Unit2 Topic1 同步知识归纳与学案练习2024-2025学年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册

Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems Section A要点归纳 一、必背单词 1. n. 村民→ n. 村庄 2. v.摧毁，破灭 → 过去式 → 过去分词 3. v. 污染→ n. 污染 二、必背短语 1. It was a mess! 真是一团糟！ 2. What a shame! 真遗憾呀！ 3. pour… into…   把……排放到…… 4. have a picnic 野餐 5.cut down 砍倒 三、必背句型 1. Where shall we go ? 我们去哪呢？ Shall 通常与第一人称连用，表示提建议，相当于 will 提建议的其他表达：⑴ How/ What about ... ⑵ Why not = Why don’t you + V原？ ⑶ Let’s + V原 ⑷ You had better (not) + V原 2. There were several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream. 看，有几家化工厂正在往小溪排放废水。 There be +sth./sb. +doing sth. 有某人或某物正在做…。如： There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有些鸟儿在歌唱。 There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有个小女孩在哭。 翻译：操场上有几个男孩正在打篮球。 几个女孩正在公园里放风筝。 3. What a shame! / What a beautiful place! what和how引导的感叹句 What 引导 What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！ 一.填空： 1. ________ long the bridge is! Let me drive you over it. 2. ________ bad weather it is today! 3. ________ a bad thing he told us! 4. ________ nice fish they cooked ! 5. ________ careless he is! 6. ________ interesting the movie is! 7. ________ expensive pants! 二.句型转换（what和how感叹句型相互转换）： 1.What a stupid question it is! 2.How beautiful the birds are! 3.How clever a girl she is! What+形容词+可数名词复数（+主语+谓语）！ What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ How引导 How +形容词或副词（+主语+谓语） How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ 4. The air is fresh and the water is clean, and you can see bees and butterflies dancing.这里空气清新，水清澈，你可以看见蜜蜂，蝴蝶正在跳舞。 1).see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” ，强调动作正在进行，常与when连用。 如：I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路。 2).see sb. do sth. “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程，常与every day; often等连用。 如：I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画。 类似的有watch，hear，feel 等这类感观动词。 1). I saw my mother when I came back.(watch TV) 2). I often saw him the basketball on the playground during the summer holidays.(play) 5. 【旧】What has happened here? 这里发生了什么？ 6. Everything has changed. 一切都变了。 【单词辨析】 choice ____________ change _____________ chance ______________ 复合不定代词考点： ⑴ some-类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中； any-类复合不定代词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。 some-类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，往往表示希望对方给予肯定 的答复，表示肯定的意义。 any-类复合不定代词用于肯定句时表示“任何”之意。 【练】—What a bad day! —Everyone has one of those days when _______ goes right. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something ⑵复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：Someone is asking to see you. 有人找你。 【练】No one to read such books.(want) 没有人想看那样的书。 ⑶复合不定代词的定语（介词短语、形容词短语、定语从句等）常置于不定代词 的后面。（复合不定形后置，动词永远用单数） 【练】 There's ________________（没什么不对） with being polite to others. We're trying to do ___________________（一切可能的事） to help you. 7. It was too dirty for me to live in. ( too ... for sb. to do 太...某人不能做某事） 【随堂练习】 I. 单项选择 1. Look, there are some boys _____football on the playground. A. play B. playing C. played 2. There ____ so many young people ____ Present Xi's wise words to youth so far. A.were, studying B.have been, studying C.are, study D.have, studying 3. –David missed the school concert because he was ill. –_______. A. My pleasure. B. What a shame ! C. Good luck. 4. When we went into the park, we saw someone _________ Chinese Kungfu. A. plays B. playing C. to play 5.Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor. A. running B. run C. runs 6. --- Do you often see Maria_______ on the playground? ---No, but she is often seen_____ the guitar in the park. A. run; play B. run;to play C. running, play D. running to play II.情景交际 1.你想知道这里发生了什么事情，可以这样问： ________________________________________________? 2.你看到房间里乱七八糟，你可以这样感叹： ________________________________________________! III. 看图写话 there be, play, now there be, pour, now _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Section B要点归纳 一、必背单词 1. v. 呼吸→ n.一次吸入的空气 2. n.疼痛，痛苦→ adj.痛苦的 3. v. 生产→ n.产品 4. adj. 有害的→ n. 伤害 5. n.运气 → adj.幸运的 → adv.幸运地 6. v.死亡 → n.死亡 → adj.死亡的 → adj.奄奄一息的 二、必背短语 1.in a bad/good mood 处在(不)好的情绪中 2.by the way 顺便问一下 3.be harmful to=do harm to 对…有害 4. had better (not) do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 5. what is/was worse 更糟的是 6. throw...around 乱扔... 7. have a pain in + 身体部位 某个地方疼 8. make one’s chest hurt 使某人的胸口疼痛 9. write to sb. to show one’s thanks 写信给某人表达感谢 10. make great efforts to do 努力去做某事 11. water/soil/noise/air/light pollution水污染/土地污染/噪音污染/空气污染/光污染 三、必背句型 1. How have you been? 