精品解析：山东省日照市2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷(含答案)

2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考试卷 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。 A Drivers’ attention: Driving can expose you to more dangerous glare than any sunny day at the beach can... do you know how to protect yourself? Not all sunglasses are created equal. With all the fancy fashion frames out there it can be easy to overlook what really matters-the lenses (镜片). So we did our research and looked to the very best in optic (光学) innovation. Sunglass Technology Certified by Blue Light Eye Protection. Eagle Eyes features the most advanced eye protection technology ever created. The TriLenium Lens Technology added benefit of blue-light eye protection. Eagle Eyes is the only optic technology that has earned official recognition for this remarkable technology. Now, that’s proven science-based protection. The finest optics: And buy one, get one FREE! Eagle Eyes has the highest customer satisfaction of any item in our 20-year history. We will give you a second pair of Eagle Eyes Navigator Sunglasses FREE a 59.95 value! They’re two pairs to protect your eyes with the best technology available for less than the price of one pair of traditional sunglasses. You get a pair of Navigators with stainless (无锈) steel black frames and the other with stainless steel gold, plus one hard zipper case and one micro-fiber draw-string cleaning container are included. Keep one pair in your pocket and one in your car. Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed. If you are not amazed with the Eagle Eyes technology, simply return one pair within 30 days for a full refund of the purchase price. The other pair is yours to keep. No one else has such confidence in their optic technology. Two Pairs of Eagle Eyes Navigator Sunglasses 119.90! Offer Code Price 49+S&P Save $70.90 Offer includes one pair each Navigator Black and Navigator Gold Sunglasses 1-800-333-2045 Your Insider Offer Code: EEN966-06 You must use this insider offer code to get our special price. 1. What makes Eagle Eyes unique? A. Extra giveaways. B. Its eye care function. C. Its optical technology. D. Its ability to improve vision. 2. What is the most reassuring thing for customers? A. The price of sunglasses. B. Full refund if not satisfied. C. Receiving additional offers. D. Getting a pair of glasses for free. 3. How much do you pay for two pairs of glasses at the inside price? A. $ 98. B. $ 119.90. C. $ 49. D. $ 59.95. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款眼镜的特色以及价格等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Eagle Eyes features the most advanced eye protection technology ever created. The TriLenium Lens Technology added benefit of blue-light eye protection.(鹰眼拥有有史以来最先进的护眼技术。TriLenium Lens技术增加了蓝光眼睛保护的好处)”可知，鹰眼的独特之处是护眼功能。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed.部分中“If you are not amazed with the Eagle Eyes technology, simply return one pair within 30 days for a full refund of the purchase price.(如果您对鹰眼的技术不感到惊讶，只需在30天内退回一副，即可全额退还购买价格)”可知，客户最放心的事情是可以不满意全额退款。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Two Pairs of Eagle Eyes Navigator Sunglasses 119.90! Offer Code Price 49+S&P Save $70.90(两副Eagle Eyes Navigator Sunglasses 119.90美元！优惠代码价格49美元+运费和手续费，节省70.90美元。您必须使用这个内部优惠代码才能获得我们的特价。)”可知，两副眼镜的内部价是119.9－70.9=49美元。故选C。 B Every day since the owners of the Fun shop posted the announcement on Facebook last month, customers have been streaming into the Middle burg store, some with tears in their eyes, to ask if the news really was true. After 66 years, the family-owned retailer that’s old almost anything you could think of, the “Macy’s of Middle burg” as one customer put it, indeed was closing. “This news hurts my heart,” one Facebook commenter wrote. “It won’t be the same here without y’all,” another offered. And a post echoing the feelings of many loyal customers began: “Nooocoooo. You are the last store that sells what’s left of what is right in the world.” Since Nancy opened the business in 1956, the shop has been a mainstay on the main street in this pretty hunt country 50 miles west of Washington. What she wanted, her daughters Page and Betsy said, was a store that brought joy to her customers. The name was a clue to her goal. Famous people have shopped at the store, but it wasn’t celebrities who made the store what it became. And whatever customers were looking for, the Fun shop either had it or would order it for you. Anna Dees, 85, started shopping there in the mid-1960s and visited it on a recent weekday afternoon. “And there is nothing in the world like the personal service here.” In a world where nothing seems to stay the same for long, a family store that bridged generations offered reassurance that the past wasn’t flying too fast. So its closing is a big blow to the area, particularly its longtime residents. When the store closes, Littleton, 49, a seventh-generation middle burg resident who now serves as the town’s mayor said, an era of the town will come to an end. “It’s really now that we’re seeing and realizing we have had an impact and we’ve made a difference,” Betsy said. “My mother would just be thrilled because that was her goal.” 4. What can we learn about the Middle burg store from the first two paragraphs? A. It sells second-hand items. B. It has received mixed reviews. C. It is like glue to customers. D. It needs the support of customers. 5. What impressed Anna about the store? A. A quick checkout. B. Celebrities’ regular visits. C. Perfect after-sales service. D. Attentive customer care. 6. What does the author find valuable about this store? A. Its sustainability philosophy. B. Its proper time management. C. Its lasting original intention. D. Its open and adventurous spirit. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Old shopping habits die hard. B. Fun bridges locals’ friendship C. Nancy tears away from Fun shop. D. Fun shop’s closing saddens customers 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了一家经营了66年的家族零售店即将关闭的消息，以及顾客和附近居民对此的痛心和惋惜。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Every day since the owners of the Fun shop posted the announcement on Facebook last month, customers have been streaming into the Middle burg store, some with tears in their eyes, to ask if the news really was true.(自上个月“乐趣商店”的店主们在脸书上发布公告以来，每天都有顾客络绎不绝地涌入这家位于米德尔堡的店铺，其中一些人眼里含泪，询问这一消息是否属实)”以及第二段“After 66 years, the family-owned retailer that’s old almost anything you could think of, the “Macy’s of Middle burg” as one customer put it, indeed was closing. “This news hurts my heart,” one Facebook commenter wrote. “It won’t be the same here without y’all,” another offered. And a post echoing the feelings of many loyal customers began: “Nooocoooo. You are the last store that sells what’s left of what is right in the world.”(这家经营了66年的家族零售商，几乎售卖你能想到的一切商品，正如一位顾客所言，它是“米德尔堡的梅西百货”。如今，它确实要关门了。“这消息让我心痛，”一位脸书评论者写道。“没有你们，这里将不再一样，”另一位评论者补充道。还有一条帖子表达了许多忠实顾客的心声：“不不不……你们是世界上仅存的售卖正确之物的最后一家店铺。”)”可知，很多人对商店关门感到难以置信，由此推知它就像胶水一样吸引着顾客。