering more activities for you. Here are our recommendations: Building Blocks Calling all builders to join us as we explore the greatest wonders of the world! Learn the basics of architecture to design new structures by experimenting with materials. Children can put their innovation into the structures as much as possible. Camp Explorer West: 8 weeks, Aged 2-5, Price $350 Camp PacSci:9 weeks, Aged 2-6, Price $400 Camp St. Thomas: 10 Weeks, Aged 3-4, Price $320 Meteorologists in Training Calling all future weather forecasters! Explore the science behind the weather and learn how to predict if you will need sunscreen or snow boots tomorrow. Design meteorological (气象) instruments, create mini weather phenomena, and practice a weather forecast. Camp Explorer West: 6 weeks, Aged 4—9, Price $420 Camp PacSci:5 weeks, Aged 5—10, Price $400 Camp St. Thomas:4 weeks, Aged 7-9, Price $300 Mech Makers Build your very own mechanical masterpiece with us! Put your creativity to the test as you learn the principles of design, and take your cardboard creation through an obstacle course of your own making. Camp Explorer West:6 weeks, Aged 8—12, Price $350 Camp PacSci:7 weeks, Aged 7-12, Price $300 Camp St. Thomas: 8 weeks, Aged 8-12, Price $400 Imagineopolis Create your own board game! Learn the basics of board game design, the impact of character creation, and the importance of the rules as you create your own board game. Camp Explorer West: 7 weeks, Aged 10-14, Price $350 Camp PacSci:5 weeks, Aged 9-13, Price $380 Camp St. Thomas: 6 weeks, Aged 8—15, Price $420 1．What do Building Blocks and Mech Makers have in common? A．Learning the principles of architecture. B．Crafting cardboard creations. C．Aiming for children under 6 years old. D．Applying their creativity into works. 2．Which is the most cost- effective option for a kid interested in weather? A．Camp Explorer West. B．Camp PacSci. C．Camp St. Thomas. D．Camps for Curious Minds. 3．Which is recommended for kids above 13 years old? A．Building Blocks. B．Meteorologists in Training. C．Mech Makers. D．Imagineopolis. B Modern technology has greatly increased efficiency, which makes life simple r for porcelain (瓷器) makers, but many Chinese craftsmen, who aren't afraid of tough work and follow traditional ways, are restoring the charm of porcelain from days gone by. Porcelain-making artist Gong Hua is among them. In 2003, Gong, in his 60s, had a wood-fired kiln (窑) built strictly to the letter of Ming Dynasty designs. Despite the kiln’s obvious drawbacks, such as the materials used in its construction not being as resistant to high temperatures as modern ones, it honors the production techniques and materials of Jingdezhen porcelain since the Song Dynasty. Over the years, Gong’s kiln has been used to create copies of porcelain works for many museums and collectors, to protect the originals. In 1987, during the urban renewal of Jingdezhen, Gong saw porcelain shards being unearthed at archaeological excavations (挖掘). They exposed him to the vast gap between modern porcelain craftsmanship and that of ancient times.“ The glaze (釉) was as smooth as jade, and their beauty was indescribable,” he says. This set him off on a search for paints, materials and other elements to match historical standards. In the early 1990s, he spent three years researching the craftsmanship of blue-and-white porcelain made during the Ming Dynasty. “I found that the blue and white colors were thanks to the rich trace metal elements in their raw materials, which came from the Middle East,” Gong says. Later, Gong studied hundreds of items of blue-and-white porcelain from ancient imperial kilns, and found that ancient people explored the use of local plants and eventually settled on ferns (蕨类), which grew abundantly around Jingdezhen and were the key to achieving the jade-like glaze. Unfortunately, they are ruined by modern electric and gas kiln equipment. “ Although they are hard to control precisely, only traditional wood-fired kilns can process the porcelain in an extraordinary way that may go beyond our imagination,” he says. 4．What inspires Chinese craftsmen to make porcelain traditionally? A．The efficiency of the process. B．The use of modern technology. C．The attraction of porcelain from the past. D．The popularity of electric and gas kilns. 5．What is a disadvantage of Gong Hua’s kiln? A．Losing Song Dynasty kiln designs. B．Going against the demands of collectors C．Failing to stand the high temperature. D．Producing low-quality porcelain. 6．Why did Gong research porcelain from ancient imperial kilns? A．To learn how to reproduce the glaze using modern technology. B．To uncover the source of the unique blue and white colors. C．To compare the craftsmanship with that of modern porcelain. D．To identify the best plants to use for achieving the desired glaze. 7．What does Gong think of his attempts according to his words? A．Creative. B．Eco- friendly. C．Risky. D．Promising. C Through life’s journey, we inevitably encounter unpleasant emotions — anxiety, envy, fear, and frustration — that can cast a dark shadow over our mind. Many of us often shy away from these feelings, from adopting a sense of denial to turning to food or work as a distraction. We understand that constant joy is an unattainable goal. Yet, we often struggle with emotions that are less than positive. This disgust to negativity is rooted in our natural tendency to avoid or suppress (抑制) such feelings. These negative emotional states can create extra stress in your body and your mind, which is uncomfortable and can also lead to health issues if the stress becomes chronic or overwhelming.  This in-built programming, inherited from our ancestors, directs us to avoid discomfort at all costs. However, suppressing our emotions often leads to unforeseen consequences. As Dr. Elena Touroni, a consultant psychologist of The Chelsea Psychology Clinic, puts it, “When we bury our emotions, they inevitably end up reappearing elsewhere further down the line, causing numerous issues and symptoms, including headaches and anxiety.” Burying our unfavorable emotions not only influences our well- being but also keeps us from experiencing the benefits that embracing these emotions can bring. Indeed, recognizing and confronting uncomfortable feelings, rather than dismissing or suppressing them, is a sign of emotional health. Negative emotions are there to alert us that something needs to change and to motivate us to make that change. For example, anger and anxiety show that something needs to change and that perhaps our well- being has been threatened; fear is an appeal to increase your level of safety. Emotions, both positive and negative, play a vital role in our human experience. As Elena says, “Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe and what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.” 8．Why do people often try to avoid negative emotions? A．Humans are biologically programmed. B．People believe constant joy is achievable. C．Negative emotions are impossible to control. D．The benefits of negative emotions are neglected. 9．According to Dr. Elena Touroni, what might happen when we bury our emotions? A．They magically disappear over time. B．They eventually cause physical problems. C．They make us stronger and more adaptable. D．They transform into positive emotions. 10．Why are negative emotions important in our human experience? A．They help us avoid difficulties. B．They drive us to take action. C．They suppress the need to change. D．They indicate excellent mental health. 11．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Embracing unpleasant feelings B．Holding back mental challenges C．The healing power of emotions D．