专题07 阅读理解之说明文-【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语分类汇编（广州专用）

专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 1.本文主要讲述了升级回收 （upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过 Grace 的故事展示了 “升级回收 ” 的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”。 2.本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。 2023年 说明文 本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。 2022年 说明文 1.本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。 2.本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。 2021年 说明文 1.介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。 2.文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。 2020年 说明文 本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。 （2024·广东广州·中考真题）Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product. When you upcycle an object, you are probably doing something different. You can simply refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled object is usually in the same, or even better condition. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modem-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were no longer useful. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling. Upcycling can just require your own ideas and work, but recycling requires energy (能源) or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. In fact, no matter you create objects from old things or buy ready-made products from upcycled things, both ways are helpful for the environment and can bring you something that’s both beautiful and useful. Get started today! 1．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in paragraph 2? A．Break down useless things. B．Collect used things. C．Create things out of old ones. D．Come up with good ideas. 2．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．It’s a completely new idea. B．It needs more energy. C．It requires more time and work. D．It’s a greener way of life. 3．Why does the writer tell the story of Grace in paragraph 5? A．To list the steps of doing upcycling. B．To give a good example of upcycling. C．To express a different idea of upcycling. D．To provide basic knowledge of upcycling. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to do upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To compare upcycling with recycling. D．To explain the importance of recycling （2024·广东广州·中考真题） Many people know that robots explore space and build things in factories. But did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these robots and find out what they do. Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more. It has the ability to walk more carefully and skillfully than other robots. Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest. It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists. This robot can watch how the environment changes for a long period of time, which is difficult for humans. Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen. It uses its arms to do all the things human cooks might do when they make food. But it makes much more food than human cooks. It can prepare a pie in 45 seconds and cook 80 pies an hour. It even divides your pie and boxes it up. Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water. It can reach the part which is too deep for a human diver. Humans program where the robot should go and what it should do. This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things. But it can’t work for long underwater. 5．Which of the following shows the correct match between the robots and their working places? A．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—① B．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—④ C．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—① D．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—④ 6．What is an advantage of Robot 3? A．It makes the food more delicious. B．It cooks different kinds of food. C．It prepares food at a faster speed. D．It keeps the kitchen clean and tidy. 7．What can Robot 2 and Robot 4 both do? A．Study the information for scientists. B．Keep working for a long period of time. C．Help humans learn more about the Earth. D．Do lots of heavy housework for people. （2023·广东广州·中考真题）People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past? Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word. Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him. So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker. As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words. 8．Why did dictionary writers read important books? A．To know more about the period. B．To collect words and their uses. C．To understand different subjects. D．To learn to use interesting words. 9．Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past?              A．①-③-④-② B．①-②-④-③ C．③-④-②-① D．③-①-④-② 10．What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past? A．It should be done by historians. B．It was a task of inventing and recording. C．It was long-time hard work. D．It had to use the law-making rules. 11．What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication? A．Be open to the new uses of words. B．Follow the dictionary strictly. C．Use online dictionaries instead. D．Try to create new words. （2022·广东广州·中考真题） Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering! In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you’ll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order. At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways ( See Figure 1 ). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game. Orienteering Control Card Culture Note: The first compass was invented by ancient Chinese people. It helps you find your way by always pointing to the North. Name Start time Course Age Class Finish time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 1 12．What will players carry in the game? A．A map, a compass and a flag. B．A flag, a compass and a card. C．A compass, a map and a card. D．A phone, a compass and a map. 13．Which of the following is a rule of the game? A．You don’t need to mark the cards. B．You can’t miss any of the controls to win. C．You have to find controls in numbered order. D．You must be the first to pass the finish line to win. 14．How many controls has Anna finished in the game? A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12. （2022·广东广州·中考真题）When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways. The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well. The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships. 15．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To discuss why people help each other. B．To describe the problems of giving help. C．To introduce the advantages of giving help. D．