精品解析：河南省焦作市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2024-2025学年高三9月质量检测考试 英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Buy a book. B. Fly to Canada. C. Go to the library. 2. What is troubling the man? A. Missing a course. B. Failing to finish the task. C. Choosing interesting books. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Join her for dinner. B. Change the restaurant. C. Skip Tony's birthday party. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The season. B. The clothing. C. The outdoor activity. 5. When will the speakers probably have a discussion? A. At 3: 30 pm. B. At 4: 00 pm. C. At 4: 30 pm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man good at? A. Finding a good position. B. Arranging activities. C. Showing his confidence. 7. What does the man decide to do? A. Have a try. B. Think twice first. C. Visit the woman later. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8 What are the speakers doing? A. Enjoying a play. B. Cleaning the curtain. C. Watching w concert. 9. What does the woman think of David's performance? A. Rather amusing. B. A bit strange. C. Extremely catching. 10. What does the man thank the woman for? A. Sending him a hat. B. Finding him the back bag. C. Helping him with the chain. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the woman plan to go? A. Paris. B. Birmingham. C. London. 12. Why does the woman make the call? A. To know about round-trip tickets. B. To book the “Super Cheap” seats. C. To inquire about the possible cheap flight. 13. How will the woman probably go to her destination? A. By air. B. By train. C. By water. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Co-workers. 15. Why are landfills unpopular according to the man? A. They are smelly. B. They are bad for the land. C. They occupy people's residences. 16. What did people do to recycle in the past? A. They returned bottles. B. They reused deserted glass. C. They went to convenience stores. 17. Why should everybody try to recycle according to the man? A. Waste will hurt us all. B. Pollution contributes to disasters. C. Combined efforts make a difference. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why do we know little about Shakespeare? A. He has few works left. B. His works have been adapted. C. We can't find more accounts of him. 19. What are scholars trying to find about Shakespeare? A. His life experiences. B. His close relatives. C. His rare works. 20. What do we know about Shakespeare's education? A. He had no formal education. B. He learned from a rich man. C. He went to grammar school. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the Best Riverside Stays in Europe Water World, the Netherlands Anna Biesbosch is a small log house in De Biesbosch national park, a wetland near Dordrecht. There’s a wood-burning stove (炉子) for heating, cooking and hot water, and electricity from solar panels on the roofs. Swimming is prohibited in front of the house because of the beavers (海狸) there, but there is a swimming spot a short walk away. From €999 a night for two adults and a child. An Island on an Island, Germany Gut Uselitz, a 16th-century house on Rügen Island, now houses seven modern holiday apartments. The apartments, which sleep two to six, can be rented separately, or the whole house can be hired. The nearest beach is Streler Sund, a 10-minute drive away, and guests can go boating and sailing nearby. From €140 a night, sleeps two. Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal This Portuguese farmhouse is in hills close to the Funcho River, with five double bedrooms and a family bathroom. There is a big pool and birding areas. The property is on the Via Algarviana walking path, and you can go surfing. It is a five-minute taxi ride from the train station. From €190 a night, sleeps 10. Private Rive Pier, Croatia The Old Oak House is a restored farmhouse on the banks of the Korana River. The three-storey house has three bedrooms a natural spring, and woodland in the grounds, where guests can best enjoy parties with several friends. Mountains and the towns are a short drive away. From €1,050 a week, sleeps six. 1. What might be a disadvantage of Anna Biesbosch? A. No access to electricity. B. High price. C. No swimming spot nearby. D. Food shortage. 2. What is special about Gut Uselitz? A. It has a long history. B. It can accommodate over 100 guests. C. It offers water sports competitions. D. It’s within reach of the train station. 3. Which house best suits visitors keen on bird watching? A. Anna Biesbosch. B. Gut Uselitz. C. The Old Oak House. D. The Portuguese farmhouse. B “The water will turn to steam, which will power cars.” “Yeah, that’s a really cool idea.” This conversation is part of a lesson about technologies that reduce planet-heating pollution. It was lectured by Kirstin Milks, a science teacher at Bloomington High School. Climate change is the story of today’s young people’s lives. But Milks says, “Our students need to know not just the stuff we hear about in the news, but also the actual difference we can make in our shared future.” Creativity is at the core of her lesson. After students learn the basics of climate engineering, they’re asked to come up with interesting wild ideas to slow global warming. In the first round of brainstorming, students imagine lots of ways to reflect light back into the atmosphere, like covering the desert in shiny glitter (闪光), Next, students are asked to consider the potential limitations and risks to their ideas. Take glitter in the desert for example: “How are we going to make sure that the glitter doesn’t get eaten by the rock pocket mouse... or snakes?” Milks asks. The students suggest making the glitter large and smooth enough so it won’t be eaten by animals or otherwise harm them. For their final assignment, students present their concepts, including their expected benefits and risks. Ben Kravitz, an assistant professor of earth and atmosphere science at Indiana University, who has carefully watched the whole lesson, says, “The neat thing about seeing all of these ideas come out of the classroom is it’s not ‘I can’t do it’. It’s ‘we can do it’. Humans, when they get together, can do amazing things. And that’s what gives me hope.” 4. What might be a purpose of Kirstin Milks’ lessons about climate change? A. To find innovative ways to power cars. B. To encourage students to read news critically. C. To make science basics more accessible to students. D. To inspire students to play their part for the society. 5. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Procedures of the lesson. B. The core value of creativity. C. Potentials of different students. D. The key concept of solutions. 6. Which can best describe Kirstin Milks’ way of teaching? A. It prioritizes practical application. B. It focuses on theoretical knowledge. C. It encourages creative problem-solving. D. It highlights the risks of climate change. 