Unit 2 Colours 单元话题读写强化练（完形、阅读、写作与短文填空）-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册重难考点提升训练（牛津译林版）

Unit 2 Colours单元话题读写强化练 （完形、阅读、写作与短文填空） · 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 1、 阅读理解之单选。 Passage 1 Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments. These pigments appear in different amounts （数量）, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruits are likely to grow in cooler places. You can find them growing in many places around the world instead of just in one place. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be. Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds（种子）in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract（吸引） animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual（视觉的）abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live. 1．The underlined word “pigments” in the first paragraph means ________. A．数量 B．味道 C．品种 D．色素 2．Where can you most probably find dark blue fruit according to the passage? A．In the cool places. B．Around the world. C．Near the equator. D．In dry places. 3．According to the writer, ________ can influence the development of fruit colors. A．seeds B．environment and animals C．visual abilities D．human activities. 4．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．why blue fruits mostly grow in cooler places B．why red fruits are likely to grow in warmer places C．why different kinds of fruit have different colors D．why animals drop the seeds of fruit in other places 5．Where can you most probably find the article? A．In a storybook. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a movie poster. D．In a science magazine. Passage 2 ①A new study has shown how the colour of a bowl can influence the taste of the food it holds. ②Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features. ③According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. While the colour made no difference in taste for non-picky eaters, the picky eaters reported changes in their taste senses based on the colour of the bowl being used. Snacks in red and blue bowls were thought to have more salt than those in white bowls, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls. ④ “This knowledge can be useful for those who want to try more kinds of foods,” says Lorenzo Stafford, a psychologist from the University of Portsmouth in the UK. “For example, if you want to encourage a picky eater to try some bitter (苦的) vegetables, you can try to put them on a pink plate or in a yellow bowl, because this can give him or her a sweet feeling.” ⑤At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste. ⑥ “This new study can help in treating food neophobia—the unwillingness to try new food,” the team of the study says, and further studies will be required to find out more relationships between colours and foods. ⑦ “Through further studies, maybe we can decide ways to help actively influence a person’s diet, and as a result, their health in mind and body,” says Stafford. 6．According to the passage, who is a picky eater? • Tom especially likes hamburgers. • Lucy is able to accept new food happily. • Sigmund usually has three meals a day. • Mary doesn’t care how vegetables are cooked. A．Tom. B．Lucy. C．Mary. D．Sigmund. 7．According to the new study, which of the following is true? A．All the colours made no difference in taste to picky eaters. B．Snacks in red bowls seem to be saltier than those in blue bowls. C．Snacks in red bowls seem less pleasant than those in white bowls. D．Putting sweet vegetables on a pink plate may give a bitter feeling. 8．According to the passage, why can a bowl colour influence the taste of food? A．It doesn’t tell us. B．Because people like colourful bowls. C．Because light and music can influence eating habits. D．Because all of our senses are connected, including taste. 9．What does the underlined word neophobia mean? A．美食综合症 B．消化不良 C．新奇恐惧症 D．暴饮暴食 10．Which paragraphs talk about the meaning of this new study? A．④⑤⑥⑦ B．⑤⑥⑦ C．⑥⑦ D．⑦ Passage 3 From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the fruit’s colors actually come from their different pigments (色素). These pigments appear differently, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruit usually grows in cooler places, and instead of just growing in one place, you can find red fruit growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be. Animals have also had an influence on fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds (种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. ① Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans do. Therefore, there is more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Different yellow fruit can be found there, as the animals can easily see this color. 11．You are more likely (可能的) to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places. A．cooler B．warmer C．higher D．lower 12．Which of the following sentences is suitable for “ ① ”? A．Fruit and animals help each other. B．That is why fruit in the wild is more colorful. C．However, not all animals are interested in colors. D．However, animals see colors in a different way. 13．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Why fruit often changes colors. B．Why fruit has different colors. C．How environment influences fruit colors. D．How animals influence fruit colors. 二、任务型阅读之阅读填表。 Passage 1 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。 Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends(趋势) in international culture. This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment. Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool”. But greenery has elements(元素) of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors. Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year. You’re likely to see greenery a lot. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new. Title: Greenery, the Color of the 14 Who picked the color? An organization 15 Pan-tone Color Institute. What is the color like? It includes both green and yellow, so it goes 16 with many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment. 17 is the color chosen? Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the 18 . Passage 2 Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends（趋势）in international culture. This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment. Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool” But greenery has elements（元素）of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors. Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year. You’re likely to see greenery a lot in 2017. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new. Title: Greenery, the Color of the 19 Who picked the color? An organization 20 Pantone Color Institute. What is the color like? It includes both green and yellow, so it 21 many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment. 22 is the color chosen? Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the 23 . 三、任务型阅读之阅读短文回答问题。 Passage 1 Have you seen “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)” on your social media? It’s one of the most popular fashion trends (时尚趋势) for 2023. First created by US fashion psychologist Dawnn Karen in her book Dress Your Best Life in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy. Through brightness and purity (纯度) of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people. Science showed long ago that different colors can affect people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel lively. Colors like black, white and grey may make people upset. Learning how colors work, fashion brands (品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. It said this could spread fun and positive energy (正能量) to the world through fashion. In the last few years, the pandemic (疫情) has put everything into question. “Usually, we’re dressing for external factors (外部因素)-the weather, other people and special events. During the pandemic, there was a change. Since no one was around to tell you what to wear, you let yourself find styles that make yourself happy,” Karen told TODAY. Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. “I’ve seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become... free,” Karen said. “Their whole mood (心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are.” 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 24．When did the phrase “dopamine dressing” first come out? 25．How does dopamine dressing make people happy? 26．According to Para.3, what colors should you avoid if you are upset? 27．Why did Versace add dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021? 28．What do you think of the dopamine dressing style? Passage 2 阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。 Today, if we talk about a color, we only need to use a simple name. For example, “blue” in Chinese is lan. But in ancient China, there were many beautiful names for blue, such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing. Similar to the color wheel developed by Isaac Newton, ancient Chinese people created colors using the idea of pure (纯) colors and mixed colors. There were five pure colors, including qing (blue), chi (red), yellow, white and black. These basic colors can be put together to produce mixed colors. For example, mixing yellow and blue could make green. Lots of colors came into being thanks to this. As for naming, ancient Chinese people paid much attention to the imagination that colors bring. For example, dongfang jibai is a light blue color. The blue color describes what the sky looks like early in the morning. Similarly, the pink color taoyao is used to describe blossoming (开花的) peach trees. The purple color mushanzi describes a sunset covering the mountain. Meanwhile, a color was not just a color, but a symbol of social status (地位) in ancient China. For example, yellow was long seen as the symbol of power. Only the leader of the country and his family could use it. During the Tang Dynasty, officials needed to wear clothes with certain colors. Only officials of the top three grades were allowed to wear purple clothes, while those of the fourth and fifth wore red clothes, the sixth and seventh officials wore green clothes. Blue was for those in the two lowest grades. The colors that the ancients left us can be seen in society today. Nowadays, some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings, which excite (引起) people’s interest in ancient colors. 29．What other names did blue have in ancient China besides lan? 30．How did people create the color green by using the pure colors? 31．What does the color mushanzi describe? 32．Who could wear the color purple in ancient China? 33．Why do some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings? Passage 3 People think different colors have different meanings. They think some colors can bring them good luck. In Chinese culture, there are some lucky colors. Here are the top three of them. Red—Happiness, Success and Good Fortune(命运) Red represents fire and is the most popular color in China. It stands for happiness, beauty, vitality(活力), good luck, success and good fortune. Red is popular with Chinese people and it is widely used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red things are common in our everyday life. We can see red lanterns, red paper cuttings and so on. People wear red clothes during weddings, festivals and other celebratory events. Red envelopes(信封) are stuffed(塞) with money and given as gifts during Chinese New Year. Yellow—Royalty(王权) and Power of the Throne(君主) In Chinese culture, yellow stands for royalty and is usually used for the emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”, and its mother river is Yellow River. Green—Money and wealth Green is a color which has many meanings such as wealth, hope and growth. Green also stands for pure and clean. Banks and restaurants are often painted in green. Packaging for some produce is often in green in order to show that the food is not polluted. 34．How many lucky colors are mentioned in the passage? ___________________________________________________________________ 35．Which is the most popular color in China? ___________________________________________________________________ 36．What does yellow stand for in Chinese culture? ___________________________________________________________________ 37．Are banks often painted in green or yellow? ___________________________________________________________________ 38．Why do people package their produce in green? ___________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空 Cloze 1 What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观者), a leaden or an active person who enjoys life. Do you prefer grey and blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you often follow instead of 39 . You seem to be a pessimist (悲观者). Colours 40 our moods. There is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more 41 and warmer than a dark green one. It seems that a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the sadness winter day. On the other hand, black represents stress. A black bridge 42 the River, Thames, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than bridge in the area until it 43 green. The number of suicides fell at once, perhaps it will fall even more if the bridge is done 44 pink or baby blue. Light and 45 colours make people not only happier but 46 . It is true that factory workers work better, harder, and have 47 accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than 48 or dark green. 39．A．returning B．coming C．leading D．thinking 40．A．cause B．influence C．effect D．create 41．A．cheerful B．unhappy C．nervous D．worried 42．A．on B．over C．across D．through 43．A．painted B．is painted C．paints D．was painted 44．A．with B．by C．in D．to 45．A．dark B．bright C．clear D．good 46．A．active B．much active C．more active D．actively 47．A．little B．less C．fewer D．more 48．A．white B．light C．pink D．black Cloze 2 Colour words are widely used in both Chinese and English cultures. People use them to show conditions, views and feelings. Yuebai, gielan and shiging...These are 49 old Chinese people called different kinds of blue in the old times-light or deep. Yuebai is not white. It’s a kind of blue close to the color of moonlight. Old Chinese people generally 50 colors into basic colors and mixed colors. There were five basic colors: blue, red, yellow, white and black. People could mix them together to get mixed colors. Colors have special meanings in Chinese culture. In old China, color was a symbol of social 51 . For example, yellow stood for power. It was a color for the emperors. Officials of different ranks (等级) wore clothes of different colors. Purple clothes were simply for officials of the top three ranks while blue was for those who were in the two lowest ranks. Many beautiful color names come from famous works of literature and show how old Chinese people understood the beauty of nature. For example, dongfangjibai is a light blue color. It comes from a work by Su Shi. The color blue describes the color of the sky 52 the sun rises. 53 , people in the West also use colour expressions to show their feelings and describe the world. Red is often used to express 54 feelings. They may say they are red hot when they are very angry. Pink is a color for good health. This probably comes from the 55 that many babies born with a pink color are healthy. Green is a color for trees and grass. It is said that the Greeks first connected green with 56 caused by envy. The expression “a black sheep of the family” refers to an 57 member of a family or a group if he is always a trouble-maker. Black outs were common during World War II. During black outs, all the lights in a city were turned off. This could make 58 difficult for enemy planes to find a target (目标) on the ground in the dark of night. 49．A．why B．how C．whether D．what 50．A．divided B．turned C．put D．cut 51．A．conditions B．celebrations C．positions D．problems 52．A．before B．while C．since D．after 53．A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．Otherwise 54．A．strong B．strange C．sudden D．serious 55．A．result B．fact C．way D．tradition 56．A．happiness B．sadness C．loneliness D．sickness 57．A．unwelcome B．honest C．inactive D．