精品解析：江西省南昌市江西科技学院附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期8月开学摸底考英语试卷

江科附中2024—2025学年第一学期 高三年级8月学校摸底考英语试卷 卷面分数：150分；考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a store. C. In a bank. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3 How did the speakers come to Seattle? A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train. 4. What went on at Cooper’s last night? A. A movie show. B. A birthday party. C. A sales promotion. 5. What does the man probably want to do? A. Do some exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order room service. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to do before noon? A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email. 7. Whose birthday is it? A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where is Jim now? A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office. 9. What is the woman’s suggestion? A. Going to the city center. B. Taking a short cut home. C. Meeting Jim in the park. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What position does the man apply for? A. A salesperson. B. An engineer. C. An accountant. 11. Which aspect of the company appeals to the man? A. The company culture. B. The free accommodations. C. The competitive pay. 12. What is difficult for the man to deal with? A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Quality-quantity balance. C. Unplanned happenings. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. She’s interpreting a painting. B. She’s chairing a meeting. C. She’s hosting a program. 14. How did Kuhn get the name “Happy”? A. From an oil painting. B. From a city in Mexico. C. From his initials in Spanish. 15. Who discovered Kuhn’s artistic talent? A. His childhood friend. B. His father. C. A woman artist. 16. What makes Kuhn’s art special? A. His focus on life of the aged. B. His unique use of bright colors. C. His expression of childlike innocence. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did Gallo receive yesterday? A. A call from her sister. B. A bottle from her aunt. C. A letter from a stranger. 18. Where did the fisherman find the bottle? A. On Monhegan Island. B. At Cumberland. C. In Spain. 19. How old was Gallo when she threw out the bottle? A. Eight. B. Eleven. C. Fourteen. 20. Where is the bottle now? A. In the ocean. B. At Gallo’s home. C. With the fisherman. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Forest Park Easy Hike in Queens EVENT DESCRIPTION: Walk out into the great outdoors, just outside Manhattan! Forest Park is filled with natural treasures and is a perfect getaway for locals and visitors alike. Can you believe this park has been around for over a century? Take the chance to bring family and four-legged friends, and expect to see a friendly doggie here and there. During the hike, you will explore different trails (all well-paved) and stop at a few key spots to learn more about the 3rd largest park in Queens. Get Tickets Here: https: /newyorksocialnetwork.com/events/forest-park-easy-hike-in-queens-7 Cost: $20 general members Date: May 7, 2023, Sunday How it works: •We’ll meet at 3 p.m. at Wallenberg Square right outside of Forest Park in Queens. •Be prepared to walk as we explore multiple paths throughout the park! •Public transit is available! You can take the EF to Union Turnpike or the LIRR to Kew Gardens and walk 15 minutes over to Wallenberg Square. •The hike will start and end at Wallenberg Square. What to bring: Water, hiking boots or sneakers Difficulty Level: Easy What if it rains? Refunds will be given if the event is canceled due to rain. Can I come alone? Yes, most guests do! It’s a great way to meet new people. Dress Code: Be comfortable and casual. Dress for the weather. You will be outside for 90 minutes. Ages: 20+ Most of our events attract 20’s-40’s although some events can be adjusted to younger or older (50’s) depending on the event. Questions? Email Dave Cervini at dave@newyorksocialnetwork.com or call 212.873.2256, M-F 10 a. m. to 4 p.m.. Nonrefundable unless canceled. 1. What can we learn about Forest Park Easy Hike? A. It is a dog-friendly event. B. It requires non-stop walking. C. It is held in the city center. D. It takes place on unpaved paths. 2. What is the age requirement for the event? A. Older than ten. B. Older than twenty. C. Older than thirty. D. Older than forty. 3. What should you do if you want to go hiking? A. Form a group. B. Carry an umbrella. C. Prepay the ticket. D. Wear formal clothes. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本篇为应用文。主要介绍皇后区森林公园徒步活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Take the chance to bring family and four-legged friends, and expect to see a friendly doggie here and there. (抓住机会带上家人和你的宠物狗，并期待在各处看到一只友好的小狗)”可知，这次的森林公园徒步活动是可以带狗狗的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Ages: 20+. Most of our events attract 20’s-40’s although some events can be adjusted to younger or older (50’s) depending on the event. (年龄：20岁以上。我们的大多数活动都吸引20至40岁的人，尽管有些活动可以根据活动的不同调整为更年轻或更年长（50岁）)”可知，活动的年龄要求是20岁以上。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第六段“What if it rains? Refunds will be given if the event is canceled due to rain. (如果下雨怎么办？如果活动因下雨而取消，将给予退款)”和最后一段“Nonrefundable unless canceled. (除非取消，否则不予退还)”可知，参加这项活动需要提前购票。故选C项。 B My mom spent years as a stay-at-home mom so that my brothers and I could focus on our education. However, I could tell from her curiosity of and attitudes toward working women that she envied their financial freedom and the self-esteem that must come with it. When I asked her about working again, she would tell me to focus on achieving my dream. I knew she had once dreamed for herself. For years, I watched het effortlessly light up conversations with both strangers and family. Her empathy and ability to reach the heart could make anyone laugh, even when the story itself did not apply to them at all. “Mom, have you ever thought about being a stand-up comedian?” “It is too late for me, son,” she responded, laughing at the idea. I could not bear to watch her struggle between ambition and doubt. Her birthday was coming up. Although I had already bought her a present, I knew what I actually wanted to give her. I placed little notes of encouragement inside the present. I asked my family and her friends to do the same. Eventually I had collected 146 notes, and each with the same sentiment: “You are humorous, full of life, and ready to take on the stage.” On the day of her birthday, my mom unwrapped my present. She was not surprised as she had hinted at it for long. But then she saw those little notes. She started to weep with her hands full of notes. She could not believe the support was real. Within two months, my mom gave her first performance in a New York comedy club. I have read the notes countless times with my mom. They are framed and line the walls of her new office space that she rented with the profits she made from working as a professional comedian. For many parents, their children’s careers are their greatest accomplishment, but for me my mom’s is mine. 4. What was the attitude of the author’s mother to working women? A. She was curious about their income. B. She admired what work brought them. C. She felt indifferent to working women. D. She appreciated their ambitions in finance. 