To explain how we can help others properly. 16．What does the underlined word “identify” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember. 17．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Act as a good listener to your friends. B．Learn how to give advice to your friends. C．Pay attention to your friends’ unusual acts. D．Build good relationships with your friends. 18．According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don’t follow your advice on their serious problems? A．Keep their problems as secrets. B．Let them make their own decisions. C．Find out the causes of their problems. D．Get help from their trusted teachers. （2021·广东广州·中考真题）     The top-selling album(唱片), Songs of the Humpback Whale, was made public in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales, and it helped save thousands of whales’ lives. The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds. He realized they were coming from whales. Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger and Katy Payne. When they listened, they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once. Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera(歌剧) singer. She also noticed another interesting fact: the sounds had clear patterns. According to scientists, an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song. Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians. The Paynes thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales’ songs. So Roger made the recordings into an album. At the time when the album came out, whales were often caught, killed and traded for money. Some kinds were even in danger of dying out. Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, they began to think differently. The album led people to take action to save whales. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made. Before it, in the 1950s and 1960s, more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below two thousand. It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea. It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world. 19．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To call on people to save whales. B．To tell how a good album was made. C．To show that whales are born singers. D．To introduce an album and its stories. 20．Who first found the special voices of the whales? A．A song recorder.B．An opera singer. C．A sound engineer. D．An animal scientist. 21．What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne? A．They could talk with scientists. B．They could sing like an opera singer. C．They could repeat interesting sounds. D．They could communicate through songs. 22．Which is one of the values of the album? A．It successfully stopped deep-sea whaling. B．It helped people understand whales better. C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists. （2021·广东广州·中考真题）Looking at the undone homework on his desk always makes David Grey feel uncomfortable.More often than not, David leaves his homework behind and surfs the Internet or watches TV instead, waiting until the last minute. “But the longer 1 wait,” says David, aged 15, “the more I worry.” Everyone procrastinates (拖延) because they want to feel good now.The way to do that is to avoid the task.You can procrastinate on nearly anything, even enjoyable tasks such as planning a vacation.“Some people procrastinate cleaning.Some people procrastinate by cleaning,” says Professor Peter Stone.Research has shown that the top tasks young people procrastinate are studying and going to bed. “One big cause for procrastination is that people are afraid of failure, of not meeting others’ expectations,” Stone adds. Some people believe that procrastination will make them thrive.But researchers disagree.“I did a study several years ago, asking procrastinators to finish a task in a certain period of time,” says Stone.“They did worse than non-procrastinators: they made more mistakes and they took longer.But they thought they did better.” No matter what the cause is, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you.For example, bedtime procrastination can lead to sleeplessness, which in turn can cause many other health problems. For those who need some drives to stop procrastinating, the best advice might be to take action first.If you’ve been procrastinating on forming a habit of exercise, just put on your walking shoes.A little bit of progress will get you moving. Next, find something to help you remember to take action.If you want to go to bed at 10:30 pm, you might set a timed dimmer switch (渐暗开关) at 10 pm.When the lights are dimmer, you’ll start going to bed.It works for most people. Finally, reward yourself every time you make progress.For example, after you’ve run 3 km, enjoy your favourite ice-cream.But be careful: it won’t work the other way around. 23．What can be the best title of this passage? A．A day of a procrastinator B．Procrastination: yes or no? C．Say goodbye to procrastination D．Want to feel good now? Procrastinate! 24．What is the main reason for people’s procrastination? A．They want to avoid doing hard work. B．They fear to lose and let others down. C．They need to finish the top tasks first. D．They plan to do the enjoyable tasks last. 25．The underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．think faster B．work more successfully C．give up more easily D．worry too much 26．What should David do if he wants to stop procrastinating on a writing task? A．Put on some soft music to help think actively. B．Enjoy a favourite ice-cream, and then start writing. C．Search the Internet for enough ideas before starting. D．Pick up a pen and write down possible starting sentences. （2020·广东广州·中考真题）Five interesting sports Our most unusual sports from around the world Every country has a national sport and some popular sports are now played across the world, However, in most countries, people also play unusual sports, with strange or interesting rules. Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet. Man vs. Horse Marathon This race takes place in a small town in Wales, about 200 miles from London. It’s called a marathon (马拉松),but it's actually 35.4km, not 42.2km like a usual marathon.People race against horses across the hills and mountains.It started in 1981, but a human did not win until 2004. Camel Wrestling In Turkey, camel（骆驼）wrestling is a very old sport. The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come. In the sport, two camels fight against each other. Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous. Dragon Boat Racing Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end. There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water. Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries. Caber Toss In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it’s usually the size of a small tree. It’s an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out. Chess Boxing A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart. Players play a round of chess, followed by a round of boxing. There are eleven rounds in total. Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer. The sport is more popular in England and Germany. 27．What can we learn about Man vs. Horse Marathon? A．it is an outdoor sport. B．It first appeared 16 years ago. C．No human has ever won the game. D．It follows the rules of a usual marathon. 28．Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling? A．It should be stopped. B．It’s worth seeing. C．It s unfair to the animals. D．It’s sometimes dangerous to watch. 29．Which picture best describes Caber Toss? A．B．C． D． 30．Which sport is popular in Asia? A．Man vs. Horse Marathon. B．Dragon Boat Racing. C．Caber Toss. D．Chess Boxing. 31．How many sports have animals as players? A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4. （2020·广东广州·中考真题）What will astronauts（宇航员）eat when a space trip takes years? “Lots of fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station. And it’s a good thing that she has already started her work, because space gardening can be really hard. As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren’t growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力）helps a plant’s stems and roots to find “up”and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity. Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down. Now Dr. Williams was free to worry about the next problem:Would her baby plants live to flower? Can we grow food on a space journey? Many plants died in the space station. Dr. Williams thought she knew why: the space plants were hungry for air. Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air around, the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface! On Earth, the air is always moving. Gravity pulls down cold air, and warm air rises. And with these air movements, plants get enough CO2. Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move. The plants loved it. They flowered and even produced more seeds. Using Dr. Williams's method, astronaut George completed the first seed-to-seed experiment in space, and moved one plant closer to a garden in space. “And this,” says Dr.Williams, “is good news for long-term space travel.” 32．Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried to grow plants in space? A．To produce fresh air for astronauts. B．To help astronauts relax themselves. C．To provide food for long space journeys. D．To make the space garden more beautiful. 33．How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．It caused the gravity to change. B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster. C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction. D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables. 34．Why did many plants die in the space station? A．The light was too strong. B．There was too much CO2. C．There was not enough room to grow. D．The air condition was not good enough. 35．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to________. A．the moving air B．the closed room C．the space journey D．the space garden 36．What can we learn about Dr. Williams’s team from the passage? A．They mainly live on fresh vegetables. B．They have successfully built a space garden. C．They invented a special fan for their greenhouse. D．They have worked on space gardening for many years. （2024·广东广州·二模）When visitors feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line in the Palace Museum, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need. Thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, this modern solution will use 5G technology to build a “smart network”. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China’s royal palace from 1420 to 1911. “It’s important to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there was still much room for improvement in dealing with a large number of cultural relics (文物). Such as when the priceless painting “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 a.m. to have a look. The museum ended up preparing fast food to serve the hungry visitors. “I don’t want that situation to happen again,” Shan said. “Our work can be done more scientifically.” The new system will also make use of the closed-cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to keep the museum’s valuable relics safe. More than 1.86 million of them are stored at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas endangers these treasures?” Shan said. “After using the Internet of things, we can notice any movement about the relics at once to prevent such danger.” The 5G network also will be used to improve tele-meeting through cameras, in which scholars will discuss together to find the best answers to repair and store issues. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The smart network.B．The 5G technology.C．The Palace Museum. D．The priceless painting. 38．What is the purpose of giving the numbers in Paragraph 4? A．To show the Palace Museum is better than others. B．To show the Palace Museum has a rich collection of relics. C．To show the Palace Museum has a big challenge of relics protection. D．To show the Palace Museum enjoys great popularity all over the world. 39．What can the Palace Museum do with the 5G network? A．Make the relics safe. B．Take photos of visitors. C．Make fast food for visitors. D．Exhibit many paintings again. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How is the 5G technology used at the Palace Museum. B．What is the progress of exhibition at the Palace Museum. C．How to improve the relic’s protection at the Palace Museum. D．What are the advantages of the Internet at the Palace Museum. （2024·广东广州·三模）Watermelons are a favorite fruit, especially in the hot summer months. They are not only delicious but also fun to eat. With the rise of online shopping, more people are buying watermelons on the Internet. This trend has led to a special job: the watermelon quality tester. Lee, a 32-year-old man, is busy during the summer. He works as a quality checker for a group of farmers who grow watermelons. Every day, he checks thousands of watermelons to make sure they are perfect before they are sent to warehouses from where they will be sold online. To check a watermelon, Lee holds it near his ear and taps it gently with his fingers. By listening to the sound, he can tell if the watermelon is ripe (成熟) or ready to be eaten. The practice of checking watermelons by tapping on them is common in many countries, especially in China, where it is seen as a way to find the best fruit. Many people give the watermelon a little tap before buying it to make sure they are getting a good one. Some even do this just to get a better price, pretending to know what the different sounds mean. As more people shop for fruits online, there has been an increasing need of experts like Lee who can judge the quality of fruits with their hands. Their job is to make sure that each watermelon chosen for online sales is similar in size and quality. Lee, who used to be a successful soccer player, now describes himself as a “goalkeeper for watermelons”. He gave up soccer about four years ago and learned about melon-knocking as a new career and decided to learn from an experienced farmer. After a year’s training and practice, he became skilled enough to work independently as a quality checker. “It is a tough job. There are just no shortcuts,” he said. During his learning period, he often had to cut open watermelons to check if his judgements of their ripeness were correct. 41．What has led to the increasing need for watermelon quality testers? A．A rise in online watermelon sales. B．The popularity of watermelons. C．An increase in watermelon prices. D．The big harvest of watermelons. 42．What can we learn about Lee from the passage? A．He grows watermelons of good quality. B．He has become a skillful quality checker now. C．He regretted giving up his career as a soccer player. D．He can tell if a watermelon is ripe by its appearance. 43．What can we learn from Lee’s words in the last paragraph? A．Seeing is believing. B．Every man has his value. C．Great efforts and practice matter. D．Excellence can be found in any career. 44．In which section of the magazine would you probably read this passage? A．Food and Fitness. B．Science and Technology. C．Online Business. D．Career Choices. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读理解之说明文 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2024年 说明文 1.本文主要讲述了升级回收 （upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过 Grace 的故事展示了 “升级回收 ” 的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”。 2.本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。 2023年 说明文 本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。 2022年 说明文 1.本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。 2.本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。 2021年 说明文 1.介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。 2.文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。 2020年 说明文 本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。 （2024·广东广州·中考真题）Have you ever heard of upcycling? It is a way of turning old or unnecessary things into something useful and often beautiful. Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes old things, like paper and glass, and breaks them down to make a new product. When you upcycle an object, you are probably doing something different. You can simply refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt. Also, the upcycled object is usually in the same, or even better condition. Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Some of the best examples of modem-day upcycling come from the old times. In those days, things were repurposed over and over until they were no longer useful. Upcycling is a way of life. Things shouldn’t be just thrown away when they can be saved and turned into something useful. It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling. Upcycling can just require your own ideas and work, but recycling requires energy (能源) or water to break down things. Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats. Every day she drinks some tea, then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea out and puts the bags together to make an item of clothing. This can take a long time, but Grace has made lots of artworks. In fact, no matter you create objects from old things or buy ready-made products from upcycled things, both ways are helpful for the environment and can bring you something that’s both beautiful and useful. Get started today! 1．What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in paragraph 2? A．Break down useless things. B．Collect used things. C．Create things out of old ones. D．Come up with good ideas. 2．How is upcycling different from recycling? A．It’s a completely new idea. B．It needs more energy. C．It requires more time and work. D．It’s a greener way of life. 3．Why does the writer tell the story of Grace in paragraph 5? A．To list the steps of doing upcycling. B．To give a good example of upcycling. C．To express a different idea of upcycling. D．To provide basic knowledge of upcycling. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to do upcycling. B．To introduce the history of upcycling. C．To compare upcycling with recycling. D．To explain the importance of recycling 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了升级回收 （upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过 Grace 的故事展示了 “升级回收 ” 的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”。 1． 词义猜测题。根据“ For example, you might make a bag out of an old T-shirt”可知，refashion的意思是“用旧的东西创造新的东西”，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is also considered to be more environmentally friendly than recycling”可知，“升级回收”是一种更环保的生活方式，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Grace, a young woman from the UK, takes used tea bags and tums them into dresses, shoes and even hats”可知，作者通过Grace的故事来举一个“升级回收 ”的好例子，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Get started today!”以及全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”，故选A。 （2024·广东广州·中考真题） Many people know that robots explore space and build things in factories. But did you know that there are many other kinds of robots? Let’s meet some of these robots and find out what they do. Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more. It has the ability to walk more carefully and skillfully than other robots. Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest. It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists. This robot can watch how the environment changes for a long period of time, which is difficult for humans. Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen. It uses its arms to do all the things human cooks might do when they make food. But it makes much more food than human cooks. It can prepare a pie in 45 seconds and cook 80 pies an hour. It even divides your pie and boxes it up. Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water. It can reach the part which is too deep for a human diver. Humans program where the robot should go and what it should do. This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things. But it can’t work for long underwater. 5．Which of the following shows the correct match between the robots and their working places? A．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—① B．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—④ C．Robot 1—②, Robot 2—④, Robot 3—③, Robot 4—① D．Robot 1—③, Robot 2—①, Robot 3—②, Robot 4—④ 6．What is an advantage of Robot 3? A．It makes the food more delicious. B．It cooks different kinds of food. C．It prepares food at a faster speed. D．It keeps the kitchen clean and tidy. 7．What can Robot 2 and Robot 4 both do? A．Study the information for scientists. B．Keep working for a long period of time. C．Help humans learn more about the Earth. D．Do lots of heavy housework for people. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。 5．细节理解题。根据“Robot 1 If your family are moving to a new house, this two-legged robot is a good helper. It can lift several heavy boxes and carry them to the moving truck before returning inside for more”可知第一种机器人可以用于搬家时搬运沉重的箱子，故Robot 1和③对应；根据“Robot 2 Powered by the sun, this robot works in a forest”可知第二种机器人在森林里工作，故Robot 2和④对应；根据“Robot 3 This pie-making robot is cutting a pie into pieces in the kitchen”可知第三种机器人在厨房工作，故Robot 3和②对应；根据“Robot 4 This bright orange robot helps repair the machines under deep water”可知第四种机器人在深水下工作，故Robot 4和①对应。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“But it makes much more food than human cooks.”可知第三种机器人准备食物比较快。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据“It keeps an eye on everything from animal movements to the forest’s temperature, then sends the information back to the scientists”可知第二种机器人密切关注从动物运动到森林温度的一切，然后将信息发送给科学家；根据“This robot can also help humans explore the sea and discover new living things.”可知第四种机器人可以帮助人类探索海洋，发现新的生物；可见这两种机器人可以帮助人类更多地了解地球。故选C。 （2023·广东广州·中考真题）People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past? Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word. Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him. So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker. As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words. 8．Why did dictionary writers read important books? A．To know more about the period. B．To collect words and their uses. C．To understand different subjects. D．To learn to use interesting words. 9．Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past?              A．①-③-④-② B．①-②-④-③ C．③-④-②-① D．③-①-④-② 10．What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past? A．It should be done by historians. B．It was a task of inventing and recording. C．It was long-time hard work. D．It had to use the law-making rules. 11．What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication? A．Be open to the new uses of words. B．Follow the dictionary strictly. C．Use online dictionaries instead. D．Try to create new words. 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。 8．推理判断题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected.”（当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。也就是说，这些单词以及每个单词的用法都被收集了起来。）可推知词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法，故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words-both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.”、“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). ”、“Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word.”、“Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.”可知，过去制作字典首先把有趣的单词，日常使用和不寻常使用的常见单词，以及使用它们的句子记在卡片上；然后收集卡片时，按字母顺序（A-Z）排列；其次筛选卡片，根据词典编纂者认为的单词的常用用法将卡片分开；最后是按照硬性规定写下了定义，每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。所以正确的步骤是③-①-④-②。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected.”（对于一本真正的大字典来说，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。）可知过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知作者建议大家在使用词典时不能被它所控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们对旧词赋予新的用途，也就是接受词汇的新用法。故选A。 （2022·广东广州·中考真题） Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering! In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you’ll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order. At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways ( See Figure 1 ). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game. Orienteering Control Card Culture Note: The first compass was invented by ancient Chinese people. It helps you find your way by always pointing to the North. Name Start time Course Age Class Finish time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 1 12．What will players carry in the game? A．A map, a compass and a flag. B．A flag, a compass and a card. C．A compass, a map and a card. D．A phone, a compass and a map. 13．Which of the following is a rule of the game? A．You don’t need to mark the cards. B．You can’t miss any of the controls to win. C．You have to find controls in numbered order. D．You must be the first to pass the finish line to win. 14．How many controls has Anna finished in the game? A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12. 【答案】12．C 13．B 14．B 【导语】本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。 12．细节理解题。根据“In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations”及“At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据“If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their card”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。 14．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。 （2022·广东广州·中考真题）When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways. The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well. The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships. 15．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To discuss why people help each other. B．To describe the problems of giving help. C．To introduce the advantages of giving help. D．To explain how we can help others properly. 16．What does the underlined word “identify” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember. 17．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Act as a good listener to your friends. B．Learn how to give advice to your friends. C．Pay attention to your friends’ unusual acts. D．Build good relationships with your friends. 18．According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don’t follow your advice on their serious problems? A．Keep their problems as secrets. B．Let them make their own decisions. C．Find out the causes of their problems. D．Get help from their trusted teachers. 【答案】15．D 16．B 17．A 18．C 【导语】本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。 16．词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discover”。故选B。 17．段落大意题。根据“The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段“As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。 （2021·广东广州·中考真题）     The top-selling album(唱片), Songs of the Humpback Whale, was made public in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales, and it helped save thousands of whales’ lives. The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds. He realized they were coming from whales. Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger and Katy Payne. When they listened, they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once. Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera(歌剧) singer. She also noticed another interesting fact: the sounds had clear patterns. According to scientists, an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song. Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians. The Paynes thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales’ songs. So Roger made the recordings into an album. At the time when the album came out, whales were often caught, killed and traded for money. Some kinds were even in danger of dying out. Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, they began to think differently. The album led people to take action to save whales. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made. Before it, in the 1950s and 1960s, more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below two thousand. It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea. It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world. 19．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To call on people to save whales. B．To tell how a good album was made. C．To show that whales are born singers. D．To introduce an album and its stories. 20．Who first found the special voices of the whales? A．A song recorder.B．An opera singer. C．A sound engineer. D．An animal scientist. 21．What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne? A．They could talk with scientists. B．They could sing like an opera singer. C．They could repeat interesting sounds. D．They could communicate through songs. 22．Which is one of the values of the album? A．It successfully stopped deep-sea whaling. B．It helped people understand whales better. C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists. 【答案】19．D 20．C 21．D 22．A 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。 19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据原文“The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington”可知，是一位音响师首先发现了鲸鱼的特别声音。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据原文“Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera(歌剧) singer”可知，Katy Payne对鲸鱼用歌声进行交流感到很惊讶。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据原文“The album led people to take action to save whales … In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made”这张唱片让人们开始采取行动保护鲸鱼，并促成了深海捕鲸的禁令。故选A。 （2021·广东广州·中考真题）Looking at the undone homework on his desk always makes David Grey feel uncomfortable.More often than not, David leaves his homework behind and surfs the Internet or watches TV instead, waiting until the last minute. “But the longer 1 wait,” says David, aged 15, “the more I worry.” Everyone procrastinates (拖延) because they want to feel good now.The way to do that is to avoid the task.You can procrastinate on nearly anything, even enjoyable tasks such as planning a vacation.“Some people procrastinate cleaning.Some people procrastinate by cleaning,” says Professor Peter Stone.Research has shown that the top tasks young people procrastinate are studying and going to bed. “One big cause for procrastination is that people are afraid of failure, of not meeting others’ expectations,” Stone adds. Some people believe that procrastination will make them thrive.But researchers disagree.“I did a study several years ago, asking procrastinators to finish a task in a certain period of time,” says Stone.“They did worse than non-procrastinators: they made more mistakes and they took longer.But they thought they did better.” No matter what the cause is, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you.For example, bedtime procrastination can lead to sleeplessness, which in turn can cause many other health problems. For those who need some drives to stop procrastinating, the best advice might be to take action first.If you’ve been procrastinating on forming a habit of exercise, just put on your walking shoes.A little bit of progress will get you moving. Next, find something to help you remember to take action.If you want to go to bed at 10:30 pm, you might set a timed dimmer switch (渐暗开关) at 10 pm.When the lights are dimmer, you’ll start going to bed.It works for most people. Finally, reward yourself every time you make progress.For example, after you’ve run 3 km, enjoy your favourite ice-cream.But be careful: it won’t work the other way around. 23．What can be the best title of this passage? A．A day of a procrastinator B．Procrastination: yes or no? C．Say goodbye to procrastination D．Want to feel good now? Procrastinate! 24．What is the main reason for people’s procrastination? A．They want to avoid doing hard work. B．They fear to lose and let others down. C．They need to finish the top tasks first. D．They plan to do the enjoyable tasks last. 25．The underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．think faster B．work more successfully C．give up more easily D．worry too much 26．What should David do if he wants to stop procrastinating on a writing task? A．Put on some soft music to help think actively. B．Enjoy a favourite ice-cream, and then start writing. C．Search the Internet for enough ideas before starting. D．Pick up a pen and write down possible starting sentences. 【答案】23．C 24．B 25．B 26．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。 23．标题概括题。根据“For those who need some drives to stop procrastinating, the best advice might be to take action first”可知文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。C选项“对拖延说不”符合。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段“One big cause for procrastination is that people are afraid of failure, of not meeting others’ expectations”拖延的最主要的原因是人们害怕失败，不能满足别人的期望。故选B。 25．词义理解题。根据第三段“But researchers disagree ”和“They did worse than non-procrastinators: they made more mistakes and they took longer. But they thought they did better”他们做得比不拖延的人更差，他们有更多的错误，花的时间更长，但是他们以为他们做得更好。研究人员不赞成他们这样的想法。可知“ procrastination will make them thrive”表示“拖延会让他们成功”。B选项“work more successfully”符合。故选B。 26．推理判断题。根据“For those who need some drives to stop procrastinating, the best advice might be to take action first.”对于那些想停止拖延症的人，最好的建议是立刻采取行动。可知大卫如果想停止写作任务的拖延，应该立刻拿起笔开始写句子。故选D。 （2020·广东广州·中考真题）Five interesting sports Our most unusual sports from around the world Every country has a national sport and some popular sports are now played across the world, However, in most countries, people also play unusual sports, with strange or interesting rules. Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet. Man vs. Horse Marathon This race takes place in a small town in Wales, about 200 miles from London. It’s called a marathon (马拉松),but it's actually 35.4km, not 42.2km like a usual marathon.People race against horses across the hills and mountains.It started in 1981, but a human did not win until 2004. Camel Wrestling In Turkey, camel（骆驼）wrestling is a very old sport. The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come. In the sport, two camels fight against each other. Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous. Dragon Boat Racing Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end. There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water. Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries. Caber Toss In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it’s usually the size of a small tree. It’s an ancient Scottish sport. Visitors to the UK can check it out. Chess Boxing A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart. Players play a round of chess, followed by a round of boxing. There are eleven rounds in total. Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer. The sport is more popular in England and Germany. 27．What can we learn about Man vs. Horse Marathon? A．it is an outdoor sport. B．It first appeared 16 years ago. C．No human has ever won the game. D．It follows the rules of a usual marathon. 28．Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling? A．It should be stopped. B．It’s worth seeing. C．It s unfair to the animals. D．It’s sometimes dangerous to watch. 29．Which picture best describes Caber Toss? A．B．C． D． 30．Which sport is popular in Asia? A．Man vs. Horse Marathon. B．Dragon Boat Racing. C．Caber Toss. D．Chess Boxing. 31．How many sports have animals as players? A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4. 【答案】27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．B 【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。 27．细节理解题。根据Man vs. Horse Marathon中的信息People race against horses across the hills and mountains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。可知人和马的马拉松比赛是一项户外运动，故答案选A。 28．细节理解题。根据Camel Wrestling中的信息Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds, which can be dangerous.有时骆驼不想打架，它们会在人群中奔跑，这是很危险的。可知有时观看骆驼摔跤是很危险的，故答案选D。 29．细节理解题。根据Caber Toss中的信息In this sport, players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can. There is no rule about the size of the caber, but it’s usually the size of a small tree.在这项运动中，选手们要比赛把一大块叫做“木棒”的木头扔到尽可能远的地方。没有关于木柱大小的规定，但通常是一棵小树的大小。结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 30．推理判断题。根据Dragon Boat Racing中的信息Every year in China, thousands of people watch dragon boat races. 在中国，每年都有成千上万的人观看龙舟比赛。中国是亚洲的一个国家，可知赛龙舟在亚洲流行，故答案选B。 31．理解归纳题。根据Man vs. Horse Marathon中的信息People race against horses across the hills and mountains. 人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。以及Camel Wrestling中的信息In the sport, two camels fight against each other. 在这项运动中，两只骆驼互相搏斗。可知有两项运动中有动物作为运动员，故答案选B。 （2020·广东广州·中考真题）What will astronauts（宇航员）eat when a space trip takes years? “Lots of fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station. And it’s a good thing that she has already started her work, because space gardening can be really hard. As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren’t growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力）helps a plant’s stems and roots to find “up”and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity. Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down. Now Dr. Williams was free to worry about the next problem:Would her baby plants live to flower? Can we grow food on a space journey? Many plants died in the space station. Dr. Williams thought she knew why: the space plants were hungry for air. Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air around, the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface! On Earth, the air is always moving. Gravity pulls down cold air, and warm air rises. And with these air movements, plants get enough CO2. Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move. The plants loved it. They flowered and even produced more seeds. Using Dr. Williams's method, astronaut George completed the first seed-to-seed experiment in space, and moved one plant closer to a garden in space. “And this,” says Dr.Williams, “is good news for long-term space travel.” 32．Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried to grow plants in space? A．To produce fresh air for astronauts. B．To help astronauts relax themselves. C．To provide food for long space journeys. D．To make the space garden more beautiful. 33．How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．It caused the gravity to change. B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster. C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction. D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables. 34．Why did many plants die in the space station? A．The light was too strong. B．There was too much CO2. C．There was not enough room to grow. D．The air condition was not good enough. 35．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refers to________. A．the moving air B．the closed room C．the space journey D．the space garden 36．What can we learn about Dr. Williams’s team from the passage? A．They mainly live on fresh vegetables. B．They have successfully built a space garden. C．They invented a special fan for their greenhouse. D．They have worked on space gardening for many years. 【答案】32．C 33．C 34．D 35．A 36．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段“What will astronauts eat when a space trip takes years? ‘Lots of fresh vegetables, ’ says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station”可知是在太空种植植物是为了给太空旅行提供食物。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据“give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down”可知光线帮助植物按正确的方向生长。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据“the space plants were hungry for air”可知因为空气不是足够好，所以很多植物在太空死去。故选D。 35．词义猜测题。根据“keep the air move”可知此处it指的是移动的空气the moving air。故选A。 36．推理判断题。根据“Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move.”可知太空种植的钻研有很多年，故选D。 （2024·广东广州·二模）When visitors feel a need to sit down for a cup of tea or find a bathroom without a long line in the Palace Museum, they soon will be able to turn to their smart phones for the information they need. Thanks to an agreement signed on Friday by the museum and Huawei, this modern solution will use 5G technology to build a “smart network”. Under the agreement, 5G Wi-Fi signals will cover the Palace Museum, China’s royal palace from 1420 to 1911. “It’s important to always stay close to the latest technology to better serve the public,” said Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum. Shan said there was still much room for improvement in dealing with a large number of cultural relics (文物). Such as when the priceless painting “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 a.m. to have a look. The museum ended up preparing fast food to serve the hungry visitors. “I don’t want that situation to happen again,” Shan said. “Our work can be done more scientifically.” The new system will also make use of the closed-cameras that are set up all over the Palace Museum to keep the museum’s valuable relics safe. More than 1.86 million of them are stored at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year. “How can we make sure no single visitor who might have bad ideas endangers these treasures?” Shan said. “After using the Internet of things, we can notice any movement about the relics at once to prevent such danger.” The 5G network also will be used to improve tele-meeting through cameras, in which scholars will discuss together to find the best answers to repair and store issues. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The smart network.B．The 5G technology.C．The Palace Museum. D．The priceless painting. 38．What is the purpose of giving the numbers in Paragraph 4? A．To show the Palace Museum is better than others. B．To show the Palace Museum has a rich collection of relics. C．To show the Palace Museum has a big challenge of relics protection. D．To show the Palace Museum enjoys great popularity all over the world. 39．What can the Palace Museum do with the 5G network? A．Make the relics safe. B．Take photos of visitors. C．Make fast food for visitors. D．Exhibit many paintings again. 40．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How is the 5G technology used at the Palace Museum. B．What is the progress of exhibition at the Palace Museum. C．How to improve the relic’s protection at the Palace Museum. D．What are the advantages of the Internet at the Palace Museum. 【答案】37．D 38．C 39．A 40．A 【导语】本文主要讲述故宫将与华为合作，利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”，提升其管理水平，更好地保护文物，服务于公众。 37．词句猜测题。根据“…Such as when the priceless painting ‘Along the River During the Qingming Festival’ is exhibited again in the future. When it was last exhibited in 2015, visitors stood in long lines until 3 a.m. to have a look.”可知，单先生表示，在处理大量文物方面仍有很大改进空间，在2015年展出时，游客们排了很长的队，直到凌晨3点才得以一睹《清明上河图》的风采。此处的“it”指的是《清明上河图》。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“More than 1.86 million of them are stored at the museum, which recorded nearly 20 million visits from the public last year…’”可知，文物和游客非常多，而且想要确保没有任何一个怀有邪恶念头的访客能威胁到这些宝藏，所以举例数字是为了说明故宫面临着保护文物的严峻挑战。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“After using the Internet of things, we can notice any movement about the relics at once to prevent such danger.”可知，有了物联网之后，我们可以第一时间注意到文物的任何动静，从而杜绝这种危险。所以5G网络使得故宫可以确保文物的安全。故选A。 40．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述故宫将与华为合作，利用5G技术建立一个“智能网络”，提升其管理水平，更好地保护文物，服务于公众。选项A“5G技术在故宫的应用”符合主题，故选A。 （2024·广东广州·三模）Watermelons are a favorite fruit, especially in the hot summer months. They are not only delicious but also fun to eat. With the rise of online shopping, more people are buying watermelons on the Internet. This trend has led to a special job: the watermelon quality tester. Lee, a 32-year-old man, is busy during the summer. He works as a quality checker for a group of farmers who grow watermelons. Every day, he checks thousands of watermelons to make sure they are perfect before they are sent to warehouses from where they will be sold online. To check a watermelon, Lee holds it near his ear and taps it gently with his fingers. By listening to the sound, he can tell if the watermelon is ripe (成熟) or ready to be eaten. The practice of checking watermelons by tapping on them is common in many countries, especially in China, where it is seen as a way to find the best fruit. Many people give the watermelon a little tap before buying it to make sure they are getting a good one. Some even do this just to get a better price, pretending to know what the different sounds mean. As more people shop for fruits online, there has been an increasing need of experts like Lee who can judge the quality of fruits with their hands. Their job is to make sure that each watermelon chosen for online sales is similar in size and quality. Lee, who used to be a successful soccer player, now describes himself as a “goalkeeper for watermelons”. He gave up soccer about four years ago and learned about melon-knocking as a new career and decided to learn from an experienced farmer. After a year’s training and practice, he became skilled enough to work independently as a quality checker. “It is a tough job. There are just no shortcuts,” he said. During his learning period, he often had to cut open watermelons to check if his judgements of their ripeness were correct. 41．What has led to the increasing need for watermelon quality testers? A．A rise in online watermelon sales. B．The popularity of watermelons. C．An increase in watermelon prices. D．The big harvest of watermelons. 42．What can we learn about Lee from the passage? A．He grows watermelons of good quality. B．He has become a skillful quality checker now. C．He regretted giving up his career as a soccer player. D．He can tell if a watermelon is ripe by its appearance. 43．What can we learn from Lee’s words in the last paragraph? A．Seeing is believing. B．Every man has his value. C．Great efforts and practice matter. D．Excellence can be found in any career. 44．In which section of the magazine would you probably read this passage? A．Food and Fitness. B．Science and Technology. C．Online Business. D．Career Choices. 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了随着网购西瓜的兴起，32岁的李从一名足球运动员转而成为了一名优秀的西瓜品质检验员。 41．细节理解题。根据“With the rise of online shopping, more people are buying watermelons on the Internet. This trend has led to a special job: the watermelon quality tester.”可知是网购西瓜的兴起衍生了一个特殊的工作——西瓜品质检验员。故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据“After a year’s training and practice, he became skilled enough to work independently as a quality checker.”可知李现在成长为了一名技艺娴熟的西瓜品质检验员。故选B。 43．推理判断题。根据“It is a tough job. There are just no shortcuts”可推断西瓜检验员的成长没有捷径，需要不断地努力和练习。故选C。 44．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了随着网购西瓜的兴起，32岁的李从一名足球运动员转而成为了一名优秀的西瓜品质检验员。因此推断这篇文章可能出现在报纸的职业选择板块。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$