Solutions to emotional barriers D There was a time when people fixed things themselves or called their local repair shop. But as more items were manufactured overseas and prices dropped, replacing even a big purchase like an appliance became more convenient than repairing it. However, that is changing in part due to information now available online. The popular how- to site iFixit. com has facilitated more than 100 million repairs. iFixit began in the early 2000s, after its co- founder and CEO, California- based Kyle Wiens, dropped his Apple laptop, breaking it. He discovered there were no repair instructions available. With help from his classmate and iFixit co-founder Luke Soules, Wiens, who had spent his childhood taking apart radios and appliances with his grandfather, managed to fix his computer through trial and error. He and Soules wrote a manual based on that experience and posted it to a website they created called iFixit.com. Twenty years later, iFixit has grown into a database with nearly 100,000 repair manuals for everything from electronics to clothing to appliances. And its mission has gone mainstream.“ We’ re now seeing manufacturers show interest in making it possible for users to repair things,” says Elizabeth Chamberlain, director of sustainability for iFixit. Companies like Google, Microsoft, Samsung, Motorola, HP, Patagonia and the North Face are selling official parts and sharing their repair guides through iFixit.“ We have this vision of a world where repair is the expectation for all things that are made,” says Chamberlain. With iFixit. com, fixing things can help solve the waste problem. It's part of a larger shift toward a circular economy— the idea that instead of tossing out items once they are broken or out of date, we reuse, repair or refurbish them, keeping them out of the landfill for as long as possible. According to a 2023 report from Circle Economy, a Netherlands- based NGO, if the world switched to a circular economy, we could lower the amount of material we need to extract from nature by a third. 12．Why was iFixit.com created initially? A．To ease repairs of electronic devices. B．To promote sustainable fashion. C．To sell second- hand goods online. D．To share home appliance for free. 13．What can be inferred about iFixit.com in paragraph 3? A．It is the largest online repair database. B．It will replace traditional repair shops. C．It competes with electronics manufacturers. D．It is expected to resolve all repairing issues. 14．What does the underlined phrase“ tossing out” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Running out B．Fixing up C．Throwing away D．Taking apart 15．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Local repair shops are fading due to globalization. B．Online resources are renewing the repair culture. C．Replacing appliances outweighs repairing them. D．iFixit.com has led to an increase in repair costs. 山东省潍坊市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 一、阅读理解 A 2-hour Scooter Rental in Niagara Falls If you want to avoid the queues (队列) and crowded areas of visitors, this activity is for you. You can visit scenery that most never do along the Niagara Gorge on an electric scooter (滑板车), which is easy to ride and makes getting from viewpoint to viewpoint fast and easy. You can cover about 34 miles of Niagara Falls State Park, the Niagara Gorge,and Whirlpool State Park all in 2 hours using a scooter. What's Included ●Ninebot Max Electric Scooter ●Lock to lock up the electric scooter Meeting and Pickup Meeting point End point 2 Old Falls St,Niagara Falls,NY 14303,USA     This activity ends back at the meeting point. Opening hours 5/13/2023-7/20/2025 Monday-Sunday: 10:00 AM-06:00 PM Additional Information *Confirmation will be received at time of booking * Not wheelchair accessible * Near public transportation *Not recommended for pregnant(怀孕的)travelers * No heart problems or other serious medical conditions * Travelers should at least have an average physical fitness level Click here to apply or call: +1(702) 648-5873 Cancellation Policy You can cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the experience for a full refund. 1．What is one advantage of renting an electric scooter?. A．It saves money. B．It covers all the routes. C．It makes your tour easy. D．It helps to reduce accidents. 2．What does the activity offer travellers? A．Locks against theft. B．Facilities to keep healthy. C．Assistance for the disabled. D．Guidebooks for Niagara Falls. 3．When can you call off the activity to get all your money back? A．After online confirmation. B．One day ahead of the tour. C．The moment the tour starts. D．Twenty four hours after booking. B Class is in session , and Olivia Munn’s 22-month-old son Malcolm is a star student! The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and he nailed it! “Chinese lessons ,” she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say “Aww!” in the background , which was likely Malcolm’s dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself,and he was so cute! In her caption (字幕), Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian Ali Wong. “Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book! Malcolm loves it!“ she said. This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, “The love!!” Whitney Cummings commented, “My heart. ” “Growing up multilingual (多语种的)is a magical gift,” one person said, “I’ll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons. ” Another person commented, “I love this family so much and it’s definitely the cutest family I’ve ever seen. ” The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she’s taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he’s learning how to speak Mandarin , and it’s so adorable. In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with Gordon & Li Li, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li account commented,“This is the sweetest! We’re so happy your little guy is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong for sharing the Mandarin love!” 4．What does the underlined phrase“nailed it”probably mean? A．Got a rich reward. B．Hit the nail hard. C．Messed things up. D．Did a fantastic job. 5．The second paragraph mainly tells us________. A．a bedtime story B．an interactive scene C．an amusing dad D．a reading competition 6．What can we learn about the video from paragraph 4? A．It is well received. B．It is full of imagination. C．It changes the way of parenting. D．It inspires people to learn language. 7．Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture? A．To learn how to shop. B．To get to know his origin. C．To prepare for an Asian trip. D．To develop his independence. C In 2020, there were 727 million people aged 65 or above, which is expected to more than double by 2050. The silver-haired population represent a massive opportunity for nearly every industry where companies can build a new market for their products and services while creating social value. The main consumption patterns of elderly population can be classified into two categories: health-related consumption and daily consumption. When it comes to health consumption, seniors are not only concerned about healthcare but also increasingly emphasizes disease prevention. In relation to this, preventive health services, such as physical examinations, will have significant room for growth. Evidently, regular physical examinations require a certain amount of time, economic costs and medical support. Therefore, the high-income population in big cities can sustain them for a longer period of time due to their subjective willingness and objective conditions. Another key section of the elderly market is represented by the application of medical devices and technology tailored for seniors. One notable area of development is the adoption of remote monitoring systems. These systems make use of cutting-edge technology to enable healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the vital signs and health status of elderly individuals, providing real-time feedback and intervention when necessary. This not only ensures immediate medical attention but also allows older adults to maintain their independence and age comfortably in their own homes. Acknowledging the importance of social engagement and mental stimulation in enhancing the well-being of seniors, the entertainment industry has emerged as a key component as well. It is centered around offering diverse activities and entertainment options, such as organized tours, social clubs, arts and crafts workshops and music and dance performances, which are meant for the unique preferences and needs of older individuals. They offer a platform for them to connect, share experiences and engage, creating a supportive environment where seniors can enrich life experiences and apply their different talents. The aging population is one of the most important trends in the world, and it’s indeed a powerful force not just socially but economically. 