5. According to the author, what makes his mother a good comedian? A. Her effort in making friends. B. Her talent to bring people joy. C. Her curiosity about working women. D. Her desire for financial independence. 6. How did his mother feel when reading the notes on her birthday? A. Amazed and hesitant. B. Sad and disappointed. C. Moved and encouraged. D. Delighted and proud. 7. What is the author’s greatest accomplishment? A. Supporting Mom’s dream. B. Achieving his own dream. C. Securing financial freedom. D. Becoming a successful comedian. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者看到妈妈对职业女性的憧憬和羡慕，用鼓励的方式帮妈妈实现梦想的故事，彰显了亲情之爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, I could tell from her curiosity of and attitudes toward working women that she envied their financial freedom and the self-esteem that must come with it.(然而，从她对职业女性的好奇和态度中，我可以看出她羡慕她们的财务自由和随之而来的自尊)”可知，作者妈妈对职业女性的态度是好奇的，羡慕职业女性因工作所带来的财政自由和自尊，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For years, I watched het effortlessly light up conversations with both strangers and family. Her empathy and ability to reach the heart could make anyone laugh, even when the story itself did not apply to them at all.(多年来，我看到她毫不费力地点亮了与陌生人和家人的谈话。她的同情心和打动人心的能力能让任何人开怀大笑，即使这个故事本身并不适用于他们)”可知，作者妈妈在与人交流和逗笑他人方面上有天赋，所以推荐妈妈去当一名单口相声演员。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“She was not surprised as she had hinted at it for long. But then she saw those little notes. She started to weep with her hands full of notes. She could not believe the support was real.(她并不感到惊讶，因为她早就得到暗示过了。但后来她看到了那些小纸条。她开始哭了，手里拿满了纸条。她不敢相信这种支持是真的)”可推知，妈妈看到纸条的反应十分感动和受鼓励，故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“For many parents, their children’s careers are their greatest accomplishment, but for me my mom’s is mine.(对许多父母来说，孩子的事业是他们最大的成就，但对我来说，妈妈的事业就是我的)”可知，作者最大的成就是支持妈妈的梦想。故选A。 C For Caribbean box jellyfish (水母), learning is literally a no-brainer. In a new experiment, these animals learned to spot and avoid obstacles (障碍物) despite having no central brain, researchers report in Current Biology. This is the first evidence that jellyfish can make mental connections between events and change their behavior accordingly. “Maybe learning doesn’t need a very complex nervous system, but rather, learning is an essential part of nerve cells,” says Jan Bielecki, a neuroethologist at Kiel University in Germany. If so, the new finding could help trace how learning evolved in animals. Bielecki and his colleagues wondered if Caribbean box jellyfish could learn that low-contrast objects, which might at first seem distant, were actually close by. The team put 12 jellyfish into a round tank surrounded by low-contrast, gray and white stripes. A camera filmed the animals’ behavior for about seven minutes. At first, the jellyfish seemed to interpret the gray stripes as distant roots and swam into the tank wall. But those collisions (碰撞) seemed to lead the jellyfish to treat the gray stripes more like close roots in dirty water, and the animals started avoiding them. The jellies’ average distance from the tank wall increased from about 2.5 centimeters in the first couple of minutes to about 3.6 centimeters in the final couple of minutes. Their average collisions into the wall dropped from 1.8 per minute to 0.78 per minute. “I found that really amazing,” says Nagayasu Nakanishi, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, who has studied jellyfish nervous systems but was not involved in the new work. “I never thought jellyfish could really learn.” Neurobiologist Björn Brembs views the results more cautiously, noting the small number of jellyfish tested and the variability in their performance. “I want this to be true, as it would be very cool,” says Brembs. Experiments with more jellyfish could convince him that the animals really do learn. 8. What can we know about the jellyfish in paragraph 2? A. They can avoid obstacles with a central brain. B. They can change their behaviour after evolution. C. They may have learning abilities with nerve cells. D. They may develop a very complex nervous system. 9. What change in behavior did the jellyfish show in the experiment? A. They completely ignored the gray stripes. B. They gradually started avoiding the gray stripes. C. They could avoid collisions if given enough time. D. They increased their collisions with the tank wall. 10. What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment? A. Jellyfish preferred the gray stripes over other things. B. Jellyfish were unable to learn from their environment. C. Jellyfish relied on the distant objects to change their behavior. D. Jellyfish showed a learning process and adjusted their behavior. 11. What does Brembs imply in the last paragraph? A. He believes more testing is needed to confirm the results. B. He is excited by the potential implications of the findings. C. He dismisses the findings as irrelevant to jellyfish behavior. D. He is doubtful due to the consistent performance of the jellyfish. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍通过一个科学实验论证，水母可以通过神经细胞进行学习，从而改变行为方式。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““Maybe learning doesn’t need a very complex nervous system, but rather, learning is an essential part of nerve cells,” says Jan Bielecki, a neuroethologist at Kiel University in Germany. (“也许学习并不需要一个非常复杂的神经系统，相反，学习是神经细胞的重要组成部分，”德国基尔大学的神经行为学家Jan Bielecki说。)”可知，水母不需要复杂的神经系统而只需要神经细胞就可以进行学习。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“At first, the jellyfish seemed to interpret the gray stripes as distant roots and swam into the tank wall. But those collisions (碰撞) seemed to lead the jellyfish to treat the gray stripes more like close roots in dirty water, and the animals started avoiding them. (起初，水母似乎把灰色条纹理解为遥远的树根，并游进了水箱壁。但这些碰撞似乎导致水母将灰色条纹视为脏水中的紧密根，水母开始避开它们。)”可知，水母在实验中逐渐开始避开灰色条纹。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“If so, the new finding could help trace how learning evolved in animals. (如果是这样的话，这项新发现将有助于追踪动物学习能力的进化过程。)”与第四段的实验发现，可知，水母是可以学习并调整行为的。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一句“Experiments with more jellyfish could convince him that the animals really do learn.(用更多的水母做实验可以让他相信动物确实会学习。)”可知，Brembs认为需要更多的测试来证实结果。故选A。 D For centuries, two of the most interesting questions about Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” were “Who?” and “When?” A discovery made at Heidelberg University in 2005 answered both. A note confirmed the account of da Vinci’s first biographer, Giorgio Vasari: that the sitter was a merchant’s wife, Lisa Gherardini. The note also helped date the masterpicce to between 1503 and 1506. A third conundrum— “Where?”