精品解析：四川省广安友实学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

广安友实学校高2022级2024—2025学年上期定时检测 英 语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 本试卷选择题答案请涂在答题卡上, 主观题填写在答卷上的相应位置。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man’s job now? A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Preparing for a party. C. Eating out in a restaurant. 3. When will the woman come to the man’s party? A. At 7: 40 p. m. B. At 8: 00 p. m. C. At 8: 20 p.m. 4. How much will the woman pay for the glasses? A. $90. B. $150. C. $240. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Nurse and patient. C. Teacher and student. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6 How did Xiao save money? A. By buying no clothes. B. By sharing food with friends. C. By buying second-hand houses. 7. When did Xiao buy her first house? A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 27. C. At the age of 33. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8 How does the woman feel about most sports? A. Bored. B. Frightened. C. Excited. 9. What does the woman suggest doing finally? A. Skiing. B. Skating. C. Jogging. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What does the woman want to do? A. Change a new TV. B. Cancel the TV service. C. Add more TV channels. 11. What does the man suggest doing? A. Watching less TV. B. Keeping more channels. C. Trying a cheaper package. 12. What do we know about the woman’s husband? A. He has lost his job. B. He seldom watches TV. C. He works in a fire station. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What were the kids doing in the pool? A. Having a diving class. B. Performing first aid. C. Practising a board game. 14. Why did the woman jump in the pool? A. To show her skill. B. To save a girl. C. To go for a swim. 15. Who called for an ambulance? A. The instructor. B. The woman. C. A student. 16. What do we know about the girl? A. She lost her memory forever. B. She quarreled with her parents. C. She forgot what had happened. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How long did the two men spend at sea? A. One week. B. About 20 days. C. About one month. 18. What was the two men’s attitude toward their adventure? A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. 19. What did the two men eat to survive? A. Fish. B. Seabirds. C. Oranges. 20. Who saved the two men? A. A fisherman B. The local government. C. A search and rescue team. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满37.5分) A Four of the world’s greatest national parks Komodo Location: Indonesia Area: 1, 733km2 Home to the world’s largest lizard (蜥蜴), the Komodo dragon, Komodo National Park is made up of 29 islands in the centre of the Indonesian archipelago (群岛). The park’s three main islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar make ideal destinations for divers, as the surrounding coral reefs support a vast amount of oceanic diversity. With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more. Namib-Naukluft Location：Namibia Area: 49, 768km2 In the world’s oldest desert, the landscape moves. The golden dunes shift as winds blow and seasons pass. Visitors come to explore the dunes and it can be a real adventure. Jump in a 4×4 or hike across the sands on foot for a multi-day trail and you’ll soon find yourself deep in the Namibian wilderness. You’ll need a permit and doctor’s letter to take on the longer hikes, but one-day hikes give anyone a chance to see more of the Namib. Tongariro Location: New Zealand Area: 795km2 As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes. And here’s the Tongariro. Alpine Crossing, a 19.4-kilometre hike that takes you across beautiful landscapes. This park also draws in skiers during the winter seasons. The biggest ski area, Whakapapa, covers 5.5km2 and has 15 lifts in all. Teide Location: Tenerife, Spain Area: 190km2 This park is home to Mount Teide, the highest peak in Spain. With a height of 3,718 metres, Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. Besides, Teide National Park possesses unique plants. The most unusual among the 139 recorded species is red bugloss, which has become the symbol of the park. 1. What can visitors do in Komodo National Park? A. Hike across the biggest ski area Whakapapa. B. Go diving on its 29 islands. C. Have an up-close encounter with ocean life. D. Play with the Komodo dragon. 2. Which of the following parks is the biggest? A. Teide National Park. B. Komodo National Park. C. Tongariro National Park. D. Namib-Naukluft National Park. 3. What do the last two parks have in common? A. Both are well-known for their volcanoes. B. Both own more than 100 plant species. C. Both ate perfect choices for skiers. D. Both feature golden dunes. B Lindsey Stallworth, a high school student from Alabama, is on her way to a promising career in paleontology (古生物学) due to an unexpected discovery on family property. For years, she had been collecting fossils on their land in Monroe County, unaware of significant scientific value. However, her teacher at the Alabama School of Math and Science, Dr. Andrew Gentry, a paleontologist himself, took an interest when she showed him her collection. “Upon examining the fossil shark teeth Lindsey presented, I quickly identified one and became eager to learn about its origin,” said Andrew. Lindsey guided her teacher through the rural area where she had unearthed various relics, including shark teeth. Before long, they encountered an especially significant find on the grounds: a large bone from a 34-million-year-old whale skeleton! This led the pair to launch the huge project of uncovering the rest of the bones. After two months of hard work, they’ve managed to find the animal’s skull (颅骨). “Assuming