你近况如何？ 2. It was difficult for me to breathe. 对于我来说呼吸很困难。 It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很...介词for是用来修饰事情的。如： It is necessary for us to learn English well. 区分：It is adj.of sb. to do sth. 其中的介词of是用来修饰人的。如： It is kind of you to help me. 翻译：对于我来说每天喝水是必要的。 3.What was worse, the factory made too much noise and I couldn’t sleep well at night.更糟糕的是，这个工厂制造太多噪音，我晚上睡不好。 too much, much too, too many 用法区别 We both have ______________ work to do．我们俩都有很多工作要做。 I'm afraid that this cap is ______________ big for me．这顶帽子我戴恐怕太大了。 Pollution has caused ______________problems. 4. I was always in a bad mood because I couldn’t bear the environment here. 我不能忍受这儿的环境，所以我总是心情不好。 in a bad mood心情不好=in low spirits in a good mood心情好 =in high spirits bear v.承受，忍受（=stand）; 过去式bore; 过去分词born 【随堂练习】 I.单项选择 1. -- farmers are using chemicals in the fields. --Yes, I think they mustn’t use chemicals in the fields. A. Too many; too much B. Too many; much too C. Too much; too many D. Too much; much too 2.—I don't like living in the city because there're ________people and there's________traffic. A. too many;too many B. too much;too many C. too many; too much 3.—Mr.Lee lost his job last week. —________his wife has a terrible illness and they don't have enough money to see doctors. A. In a word B. What's worse C. By the way 4. ---- How much does the new pair of shoes ? --- 128 Yuan. --- It is expensive. A. cost, much too B. spend, too much C. pay, too much 5. — Why is the boy crying? —He is badly hurt and can't _________ the pain. A. hide B. guide C. bear II.情景交际 1.看到Michael脸色不好， 你会这么问 _________________________________________， Michael ? 2.你的弟弟躺在床上看书，你想告诉他这样对眼睛有害，可以这么说： ______________________________________________________. 3.你看到路上有人乱扔垃圾，你想阻止他，可以这么说： ______________________________________________________. III.看图写话 do harm to, hearing Section C要点归纳 一、必背单词 1. n.丧失；损失;丢失→ v.遗失；错过；使迷路 2. adv.最近→ adj.最近的 3. adj. 使人不舒服的→ adj. 舒适的→ v. 使舒适 4. adj. 令人不快的→ pleasant adj. 令人愉快的 → pleased adj. 高兴的→ pleasure n.快乐，愉快 5. adj. 环境的→ n. 环境 6. v.包括→ prep. 包括…在内 7. n.噪音→ adj. 嘈杂的 → adv. 吵闹地 8. n.健康→ adj. 健康的 → adj. 不健康的 → adv. 健康地 9. v. 听见→ n. 听力 二、必背短语 1.be harmful to = do harm to 对...有害 2.go deaf / blind 变聋 / 瞎 3.hearing loss / lose one’s hearing 失聪 4. quite a few = many 许多 quite a little=much 5. It is/was reported that 据报道 6. no better than   同…….一样差 7.feel unpleasant/uncomfortable 感觉不愉快的/不舒适的 8.cause sb. to do sth. 导致、引起...做... 9.all sorts of 各种各样的 = all kinds of 三、必背句型 1.However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution. 并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染。 not 与both、all 、every 以及 every 的派生词连用时，表部分否定。如： Not everybody knows this secret. 不是人人知道这个秘密。 Nobody knows this secret. 没有一个人知道这个秘密。 I don’t know all of your names. 你们的名字我并不都知道。 I know none of your names. 我不知道你们所有人的名字。 2. Recently, it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do. 最近，据报道，美国许多青少年的听力几乎和65岁的老人一样差. 1). It is/was reported that….据报道 It is/was said that ….据说 翻译：据报道，政府已经采取措施保护环境。 ______________________________________________ 2).no better than 意为：同……（几乎）一样；和……（几乎）一样坏。如： The path is no better than a sheep track.那条路简直就是一条羊肠小道。 3.Making a loud noise in public is also a kind of pollution.在公共场合制造噪音也是一种污染。 4.It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people’s hearing.这不仅打扰了他人，而且对人们的听力也有害。 （1）not only…but also…不但……而且 ①这种结构属于“对称”的句型，要求only和also尽量用同样的词语，如： She not only reads English ,but also speaks French. 她不仅能看懂英语，而且还能说法语。 ②当用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but(also)后的名词或代词的数一致。 Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents are fond of watching football matches. 不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛。 扩展：neither..nor, either...or, both...and的用法 （2）be harmful to=do harm to 对…有害 1.—Don’t eat too much candy, for it’s_____ your teeth. —Oh,I get it.Thank you. A. harm to B.good for C.badly to D.harmful to 2._____ Tom_____Maria loves this sport. A.Both, and B.Not only, but also C.I, and D.Both, or 5.Nowadays, many countries are trying to solve all sorts of environmental problems, including noise pollution. 【随堂练习】 1.-Must we clean our classroom right now? -No.You just need clean it before all the students.______this morning_____this afternoon is OK. A.Both;and B.Either;or C.Not only;but also 2.—To have a bright future, we should __________ study hard __________ keep in good health. —I agree with you. A. either; or                     B. not only; but also C. not; but        3..Lily sings_______his sister. A. as bad as B.no better than C.as worse as 4. 一Tim, how do your parents like the TV show named The Birth of Actors? —_____ my dad_____ my mom likes it. They both prefer to watch the news. A.Either; or B.Neither; nor C. Not only; but also 5. Not only I but also he the movie already. A. has seen B. have seen C. sees 6 ---Kangkang did Mingming. Both of them failed the math exam. ---What a shame! A. as bad as B. no better than C. much better than 7. __________ Tom __________ Sam may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Not only; but also 8._____ my father______ my mother likes that movie.They both think it is very boring! A．Neither…nor B．Both…and C．Either…or 9. 你想强调噪音污染对我们的听力有害，你可以这样说： _______________________________________________________.     Section D要点归纳 一、必背单词 1. v.创造；造成→ adj.创造性的 2. n.朋友→ adj.友好的→ n.友谊 3. adj.特别的→ adv.尤其，特别 二、必背短语 1.take steps (=measures) to do 采取措施做... 2. sore eyes 眼睛疼痛 3.breathing problems 呼吸问题 4. lead to 导致 5. make + sb./sth. +adj 使某人或某物... 6. the development of industry工业的发展 7.as well （句末无逗号） 也 v.s. too （用于肯定句和疑问句，句末有逗号） 三、必背句型 1. It caused sore eyes and breathing problems. 2.Too much noise could cause high blood pressure as well.太多的噪音也会引起高血压。 3. Light pollution was caused by strong light. 光污染是由强光导致的。 cause的用法 1) 用作动词，表示“造成”、“使(发生)”，cause sth/ cause sb to do sth。如： Smoking can cause lung cancer. 吸烟可导致肺癌。 The cold weather caused the plants to die. 天气寒冷冻死了植物。 2) 用作名词，表示“原因”。 Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease. 吸烟是引起心脏病的一种原因。 4.With the increase in population and the development of industry, people had to put lots of litter into the land. 5.People would become deaf if they worked in a noisy place for a long time. 6.With less pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. 【随堂练习】 1.Every year driving after drinking wine_______a lot of traffic accidents. A.happens B.provides C.causes 2.There is _____ pollution in the world. We must stop it. A. much too B. too much C. too many 3.The machine produces ________ noise and it is really ________ noisy. A. too many; too much B. much too; too much C. too much; much too 4.That little girl ate__________ ice cream，so she had a stomachache. A．too many B．much too C．too much 【话题作文】 如何保护环境已经成为世界上最大的难题之一。请根据提示词，围绕地球上的各种污染造成的影响，并提出保护环境的倡议，写一篇80词左右的短文。 提示词： problem，kinds of pollution， such as, harm, pour, protect How to protect our environment has become one of the most important problems in the world. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 附：【自测】英译汉 bee [bi:] n.__________ butterfly ['bʌtəflaɪ]n. __________ mess [mes]n.__________ shame _________ several ['sevrəl] _________ waste [weɪst] adj./n./v.__________ villager ['vɪlɪdʒə]n__________ destroy [dɪ'strɔɪ] v __________ cut down__________ goodness ['gʊdnəs]n__________ breathe [bri:ð] v._________laborer____________ cruel____________project____________aid____________primary____________ contribution____________ make a contribution to____________ encourage ____________ moral____________ deaf [def] adj.__________print [prɪnt] v.__________pain [peɪn]n.__________ produce [prə'dju:s] n.__________ chest [tʃest] n.__________ awful ['ɔ:fl]adj.__________ bear [beə]v/ n. __________ editor ['edɪtə]n.__________ breath____________soil [sɔɪl] n.__________harmful ['hɑ:mfl] adj.__________ be harmful to_____________ create [kri'eɪt] v.___________blood [blʌd] n__________ hearing ['hɪərɪŋ]n.__________ loss [lɒs]n.__________ recently_____________ disturb [dɪ'stɜ:b] v.__________ do harm to __________ uncomfortable [ʌn'kʌmftəbl]adj.__________ unpleasant________________ sort [sɔ:t]n/v.__________ environmental [ɪn,vaɪrən'mentl]adj._________ including [ɪn'klu:dɪŋ] prep.__________ onto ['ɒntə]prep.__________ sentence ['sentəns]n.__________ coal [kəʊl] n.__________completely [kəm'pli:tli]adv. _________ user v.&n. __________ none [nʌn]pron __________ rubbish_______________ here and there_______________ spit [spɪt]v. _________ wild [waɪld]adj. __________ nobody__________ untidy____________ worst________________ rude [ru:d] adj. __________ high blood pressure_______________ planet ['plænɪt]n__________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$