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Anna Dees, 85, started shopping there in the mid-1960s and visited it on a recent weekday afternoon. “And there is nothing in the world like the personal service here.”(85岁的安娜·迪斯从上世纪60年代中期就开始在这里购物，最近的一个工作日下午她又来到了这里。“世界上没有哪里的个人服务能像这里一样。”)”可知，这家店给安娜留下深刻印象的是周到的客户服务。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In a world where nothing seems to stay the same for long, a family store that bridged generations offered reassurance that the past wasn’t flying too fast. So its closing is a big blow to the area, particularly its longtime residents. When the store closes, Littleton, 49, a seventh-generation middle burg resident who now serves as the town’s mayor said, an era of the town will come to an end.(在这个似乎没有什么能长久保持不变的世界里，这家跨越世代的家族商店让人们确信，过去并没有飞逝得太快。因此，它的关闭对该地区，尤其是长期居民来说，是一个巨大的打击。当这家商店关门时，49岁的利特尔顿（米德尔堡的第七代居民，现任该镇镇长）表示，该镇的一个时代将终结)”可知，作者认为这家商店最有价值的事它永恒的初心。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every day since the owners of the Fun shop posted the announcement on Facebook last month, customers have been streaming into the Middle burg store, some with tears in their eyes, to ask if the news really was true.(自上个月“乐趣商店”的店主们在脸书上发布公告以来，每天都有顾客络绎不绝地涌入这家位于米德尔堡的店铺，其中一些人眼里含泪，询问这一消息是否属实)”和第二段“After 66 years, the family-owned retailer that’s old almost anything you could think of, the “Macy’s of Middle burg” as one customer put it, indeed was closing. “This news hurts my heart,” one Facebook commenter wrote. “It won’t be the same here without y’all,” another offered. And a post echoing the feelings of many loyal customers began: “Nooocoooo. You are the last store that sells what’s left of what is right in the world.”(这家经营了66年的家族零售商，几乎售卖你能想到的一切商品，正如一位顾客所言，它是“米德尔堡的梅西百货”。如今，它确实要关门了。“这消息让我心痛，”一位脸书评论者写道。“没有你们，这里将不再一样，”另一位评论者补充道。还有一条帖子表达了许多忠实顾客的心声：“不不不……你们是世界上仅存的售卖正确之物的最后一家店铺。”)以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述一家经营了66年的家族零售店即将关闭的消息，以及顾客和附近居民对此的痛心和惋惜，所以D项“Fun shop’s closing saddens customers(趣味商店的关闭让顾客们很伤心)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 C A 2012 study coined the term “IKEA effect”, demonstrating that adults who successfully completed tasks valued the completed products more highly than comparable products they did not create themselves. A new paper authored by psychologist Lauren Marsh, reports an initial experiment in which 64 children aged 3 to 6 were given the opportunity to interact with two My “monsters” — one that they created themselves following instructions from a kit, and another that they merely held on to while playing a short game. Before creating or holding either monster, the experimenters had each child rate how much they liked each monster, either rating a monster identical to the monster about to be created, or rating the monster the child would go on to hold. These ratings were repeated after creating or holding a monster to assess how much each monster’s perceived value was affected by the previous interaction. If children value objects more highly just because they successfully created the objects — if kids show an IKEA effect—we’d expect kids’ ratings to increase more than for the monster they just held. And this is precisely what the researchers found, but only for the 5- and 6-year-olds. The 3- and 4-year-olds showed no such effect. Across two subsequent studies, the researchers varied the features of the experiments, including whether creating the monster required lower or higher levels of effort, whether the created monster was owned by the child, and whether the finished monster would be displayed in public. These factors didn’t have any reliable effects on the 5- and 6-year-old participants’ ratings of how much they valued the monsters, even though the children, on average, showed an IKEA effect. This provides some evidence against the idea that these factors are what drives the IKEA effect, at least in young. It’s always possible that effort, ownership, or signaled competence makes a difference, but the experiments didn’t measure the effects of these factors in an effective way. Marsh and colleagues have their own proposal: beginning around age 5, children come to value their own creations because they “become part of who we are, a concrete representation of self.” 8. What did the researchers have the children do during the initial experiment? A. Complete a short game. B. Follow instructions from a kit. C. Choose their favourite one from two toys. D. Express their fondness degree for the monsters. 9. What was the purpose of the initial experiment? A. To evaluate the results of the interactions. B. To test if IKEA effect applies to young kids. C. To check if IKEA effect boosts children’s creativity. D. To gather data on the perceived value of the monsters. 10 What can we learn from the subsequent studies? A. Effort level contributes to children’ preference. B. Public remarks have an impact on kids’ assessment. C. Influence of different features is inconclusive in children. D. External factors are undoubtedly the drivers of IKEA effect. 11. What might be the cause of the IKEA effect in kids according to Marsh? A. Realization of self-value. B. Strong sense of competition. C. Attachment to the creations. D. Effective ways of measurement. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究发现5到6岁的孩子开始表现出“宜家效应”，虽然该研究目前无法确定该效应的影响因素，但是研究者认为该效应的出现是因为孩子开始意识到自己的价值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Before creating or holding either monster, the experimenters had each child rate how much they liked each monster, either rating a monster identical to the monster about to be created, or rating the monster the child would go on to hold. These ratings were repeated after creating or holding a monster to assess how much each monster’s perceived value was affected by the previous interaction. (在创造或持有怪物之前，实验者让每个孩子评价他们对每个怪物的喜爱程度，要么评价与即将创造的怪物相同的怪物，要么评价孩子将继续持有的怪物。在创造或持有怪物后重复这些评分，以评估每个怪物被感知的价值受到之前互动的影响程度)”可知，在一开始的实验中，研究者分两次让孩子们表达他们对怪物的喜爱程度。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“If children value objects more highly just because they successfully created the objects — if kids show an IKEA effect—we’d expect kids’ ratings to increase more than for the monster they just held. (如果孩子们仅仅因为他们成功地创造了物品而更看重这些物品——如果孩子们表现出宜家效应——我们预计孩子们的评分会比他们刚刚拿着的怪物增加得更多)”可知，在一开始的实验中，研究人员预测如果孩子们表现出宜家效应，那么他们后一次对怪物喜爱程度的评分会高于前一次。由此可知，该实验的目的是检验宜家效应是否适用于孩子。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“These factors didn’t have any reliable effects on the 5- and 6-year-old participants’ ratings of how much they valued the monsters, even though the children, on average, showed an IKEA effect. This provides some evidence against the idea that these factors are what drives the IKEA effect, at least in young. (这些因素对5岁和6岁的参与者对怪物的评价没有任何确凿的影响，尽管孩子们平均都表现出宜家效应。这提供了一些证据，反驳了这些因素导致宜家效应的观点，至少在孩子中是这样)”可知，在接下来的研究中，孩子们没有被不同的因素影响，即不同因素对孩子的影响不能确定。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Marsh and colleagues have their own proposal: beginning around age 5, children come to value their own creations because they “become part of who we are, a concrete representation of self.”