7. Why does the author mention Ben Kravitz in the last paragraph? A. To prove Milks’ point. B. To praise Milks’ virtue. C. To support Milks’ practice. D. To express Milks’ hope. C It was 25 years ago, but I clearly remember the meeting when I drew a simple drawing of the vagus nerve (迷走神经) , showing the signals it carried from the brain to the body to turn off inflammation (炎症) . So it is with attraction and some confusion that I observed this decades-old discovery become a new social media trend. Lots of influencers suggest you can stimulate your vagus nerve by pressing your neck, singing or jumping in cold water. On TikTok alone, the vagus nerve has gathered more than 185 million views. But a very real distinction should be made between what influencers call vagus nerve “stimulation” and the vagus nerve-stimulating devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat certain illnesses. There are two vagus nerves on each side of your neck, made up of over 100, 000 fibres. Research from my lab and others shows that small, pacemaker-like (像心脏起搏器的) devices can turn on the inflammatory reflex (反射) to control the release of inflammatory proteins. But before accepting free social media advice on this topic, I recommend checking the evidence. Scientusts are just starting to map and understand what the 100, 000 vagus nerve fibres do. So, when you are advised to stimulate your vagus nerve by taking an ice bath, you should ask: “Which of my vagus nerves?” The answer is that no one knows. In the lab, we can use specific, complicated techniques to stimulate selected vagus nerve fibres. We can force a communication flow from the brain to slow down the heart. But putting yourself in an ice bath isn’t selective. It activates lots of vagus nerve fibres, and it also activates other nerves that control your fight or flight responses. So, sing a tune or even jump in a cold shower if your doctor say “yes”, but as you cool down and think about the decades of scientific work that started you on the journey to stimulate this powerful nerve, just recall that there is still more work—much more, in fact—to be done. 8. What does the author’s simple drawing show? A. The popularity of social media. B. The way to stimulate inflammation. C. The function of the vagus nerve. D. The route from the brain to the body. 9. What do we know about the vagus nerve-stimulating device? A. It is a small pacemaker. B. It activates inflammatory reflexes. C. It controls fight or flight responses. D. It is the same as vagus nerve stimulation. 10. How can we excite the vagus nerve in the author’s opinion? A. By applying special techniques. B. By taking an ice bath. C. By slowing down the heart rate. D. By selecting the vagus nerve fibre. 11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Ice showers are medically approved methods. B. Social media is the main source of healthcare. C. The vagus nerve hasn’t been fully understood yet. D. Health advice should be regulated through social media. D “Why birds sing is relatively well-understood,” says Ins Adam, a behavioral scientist at the University of Southern Denmark. The big question for her was: Why do birds sing so frequently? Previous research suggests that constant singing uses a lot of energy and exposes birds to others, making them vulnerable by revealing their location and territory, which is highly dangerous. However, in a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for this risky behavior. They suggest that songbirds may need to exercise their vocal (发声的) muscles to maintain top performance in their songs. These findings may also be relevant to human voices. Adam points out that if we apply these bird results to humans, any period of not speaking might lead to a loss in vocal performance. This insight suggests that songbirds could one day help us improve how we train and restore our own voices. Adam assumed the muscles that produce birdsong required daily exercise, so she designed an experiment on zebra finches — small Australian songbirds. Light is what attracts the birds to sing, so she prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark almost around the clock. The only exceptions were a few half-hour periods each day when the lights were turned on so the birds could eat and drink. After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half their strength. Adam then tested whether this muscle loss affected the quality of the birds’ songs. Although she couldn’t hear any difference when comparing a male’s song before and after the period of darkness, a group of female birds showed a clear preference: six out of nine preferred the song from a male who had been exercising his singing muscles daily. “This study highlights that achieving mastery in any skill requires a lot of practice,” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires who was not involved in the research. 12. Which of the following best explains “vulnerable” underlined in paragraph 2? A. Rarely found. B. Easily targeted. C. Directly poisoned. D. Actively defended. 13. Why are human voices mentioned in the text? A. To illustrate Adam’s idea by comparison. B To assess Adam’s previous work accurately. C. To show the significance of studying birdsong. D. To stress the distinction between human voices and birdsong. 14. What is the basis for Adam’s experiment? A. Birds need little practice for better singing. B. Light is a contributory factor in birds’ singing. C. Weakening muscles result in less attractive songs. D. Male birds produce songs to attract female birds. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Singing Invites Trouble to Birds B. Songbirds Help Restore Human Voices C. Vocal Muscles: the Secret of Birds’ Singing D. Daily Singing: Essential for Birds’ Vocal Muscle Fitness 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Summer often encourages people to spend time in a pool, lake, or ocean. Water can be both refreshing and relaxing—and it’s also a great setting for doing a heart-healthy workout, whether that’s swimming laps or doing water aerobics (有氧运动) . ___16___ Swimming is a full-body exercise that uses nearly every muscle in your body to force you forward. And because you’re horizontal (水平的) in the water, blood doesn’t pool in your lower body like it does when you’re exercising upright. ___17___ Your heart becomes more efficient, which means your heart rate is a little lower during swimming compared with other types of exercise. Still, swimming requires a certain amount of skill. If it doesn’t come naturally to you, water aerobics can be a good alternative. ___18___ The simplest version is pool walking or jogging done in water that’s at least waist-deep. Added resistance translates to extra calorie burn compared with land-based exercise. For example, a 150-pound person burns about 250 calories jogging for 30 minutes on land. ___19___ You can also do other moves like jumping jacks (开合跳) for a do-it-yourself water workout. ___20___ Water treatment features one-on-one exercises with a doctor for a number of sessions. Doing gentle exercise while staying in water takes stress off your joints and the water’s warm temperature has a positive effect. A. Water can be an ideal setting for people with injuries. B. But jogging in water for 30 minutes burns about 350 calories. C. In fact, water-based exercise offers several unique advantages. D. Doing water aerobics also targets the heart and muscles together. E. The conditions doctors treat include balance problems and body pains. F. That increases blood flow toward the centre of your body and your heart. G. Moving your body through water provides far more resistance than through air. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Callie Clemens was close to falling asleep at around 11 p. m. Just then a (n) ___21___ message on the Weibo page she runs — Lost & Found Pets — caught her eye. A puppy had been spotted crossing a road quickly in her neighbourhood. Weak ___22___ had been heard from inside a nearby drain (下水道) , so there was likely another puppy— maybe more than one — ___23___ down there. Clemens sprang out of bed and ___24___ to the scene. Once there, she heard ___25___ cries echoing (回响) through the drain. She grabbed her son’s ___26___ from her car and then walked down. She wasn’t well ___27___, and was not expecting to go into the drain. But nobody else was around and puppies were stuck in. Somebody had to do it! It was 700 meters of total ___28___. She lowered herself with the only light from her flashlight and searched for any ___29___ sound. Around midnight, staffers from the local SPCA, an animal protection organisation, arrived and ____30____ Clemens in the drain. They searched end to end, side to side. ____31____, at about 3 am, they found a tiny black puppy. While Clemens was still underground, one staff spotted another dog standing outside at one exit of the drain. “We were very excited,” says Clemens, adding that the puppies weighed about five pounds and four pounds ____32____. They were named Timmy and Tony and ____33____ by the SPCA. Clemens’s ____34____ doesn’t surprise people in her neighbourhood. “Once she becomes focused on a ____35____ situation, she is unstoppable.” 21. A. emergency B. warning C. security D. advertisement 22. A. whispers B. cries C. noises D. clicks 23. A. attached B. thrown C. stuck D. abused 24. A. walked B. ran C. flew D. drove 25. A. frequent B. sharp C. desperate D. joyful 26. A. gun B. flashlight C. ball D. machine 27. A. informed B. motivated C. directed D. equipped 28. A. danger B. water C. darkness D. quietness 29. A. frightening B. possible C. surprising D. deep 30. A. joined B. arrested C. left D. awarded 31. A. At last B. In addition C. In that case D. As a matter of fact 32. A. totally B. respectively C. obviously D. suitably 33. A. made up B. put away C. found out D. taken in 34. A. determination B. optimism C. strategy D. gentleness 35. A. adoption B. trial C. rescue D. violence 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The village homes sit partially hazy (朦胧的) , with their white walls and black roofs ___36___ (stand) out among the greens of the trees. The hazy ___37___ (reflect) of the sunlight off the leaf creates a clear texture (纹理) reminding people ___38___ the Impressionists' approach to light and shadow, yet the stillness of the colours and the lines is altogether Eastern in its charm. The painting, Autumn Haze, is the work of Lin Fengmian, one of the ___39___ (master) of 20th century art. Featured alongside other works by Lin and his student Wu Guanzhong as part of a recent special exhibition at the China Art Museum in Shanghai, it seemed to pose a question: Is it possible to redefine what makes a painting, especially a landscape painting. “Chinese” ? Lin, ___40___ was born in 1900, thought the answer ___41___ (lie) neither in looking back at traditional landscape paintings nor in the complete acceptance of Western art, ___42___ rather in the integration (融合) of East and West. Lin believed that Chinese art should combine the forms of expression in the West and the ___43___ (emotion) needs of Eastern art. Lin also argued that basic art training should take nature as its subject and apply scientific methods to reproduce objects ___44___ (correct) as the basis for creation. To that end, he asked his students to be among nature and draw there. Such practice was meant not to force them to make naturalistic art but to allow artists unrestricted creativity as they tried ____45____ (grasp) the essence (本质) of things. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你加入了一个名为“Volunteer Community”的国际志愿者组织，上周日你和组员完成了一次志愿活动，你受邀为此次活动写一篇报道。内容包括： 1. 前往的地方； 2. 完成的活动； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everything changed for me when I entered high school. Among 790 freshmen, I never saw a single person I knew from middle school. At home I was just as lonely. My elder brother was a senior and was making decisions about his future in college. My little brother didn’t want anything to do with me. My older sister was outgoing and never without her friends. “They all fit in.” I thought. The comfort came—my mom was there waiting for my coming back. I was about to run towards her, hug her and get the bad feelings off my chest when I heard, “Carole, your bedroom’s a disaster. Why can’t you keep it clean? ” Another strike! The last thing I needed was criticism from my mother. I just wanted a few warm words from her. “Mom I… ” I tried to explain my suffering but was interrupted by a telephone ring. “One minute, Carole.” Mom walked away and answered the phone. It seemed that she was negotiating something with her editor. I saw her sitting down by her desk, nodding her head now and then, and carefully taking notes. I knew she was a great writer and mother, strict with herself and affectionate towards us. I also knew she was busy all these days, but still, I couldn’t help feeling disappointed and upset. I went back to my room and pulled out my maths exercise. I started working out the first problem. Almost immediately, I saw I’d made a mistake. “Wrong again!” I thought. I tore the paper out of my notebook, balled it up in my fist and threw it at the wastepaper basket. The paper ball landed on the floor. By the time I finished my homework, the floor had been littered with paper balls. Out of something unknown, it gave me a kind of satisfaction to see the mess I’d made. I kicked the paper balls under the bed and left the room without tidying it up. The next day, I came home to an empty house. I dragged myself to my bedroom as usual. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I opened the door, I was astonished to see a fairly tidy room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I read the note again and again, and felt a weight lifted from me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高三9月质量检测考试 英语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Buy a book. B. Fly to Canada. C. Go to the library. 2. What is troubling the man? A. Missing a course. B. Failing to finish the task. C. Choosing interesting books. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Join her for dinner. B. Change the restaurant. C. Skip Tony's birthday party. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The season. B. The clothing. C. The outdoor activity. 5. When will the speakers probably have a discussion? A. At 3: 30 pm. B. At 4: 00 pm. C. At 4: 30 pm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man good at? A. Finding a good position. B. Arranging activities. C. Showing his confidence. 7. What does the man decide to do? A. Have a try. B. Think twice first. C. Visit the woman later. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers doing? A. Enjoying a play. B. Cleaning the curtain. C. Watching w concert. 9. What does the woman think of David's performance? A. Rather amusing. B. A bit strange. C. Extremely catching. 10 What does the man thank the woman for? A. Sending him a hat. B. Finding him the back bag. C. Helping him with the chain. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the woman plan to go? A. Paris. B. Birmingham. C. London. 12. Why does the woman make the call? A. To know about round-trip tickets. B. To book the “Super Cheap” seats. C. To inquire about the possible cheap flight. 