— is still in dispute. But on June 3rd a French engineer, Pascal Cotte, declared that he and a collaborator had identified the landscape in the background of the painting. During a presentation, Mr Cotte contended that the artist was more plausibly depicting a part of his native Tuscany. Da Vinci represented the area not as it was, but as, in an unrealized scheme, he intended it to be. Mr Cotte, who was asked by the Louvre to create a digital image of the painting, is the inventor of the multispectral camera: a device that can detect not only the drawing below the surface of an oil painting but also intermediate layers of work. It was among these, under what appears to be a pointed rock, that he found a preparatory sketch (草图) showing that da Vinci intended it to represent a castellated tower. The landscape of the “Mona Lisa” also includes a huge overhanging precipice (悬崖). That is similar to one that da Vinci included in a sketch of a fortress contested (争夺) by Pisa and Florence in a war. The fortress with the nearby precipice—and a tower—all overlook the river Arno as it snakes from Florence to Pisa. All three also feature in drawings made by da Vinci to illustrate a plan about which, says Mr Cotte, he became “obsessive”. This involved diverting (改道) the Arno to cut off Pisa’s water supply and give Florence an outlet to the Mediterranean. In the early 1500s, with the two city-states at war, the idea was under active consideration. Mr Cotte argues that a channel at the right of the “Mona Lisa” is too wide to be a road, and is instead the dried-up bed of the Amo as da Vinci imagined it once his plan had been adopted. It never was. But if Mr Cotte’s theory is right, it might just explain why Gherardini, a Florentine, wears such a contented, if inscrutable, smile. 12. What was painted in the “Mona Lisa” according to Mr Cotte? A. A part of da Vinci’s hometown as it was. B. An overhanging precipice and a fortress. C. A pointed rock and a castellated tower. D. The dried-up bed of a river. 13. Who does “he” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Pascal Cotte B. Leonardo da Vinci C. Giorgio Vasari D. Lisa Gherardini 14. Why did Mona Lisa smile based on Cotte’s theory? A. Because da Vinci’s idea was taken seriously. B. Because da Vinci’s plan was adopted. C. Because Pisa’s water supply was cut off. D. Because Florence had a good chance to win the war. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. Where did Mona Lisa smile? B. When was the “Mona Lisa” painted? C. Who was the sitter of the “Mona Lisa”? D. Why did Mona Lisa put on a smile? 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了达·芬奇的名画《蒙娜丽莎》背后的秘密。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Mr Cotte argues that a channel at the right of the “Mona Lisa” is too wide to be a road, and is instead the dried-up bed of the Amo as da Vinci imagined it once his plan had been adopted(柯特先生认为，《蒙娜丽莎》右边的通道太宽了，不可能是路，而是达·芬奇在他的计划被采纳后想象的阿莫干枯的河床)”可知柯特先生说，干涸的河床在《蒙娜丽莎》的画中。故选D。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上句“All three also feature in drawings made by da Vinci to illustrate a plan (这三样东西也出现在达·芬奇用来说明计划的图纸中)”可知“he”指代的是上句中的da Vinci(达·芬奇)。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This involved diverting (改道) the Arno to cut off Pisa’s water supply and give Florence an outlet to the Mediterranean. In the early 1500s, with the two city-states at war, the idea was under active consideration.(这包括将亚诺河改道，切断比萨的供水，给佛罗伦萨一个通往地中海的出口。在16世纪早期，由于两个城邦处于战争状态，这个想法受到了积极的考虑)”可知，文章的Cote先生推测的是Florence会赢得这场战争，从而实现计划。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“For centuries, two of the most interesting questions about Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” were “Who?” and “When?” A discovery made at Heidelberg University in 2005 answered both. (几个世纪以来，关于列奥纳多·达·芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》最有趣的两个问题是：“谁?”和“什么时候?”2005年海德堡大学的一项发现回答了这两个问题)”以及第二段“A third conundrum— “Where?”— is still in dispute(第三个难题——“在哪里?”——仍在争论中)”可知，who和when的问题都被解决，而唯独where的问题没有被解决。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We love our pets. In fact, for most people they are more than me re pets and become more like family members. It is likely then that their owners, at some point, are going to want photographs of their furry friends. However, pet photography presents its own special problems. ____16____ If you’re thinking of trying pet photography, here are a few pointers to get you started. Find out about your subject’s personality and habits. Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy? ____17____ It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself. Cats, dogs, horses, they all have personality, and you need to ensure they are comfortable being around you, and you around them. ____18____ If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp. Just like humans, this is a natural point of focus, although focusing on the nose or mouth of a dog or cat can also make for an interesting image in its own right. See the world from pets’ perspective. If you photograph a pet while you’re standing up, all you’re going to see is the top of their head and their backs, not what you want for a portrait. Get down to their eye level. Try pre-focusing your camera and just holding it at ground level so you can look up at the pet. ____19____. Bring a flash with the owner’s permission. While greeting or playing with a new pet, fire a couple of test flashes away from them to see their reaction. In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all. ____20____. A. Think about getting in close to your subject. B. It’s worth a try just for a new angle on things. C. Animals can be unpredictable, lazy, aggressive and excitable. D. A good photograph focuses on the subject and not the background. E. If they do mind, then stick with natural light and use a white reflector. F. The more you shoot, the greater your chances of hitting that perfect shot! G. Take time to chat with the owner and observe your subject to gain some insight. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何给动物拍照片提出了几点建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“However, pet photography presents its own special problems.”（然而，宠物摄影也有其特殊的问题）可知，选项承接上文说明动物的具体问题。故C选项“动物可能是不可预测的、懒惰的、好斗的和容易激动的”切题。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy?”（太阳出来的时候它在哪里打盹?它最喜欢的玩具是什么?）可知，选项承接上文说明通过一起洗渠道了解动物的一些情况。故G选项“花点时间和主人聊天，观察你的拍摄对象，获得一些洞察力”切题，且呼应下文“It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself.”（花一点时间去了解这种动物也是值得的）切题。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp.”（如果宠物和你在一起很舒服，如果它不太紧张，照整张脸。把眼睛弄得漂亮而锐利）可知，本段告诉读者要接近拍摄对象。故A选项“考虑接近你的拍摄对象。”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“See the world from pets’ perspective.”（从宠物的角度看世界）可知，选项总结上文呼应主题，从从宠物的角度看世界是一个新的视角，值得去做。故B选项“从新的角度看问题，值得一试。”切题。故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all.”（尤其是在白天，它们似乎根本不在乎闪光灯。）可知，选项承接上文说明相反的情况怎么办。故E选项“如果它们介意，那就坚持使用自然光，使用白色的反光镜”切题。故选E项。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet. But when young, he could ____21____ read. He grew up with his three sisters in rural Western Jamaica, raised by their single mother. Life was tough, and proper schooling was out of the question due to ____22____ resources. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t ____23____ on reading. Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had not been ____24____ to books. By sixth grade, he could spell his name, but still couldn’t make out words or read with ____25____. He struggled in school with a deep sense of ____26____ and worthlessness. At age 12, a young teacher-in-training ____27____ a special reading program for ____28____ students. Ghunta was the first to join. That teacher, whose name he does not ____29____ now, became Ghunta’s unsung hero — the person who changed his life. The teacher was incredibly kind to him. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills saw marked improvement, and his sense of inadequacy began to ____30____. “She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said. “And a deeper ____31____ of my talent.” After Ghunta’s experience with the teacher, his life course ____32____. He graduated with academic ____33____ and is now the author of two children’s books, including “Rohan Bullkin and the Shadows.” Years later, Ghunta returned to his old school and asked the principal and teachers if they knew her ____34____, but none did. Carrying this memory, however, he still hopes to find and thank her for seeing his ____35____ and being a source of light and hope in his life. 21. A. merely B. barely C. totally D. simply 22. A. abundant B. public C. limited D. financial 23 A. give up B. fall behind C. miss out D. catch up 24. A. exposed B. drawn C. adapted D. devoted 25. A. reference B. hesitation C. caution D. understanding 26. A. awe B. loss C. guilt D. wonder 27. A. started B. submitted C. downloaded D. forwarded 28. A. disappointing B. struggling C. advanced D. qualified 29. A. type B. spell C. distinguish D. recall 30. A. disappear B. peak C. form D. spread 31. A. appreciation B. waste C. memory D. source 32. A. risked B. approached C. shifted D. determined 33. A. skills B. honors C. courses D. efforts 34. A. occupation. B. identity C. age D. name 35. A. drawback B. reflection C. potential D. ambition 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位名叫Juleus Ghunta的年轻人，在早年因资源匮乏几乎无法阅读，但在一位实习教师的帮助下，他的阅读能力得到显著提升，进而改变了人生轨迹，最终以优异成绩毕业并成为儿童书籍作者的故事。Ghunta心怀感激，希望找到这位老师表达谢意，她对他而言是生命中的光与希望。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但当他年轻的时候，他几乎不会读书。A. merely仅仅；B. barely几乎不；C. totally完全地；D. simply简单地。根据下文的“Life was tough, and proper schooling was out of the question due to ____ resources”可知，Juleus Ghunta 成长过程中缺乏教育资源，因此这里表示他几乎不会阅读。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活艰难，由于资源有限，接受适当的教育是不可能的。A. abundant丰富的；B. public公共的；C. limited有限的；D. financial金融的。根据前文的“Life was tough, and proper schooling was out of the question due to”可知，此处指他家庭的经济状况不佳，教育资源有限，故难以获得正规教育。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Ghunta最终上学时，他无法在阅读上赶上进度。A. give up放弃；B. fall behind落后；C. miss out错过；D. catch up赶上。根据前文的“Life was tough, and proper schooling was out of the question due to ____ resources.”和后文的“Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had not been ____ to books.”可知，他不仅小时候被留在家里没去上学，而且也没有接触过书籍，由于之前缺乏基础，他上学后无法在阅读上赶上进度。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不仅小时候被留在家里没去上学，而且也没有接触过书籍。A. exposed接触；B. drawn绘制；C. adapted适应；D. devoted致力于。根据前文的“Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had not been”可知，由于家境困难，他小时候被留在家里没去上学，也没有机会接触到书籍，exposed to表示“接触”，符合上下文。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到六年级时，他会拼写自己的名字，但仍无法识字或理解地阅读。A. reference参考；B. hesitation犹豫；C. caution谨慎；D. understanding理解。根据前文的“he could spell his name, but still couldn’t make out words or read with”可知，这里强调他无法理解阅读内容，表明阅读能力仍然很低。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在学校里苦苦挣扎，深感失败和无用。A. awe敬畏；B. loss失败；C. guilt内疚；D. wonder惊奇。根据前文的“By sixth grade, he could spell his name, but still couldn’t make out words or read with ____ . He struggled in school with a deep sense of ”可知，在学校表现不佳让他感到自己很失败。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁时，一位年轻的实习教师为学习有困难的学生启动了一个特别的阅读项目。A. started启动；B. submitted提交；C. downloaded下载；D. forwarded转发。根据前文的“a special reading program”可知，一位年轻的实习教师启动一个项目来帮助学生，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. struggling挣扎的；C. advanced高级的；D. qualified合格的。根据后文的“Ghunta was the first to join”可知，这里指那些在学习上遇到困难、需要帮助的学生。struggling students指的是那些在学习上遇到挑战，但仍坚持不懈努力的学生。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位老师的名字他现在记不起来了。A. type打字；B. spell拼写；C. distinguish区分；D. recall回想起。根据前文的“whose name he does not”可知，此处指他不记得老师的名字了。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的指导下，Ghunta的阅读技能有了显著提高，他的自卑感开始消失。A. disappear消失；B. peak达到顶峰；C. form形成；D. spread传播。根据前文的“Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills saw marked improvement, and his sense of inadequacy began to”可知，随着阅读能力的提升，他的自卑感逐渐消失。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她给我留下了文化的礼物，以及对自己的才能更深的理解。A. appreciation理解；B. waste浪费；C. memory记忆；D. source来源。根据前文的“And a deeper”和后文“of my talent”可知，在老师的帮助下，他对自己的能力有了更深的理解。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Ghunta有了那位老师的经验之后，他的人生轨迹发生了转变。A. risked冒险；B. approached接近；C. shifted转变；D. determined决定。根据后文的“He graduated with academic ____ and is now the author of two children’s books, including “Rohan Bullkin and the Shadows.””可知，他以优异的成绩毕业，并且现在是两本儿童书籍的作者，所以这里指他的人生方向因为这次经历而发生了转变。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以学术荣誉毕业，并且现在是两本儿童书籍的作者，包括《Rohan Bullkin and the Shadows》。A. skills技能；B. honors荣誉；C. courses课程；D. efforts努力。根据前文的“He graduated with academic”可知，这里指他学业成绩优异，他以学术荣誉毕业。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，Ghunta回到他的母校，问校长和老师们是否知道她的名字，但没有人知道。A. occupation职业；B. identity身份；C. age年龄；D. name名字。根据前文的“whose name he does not ____ now”、“Ghunta returned to his old school and asked the principal and teachers if they knew her”可知，Ghunta不记得那位老师的名字了，回到他的母校，询问那位老师的姓名。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着这份记忆，他仍然希望能找到并感谢她看到了他的潜力，成为他生命中的光明和希望之源。A. drawback缺点；B. reflection反思；C. potential潜力；D. ambition抱负。根据前文的“And a deeper ____ of my talent”和“ he still hopes to find and thank her for seeing his”可知，这里指老师看到了他潜在的能力。故选C。 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When BBC’s Planet Earth came out in 2006, the documentary series ____36____(praise) for its thrilling footage of wildlife from around the world. Hosted by famed naturalist David Attenborough, this project aims to showcase the beauty and ____37____(diverse) of the natural world; and, by doing so, it has urged the public ____38____(take) care of our planet. Fast forward 17 years, Planet Earth III has made it to the airwaves (电视无线电波). A few weeks ago, BBC shared a trailer (预告片) of Planet Earth III, ____39____ whales swim across the ocean and wolves walk on a ____40____(freeze) body of water. And while there are some anxiety- filled encounters, the video does point out who the real threat is. Seals are trapped by fishing nets, and primates ____41____(caution) cross a road where cars are zooming by. Critics point out while the footage is breathtaking, there’s a layer of heartbreak to it. Some of the species ____42____(have) some positive developments over the last few years. But ____43____show also presents how other creatures have had to adapt not only to climate changes, but also to the direct effects humans have had ____44____ their habitats. ____45____(echo) Attenborough’s urgent appeal from 2022, Planet Earth III presents the hardships these creatures face and also reminds the audience why they’re worth fighting for. 【答案】36. was praised 37. diversity 38. to take##should take##take 39. where 40. frozen 41. cautiously 42. have had 43. the 44. on##upon 45. Echoing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。BBC纪录片《地球脉动》第三季上映，展现野生动物壮丽景象，同时揭示气候变化和人类活动对它们的影响，呼吁公众保护地球。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：当英国广播公司的《地球》于2006年上映时，这部纪录片系列因其来自世界各地的激动人心的野生动物镜头而受到称赞。空处为主句的谓语动词，根据句中came可知，句子使用一般过去时，且praise与主语the documentary series之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是the documentary series，且结合空后的its可知，主语为单数，be动词使用was。