(Marsh和同事们提出了自己的提案：从5岁左右开始，孩子们开始重视自己的创造，因为它们“成为了我们自己的一部分，是自我的具体体现”)”可知，Marsh认为孩子表现出宜家效应可能是因为他们开始有自我意识，意识到自己的价值。故选A项。 D Here were the simple instructions given by a Harvard University assistant professor to people participating in a recent science study: “Imagine the following scene. Visualize it in your mind’s eye, as vividly as you can: a person walks into a room and knocks a ball off a table.” The professor, Tomer Ulman, then asked those in the study about their mental images: “Did you see how big the ball was? How about the person’s hair color?” Most participants visualized the former but not the latter. Ullman and his colleagues term this absence of details “noncommitment” to mental imagery (意象). Brain imaging studies show that mental imagery engages the same neurons (神经元) in similar ways as perception (感知). Visualizing things seems to have much in common with actually seeing them. But if mental images are indeed pictures, why do they lack such simple details? Ullman and colleagues conducted a series of experiments in which participants visualized the ball and table scene and were then presented with the questions selected by the researchers. The findings show 78% of participants did not visualize at least two details. People are often unaware of how little detail their mental images contain until asked. They don’t notice how much they don’t notice. It has nothing to do with a person forgetting the contents of a mental image, and it also is found in people with vivid imaginations. “Nearly everyone can tell you size of the ball but not the person’s hair color,” Ullman says. “It’s like we have one hierarchy when we construct images, first we build space high up and then things like color are further down.” This is the same with Kosslin’s “skeletal image” theory, in which the overall shape is first generated and other details are then added as needed. “There are imagery-based systems for interviewing people who witnessed a crime to guide them through trying to visualize it as accurately as possible,” Kosslyn says. Imagination is an issue, but understanding noncommitment better could help develop ways of getting more accurate eyewitness evidence, he says. “That’s worth a lot.” 12. What does noncommitment to mental imagery refer to? A. Imagining a scene in one’s mind vividly. B. Remembering the size of a ball exactly. C. Picturing things in one’s mind partially. D. Forgetting a person’s hair color entirely. 13. Why do people ignore some details when visualizing things? A. They fail to realize. B. They have poor memories. C. They lack rich imagination. D. They think in a wrong way. 14. What does the underlined word “hierarchy” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A. Grade. B. Order. C. Height. D. Standard. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The potential value of the research. B. The further prospect of the research. C. The importance of looking for a witness. D. The difficulty in finding evidence of a crime. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究：人们构建心理意象时往往缺少细节，这被称作“非承诺性”。了解这一现象有助于开发更准确的目击证据采访系统。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Here were the simple instructions given by a Harvard University assistant professor to people participating in a recent science study: “Imagine the following scene. Visualize it in your mind’s eye, as vividly as you can: a person walks into a room and knocks a ball off a table.” (以下是哈佛大学一位助理教授给参加最近一项科学研究的人的简单指示：“想象下面的场景。在你的脑海中尽可能生动地想象：一个人走进一个房间，把一个球从桌子上撞下来。”)”和第二段中“The professor, Tomer Ulman, then asked those in the study about their mental images: “Did you see how big the ball was? How about the person’s hair color?” Most participants visualized the former but not the latter. Ullman and his colleagues term this absence of details “noncommitment” to mental imagery (意象). (教授托默·乌尔曼随后询问了研究对象的心理图像：“你看到球有多大了吗?那这个人的发色呢？”大多数参与者想象的是前者，而不是后者。乌尔曼和他的同事将这种细节的缺失称为对心理意象的“非承诺性”。)”可知，“非承诺性”指的是心理意象在构建时会缺乏一定的细节，是一种部分地在脑海中描绘事物的现象。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“People are often unaware of how little detail their mental images contain until asked. They don’t notice how much they don’t notice. (直到被问到，人们才意识到他们脑海中的图像所包含的细节是多么的少。他们没有注意到他们没有注意到多少。)”可知，人们之所以会忽视心理意象构建时的细节是因为人们没有意识到图像中包含多少细节。故选A。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中划线词后文“when we construct images, first we build space high up and then things like color are further down.” This is the same with Kosslin’s “skeletal image” theory, in which the overall shape is first generated and other details are then added as needed. (当我们构建图像时，空间属性很高。然后是颜色之类的东西。”这符合Kosslyn的“骨架形象”理论，即首先生成整体形状，然后根据需要添加其他细节。)”可知，此处强调人们在构建图像的时候是按照一定的顺序进行的即先整体后局部细节。故hierarchy的含义为“顺序”，故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Imagination is an issue, but understanding noncommitment better could help develop ways of getting more accurate eyewitness evidence, he says. “That’s worth a lot.” (但他说，更好地理解“非承诺性”可能有助于找到获得更准确的目击证据的方法。“这很有价值。”)”可知，本段主要阐述的是“非承诺性”行为的研究价值，即能够有助于更准确的找到目击证据。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 What your dinner photos on Instagram say about you Posting pictures on Instagram is a modern day version of writing a journal. It’s all about creating a connection between ourselves, our lives, friends, family and the wider public. ___16___ Each day, at least 95 million posts are shared on Instagram. ___17___ Some people will post photos of their pets, their holidays or their social life — but in recent years, posting photos of the food that we eat conveys to the viewer something about the person posting, their personality and mental state. If someone posts photos of a meal that they have just cooked, the message they’re trying to convey is that they are a capable person. For example, if someone is on a health kick, they often seek social approval. If they’ve made a really healthy meal, they will typically post it with hashtags like diet or health, which tie into other people’s experiences. ___18___ There is also a growing trend of people taking photos of their food when they dine out at a restaurant. ___19___ These Instagrammers often tag places that are considered selective or to have a certain clientele (顾客群), like celebrities — to indicate that they’re a person of worth. It feeds into their need for social approval and is a way of boosting their own self-confidence. If people are on a diet or trying to eat a bit better, they can use platforms like Instagram to track what they’ve been eating. It’s a way of motivating other people as well as holding themselves responsible, while subconsciously saying, “____20____” Sharing the diet is a way of both getting attention and taking responsibility from a wider audience. A. There are some reasons to post photos online. B. I’m the sort of person who takes care of myself. C. I would take responsibility seriously in my diet. D. It’s the same idea as wanting to feel part of a community. E. The types of content we choose to post hold significance. F. It generally implies an attempt to associate with luxury and taste. G We have a fundamental need to be part of something bigger than ourselves. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了人们在Instagram上发布的晚餐照片所传达的不同的信息。 【16题详解】 前文“Posting pictures on Instagram is a modern day version of writing a journal. It’s all about creating a connection between ourselves, our lives, friends, family and the wider public. (在Instagram上发照片是现代版的写日记。这一切都是为了在我们自己、我们的生活、朋友、家人和更广泛的公众之间建立联系。)”提到在Instagram上发照片的性质相当于写日记，是与其他事物建立联系，因此G项“We have a fundamental need to be part of something bigger than ourselves. (我们有一种基本的需求，那就是成为比我们自己更大的事物的一部分。)”符合语境，提到我们有成为更宏大的东西的一部分的需求，承接前文。故选G。 【17题详解】 后文“Some people will post photos of their pets, their holidays or their social life — but in recent years, posting photos of the food that we eat conveys to the viewer something about the person posting, their personality and mental state. (有些人会晒宠物、度假或社交生活的照片，但近年来，晒我们吃的食物的照片向观看者传达了发帖者的一些信息，他们的个性和精神状态。)”罗列人们晒出的照片的类型，指出照片中食物与发帖人本身的个性和精神状态相关，因此E项“The types of content we choose to post hold significance. (我们选择发布的内容类型具有重要意义。)”符合语境，指出照片的内容是有意义的，契合后文内容。故选E。 【18题详解】 前文“For example, if someone is on a health kick, they often seek social approval. If they’ve made a really healthy meal, they will typically post it with hashtags like diet or health, which tie into other people’s experiences. (例如，如果某人正在追求健康，他们通常会寻求社会的认可。如果他们做了一顿非常健康的饭，他们通常会在发布时加上饮食或健康等标签，这些标签与其他人的经历有关。)”举例说明追求健康的人会在健康的饭上加上相关标签，以寻求社会的认可，因此D项“It’s the same idea as wanting to feel part of a community (这和想要成为社区的一员是一样的。)”符合语境，指出这和想成为社区的一员性质相同，是对前文的总结。故选D。 【19题详解】 前文“There is also a growing trend of people taking photos of their food when they dine out at a restaurant. (人们在餐馆吃饭时给食物拍照的趋势也越来越多。)”提到为在餐馆就餐拍照的流行趋势，因此F项“It generally implies an attempt to associate with luxury and taste. (它通常意味着试图与奢华和品味联系在一起。)”符合语境，指出这种行为是想和奢华和品味联系起来，承接前文。故选F。 【20题详解】 前文“If people are on a diet or trying to eat a bit better, they can use platforms like Instagram to track what they’ve been eating. It’s a way of motivating other people as well as holding themselves responsible, while subconsciously saying (如果人们正在节食或试图吃得更好一点，他们可以使用Instagram等平台来跟踪他们吃了什么。这是一种激励他人和让自己负责的方式，同时潜意识地说)”提到在节食或试图吃得更好的人发图片传达的信息，这与激励他人和对自己负责相关，因此B项“I’m the sort of person who takes care of myself. (我是那种会照顾自己的人。)”符合语境，指出潜意识传达的信息，承接前文。故选B。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was during dinner that Moss Hills began to realise just how severe the storm was. The ship’s waiters,____21____completely good at carrying drinks and food without spilling (洒) anything, were struggling. Moss, a guitarist working on board the eruise “Oceanos” line had never seen the waiters ___22___plates before. Instantly, Moss___23___ the radio to send an SOS. “I was calling and just ___24___for somebody to answer,” Moss says. A voice eventually replied.____25____ Moss explained “Oceanos” was sinking. More than three hours passed before the first helicopter ___26___ and hovered (盘旋) above the ship. One navy diver went to organize the helicopter___27___at the back of the ship and Moss was to organize a second at the front. But as the ship___28___ ever lower beneath the waves, people began jumping off the steeply (陡) shaking deck in___29___and a rigid lifeboat had to be launched into the___30___sea to rescue them. Swinging in mid-air from the helicopter rope, people who Moss was trying to save were being___31___against parts of the ship by the strong winds. There was no way of knowing how badly they were___32___and Moss momentarily lost his nerve. But with so many people still on board, he realized he had no ___33___but to keep going. Exhausted, Moss was the last to___34___the helicopter. When the helicopter carrying Moss ___35___on the grass, passengers ran towards him cheering, and reaching out to hug him. 21. A. obviously B. normally C. especially D. unusually 22. A. dropping B. washing C. throwing D. cleaning 23. A. changed B. found C. used D. stopped 24. A. searching B. sending C. paying D. waiting 25. A. Relieved B. Frightened C. Disappointed D. Motivated 26. A. returned B. arrived C. rose D. landed 27. A. mission B. motion C. rescue D. safety 28. A. dived B. rolled C. sailed D. sank 29. A. panic B. ruins C. tum D. pairs 30. A. delightful B. rough C. shining D. misty 31. A. blown B. loaded C. pulled D. placed 32. A. pushed B. driven C. hurt D. beaten 33. A. objection B. choice C. case D. reason 34. A. miss B. overlook C. guide D. board 35. A. touched down B. hung out C. flew over D. took off 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述船在海上遇到暴风雨，Moss Hills发出求救信号并参与一起救援的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：船上的服务员，通常都很擅长端上饮料和食物，不会洒出任何东西，正在挣扎。A. obviously明显地；B. normally通常，正常情况下；C. especially尤其；D. unusually不寻常地。结合“The ship’s waiters”以及下文“had never seen the waiters ___2___ plates before”可知，船上的服务员通常都很擅长端上饮料和食物而不会洒出来，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moss是一名吉他手，在“Oceanos”系列邮轮上工作，他以前从未见过服务员掉盘子。A. dropping掉落；B. washing洗；C. throwing扔；D. cleaning清洁。结合上文“completely good at carrying drinks and food without spilling (洒) anything”可知，船上的服务员擅长端盘子，故Moss以前从未见过服务员掉落盘子，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Moss立刻用无线电发出了求救信号。A. changed改变；B. found发现；C. used使用；D. stopped停止。根据“the radio to send an SOS”可知，Moss立刻用无线电发出了求救信号，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莫斯说：“我一直在打电话，只是等着有人接。”A. searching搜索；B. sending发送；C. paying支付；D. waiting等待。根据“I was calling”以及“for somebody to answer”可知，Moss打电话等着有人会接，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Moss松了一口气，解释说“大洋号”正在下沉。A. Relieved感到宽慰的；B. Frightened害怕的；C. Disappointed失望的；D. Motivated有动机的。根据“A voice eventually replied.”可知，有人接电话，Moss应是感到宽慰，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：3个多小时过去了，第一架直升机才到达并在船的上方盘旋。A. returned返回；B. arrived到达；C. rose上升；D. landed降落。根据“More than three hours passed”以及“hovered (盘旋) above the ship”可知，3小时过去了，救援直升机到达了，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名海军潜水员在船尾组织直升机救援，Moss在船头组织第二轮救援。A. mission使命；B. motion运动；C. rescue救援；D. safety安全。根据上文“send an SOS”以及下文“rescue them”可知，Moss发出求救信号，故直升机是前来救援，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着船越陷越深，人们开始惊慌失措地从剧烈摇晃的甲板上跳下来，一艘坚固的救生艇不得不投入波涛汹涌的大海来营救他们。A. dived潜水；B. rolled滚动；C. sailed航行；D. sank下沉。根据上文“Moss explained ‘Oceanos’ was sinking”可知，船正在下沉，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. panic惊慌；B. ruins废墟；C. turn转动；D. pairs一对，一双。结合语境及“people began jumping off the steeply (陡) shaking deck”可知，船下沉，人们应是惊慌失措，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. delightful令人愉快的；B. rough汹涌的；C. shining发光的；D. misty多雾的。空处修饰名词sea，下文“the strong winds”提到强风，故海上应是波涛汹涌，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在直升机绳索的半空中摇摆着，Moss试图拯救的人被强风吹到船上的部分。A. blown吹；B. loaded装载；C. pulled拉；D. placed放置。根据“by the strong winds”可知，此处指人们被强风吹到船上的部分，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有办法知道他们伤得有多严重，Moss一时失去了勇气。A. pushed推；B. driven驱动；C. hurt受伤；D. beaten咬。根据语境以及“how badly they were”可知，船体下沉，海上又有强风，船上的人应是受伤严重，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但船上还有这么多人，他意识到他别无选择，只能继续前进。