2025届高三英语一轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案：怎样选飞机座位才能更安全

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜开年“空中惊魂”连连，怎样选飞机座位才能更安全？ 2024开年，美国和日本接连发生的航空事故，让人们再次对飞行安全问题产生了担忧。波音737Max机型此前更是因短期内发生的两起致命坠机事故，在全球范围内被下令停飞长达20个月之久。事故如此频发，促使人们在选择飞机出行时，不由地开始顾虑怎样选择座位才能更好地保证自己的安全。飞机上真的存在最安全的座位吗？我们在选择飞机座位时又应该注意些什么？ Is There a Safest Seat on a Plane? Raise your hand if you're thinking more about where you sit on a plane, after the harrowing images from back-to-back mishaps at Alaska Airlines and Japan Airlines. Millions of travelers reach their destinations every day without incident: In 2022 there were 20 accidents on U.S. airlines with scheduled service, with one fatality, according to the National Transportation Safety Board. That's out of nearly 8.4 million departures. And the term "airline accident" covers either substantial damage to or serious injury on a plane from gate to gate. Yet fliers are rightfully spooked by close calls, and aviation-safety specialists say it's natural to wonder which airline seats are safest after midair incidents make the news. They’re quick to note there’s no satisfying answer—partly because air emergencies are as impossible to predict as they are rare. "There's really no 'safest' place to sit," says Anthony Brickhouse, an associate professor at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. "If you can tell me how an aircraft is going to crash," he says, "I can tell you where to sit." He says the back of the plane has proved safer, followed by seats near the wings. The wings' "strong structural components" make that part of the plane better able to withstand a crash, he says. Brickhouse favors exit-row seats for the extra legroom and the chance of a fast escape in an emergency. "If something does happen, I'm at the exit," he says. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.harrowing (adj.) 令人心痛的，悲惨的 2.back-to-back (adj./adv.) 背靠背的（形容词/副词），连续不断的 3.to be spooked by 被吓到 4.component (n.) 组成部分，元件 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.without incident 没有意外地 2.substantial (adj.) 实质性的，重大的 3.close call 险些发生的事故或灾难 4.make the news 成为新闻 5.quick to note 很快注意到 6.able to withstand 能够经受住 拓展练习阅读理解 I grew up hearing, “Figure it out, but don’t look it up.” I use this advice when I’m tempted(诱惑) to turn to a search engine for answers. Should all of us limit our use of technology? Nicholas Carr, the author of The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, says that we should take some time away from screens. “Deep thinking happens only when our minds are calm and attentive.” It is difficult to focus while we are using the Internet. People tend to look up a question and end up skimming(浏览) through unrelated information. Some people might not even notice when they start mindlessly clicking. In “Cognitive Offloading: How the Internet Is Changing the Human Brain”, Philip Perry describes a test that compared two groups. One group couldn’t use any sort of device to answer questions. The other group was allowed to use Google. The group that had access to their smartphones immediately looked up answers on the Internet. The group without smartphones were quicker at answering questions because they didn’t reach for their smartphones. While it’s true that the Internet gives us answers quickly and reliably, we may forget that we can get the answers so easily. David Price, a guest blogger on a website, says that teaching may be getting easier with Google because parents can now use the Internet to help with their kids’ homework. This led me to think about our schooldays. When my class had a math test, most of us used calculators(计算器) at every opportunity even though everyone in that room was able to solve each problem. The Internet is like that because we know the answers to many questions we search for. We have to at least attempt to use our minds for problem-solving so we don’t forget how to do so. If we always turn to technology for answers, we’ll never learn anything on our own. I understand that the problems with technology are only when it is used in a certain way, but it’s not the solution to every problem. The positives of technology don’t remove the negatives. It’s time to take a step back from technology and take a break from our devices. 