8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To raise a topic. B．To present some figures. C．To explain a concept. D．To provide supportive evidence. 9．Who is most likely to have a check-up regularly according to paragraph 2? A．A jobless worker in Shenzhen. B．A fit college student in a big city. C．A wealthy old lawyer in Beijing. D．A retired poor writer in a rural area. 10．What benefits do the systems bring to seniors in paragraph 3? A．Their health can be tracked distantly. B．They can get free medical treatments, C．They can receive home visits from doctors. D．Their old-age care problems can be settled. 11．What does the author say about entertainments for seniors? A．Limited to music. B．Tailored to their needs. C．Related to their incomes. D．Focused on physical challenges. D New technologies tend to cause a cycle of concern, disorder, and conflict before eventually being accepted. Recent writings about artificial intelligence (AI) and other advances in computer science suggest that we are preparing to welcome the final stage of this latest round of invention. The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing “connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). “Absent from discussions about AI and automation,” Pugh argues, “is the impact that these systems might have on the emotional understandings we build of ourselves and others. ” Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. She then provides a summary of how care work is being increasingly automated, showing how quantification and measurement have taken over many aspects of human-facing jobs, leaving little room for doctors, teachers, and others to build connection. “When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame, a risk that makes it all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection,” writes Pugh. In chapter 8, she explains how such interactions can be done right. Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another; “connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and data use, among other factors. Pugh concludes by arguing that we need a social movement for connection. “We need to fight for what we might call our ‘social health’,” she maintains. 12．What is the main concern of Allison Pugh’s new book? A．The impact of AI on future employment. B．The approach to living and working with AI. C．The increasing role of technology in caregiving. D．The value of connective labor in the age of automation. 13．Why does the author mention “practitioners” in paragraph 3? A．To explain how to do care work. B．To argue against the automation technology. C．To prove the significance of human connection. D．To discuss the challenges of privacy in caregiving. 14．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The encounter. B．The shame. C．The risk. D．The potential. 15．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The overview of chapter 8. B．The effective way to interact. C．The new trend of caregiving. D．The factors of avoiding shame. 山东省日照市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 一、阅读理解 A Join Goldster for a fabulous free online experience and discover how to feel more confident in your footing and prevent falls. You’ll also gain valuable insights into building strength, mobility, and flexibility through this transformative event. Start your journey towards a more confident and balanced you! Event Details Date: Sunday 22nd Oct. Time: 2:00 pm — 4:00 pm Place: Online via Zoom-join for free Event schedule 2:00 — 2:15 pm Welcome with Goldster Presenter Lee Pycrof 2:15 — 2:45 pm James Hilton, Fitness trainer: The basics of movement and the planes of motion plus setting some basic movement assessments. 2:45 — 3:15 pm Claudia le Feuvre, Nutritionist and eating psychology coach: Nutrition for muscle and bone health. 3:15 — 3:45 pm Andy Yau, Tai Chi expert: Balance and flow of movement. 3:45 — 4:00 pm Interactive Q&A Register now for free at https://bit.ly/goldsterfallprevention. Claudia le Feuvre is a Nutritional Therapist & Eating Psychology coach. She has 16 years clinical experience helping clients with a wide range of health concerns. Claudia lectures at The British College of Nutrition & Health, and The Nutritional Healing Foundation. Andy Yau is a Tai Chi expert and help people find their flow and improve their mobility with this gentle, poetic form of movement. 1．What is Goldster? A．A sports sponsor. B．A travel agency. C．An online health platform. D．An official news website. 2．What is the right time for listening to the speech on the basic s of movement? A．2:00. B．2:15. C．3:15. D．3:45. 3．What do we know about Claudia le Feuvre? A．She is experienced in playing Tai Chi. B．She is concerned about her muscle and bone health. C．She is devoted to treating patients with mental health. D．She is expert in dealing with various health problems. B In Aleksandra’s studio in Haikou, the capital of Hainan, an oil painting of St. Basil’s Cathedral hangs beside a portrait capturing the grace of a woman from the Li ethnic group, symbolizing two distinct aspects of the artist’s life. Raised in a family of artists, the 24-year-old Russian woman developed a profound love for painting from an early age. Six years ago, she relocated to Hainan and set up her studio there. Her fascination with Chinese culture was bolstered when she was 10 years old. “I picked up the language through the internet, books and TV. I simply adore Chinese culture.” In 2018, driven by her passion, Aleksandra journeyed to Hainan to study, where she was captured by the island’s peaceful natural beauty and unhurried pace of life. “It’s an incredibly beautiful place, and the people are kind, charming and authentically simple,” she reflects. “Life unfolds at a leisurely pace, allowing them to harmonize with nature.” Living in Hainan enables her to immerse herself in nature and humanity, two beloved themes in her artwork. The local people and culture have become essential to her life as she and her husband, whom she met on the island, have ventured through its landscapes together. “We ventured into the heart of Hainan. It was during these journeys that I first encountered the Li people,” she recalls. The Li brocade (织锦) has left a lasting impact on her. This traditional textile of the Li ethnic group in Hainan is regarded as a “living fossil” of the textile industry, boasting a history of over 3,000 years. “When you witness a woman weaving this brocade, she is narrating a tale passed down through generations, such as that of Dalishen, the God of Strength, watching over us. It not only inspires me but also empowers me to create,” she says. She strives to capture the complicated patterns of the brocade in her paintings, weaving local culture into her creations — a process that has brought her profound satisfaction. 4．What inspired Aleksandra to set up her studio in Haikou? A．Her passion for painting. B．The low cost of living. C．Her desire for further study. D．The local scenery and lifestyle. 5．What does the underlined word “bolstered” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Fueled. B．Recovered. C．Blocked. D．Weakened. 6．What is a feature of Aleksandra’s works? A．They tell fairy stories. B．They reflect Li ethnic culture. C．They center on weaving techniques. D．They stress the history of the Li people. 7．What is the purpose of the text? A．To attract people to Haikou. B．To highlight China’s cultural diversity. C．To advertise an artist’s works. D．