Unit 5 Humans and Nature题型专项强化练(Word练习)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（北师大版2019）

UNIT 5　题型专项强化练 (限时：100分钟) Ⅰ.阅读 Greece Family Journey Greece Family Journey offered by G Adventures is a small-group trip, which is designed for curious families in search of meaningful ways to discover Greece together.Go back in time as you explore thousands of years of history on this 9-day journey through Greece.Experience a time long ago with interactive visits to Greece. Requirement： Greece Family Journey is intended for groups traveling with children.There must be a child in your group and anyone under the age of 18 must be accompanied by an adult.One adult may accompany up to 2 children. What's included： ·Gain a deep insight into Greek history with visits to the Acropolis, the Pantheon Museum and the Agora of Athens. ·Board a ship to Paros and step foot inside the church of Panagia Ekatontapiliani—one of the most important monuments(纪念碑) in all of Greece. ·Learn about some cooking methods of making local Greek food with a lively cooking class. ·Start a history-packed scavenger hunt (寻宝游戏) in Heraklion City, exploring Greek historical relics and discovering its rich culture. Dates & Prices： Departure(出发) dates Adult Child June 6, 2024 $3,000 Per Person $2,000 Per Child June 29, 2024 $3,000 Per Person $2,500 Per Child July 6, 2024 $4,000 Per Person $3,000 Per Child July 13, 2024 $4,000 Per Person $3,500 Per Child If you book online before June 1, 15% off for per child! 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/社会服务。本文为广告，介绍了一趟希腊家庭之旅的情况，主要包括其要求、提供的活动以及价格。 1．What is a must for the family signing up for Greece Family Journey? A．Taking at least one child. B．Having G Adventures membership. C．Reserving 9 days in advance. D．Having a good knowledge of Greece. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Requirement部分第二句可知，报名参加希腊家庭之旅的家庭必须至少带一个孩子，故选A项。 2．What can travelers do during the journey? A．Taste Greek food for free. B．Attend the church services. C．Visit Greek museums online. D．Admire Greek cultural heritage. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据What's included中Start a history-packed scavenger hunt (寻宝游戏) in Heraklion City, exploring Greek historical relics and discovering its rich culture可知，游客在旅行中可以欣赏希腊的文化遗产，故选D项。 3．What is the least cost for a couple with two kids if they depart on July 6? A．$9,400.　　　　 B．$11,900. C．$13,100. D．$14,000. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Dates & Prices下表格中对应July 6的信息，以及表格下的If you book online before June 1, 15% off for per child！可知，如果有两个孩子的夫妇在7月6日出发，最便宜的价格是13 100美元(＝4 000×2＋3 000×0.85×2)，故选C项。 American Mark Hough lives near Los Angeles, California.He was just about to start his weekend with an alcoholic drink called a margarita and a dip in his hot tub when he heard sticks breaking and leaves moving in his backyard.At first, he thought the sounds were coming from his neighbor.But then, the noise grew louder.“So I got up, looked over in the bushes and there was a bear climbing up over my fence，” Hough said. After seeing the bear, Hough decided to go back into his home for safety reasons.When Hough looked outside a short time later, the bear had made himself at home in Hough's backyard.The bear had entered Hough's unheated hot tub. “He was playing, having a grand old time，” Hough said.He found his phone and began recording video of the bear's activities. After a few minutes of pool time, the bear got out and walked slowly around the yard.Then it made its way over to Hough's margarita.The bear pushed the drink over and drank it off the ground. Later in the day, Hough was talking to a neighbor when some tree leaves fell to the ground.Hough looked up to see the bear sleeping in the tree.“So he had his margarita, and now he's ready for an hour nap，” Hough said. Hough's video of the bear's relaxing afternoon has been a hit on social media.One Twitter user said the bear is “clearly having a better summer than you”．Other users called the bear a “summer hero”．One called it her “spirit animal”．And one local news station in Iowa suggested the bear's activities would be a great way to celebrate America's Independence Day. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/自然生态。本文为新闻报道，介绍了加州一名男子家中迎来的不速之客——一只熊。 4．Why did Mark Hough decide to return to his home? A．To avoid being attacked. B．To record a video. C．To have a drink. D．To call the local news station. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知， Mark Hough决定回到他的家，是为了避免被熊攻击，故选A项。 5．Who recorded the video of the bear's activities? A．Mark Hough himself. B．Hough's neighbor. C．