A. objection反对；B. choice选择；C. case案例；D. reason原因。根据“But with so many people still on board”以及“but to keep going”可知，虽然救援艰难，但还有很多人在船上，Moss只能继续救人，have no choice but“别无选择，只能”，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：精疲力竭的Moss最后一个登上直升机。A. miss错过；B. overlook忽视；C. guide指导；D. board上船（飞机等）。根据下文“When the helicopter carrying Moss”可知，Moss最后一个登上了飞机，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当载着Moss的直升机降落在草地上时，乘客们都跑向他欢呼，并伸出手来拥抱他。A. touched down着陆，降落；B. hung out闲逛；C. flew over飞越，飞过；D. took off起飞。根据“on the grass”可知，直升机降落在草地上，故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hani Rice Terraces (梯田) are on the south banks of the Hong River. ___36___ (respond) to the difficulties and opportunities of their environment of high mountains, narrow valleys, ___37___ (extreme) high rainfall and sub-tropical valley climate, the Hani people have created this complex system of irrigated (灌溉) rice terraces that flows around the mountains. The landscape reflects ___38___ integrated four-fold system of forests, water supply. terraces and houses. The mountain top forests are the lifeblood of the terraces in sustaining the water needed for irrigation. Cracks in the rocks channel the rain, and sandstone traps the water and then releases it as ___39___ (spring). Channels spread this water around the terraces in and between different valleys. Eighty-two relatively small villages are constructed above the terraces. The buildings have walls ___40___ (build) of earth and stone under a roof covered with straw that gives the houses a distinctive “mushroom” shape. Half the houses in the villages are mainly ___41___ partly of traditional materials. Each household ___42___ (farm) one or two “plots” of the terraces. Red rice___43___ (produce) on the basis of a complex and integrated farming and breeding system involving buffalo, ducks and fish. Hani Rice Terraces are an ___44___ (exception) reflection of a land management system that demonstrates an extraordinary harmony between people and their environment ___45___ spiritual, ecological and visual terms. 【答案】36. Responding 37. extremely 38. an 39. springs 40. built 41. or 42. farms 43. is produced 44. exceptional 45. in 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要介绍了哈尼梯田的地理位置、形成原因、景观特色以及它所反映的人与环境的和谐关系。 36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尼族的高山、狭窄的山谷、极高的降雨量和亚热带的山谷气候，使哈尼族创造了这个复杂的环绕山脉的灌溉梯田系统。respond to“对……作出反应”。本句谓语为have created，此处为非谓语动词，且the Hani people与respond to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Responding。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。修饰形容词high，应用副词extremely“极其地”，作状语。故填extremely。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这个景观反映了一个森林、水源、梯田和房屋四位一体的综合系统。此处泛指“一个森林、水源、梯田和房屋四位一体的综合系统”，且integrated以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：岩石上的裂缝引导雨水，砂岩将水困住，然后以泉水的形式释放出来。spring在此处表示“泉水”，为可数名词，此处无限定词，用复数形式，表示泛指。故填springs。 【40题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这些建筑的墙壁是用泥土和石头建造的，屋顶上覆盖着稻草，使房屋具有独特的“蘑菇”形状。have sth. done“使某物被做”。本句谓语为have，此处为非谓语动词，且build“建造”与walls之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾补。故填built。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：村庄里一半的房屋主要或部分是用传统材料建造的。mainly和partly为选择关系，应用连词or连接。故填or。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每户耕种一到两块梯田。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语Each household，谓语用动词farm“种田”的第三人称单数形式。故填farms。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：红米是在涉及水牛、鸭子和鱼的复杂综合农业和养殖系统的基础上生产的。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语Red rice与produce“生产”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称，be动词用is。故填is produced。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：哈尼梯田是土地管理系统的一个杰出反映，展示了人与环境在精神、生态和视觉方面的非凡和谐。此处应用形容词exceptional“杰出的，卓越的”，作前置定语，修饰名词reflection。故填exceptional。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。此处表示“在……方面”，应用介词in。故填in。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你们班开展了以“How often meals are skipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Skipping Meals Our class conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals several times a week is 50%. Some students are keen to eat snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study, while other students may not have access to a healthy meal due to their busy schedules or lack of access to healthy food options. As far as I am concerned, providing healthy meal options can help reduce the harmful impact of skipping meals and provide students with the nutrition they need. Secondly, it’s important to carve out time for meals by making small adjustments in our schedule or prioritizing breakfast or lunch over other activities. November 26th, 2023 By Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，你们班开展了以“How often meals are skipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括：1. 调查结果和评论；2. 你的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 实施：conduct→carry out 热衷于：be keen to→be wild about 影响：impact→influence 就我个人而言：As far as I am concerned→Personally speaking 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our class conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. 拓展句：Our class conducted a survey, which was entitled “How often meals are skipped”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Some students are keen to eat snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study, while other students may not have access to a healthy meal due to their busy schedules or lack of access to healthy food options.(运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals several times a week is 50%.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和who引导的限定性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During my time in primary school, I was an active participant in sports and games. I was good at athletics and particularly excelled in long jump and sprinting (短跑). My abilities led me to win the B Division long jump competition, and I was chosen to represent my school in the District Sports Meet for both the long jump and relay events. The Sports Meet spanned across two days. On the first day, I didn’t have any scheduled events, so I eagerly watched other athletes competing. Tents were set up for the participants. My school team was assigned the last tent, which happened to be the furthest one from the track. Despite the less than-ideal location, we made the most out of it. The second day arrived, and it was finally time for my events. The long jump took place in the early afternoon, followed by the highly anticipated 8×50 m relay later in the day. As the long jump competition began, I realized the competition was fierce. Though I managed a respectable jump of 3. 