故填was praised。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：该项目由著名博物学家David Attenborough主持，旨在展示自然世界的美丽和多样性；通过这样做，它敦促公众保护我们的星球。空处与beauty并列，应用不可数名词diversity，作动词showcase的宾语。故填diversity。 【38题详解】 考查动词不定式或虚拟语气。该项目由著名博物学家David Attenborough主持，旨在展示自然世界的美丽和多样性；通过这样做，它敦促公众保护我们的星球。urge sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“督促某人去做某事”，所以空处可填to take；或者可理解为：跟在urge后面，省略that的宾语从句，从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词使用(should) do结构。故填to take/(should) take。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：几周前，英国广播公司分享了《地球脉动III》的预告片，其中鲸鱼游过海洋，狼在冰冻的水体上行走。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词trailer，先行词指抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。几周前，英国广播公司分享了《地球脉动III》的预告片，其中鲸鱼游过海洋，狼在冰冻的水体上行走。空处修饰名词短语body of water，应用形容词frozen作定语，意为“冰冻的”。故填frozen。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：海豹被渔网困住，灵长类动物小心翼翼地穿过汽车飞驰而过的道路。空处修饰动词cross，应该用副词cautiously作状语，故填cautiously。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，一些物种有了一些积极的发展。根据时间状语over the last few years可知，句子时态应该用现在完成时，主语是Some of the species，为复数主语，谓语动词使用have had。故填have had。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但该节目也展示了其他生物如何不仅适应气候变化，而且适应人类对其栖息地的直接影响。此处特指《地球脉动III》这个节目，故填the。 【44题详解】 考查介词。但该节目也展示了其他生物如何不仅适应气候变化，而且适应人类对其栖息地直接影响。have direct effects on/upon sth.为固定搭配，意为“对……有直接影响”。故填on/upon。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与阿滕伯勒2022年的紧急呼吁相呼应，《地球脉动III》呈现了这些生物面临的困难，也提醒观众为什么它们值得为之奋斗。presents和reminds为主句谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，Planet Earth III和echo为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式作状语，且空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Echoing。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 46. 假定你是学生李华，你校将举办一次有关农业劳动课重要性的英语演讲比赛，你将代表班级参赛，请你以“On the importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 同学们对此课程的看法；2. 学习农业劳动课的意义。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Ladies and gentlemen, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,        I am honored to stand here to deliver a speech. Today my theme is about “On the importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”.        First and foremost, some students believe that there are many benefits to attend hands-on agricultural courses, which can make them know more about agriculture and experience the hardships of farmers’ labor. What’s more, the hands-on agricultural course will certainly improve students’ awareness of cherishing food.      Not only can learning agricultural courses offer an alternative to busy school life but also it allows students to gain direct labor experience and gradually establish a correct value of agricultural labor.      Thank you for your listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“On the importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”为主题写一篇演讲稿，参加学校将举办的一次有关农业劳动课重要性的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸的：honored→privileged 提供：offer→provide 首先：first and foremost→in the first place 另外：what’s more→in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am honored to stand here to deliver a speech. Today my theme is “The importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”. 拓展句：I am honored to stand here to deliver a speech, the theme of which is “The importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First and foremost, some students believe that there are many benefits to attend hands-on agricultural courses, which can make them know more about agriculture and experience the hardships of farmers’ labor. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Not only can learning agricultural courses offer an alternative to busy school life, but also it allows students to gain direct labor experience and gradually establish a correct value of agricultural labor. (运用了部分倒装句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Brad Howard, a Texas father, had enough of his son’s disruptive (扰乱性的) behavior in physics class. Despite multiple warnings and complaints from the teacher about his son’s excessive (过多的) talking, the situation didn’t improve. So, Brad decided to take matters into his own hands and gave his son, Bradley, a final warning. Brad made a bold promise to his son, saying, “Hey, if we get another call, I’m going to show up in school and sit beside you in class. ” The 17-year-old Bradley probably thought his dad was just bluffing (唬人) and continued his chatty (爱闲聊的) ways. But when Brad received another email from the teacher, he knew he had to follow through with his threat. On the morning of the important day, Brad’s wife woke him up and said, “Brad, it’s time for you to go to school. ” It struck him what he had said. He just couldn’t but a bit regret, “Oh, no, what have I done? ” Despite his unwillingness, Brad was determined to keep his word and headed to his son’s high school. The sight of Brad sitting next to Bradley in class was a source of amusement for Bradley’s friends, who found the situation ridiculous. Bradley, on the other hand, was less than thrilled. He couldn’t believe that his dad had actually gone through with his threat, The embarrassment of having his own father sitting beside him in class was enough to make him regret his behavior. As the class started, Bradley could feel all eyes on him and his dad. He could sense the judgment and the whispers from his classmates. “Hey, Bradley, it looks like your dad is really serious about this, ” one of his friends whispered across the hallway, trying to hold back a laugh. “Yeah, this is so embarrassing, ” Bradley whispered, his cheeks turning a deep shade of red. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But as the class progressed, something unexpected happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After school, Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 But as the class progressed, something unexpected happened. Brad didn’t just sit there quietly, he actively participated in the lesson. He listened intently, raised his hand to answer questions, and even asked questions himself. Bradley couldn’t help but notice the surprised looks on his teacher’s face and the nods of approval. As the day went on, it became clear to Bradlley that his dad’s intention was not to embarrass him but to teach him a valuable lesson. After school, Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation. “Thanks, Dad, ” he said quietly. “I didn’t realize you were trying to teach me something important. I know the importance of taking education seriously and respecting my teachers. I realize my attitude is not only affecting my own learning but also disrupting the learning environment for others. ” Bradley’s dad put a hand on his shoulder and smiled. “I love you, son. Sometimes we need to learn things in a hard way, but I’m always here for you.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了布拉德·霍华德是德克萨斯州的一位父亲，他受够了儿子在物理课上的捣乱行为。尽管老师多次警告和抱怨他儿子说话过多，但情况并没有好转。因此，布拉德决定亲自处理这件事，并给了儿子布拉德利最后的警告。于是他开始上课的时候坐在儿子旁边，还积极上课回答问题，最终让儿子认识到了自己的错误，开始认真学习。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但随着课程的进行，意想不到的事情发生了”可知，第一段可描写布拉德上课时的表现以及对儿子的影响。 ②由第二段首句内容“放学后，布拉德利带着新的感激之情，犹豫地走近父亲”可知，第二段可描写儿子的感悟。 2.