To introduce a foreign artist in China. C In 2011, two students from the University of Michigan dreamed of a way to bring the Detroit community together while creating a sustainable food source. That year, Tyson Gersh and Darin McLeskey launched the Michigan Urban Farming Initiative (MUFI), which converted a residential neighborhood in Detroit’s North End into an agricultural wonderland, run by the community, for the community. Now, it’s been over 10 years, and MUFI is still running strong. In fact, they have grown to become the first sustainable urban “agrihood” in the United States. The term, coined in 2014, refers to an “agricultural neighborhood” in an urban setting. Today there are 90 such “agrihoods” in the U.S., with another 27 in development. MUFI’s primary focus has been the redevelopment of a three-acre plot, which they call the “center of urban agriculture.” Their mission is to use urban agriculture as a platform to promote education, sustainability, and community in an effort to empower urban communities, solve many social problems facing Detroit, and potentially develop a broader model for redevelopment for other urban communities. To accomplish this, they have used a variety of creative techniques to transform residential properties into agricultural landscapes. In one video, on the MUFI YouTube channel, they show how they used the basement plot of a destroyed house as a cistern (蓄水池). They’re also working to turn an old building into a brightly colored community center. Bringing the community together is the heart of MUFI’s mission. All their support and volunteers are sourced from Detroit and their produce goes right back into the community. Since 2011, MUFI has produced 50,000 pounds of food for the people of Detroit. Once packaged, the food is sent to one of four places: individual households, local markets, restaurants, and food pantries. They note that individual households are provided food on a “pay what you can” model. The organization has no less than seven community-oriented projects in development. Alongside their agricultural efforts, they have been working to beautify the area with flower gardens, and a covered pavilion (亭子) for community events is in the works. Their efforts also include affordable housing made from shipping containers. 8．What can we learn about MUFI from the first two paragraphs? A．It focuses on research into climate changes. B．It has changed traditional farming methods. C．It has gained wide recognition in the country. D．It was initially launched as a university project. 9．What is MUFI aimed at? A．Uplifting the community. B．Seeking food sources for residents. C．Redefining urban farming. D．Setting an example to other cities. 10．What does paragraph 4 mainly show us? A．MUFI’s primary mission. B．MUFI’s agricultural efforts. C．MUFI’s fast development. D．MUFI’s technological achievements. 11．Why does MUFI adopt a “pay what you can” model? A．To reduce food waste. B．To make their food affordable. C．To increase the amount of sales. D．To promote a new sales strategy. D A Japanese company has developed an artificial intelligence filter (变声器) that can detect angry screams and translate them into calm speech in order to reduce the stress experienced by call center operators. Large tech companies have long been aware of the stress their call center operators are exposed to every single day, with many customers taking out their anger and frustrations on them. Some of them have even introduced stress management programs that include relaxation techniques, meditation, yoga, or therapy meant to irritability and anxiety. However, one Japanese company may have come up with a much more efficient solution — using AI to completely take screaming and aggressive speech out of the equation. SoftBank claims to have spent three years creating a voice filter that detects screaming and automatically translates it into calm speech. SoftBank’s voice filter consists of two stages, one in which the AI identifies an angry voice and extracts key points of speech, and a second where it uses acoustic (声学) tools to transform it into a more natural, even polite tone. Interestingly, the filter doesn’t change any of the words spoken by the person, but significantly softens the intonation. The call center operator will still hear any insults (辱骂) uttered, only in a soft tone, which should help reduce their stress and anxiety. To train the AI, SoftBank’s engineers asked 10 actors to record at least 100 common phrases including screams, accusations, threats, and demands for an apology. In total, more than 10,000 pieces of voice data were used to train the AI filter. It’s unclear when SoftBank plans to apply the new scream-filtering AI in its call centers, but it will be interesting to see how well it works and how it impacts the emotional well-being of operators. 12．Why has SoftBank invented the voice filter? A．To translate calm speech. B．To improve work efficiency. C．To relieve the operators’ pressure. D．To introduce relaxation techniques. 13．What can be concluded about the AI filter? A．It changes the insult words of customers. B．It reduces stress by removing any insults. C．It makes the operators hear the angry words in a soft tone. D．It transforms key points of speech into a more polite tone. 14．What did the engineers do to train the AI filter? A．They recorded actors’ soft voices. B．They compared different voice data. C．They analyzed reasons for bad moods. D．They collected data of angry voices. 15．How does the author feel about the filter’s future? A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful. C．Disappointed. D．Confident. 答案： 山东省济南市2024~2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 1．D 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚举办的学生摄影比赛相关信息，包括参赛对象、参赛作品要求、比赛奖项设置等。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“The 2024 competition is open to students attending Australian primary or secondary schools or colleges. It provides an excellent opportunity for students to become aware of the value and beauty of the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG). By exercising their photographic skills, students can share that beauty with other visitors.(2024年的比赛面向澳大利亚中小学或大学的学生开放。它为学生提供了一个绝佳的机会，让他们了解澳大利亚国家植物园(ANBG)的价值和美丽。通过锻炼他们的摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美。)”可知，比赛为学生提供了一个了解澳大利亚国家植物园价值和美景的绝佳机会，通过运用摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美，所以比赛的目的是增强人们对澳大利亚国家植物园的欣赏。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“All entries must be digital photographs taken in the ANBG between 30 August 2023 and 30 August 2024 (所有参赛作品必须是2023年8月30日至2024年8月30日期间在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片)”可知，所有参赛作品必须是在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Certificates will also be presented to all winners. (得奖者亦会获颁发证书)”可知，每个获奖者都会获得一张证书。故选B。 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了赵世伟通过人工繁殖的方式拯救濒危野生动物丹顶鹤的故事。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, due to environmental and ecological damage, the number of red-crowned cranes had been dangerously declining when Zhao Shiwei joined the Zhaoquan River Management Station in1992.(然而，由于环境和生态的破坏，1992年赵世伟加入赵泉河管理站时，丹顶鹤的数量已经危险地下降了)”和第二段中“But despite tasting success, Zhao and his team encountered hardships the following year. In 1997, not a single red-crowned crane bird hatched. And in 1998, only one red-crowned crane chick hatched through artificial breeding, but it died soon after. (但是尽管尝到了成功的滋味，赵和他的团队在第二年遭遇了困难。1997 年，没有一只丹顶鹤孵化出来。1998 年，只有一只丹顶鹤雏鸟通过人工繁殖孵化出来，但不久后就死了)”可知，丹顶鹤数量的下降已经到了危险的地步，同时赵世伟的人工繁殖也面临困难，由此可推断出，作者在前两段暗示丹顶鹤面临灭绝的危险。故选A项。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1999, the station rescued 7 injured red-crowned cranes from the wild, which brought a crucial ray of hope for the program. (1999 年，该站从野外救助了 7 只受伤的丹顶鹤，这给该项目带来了至关重要的一线希望)”可知，人工繁殖计划的转折点是救出了7只野生丹顶鹤。故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Later, Zhao realized that with the number of artificially bred red-crowned cranes increasing, the bond between the cranes and humans was growing stronger. ‘But they are the spirits of nature and hence should return to nature,’ Zhao said. Therefore, Zhao provided outdoor training to artificially bred red-crowned cranes in the reserve in order to increase the number of wild red- crowned cranes.(后来，赵意识到随着人工繁殖丹顶鹤数量的增加，鹤和人类之间的联系越来越强。‘但它们是自然的灵魂，因此应该回归自然，’赵说。因此，赵为保护区内的人工繁殖丹顶鹤提供户外训练，以增加野生丹顶鹤的数量)”可知，赵世伟意识到丹顶鹤应该回归自然。由此推知，在户外训练丹顶鹤是为了提高它们在野外的生存技能，以增加野生丹顶鹤的数量。