One Twitter user. D．A reporter in a local news station. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Mark Hough本人录下了熊活动的视频，故选A项。 6．Where was the bear found finally that day? A．In the pool. B．Near the fence. C．In a big tree. D．In his neighbor's backyard. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句可知，那天熊最后是在一棵大树上被发现的，故选C项。 7．How did the Twitter users feel about the bear's activities? A．Unpleasant. B．Surprised. C．Horrible. D．Impossible. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可推知，推特用户对这只熊的行为感到惊讶，故选B项。 Each year, people are becoming more and more worried about the future of our planet.People are now starting to agree—global warming will certainly make a difference to the world's weather.While some parts of the world may have more floods(洪水)，some other parts might have long periods of dry weather.All of this will have a serious influence on the world's agriculture(农业)．And that could make it difficult for us to get enough food to survive. This explains the idea behind the Svalbard Global Seed Vault(种子库)．The Seed Vault is built into a mountain on an island near the North Pole.The purpose is to protect the world's agriculture from future disasters.This may not just be a question of global warming.Perhaps there will be a major nuclear disaster or war one day.These things won't be a problem for Svalbard. Some experts think that the population of the earth will probably go up by 50% in the next 40 years.Because of climate change, it probably won't be easy for some plants to survive.Having many different types of plants will be necessary for agriculture to adapt to (适应) changes in the environment.In the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, there is space for 4.5 million types of seed.At the moment there are over 770,000 different types there. Any country in the world can leave seeds in Svalbard without paying.The seeds of some plants，such as peas, only survive for 20 to 30 years.But others will last for hundreds of years. In 2028, the Svalbard Vault will celebrate its 20th birthday.200 years in the future，it's possible that the ice caps will disappear.Even if this happens, Svalbard will be safe.That's because it is on a mountain and will be above the sea level.And because it is so close to the North Pole, even if their electricity stops working, the ice will keep a cool temperature of —3.5℃ to keep the seeds in good condition.But the best protection is the fact that it is in such a faraway place.After all, maybe one day this will be the most important building in the whole world. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/自然生态。本文为说明文，介绍了斯瓦尔巴全球种子库。 8．What does the first paragraph mainly introduce? A．The role of agriculture. B．The reason for global warming. C．The future problems we'll face. D．The planet where we'll live in the future. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段主要介绍了未来人类可能遇到的问题，故选C项。 9．What is the Seed Vault mainly used for? A．Storing plant seeds. B．Growing more plants. C．Discovering new plants. D．Providing humans with food. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句以及第三段最后两句可知，该种子库主要是用来储藏植物种子，故选A项。 10．What do we know about the Seed Vault? A．It needs more space. B．It provides services for free. C．It is built above a mountain. D．It will close in 200 years. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，该种子库提供的服务完全免费，故选B项。 11．If there is an electrical problem at the Seed Vault, what will happen to the seeds? A．They will be sent away. B．They will still be safe. C．They will be of no use. D．They will be planted at once. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和最后一段倒数第三句可知，即使停电，种子库中的种子也会安然无恙，因为其修建在北极冰山中，故选B项。 It is widely believed that biodiversity(生物多样性)is promoted to save species.But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with as much as possible of the diversity they contain. Protecting habitats is important for keeping biodiversity.In 2003, over 102,000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres, or 11.5% of the world's land surface, were under some form of protection.Though this is a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity. For a number of environmentalist, protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots(热点地区) is critical to saving habitats and species.But many hotspots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants. The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration(迁移) into these areas.A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people lived in these hotspots. Moreover, the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%, higher than the global average of 1.4%. The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes will continue to put pressure on hotspots.Therefore, keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size. Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences and employing guards.The best results are achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism.Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotpots. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/人与环境。本文为说明文。保护世界生物多样性，不仅要注重保护栖息地，也要关注热点地区的保护。 12. What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A．The loss of any species can affect humans. B．Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans. C．Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed. D．Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，物种仅作为生态系统的一部分而存在，除非它们的生态系统及其所包含的尽可能多的多样性得到保护，否则它们将无法生存。由此判断，生态系统保护与生物多样性保护同样重要，故选D项。 13. What does the underlined word “ecocide” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Ecosystem protection. B．Reduction of the number of species. C．Serious damage to habitats. D．Habitats protection. 答案　C 解析　词句猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，虽然保护栖息地增加，但仍然不足以阻止危及世界生物多样性的生态灭绝，所以ecocide意为“生态灭绝”，故选C项。 14．What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots? A．Population growth in hotpots. B．Migration out of these areas. C．Global warming. D．The global average population growth rate. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，造成热点地区糟糕状况的直接原因是人口增长，故选A项。 15．What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots? A．It's simple to carry out. B．It leads to the increase of tourists. C．It's closely connected with local people. D．It suggests that the local people are well educated. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。最后一段讲到：当当地人了解到野生动物的价值，并真正从生态旅游中获益时，就能取得最好的效果。只有这样，他们才有机会看到保护热点地区的好处。由此推断，作者的观点是保护热点地区与当地人密切相关，故选C项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Every child should know some basic first aid skills.This is true whether your child is four or fourteen.　1　 Calling for help Once your child reaches the age of four, he should know all about calling 911 in the event of an emergency.　2　 For example, he should call 911 if an adult asks him to, if an adult passes out and cannot be woken, if there is a fire and he can't find an adult, or if people are hurt. As I am typing this, I just realized that although my kids are taught about 911, the telephones in the house are out of reach for all but my oldest child (to prevent the other two from playing with the phone)．　3　 You do hope your children can get in touch with the police in time. Cuts and scrapes(擦伤) Teach children about basic care for cuts and scrapes.In my house, the kids all know that cuts must be cleaned and know where the bandages are.They also know how to put pressure on a cut to make it stop bleeding.Asking an adult for help is necessary.　4　 Believe it or not, I had to help a teenage neighbor once who had no idea what to do when he cut his hand on broken glass.He just ran around in a circle. Burns Tell your child that if he ever gets a burn, he should immediately call for help.　5　 Getting a burn cooled down quickly can reduce the damage to the skin.This is important if no adult is with your child when a burn occurs. A．Tell them what 911 is about. B．Set an example for your children. C．Don't make this mistake yourself. D．Explain all about what a real emergency is. E．Also they should know a bit about self-care. F．You should teach your children something useful. G．Meanwhile, he should run the cool but not cold water for the burn. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/安全常识与自我保护。本文为说明文，讲述的是父母该如何教孩子一些急救措施。 1. 答案　F 解析　顺承关系。根据上文可知，每个孩子都应该知道一些基本的急救技巧。再根据下文小标题Calling for help(求助)，Cuts and scrapes(割伤与擦伤)以及Burns(烧伤)可知，你应该教你的孩子一些有用的东西，故选F项。 2.答案　D 解析　例证关系。根据上下文可知，他如果遇到这些紧急情况，应该打911，所以此处是需要给孩子解释一下什么是真正的紧急情况，故选D项。 3.答案　C 解析　重申关系。根据上文可知，为了防止孩子玩电话，家里的电话安得很高，这是一个错误，“你自己不要犯这样的错误”符合题意，故选C项。 4. 答案　E 解析　例证关系。根据上句可知，向成年人寻求帮助是必要的，但根据下文的例子可知，他们应该懂得自我护理，故选E项。 5. 答案　G 解析　并列关系。根据上下文可知，如果他烧伤了，他应该立即寻求帮助；迅速冷却烧伤部位可以减少对皮肤的伤害，由此可知，让烧伤部位冷却也是处理烧伤的措施，故选G项。 Ⅲ.完形填空 England is a highly developed country.Many people think its people lead a luxurious(奢侈的) life. One day my friend and I 　1　 a restaurant.There was a table where a young couple was having their meal.There were 　2　 two dishes and two cans of beer on the table. There were a few old ladies on another table.When a dish was 　3　, they would finish every bit of the food on their plates. As we were hungry, our friend 　4　 more food for us.When we left, there was still about one third of 　5　 food on the table. When we were leaving the restaurant, the old ladies spoke to us in English.We understood that they were 　6　 about us wasting so much food.