13. How will the woman probably go to her destination? A. By air. B. By train. C. By water. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Co-workers. 15. Why are landfills unpopular according to the man? A. They are smelly. B. They are bad for the land. C. They occupy people's residences. 16. What did people do to recycle in the past? A. They returned bottles. B. They reused deserted glass. C. They went to convenience stores. 17. Why should everybody try to recycle according to the man? A. Waste will hurt us all. B. Pollution contributes to disasters. C. Combined efforts make a difference. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why do we know little about Shakespeare? A. He has few works left. B. His works have been adapted. C. We can't find more accounts of him. 19. What are scholars trying to find about Shakespeare? A. His life experiences. B. His close relatives. C. His rare works. 20. What do we know about Shakespeare's education? A. He had no formal education. B. He learned from a rich man. C. He went to grammar school. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the Best Riverside Stays in Europe Water World, the Netherlands Anna Biesbosch is a small log house in De Biesbosch national park, a wetland near Dordrecht. There’s a wood-burning stove (炉子) for heating, cooking and hot water, and electricity from solar panels on the roofs. Swimming is prohibited in front of the house because of the beavers (海狸) there, but there is a swimming spot a short walk away. From €999 a night for two adults and a child. An Island on an Island, Germany Gut Uselitz, a 16th-century house on Rügen Island, now houses seven modern holiday apartments. The apartments, which sleep two to six, can be rented separately, or the whole house can be hired. The nearest beach is Streler Sund, a 10-minute drive away, and guests can go boating and sailing nearby. From €140 a night, sleeps two. Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal This Portuguese farmhouse is in hills close to the Funcho River, with five double bedrooms and a family bathroom. There is a big pool and birding areas. The property is on the Via Algarviana walking path, and you can go surfing. It is a five-minute taxi ride from the train station. From €190 a night, sleeps 10. Private Rive Pier, Croatia The Old Oak House is a restored farmhouse on the banks of the Korana River. The three-storey house has three bedrooms, a natural spring, and woodland in the grounds, where guests can best enjoy parties with several friends. Mountains and the towns are a short drive away. From €1,050 a week, sleeps six. 1. What might be a disadvantage of Anna Biesbosch? A. No access to electricity. B. High price. C. No swimming spot nearby. D. Food shortage. 2. What is special about Gut Uselitz? A. It has a long history. B. It can accommodate over 100 guests. C. It offers water sports competitions. D. It’s within reach of the train station. 3. Which house best suits visitors keen on bird watching? A. Anna Biesbosch. B. Gut Uselitz. C. The Old Oak House. D. The Portuguese farmhouse. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了欧洲四个最佳的滨河住处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Water World, the Netherlands”下面的“Anna Biesbosch is a small log house in De Biesbosch national park, a wetland near Dordrecht.(Anna Biesbosch是多德雷赫特附近湿地De Biesbosh国家公园的一座小木屋。)”“From €999 a night for two adults and a child.(两名成人和一名儿童每晚999欧元起。)”、“An Island on an Island, Germany”下面的“From €140 a night, sleeps two.(每晚140欧元起，可供两人住宿。)”、“Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal”下面的“From €190 a night, sleeps 10.(每晚190欧元起，可供10人住宿。)”、“Private Rive Pier, Croatia”下面的“From €1,050 a week, sleeps six.(每周1050欧元起，睡六个人。)”可知，相比而言，Anna Biesbosch的住宿价格太高。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“An Island on an Island, Germany”下面的“Gut Uselitz, a 16th-century house on Rügen Island, now houses seven modern holiday apartments.(Gut Uselitz是吕根岛上一座16世纪的房子，现在有七套现代化的度假公寓。)”可知，Gut Uselitz是一座建于16世纪的房子，有着悠久的历史。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal”下面的“This Portuguese farmhouse is in hills close to the Funcho River, with five double bedrooms and a family bathroom. There is a big pool and birding areas.(这座葡萄牙农舍坐落在靠近Funcho河的山丘上，有五间双人卧室和一间家庭浴室。有一个大游泳池和观鸟区。)”可知，这座葡萄牙农舍适合游客观鸟。故选D。 B “The water will turn to steam, which will power cars.” “Yeah, that’s a really cool idea.” This conversation is part of a lesson about technologies that reduce planet-heating pollution. It was lectured by Kirstin Milks, a science teacher at Bloomington High School. Climate change is the story of today’s young people’s lives. But Milks says, “Our students need to know not just the stuff we hear about in the news, but also the actual difference we can make in our shared future.” Creativity is at the core of her lesson. After students learn the basics of climate engineering, they’re asked to come up with interesting wild ideas to slow global warming. In the first round of brainstorming, students imagine lots of ways to reflect light back into the atmosphere, like covering the desert in shiny glitter (闪光), Next, students are asked to consider the potential limitations and risks to their ideas. Take glitter in the desert for example: “How are we going to make sure that the glitter doesn’t get eaten by the rock pocket mouse... or snakes?” Milks asks. The students suggest making the glitter large and smooth enough so it won’t be eaten by animals or otherwise harm them. For their final assignment, students present their concepts, including their expected benefits and risks. Ben Kravitz, an assistant professor of earth and atmosphere science at Indiana University, who has carefully watched the whole lesson, says, “The neat thing about seeing all of these ideas come out of the classroom is it’s not ‘I can’t do it’. It’s ‘we can do it’. Humans, when they get together, can do amazing things. And that’s what gives me hope.” 4. What might be a purpose of Kirstin Milks’ lessons about climate change? A. To find innovative ways to power cars. B. To encourage students to read news critically. C. To make science basics more accessible to students. D. To inspire students to play their part for the society. 5. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Procedures of the lesson. B. The core value of creativity. C Potentials of different students. D. The key concept of solutions. 6. Which can best describe Kirstin Milks’ way of teaching? A. It prioritizes practical application. B. It focuses on theoretical knowledge. C. It encourages creative problem-solving. D. It highlights the risks of climate change. 7. Why does the author mention Ben Kravitz in the last paragraph? A. To prove Milks’ point. B. To praise Milks’ virtue. C. To support Milks’ practice. D. To express Milks’ hope. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位高中科学老师设计的一节课，这节课让学生们有创造性地自己想各种解决气候变暖的办法，这样的课程不仅让学生受益匪浅，也受到了大学教授的高度评价。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。 根据第四段“Climate change is the story of today’s young people’s lives. But Milks says, “Our students need to know not just the stuff we hear about in the news, but also the actual difference we can make in our shared future.”(气候变化是当今年轻人生活的故事。但Milks说：“我们的学生不仅需要知道我们在新闻中听到的东西，还需要知道我们能为我们共同的未来所做的实际改变。”)”可推断出，Milks 期望学生不仅仅了解气候变化的现状，而且真正为改变现状做出自己应有的贡献。故选D。