impolite 58．A．that B．this C．them D．it Cloze 3 In Chinese culture, the color red stands for many good things, for example, happiness. But writing names and letters in red ink is usually 59 . Why? In ancient times, red was the symbol of 60 . Not everyone could write in red ink 61 emperors. They would 62 to official also memorials (奏折) in red ink. The red ink that emperors used was made of cinnabar (朱砂), so their replies were known as zhupi. Writing in red ink also had something to do with 63 . In ancient China, the criminals who were sentenced (判刑) to death wrote their names in red ink. The records of criminals’ names were all written in red. Names on tombstones (墓碑) were 64 as well. Therefore, it was thought to be 65 to write names in red ink. Since red words carry bad meanings, people don’t write 66 in red ink. If you write to friends or family members in red ink, it means you want to break up with them. Nowadays, red ink is used for proofreading (校对). 67 correct students’ homework in red ink. Editors (编辑) who need to 68 mistakes in newspapers and magazines also use red ink. But writing names or letters in red ink is still a bad idea to many people. 59．A．allowed B．avoided C．guided D．forced 60．A．love B．duty C．age D．power 61．A．only B．nearly C．never D．also 62．A．send B．write C．reply D．listen 63．A．death B．life C．study D．health 64．A．black B．white C．green D．red 65．A．important B．unlucky C．possible D．polite 66．A．letters B．stories C．articles D．books 67．A．Parents B．Teachers C．Headmasters D．Friends 68．A．realize B．make C．correct D．hide 五、短文填空：语法填空与首字母填空。 （一） 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 There 69 (be) three primary colors red, yellow and blue. According to the three colors, people 70 (divide) into different groups. The group of people who love red are very confident. They’re 71 (suit) for being either salesmen or players. The members of this group are also energetic and 72 (power). They always believe that everything will go on as they have planned. They don’t spend time 73 (worry) about mistakes or disasters that might happen. Yellow is usually loved by cowardly (胆小的) people. They are easy 74 (work) with because they are afraid of arguments. So they hardly get angry with others or have a fight with someone. However, sometimes they are full of 75 (wise). So they can make wise decisions. Lovers of blue would rather 76 (believe) in others than trust themselves. So this group of people don’t like to be 77 (lead) but followers. One who loves blue is is moved by sad stories 78 (easy). He is quieter or sadder than others. Different colours can show different personalities of people. Maybe you can know what someone is like according to the colors he likes. （二） 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Color Your Life was published in 2017. The book shows that colors can i 79 our moods and life. You may wonder w 80 it’s true or not. The answer is yes! The book gives you a lot of advice. For example, when you need strength to d 81 with problems, the book tells you to wear red because it represents power. If you are w 82 about study, you can wear yellow because it’s the color of wisdom. When you are stressed, eat more green vegetables. The book makes you take n 83 of the importance of colors. If you are interested in the book, go and get one from the bookstore. （三） 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s your favorite color? It was 84 of the first questions you asked as a kid to a new friend! There are three primary colors; red, yellow and blue. The three colors can be used 85 (divide) people into different groups. The group of people 86 love red are very confident. Being cither sales men or athletes is suitable for them. The members of this group are also energetic and 87 (power). They always believe that everything will go on as they have planned. They 88 no time worrying about mistakes or disasters that might happen. Yellow is 89 (usual) loved by cowardly (胆小的) people. They get along easily with others 90 they are afraid of arguments. So they hardly get angry with others or have a fight with someone. However, sometimes they are full of wisdom, so they can make wise 91 (decide). Lovers of blue would rather believe 92 others than trust themselves. So this group of people prefer to be followers instead of leaders. One who loves blue is quieter or shyer than others. He will 93 (touch) by sad movies and memories easily. Different colors can show different personalities of people. Maybe you can know what someone is like according to the color he likes. 六、书面表达：中化传统文化与颜色的奇妙融合。 94．我国的传统文化源远流长，博大精深 。我们随时都能感受到传统文化的气息，它绽放在异彩纷呈的民俗节日中 。假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jack来信说对“中国红”很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在我们日常生活中的体现，请你根据下面提示写一封回信。 写作要求： ( 1)内容包括提示信息，可适当发挥，文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名。 ( 2)字数不少于 80词。 (3)卷面整洁，条理清楚。 参考词汇：红包 red packets 剪纸 paper cutting Dear Jack, It’s great to receive your letter. Knowing that you’re interested in Chinese red, I’m writing to tell you something about it. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 95．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony对“中国红”一词很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在中国人日常生活中的体现，请你根据以下表格信息写一封回信帮助他了解。 地位 最受欢迎的颜色之一 含义 幸福，可以带来好运 使用场所及表达方式 婚礼，春节等，剪纸，中国结，红包，灯笼等 影响 深深地影响每一个中国人 提示词：剪纸 paper-cutting，中国结Chinese knot，红包red packet Dear Tony, It’s great to receive your letter. I’m writing to tell you something about China Red. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about China Red. Yours, Li Hua 96．新学期开始了，请根据以下的信息，介绍你的新同学Li Qiang。 Li Qiang Personality: kind, creative, organized, modest … Favourite colours: blue and green, because … His future plan: to be a manager, because … 注意： 1. 文章需包涵以上要点，可适当发挥。 2. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。 3. 词数：100词左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总数。 Li Qiang is my new classmate. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页，共31页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Colours单元话题读写强化练 （完形、阅读、写作与短文填空） · 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 1、 阅读理解之单选。 Passage 1 Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments. These pigments appear in different amounts （数量）, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruits are likely to grow in cooler places. You can find them growing in many places around the world instead of just in one place. Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be. Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds（种子）in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract（吸引） animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy to see. However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual（视觉的）abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live. 1．The underlined word “pigments” in the first paragraph means ________. A．数量 B．味道 C．品种 D．色素 2．Where can you most probably find dark blue fruit according to the passage? A．In the cool places. B．Around the world. C．Near the equator. D．In dry places. 3．According to the writer, ________ can influence the development of fruit colors. A．seeds B．environment and animals C．visual abilities D．human activities. 4．The writer mainly tells us ________. A．why blue fruits mostly grow in cooler places B．why red fruits are likely to grow in warmer places C．why different kinds of fruit have different colors D．why animals drop the seeds of fruit in other places 5．Where can you most probably find the article? A．In a storybook. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a movie poster. D．In a science magazine. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【详解】文章主要介绍了为什么不同种类的水果有不同的颜色，科学研究表明，水果的颜色的发展与其生长的环境以及所在地区的动物有关。 1．词义猜测题。根据前句“fruit colors actually come from their different pigments.”可知，说的是颜色，结合选项，应说水果的颜色实际上来自于它们不同的色素。所以pigments意为色素。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warmer places. They grow a lot in just one specific （特定的） area. The closer the fruit is to the equator（赤道）, the darker its color will be.”可知，最可能在赤道附近找到深蓝色的水果。