2025届高三英语一轮复习培优外刊阅读导学案： 皇家邮政

高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜500年历史的皇家邮政被卖给外国人，英国人天塌了？ 近日，英国皇家邮政（Royal Mail）收购案引发全球关注。英国皇家邮政由亨利八世创立于1516年，2013年经历了私有化改革，这次收购将导致其500多年发展历史上首次落入外国人手中。有英国媒体对此评论称，这真是国家的耻辱。英国皇家邮政有过怎样的辉煌历史？又遭遇了怎样的危机？ Royal Mail, Delivering Letters for 500 Years, to Be Sold to Czech Billionaire The owner of the U.K.'s Royal Mail — International Distribution Services accepted an offer of 3.57 billion pounds, or about $4.56 billion, from Czech billionaire Daniel Kretinsky's EP Group. The Royal Mail has a storied history but has suffered in recent years like most one-time postal monopolies around the world. Letter volumes have dropped since the dawn and widespread adoption of email. Competition from new delivery services has also heated up. The service traces its roots back to 1516 when it was created by Henry VIII to deliver mail between his royal court, a service that carried on for the next 119 years. Charles I opened the service to the general public in 1635. It took on the name Royal Mail in 1784 and launched the world's first adhesive postage stamp, called the Penny Black, in 1840. The launch of the stamp led to a surge in mail volumes, which rose from 67 million in 1839 to 242 million by 1844, and more than 1 billion a year by 1875. Letter volumes peaked at 20 billion a year in the 2004-5 fiscal year, according to Royal Mail's website. It was 7 billion in the 2022-3 period. In five years time, Royal Mail expects volumes to drop to 4 billion, though it expects parcel volumes to grow. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.storied (adj.) _____________________________________ 2.one-time (adj.) _____________________________________ 3.adhesive (n./adj.) _____________________________________ 4.deliver (v.) _____________________________________ 5.billionaire (n.) _____________________________________ 6.distribution (n.) _____________________________________ 7.monopoly (n.) _____________________________________ 8.adoption (n.) _____________________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1._____________________________________...的黎明 2._____________________________________某物的广泛采用 3._____________________________________升温，加剧 4._____________________________________. 追溯某人的根源到... 5._____________________________________.的激增 6._____________________________________ 短暂地观看 7._____________________________________ 财政年度 拓展练习阅读理解 An artificial intelligence (AI) tool of street view could be used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease — a condition where the heart’s arteries (动脉) are blocked, limiting blood flow to the heart by analysing neighbourhood environments, according to research. A study, published in the European Heart Journal, monitored everyday surroundings, including the quality of roads, buildings, and green spaces, and the role they play in determining heart health. Researchers were able to track the link between these environmental elements, including the presence or absence of pollution, and the risk of coronary heart disease. They found that these neighbourhood characteristics could account for 63% of the differences in heart disease risk from one community to another. The discovery stems from analysing more than half a million AI street view images across US cities, using computer vision to identify and interpret details that might go unnoticed by the human eye. The data provides urban planners and public health officials with information to design healthier living spaces and neighbourhoods. “Undoubtedly, there is a vast amount of social, economic and environmental data set,” said one of the study's authors, Prof Sanjay Rajagopalan. “However, there still remain significant gap s in our knowledge regarding unique environmental aspects of data that are currently beyond human comprehension. This is where the use of computer vision approaches may enable unique understanding of the physical and built environment.” By employing AI, researchers have been able to examine the details of neighbourhoods’ environment. The study employed computer vision technology, including applications used in medical imaging and autonomous driving, to identify details and then interpret them to make predictions or decisions. “We are getting to a place in human civilization where traditional approaches that have been used are rather limited and the use of AI to enhance human understanding is going to be critically important at solving complex problems,” Prof Rajagopalan said. 5．What is the finding of the study? A．How people can prevent heart diseases. B．How environments affect heart health. C．How AI can reduce heart disease risks. D．How the heart's arteries are blocked. 6．What can the finding of the study help to do? A．Promote computer technology. B．Reduce air and water pollution. C．Design green neighbourhoods. D．Advertise for an AI company. 7．Why was computer vision used in the study? A．The researchers had no environmental data. B．It had solved some environmental problems. C．People ignored the environment they live in. D．It helped people understand the environment. 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The development of AI for hospitals B．The medical use of a street view tool C．The insight into healthy neighbourhoods D．The link between the heart and environment 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.storied (adj.) 有故事的，历史悠久的 2.one-time (adj.) 一次的，从前的 3.adhesive (n./adj.) 粘合剂（名词）；粘性的（形容词） 4.deliver (v.) 递送，发表 5.billionaire (n.) 亿万富翁 6.distribution (n.) 分配，分发 7.monopoly (n.) 垄断 8.adoption (n.) 采纳，收养 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.the dawn of something ...的黎明 2.the widespread adoption of something 某物的广泛采用 3.to heat up 升温，加剧 4.trace one's roots back to ... 追溯某人的根源到... 5.a surge in ...的激增 6.peak at 短暂地观看 7.fiscal year 财政年度 【全文翻译】 英国皇家邮政送信业务长达500年，即将出售给捷克亿万富豪 英国皇家邮政（Royal Mail）的所有者——英国国际配送服务公司（International Distribution Services）同意以35.7亿英镑或约45.6亿美元的价格，将其出售给捷克亿万富豪丹尼尔·克雷钦斯基（Daniel Kretinsky）控股的EP集团。 英国皇家邮政历史悠久，但近些年却像世界上大多数曾经的邮政垄断企业一样遭受重创。随着电子邮件的出现和广泛应用，信件数量急剧下降。来自全新快递服务的竞争也日趋白热化。 英国皇家邮政的送信业务可追溯到1516年，由亨利八世（Henry VIII）创办，主要在王室宫廷之间递送信件，一直持续了119年。随后在1635年，查尔斯一世（Charles I）将这一服务向公众开放。1784年，该服务开始使用“皇家邮政”这一名称，并在1840年推出全球首枚可贴附邮票，名为“黑便士”。 邮票的发行促使信件数量猛增，从1839年的6700万件增加到1844年的2.42亿件，到1875年信件量已超过每年10亿件。 英国皇家邮政官网的数据显示，信件量在2004-2005财年达到峰值，每年200亿件。而在2022-2023财年已降至70亿件。英国皇家邮政预计未来5年，信件量将降至40亿件，但包裹量会增长。 拓展练习阅读理解 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了利用人工智能街景工具分析社区环境，预测冠心病风险的研究，揭示了环境因素对心脏病风险的影响，并强调AI在解决复杂问题中的重要作用。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Researchers were able to track the link between these environmental elements, including the presence or absence of pollution, and the risk of coronary heart disease. (研究人员能够追踪这些环境因素（包括是否存在污染）与冠心病风险之间的联系。)”可知，该研究能够发现环境因素，如道路、建筑、绿地等的质量以及污染的存在与否，是如何影响心脏健康的，即环境如何影响心脏健康。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The data provides urban planners and public health officials with information to design healthier living spaces and neighbourhoods. (这些数据为城市规划者和公共卫生官员提供了设计更健康的生活空间和社区的信息。)”可知，研究发现的数据可以帮助创建更多绿色和健康的社区环境。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“This is where the use of computer vision approaches may enable unique understanding of the physical and built environment. (这就是使用计算机视觉方法可以对物理和建筑环境进行独特理解的地方。)”可知，计算机视觉方法的使用可以使人们对物理环境和建筑环境有独特的理解。故选D项。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“An artificial intelligence (AI) tool of street view could be used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease—a condition where the heart’s arteries (动脉) are blocked, limiting blood flow to the heart by analysing neighbourhood environments, according to research. (根据研究，街道视图的人工智能（AI）工具可用于预测冠心病的风险，冠心病是一种心脏动脉阻塞的疾病，通过分析邻近环境来限制流向心脏的血流。)”可知，文章主要讲述了利用街景人工智能工具预测冠心病风险的研究，并强调了这种工具在医学上的应用。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$