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over the past 30 years, Zhao has always been personally involved in the hatching process. ‘This part is the most crucial; there cannot be the slightest error,’ he said.(在过去的 30 年里，赵一直亲自参与孵化过程。‘这一部分是最关键的；不能有丝毫差错。’他说)”和最后一段中“Up to now, Zhao and his team have bred and released more than 200 red-crowned cranes after ensuring they will be able to survive in nature.(到目前为止，赵和他的团队在确保丹顶鹤能够在自然界中生存后，已经繁育并放归了 200 多只丹顶鹤)”可知，在过去的30年里，赵世伟一直亲自参与孵化过程，他和他的团队已经繁殖并放飞了200多只丹顶鹤。由此可推断出，从赵世伟的工作中我们可以学到“持续的努力终会有回报”。故选C项。 8．D 9．A 10．A 11．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文探讨了“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”这个问题。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Two Georgia Tech researchers, Kantwon Rogers and Reiden Webber, designed a driving simulation(模拟) experiment to investigate how intentional robot deception affects trust between humans and AI, and whether different types of apologies can help repair that trust.(乔治亚理工学院的两名研究人员Kantwon Rogers和Reiden Webber设计了一个驾驶模拟实验，以研究机器人故意欺骗如何影响人类和人工智能之间的信任，以及不同类型的道歉是否有助于修复这种信任。)”可知，实验的目的是研究机器人欺骗对人类与AI之间信任的影响。故选D。 9．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段以及常识“The study aimed to determine which type of apology was most effective in repairing trust after a robot’s lie.(该研究旨在确定机器人撒谎后哪种道歉方式最能有效地修复信任。)”可推知，A选项“对不起”最有效地修复了信任。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So how can we make laws that support new ideas without harming them, while also keeping people safe?(那么，我们怎样才能制定出既支持新思想又不伤害它们的法律，同时又能保证人们的安全呢?)”可推知，罗杰斯可能会建议人工智能立法者平衡创新和用户安全。故选A项。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But they acknowledge that this is a complex issue.“ We still know very little about AI deception, but we do know that lying is not always bad, and telling the truth isn’t always good,” Rogers said.(但他们承认，这是一个复杂的问题。罗杰斯说:“我们仍然对人工智能的欺骗知之甚少，但我们确实知道，撒谎并不总是坏事，说实话也不总是好事。”)”可知，文探讨了“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”这个问题。所以标题为“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”。故选D项。 12．B 13．D 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，这种优势可以转化为具体的社交利益。文章最后指出，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热烈的反应。 12．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study, led by Eithne Kavanagh, a research fellow at NTU’s School of Social Sciences, involving over 1,300 participants, noticed striking variations in how much people moved their faces during conversations. Importantly, this expressiveness emerged as a stable individual quality. People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts, with different social partners, and even over time periods up to four months. (这项研究由诺丁汉特伦特大学社会科学学院研究员Eithne Kavanagh领导，有1300多名参与者。研究注意到人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异。重要的是，这种表现力成为一种稳定的个人品质。人们在不同的情境中、与不同的社交伙伴在一起时，甚至在长达四个月的时间段内，都表现出相似程度的面部表情丰富度。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究发现人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异，而且是一种稳定的个人品质。因此，本段主要在讲这项研究的发现。故选B项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a negotiation task, more expressive individuals are more likely to secure a larger slice of a reward. The researchers suggest that for agreeable folks, dynamic facial expressions may serve as a tool for building good relationship and smoothing over conflicts.(在谈判任务中，更有表现力的人更有可能获得更大的奖励。研究人员建议，对于和蔼可亲的人来说，动态面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具)”可知，在谈判中，面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具，帮助有表现力的人获得更大利益。因此，面部表情在谈判环境中可能作为一种解决分歧的策略。故选D项。 14．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more ‘readable,’ suggesting that a lively face makes one’s intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher. (表情丰富也与被认为更“可读”有关，这表明一张生动的脸让人的意图和精神状态更容易被decipher)”中“Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more ‘readable,’”可知，丰富的表情更“可读”，即更容易被理解和解读，所以“一张生动的脸更容易被人解读意图和精神状态”。划线词decipher与interpret同义，意为“解读”。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The findings challenge the ‘poker face’ common belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always most advantageous. Instead, they suggest that for most people, allowing one’s face to mirror inner states and intentions can invite warmer reactions. (这些发现挑战了‘扑克脸’的普遍信念，即静止不动、面无表情的外表总是最有利的。相反，它们表明，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应)”可知，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，所以对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应。因此作者可能建议我们要学会像一本打开的书一样，不要隐藏自己的情感和意图，要通过面部表情表达出来。故选B项。 山东省青岛市2024~2025学年高三上学期期初考试英语试题 1．D 2．B 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个在线英语比赛的情况，包括费用和参赛时间安排等。 1．细节理解题。根据Why to participate?部分中“· motivation for teachers and great way to enhance their lessons(·激励教师和提高他们的课程的好方法)”可知，BIE的优势是鼓励教学改进。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Conditions for participation部分中“· schools get access to the test based on a licensed School ID for €65(·学校凭持证学生证参加考试，费用为65欧元)”可知，学校需要为考试支付费用。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据表格“End of Registration     November 20, 2024 (2024年11月20日注册截止)”以及最后一段“The complete results are available within a month after the date of the contest.(完整的结果将在比赛日期后一个月内公布)”可知，参与者2024年12月20日能知道结果。故选D。 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了比尔对大自然很感兴趣，曾担任西宾夕法尼亚保护协会的主任，工作出色，退休后选择了亲近自然。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Bier was the kid with snakes in his pockets. He once hid six snakes in a soda can under his mother’s car seat while returning from a family vacation, which made his mother ban  the wild reptiles (爬行动物). (比尔就是那个口袋里藏着蛇的孩子。有一次，他全家度假回来，在妈妈的汽车座椅下藏了6条蛇，藏在一个易拉罐里，结果妈妈禁止了这些野生爬行动物)”可知，比尔对大自然很感兴趣。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bier knows what lives in the woods — things most people don’t see or consider. Things like fungi (真菌).(比尔知道森林里生活着什么——大多数人看不到或考虑不到的东西，比如真菌)”可知，比尔认为，公众对植物多样性的反应视而不见。故选B。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“He surveyed every county in Western Pennsylvania and documented the rarest creatures and plants. His fieldwork and recommendations led to the conservancy preserving more than 153.000 acres of species-rich land in Western Pennsylvania during his almost 43-year in office, according to Carrow, the conservancy’s vice president. “It’s not often that somebody can say one’s work will be appreciated in the future for all people, for all time. His work is quite remarkable,” she said.(他调查了宾夕法尼亚州西部的每一个县，记录了最稀有的生物和植物。据自然保护协会副主席卡罗说，在他近43年的任期内，他的实地考察和建议使该协会在宾夕法尼亚州西部保护了超过15.3万英亩物种丰富的土地。“很少有人能说自己的工作将来会被所有人、所有时间所欣赏。他的工作非常出色，”她说)”可知，比尔对大自然的热情得到了回报。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Bier has recently retired. He lives in a primitive cabin at Todd Nature Reserve. He catches crayfish in the river, and heads to the forest and fields, where wildlife awaits. He grows most of his food, raises sheep, a cow for milking and chickens, and still cuts firewood to heat his home.(比尔最近退休了。他住在托德自然保护区的一间原始小屋里。他在河里抓小龙虾，然后前往森林和田野，那里有野生动物等着他。他的大部分食物都是自己种的，还养了羊、一头挤奶的牛和几只鸡，而且还在砍柴取暖)”可知，比尔退休后的生活贴近自然。故选A。 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在坦桑尼亚的部分地区，土壤正在消失，认识到这一威胁，当地社区成立了一个环境委员会，他们采用了新传感器能快速评估土壤状况，还通过“相互学习”来制定解决方案。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“It can make a judgement about the health of the soil in several minutes, while the traditional approach is done by taking a small number of samples for lab analysis and takes more time.(它可以在几分钟内对土壤的健康状况做出判断，而传统的方法是通过采集少量样品进行实验室分析，需要更多的时间)”可知，新传感器能快速评估土壤状况。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Blake emphasizes that the technology is only half the story. Scientists helicoptering in and offering solutions doesn’t work, partly because it ignores the autonomy of the farmers themselves and their extensive local environmental knowledge. Instead, Blake recommends“ mutual learning”, in which different groups learn from each other and talk openly.(布莱克强调，技术只是故事的一半。科学家们乘坐直升机提供解决方案是行不通的，部分原因是它忽视了农民自己的自主权和他们广泛的当地环境知识。相反，布莱克建议“相互学习”，即不同群体相互学习，坦诚相待)”可知，布莱克推荐“互学”因为可以制定可持续的解决方案。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据第四段“With the advancement of this cooperative approach, some farmers made dramatic changes.