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“To find out how environment influences fruit colors”以及“Animals also have an influence on the development of fruit colors.”可知，作者认为，环境和动物会影响水果颜色的发展。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors?”可知，作者主要告诉我们为什么不同种类的水果有不同的颜色。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever wondered why different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments.”可知，你最有可能在科学杂志中找到这篇文章。故选D。 Passage 2 ①A new study has shown how the colour of a bowl can influence the taste of the food it holds. ②Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features. ③According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. While the colour made no difference in taste for non-picky eaters, the picky eaters reported changes in their taste senses based on the colour of the bowl being used. Snacks in red and blue bowls were thought to have more salt than those in white bowls, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls. ④ “This knowledge can be useful for those who want to try more kinds of foods,” says Lorenzo Stafford, a psychologist from the University of Portsmouth in the UK. “For example, if you want to encourage a picky eater to try some bitter (苦的) vegetables, you can try to put them on a pink plate or in a yellow bowl, because this can give him or her a sweet feeling.” ⑤At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste. ⑥ “This new study can help in treating food neophobia—the unwillingness to try new food,” the team of the study says, and further studies will be required to find out more relationships between colours and foods. ⑦ “Through further studies, maybe we can decide ways to help actively influence a person’s diet, and as a result, their health in mind and body,” says Stafford. 6．According to the passage, who is a picky eater? • Tom especially likes hamburgers. • Lucy is able to accept new food happily. • Sigmund usually has three meals a day. • Mary doesn’t care how vegetables are cooked. A．Tom. B．Lucy. C．Mary. D．Sigmund. 7．According to the new study, which of the following is true? A．All the colours made no difference in taste to picky eaters. B．Snacks in red bowls seem to be saltier than those in blue bowls. C．Snacks in red bowls seem less pleasant than those in white bowls. D．Putting sweet vegetables on a pink plate may give a bitter feeling. 8．According to the passage, why can a bowl colour influence the taste of food? A．It doesn’t tell us. B．Because people like colourful bowls. C．Because light and music can influence eating habits. D．Because all of our senses are connected, including taste. 9．What does the underlined word neophobia mean? A．美食综合症 B．消化不良 C．新奇恐惧症 D．暴饮暴食 10．Which paragraphs talk about the meaning of this new study? A．④⑤⑥⑦ B．⑤⑥⑦ C．⑥⑦ D．⑦ 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了一项新研究，研究表明碗的颜色会影响食物的味道。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Although it is hard to say what a picky eater (挑食的人) is like, the type may include people who have a limited diet, who have strong likes or dislikes for certain food, who require food to be prepared in a special way, who aren’t willing to accept new food, or who show signs of all these features.”可知，挑食的人可能包括饮食有限的人、对某些食物有强烈好恶的人、要求食物以特殊的方式准备的人、不愿意接受新食物的人等。Tom特别喜欢汉堡，属于“对某些食物有强烈好恶的人”，由此可推断Tom是一个挑食的人。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to this new study, food was put into two groups in red, blue, or white bowls. …, while snacks in red bowls were less pleasant than those in the other bowls.”可知，红碗中的小吃不如蓝色和白色碗中的小吃好吃。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据第五段内容“At first it may seem strange that a bowl colour can influence the taste of food, but the research before has shown how light and music can influence eating habits. All of our senses are connected, including taste.”可知，碗的颜色能影响食物的味道是因为我们所有的感官都是相连的，包括味觉。故选D。 9．词句猜测题。根据“the unwillingness to try new food”可知，不敢尝试新食物，可猜测neophobia的意思应是“新奇恐惧症”。故选C。 10．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，第六段和第七段说明了这项新研究的意义：不仅有助于治疗新食物恐惧症，还可以通过积极影响一个人的饮食，从而影响他的身心健康。故选C。 Passage 3 From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors? According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the fruit’s colors actually come from their different pigments (色素). These pigments appear differently, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how environment influences fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors. They found that red fruit usually grows in cooler places, and instead of just growing in one place, you can find red fruit growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be. Animals have also had an influence on fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds (种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. ① Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans do. Therefore, there is more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Different yellow fruit can be found there, as the animals can easily see this color. 11．You are more likely (可能的) to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places. A．cooler B．warmer C．higher D．lower 12．Which of the following sentences is suitable for “ ① ”? A．Fruit and animals help each other. B．That is why fruit in the wild is more colorful. C．However, not all animals are interested in colors. D．However, animals see colors in a different way. 13．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Why fruit often changes colors. B．Why fruit has different colors. C．How environment influences fruit colors. D．How animals influence fruit colors. 【答案】11．B 12．D 13．B 【详解】本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因。 11．细节理解题。根据“Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places.”可知更可能在比较暖和的地方找到蓝色和紫色的水果。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据“Fruit needs to develop colors that are suitable for animals’ visual (视觉的) abilities.”可知水果需要发展出适合动物视觉能力的颜色。由此推出此处最适合的句子是“然而，动物以不同的方式看待颜色。”故选D。 13．最佳标题题。根据“Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?”及全文内容可知本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因。用“Why fruit has different colors.”做标题最合适。故选B。 二、任务型阅读之阅读填表。 Passage 1 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。 Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends(趋势) in international culture. This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment. Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool”. But greenery has elements(元素) of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors. Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year. You’re likely to see greenery a lot. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new. Title: Greenery, the Color of the 14 Who picked the color? An organization 15 Pan-tone Color Institute. What is the color like? It includes both green and yellow, so it goes 16 with many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment. 17 is the color chosen? Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the 18 . 【答案】14．Year 15．called 16．well 17．How 18．decision 【详解】本文主要讲述了一个叫潘通色彩机构的组织，如何选择年度流行颜色的。 14．根据“This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls ‘greenery’.”今年，潘通色彩机构用颜色鲜亮的绿色。结合文章内容及题干，可知文章标题为“绿色植物，年度色彩”，year“年度”符合题意，标题中的实词首字母要大写，故填Year。 15．根据“Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends(趋势) in international culture.”潘通色彩研究所是一个为公司提供色彩建议的组织。每年，它都会选出一个代表国际文化趋势的词。可知这个组织机构被叫作“Pantone Color Institute”，called在此处是过去分词作后置定语，An organization called Pantone Color Institute“一个叫作潘通色彩机构的组织”，故填called。 16．根据“But greenery has elements(元素) of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors.”可知，绿色植物兼有这两种元素，它是绿色的，但也有很多黄色。这使得它可以与许多其他颜色很好地搭配，故填well。 17．根据题干“… is the color chosen?”可知这是特殊疑问句，结合表格回答的内容，“Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular.”潘通色彩机构每年很早就开始选择颜色，他们寻找越来越受欢迎的一种颜色。可知这些都是潘通色彩机构如何选择颜色的，综上所述，推出此处疑问词用how“怎样、如何”，故填How。 18．根据“To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating.”为了决定年度流行的颜色，他们做了大量调查研究，由此可知此处表达的是“决定”，结合题干“make the…”，推出此处是名词，make the decision“做决定”，故填decision。 Passage 2 Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends（趋势）in international culture. This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment. Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool” But greenery has elements（元素）of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors. Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year. You’re likely to see greenery a lot in 2017. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new. Title: Greenery, the Color of the 19 Who picked the color? An organization 20 Pantone Color Institute. What is the color like? It includes both green and yellow, so it 21 many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment. 22 is the color chosen? Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the 23 . 【答案】19．Year 20．called 21．matches 22．How 23．decision 【详解】文章大意：文章主要讲述了一个叫潘通色彩机构的组织，如何选择年度流行颜色的。 19．根据“This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”.”今年，潘通色彩机构用颜色鲜亮的绿色。结合文章内容及题干，可知文章标题为“绿色植物，年度色彩”，year“年度”符合题意，标题中的实词首字母要大写，故填Year。 20．根据“Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends （趋势）in international culture.”潘通色彩研究所是一个为公司提供色彩建议的组织。每年，它都会选出一个代表国际文化趋势的词。可知这个组织机构被叫作“Pantone Color Institute”，called在此处是过去分词作后置定语，An organization called Pantone Color Institute“一个叫作潘通色彩机构的组织”，故填called。 21．根据“But greenery has elements（元素）of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors.”但绿色植物同时具备这两种元素；它是绿色的，但也有很多黄色。这使得它能够与许多其他颜色很好地搭配。可知此处强调的是绿色跟其他颜色的搭配，故此处动词用match“搭配、匹配”，主语it是三单式，时态是一般现在时，所以动词用三单式matches，故填matches。 22．根据题干“… is the color chosen?”可知这是特殊疑问句，结合表格回答的内容，“Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular.”潘通色彩机构每年很早就开始选择颜色，他们寻找越来越受欢迎的一种颜色。可知这些都是潘通色彩机构如何选择颜色的，综上所述，推出此处疑问词用how“怎样、如何”，故填How。 23．根据“To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating.”为了决定年度流行的颜色，他们做了大量调查研究，由此可知此处表达的是“决定”，结合题干“make the…”，推出此处是名词，make the decision“做决定”，故填decision。 三、任务型阅读之阅读短文回答问题。 Passage 1 Have you seen “dopamine dressing (多巴胺穿搭)” on your social media? It’s one of the most popular fashion trends (时尚趋势) for 2023. First created by US fashion psychologist Dawnn Karen in her book Dress Your Best Life in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy. Through brightness and purity (纯度) of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people. Science showed long ago that different colors can affect people. They could make us feel warmer or cooler and also affect our feelings. For example, bright colors can make people feel lively. Colors like black, white and grey may make people upset. Learning how colors work, fashion brands (品牌) have also used colors in different ways. For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. It said this could spread fun and positive energy (正能量) to the world through fashion. In the last few years, the pandemic (疫情) has put everything into question. “Usually, we’re dressing for external factors (外部因素)-the weather, other people and special events. During the pandemic, there was a change. Since no one was around to tell you what to wear, you let yourself find styles that make yourself happy,” Karen told TODAY. Now, many people take this style to fight back bad feelings and show themselves. “I’ve seen people who are very shy put on colorful clothes and become... free,” Karen said. “Their whole mood (心情) changes when they wear clothes that show who they really are.” 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 24．When did the phrase “dopamine dressing” first come out? 25．How does dopamine dressing make people happy? 26．According to Para.3, what colors should you avoid if you are upset? 27．Why did Versace add dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021? 28．What do you think of the dopamine dressing style? 【答案】24．In 2020. 25．Through brightness and purity of colors. 26．Black, white and grey. 27．To spread fun and positive energy. 28．wonderful/creative(形容词，言之有理即可). 【详解】本文主要介绍了“多巴胺着装”的时尚趋势。 24．根据“First created by US fashion psychologist Dawnn Karen in her book Dress Your Best Life in 2020, dopamine dressing is dressing for joy.”可知，美国时尚心理学家道恩·卡伦在2020年她的书《打扮你最好的生活》中首次提出多巴胺着装。故填In 2020. 25．根据“Through brightness and purity (纯度) of colors, the dressing creates happy feelings in people.”可知，通过色彩的明亮和纯净，多巴胺服装给人以愉快的感觉。故填Through brightness and purity of colors. 26．根据“Colors like black, white and grey may make people upset.”可知，像黑色、白色和灰色这样的颜色可能会让人心烦。故填Black, white and grey. 27．根据“For example, Versace, an Italian brand, added the idea of dopamine dressing to their clothes in 2021. It said this could spread fun and positive energy (正能量) to the world through fashion”可知，这个品牌表示，这可以通过时尚向世界传播乐趣和正能量。故填To spread fun and positive energy. 28．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据最后一段内容可知，这里介绍了多巴胺服装能让人有更好的情绪，能让人变得更加自由，因此多巴胺服装是精彩或者有创意的。故填wonderful/creative. Passage 2 阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题。 Today, if we talk about a color, we only need to use a simple name. For example, “blue” in Chinese is lan. But in ancient China, there were many beautiful names for blue, such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing. Similar to the color wheel developed by Isaac Newton, ancient Chinese people created colors using the idea of pure (纯) colors and mixed colors. There were five pure colors, including qing (blue), chi (red), yellow, white and black. These basic colors can be put together to produce mixed colors. For example, mixing yellow and blue could make green. Lots of colors came into being thanks to this. As for naming, ancient Chinese people paid much attention to the imagination that colors bring. For example, dongfang jibai is a light blue color. The blue color describes what the sky looks like early in the morning. Similarly, the pink color taoyao is used to describe blossoming (开花的) peach trees. The purple color mushanzi describes a sunset covering the mountain. Meanwhile, a color was not just a color, but a symbol of social status (地位) in ancient China. For example, yellow was long seen as the symbol of power. Only the leader of the country and his family could use it. During the Tang Dynasty, officials needed to wear clothes with certain colors. Only officials of the top three grades were allowed to wear purple clothes, while those of the fourth and fifth wore red clothes, the sixth and seventh officials wore green clothes. Blue was for those in the two lowest grades. The colors that the ancients left us can be seen in society today. Nowadays, some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings, which excite (引起) people’s interest in ancient colors. 29．What other names did blue have in ancient China besides lan? 30．How did people create the color green by using the pure colors? 31．What does the color mushanzi describe? 32．Who could wear the color purple in ancient China? 33．Why do some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings? 【答案】29．Yuebai, qielan and shiqing. 30．By mixing yellow and blue./Mixing yellow and blue could make green. 31．The sunset covering the mountain. 32．Only officials of the top three grades. 33．To excite people’s interest in ancient colors. 【详解】本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中对颜色的认知，重点介绍了对颜色的命名、颜色在社会地位方面的象征意义及如今人们对颜色文化的传承。 29．根据“But in ancient China, there were many beautiful names for blue, such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing.”可知中国古代蓝色的其他名字有月白、伽蓝和石青。故填Yuebai, qielan and shiqing. 30．根据“For example, mixing yellow and blue could make green.”可知把黄色和蓝色混起来能得到绿色。故填By mixing yellow and blue./Mixing yellow and blue could make green. 31．根据“The purple color mushanzi describes a sunset covering the mountain.”可知暮山紫描述夕阳笼罩着整座山。故填The sunset covering the mountain. 32．根据“Only officials of the top three grades were allowed to wear purple clothes”可知只有三品以上的官员被允许穿紫色衣服。故填Only officials of the top three grades. 33．根据“Nowadays, some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings, which excite people’s interest in ancient colors.”可知一些电视节目在服装和建筑上呈现中国传统色彩是为了激发人们对古代色彩的兴趣。