65 meters, I was amazed by another participant, a ten-year-old, who effortlessly cleared over 4 meters. Adding to the challenge, this remarkable young athlete also wore spikes (钉子鞋), which gave him an advantage over the rest of us. Despite finishing in fourth place, narrowly missing out on a medal, I stayed positive. However, I still had hope for the 8×50 m relay, where I was assigned to run the fifth leg and pass the baton (接力棒). Finally, the race day arrived. With anticipation building, we took our positions on the track. As the starter’s gun rang, a wave of excitement swept over me. I closely. followed the progress of my teammates in the earlier legs, and to my thrill, we were among the top competitors, firmly securing at least second place. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As my turn arrived, I grasped the baton and began to run. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although my accident had indeed cost us precious time our team’s spirit remained unshaken. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As my turn arrived, I grasped the baton and began to run. The wind rushed past me, propelling me forward towards the teammate who awaited my arrival. However, just as I was gaining speed, an unexpected accident happened. I suddenly stumbled and fell to the ground, interrupting the whole progress. The audience let out a collective gasp of surprise. But without hesitation, I quickly rose to my feet, brushing off the dirt, and continued to run towards my goal. Cheers and shouts of support from my classmates gave me strength. I regained my focus and pushed forward. Although my accident had indeed cost us precious time, our team’s spirit remained unshaken. As I handed off the baton to the next runner, I observed the unwavering resolve in his face. Although our chances for a medal seemed slim, we refused to let disappointment occupy our minds. Instead, we chose to view the incident as a test of our strength and perseverance. Success doesn’t always depend on the end result, but rather on how we face adversity and grow from it. We didn’t claim a medal that day, but we left the meet with no regrets because we had given it our all. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者擅长跳远和短跑，并被选为代表学校参加区运动会的跳远和接力赛。尽管作者跳远只获得了第四名，但仍然保持乐观。接力赛中，作者牢牢地锁定了至少第二名的位置。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“轮到我时，我抓住接力棒开始奔跑”可知，第一段可以描写作者接力跑比赛中的动作和心理活动。 ②由第二段句首内容“虽然我的事故确实让我们损失了宝贵的时间，但我们团队的精神是坚定不移的”可知，第二段可以描写作者对整个比赛的感悟。 2.续写线索：开始跑—摔倒—迅速站起—继续跑—递给下一个—没有遗憾—感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①推动：propel/ push ②等待：await/ wait for ③增加：gain/ raise/ scale up 情绪类 ①出乎意料的：unexpected/out of the blue ②惊讶：surprise/ amazement 【点睛】【高分句型1】The wind rushed past me, propelling me forward towards the teammate who awaited my arrival. ( 运用了现在分词propelling作伴随状语和who引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】As I handed off the baton to the next runner, I observed the unwavering resolve in his face. ( 运用了As引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型3】Although our chances for a medal seemed slim, we refused to let disappointment occupy our minds. (运用了Although引导的让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考试卷 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。 A Drivers’ attention: Driving can expose you to more dangerous glare than any sunny day at the beach can... do you know how to protect yourself? Not all sunglasses are created equal. With all the fancy fashion frames out there it can be easy to overlook what really matters-the lenses (镜片). So we did our research and looked to the very best in optic (光学) innovation. Sunglass Technology Certified by Blue Light Eye Protection. Eagle Eyes features the most advanced eye protection technology ever created. The TriLenium Lens Technology added benefit of blue-light eye protection. Eagle Eyes is the only optic technology that has earned official recognition for this remarkable technology. Now, that’s proven science-based protection. The finest optics: And buy one, get one FREE! 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Offer Code Price 49+S&P Save $70.90 Offer includes one pair each Navigator Black and Navigator Gold Sunglasses 1-800-333-2045 Your Insider Offer Code: EEN966-06 You must use this insider offer code to get our special price. 1. What makes Eagle Eyes unique? A. Extra giveaways. B. Its eye care function. C. Its optical technology. D. Its ability to improve vision. 2. What is the most reassuring thing for customers? A. The price of sunglasses. B. Full refund if not satisfied. C. Receiving additional offers. D. Getting a pair of glasses for free. 3. How much do you pay for two pairs of glasses at the inside price? A. $ 98. B. $ 119.90. C. $ 49. D. $ 59.95. B Every day since the owners of the Fun shop posted the announcement on Facebook last month, customers have been streaming into the Middle burg store, some with tears in their eyes, to ask if the news really was true. After 66 years, the family-owned retailer that’s old almost anything you could think of, the “Macy’s of Middle burg” as one customer put it, indeed was closing. “This news hurts my heart,” one Facebook commenter wrote. “It won’t be the same here without y’all,” another offered. And a post echoing the feelings of many loyal customers began: “Nooocoooo. You are the last store that sells what’s left of what is right in the world.” Since Nancy opened the business in 1956, the shop has been a mainstay on the main street in this pretty hunt country 50 miles west of Washington. What she wanted, her daughters Page and Betsy said, was a store that brought joy to her customers. The name was a clue to her goal. Famous people have shopped at the store, but it wasn’t celebrities who made the store what it became. And whatever customers were looking for, the Fun shop either had it or would order it for you. Anna Dees, 85, started shopping there in the mid-1960s and visited it on a recent weekday afternoon. “And there is nothing in the world like the personal service here.” In a world where nothing seems to stay the same for long, a family store that bridged generations offered reassurance that the past wasn’t flying too fast. So its closing is a big blow to the area, particularly its longtime residents. When the store closes, Littleton, 49, a seventh-generation middle burg resident who now serves as the town’s mayor said, an era of the town will come to an end. “It’s really now that we’re seeing and realizing we have had an impact and we’ve made a difference,” Betsy said. “My mother would just be thrilled because that was her goal.” 4. What can we learn about the Middle burg store from the first two paragraphs? A. It sells second-hand items. B. It has received mixed reviews. C. It is like glue to customers. D. It needs the support of customers. 5. What impressed Anna about the store? A. A quick checkout. B. Celebrities’ regular visits. C. Perfect after-sales service. D. Attentive customer care. 6. What does the author find valuable about this store? A. Its sustainability philosophy. B. Its proper time management. C. Its lasting original intention. D. Its open and adventurous spirit. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Old shopping habits die hard. B. Fun bridges locals’ friendship C. Nancy tears away from Fun shop. D. Fun shop’s closing saddens customers C A 2012 study coined the term “IKEA effect”, demonstrating that adults who successfully completed tasks valued the completed products more highly than comparable products they did not create themselves. A new paper, authored by psychologist Lauren Marsh, reports an initial experiment in which 64 children aged 3 to 6 were given the opportunity to interact with two My “monsters” — one that they created themselves following instructions from a kit, and another that they merely held on to while playing a short game. Before creating or holding either monster, the experimenters had each child rate how much they liked each monster, either rating a monster identical to the monster about to be created, or rating the monster the child would go on to hold. These ratings were repeated after creating or holding a monster to assess how much each monster’s perceived value was affected by the previous interaction. If children value objects more highly just because they successfully created the objects — if kids show an IKEA effect—we’d expect kids’ ratings to increase more than for the monster they just held. And this is precisely what the researchers found, but only for the 5- and 6-year-olds. The 3- and 4-year-olds showed no such effect. Across two subsequent studies, the researchers varied the features of the experiments, including whether creating the monster required lower or higher levels of effort, whether the created monster was owned by the child, and whether the finished monster would be displayed in public. These factors didn’t have any reliable effects on the 5- and 6-year-old participants’ ratings of how much they valued the monsters, even though the children, on average, showed an IKEA effect. This provides some evidence against the idea that these factors are what drives the IKEA effect, at least in young. It’s always possible that effort, ownership, or signaled competence makes a difference, but the experiments didn’t measure the effects of these factors in an effective way. Marsh and colleagues have their own proposal: beginning around age 5, children come to value their own creations because they “become part of who we are, a concrete representation of self.” 8. What did the researchers have the children do during the initial experiment? A. Complete a short game. B. Follow instructions from a kit. C. Choose their favourite one from two toys. D. Express their fondness degree for the monsters. 9. What was the purpose of the initial experiment? A. To evaluate the results of the interactions. B. To test if IKEA effect applies to young kids. C. To check if IKEA effect boosts children’s creativity. D. To gather data on the perceived value of the monsters. 10. What can we learn from the subsequent studies? A. Effort level contributes to children’ preference. B. Public remarks have an impact on kids’ assessment. C. Influence of different features is inconclusive in children. D. External factors are undoubtedly the drivers of IKEA effect. 11. What might be the cause of the IKEA effect in kids according to Marsh? A. Realization of self-value. B. Strong sense of competition. C. Attachment to the creations. D. Effective ways of measurement. D Here were the simple instructions given by a Harvard University assistant professor to people participating in a recent science study: “Imagine the following scene. Visualize it in your mind’s eye, as vividly as you can: a person walks into a room and knocks a ball off a table.” The professor, Tomer Ulman, then asked those in the study about their mental images: “Did you see how big the ball was? How about the person’s hair color?” Most participants visualized the former but not the latter. Ullman and his colleagues term this absence of details “noncommitment” to mental imagery (意象). Brain imaging studies show that mental imagery engages the same neurons (神经元) in similar ways as perception (感知). Visualizing things seems to have much in common with actually seeing them. But if mental images are indeed pictures, why do they lack such simple details? Ullman and colleagues conducted a series of experiments in which participants visualized the ball and table scene and were then presented with the questions selected by the researchers. The findings show 78% of participants did not visualize at least two details. People are often unaware of how little detail their mental images contain until asked. They don’t notice how much they don’t notice. It has nothing to do with a person forgetting the contents of a mental image, and it also is found in people with vivid imaginations. “Nearly everyone can tell you size of the ball but not the person’s hair color,” Ullman says. “It’s like we have one hierarchy when we construct images, first we build space high up and then things like color are further down.” This is the same with Kosslin’s “skeletal image” theory, in which the overall shape is first generated and other details are then added as needed. “There are imagery-based systems for interviewing people who witnessed a crime to guide them through trying to visualize it as accurately as possible,” Kosslyn says. Imagination is an issue, but understanding noncommitment better could help develop ways of getting more accurate eyewitness evidence, he says. “That’s worth a lot.” 12. What does noncommitment to mental imagery refer to? A. Imagining a scene in one’s mind vividly. B Remembering the size of a ball exactly. C. Picturing things in one’s mind partially. D. Forgetting a person’s hair color entirely. 13. Why do people ignore some details when visualizing things? A. They fail to realize. B. They have poor memories. C. They lack rich imagination. D. They think in a wrong way. 14. What does the underlined word “hierarchy” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A. Grade. B. Order. C. Height. D. Standard. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The potential value of the research. B. The further prospect of the research. C. The importance of looking for a witness. D The difficulty in finding evidence of a crime. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 What your dinner photos on Instagram say about you Posting pictures on Instagram is a modern day version of writing a journal. It’s all about creating a connection between ourselves, our lives, friends, family and the wider public. ___16___ Each day at least 95 million posts are shared on Instagram. ___17___ Some people will post photos of their pets, their holidays or their social life — but in recent years, posting photos of the food that we eat conveys to the viewer something about the person posting, their personality and mental state. If someone posts photos of a meal that they have just cooked, the message they’re trying to convey is that they are a capable person. For example, if someone is on a health kick, they often seek social approval. If they’ve made a really healthy meal, they will typically post it with hashtags like diet or health, which tie into other people’s experiences. ___18___ There is also a growing trend of people taking photos of their food when they dine out at a restaurant. ___19___ These Instagrammers often tag places that are considered selective or to have a certain clientele (顾客群), like celebrities — to indicate that they’re a person of worth. It feeds into their need for social approval and is a way of boosting their own self-confidence. If people are on a diet or trying to eat a bit better, they can use platforms like Instagram to track what they’ve been eating. It’s a way of motivating other people as well as holding themselves responsible, while subconsciously saying, “____20____” Sharing the diet is a way of both getting attention and taking responsibility from a wider audience. A. There are some reasons to post photos online. B. I’m the sort of person who takes care of myself. C. I would take responsibility seriously in my diet. D. It’s the same idea as wanting to feel part of a community. E. The types of content we choose to post hold significance. F. It generally implies an attempt to associate with luxury and taste. G. We have a fundamental need to be part of something bigger than ourselves. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was during dinner that Moss Hills began to realise just how severe the storm was. The ship’s waiters,____21____completely good at carrying drinks and food without spilling (洒) anything, were struggling. Moss, a guitarist working on board the eruise “Oceanos” line had never seen the waiters ___22___plates before. Instantly, Moss___23___ the radio to send an SOS. “I was calling and just ___24___for somebody to answer,” Moss says. A voice eventually replied.____25____ Moss explained “Oceanos” was sinking. More than three hours passed before the first helicopter ___26___ and hovered (盘旋) above the ship. One navy diver went to organize the helicopter___27___at the back of the ship and Moss was to organize a second at the front. But as the ship___28___ ever lower beneath the waves, people began jumping off the steeply (陡) shaking deck in___29___and a rigid lifeboat had to be launched into the___30___sea to rescue them. Swinging in mid-air from the helicopter rope, people who Moss was trying to save were being___31___against parts of the ship by the strong winds. There was no way of knowing how badly they were___32___and Moss momentarily lost his nerve. But with so many people still on board, he realized he had no ___33___but to keep going. Exhausted, Moss was the last to___34___the helicopter. When the helicopter carrying Moss ___35___on the grass, passengers ran towards him cheering, and reaching out to hug him. 21. A. obviously B. normally C. especially D. unusually 22. A. dropping B. washing C. throwing D. cleaning 23. A. changed B. found C. used D. stopped 24. A. searching B. sending C. paying D. waiting 25. A. Relieved B. Frightened C. Disappointed D. Motivated 26. A. returned B. arrived C. rose D. landed 27. A. mission B. motion C. rescue D. safety 28. A. dived B. rolled C. sailed D. sank 29. A. panic B. ruins C. tum D. pairs 30. A. delightful B. rough C. shining D. misty 31. A. blown B. loaded C. pulled D. placed 32. A. pushed B. driven C. hurt D. beaten 33. A. objection B. choice C. case D. reason 34. A. miss B. overlook C. guide D. board 35. A. touched down B. hung out C. flew over D. took off 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hani Rice Terraces (梯田) are on the south banks of the Hong River. ___36___ (respond) to the difficulties and opportunities of their environment of high mountains, narrow valleys, ___37___ (extreme) high rainfall and sub-tropical valley climate, the Hani people have created this complex system of irrigated (灌溉) rice terraces that flows around the mountains. The landscape reflects ___38___ integrated four-fold system of forests, water supply. terraces and houses. The mountain top forests are the lifeblood of the terraces in sustaining the water needed for irrigation. Cracks in the rocks channel the rain, and sandstone traps the water and then releases it as ___39___ (spring). Channels spread this water around the terraces in and between different valleys. Eighty-two relatively small villages are constructed above the terraces. The buildings have walls ___40___ (build) of earth and stone under a roof covered with straw that gives the houses a distinctive “mushroom” shape. Half the houses in the villages are mainly ___41___ partly of traditional materials. Each household ___42___ (farm) one or two “plots” of the terraces. Red rice___43___ (produce) on the basis of a complex and integrated farming and breeding system involving buffalo, ducks and fish. Hani Rice Terraces are an ___44___ (exception) reflection of a land management system that demonstrates an extraordinary harmony between people and their environment ___45___ spiritual, ecological and visual terms. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你们班开展了以“How often meals are skipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 During my time in primary school, I was an active participant in sports and games. I was good at athletics and particularly excelled in long jump and sprinting (短跑). My abilities led me to win the B Division long jump competition, and I was chosen to represent my school in the District Sports Meet for both the long jump and relay events. The Sports Meet spanned across two days. On the first day, I didn’t have any scheduled events, so I eagerly watched other athletes competing. Tents were set up for the participants. My school team was assigned the last tent, which happened to be the furthest one from the track. Despite the less than-ideal location, we made the most out of it. The second day arrived, and it was finally time for my events. The long jump took place in the early afternoon, followed by the highly anticipated 8×50 m relay later in the day. As the long jump competition began, I realized the competition was fierce. Though I managed a respectable jump of 3. 65 meters, I was amazed by another participant, a ten-year-old, who effortlessly cleared over 4 meters. Adding to the challenge, this remarkable young athlete also wore spikes (钉子鞋), which gave him an advantage over the rest of us. Despite finishing in fourth place, narrowly missing out on a medal, I stayed positive. However, I still had hope for the 8×50 m relay, where I was assigned to run the fifth leg and pass the baton (接力棒). Finally, the race day arrived. With anticipation building, we took our positions on the track. As the starter’s gun rang, a wave of excitement swept over me. I closely. followed the progress of my teammates in the earlier legs, and to my thrill, we were among the top competitors, firmly securing at least second place. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As my turn arrived, I grasped the baton and began to run. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although my accident had indeed cost us precious time our team’s spirit remained unshaken. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$