“ During past seasons, I used to get 4 — 5 bags of com per acre using improved varieties of seeds and intensive use of chemical fertilizers (肥料),” one reported. After scanning his soils, he switched to natural ones and intercropping between corn and beans, in an attempt to increase the soil quality and agriculture productivity.“ Now I am getting 7 — 9 bags of com in the same piece of land”.(随着这种合作方式的发展，一些农民发生了巨大的变化。“在过去的季节里，我使用改良品种的种子和大量使用化肥，每英亩能收获4到5袋玉米，”其中一人报告说。在扫描了他的土壤之后，他转而种植天然土壤，并在玉米和豆类之间进行间作，试图提高土壤质量和农业生产力。“现在我在同一块土地上可以得到7到9袋玉米。”)”可知，第四段的主要内容是新方法的影响。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While this pilot work has focused on the southern part of the earth, there’s a lot other areas can learn from these experiences. Many countries are moving towards regenerative agriculture, which aims to restore soils and ecosystems to make farms more sustainable. “We’ve realized that developing the evidence base together with the communities affected is the most effective way,” Blake says.( 虽然这项试点工作主要集中在地球的南部，但还有很多其他地区可以从这些经验中学习。许多国家正在转向可再生农业，其目的是恢复土壤和生态系统，使农场更具可持续性。布莱克说：“我们已经意识到，与受影响的社区一起发展证据基础是最有效的方法。”)”结合文章主要说明了在坦桑尼亚的部分地区，土壤正在消失，认识到这一威胁，当地社区成立了一个环境委员会，他们采用了新传感器能快速评估土壤状况，还通过“相互学习”来制定解决方案。可知，D选项“土壤健康合作如何改变农业？”最符合文章标题。故选D。 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家Etchells认为数字技术对人造成不良影响的研究结果证据不足，难以令人信服。 12．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Digital devices have reduced our attention spans to the point that they’ re shorter than that of a goldfish. The blue light they send out disturbs our sleep. Most worryingly of all, smartphones are damaging the mental health of the young.(数码设备使我们的注意力持续时间缩短到比金鱼还短的程度。它们发出的蓝光会干扰我们的睡眠。最令人担忧的是，智能手机正在损害年轻人的心理健康)”可知，划线词上文主要列举了一系列数字技术所造成的不良影响，结合划线词上文“All things considered, in today’s world, digital technologies are”可知，想要表达的是综上所述，在当今世界，数字技术会造成不良影响。故划线词意思是“造成不良影响”。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Contrary to the numerous research studies on the seemingly undeniable harm of screen time on human health, Etchells argues that the evidence is weak.(大量研究表明，看屏幕时间对人体健康的危害似乎是不可否认的，与此相反，埃切尔斯认为证据不足)”以及第三段“Most of the previous studies, Etchells points out, take data from large surveys and find that people who spend more time on screen-based activities are more likely to report poor mental health.(埃切尔斯指出，之前的大多数研究都是从大型调查中获取数据，发现花更多时间在屏幕活动上的人更有可能报告心理健康状况不佳)”可知，Etchells认为之前的研究结果过于简单化。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In Unlocked, Etchells’ historical moral panic comparison of choice is the cancellation of the paper tax in the U. K. in 1861, after which some worried that women, children and working classes “needed to be ‘protected’ from a flood of trash literature.” But there have been many others throughout history: from people in Ancient Greece wondering what damage writing might do, to fears over“ radio addiction,” to concerns that TV might promote violent behavior. This can be cause for doubts but not for dismissal, says Etchells.(在《解锁》一书中，埃切尔斯将历史上的道德恐慌比作1861年英国取消纸张税，在那之后，一些人担心妇女、儿童和工人阶级“需要受到‘保护’，免受大量垃圾文学的侵害”。但历史上也有很多这样的人：从古希腊人想知道写作会造成什么伤害，到对“无线电成瘾”的恐惧，再到对电视可能会促进暴力行为的担忧。Etchells说，这可能会引起怀疑，但不会被解除)”可知，提到取消纸张税是为了说明技术恐慌在历史上是常见的。故选C。 15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“With lawmakers around the world starting to propose laws that would significantly impact the way people use their digital devices, Etchells stresses that any baseless action could fail or even backfire and that overstated public discourse can actually let the technology industry off the hook. (随着世界各地的立法者开始提出将对人们使用数字设备的方式产生重大影响的法律，埃切尔斯强调，任何毫无根据的行动都可能失败，甚至适得其反，而夸大的公众话语实际上会让科技行业摆脱困境)”可知，埃切尔斯认为，立法者应该做基于证据的决定。故选B。 山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题 1．D 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了今年夏天的一些夏令营活动。 1．细节理解题。根据Building Blocks中“Children can put their innovation into the structures as much as possible.”（孩子们可以尽可能多地把他们的创新融入到结构中。）以及Mech Makers中“Put your creativity to the test as you learn the principles of design, and take your cardboard creation through an obstacle course of your own making.”（当你学习设计原则时，测试你的创造力，并通过你自己制造的障碍来创造你的纸板。）可知，Building Blocks和Mech Makers的共同点是将他们的创造力运用到作品中。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Meteorologists in Training中“Calling all future weather forecasters! Explore the science behind the weather and learn how to predict if you will need sunscreen or snow boots tomorrow.”（呼叫未来所有天气预报员！探索天气背后的科学，学习如何预测明天你是否需要防晒霜或雪地靴。）以及本部分中“Camp Explorer West: 6 weeks, Aged 4—9, Price $420; Camp PacSci:5 weeks, Aged 5—10, Price $400; Camp St. Thomas:4 weeks, Aged 7-9, Price $300”（西部探险营：6周，4-9岁，价格420美元；PacSci夏令营：5周，5 - 10岁，价格$400； 圣托马斯夏令营：4周，7-9岁，价格$300）可知，每周的价格Camp Explorer West最低。对于对天气感兴趣的孩子来说，最划算的选择是Camp Explorer West。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。结合这几个活动的年龄，再根据Imagineopolis部分“Camp St. Thomas: 6 weeks, Aged 8—15, Price $420”（圣托马斯夏令营：6周，8-15岁，价格420美元）可知，13岁以上儿童宜推荐Imagineopolis。故选D项。 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要以制瓷艺术家龚华为例讲述许多中国工匠正在使用传统方法恢复过去瓷器的魅力。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“many Chinese craftsmen, who aren’t afraid of tough work and follow traditional ways, are restoring the charm of porcelain from days gone by(许多不害怕艰苦工作并遵循传统方法的中国工匠正在恢复过去瓷器的魅力)”和第三段中“They exposed him to the vast gap between modern porcelain craftsmanship and that of ancient times. ‘The glaze (釉) was as smooth as jade, and their beauty was indescribable,’ he says. This set him off on a search for paints, materials and other elements to match historical standards.(它们让他看到了现代瓷器工艺与古代瓷器工艺之间的巨大差距。‘釉面光滑如玉，美得难以形容，’他说。这让他开始寻找符合历史标准的颜料、材料和其他元素)”可知，过去的瓷器的魅力激发了中国工匠制作传统瓷器，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Despite the kiln’s obvious drawbacks, such as the materials used in its construction not being as resistant to high temperatures as modern ones, it honors the production techniques and materials of Jingdezhen porcelain since the Song Dynasty.(尽管这个窑有明显的缺点，比如建造时使用的材料不像现代的那样耐高温，但它尊重了宋朝以来景德镇瓷器的生产技术和材料)”可知，龚华的柴窑缺点是不耐高温，故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘I found that the blue and white colors were thanks to the rich trace metal elements in their raw materials, which came from the Middle East,’ Gong says. Later, Gong studied hundreds of items of blue-and-white porcelain from ancient imperial kilns, and found that ancient people explored the use of local plants and eventually settled on ferns (蕨类), which grew abundantly around Jingdezhen and were the key to achieving the jade-like glaze.(龚说：‘我发现蓝色和白色的颜色是由于它们的原材料中含有丰富的微量金属元素，这些元素来自中东。’后来，龚研究了数百件来自古代帝王窑的青花瓷，发现古人探索了当地植物的使用，并最终选择了蕨类植物，蕨类植物在景德镇周围大量生长，是获得玉质釉的关键)”可知，龚华研究古代帝王窑瓷器是为了揭开独特的蓝色和白色色彩的来源，故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Although they are hard to control precisely, only traditional wood-fired kilns can process the porcelain in an extraordinary way that may go beyond our imagination(尽管很难精确控制，但只有传统的烧柴窑才能以超乎我们想象的非凡方式加工瓷器)”可知，龚华认为他的努力前途光明，故选D。 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了负面情绪在人类经验中的重要作用，它们帮助我们了解界限，保持安全，以及识别什么会伤害我们或让我们快乐。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“These negative emotional states can create extra stress in your body and your mind, which is uncomfortable and can also lead to health issues if the stress becomes chronic or overwhelming. This in- built programming, inherited from our ancestors, directs us to avoid discomfort at all costs.”（这些消极的情绪状态会给你的身体和思想带来额外的压力，这会让你感到不舒服，如果压力变成慢性或压倒性的，还会导致健康问题。这种从我们祖先那里继承下来的内置编程，指导我们不惜一切代价避免不适。）可推知，人们总是试图避免负面情绪是因为人类是由生物编程决定的。故选A项。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As Dr. Elena Touroni, a consultant psychologist of The Chelsea Psychology Clinic, puts it,“ When we bury our emotions, they inevitably end up reappearing elsewhere further down the line, causing numerous issues and symptoms, including headaches and anxiety.””（正如切尔西心理诊所的咨询心理学家埃琳娜·图罗尼博士所说：“当我们把情绪埋藏起来时，它们不可避免地会在其他地方再次出现，引发许多问题和症状，包括头痛和焦虑。”）可推知，根据埃琳娜·图罗尼博士的说法，当我们隐藏情绪时，它们最终会导致身体问题。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Negative emotions are there to alert us that something needs to change and to motivate us to make that change.”（消极情绪提醒我们需要改变，并激励我们做出改变。）可推知，负面情绪在我们的人类经历中如此重要是因为它们驱使我们采取行动。故选B项。