the entire skeleton is present, it may require several years for us to have the entire animal back in the lab,” Andrew explained. Lindsey secured a research scholarship to persist in her fossil-digging expeditions alongside her instructor. Her enthusiasm for the project was at an all-time high, though she had never imagined a childhood pastime would lead her down this road. “We would go out and pick up shark teeth and fossil shells, but we never knew anyone that could tell us anything about them,” she recalled. “We just thought they were cool.” “The Research Fellows Program allows Lindsey to gain real-world experience in scientific research and even present that research at professional conferences,” Andrew said. “It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for a high school student to stand out when applying to college and maybe even discover a new career path.” 4. Why was Andrew fascinated by Lindsey’s finds? A. He had a personal interest in geography. B. He recognized the significance of one fossil. C. He was hoping to be financially independent. D. He wanted to start a paleontology club at school. 5. What inspired Andrew and Lindsey to start a fossil uncovering project? A. A primitive whale’s bone. B. Some fossil shells. C. An animal’s skull. D. Some shark teeth. 6. Which of the following best describes Andrew and Lindsey’s project? A. Risky but interesting. B. Dangerous but rewarding. C. Demanding but motivating. D. Boring but groundbreaking. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A The unexpected joy of discovering fossils. B. The additional benefits of applying to college. C. Lindsey’s potential to become a high school teacher. D. Lindsey’s unique opportunities for future development. C Although most diets vary according to what foods you can eat, they all follow the same principle of restriction to lose weight—you need to eat less. The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts. The concept was first proposed in the mid-90s by registered dietitians Elyse Resch and Evelyn Tribole, who wrote Intuitive Eating. The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy. You’re encouraged to also give yourself “permission” to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and “bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices. One of the biggest misunderstandings around intuitive eating is that nutrition goes out the window. Curiously, researches shows that in a traditional diet, caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge(放纵), where the body’s primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation(自我节制), which leads to disordered eating patterns. However, because intuitive eating allows all foods on the table, practitioners can make small, slow changes that ultimately are more long-lasting-toward eating more nutritionally. There isn’t strong research to back up claims that intuitive eating helps with losing weight or eating more-nutritious food. However, in Keller’s experience, a registered dietitian in Calgary, intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters. Keller says, “When people decide to diet, what they actually want is to feel comfortable and confident and healthy in their own body. People have to be ready to overcome their constant desire to lose weight and control their body, and to realize that changing how they look on the outside isn’t going to change those things on the inside. ” 8. What do we know about intuitive eating? A. It helps followers to lose weight by eating less. B. It prohibits followers from eating what they like. C. It encourages eaters to be on a diet to be healthy. D. It advises eaters to be healthier by exercising more. 9. What does the underlined phrase “goes out the window” mean in the third paragraph? A. Exports. B. Disappears. C. Destroys. D. Distributes. 10. What is the Keller’s attitude to intuitive eating? A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Does intuitive eating beat a conventional diet? B. How does intuitive eating work? C. Will intuitive eating help lose more weight? D. Should we bother to lose weight? D When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering. Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars. Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track. How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away? 12. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do? A. Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver. C. Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology. 13. What is the problem with self-driving cars? A They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers. C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time. 14. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing? A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles. C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world. 15. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph? A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market. C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings. 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Take a Break from Technology In today's world we are constantly surrounded by technology. It’s true to say that technology makes our lives easier. ____16____Otherwise we put ourselves at risk of developing hundreds of health problems. Over the summer the days are longer, sunnier and free from school. With all this free time, why not put it to good use and do something that doesn't involve technology? ____17____There are hundreds of possibilities: crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport. Maybe you’ve always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time? Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn? You could use your free time to learn something new. ___18___ If you just fancy relaxing, why not head to a beach? Take along your favourite book and relax on the sand or go for a walk along the coastline (just make sure you're aware of the tides!). If you don't live near a beach, you could go to your local park. ___19___ Whatever you choose to do with your summer, try something new!____20____Also, you might make new friends along the way. Next time you find yourself aimlessly channel -hopping, have a think at what else you could spend your time doing. A. To start with, you could learn a new skill. B. Technology has become an important part of our lives. C. And perhaps it’ll lead to an exciting opportunity in the future. D. You might surprise yourself and find a hidden talent within you. E. Why not take along a picnic, or try and identify some of the local wildlife? F. However, increasingly scientists are saying that we need to give ourselves a break. G. In our increasingly technology-driven world, have we become addicted to technology? 第三部分 语言运用（共30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he____21____his car to call 911. Then he____22____a U-turn, circling back to take another look. Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines____23____, Grant rushed to a side____24____and ran up the stairs. On the second floor, he____25____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one____26____and he assumed that people had already____27____. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant____28____a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a____29____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's_____30_____!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and_____31_____the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was_____32_____outside, the only_____33_____in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the_____34_____and they rushed into the smoky building. Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their_____35_____. 21. A. drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandoned 22. A. saw B. made C. missed D. crossed 23. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting 24. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window 25. A. locked B. kicked C. counted D. repaired 26. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood 27. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped 28. A. skipped B. closed C. noticed D. remembered 29. A. frightened B. curious C. patient D. grateful 30. A. turn back B. go up C. get out D. lie down 31. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing 32. A. safely B. secretly C. suddenly D. previously 33. A. witness B. guide C. service D. help 34. A. woman B. door C. car D. baby 35. A. wisdom B. generosity C. honesty D. courage 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 What do the Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan and the Chengde Mountain Resort all have in common? All these Qing-dynasty architectural marvels, along with many others, ______36______(build) by members of the same family-the Lei family. For seven generations, the Lei family quietly dominated imperial architecture. Their designs were admirable, ______37______(vary) from grand buildings to public works, such as roads and dams. So incredible was their skill _____38_____ many of their buildings survived earthquakes and remained standing over hundreds of years. The Lei family_____39_____(be) also pioneering engineers, who used a grid system to plan their projects _____40_____ minute detail. They took careful notes and made models of their projects, the majority of _____41_____ have survived to this day and are registered as part of UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme. In addition to their architectural achievements the Lei family showed diligence and humility. Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook____42____(ambition) projects, and they took years to complete. Yet they did not seek fame, and even today, their great works are associated more_____43_____ the imperial court than with them. With their_____44_____(remark) skills, innovation, diligence and humility, the Lei family leave behind their buildings and the legacy that true craftwork is ______45______ treasure that can last beyond a lifetime. 第三节 品句填词 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 利用选修三前三个单元所学，根据首字母，中文提示，用对应单词的适当形式或根据填空, 并在答题卡上填出完整单词 46. Hours are spent every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking the phone because each “like” b_____ my confidence.(根据首字母单词拼写) 47. It’s true that inner beauty is important, but external beauty shouldn’t _____(overlook). (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Hi, everyone, ________ leaves the classroom last ought to turn off the lights. (用适当的词填空) 49. At the very beginning of senior 3, a proper _______ (motivate) is undoubtedly required. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The new generation of artisans will not only p_______ traditional skills; the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure the art of clock repairing stands the test of time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. If he went to a ________(名人) party, he was there to work rather than have fun. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and ____________(潜力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Li Bai grew up in a time of economic boom and social stability, the most _______ (glory) period of the Tang Dynasty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. Scientists think they are beginning to break _____ in the fight against cancer(用适当的词填空) 55. Yang recalled, “Lianda laid the __________(基础) for every achievement I have made”. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节(满分25分) 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Whenever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did. Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids’ group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, who were always chanting “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti (意大利面 )”. Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. God knew how she wished the ground to crack and swallow her! Catherine didn’t really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti”. But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular. One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather for Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a peculiar one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare! “What’s the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking (啄) order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies.” “Oh, what a poor little thing!” Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. “I’m going to take it home and take good care of it,” she said with a determined look. Back in school, Catherine told the cool kids about the chicken. “It’s looking healthy,” she said proudly. “It’s fatter and its feathers are growing. Even the cat likes it. She carries it around the garden, and...” Everyone was entertained by Catherine’s story of her lovely chicken, laughter lingering around the classroom. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1. Then Catherine spotted Landy sitting by herself in a corner. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2. But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5CBCBB 6-10ABBCB 11-15CAABC 16-20CCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广安友实学校高2022级2024—2025学年上期定时检测 英 语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 本试卷选择题答案请涂在答题卡上, 主观题填写在答卷上的相应位置。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man’s job now? A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Preparing for a party. C. Eating out in a restaurant. 3. When will the woman come to the man’s party? A. At 7: 40 p. m. B. At 8: 00 p. m. C. At 8: 20 p.m. 4. How much will the woman pay for the glasses? A. $90. B. $150. C. $240. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Nurse and patient. C. Teacher and student. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. How did Xiao save money? A. By buying no clothes. B. By sharing food with friends. C. By buying second-hand houses. 7. When did Xiao buy her first house? A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 27. C. At the age of 33. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. How does the woman feel about most sports? A. Bored. B. Frightened. C. Excited. 9. What does the woman suggest doing finally? A. Skiing. B. Skating. C. Jogging. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What does the woman want to do? A. Change a new TV. B. Cancel the TV service. C. Add more TV channels. 11. What does the man suggest doing? A. Watching less TV. B. Keeping more channels. C. Trying a cheaper package. 12. What do we know about the woman’s husband? A. He has lost his job. B. He seldom watches TV. C. He works in a fire station. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What were the kids doing in the pool? A. Having a diving class. B. Performing first aid. C. Practising a board game. 14. Why did the woman jump in the pool? A. To show her skill. B. To save a girl. C. To go for a swim. 15. Who called for an ambulance? A. The instructor. B. The woman. C. A student. 16. What do we know about the girl? A. She lost her memory forever. B. She quarreled with her parents. C. She forgot what had happened. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How long did the two men spend at sea? A. One week. B. About 20 days. C. About one month. 18. What was the two men’s attitude toward their adventure? A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. 19. What did the two men eat to survive? A. Fish. B. Seabirds. C. Oranges. 20. Who saved the two men? A. A fisherman B. The local government. C. A search and rescue team. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满37.5分) A Four of the world’s greatest national parks Komodo Location: Indonesia Area: 1, 733km2 Home to the world’s largest lizard (蜥蜴), the Komodo dragon, Komodo National Park is made up of 29 islands in the centre of the Indonesian archipelago (群岛). The park’s three main islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar make ideal destinations for divers, as the surrounding coral reefs support a vast amount of oceanic diversity. With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more. Namib-Naukluft Location：Namibia Area: 49, 768km2 In the world’s oldest desert, the landscape moves. The golden dunes shift as winds blow and seasons pass. Visitors come to explore the dunes and it can be a real adventure. Jump in a 4×4 or hike across the sands on foot for a multi-day trail and you’ll soon find yourself deep in the Namibian wilderness. You’ll need a permit and doctor’s letter to take on the longer hikes, but one-day hikes give anyone a chance to see more of the Namib. Tongariro Location: New Zealand Area: 795km2 As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes. And here’s the Tongariro. Alpine Crossing, a 19.4-kilometre hike that takes you across beautiful landscapes. This park also draws in skiers during the winter seasons. The biggest ski area, Whakapapa, covers 5.5km2 and has 15 lifts in all. Teide Location: Tenerife, Spain Area: 190km2 This park is home to Mount Teide, the highest peak in Spain. With a height of 3,718 metres, Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet. Besides, Teide National Park possesses unique plants. The most unusual among the 139 recorded species is red bugloss, which has become the symbol of the park. 1. What can visitors do in Komodo National Park? A. Hike across the biggest ski area Whakapapa. B. Go diving on its 29 islands. C. Have an up-close encounter with ocean life. D. Play with the Komodo dragon. 