21．What may happen when we’re using the Internet? A．We will be in a good mood. B．We will become less efficient. C．We will find it hard to think deeply. D．We will respond quickly to information. 22．What does the test in Paragraph 3 show? A．People are easily tempted by the information on the Internet. B．People don’t have to rely on the Internet all the time. C．A limit to the spread of the Internet is necessary. D．Webs can offer answers more reliably. 23．Why does the author mention his school math test? A．To show different learning methods at different times. B．To stress the importance of learning by ourselves. C．To express his agreement to Price’s opinion. D．To praise the development of technology. 24．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Is teaching becoming easier with parents’ help? B．Is the Internet teaching people not to think? C．How to use the Internet more wisely? D．What does technology bring us? 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.harrowing (adj.) 令人心痛的，悲惨的 2.back-to-back (adj./adv.) 背靠背的（形容词/副词），连续不断的 3.to be spooked by 被吓到 4.component (n.) 组成部分，元件 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.without incident 没有意外地 2.substantial (adj.) 实质性的，重大的 3.close call 险些发生的事故或灾难 4.make the news 成为新闻 5.quick to note 很快注意到 6.able to withstand 能够经受住 【全文翻译】 飞机上有最安全的座位吗？ 在看到美国阿拉斯加航空（Alaska Airlines）和日本航空（Japan Airlines）接连发生事故的恐怖画面之后，如果你开始更加关心飞机上的座位选择，请举手。 每天都有大量旅客安然无恙地抵达目的地：根据美国国家运输安全委员会发布的数据，2022年，美国定期航班共发生20起事故，造成一人死亡，该年起飞航班数总计接近840万次。而“航空事故”一词涵盖了飞机从起飞到降落过程中，发生重大损坏或乘客受重伤的情况。 不过，乘客在侥幸躲过一劫后感受到惊恐是很正常的。航空安全专家们表示，在空中事故上了新闻之后，人们自然会想要知道飞机哪些座位是最安全的。但他们很快就指出，这个问题没有令人满意的答案，一定程度上是因为空中紧急情况十分罕见，因此难以预测。 美国安柏瑞德航空大学副教授安东尼·布里克豪斯（Anthony Brickhouse）称：“确实没有‘最安全’的座位。如果你能告诉我飞机将如何坠毁，我就能告诉你该坐在哪里。”他同时表示，事实证明飞机的后部更安全，其次是靠近机翼的座位。他说，机翼“坚固的结构部件”使得飞机的这一部分能够更好地抵御坠机的冲击。 布里克豪斯偏爱靠近出口的座位，因为有更大的伸腿空间，而且在紧急情况下有机会快速逃生。他说：“如果真的发生了什么事，我就在出口处。” 拓展练习阅读理解 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了过度依赖互联网搜索对我们思考能力的影响。文章引用了几位专家的观点，通过实验和个人经历来说明，过度依赖技术会削弱我们的深度思考能力和解决问题的能力。 21． 细节理解题。根据第二段中““Deep thinking happens only when our minds are calm and attentive.” It is difficult to focus while we are using the Internet.(“只有当我们的头脑保持冷静和专注时，才会进行深度思考。”我们上网时很难集中注意力。)”可知，我们在使用互联网时很难集中注意力进行深度思考，故选C。 22．推理判断题。根据第三段中“One group couldn’t use any sort of device to answer questions. The other group was allowed to use Google. The group that had access to their smartphones immediately looked up answers on the Internet. The group without smartphones were quicker at answering questions because they didn’t reach for their smartphones.(一组不能使用任何设备回答问题。另一组被允许使用谷歌。能够访问智能手机的小组立即在互联网上查找答案。没有智能手机的那组人回答问题的速度更快，因为他们没有拿起智能手机。)”可知，这个实验显示人们不必一直依赖互联网，故选B。 23．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When my class had a math test, most of us used calculators (计算器) at every opportunity even though everyone in that room was able to solve each problem. The Internet is like that because we know the answers to many questions we search for. We have to at least attempt to use our minds for problem-solving so we don’t forget how to do so. (当我的班级进行数学考试时，我们大多数人一有机会就使用计算器，尽管教室里的每个人都能解出每道题。互联网就是这样，因为我们知道我们搜索的许多问题的答案。我们至少要尝试用我们的大脑来解决问题，这样我们才不会忘记如何去做。)”可知，作者提到他的数学考试是为了强调我们自己学习的重要性，故选B。 24．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段中“If we always turn to technology for answers, we’ll never learn anything on our own.(如果我们总是向技术寻求答案，我们永远不会自己学到任何东西。)”可知，文章主要讨论的是互联网使人们不去思考的问题，所以适合的标题为：互联网正在教人们不去思考吗?故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$