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Emotions, both positive and negative, play a vital role in our human experience. As Elena says, “Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe and what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.””（情绪，无论是积极的还是消极的，在我们人类的经历中都扮演着至关重要的角色。正如埃琳娜所说，“如果没有负面情绪，我们会努力知道自己的界限，如何保证自己的安全，什么会伤害我们，什么会让我们快乐。它们可以引导我们做出对我们长期有益的决定。”）可知，本文强调了负面情绪在人类经验中的重要作用，它们帮助我们了解界限，保持安全，以及识别什么会伤害我们或让我们快乐。因此本文的最佳标题是“拥抱不愉快的感觉”。故选A项。 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着海外制造和价格下降，人们更倾向于替换而非修理物品。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“iFixit began in the early 2000s, after its co- founder and CEO, California- based Kyle Wiens, dropped his Apple laptop, breaking it. He discovered there were no repair instructions available. With help from his classmate and iFixit co-founder Luke Soules, Wiens, who had spent his childhood taking apart radios and appliances with his grandfather, managed to fix his computer through trial and error. He and Soules wrote a manual based on that experience and posted it to a website they created called iFixit.com.”（iFixit始于21世纪初，当时该公司的联合创始人兼首席执行官、加州人凯尔·维恩斯(Kyle Wiens)把他的苹果笔记本电脑摔坏了。他发现没有维修说明。在同学、iFixit联合创始人卢克·索尔斯的帮助下，小时候和祖父一起拆卸收音机和电器的维恩斯，终于通过反复试验修好了自己的电脑。他和索莱斯根据这一经验编写了一本手册，并将其发布到他们创建的一个名为iFixit.com的网站上。）和第三段中“Twenty years later, iFixit has grown into a database with nearly 100,000 repair manuals for everything from electronics to clothing to appliances.”（20年后，iFixit已经发展成为一个拥有近10万份维修手册的数据库，从电子产品到服装再到家电，无所不包。）可推知，iFixit.com最初创建是为了缓解电子设备的维修问题。故选A项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And its mission has gone mainstream.“ We’ re now seeing manufacturers show interest in making it possible for users to repair things,” says Elizabeth Chamberlain, director of sustainability for iFixit. Companies like Google, Microsoft, Samsung, Motorola, HP, Patagonia and the North Face are selling official parts and sharing their repair guides through iFixit.”（它的使命已经成为主流。iFixit的可持续发展主管伊丽莎白•张伯伦(Elizabeth Chamberlain)表示：“我们现在看到制造商有兴趣让用户修理东西成为可能。”谷歌、微软、三星、摩托罗拉、惠普、巴塔哥尼亚和North Face等公司都在出售官方配件，并通过iFixit分享他们的维修指南。）可推知，iFixit预计将解决所有维修问题。故选D项。 14．词义猜测题。根据第四段划线短语句子中“…once they are broken or out of date, we reuse, repair or refurbish them, keeping them out of the landfill for as long as possible.”（一旦物品坏了或过时，我们就……，而是重新使用、修理或翻新它们，让它们尽可能长时间地远离垃圾填埋场。）由此可知，此处为一旦物品坏了或过时，我们就不再扔掉它们。故可猜测划线短语tossing out为“扔掉”的意思，结合选项C项Throwing away“扔掉”意思一致。故选C项。 15．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“iFixit began in the early 2000s, after its co- founder and CEO, California- based Kyle Wiens, dropped his Apple laptop, breaking it. He discovered there were no repair instructions available. With help from his classmate and iFixit co-founder Luke Soules, Wiens, who had spent his childhood taking apart radios and appliances with his grandfather, managed to fix his computer through trial and error. He and Soules wrote a manual based on that experience and posted it to a website they created called iFixit.com.”（iFixit始于21世纪初，当时该公司的联合创始人兼首席执行官、加州人凯尔·维恩斯(Kyle Wiens)把他的苹果笔记本电脑摔坏了。他发现没有维修说明。在同学、iFixit联合创始人卢克·索尔斯的帮助下，小时候和祖父一起拆卸收音机和电器的维恩斯，终于通过反复试验修好了自己的电脑。他和索莱斯根据这一经验编写了一本手册，并将其发布到他们创建的一个名为iFixit.com的网站上。）和第三段中“Twenty years later, iFixit has grown into a database with nearly 100,000 repair manuals for everything from electronics to clothing to appliances.”（20年后，iFixit已经发展成为一个拥有近10万份维修手册的数据库，从电子产品到服装再到家电，无所不包。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是在线资源正在更新维修文化。故选B项。 山东省潍坊市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了尼亚加拉瀑布景区的电动滑板车租赁服务的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If you want to avoid the queues (队列) and crowded areas of visitors, this activity is for you. You can visit scenery that most never do along the Niagara Gorge on an electric scooter (滑板车), which is easy to ride and makes getting from viewpoint to viewpoint fast and easy. (如果你想避开排队和拥挤的游客区,这项活动适合你。您可以乘坐电动踏板车游览尼亚加拉峡谷沿线大多数人从未见过的风景,这种踏板车很容易骑行,使从一个景点到另一个景点变得快速简单)”可知，租电动滑板车会使你的旅行变得容易，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据What’s Included部分的“Lock to lock up the electric scooter(锁定电动滑板车的锁具)”可知，这项活动为旅行者提供了防盗锁防盗，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一句“You can cancel at least 24 hours in advance of the experience for a full refund. (您可以在体验前至少24小时取消预定，从而获得全额退款)”可知，你在旅行前一天取消活动就可以取回所有的钱。故选B。 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥利维亚·穆恩教她的儿子学习普通话的故事。 4．词义猜测题。根据前文“The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed(这位母亲分享了一段自己睡前教儿子普通话的新视频)”和第二段“As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. (当恩说出普通话的单词时,宝宝用最可爱的小声音把它重复了一遍,然后给了妈妈一个微笑和一个拥抱。)”可知，她的儿子学习普通话学得很好，说明划线词的意思是“做得非常好”。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据第二段““Chinese lessons ,” she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear someone say “Aww!” in the background , which was likely Malcolm’s dad John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself, and he was so cute! (“语文课,”她在一段她和马尔科姆睡前看书的视频上写道。马尔科姆站在他妈妈旁边和她一起看书。当穆恩说出这个普通话单词时,宝宝用最可爱的声音重复了一遍,然后微笑着拥抱了妈妈。你甚至可以听到有人说“Aww!”在背景中,很可能是马尔科姆的父亲约翰·木兰尼。马尔科姆看起来很自豪,他很可爱!)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们一个宝宝和妈妈学习普通话的互动场景,故选B。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段“This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, “The love!!” Whitney Cummings commented, “My heart. ” “Growing up multilingual (多语种的)is a magical gift,“ one person said, ” I’ll always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us & giving us lessons. ” Another person commented, “I love this family so much and it’s definitely the cutest family I’ve ever seen. ” (这段视频在网上疯传。女演员梅兰妮·林斯基评论道, “爱!!”惠特妮·卡明评论道，“我的心。”“能说多种语言的成长是一份神奇的礼物，”一个人说，“我将永远感激我的母亲坚持给我们讲阿拉伯语&给我们上课。”另一个人评论道，“我太爱这个家庭了,这绝对是我见过的最可爱的家庭。”)”可知,这个视频获得很多赞美，很受欢迎,故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she’s taken him shopping at an Asian market called H Mart. Now he’s learning how to speak Mandarin , and it’s so adorable. (这位母亲经常向马尔科姆介绍他的亚洲血统。他们为农历新年做面条,她带他去一个叫HMart的亚洲市场购物。现在他正在学习说普通话,这太可爱了。)”可知，马尔科姆通过接触亚洲文化来了解自己的出身。故选B。 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了2020年，全球65岁及以上人口达到7. 27亿，预计到2050年将增加一倍以上。这一银发族群为几乎所有行业提供了巨大的市场机会。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In 2020, there were 727 million people aged 65 or above, which is expected to more than double by 2050. The silver-haired population represent a massive opportunity for nearly every industry where companies can build a new market for their products and services while creating social value. (2020年，65岁及以上人口为7. 27亿，预计到2050年将翻一番多。银发人口为几乎所有行业提供了巨大的机会，在这些行业中，公司可以为其产品和服务建立新市场，同时创造社会价值。)”和第二段“The main consumption patterns of elderly population can be classified into two categories (老年人口的主要消费模式可分为两类)”可知，第一段的目的是引出一个话题，即银发族群对市场的作用。故选A项。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In relation to this, preventive health services, such as physical examinations, will have significant room for growth. Evidently, regular physical examinations require a certain amount of time, economic costs and medical support. Therefore, the high-income population in big cities can sustain them for a longer period of time due to their subjective willingness and objective conditions. (与此相关，体检等预防性卫生服务将有很大的增长空间。显然，定期体检需要一定的时间、经济成本和医疗支持。因此，由于大城市高收入人群的主观意愿和客观条件，他们可以维持更长的时间。)”可知，根据第二段，北京一位富有的老律师最有可能定期体检。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One notable area of development is the adoption of remote monitoring systems. These systems make use of cutting-edge technology to enable healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the vital signs and health status of elderly individuals, providing real-time feedback and intervention when necessary. This not only ensures immediate medical attention but also allows older adults to maintain their independence and age comfortably in their own homes. (一个值得注意的发展领域是采用远程监控系统。这些系统利用尖端技术，使医疗保健专业人员能够远程监测老年人的生命体征和健康状况，在必要时提供实时反馈和干预。这不仅可以确保立即获得医疗护理，还可以让老年人在自己的家中保持独立和舒适的生活。)”可知，老年人的健康状况可以被远程追踪。