“We 　7　 our food, and it is none of your business.” My friend told the old ladies 　8　.The old ladies were angry.One of them immediately took her phone out and 　9　 a call to someone. After a while, a man 　10　 uniform from Social Security organization(社会保障组织), looking like a policeman, arrived.Upon knowing what had happened, he gave us a 50 euro(欧元) fine, which surprised us. The officer told us in a serious voice, “　11　 is yours but resources belong to society.There are many poor people in the world who are　12　 hunger.So you have no 　13　 to waste resources.” Their attitude to eating put all of us to 　14　.We really need to reflect on this.We have been given a lesson: Yes, money is yours but resources belong to the society.We can't 　15　 to waste them. 1．A.opened up B．walked into C．called on D．left out 2．A.already B．still C．only D．even 3．A.served B．taken C．eaten D．bought 4．A.borrowed B．cooked C．ordered D．checked 5．A.finished B．undone C．moved D．untouched 6．A.unhappy B．satisfied C．confused D．amazed 7．A.looked for B．paid for C．left behind D．applied for 8．A.politely B．actually C．rudely D．fluently 9．A.survived B．contacted C．injured D．made 10．A.in B．of C．at D．on 11．A.Money B．Decision C．Right D．Freedom 12．A.thinking about B．suffering from C．working out D．getting along with 13．A.reason B．purpose C．method D．opinion 14．A.interest B．trouble C．joy D．shame 15．A.afford B．begin C．expect D．show 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/社会服务。本文为记叙文。作者和朋友在一家英国餐厅就餐时点了很多食物，造成浪费，结果被罚款，理由是：资源是属于整个社会的，任何人都不能浪费资源。 1.答案　B 解析　句意：一天，我和朋友走进(walk into)一家餐馆。 open up打开；call on号召；leave out遗漏。 2.答案　C 解析　根据空后半句可知，他们点的东西很少，只有两盘菜和两罐啤酒。already已经；still仍然；only只有；even甚至，故选C项。 3.答案　A 解析　当菜被端上来，老太太们就把盘子里的食物吃光。serve服务；端菜，故选A项。 4.答案　C 解析　句意：因为我们饿了，我们的朋友给我们点(order)很多食物。 5.答案　D 解析　句意：当我们离开时，桌子上还有大约三分之一的食物没动过。finished完成的；undone解开的；moved感动的；untouched未接触的，故选D项。 6.答案　A 解析　句意：我们知道她们对我们浪费这么多食物不高兴(unhappy)。satisfied满意的；confused困惑的；amazed惊讶的。 7.答案　B 解析　根据and it is none of your business可知，作者和朋友认为自己为所点的饭菜付了钱，与她们无关。look for寻找；pay for为……付钱；leave behind遗留；apply for申请，故选B项。 8.答案　C 解析　根据and it is none of your business和The old ladies were angry可知，作者的朋友说话很粗鲁(rudely)。politely礼貌地；actually实际上；fluently流利地。 9.答案　D 解析　根据下文可知，这里指老太太打电话(make a call)给社会保障组织。 10.答案　A 解析　句意：过了一会儿，来了一个社会保障组织的人，穿着制服，看上去像个警察，故选A项。 11.答案　A 解析　句意：警官严肃地告诉我们：“钱(money)是你们的，资源是社会的。”下文的Yes, money is yours but resources belong to the society也是提示。 12.答案　B 解析　句意：世界上有许多穷人正在挨饿。think about考虑；suffer from遭受；work out锻炼；get along with相处，故选B项。 13.答案　A 解析　句意：所以你没有理由(reason)浪费资源。purpose目的；method方法；opinion观点。 14.答案　D 解析　句意：他们对饮食的态度使我们大家都感到羞愧(shame)。 15.答案　A 解析　我们不能浪费社会资源，因为我们浪费不起。afford付得起，故选A项。 Ⅳ.语法填空 The city of San Francisco is a wonderful vacation destination that offers many 1. (difference) things to see and do.Those experiencing a lively city with a wealth of shopping and dining opportunities 2. (be) very happy.Those looking for a city that 3. (offer) museums, art galleries, and very interesting historical sites will also be happy if they choose San Francisco.Many people don't realize it, but people 4. look for an interesting place to get out 5. enjoy nature will also appreciate San Francisco.When touring 6. city by walking, you aren't going to cover as much ground.There are far more 7. (benefit) touring the city on foot though.This type of tour allows you 8. (see) more buildings that others driving by cars can't see.You may even get to enter different facilities that those touring the city from the streets do not.A tour of the city on foot also 9. (usual) focuses on a more localized neighbourhood level, which can be very 10. (excite) in a number of different ways. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为说明文，主要介绍了圣弗朗西斯科这座美丽的城市。 1．答案　different 解析　考查词性转换。此处作定语修饰名词things，故要用difference的形容词形式different。 2．答案　will be 解析　考查时态。下文的will also be happy说明此空应该用一般将来时，故填will be。 3．答案　offers 解析　考查时态与主谓一致。整篇文章行文用了一般现在时，此处也需用一般现在时。that引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词a city，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填offers。 4．答案　who/that 解析　考查引导词。先行词是people，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，因此填who或that。 5．答案　and 解析　考查并列连词。get out和enjoy是一种并列关系，因此用and连接。 6．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。这里的city是特指San Francisco这座城市，故用the。 7．答案　benefits 解析　考查名词的数。此句中的more说明不止一个，而benefit在这里是可数名词，因此用其复数形式benefits。 8．答案　to see 解析　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，是固定搭配。 9．答案　usually 解析　考查词性转换。此处用副词usually作状语修饰动词focuses。 