续写线索：上课——布拉德回答问题——老师赞许——儿子惊讶——儿子感激——儿子感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①参加：participate in/take part in ②影响：affect/influence ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/astonished ②专注：intently/attentively 【点睛】[高分句型1] I didn’t realize you were trying to teach me something important. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] As the day went on, it became clear to Bradlley that his dad’s intention was not to embarrass him but to teach him a valuable lesson. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江科附中2024—2025学年第一学期 高三年级8月学校摸底考英语试卷 卷面分数：150分；考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a store. C. In a bank. 2. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. How did the speakers come to Seattle? A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train. 4. What went on at Cooper’s last night? A. A movie show. B. A birthday party. C. A sales promotion. 5. What does the man probably want to do? A. Do some exercise. B. Get an extra key. C. Order room service. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to do before noon? A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email. 7. Whose birthday is it? A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where is Jim now? A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office. 9. What is the woman’s suggestion? A. Going to the city center. B. Taking a short cut home. C. Meeting Jim in the park. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What position does the man apply for? A. A salesperson. B. An engineer. C. An accountant. 11. Which aspect of the company appeals to the man? A. The company culture. B. The free accommodations. C. The competitive pay. 12. What is difficult for the man to deal with? A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Quality-quantity balance. C. Unplanned happenings. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. She’s interpreting a painting. B. She’s chairing a meeting. C. She’s hosting a program. 14. How did Kuhn get the name “Happy”? A. From an oil painting. B. From a city in Mexico. C. From his initials in Spanish. 15. Who discovered Kuhn’s artistic talent? A. His childhood friend. B. His father. C. A woman artist. 16. What makes Kuhn’s art special? A. His focus on life of the aged. B. His unique use of bright colors. C. His expression of childlike innocence. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did Gallo receive yesterday? A. A call from her sister. B. A bottle from her aunt. C. A letter from a stranger. 18. Where did the fisherman find the bottle? A. On Monhegan Island. B. At Cumberland. C. In Spain. 19. How old was Gallo when she threw out the bottle? A. Eight. B. Eleven. C. Fourteen. 20. Where is the bottle now? A. In the ocean. B. At Gallo’s home. C. With the fisherman. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Forest Park Easy Hike in Queens EVENT DESCRIPTION: Walk out into the great outdoors, just outside Manhattan! Forest Park is filled with natural treasures and is a perfect getaway for locals and visitors alike. Can you believe this park has been around for over a century? Take the chance to bring family and four-legged friends, and expect to see a friendly doggie here and there. During the hike, you will explore different trails (all well-paved) and stop at a few key spots to learn more about the 3rd largest park in Queens. Get Tickets Here: https: /newyorksocialnetwork.com/events/forest-park-easy-hike-in-queens-7 Cost: $20 general members Date: May 7, 2023, Sunday How it works: •We’ll meet at 3 p.m. at Wallenberg Square right outside of Forest Park in Queens. •Be prepared to walk as we explore multiple paths throughout the park! •Public transit is available! You can take the EF to Union Turnpike or the LIRR to Kew Gardens and walk 15 minutes over to Wallenberg Square. •The hike will start and end at Wallenberg Square. What to bring: Water, hiking boots or sneakers Difficulty Level: Easy What if it rains? Refunds will be given if the event is canceled due to rain. Can I come alone? Yes, most guests do! It’s a great way to meet new people. Dress Code: Be comfortable and casual. Dress for the weather. You will be outside for 90 minutes. Ages: 20+. Most of our events attract 20’s-40’s although some events can be adjusted to younger or older (50’s) depending on the event. Questions? Email Dave Cervini at dave@newyorksocialnetwork.com or call 212.873.2256, M-F 10 a. m. to 4 p.m.. Nonrefundable unless canceled. 1. What can we learn about Forest Park Easy Hike? A. It is a dog-friendly event. B. It requires non-stop walking. C. It is held in the city center. D. It takes place on unpaved paths. 2. What is the age requirement for the event? A. Older than ten. B. Older than twenty. C. Older than thirty. D. Older than forty. 3. What should you do if you want to go hiking? A. Form a group. B. Carry an umbrella. C. Prepay the ticket. D. Wear formal clothes. B My mom spent years as a stay-at-home mom so that my brothers and I could focus on our education. However, I could tell from her curiosity of and attitudes toward working women that she envied their financial freedom and the self-esteem that must come with it. When I asked her about working again, she would tell me to focus on achieving my dream. I knew she had once dreamed for herself. For years, I watched het effortlessly light up conversations with both strangers and family. Her empathy and ability to reach the heart could make anyone laugh, even when the story itself did not apply to them at all. “Mom, have you ever thought about being a stand-up comedian?” “It is too late for me, son,” she responded, laughing at the idea. I could not bear to watch her struggle between ambition and doubt. Her birthday was coming up. Although I had already bought her a present, I knew what I actually wanted to give her. I placed little notes of encouragement inside the present. I asked my family and her friends to do the same. Eventually I had collected 146 notes, and each with the same sentiment: “You are humorous, full of life, and ready to take on the stage.” On the day of her birthday, my mom unwrapped my present. She was not surprised as she had hinted at it for long. But then she saw those little notes. She started to weep with her hands full of notes. She could not believe the support was real. Within two months, my mom gave her first performance in a New York comedy club. I have read the notes countless times with my mom. They are framed and line the walls of her new office space that she rented with the profits she made from working as a professional comedian. For many parents, their children’s careers are their greatest accomplishment, but for me my mom’s is mine. 4. What was the attitude of the author’s mother to working women? A. She was curious about their income. B. She admired what work brought them. C. She felt indifferent to working women. D. She appreciated their ambitions in finance. 5. According to the author, what makes his mother a good comedian? A. Her effort in making friends. B. Her talent to bring people joy. C. Her curiosity about working women. D. Her desire for financial independence. 6. How did his mother feel when reading the notes on her birthday? A. Amazed and hesitant. B. Sad and disappointed. C. Moved and encouraged. D. Delighted and proud. 