故填To excite people’s interest in ancient colors. Passage 3 People think different colors have different meanings. They think some colors can bring them good luck. In Chinese culture, there are some lucky colors. Here are the top three of them. Red—Happiness, Success and Good Fortune(命运) Red represents fire and is the most popular color in China. It stands for happiness, beauty, vitality(活力), good luck, success and good fortune. Red is popular with Chinese people and it is widely used during festivals and important events like weddings. Red things are common in our everyday life. We can see red lanterns, red paper cuttings and so on. People wear red clothes during weddings, festivals and other celebratory events. Red envelopes(信封) are stuffed(塞) with money and given as gifts during Chinese New Year. Yellow—Royalty(王权) and Power of the Throne(君主) In Chinese culture, yellow stands for royalty and is usually used for the emperor. The first Emperor of China was known as Yellow Emperor. China was often referred to as “Yellow Earth”, and its mother river is Yellow River. Green—Money and wealth Green is a color which has many meanings such as wealth, hope and growth. Green also stands for pure and clean. Banks and restaurants are often painted in green. Packaging for some produce is often in green in order to show that the food is not polluted. 34．How many lucky colors are mentioned in the passage? ___________________________________________________________________ 35．Which is the most popular color in China? ___________________________________________________________________ 36．What does yellow stand for in Chinese culture? ___________________________________________________________________ 37．Are banks often painted in green or yellow? ___________________________________________________________________ 38．Why do people package their produce in green? ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】34．Three. 35．Red. 36．Royalty. /It stands for royalty. 37．They’re often painted in green. 38．Because they want to show that their produce is not polluted. 【解析】本文主要讲述了在中国文化中，排名前三的幸运颜色——红色、黄色和绿色的寓意。 34．根据“Red”、“Yellow”、“Green”可知，文中提到了三种颜色。故填Three. 35．根据“Red represents fire and is the most popular color in China”可知，红色是中国最流行的颜色。故填Red. 36．根据“In Chinese culture, yellow stands for royalty and is usually used for the emperor.”可知，在中国文化中，黄色代表王权，通常被用来指代皇帝。故填Royalty. /It stands for royalty. 37．根据“Banks and restaurants are often painted in green”可知，银行常被漆成绿色。故填They’re often painted in green. 38．根据“Packaging for some produce is often in green in order to show that the food is not polluted.”可知，一些农产品的包装通常是绿色的，以表明食品没有被污染。故填Because they want to show that their produce is not polluted. 四、完形填空 Cloze 1 What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观者), a leaden or an active person who enjoys life. Do you prefer grey and blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you often follow instead of 39 . You seem to be a pessimist (悲观者). Colours 40 our moods. There is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more 41 and warmer than a dark green one. It seems that a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the sadness winter day. On the other hand, black represents stress. A black bridge 42 the River, Thames, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than bridge in the area until it 43 green. The number of suicides fell at once, perhaps it will fall even more if the bridge is done 44 pink or baby blue. Light and 45 colours make people not only happier but 46 . It is true that factory workers work better, harder, and have 47 accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than 48 or dark green. 39．A．returning B．coming C．leading D．thinking 40．A．cause B．influence C．effect D．create 41．A．cheerful B．unhappy C．nervous D．worried 42．A．on B．over C．across D．through 43．A．painted B．is painted C．paints D．was painted 44．A．with B．by C．in D．to 45．A．dark B．bright C．clear D．good 46．A．active B．much active C．more active D．actively 47．A．little B．less C．fewer D．more 48．A．white B．light C．pink D．black 【答案】 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．C 47．C 48．D 【详解】本文是一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍了喜欢不同的颜色，显示出人的不同的个性特征，并且颜色能够影响我们的情绪。 39．句意：那么你可能很安静，很害羞，你经常跟随而不是领导。 returning归还；coming来；leading领导；thinking思考。根据“follow instead of …”可知，空处的词应是和follow“跟随”意义相反的词。故选C。 40．句意：颜色影响我们的情绪。 cause引起；influence影响，侧重于影响的过程和能力；effect影响，侧重于结果和后果；create创造。根据下文的介绍可知，此处指的是颜色影响情绪，且强调的应是影响的过程。故选B。 41．句意：黄色的房间比暗绿色的房间使大部分的人感觉更令人愉快和温暖。 cheerful令人愉快的；unhappy不开心的；nervous紧张的；worried担忧的。根据“feel more…and warmer”可知，空处的词应是与warmer“温暖的”并列的词汇，为褒义词，cheerful“令人愉快的”符合语境。故选A。 42．句意：伦敦附近的泰晤士河上的一座黑色的桥，在被涂色成绿色之前，比起这一地区的其他的桥，这里曾是更多自杀行为的地点。 on在……上面，两者相接触；over在……上方，表示某一物体位置高于另一物体，表面不接触；across穿过，从一个物体的表面穿过；through穿过，指从一端到另一端。根据句意，桥在河的正上方，表面不接触。故选B。 43．句意：伦敦附近的泰晤士河上的一座黑色的桥，在被涂色成绿色之前，比起这一地区的其他的桥，这里曾是更多自杀行为的地点。 painted涂色的，动词过去式和过去分词形式；is painted被涂色，动词一般现在时被动语态；paints涂色，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；was painted被涂色，一般过去时被动语态。根据“used to be… until it…green.”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，主语it和动词paint之间应是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 44．句意：自杀的数量一下子减少了，如果桥被涂成粉色或淡蓝色，自杀人数可能下降更多。 with和，跟；by通过，由；in在；to到。根据“if the bridge is done…pink or baby blue.”可知，空处应填介词in表示涂上某种颜色的情况。故选C。 45．句意：明亮的颜色不仅让人感到更快乐，还能让人更加活跃。 dark深色的、暗色的；bright明亮的；clear清晰的；good好的。根据后文“It is true that factory workers work better, harder, and have… accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than…or dark green.”可知，当机器被涂成橘黄色而不是黑色或暗绿色时，工厂的工人工作更好，更努力，黄色应是浅色和明亮的颜色，因此此处指的是浅色和明亮的颜色让人感到更快乐。故选B。 46．句意：明亮的颜色不仅让人感到更快乐，还能让人更加活跃。 active积极的、活跃的；much active非常活跃的；more active更加活跃的；actively积极地、主动地。根据“happier but…”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故选C。 47．句意：事实是，当他们的机器被漆成橘黄色而不是黑色或暗绿色时，工厂的工人工作更好，更努力，并且有更少的事故。 little少的，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；more更多的，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。根据句意和“…accidents”可知，此处指的应是更少的事故，accidents“事故”，是可数名词复数。故选C。 48．句意：事实是，当他们的机器被漆成橘黄色而不是黑色或暗绿色时，工厂的工人工作更好，更努力，并且有更少的事故。 white白色；light浅色；pink粉红色；black黑色。根据“rather than”可知，空后提到的颜色与应是与orange“橘黄色”相反的，black“黑色”符合语境。故选D。 Cloze 2 Colour words are widely used in both Chinese and English cultures. People use them to show conditions, views and feelings. Yuebai, gielan and shiging...These are 49 old Chinese people called different kinds of blue in the old times-light or deep. Yuebai is not white. It’s a kind of blue close to the color of moonlight. Old Chinese people generally 50 colors into basic colors and mixed colors. There were five basic colors: blue, red, yellow, white and black. People could mix them together to get mixed colors. Colors have special meanings in Chinese culture. In old China, color was a symbol of social 51 . For example, yellow stood for power. It was a color for the emperors. Officials of different ranks (等级) wore clothes of different colors. Purple clothes were simply for officials of the top three ranks while blue was for those who were in the two lowest ranks. Many beautiful color names come from famous works of literature and show how old Chinese people understood the beauty of nature. For example, dongfangjibai is a light blue color. It comes from a work by Su Shi. The color blue describes the color of the sky 52 the sun rises. 53 , people in the West also use colour expressions to show their feelings and describe the world. Red is often used to express 54 feelings. They may say they are red hot when they are very angry. Pink is a color for good health. This probably comes from the 55 that many babies born with a pink color are healthy. Green is a color for trees and grass. It is said that the Greeks first connected green with 56 caused by envy. The expression “a black sheep of the family” refers to an 57 member of a family or a group if he is always a trouble-maker. Black outs were common during World War II. During black outs, all the lights in a city were turned off. This could make 58 difficult for enemy planes to find a target (目标) on the ground in the dark of night. 49．A．why B．how C．whether D．what 50．A．divided B．turned C．put D．cut 51．A．conditions B．celebrations C．positions D．problems 52．A．before B．while C．since D．after 53．A．However B．Instead C．Moreover D．Otherwise 54．A．strong B．strange C．sudden D．serious 55．A．result B．fact C．way D．tradition 56．A．happiness B．sadness C．loneliness D．sickness 57．A．unwelcome B．honest C．inactive D．impolite 58．A．that B．this C．them D．it 【答案】 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B 56．D 57．A 58．D 【详解】本文主要讲述了颜色被广泛使用在中西方文化中，人们使用颜色表达各种各样的情况、观点和感受。 49．句意：这些是旧时中国人对不同蓝色的称呼——浅蓝或深蓝。 why为什么；how怎样；whether是否；what什么。根据“Yuebai, gielan and shiging...”可知，这是古代中国称呼不同蓝的方式。故选B。 50．句意：中国古人一般把颜色分为基本色和混合色。 divided划分；turned转变；put放；cut切割。根据“...colors into basic colors and mixed colors.”可知，是把颜色分为基本色和混合色，divide...into...“把……分成……”，固定搭配。故选A。 51．句意：在旧中国，颜色是社会地位的象征。 conditions条件；celebrations庆祝；positions位置；problems问题。根据“For example, yellow stood for power”可知，颜色是社会地位的象征。故选C。 52．句意：蓝色是指太阳升起前天空的颜色。 before在……之前；while当……时；since自从；after在……之后。根据“dongfangjibai is a light blue color.”可知，太阳在升起之前，东方发亮的时候天是浅蓝色的。故选A。 53．句意：此外，西方人也会用色彩表达来展示他们的感受和描述世界。 However然而；Instead代替；Moreover另外；Otherwise否则。根据“people in the West also use colour expressions to show their feelings and describe the world.”可知，与前文描述的中国文化颜色的使用是递进关系。故选C。 54．句意：红色通常用来表达强烈的感情。 strong强烈的；strange奇怪的；sudden突然的；serious严肃的。根据“They may say they are red hot when they are very angry.”可知，红色用来表达强烈的感受。故选A。 55．句意：这可能是因为许多出生是粉红色的婴儿是健康的。 result结果；fact事实；way方式；tradition传统。根据“Pink is a color for good health.”及“many babies born with a pink color are healthy.”可知，是源自一个实际情况。故选B。 56．句意：据说希腊人最早将绿色与嫉妒引起的疾病联系起来。 happiness幸福；sadness悲伤；loneliness孤独；sickness孤独。根据“caused by envy”可知，是把绿色和因为嫉妒引发的疾病联系起来。故选D。 57．句意：“家庭中的害群之马”一词是指一个家庭或群体中不受欢迎的成员如果他总是制造麻烦的话。 unwelcome不受欢迎的；honest诚实的；inactive不活跃的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“if he is always a trouble-maker”可知，这个表达“家庭中的害群之马”是指不受欢迎的家庭或团队成员。故选A。 58．句意：这可能会使敌机在黑夜中难以找到地面上的目标。 that那个；this这个；them他们；it它。根据“make...difficult for enemy planes to find a target”可知，句子结构为make+it+adj+for sb to do sth，用it代替不定式短语作形式宾语。故选D。 Cloze 3 In Chinese culture, the color red stands for many good things, for example, happiness. But writing names and letters in red ink is usually 59 . Why? In ancient times, red was the symbol of 60 . Not everyone could write in red ink 61 emperors. They would 62 to official also memorials (奏折) in red ink. The red ink that emperors used was made of cinnabar (朱砂), so their replies were known as zhupi. Writing in red ink also had something to do with 63 . In ancient China, the criminals who were sentenced (判刑) to death wrote their names in red ink. The records of criminals’ names were all written in red. Names on tombstones (墓碑) were 64 as well. Therefore, it was thought to be 65 to write names in red ink. Since red words carry bad meanings, people don’t write 66 in red ink. If you write to friends or family members in red ink, it means you want to break up with them. Nowadays, red ink is used for proofreading (校对). 67 correct students’ homework in red ink. Editors (编辑) who need to 68 mistakes in newspapers and magazines also use red ink. But writing names or letters in red ink is still a bad idea to many people. 59．A．allowed B．avoided C．guided D．forced 60．A．love B．duty C．age D．power 61．A．only B．nearly C．never D．also 62．A．send B．write C．reply D．listen 63．A．death B．life C．study D．health 64．A．black B．white C．green D．red 65．A．important B．unlucky C．possible D．polite 66．A．letters B．stories C．articles D．books 67．A．Parents B．Teachers C．Headmasters D．Friends 68．A．realize B．make C．correct D．hide 【答案】 59．B 60．D 61．A 62．C 63．A 64．D 65．B 66．A 67．B 68．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了在中国不用红色墨水书写的原因。 59．句意：但通常避免用红墨水写名字和字母。 allowed允许；avoided避免；guided指导；forced强迫。根据上文“In Chinese culture, the color red stands for many good things, for example, happiness.”可知，在中国文化中，红色代表许多美好的事物，此处But表示与上文为转折关系，可推测此处是但通常避免用红墨水写名字和字母。故选B。 60．句意：在古代，红色是权力的象征。 love爱；duty责任；age年龄；power权利。根据下文“Not everyone could write in red ink...emperors. They would...to official also memorials in red ink.”可知，在中国古代皇帝会用红色批改奏折，可推测红色是权力的象征。故选D。 61．句意：并不是每个人都能用红墨水书写——只有皇帝。 only只有；nearly几乎；never从不；also也。根据“Not everyone could write in red ink...emperors.”可知，中国古代不是每个人都可以用红色书写，但皇帝可以用红色批改奏折，可推测此处是只有皇帝。故选A。 62．句意：他们会用红墨水回复官员的奏折。 send发送；write写；reply回复；listen听。根据下文“The red ink that emperors used was made of cinnabar, so their replies were known as zhupi.”可知，皇帝使用的红墨水回复他们，被称为朱批，可推测此处是会用红墨水回复官员的奏折。故选C。 63．句意：用红墨水书写也与死亡有关。 death死亡；life生活；study学习；health健康。根据下文“In ancient China, the criminals who were sentenced to death wrote their names in red ink.”可知，在中国古代，被判处死刑的罪犯用红墨水写下自己的名字，可推测此处是用红墨水书写也与死亡有关。故选A。 64．句意：墓碑上的名字也是红色的。 black黑色的；white白色的；green绿色的；red红色的。根据“Names on tombstones were...as well.”可知，在中国墓碑上通常用红色书写去世者的名字。故选D。 65．句意：因此，人们认为用红墨水写名字是不吉利的。 important重要的；unlucky不吉利的；possible可能的；polite有礼貌的。根据上文“The records of criminals’ names were all written in red. Names on tombstones were...as well.”可知，罪犯的名字和墓碑上的名字都是用红色的墨水书写，可推测此处是人们认为用红墨水写名字是不吉利的。故选B。 66．句意：由于红色的字有不好的含义，人们不会用红墨水写信。 letters信；stories故事；articles文章；books书。根据“Since red words carry bad meanings, people don’t write...in red ink...If you write to friends or family members in red ink”可知，因为红色的字有不好的含义，可推测此处是人们不会用红墨水写信。故选A。 67．句意：老师用红墨水批改学生的家庭作业。 Parents父母；Teachers老师；Headmasters校长；Friends朋友。根据“...correct students’ homework in red ink.”可知，老师为学生批改作业。故选B。 68．句意：需要更正报纸和杂志错误的编辑也会使用红墨水。 realize意识到；make制作；correct纠正，修正；hide藏。根据“Editors who need to...mistakes in newspapers and magazines also use red ink.”可知，报纸和杂志的校对人员需要用红色更正错误。故选C。 五、短文填空：语法填空与首字母填空。 （一） 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 There 69 (be) three primary colors red, yellow and blue. According to the three colors, people 70 (divide) into different groups. The group of people who love red are very confident. They’re 71 (suit) for being either salesmen or players. The members of this group are also energetic and 72 (power). They always believe that everything will go on as they have planned. They don’t spend time 73 (worry) about mistakes or disasters that might happen. Yellow is usually loved by cowardly (胆小的) people. They are easy 74 (work) with because they are afraid of arguments. So they hardly get angry with others or have a fight with someone. However, sometimes they are full of 75 (wise). So they can make wise decisions. Lovers of blue would rather 76 (believe) in others than trust themselves. So this group of people don’t like to be 77 (lead) but followers. One who loves blue is is moved by sad stories 78 (easy). He is quieter or sadder than others. Different colours can show different personalities of people. Maybe you can know what someone is like according to the colors he likes. 【答案】 69．are 70．are divided 71．suitable 72．powerful 73．worrying 74．to work 75．wisdom 76．believe 77．leaders 78．easily 【详解】本文主要介绍了喜欢不同颜色的人的性格。 69．句意：有三种原色：红色、黄色和蓝色。主语是three primary colors，谓语动词用复数形式，句子采用一般现在时。故填are。 70．句意：根据这三种颜色，人们被分成不同的群体。主语people和动词divide之间是被动关系，时态为一般现在时，结构为are divided。故填are divided。 71．句意：他们适合做销售员或运动员。be suitable for“适合”，形容词作表语。故填suitable。 72．句意：这个群体的成员也充满活力和力量。根据“energetic and”可知此处应用power的形容词powerful作表语。故填powerful。 73．句意：他们不会花时间担心可能发生的错误或灾难。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，动名词形式。故填worrying。 74．句意：他们很容易相处，因为他们害怕争吵。be easy to do sth“容易做某事”，动词不定式形式。故填to work。 75．句意：然而，有时他们充满智慧。of后接名词作宾语。wise的名词形式是wisdom。故填wisdom。 76．句意：喜欢蓝色的人宁愿相信别人也不愿相信自己。would rather do sth“宁愿做某事”，动词原形。故填believe。 77．句意：所以这群人不喜欢做领导者，而是追随者。根据“but followers”可知此处应用lead的名词形式leader，用其复数形式leaders。故填leaders。 78．句意：喜欢蓝色的人很容易被悲伤的故事感动。副词修饰动词，easily“容易地”。故填easily。 （二） 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。 Color Your Life was published in 2017. The book shows that colors can i 79 our moods and life. You may wonder w 80 it’s true or not. The answer is yes! The book gives you a lot of advice. For example, when you need strength to d 81 with problems, the book tells you to wear red because it represents power. If you are w 82 about study, you can wear yellow because it’s the color of wisdom. When you are stressed, eat more green vegetables. The book makes you take n 83 of the importance of colors. If you are interested in the book, go and get one from the bookstore. 【答案】79．(i)nfluence 80．(w)hether 81．(d)eal 82．(w)orried/(w)orrying 83．(n)otice 【详解】本文介绍了《Color Your Life》这本书的主要内容，即颜色能够影响人的情绪和生活。 79．句意：这本书表明颜色能够影响我们的情绪和生活。根据“colors can i… our moods and life”可知，颜色会影响人的情绪和生活，influence“影响”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(i)nfluence。 80．句意：你可能想知道这是否是真的。