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段首句“Creativity is at the core of her lesson.(创造力是她课程的核心。)”及后文可知，本段介绍了学生在这个课堂的整个学习过程。首先是学生学习气候工程的相关基础知识，然后由学生头脑风暴各种缓解全球变暖问题的方法。第一轮中学生提出观点，然后老师提出这些观点具有哪些局限性和危险，学生再完善观点，最后学生们整理他们的观点。因此，第五段主要介绍了 Milks老师上课的步骤。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Creativity is at the core of her lesson. After students learn the basics of climate engineering, they’re asked to come up with interesting wild ideas to slow global warming. (创造力是她课程的核心。在学生们学习了气候工程的基础知识之后，他们被要求提出一些有趣的疯狂的想法来减缓全球变暖。)”及后文可知，Milks课堂的核心是创造性，学生们首先被要求提出自己的想法，并想出解决问题的办法，然后学生们需要考虑想法背后的局限性和危险，最后学生们需要展示他们的概念，包括自己预设的好的方面和不好的方面。因此可以推断出 Milks在教学中是注重创造性解决问题的。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ben Kravitz, an assistant professor of earth and atmosphere science at Indiana University, who has carefully watched the whole lesson, says, ‘The neat thing about seeing all of these ideas come out of the classroom is it’s not ‘I can’t do it’. It’s ‘we can do it’. Humans, when they get together, can do amazing things. And that’s what gives me hope.’”（印第安纳大学地球和大气科学助理教授Ben Kravitz仔细观察了整个课程后说：“看到所有这些想法从课堂上出来的有趣之处在于，这不是‘我不能做’，而是‘我们可以做’。人类在一起时可以做出惊人的事情。这就是给我希望的原因。”）可推知，作者提到Ben Kravitz是为了支持Milks的做法。故选C。 C It was 25 years ago, but I clearly remember the meeting when I drew a simple drawing of the vagus nerve (迷走神经) , showing the signals it carried from the brain to the body to turn off inflammation (炎症) . So it is with attraction and some confusion that I observed this decades-old discovery become a new social media trend. Lots of influencers suggest you can stimulate your vagus nerve by pressing your neck, singing or jumping in cold water. On TikTok alone, the vagus nerve has gathered more than 185 million views. But a very real distinction should be made between what influencers call vagus nerve “stimulation” and the vagus nerve-stimulating devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat certain illnesses. There are two vagus nerves on each side of your neck, made up of over 100, 000 fibres. Research from my lab and others shows that small, pacemaker-like (像心脏起搏器的) devices can turn on the inflammatory reflex (反射) to control the release of inflammatory proteins. But before accepting free social media advice on this topic, I recommend checking the evidence. Scientusts are just starting to map and understand what the 100, 000 vagus nerve fibres do. So, when you are advised to stimulate your vagus nerve by taking an ice bath, you should ask: “Which of my vagus nerves?” The answer is that no one knows. In the lab, we can use specific, complicated techniques to stimulate selected vagus nerve fibres. We can force a communication flow from the brain to slow down the heart. But putting yourself in an ice bath isn’t selective. It activates lots of vagus nerve fibres, and it also activates other nerves that control your fight or flight responses. So, sing a tune or even jump in a cold shower if your doctor say “yes”, but as you cool down and think about the decades of scientific work that started you on the journey to stimulate this powerful nerve, just recall that there is still more work—much more, in fact—to be done. 8. What does the author’s simple drawing show? A. The popularity of social media. B. The way to stimulate inflammation. C. The function of the vagus nerve. D. The route from the brain to the body. 9. What do we know about the vagus nerve-stimulating device? A. It is a small pacemaker. B. It activates inflammatory reflexes. C. It controls fight or flight responses. D. It is the same as vagus nerve stimulation. 10. How can we excite the vagus nerve in the author’s opinion? A. By applying special techniques. B. By taking an ice bath. C. By slowing down the heart rate. D. By selecting the vagus nerve fibre. 11. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Ice showers are medically approved methods. B. Social media is the main source of healthcare. C. The vagus nerve hasn’t been fully understood yet. D. Health advice should be regulated through social media. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了迷走神经的功能以及刺激迷走神经的方法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was 25 years ago, but I clearly remember the meeting when I drew a simple drawing of the vagus nerve (迷走神经) , showing the signals it carried from the brain to the body to turn off inflammation (炎症). (那是25年前的事了，但我清楚地记得那次会议，当时我画了一张迷走神经的简单图，展示了它从大脑带到身体以关闭炎症的信号。)”可知，作者的简单绘图展示了迷走神经的功能。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Research from my lab and others shows that small, pacemaker-like (像心脏起搏器的) devices can turn on the inflammatory reflex (反射) to control the release of inflammatory proteins. (我实验室和其他人的研究表明，小型的、类似心脏起搏器的装置可以打开炎症反射来控制炎症蛋白的释放。)”可知，迷走神经刺激装置可以激活炎症反射，故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the lab, we can use specific, complicated techniques to stimulate selected vagus nerve fibres. (在实验室中，我们可以使用特定、复杂的技术来刺激选定的迷走神经纤维。)”可知，在作者看来可以使用特定的、复杂的技术来刺激选定的迷走神经纤维，故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Scientusts are just starting to map and understand what the 100, 000 vagus nerve fibres do. (科学家们刚刚开始绘制和了解100，000 根迷走神经纤维的作用。)”以及最后一段“So, sing a tune or even jump in a cold shower if your doctor say ‘yes’, but as you cool down and think about the decades of scientific work that started you on the journey to stimulate this powerful nerve, just recall that there is still more work—much more, in fact—to be done. (所以，如果你的医生说‘可以’，那就唱首歌，甚至冲个冷水澡，但当你冷静下来，想到几十年来的科学工作让你踏上了刺激这条强大神经的旅程时，只需记住，还有更多的工作要做——事实上，还有很多很多工作要做。)”可知，科学家们刚刚开始了解迷走神经纤维的作用，还有很多工作要做，这意味着迷走神经还没有被完全理解，故选C项。 D “Why birds sing is relatively well-understood,” says Ins Adam, a behavioral scientist at the University of Southern Denmark. The big question for her was: Why do birds sing so frequently? Previous research suggests that constant singing uses a lot of energy and exposes birds to others, making them vulnerable by revealing their location and territory, which is highly dangerous. However, in a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for this risky behavior. They suggest that songbirds may need to exercise their vocal (发声的) muscles to maintain top performance in their songs. These findings may also be relevant to human voices. Adam points out that if we apply these bird results to humans, any period of not speaking might lead to a loss in vocal performance. This insight suggests that songbirds could one day help us improve how we train and restore our own voices. Adam assumed the muscles that produce birdsong required daily exercise, so she designed an experiment on zebra finches — small Australian songbirds. Light is what attracts the birds to sing, so she prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark almost around the clock. The only exceptions were a few half-hour periods each day when the lights were turned on so the birds could eat and drink. After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lost half their strength. Adam then tested whether this muscle loss affected the quality of the birds’ songs. Although she couldn’t hear any difference when comparing a male’s song before and after the period of darkness, a group of female birds showed a clear preference: six out of nine preferred the song from a male who had been exercising his singing muscles daily. “This study highlights that achieving mastery in any skill requires a lot of practice,” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires who was not involved in the research. 