2. Which of the following parks is the biggest? A. Teide National Park. B. Komodo National Park. C. Tongariro National Park. D. Namib-Naukluft National Park. 3. What do the last two parks have in common? A. Both are well-known for their volcanoes. B. Both own more than 100 plant species. C. Both ate perfect choices for skiers. D. Both feature golden dunes. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最大的四个国家公园。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Komodo中的“With over 1, 000 species of fish, 260 species of coral, and countless sea animals, this is an ideal spot to swim with sharks, whales, dolphins and more. (这里有1000多种鱼类、260种珊瑚和数不清的海洋动物，是与鲸鱼、海豚等一起游泳的理想场所。)”可知，游客在科莫多国家公园可以近距离接触海洋生物。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章每一部分的开头进行判断。“Komodo Area:1,733 km2 (Komodo 面积：1733平方公里)”，“Namib-Naukluft Area: 49,768km2(Namib-Naukluft 面积：49768平方公里)，“Tongariro Area:795km2 (Tongariro面积：795平方公里)”，“Teide Area:190km2 (Teide 面积：190平方公里)”可知，Namib-Naukluft国家公园是最大的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tongariro中的“As New Zealand’s oldest national park, Tongariro National Park is home to three active volcanoes.(作为新西兰最古老的国家公园，Tongariro国家公园是三座活火山的所在地。)”以及Teide中的“Mount Teide is also the third largest volcanic structure on the planet.  (Teide山也是地球上第三大火山结构。)”可知，最后两个公园有的共同点是两者都以火山闻名。故选A。 B Lindsey Stallworth, a high school student from Alabama, is on her way to a promising career in paleontology (古生物学) due to an unexpected discovery on family property. For years, she had been collecting fossils on their land in Monroe County, unaware of significant scientific value. However, her teacher at the Alabama School of Math and Science, Dr. Andrew Gentry, a paleontologist himself, took an interest when she showed him her collection. “Upon examining the fossil shark teeth Lindsey presented, I quickly identified one and became eager to learn about its origin,” said Andrew. Lindsey guided her teacher through the rural area where she had unearthed various relics, including shark teeth. Before long, they encountered an especially significant find on the grounds: a large bone from a 34-million-year-old whale skeleton! This led the pair to launch the huge project of uncovering the rest of the bones. After two months of hard work, they’ve managed to find the animal’s skull (颅骨). “Assuming the entire skeleton is present, it may require several years for us to have the entire animal back in the lab,” Andrew explained. Lindsey secured a research scholarship to persist in her fossil-digging expeditions alongside her instructor. Her enthusiasm for the project was at an all-time high, though she had never imagined a childhood pastime would lead her down this road. “We would go out and pick up shark teeth and fossil shells, but we never knew anyone that could tell us anything about them,” she recalled. “We just thought they were cool.” “The Research Fellows Program allows Lindsey to gain real-world experience in scientific research and even present that research at professional conferences,” Andrew said. “It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for a high school student to stand out when applying to college and maybe even discover a new career path.” 4. Why was Andrew fascinated by Lindsey’s finds? A. He had a personal interest in geography. B. He recognized the significance of one fossil. C. He was hoping to be financially independent. D. He wanted to start a paleontology club at school. 5. What inspired Andrew and Lindsey to start a fossil uncovering project? A. A primitive whale’s bone. B. Some fossil shells. C. An animal’s skull. D. Some shark teeth. 6. Which of the following best describes Andrew and Lindsey’s project? A. Risky but interesting. B. Dangerous but rewarding. C. Demanding but motivating. D. Boring but groundbreaking. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The unexpected joy of discovering fossils. B. The additional benefits of applying to college. C. Lindsey’s potential to become a high school teacher. D. Lindsey’s unique opportunities for future development. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alabama高中学生Lindsey Stallworth在自家土地上意外发现了3400万年前的鲸鱼化石，与其古生物学家老师Andrew Gentry共同挖掘研究，这一经历帮助她开启古生物学职业生涯。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“For years, she had been collecting fossils on their land in Monroe County, unaware of significant scientific value. However, her teacher at the Alabama School of Math and Science, Dr. Andrew Gentry, a paleontologist himself, took an interest when she showed him her collection.(多年来，她一直在门罗县的土地上收集化石，却不知道这些化石具有重大的科学价值。然而，当她向阿拉巴马州数学与科学学院的老师、古生物学家安德鲁·金特里博士展示她的藏品时，他很感兴趣)”以及第二段““Upon examining the fossil shark teeth Lindsey presented, I quickly identified one and became eager to learn about its origin,” said Andrew.(安德鲁说：“在检查了林赛展示的鲨鱼牙齿化石后，我很快发现了一颗，并渴望了解它的起源。”)”可推知，安德鲁对林赛的发现如此着迷是因为他认识到了一块化石的重要性。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Before long, they encountered an especially significant find on the grounds: a large bone from a 34-million-year-old whale skeleton! This led the pair to launch the huge project of uncovering the rest of the bones.(不久，他们在地面上发现了一个特别重要的发现：一块来自3400万年前鲸鱼骨架的大骨头！这促使两人启动了揭开其余骨头的巨大项目)” 可知，一块原始鲸鱼的骨头激发了安德鲁和林赛开始化石发掘项目。