根据“or not”可知，是固定搭配whether … or not“是否”，whether引导宾语从句。故填(w)hether。 81．句意：例如，当你需要力量来处理问题时，这本书告诉你穿红色，因为红色代表力量。根据“d… with problems”可知，表示处理问题，deal with“处理，解决”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(d)eal。 82．句意：如果你担心学习，你可以穿黄色，因为它是智慧的颜色。根据“are w… about study”可知，表达担心学习，be worried about sth“担心某事”，或用现在进行时be doing的结构，动词worry用现在分词。故填(w)orried/(w)orrying。 83．句意：这本书让你注意到颜色的重要性。根据“the importance of colors”可知，要注意到颜色的重要作用，take notice of sth“注意到某物”，固定短语。故填(n)otice。 （三） 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s your favorite color? It was 84 of the first questions you asked as a kid to a new friend! There are three primary colors; red, yellow and blue. The three colors can be used 85 (divide) people into different groups. The group of people 86 love red are very confident. Being cither sales men or athletes is suitable for them. The members of this group are also energetic and 87 (power). They always believe that everything will go on as they have planned. They 88 no time worrying about mistakes or disasters that might happen. Yellow is 89 (usual) loved by cowardly (胆小的) people. They get along easily with others 90 they are afraid of arguments. So they hardly get angry with others or have a fight with someone. However, sometimes they are full of wisdom, so they can make wise 91 (decide). Lovers of blue would rather believe 92 others than trust themselves. So this group of people prefer to be followers instead of leaders. One who loves blue is quieter or shyer than others. He will 93 (touch) by sad movies and memories easily. Different colors can show different personalities of people. Maybe you can know what someone is like according to the color he likes. 【答案】 84．one 85．to divide 86．who/that 87．powerful 88．spend 89．usually 90．because 91．decisions 92．in 93．be touched 【详解】本文分别介绍了喜欢红色、黄色和蓝色的人的性格特点。 84．句意：这是你小时候问新朋友的第一个问题！此处考查短语one of+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，符合句意。故填one。 85．句意：这三种颜色可以用来把人分成不同的群体。短语be used to do sth.“被用作于……”，为固定搭配。故填to divide。 86．句意：喜欢红色的人非常自信。分析句子成分可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为人且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that或who。故填who/that。 87．句意：这个群体的成员也充满活力和力量。根据“The members of this group are also energetic and...”可知，and前后一致，此处应填入power的形容词形式作表语。故填powerful。 88．句意：他们不会花时间去担心可能发生的错误或灾难。此处考查短语spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，根据前后文可知时态为一般现在时，主语为复数人称，谓语动词应用原形。故填spend。 89．句意：胆小的人通常喜欢黄色。空格处应填入副词修饰动词loved，频率副词usually意思是“通常”，符合句意。故填usually。 90．句意：他们很容易与人相处，因为他们害怕争吵。根据“They get along easily with others... they are afraid of arguments.”可知，前为结果，后为原因，此句为because原因状语从句。故填because。 91．句意：不过，有时他们也充满智慧，可以做出明智的决定。空格处应填入decide的名词形式decision作动词make的宾语，且应用复数形式泛指一类事物。故填decisions。 92．句意：喜欢蓝色的人宁可相信别人，也不相信自己。短语believe in sb.意思是“相信某人，信任某人”，符合句意。故填in。 93．句意：他很容易被悲伤的电影和回忆所打动。主语He与动词touch为动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，根据前文的will可知，此处为一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故填be touched。 六、书面表达：中化传统文化与颜色的奇妙融合。 94．我国的传统文化源远流长，博大精深 。我们随时都能感受到传统文化的气息，它绽放在异彩纷呈的民俗节日中 。假如你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jack来信说对“中国红”很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在我们日常生活中的体现，请你根据下面提示写一封回信。 写作要求： ( 1)内容包括提示信息，可适当发挥，文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名。 ( 2)字数不少于 80词。 (3)卷面整洁，条理清楚。 参考词汇：红包 red packets 剪纸 paper cutting Dear Jack, It’s great to receive your letter. Knowing that you’re interested in Chinese red, I’m writing to tell you something about it. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Jack, It’s great to receive your letter. Knowing that you’re interested in Chinese red, I’m writing to tell you something about it. Chinese red, considered as the symbolic color of China, is extremely popular with Chinese people. It usually represents happiness, and we believe that it can bring us good luck．   People in our country attach such great importance to Chinese red that they use many red objects in some important events. For instance, in a wedding, you can see that the bride is in a red wedding dress and the wedding room is decorated with red. What’s more, the houses are also filled with red paper cuts, lanterns and Chinese Knots during the Spring Festival. Children will get red packets for best wishes as well. Obviously, Chinese red plays a significant role and enjoys the highest popularity in China. I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about Chinese red. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出本文主题； 第二步，介绍红色所代表的意义； 第三步，介绍红色的应用； 第四步，表达自己的希望。 [亮点词汇] ①be interested in对……感兴趣 ②be popular with受欢迎 ③what’s more并且 [高分句型] ①People in our country attach such great importance to Chinese red that they use many red objects in some important events.（such…that引导结果状语从句） ②I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about Chinese red.（宾语从句） 95．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony对“中国红”一词很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在中国人日常生活中的体现，请你根据以下表格信息写一封回信帮助他了解。 地位 最受欢迎的颜色之一 含义 幸福，可以带来好运 使用场所及表达方式 婚礼，春节等，剪纸，中国结，红包，灯笼等 影响 深深地影响每一个中国人 提示词：剪纸 paper-cutting，中国结Chinese knot，红包red packet Dear Tony, It’s great to receive your letter. I’m writing to tell you something about China Red. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about China Red. Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Tony, It’s great to receive your letter. I’m writing to tell you something about China Red. As we all know, China Red is one of the most popular colours in China, and it is deeply loved by people of all ages. The reason why Chinese people love red is that it stands for happiness and wealth. What’s more, it can bring people good luck. When the Spring Festival is coming, China Red will come into your eyes whenever and wherever you are. When you attend someone’s wedding, what impresses you most is the China Red. On these occasions, China Red is put into many things, such as paper cuttings, Chinese knots, red packets and lanterns, which can be used to expect a promising future. The China Red has deeply affected every Chinese. It is not only a colour but also a kind of Chinese spirit and culture. I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about China Red. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一封回信； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，根据以下表格信息写一封回信帮助你的英国朋友Tony，了解“中国红”在中国人日常生活中的体现。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头已给出，表明很高兴收到对方来信，然后回信告诉他关于“中国红”的事情； 第二步，从地位、含义、使用场所及表达方式和影响四个方面来介绍“中国红”； 第三步，结语已给出，希望回信能对他有所帮助。 [亮点词汇] ①stand for代表 ②on these occasions在这些场合 ③put into把……放进 ④be used to do习惯于 [高分句型] ①The reason why Chinese people love red is that it stands for happiness and wealth. （that引导表语从句） ②On these occasions, China red is put into many things, such as paper cuttings, Chinese knots, red packets and lanterns, which can be used to expect a promising future. （which引导的非限制性定语从句） 96．新学期开始了，请根据以下的信息，介绍你的新同学Li Qiang。 Li Qiang Personality: kind, creative, organized, modest … Favourite colours: blue and green, because … His future plan: to be a manager, because … 注意： 1. 文章需包涵以上要点，可适当发挥。 2. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。 3. 词数：100词左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总数。 Li Qiang is my new classmate. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Li Qiang is my new classmate. He is 13 years old. He is tall and thin. He has blue glasses. He is kind, creative, organized and modest. He is always ready to help others. If he finds somebody in trouble, he must go and help him. He likes playing sports. He is the best basketball player in our school. He has a great sense of humor and he always makes us laugh. We all like him. His favourite colours are blue and green, because his glasses are blue and his bag is green. He is going to be a manager, because he is like Ma Yun and he wants to have a lot of money. 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，材料作文；在写作时应承接短文开头。根据材料提示可知，应从三个方面描写李强：性格外貌、喜欢的颜色和理想。 2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时和一般将来时，注意主谓一致，会使用到的句型He is…/He has…等；包含提示要点，适当发挥，叙述完整连贯，保证条理清晰，语法、单词拼写和标点要使用正确。 试卷第2页，共31页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$