12. Which of the following best explains “vulnerable” underlined in paragraph 2? A. Rarely found. B. Easily targeted. C. Directly poisoned. D. Actively defended. 13. Why are human voices mentioned in the text? A. To illustrate Adam’s idea by comparison. B. To assess Adam’s previous work accurately. C. To show the significance of studying birdsong. D. To stress the distinction between human voices and birdsong. 14. What is the basis for Adam’s experiment? A. Birds need little practice for better singing. B. Light is a contributory factor in birds’ singing. C. Weakening muscles result in less attractive songs. D. Male birds produce songs to attract female birds. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Singing Invites Trouble to Birds B. Songbirds Help Restore Human Voices C. Vocal Muscles: the Secret of Birds’ Singing D. Daily Singing: Essential for Birds’ Vocal Muscle Fitness 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对鸟类为何频繁歌唱的新解释，即通过锻炼发声肌肉来保持歌唱的最佳表现。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“Previous research suggests that constant singing uses a lot of energy and exposes birds to others(先前的研究表明，不断的歌唱会消耗大量的能量，并将鸟类暴露在其他动物面前)”可知，鸟类不断的歌唱会将鸟类暴露在其他动物面前，这让鸟类成为容易攻击的目标，所以推知vulnerable意为“容易成为目标的”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“These findings may also be relevant to human voices. Adam points out that if we apply these bird results to humans, any period of not speaking might lead to a loss in vocal performance. This insight suggests that songbirds could one day help us improve how we train and restore our own voices.(这些发现也可能与人类的声音有关。亚当指出，如果我们将这些鸟类的结果应用于人类，任何不说话的时期都可能导致发声能力的下降。这一见解表明，有一天鸣鸟会帮助我们改进自己的声音训练和恢复方法)”可知，如果将鸟类的研究结果应用于人类，任何不说话的时期都可能导致发声性能的丧失。这说明研究鸟鸣对人类有重要意义，因此人类声音在文本中被提及是为了展示研究鸟鸣的重要性。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Adam assumed the muscles that produce birdsong required daily exercise, so she designed an experiment on zebra finches — small Australian songbirds. Light is what attracts the birds to sing, so she prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark almost around the clock. The only exceptions were a few half-hour periods each day when the lights were turned on so the birds could eat and drink.(亚当假设产生鸟鸣的肌肉需要日常锻炼，于是她对斑胸草雀——一种小型澳大利亚鸣鸟——进行了一项实验。光吸引鸟类歌唱，所以她几乎全天候地让它们处于黑暗中，以防止它们歌唱，持续了一周。唯一的例外是每天有几个半小时的时间会开灯，这样鸟儿可以吃喝)”可知，Adam设计的实验是基于光照是吸引鸟类唱歌的因素，因此她几乎全天候地把鸟放在黑暗中，以防止它们唱歌。因此，Adam的实验基础是光照是鸟类唱歌的一个促成因素。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段““Why birds sing is relatively well-understood,” says Ins Adam, a behavioral scientist at the University of Southern Denmark. The big question for her was: Why do birds sing so frequently?(“为什么鸟类会唱歌这一点人们已经相对了解了，”南丹麦大学的行为科学家英斯·亚当（Ins Adam）说。对她来说，最大的问题是：为什么鸟儿如此频繁地歌唱？)”以及最后一段““This study highlights that achieving mastery in any skill requires a lot of practice,” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires who was not involved in the research.(“这项研究强调了，要想在任何技能上达到精通，都需要大量的练习，”布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的科学家安娜·阿玛多尔（Ana Amador）说，她没有参与这项研究)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了鸟类每天歌唱对其发声肌肉健康的重要性，所以D项“Daily Singing: Essential for Birds’ Vocal Muscle Fitness(每日歌唱：鸟类声带肌肉健康的必要条件)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Summer often encourages people to spend time in a pool, lake, or ocean. Water can be both refreshing and relaxing—and it’s also a great setting for doing a heart-healthy workout, whether that’s swimming laps or doing water aerobics (有氧运动) . ___16___ Swimming is a full-body exercise that uses nearly every muscle in your body to force you forward. And because you’re horizontal (水平的) in the water, blood doesn’t pool in your lower body like it does when you’re exercising upright. ___17___ Your heart becomes more efficient, which means your heart rate is a little lower during swimming compared with other types of exercise. Still, swimming requires a certain amount of skill. If it doesn’t come naturally to you, water aerobics can be a good alternative. ___18___ The simplest version is pool walking or jogging done in water that’s at least waist-deep. Added resistance translates to extra calorie burn compared with land-based exercise. For example, a 150-pound person burns about 250 calories jogging for 30 minutes on land. ___19___ You can also do other moves like jumping jacks (开合跳) for a do-it-yourself water workout. ___20___ Water treatment features one-on-one exercises with a doctor for a number of sessions. Doing gentle exercise while staying in water takes stress off your joints, and the water’s warm temperature has a positive effect. A. Water can be an ideal setting for people with injuries. B. But jogging in water for 30 minutes burns about 350 calories. C. In fact, water-based exercise offers several unique advantages. D. Doing water aerobics also targets the heart and muscles together. E. The conditions doctors treat include balance problems and body pains. F That increases blood flow toward the centre of your body and your heart. G. Moving your body through water provides far more resistance than through air. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了水上运动一些独特好处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Water can be both refreshing and relaxing—and it’s also a great setting for doing a heart-healthy workout, whether that’s swimming laps or doing water aerobics (有氧运动) .(水既能提神又能放松——它也是进行有益心脏健康的锻炼的好地方，无论是游泳圈还是水中有氧运动。)”和下文分段介绍了水上运动的好处可知，空处应承上启下，讲述水上运动有一些好处，C项“事实上，水基运动具有几个独特的好处。”符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“And because you’re horizontal (水平的) in the water, blood doesn’t pool in your lower body like it does when you’re exercising upright.(因为你在水中是水平的，所以血液不会像直立运动时那样在你的下半身积聚。)”和下文“Your heart becomes more efficient, which means your heart rate is a little lower during swimming compared with other types of exercise.(你的心脏会变得更有效率，这意味着与其他类型的运动相比，游泳时的心率会低一点。)”可知，空处应讲述在水中水平游泳时血液会向身体中间和心脏流动，这对心脏有好处，F项“这会增加流向身体中心和心脏的血液流量。”符合题意，That指代前句的内容。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“If it doesn’t come naturally to you, water aerobics can be a good alternative.(如果你觉得不自然，水中有氧运动可以是一个很好的选择。)”可知，如果在水中游泳不自然，可以选择水中有氧运动，空处应进一步讲述水中有氧运动的好处，D项“做水中有氧运动也同时针对心脏和肌肉。”符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Added resistance translates to extra calorie burn compared with land-based exercise. For example, a 150-pound person burns about 250 calories jogging for 30 minutes on land.(与陆地运动相比，增加的阻力转化为额外的卡路里燃烧。例如，一个150磅重的人在陆地上慢跑30分钟会燃烧约250卡路里。)”可知，水上运动有助于额外燃烧卡路里，前面举了陆地运动燃烧的卡路里，空处应讲述水上运动燃烧的卡路里，B项“但在水中慢跑30分钟可燃烧约350卡路里。”符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Water treatment features one-on-one exercises with a doctor for a number of sessions. Doing gentle exercise while staying in water takes stress off your joints, and the water’s warm temperature has a positive effect.(水疗的特色是与医生进行多次一对一的练习。在水中做温和的运动可以减轻关节的压力，水的温暖温度也有积极的作用。)”可知，本段主要讲述了水的治疗作用，A项“水可能是受伤人员的理想环境。”符合题意。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Callie Clemens was close to falling asleep at around 11 p. m. Just then a (n) ___21___ message on the Weibo page she runs — Lost & Found Pets — caught her eye. A puppy had been spotted crossing a road quickly in her neighbourhood. Weak ___22___ had been heard from inside a nearby drain (下水道) , so there was likely another puppy— maybe more than one — ___23___ down there. Clemens sprang out of bed and ___24___ to the scene. Once there, she heard ___25___ cries echoing (回响) through the drain. She grabbed her son’s ___26___ from her car and then walked down. She wasn’t well ___27___, and was not expecting to go into the drain. But nobody else was around and puppies were stuck in. Somebody had to do it! It was 700 meters of total ___28___. She lowered herself with the only light from her flashlight and searched for any ___29___ sound. Around midnight, staffers from the local SPCA, an animal protection organisation, arrived and ____30____ Clemens in the drain. They searched end to end, side to side. ____31____, at about 3 am, they found a tiny black puppy. While Clemens was still underground, one staff spotted another dog standing outside at one exit of the drain. “We were very excited,” says Clemens, adding that the puppies weighed about five pounds and four pounds ____32____. They were named Timmy and Tony and ____33____ by the SPCA. Clemens’s ____34____ doesn’t surprise people in her neighbourhood. “Once she becomes focused on a ____35____ situation, she is unstoppable.” 21. A. emergency B. warning C. security D. advertisement 22. A. whispers B. cries C. noises D. clicks 23. A. attached B. thrown C. stuck D. abused 24. A. walked B. ran C. flew D. drove 25. A. frequent B. sharp C. desperate D. joyful 26. A. gun B. flashlight C. ball D. machine 27. A. informed B. motivated C. directed D. equipped 28. A. danger B. water C. darkness D. quietness 29. A. frightening B. possible C. surprising D. deep 30. A. joined B. arrested C. left D. awarded 31. A. At last B. In addition C. In that case D. As a matter of fact 32. A. totally B. respectively C. obviously D. suitably 33. A. made up B. put away C. found out D. taken in 34. A. determination B. optimism C. strategy D. gentleness 35. A. adoption B. trial C. rescue D. violence 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Callie Clemens在深夜拯救了被困在下水道的两只小狗。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她所运行的微博页面——Lost & Found Pets——上的一条紧急消息引起了她的注意。A. emergency紧急情况；B. warning警告；C. security安全；D. advertisement广告。根据下文中的“A puppy had been spotted crossing a road quickly in her neighbourhood. Weak ___2___had been heard from inside a nearby drain (下水道) , so there was likely another puppy—maybe more than one— ___3___down there.”可知，有人在她的微博下面留言说发现了有小狗被困，这应该是紧急消息。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近的下水道里传出微弱的叫声，所以可能还有另一只小狗——可能不止一只——被困在那里。A. whispers耳语；B. cries叫喊，吠；C. noises吵闹声；D. clicks咔哒（或咔嚓）声。根据空前的“Weak”和下文中的“cries echoing (回响) through the drain”可知，这里是原词复现，指下水道里传来微弱的叫声。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. attached依恋的，附属于；B. thrown投，掷；C. stuck卡住的；D. abused滥用，虐待。根据句中的“Weak ___2___had been heard from inside a nearby drain (下水道)”可知，下水道里有微弱的叫声，由此可知，小狗应是被困在了下水道里。stuck为形容词，在句中作后置定语。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clemens跳下床，驱车前往现场。A. walked走路；B. ran跑；C. flew飞；D. drove开车。根据下文中的“from her car”可知，她开车去了现场。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一到那里，她就听到下水道里回荡着绝望的叫声。A. frequent频繁的；B. sharp尖锐的；C. desperate绝望的；D. joyful高兴的。根据常识和空后的“cries echoing (回响) through the drain”可知，小狗被困在下水道里，内心一定会感到恐惧和绝望。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从车里抓起儿子的手电筒，然后走了下去。A. gun枪；B. flashlight手电筒；C. ball球；D. machine机器。根据下文中的“her flashlight”可知，这里是原词复现，指的是她拿起儿子的手电筒。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她装备不好，也没想进入下水道。A. informed通知；B. motivated成为……的动机；C. directed指导，指挥；D. equipped装备，配备。根据上文中的“She grabbed her son’s ___6___from her car and then walked down.”并结合常识可知，她只带着手电筒就进了下水道，没有携带多余的救助工具，所以她装备不足。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是700米的完全黑暗。A. danger危险；B. water水；C. darkness黑暗；D. quietness安静。根据下文中的“with the only light from her flashlight”可知，下水道里非常黑暗，只有手电筒才发出一点光亮。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她放低身段，手电筒里发出唯一的光，寻找任何可能的声音。A. frightening可怕的；B. possible可能的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. deep深的。根据上文中的“she heard ___5___cries echoing (回响) through the drain”和空前的“searched for any”可知，她在地面的时候听到下水道里回响着小狗的叫声，所以她在下水道里应该是努力寻找任何可能的声音，从而定位到小狗的位置。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：午夜时分，当地动物保护组织SPCA的工作人员抵达，进入下水道加入Clemens。A. joined加入；B. arrested逮捕；C. left离开；D. awarded奖励。根据下文中的“They searched end to end, side to side.(他们一头接一头地、一边到一边地搜查。)”可知，该动物保护组织的人员加入Clemens，在下水道一起搜寻小狗。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后，大约凌晨3点，他们发现了一只黑色的小狗。A. At last最后；B. In addition此外；C. In that case既然那样；D. As a matter of fact事实上。根据空后的“at about 3 am, they found a tiny black puppy”可知，经过努力搜寻，他们最终找到了一只小狗。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Clemens说：“我们非常兴奋。”并补充说，这些小狗分别重约5磅和4磅。A. totally完全地；B. respectively分别；C. obviously显然；D. suitably合适地。根据空前的“the puppies weighed about five pounds and four pounds”可知，两只小狗分别重约5磅和4磅。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们被取名为Timmy和Tony，并被SPCA收留。A. made up化妆，编造；B. put away把……收起来；C. found out查明，弄清楚；D. taken in收留。根据空后的“by the SPCA”并结合常识可知，SPCA是一个动物救助组织，所以动物救出来后应该是被他们收留。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clemens的决心并不让她附近的人感到惊讶。A. determination坚韧，决心，毅力；B. optimism乐观；C. strategy策略；D. gentleness温柔。根据下文中的“Once she becomes focused on a ___15___situation, she is unstoppable.”并结合上文她深夜独自一人进入下水道寻找小狗可知，她有救助动物的决心。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦她专注于救援情况，她就势不可挡。A. adoption收养；B. trial审讯，试验；C. rescue营救，援救；D. violence暴力。根据本文讲述了Clemens救助被困在下水道的小狗可知，这里指救援情况。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The village homes sit partially hazy (朦胧的) , with their white walls and black roofs ___36___ (stand) out among the greens of the trees. The hazy ___37___ (reflect) of the sunlight off the leaf creates a clear texture (纹理) reminding people ___38___ the Impressionists' approach to light and shadow, yet the stillness of the colours and the lines is altogether Eastern in its charm. The painting, Autumn Haze, is the work of Lin Fengmian, one of the ___39___ (master) of 20th century art. Featured alongside other works by Lin and his student Wu Guanzhong as part of a recent special exhibition at the China Art Museum in Shanghai, it seemed to pose a question: Is it possible to redefine what makes a painting, especially a landscape painting. “Chinese” ? Lin, ___40___ was born in 1900, thought the answer ___41___ (lie) neither in looking back at traditional landscape paintings nor in the complete acceptance of Western art, ___42___ rather in the integration (融合) of East and West. Lin believed that Chinese art should combine the forms of expression in the West and the ___43___ (emotion) needs of Eastern art. Lin also argued that basic art training should take nature as its subject and apply scientific methods to reproduce objects ___44___ (correct) as the basis for creation. To that end, he asked his students to be among nature and draw there. Such practice was meant not to force them to make naturalistic art but to allow artists unrestricted creativity as they tried ____45____ (grasp) the essence (本质) of things. 【答案】36. standing 37. reflection 38. of##about 39. masters 40. who 41. lay 42. but 43. emotional 44. correctly 45. to grasp 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术大师林风眠及其作品的创作理念。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：村里的房屋部分被雾笼罩着，白色的墙壁和黑色的屋顶在绿色的树林中显得格外显眼。分析句子结构可知，stand 与其逻辑主语their white walls and black roofs 之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填standing。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：阳光在树叶上的朦胧反射创造出一种清晰的纹理，让人想起印象派对光影的处理方法，但色彩和线条的静止却完全具有东方的魅力。