10．答案　exciting 解析　考查词性转换。which引导定语从句，指代前面一整句话的内容，空格处用exciting，表示“令人兴奋的”。exciting多修饰物，excited表示“(感到)兴奋的”，多修饰人或人的表情、声音等。 Ⅴ.小作文 假设你校计划进行一次宣传活动，主题是保护人类共同的朋友——动物。现请你就此写一份宣传资料，内容包括动物的生存现状、动物对于人类的重要性等，并且在最后提出倡议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。 One possible version： Dear friends， Have you noticed that the number of rare animals is on the decrease？ With our environment going worse, many animals can't adapt themselves to the new changes so that many species are endangered or have even died out. Besides, human activity also has a great influence on them.For example, people often kill them in order to get their meat or fur. Animals are our friends.They play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.What's more, both humans and animals should share the earth equally.Showing our love to animals can definitely help us live more happily. To conclude, please remember your care can make a difference.Join us in protecting our best friends—animals. Ⅵ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time a daughter complained to her father that her life was miserable and that she didn't know how she was going to make it.She was tired of fighting and struggling all the time.It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one soon followed.Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen.He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes in one pot, eggs in the second pot and ground coffee beans in the third pot.He then let them sit and boil, without saying a word to his daughter.The daughter complained and impatiently waited, wondering what he was doing.After twenty minutes he turned off the burners.He took the potatoes out of the pot and placed them in a bowl.He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl.He then ladled(舀) the coffee out and placed it in a cup. Turning to her, he asked, “Daughter, what do you see？”“Potatoes, eggs and coffee，” she quickly replied. “Look closer，” he said，“and touch the potatoes.”She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it.After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee.“Father，what does this mean？”she asked. He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans had each faced the same boiling water.However, they reacted differently.The potatoes were strong and hard, but in the boiling water，they became soft and weak.The eggs were fragile(易碎的), with the thin outer shell protecting their liquid inside until they were put in the boiling water.Then the inside of the eggs became hard.However, the ground coffee beans were unique.After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new. “Which one are you？” he asked his daughter.“When the disaster knocks on your door, how do you respond？Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean？” 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 【写作指导】 一、故事梗概 二、情节推断 根据已经给出的续写部分每段的开头语并展开合理想象可推断： 第一段所给首句：“Father，I want to be a coffee bean，” said the daughter，这是承接原文最后一段的句子。因此，结合原文的最后一段父亲问女儿的问题可知，接下来女儿将会做出选择并给出理由。再根据女儿选择了咖啡豆这一首句，接下来可以想到父亲会问及女儿为何会选择咖啡豆，而女儿可能解释她选择咖啡豆的理由。注意，写女儿给出的理由时，一定从表象写起，不能写选择咖啡豆的深层原因。因为，最后一段点明主旨会更加合理。 第二段所给首句：In the end，she understands that…，说明女儿理解了上文提到的她选择咖啡豆的深层原因，就是对人生的思考。可以从如何面对人生中遇到的困难并实现人生的目标来写。 可根据自己的想象构建故事情节。续写两段的四个要素如下： Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 时间：While they were discussing 时间：While they were discussing 地点：in the kitchen 地点：in the kitchen 人物：father and daughter 人物：father and daughter 事件：The daughter explained why she chose to be a coffee bean… 事件：how to face the challenges in life… 三、要素串联 将已确定的四要素串联，并增加细节描写，完成读后续写。 One possible version： Paragraph 1： “Father, I want to be a coffee bean，” said the daughter， turning to him.Father was satisfied to hear what she said, and asked his daughter, “Why do you want to be a coffee bean？” “Because it can change the water and create something new in the same boiling water.Therefore, I'd like to change the old thing and make it into the new thing, which can solve problems I meet，” said the daughter. Paragraph 2： In the end, she understands that one shouldn't flee away when he/she meets a problem.He/She should face the problems in life bravely, and he/she can turn bad things into good ones and pull off his/her goals.Bad things may sometimes happen around us in our life.However, the only thing that truly matters is how we choose to react to them and what we make out of them.Life is all about learning, adopting and changing the disaster that we experience into something positive, so we should face it with a smile. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$