7. What is the author’s greatest accomplishment? A. Supporting Mom’s dream. B. Achieving his own dream. C. Securing financial freedom. D. Becoming a successful comedian. C For Caribbean box jellyfish (水母), learning is literally a no-brainer. In a new experiment, these animals learned to spot and avoid obstacles (障碍物) despite having no central brain, researchers report in Current Biology. This is the first evidence that jellyfish can make mental connections between events and change their behavior accordingly. “Maybe learning doesn’t need a very complex nervous system, but rather, learning is an essential part of nerve cells,” says Jan Bielecki, a neuroethologist at Kiel University in Germany. If so, the new finding could help trace how learning evolved in animals. Bielecki and his colleagues wondered if Caribbean box jellyfish could learn that low-contrast objects, which might at first seem distant, were actually close by. The team put 12 jellyfish into a round tank surrounded by low-contrast, gray and white stripes. A camera filmed the animals’ behavior for about seven minutes. At first, the jellyfish seemed to interpret the gray stripes as distant roots and swam into the tank wall. But those collisions (碰撞) seemed to lead the jellyfish to treat the gray stripes more like close roots in dirty water, and the animals started avoiding them. The jellies’ average distance from the tank wall increased from about 2.5 centimeters in the first couple of minutes to about 3.6 centimeters in the final couple of minutes. Their average collisions into the wall dropped from 1.8 per minute to 0.78 per minute. “I found that really amazing,” says Nagayasu Nakanishi, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, who has studied jellyfish nervous systems but was not involved in the new work. “I never thought jellyfish could really learn.” Neurobiologist Björn Brembs views the results more cautiously, noting the small number of jellyfish tested and the variability in their performance. “I want this to be true, as it would be very cool,” says Brembs. Experiments with more jellyfish could convince him that the animals really do learn. 8. What can we know about the jellyfish in paragraph 2? A. They can avoid obstacles with a central brain. B. They can change their behaviour after evolution. C. They may have learning abilities with nerve cells. D. They may develop a very complex nervous system. 9. What change in behavior did the jellyfish show in the experiment? A. They completely ignored the gray stripes. B. They gradually started avoiding the gray stripes. C. They could avoid collisions if given enough time. D. They increased their collisions with the tank wall. 10. What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment? A. Jellyfish preferred the gray stripes over other things. B. Jellyfish were unable to learn from their environment. C. Jellyfish relied on the distant objects to change their behavior. D. Jellyfish showed a learning process and adjusted their behavior. 11. What does Brembs imply in the last paragraph? A. He believes more testing is needed to confirm the results. B. He is excited by the potential implications of the findings. C He dismisses the findings as irrelevant to jellyfish behavior. D. He is doubtful due to the consistent performance of the jellyfish. D For centuries, two of the most interesting questions about Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” were “Who?” and “When?” A discovery made at Heidelberg University in 2005 answered both. A note confirmed the account of da Vinci’s first biographer, Giorgio Vasari: that the sitter was a merchant’s wife, Lisa Gherardini. The note also helped date the masterpicce to between 1503 and 1506. A third conundrum— “Where?”— is still in dispute. But on June 3rd a French engineer, Pascal Cotte, declared that he and a collaborator had identified the landscape in the background of the painting. During a presentation, Mr Cotte contended that the artist was more plausibly depicting a part of his native Tuscany. Da Vinci represented the area not as it was, but as, in an unrealized scheme, he intended it to be. Mr Cotte, who was asked by the Louvre to create a digital image of the painting, is the inventor of the multispectral camera: a device that can detect not only the drawing below the surface of an oil painting but also intermediate layers of work. It was among these, under what appears to be a pointed rock, that he found a preparatory sketch (草图) showing that da Vinci intended it to represent a castellated tower. The landscape of the “Mona Lisa” also includes a huge overhanging precipice (悬崖). That is similar to one that da Vinci included in a sketch of a fortress contested (争夺) by Pisa and Florence in a war. The fortress with the nearby precipice—and a tower—all overlook the river Arno as it snakes from Florence to Pisa. All three also feature in drawings made by da Vinci to illustrate a plan about which, says Mr Cotte, he became “obsessive”. This involved diverting (改道) the Arno to cut off Pisa’s water supply and give Florence an outlet to the Mediterranean. In the early 1500s with the two city-states at war, the idea was under active consideration. Mr Cotte argues that a channel at the right of the “Mona Lisa” is too wide to be a road, and is instead the dried-up bed of the Amo as da Vinci imagined it once his plan had been adopted. It never was. But if Mr Cotte’s theory is right, it might just explain why Gherardini, a Florentine, wears such a contented, if inscrutable, smile. 12. What was painted in the “Mona Lisa” according to Mr Cotte? A. A part of da Vinci’s hometown as it was. B. An overhanging precipice and a fortress. C. A pointed rock and a castellated tower. D. The dried-up bed of a river. 13. Who does “he” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Pascal Cotte B. Leonardo da Vinci C. Giorgio Vasari D. Lisa Gherardini 14. Why did Mona Lisa smile based on Cotte’s theory? A. Because da Vinci’s idea was taken seriously. B Because da Vinci’s plan was adopted. C. Because Pisa’s water supply was cut off. D. Because Florence had a good chance to win the war. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. Where did Mona Lisa smile? B. When was the “Mona Lisa” painted? C. Who was the sitter of the “Mona Lisa”? D. Why did Mona Lisa put on a smile? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We love our pets. In fact, for most people they are more than me re pets and become more like family members. It is likely then that their owners, at some point, are going to want photographs of their furry friends. However, pet photography presents its own special problems. ____16____ If you’re thinking of trying pet photography, here are a few pointers to get you started. Find out about your subject’s personality and habits. Where does it nod off if the sun is out? What is its favourite toy? ____17____ It’s also worth spending a little time getting to know the animal yourself. Cats, dogs, horses, they all have personality, and you need to ensure they are comfortable being around you, and you around them. ____18____ If the pet is comfortable with you, and if it isn’t too nervous, fill the frame with the pet’s face. Get the eyes nice and sharp. Just like humans, this is a natural point of focus, although focusing on the nose or mouth of a dog or cat can also make for an interesting image in its own right. See the world from pets’ perspective. If you photograph a pet while you’re standing up, all you’re going to see is the top of their head and their backs, not what you want for a portrait. Get down to their eye level. Try pre-focusing your camera and just holding it at ground level so you can look up at the pet. ____19____. Bring a flash with the owner’s permission. While greeting or playing with a new pet, fire a couple of test flashes away from them to see their reaction. In daylight particularly, they never seem to mind the flash at all. ____20____. A. Think about getting in close to your subject. B. It’s worth a try just for a new angle on things. C. Animals can be unpredictable, lazy, aggressive and excitable. D. A good photograph focuses on the subject and not the background. E. If they do mind then stick with natural light and use a white reflector. F. The more you shoot, the greater your chances of hitting that perfect shot! G. Take time to chat with the owner and observe your subject to gain some insight. 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet. But when young, he could ____21____ read. He grew up with his three sisters in rural Western Jamaica, raised by their single mother. Life was tough, and proper schooling was out of the question due to ____22____ resources. When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t ____23____ on reading. Not only had he been kept home from school as a child, but he had not been ____24____ to books. By sixth grade, he could spell his name, but still couldn’t make out words or read with ____25____. He struggled in school with a deep sense of ____26____ and worthlessness. At age 12, a young teacher-in-training ____27____ a special reading program for ____28____ students. Ghunta was the first to join. That teacher, whose name he does not ____29____ now, became Ghunta’s unsung hero — the person who changed his life. The teacher was incredibly kind to him. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills saw marked improvement, and his sense of inadequacy began to ____30____. “She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said. “And a deeper ____31____ of my talent.” After Ghunta’s experience with the teacher, his life course ____32____. He graduated with academic ____33____ and is now the author of two children’s books, including “Rohan Bullkin and the Shadows.” Years later, Ghunta returned to his old school and asked the principal and teachers if they knew her ____34____, but none did. Carrying this memory, however, he still hopes to find and thank her for seeing his ____35____ and being a source of light and hope in his life. 21. A. merely B. barely C. totally D. simply 22. A. abundant B. public C. limited D. financial 23. A. give up B. fall behind C. miss out D. catch up 24. A. exposed B. drawn C. adapted D. devoted 25 A. reference B. hesitation C. caution D. understanding 26. A. awe B. loss C. guilt D. wonder 27. A. started B. submitted C. downloaded D. forwarded 28. A. disappointing B. struggling C. advanced D. qualified 29. A. type B. spell C. distinguish D. recall 30. A. disappear B. peak C. form D. spread 31. A. appreciation B. waste C. memory D. source 32. A. risked B. approached C. shifted D. determined 33. A. skills B. honors C. courses D. efforts 34. A. occupation. B. identity C. age D. name 35. A. drawback B. reflection C. potential D. ambition 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When BBC’s Planet Earth came out in 2006, the documentary series ____36____(praise) for its thrilling footage of wildlife from around the world. Hosted by famed naturalist David Attenborough, this project aims to showcase the beauty and ____37____(diverse) of the natural world; and, by doing so, it has urged the public ____38____(take) care of our planet. Fast forward 17 years, Planet Earth III has made it to the airwaves (电视无线电波). A few weeks ago, BBC shared a trailer (预告片) of Planet Earth III, ____39____ whales swim across the ocean and wolves walk on a ____40____(freeze) body of water. And while there are some anxiety- filled encounters, the video does point out who the real threat is. Seals are trapped by fishing nets, and primates ____41____(caution) cross a road where cars are zooming by. Critics point out while the footage is breathtaking, there’s a layer of heartbreak to it. Some of the species ____42____(have) some positive developments over the last few years. But ____43____show also presents how other creatures have had to adapt not only to climate changes, but also to the direct effects humans have had ____44____ their habitats. ____45____(echo) Attenborough’s urgent appeal from 2022, Planet Earth III presents the hardships these creatures face and also reminds the audience why they’re worth fighting for. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文（满分15分） 46. 假定你是学生李华，你校将举办一次有关农业劳动课重要性的英语演讲比赛，你将代表班级参赛，请你以“On the importance of hands-on agricultural labor course”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：1. 同学们对此课程的看法；2. 学习农业劳动课的意义。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Ladies and gentlemen, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Brad Howard, a Texas father, had enough of his son’s disruptive (扰乱性的) behavior in physics class. Despite multiple warnings and complaints from the teacher about his son’s excessive (过多的) talking, the situation didn’t improve. So, Brad decided to take matters into his own hands and gave his son, Bradley, a final warning. Brad made a bold promise to his son, saying, “Hey, if we get another call, I’m going to show up in school and sit beside you in class. ” The 17-year-old Bradley probably thought his dad was just bluffing (唬人) and continued his chatty (爱闲聊的) ways. But when Brad received another email from the teacher, he knew he had to follow through with his threat. On the morning of the important day, Brad’s wife woke him up and said, “Brad, it’s time for you to go to school. ” It struck him what he had said. He just couldn’t but a bit regret, “Oh, no, what have I done? ” Despite his unwillingness, Brad was determined to keep his word and headed to his son’s high school. The sight of Brad sitting next to Bradley in class was a source of amusement for Bradley’s friends, who found the situation ridiculous. Bradley, on the other hand, was less than thrilled. He couldn’t believe that his dad had actually gone through with his threat, The embarrassment of having his own father sitting beside him in class was enough to make him regret his behavior. As the class started, Bradley could feel all eyes on him and his dad. He could sense the judgment and the whispers from his classmates. “Hey, Bradley, it looks like your dad is really serious about this, ” one of his friends whispered across the hallway, trying to hold back a laugh. “Yeah, this is so embarrassing, ” Bradley whispered, his cheeks turning a deep shade of red. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But as the class progressed, something unexpected happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After school, Bradley hesitantly approached his dad with newfound appreciation. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $