2025届高三英语一轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案：早晚高峰堵车

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜英国政府放大招！以后早晚高峰有望不堵车？ 每每堵在车流中动弹不得时，我们就恨不得自己所乘的车能长出翅膀飞起来，早高峰上班赶时间时就更是如此。如今，“打个飞的”去上班，正在从梦想变成现实。近日BBC一篇报道称，英国将在两年后见证“空中出租车”投入运营。“空中出租车”究竟是什么？若要普及开来，需要哪些方面的支持？ Government wants flying taxis to take off in 2 years The first flying taxi could take off in the UK by 2026 and become a regular sight in our skies two years later, if a government announcement goes to plan. The Future of Flight action plan, developed with the aerospace industry, also says drones and other flying vehicles will become more autonomous. It predicts that the first pilotless flying taxi will take off in 2030. There are a number of different models, but most flying taxis look like a futuristic helicopter and can usually carry about five people. They are part of a family of vehicles called "eVTOLs"—which stands for electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft. The technology for them exists now, but it is likely that the aircraft will start off as exclusive modes of transport —replacing expensive journeys currently done by helicopters. Their use is still in early stages, but the plan suggests drone deliveries would be commonplace by 2027. The biggest obstacles to getting flying taxis into the air are infrastructure and public perception. The proposals would require new infrastructure developments in the UK, such as "mini airports" for drones. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.autonomous (adj.) ________________________________________ 2.futuristic (adj.) ________________________________________ 3.exclusive (adj.) ________________________________________ 4.commonplace (adj./n.) ________________________________________ 5.infrastructure (n.) ________________________________________ 6.helicopter (n.)________________________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.________________________________________起飞，开始流行 2.________________________________________ 经常见到的景象 3.________________________________________按计划进行 4.________________________________________在早期阶段 5.________________________________________做某事的障碍 拓展练习阅读理解 Human doctors perform amputations (截肢), or removal of an arm, leg, or finger, after a serious injury. The purpose of this action is to prevent infection or disease. But humans are not alone in doing them. New research shows that some ants perform amputations on injured ants to help them survive an injury. The behavior was documented in Florida carpenter ants. Scientists said they observed these ants treating injured ants in the colony in two ways. They either cleaned the wound using their mouth parts or amputated the limb, or leg, by biting it off. The choice of care depended on the injury's location. When it was further up the leg, they always amputated. When it was further down, they never amputated. Erik Frank of the University of Wurzburg in Germany is the lead writer of the research. It appeared recently in the publication Current Biology. Frank said the study describes for the first time how a non-human animal uses amputations on another individual to save their life. The researchers studied injuries to the upper and lower parts of the leg. Such injuries are common ly found in different kinds of ants while fighting and hunting among insects and animals. Frank said, "The ants decide between amputating the leg or spending more time caring for the wound. We do not know how they decide this. But we know why the treatment differs." "It has to do with the flow of hemolymph (血淋巴). Injuries further down the leg have an increased hemolymph flow." Frank said. So harmful bacteria can enter the body after only five minutes. An amputation would not help infection after that time. He continued, "Injuries further up the leg have a much slower hemolymph flow, giving enough time for timely and effective amputations." The study found that after an upper le g injury, an ant that experiences amputation has a survival rate of 90 to 95 percent. For lower leg injuries in which just cleaning was performed. the survival rate was about 75 percent, compared to about 15 percent for injuries that received no care. 25．Why do ants perform amputations on injured members of their colony? A．To prepare for a future battle. B．To practice their survival skills. C．To show dominance over other ants. D．To ensure the survival of the injured ants. 26．What does Erik Frank think of their study? A．Pioneering. B．Interesting. C．Challenging. D．Disappointing. 27．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The two treatment methods for leg injuries. B．The survival rates after different treatments. C．The importance of hemolymph flow in injury response. D．The effect of hemolymph flow on amputation decisions. 28．What is the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To tell a unique story about ants. B．To share a new scientific discovery. C．To introduce some survival skills of ants. D．To persuade scientists to further research ants. 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.autonomous (adj.) 自治的 2.futuristic (adj.) 未来主义的 3.exclusive (adj.) 专有的，排他的 4.commonplace (adj./n.) 普通的，常见的（名词形式为普通事物） 5.infrastructure (n.) 基础设施 6.helicopter (n.) 直升机 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.take off 起飞，开始流行 2.a regular sight 经常见到的景象 3.to go to plan 按计划进行 4.in early stages 在早期阶段 5.an obstacle to doing something 做某事的障碍 【全文翻译】 英国政府希望两年后，空中出租车能顺利起飞 如果英国政府宣告的计划得以实现，英国第一辆“空中出租车”将于2026年起飞，并且两年后将成为常见的空中一景。 这个“飞行未来”行动计划由政府与航空航天业共同制定。该计划还表示无人机和其他飞行器将会更加自动化，并预计第一辆无人驾驶的空中出租车将在2030年投入使用。 现在已有几种不同型号的空中出租车，但大部分看起来都像是充满未来感的直升机，通常可搭载大约5个人。这些空中出租车都属于被称为“eVTOL”的飞行器系列，eVTOL代表的是电动垂直起降飞行器。 这种飞行器的技术现在已经存在，但很有可能，一开始只是用作一种专属的交通工具，取代目前由直升机来完成的昂贵行程。 这种无人机的使用仍处于早期阶段，但是先前提到的行动计划表明，到2027年，无人机送货将成为一种普遍现象。 让空中出租车飞上高空所面临的最大障碍，是基础设施和公众认知。这些新提议无疑会要求在国内建设全新的基础设施，比如给无人驾驶飞机准备的“迷你停机坪”。 拓展练习阅读理解 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 【导语】这是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了科学家们最近发现的一种特殊行为——蚂蚁对受伤同伴进行截肢手术。文章详细描述了这种行为的特点、原因和效果，突出了这一发现的科学意义。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“New research shows that some ants perform amputations on injured ants to help them survive an injury”（新的研究表明，一些蚂蚁会对受伤的蚂蚁进行截肢，以帮助它们更好地生存。）可知，蚂蚁进行截肢是为了帮助受伤的蚂蚁存活。故选D项。 26．推理判断题。文章第三段提到“Frank said the study describes for the first time how a non-human animal uses amputations on another individual to save their life”（弗兰克说，这项研究首次描述了非人类动物如何通过截肢来拯救另一个个体的生命）这表明这项研究是首次描述非人类动物对同类进行截肢以拯救生命的行为，因此可以推断Frank认为这项研究是开创性的(Pioneering)。故选A项。 27．主旨大意题。第五段“‘It has to do with the flow of hemolymph （血淋巴）. Injuries further down the leg have an increased hemolymph flow. ’Frank said. So harmful bacteria can enter the body after only five minutes. An amputation would not help infection after that time. He continued, ‘Injuries further up the leg have a much slower hemolymph flow, giving enough time for timely and effective amputations. ’”（这与血淋巴的流动有关。法兰克说，腿部下方的伤口会导致血淋巴流动增加。因此，有害细菌在仅仅五分钟内就能进入体内。在那段时间后，截肢对感染没有帮助。他接着说，腿部上方的伤口血淋巴流动要慢得多，这样就有足够的时间进行及时有效的截肢）主要介绍了血淋巴流动在蚂蚁决定是否截肢中的重要性。段落解释了伤口位置不同，血淋巴流动速度不同，这直接影响了蚂蚁的治疗决策。因此，该段主要强调的是血淋巴流动在处理伤口反应中的重要性。故选C项。 28．推理判断题。第一段“New research shows that some ants perform amputations on injured ants to help them survive an injury”（新的研究表明，一些蚂蚁会对受伤的蚂蚁进行截肢，以帮助它们更好地生存）介绍一项新的科学发现即蚂蚁对同类进行截肢手术的行为。其余段落细描述了这一发现的细节、原因和意义，明显是为了分享这一新的科学发现。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$