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Acknowledging the importance of social engagement and mental stimulation in enhancing the well-being of seniors, the entertainment industry has emerged as a key component as well. It is centered around offering diverse activities and entertainment options, such as organized tours, social clubs, arts and crafts workshops and music and dance performances,which are meant for the unique preferences and needs of older individuals. They offer a platform for them to connect, share experiences and engage, creating a supportive environment where seniors can enrich life experiences and apply their different talents. (认识到社会参与和精神刺激在提高老年人福祉方面的重要性，娱乐业也成为了一个关键组成部分。它以提供多样化的活动和娱乐选择为中心，如有组织的旅游、社交俱乐部、艺术和手工艺研讨会以及音乐和舞蹈表演，这些活动和娱乐选项旨在满足老年人的独特偏好和需求。他们为他们提供了一个联系、分享经验和参与的平台，创造了一个支持性的环境，让老年人可以丰富生活经验，发挥自己的不同才能。)”可知，老年人的娱乐活动是根据他们的需求量身定制的。故选B项。 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社会学家Allison Pugh的新书《最后的人类工作》，该书强调在自动化时代保持人际关系和连接性劳动的重要性，呼吁社会为“社会健康”而战。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing “connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). (社会学家Allison Pugh的新书《最后的人类工作》聚焦于自动化时代的看护和人际关系，该书警告读者不要毫无保留地接受这些技术进步，称“连接性劳动”是有价值的人类工作，不会轻易被算法取代)”可知，这本新书主要关注的是自动化时代连接性劳动的价值。故选D项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. (Pugh通过论证人际关系的价值以及看到和被他人看到的重要性奠定了基础。她说：“从业者说，他们获得了一种目的感，仅仅是因为有机会观察人们最无助的时候。”)”可知，此处先指出Pugh论证了人际关系的价值，以及看到和被他人看到的重要性，然后提到从业者的想法，他们通过看到他人而获得目的感。由此推知，作者提到从业者是为了证明人际关系的重要性。故选C项。 14．词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame (当一个人去看医生或老师时，这种相遇充满了羞耻的可能性)”和下文“all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection (当从业者表现出共情反思时，这一切都更加强大)”可推知，正是与他人的相遇有可能会有羞耻感，所以从业者具备的共情反思才会使遭遇变得强大，划线词指代的是前面提到的相遇。故选A项。 15．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another; “connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and data use, among other factors. (她和其他人进行的研究确定了支持连接性劳动的三个关键方面：“关系设计”，即人们如何与他人互动；“连接性的文化”，或影响人们互动方式的共同实践和信仰；“资源分配”包括互动时间、员工对客户的比率、技术和数据使用的程度等因素)”可知，本段主要介绍了连接性劳动中有效的互动方式。故选B项。 山东省日照市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题 1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在线健康平台Goldster的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Join Goldster for a fabulous free online experience and discover how to feel more confident in your footing and prevent falls. (加入 Goldster，享受美妙的免费在线体验，并了解如何对自己的立足点更有信心并防止跌倒。)”可知，Goldster是一个提供健康相关在线活动的平台。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Event schedule中的“2:15-2:45 pm James Hilton, Fitness trainer: The basics of movement and the planes of motion plus setting some basic movement assessments. (下午2：15—2：45健身教练James Hilton：运动的基础知识和运动平面，以及设置一些基本的运动评估。)”可知，关于运动基础的演讲时间是2:15。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Claudia le Feuvre is a Nutritional Therapist & Eating Psychology coach. She has 16 years clinical experience helping clients with a wide range of health concerns. (Claudia le Feuvre是一位营养治疗师和饮食心理学教练。她拥有16年的临床经验，帮助客户解决各种健康问题。)”可知，Claudia le Feuvre在处理各种健康问题方面很有经验。故选D项。 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了俄罗斯女画家Aleksandra受中国文化的吸引，定居在海口，在这里她深深爱上了黎族文化。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Six years ago, she relocated to Hainan and set up her studio there.(六年前，她搬到海南，在那里建立了工作室。)”和“In 2018, driven by her passion, Aleksandra journeyed to Hainan to study, where she was captured by the island’s peaceful natural beauty and unhurried pace of life.(2018年，在热情的驱使下，Aleksandra前往海南学习，在那里她被海南宁静的自然美景和悠闲的生活节奏所吸引。)”可知，海南当地的自然美景和悠闲的生活方式给她留下深刻印象，所以她决定搬到这里并成立了工作室。故选D。 5．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I picked up the language through the internet, books and TV. I simply adore Chinese culture.(我通过互联网、书籍和电视学会了这门语言。我真的喜欢中国文化。)”可知，Aleksandra非常喜欢中国文化，结合画线词前的“Her fascination with Chinese culture”和画线词后的“when she was 10 years old”可推知，在她10岁时，她对中国文化的兴趣加强了，所以她才会想要学习汉语这门语言。bolster意为“增强”，与fuel意思一致。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“She strives to capture the complicated patterns of the brocade in her paintings, weaving local culture into her creations—a process that has brought her profound satisfaction.(她努力在画作中捕捉黎族织锦的复杂图案，将当地文化融入她的创作中——这一过程给她带来了极大的满足感。)”可知，她的画作中捕捉了黎族织锦的复杂图案，融合了黎族的文化。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段“In Aleksandra’s studio in Haikou, the capital of Hainan, an oil painting of St. Basil’s Cathedral hangs beside a portrait capturing the grace of a woman from the Li ethnic group, symbolizing two distinct aspects of the artist’s life.(在海南省会海口的Aleksandra工作室里，一幅圣巴索大教堂的油画挂在一幅描绘黎族女性优雅的肖像旁边，这象征着这位艺术家生活的两个不同方面。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位俄罗斯女画家Aleksandra受中国文化的吸引，在海口定居并成立了工作室，在这里她深深爱上了黎族文化，由此可知，本文主要是为了介绍一位在中国生活的外国艺术家。故选D。 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了密歇根城市农业倡议（MUFI）致力于通过创建可持续的食物来源将社区团结在一起，将居民社区打造成农业乐园。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now, it’s been over 10 years, and MUFI is still running strong.(现在，已经过去10多年了，MUFI仍然很强大。)”和“Today there are 90 such “agrihoods” in the U.S., with another 27 in development.(如今，美国有90个这样的“农业社区”，另有27个正在开发中。)”可推测出，MUFI在十多年里一直发展壮大，美国发展了许多MUFI推崇的“农业社区”，由此可见它受到了全国的广泛认可。故选C。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Their mission is to use urban agriculture as a platform to promote education, sustainability, and community in an effort to empower urban communities, solve many social problems facing Detroit, and potentially develop a broader model for redevelopment for other urban communities.(他们的使命是利用城市农业作为平台，促进教育、可持续发展和社区发展，努力赋予城市社区权力，解决底特律面临的许多社会问题，并潜在地为其他城市社区开发更广泛的重建模式。)”可推测出，MUFI致力于通过农业改善社区状况，促进社区的发展。故选A。 10．主旨大意题。根据第四段“To accomplish this, they have used a variety of creative techniques to transform residential properties into agricultural landscapes. In one video, on the MUFI YouTube channel, they show how they used the basement plot of a destroyed house as a cistern (蓄水池). They’re also working to turn an old building into a brightly colored community center.(为了实现这一目标，他们使用了各种创造性的技巧，将住宅物业改造成农业景观。在MUFI YouTube频道的一段视频中，他们展示了如何将一座被毁房屋的地下室用作蓄水池。他们还在努力把一座旧建筑变成一个色彩鲜艳的社区中心。)”可知，本段主要介绍了他们如何利用各种创造性的技巧将住宅区改造成农业景观，这展示了MUFI在农业上所作出的努力。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“They note that individual households are provided food on a “pay what you can” model.(他们指出，每个家庭都按照“尽你所能付费”的模式获得食物。)”可知，“pay what you can”指的是能付多少钱，就付多少钱，由此可推测出，MUFI采用这样的模式为家庭提供食物，是为了让每个家庭都能负担得起，从而造福社区的所有人。故选B。 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一家日本公司研发出了一款人工智能变声器，可以检测出愤怒的尖叫声并将其转化为语调温柔的声音，从而减轻呼叫中心操作员所面临的压力。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“A Japanese company has developed an artificial intelligence filter (变声器) that can detect angry screams and translate them into calm speech in order to reduce the stress experienced by call center operators.(一家日本公司开发了一种人工智能变声器，可以检测愤怒的尖叫声并将其翻译成平静的语音，以减轻呼叫中心操作员面临的压力。)”和第二段中的“However, one Japanese company may have come up with a much more efficient solution—using AI to completely take screaming and aggressive speech out of the equation. SoftBank claims to have spent three years creating a voice filter that detects screaming and automatically translates it into calm speech.(然而，一家日本公司可能已经提出了一种更有效的解决方案——使用人工智能完全消除尖叫和攻击性言论。SoftBank声称花了三年时间创建了一个语音过滤器，可以检测尖叫并自动将其翻译成平静的语音。)”可知，SoftBank发明人工智能变声器是为了缓解呼叫中心操作员的压力。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Interestingly, the filter doesn’t change any of the words spoken by the person, but significantly softens the intonation. The call center operator will still hear any insults (辱骂) uttered, only in a soft tone, which should help reduce their stress and anxiety.(有趣的是，变声器不会改变这个人说的任何词，但会显著软化语调。呼叫中心操作员仍然会听到别人讲出的任何辱骂，只是用柔和的语气，这应该有助于减轻他们的压力和焦虑。)”可知，人工智能变声器可以让呼叫中心操作员听到用柔和的语气讲出的生气话语。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“To train the AI, SoftBank’s engineers asked 10 actors to record at least 100 common phrases including screams, accusations, threats, and demands for an apology. In total, more than 10,000 pieces of voice data were used to train the AI filter.(为了训练人工智能，SoftBank的工程师要求10名演员录制至少100个常见短语，包括尖叫、指控、威胁和道歉要求。总共使用了10000多条语音数据来训练人工智能变声器。)”可知，工程师为了训练人工智能变声器，他们收集了生气声音的语音数据。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s unclear when SoftBank plans to apply the new scream-filtering AI in its call centers, but it will be interesting to see how well it works and how it impacts the emotional well-being of operators.(目前尚不清楚SoftBank计划何时在其呼叫中心应用新的人工智能尖叫变声器，但看看它的工作效果如何以及它如何影响操作员的情绪健康将会很有趣。)”可知，虽然不知道这款人工智能变声器何时投入使用，但作者认为看看它的工作效果以及对操作员情绪的影响力会很有趣，由此可推测出，作者对这款人工智能变声器怀有期待。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$