the +名词 +of。根据句子结构可知，设空处用名词作句子的主语。故填reflection。 【38题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：阳光在树叶上的朦胧反射创造出一种清晰的纹理，让人想起印象派对光影的处理方法，但色彩和线条的静止却完全具有东方的魅力。短语 remind sb of/ about sth表示“提醒某人某事”。故填of/about。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这幅《秋雾》是20世纪艺术大师林风眠的作品。根据空前的 one of可知， 此空应填可数名词的复数形式。故填masters。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：出生于1900年的林认为，答案既不在于回顾传统山水画，也不在于完全接受西方艺术，而在于东西方的融合。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人且作主语。 故填who。 【41题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：出生于1900年的林认为，答案既不在于回顾传统山水画，也不在于完全接受西方艺术，而在于东西方的融合。根据句子结构可知，这个句子缺少谓语动词，而 the answer 和 lie 之间是主动关系。根据前面的 thought可知此空应用动词的过去式。故填lay。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：出生于1900年的林认为，答案既不在于回顾传统山水画，也不在于完全接受西方艺术，而在于东西方的融合。根据句意，此处表达的是“这个答案不在于回看传统风景画，也不在于全然接受西方艺术，而是东西方的融合”，此空应填转折连词。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：林认为中国艺术应该把西方艺术的表现形式和东方艺术的情感需求结合起来。根据句子结构可知，这里缺形容词来修饰名词 needs。故填emotional。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：林还认为，基础艺术训练应该以自然为主体，以科学的方法正确地再现对象作为创作的基础。根据句子结构可知，这里修饰短语 reproduce objects 应用副词作状语。故填 correctly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种做法并不是为了强迫他们去创作自然主义的艺术，而是为了让艺术家在试图把握事物本质的过程中不受限制地创造。根据句子结构可知，这里需要作 tried的宾语，try to do sth 意 为“试图做 某事”。故填to grasp。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你加入了一个名为“Volunteer Community”的国际志愿者组织，上周日你和组员完成了一次志愿活动，你受邀为此次活动写一篇报道。内容包括： 1. 前往的地方； 2. 完成的活动； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Last Sunday, I participated in a volunteer activity with the “Volunteer Community” organization. We went to a local orphanage where there were many children waiting for our company to spend time with them. Our activities included playing games, reading stories, and helping with their homework. The children, who were longing for care and attention, were very happy and excited to see us. I felt a deep sense of fulfillment and joy, knowing that our efforts brought smiles to their faces. This experience has strengthened my resolve to continue participating in volunteer work and making a positive impact on the community. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生就上周在名为“Volunteer Community”的国际志愿者组织完成的志愿活动写一篇报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参与：participated in →took part in 包括：included→contained 兴奋：excited→thrilled 积极的：positive→optimistic 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：Our activities included playing games, reading stories, and helping with their homework. 同义句：Playing games, reading stories and helping with their homework were part of our activities. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We went to a local orphanage where there were many children waiting for our company to spend time with them. (运用了where引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】I felt a deep sense of fulfillment and joy, knowing that our efforts brought smiles to their faces. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everything changed for me when I entered high school. Among 790 freshmen, I never saw a single person I knew from middle school. At home I was just as lonely. My elder brother was a senior and was making decisions about his future in college. My little brother didn’t want anything to do with me. My older sister was outgoing and never without her friends. “They all fit in.” I thought. The comfort came—my mom was there waiting for my coming back. I was about to run towards her, hug her and get the bad feelings off my chest when I heard, “Carole, your bedroom’s a disaster. Why can’t you keep it clean? ” Another strike! The last thing I needed was criticism from my mother. I just wanted a few warm words from her. “Mom, I… ” I tried to explain my suffering but was interrupted by a telephone ring. “One minute, Carole.” Mom walked away and answered the phone. It seemed that she was negotiating something with her editor. I saw her sitting down by her desk, nodding her head now and then, and carefully taking notes. I knew she was a great writer and mother, strict with herself and affectionate towards us. I also knew she was busy all these days, but still, I couldn’t help feeling disappointed and upset. I went back to my room and pulled out my maths exercise. I started working out the first problem. Almost immediately, I saw I’d made a mistake. “Wrong again!” I thought. I tore the paper out of my notebook, balled it up in my fist and threw it at the wastepaper basket. The paper ball landed on the floor. By the time I finished my homework, the floor had been littered with paper balls. Out of something unknown, it gave me a kind of satisfaction to see the mess I’d made. I kicked the paper balls under the bed and left the room without tidying it up. The next day I came home to an empty house. I dragged myself to my bedroom as usual. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I opened the door, I was astonished to see a fairly tidy room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I read the note again and again, and felt a weight lifted from me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I opened the door, I was astonished to see a fairly tidy room. My mom had obviously cleaned it herself. Thinking of the mess I deliberately made under the bed, I hurried to my bed and bent down to take a look. To my great surprise, the floor had been cleaned as well. All the paper balls had disappeared. A mixed feeling surged through my whole body. As I stood up and froze for a while, I noticed a note lying on my desk. Picking it up, I recognized my mom’s perfect handwriting at once:“ Dear Carole, I am critical of myself, and I have found that I have also been very critical of you lately. For that, I’m truly sorry. I just expect that you are to be your sweet self. Love, Mom.” I read the note again and again, and felt a weight lifted from me. It was replaced by something as soft and comforting as Mom’s hug. I knew Mom still loved me the same way, and she cared about me even when she was over occupied by work all the days. Tears were streaming so fast that my vision was a bit unclear. Mom had said sorry to me, and I owed her the same. When she got home, I rushed to her and couldn’t wait to tell her all I had bottled up inside. Embarrassed, I soon found my brothers standing by and looking at me smilingly. On the couch, we sat side by side, sharing all the stories and feelings as the sun set. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入高中后所经历的孤独感、与家人的关系变化以及母亲对她的理解和道歉，展现了作者的情感变化和个人成长。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我打开门时，我惊讶地看到房间相当整洁。”以及第二段首句内容“我一遍又一遍地读着这张纸条，感觉身上的重担被卸下了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在房间里看到了一张纸条，得知是自己的妈妈为自己整理了房间。 ②由第二段首句内容“我一遍又一遍地读着这张纸条，感觉身上的重担被卸下了。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到了字条后，解开了内心的纠结，感受到了来自家人的爱。 2.续写线索：房间非常整洁——感到惊讶——发现纸条——妈妈对作者的关心和爱——心中感到释怀——想和妈妈道歉——感到家人的爱 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①取代：replace/take one’s place ②忙于：be occupied by/be busy with ③到家：get home/reach home 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/amazement ②尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward 【点睛】【高分句型1】As I stood up and froze for a while, I noticed a note lying on my desk.（运用了as引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】I just expect that you are to be your sweet self.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$