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““Assuming the entire skeleton is present, it may require several years for us to have the entire animal back in the lab,” Andrew explained.(安德鲁解释说：“假设整个骨骼都存在，我们可能需要几年时间才能将整个动物带回实验室。”)”以及第五段“Lindsey secured a research scholarship to persist in her fossil-digging expeditions alongside her instructor. Her enthusiasm for the project was at an all-time high, though she had never imagined a childhood pastime would lead her down this road. “We would go out and pick up shark teeth and fossil shells, but we never knew anyone that could tell us anything about them,” she recalled. “We just thought they were cool.”(林赛获得了一项研究奖学金，与她的导师一起坚持她的化石挖掘探险。她对这个项目的热情达到了历史最高点，尽管她从未想过童年的消遣会引领她走上这条路。她回忆道：“我们会出去捡鲨鱼牙齿和化石贝壳，但我们从来不知道有人能告诉我们任何关于它们的事情。”。“我们只是觉得它们很酷。”)”可知，两人的项目可能需要几年时间，是要求高的，但林赛对项目充满热情，两人都觉得挖掘出来的化石很酷，由此可推知，这一项目是激励人心的。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段““The Research Fellows Program allows Lindsey to gain real-world experience in scientific research and even present that research at professional conferences,” Andrew said. “It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for a high school student to stand out when applying to college and maybe even discover a new career path.”(安德鲁说：“研究员计划使林赛能够获得科学研究的实际经验，甚至在专业会议上展示这项研究。”。“对于高中生来说，这是一个千载难逢的机会，在申请大学时脱颖而出，甚至可能发现一条新的职业道路。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了林赛未来发展可能拥有的独特机会。故选D项。 C Although most diets vary according to what foods you can eat, they all follow the same principle of restriction to lose weight—you need to eat less. The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts. The concept was first proposed in the mid-90s by registered dietitians Elyse Resch and Evelyn Tribole, who wrote Intuitive Eating. The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy. You’re encouraged to also give yourself “permission” to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and “bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices. One of the biggest misunderstandings around intuitive eating is that nutrition goes out the window. Curiously, researches shows that in a traditional diet, caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge(放纵), where the body’s primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation(自我节制), which leads to disordered eating patterns. However, because intuitive eating allows all foods on the table, practitioners can make small, slow changes that ultimately are more long-lasting-toward eating more nutritionally. There isn’t strong research to back up claims that intuitive eating helps with losing weight or eating more-nutritious food. However, in Keller’s experience, a registered dietitian in Calgary, intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters. Keller says, “When people decide to diet, what they actually want is to feel comfortable and confident and healthy in their own body. People have to be ready to overcome their constant desire to lose weight and control their body, and to realize that changing how they look on the outside isn’t going to change those things on the inside. ” 8. What do we know about intuitive eating? A. It helps followers to lose weight by eating less. B. It prohibits followers from eating what they like. C. It encourages eaters to be on a diet to be healthy. D. It advises eaters to be healthier by exercising more. 9. What does the underlined phrase “goes out the window” mean in the third paragraph? A. Exports. B. Disappears. C. Destroys. D. Distributes. 10. What is the Keller’s attitude to intuitive eating? A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Does intuitive eating beat a conventional diet? B. How does intuitive eating work? C. Will intuitive eating help lose more weight? D. Should we bother to lose weight? 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，而直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts.”（从某种意义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食: 鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy. You’re encouraged to also give yourself “permission” to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and “bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices.”（第一步是要拒绝那种认为你需要节食才能保持健康的想法。你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）可知，直觉饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，同时通过增加锻炼，进而慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，让自己变得更健康。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后句中“Curiously, researches shows that in a traditional diet, caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge(放纵), where the body’s primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation(自我节制), which leads to disordered eating patterns. ”（奇怪的是，研究表明，在传统饮食中，热量限制通常会导致暴饮暴食，在这种情况下，身体获得足够热量的主要驱动力比任何对营养或适度的渴望都更重要，这会导致饮食模式紊乱。）可知，在传统饮食中，热量限制会使得身体对获得足够热量的渴望超过对任何对营养的渴望，最终导致饮食模式紊乱。可推知，对于直觉性饮食而言，其鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法使得人们误解其可能会使得饮食中的营养缺失，所以划线词此处的和选项B“disappear”的含义“消失”相一致，故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“in Keller’s experience, a registered dietitian in Calgary, intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters. ”（根据凯勒的经验，他是卡尔加里的一名注册营养师，直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，Keller认为直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重，且直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。由此推知，对于直觉饮食他是赞同的。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Although most diets vary according to what foods you can eat, they all follow the same principle of restriction to lose weight—you need to eat less. The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is, in a sense, an anti-diet: followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel, not on prescribed limits or calorie counts.”（虽然大多数饮食根据你可以吃什么食物而有所不同，但它们都遵循同样的减肥限制原则——你需要吃得更少。从某种意义上说，现在流行的直觉饮食是一种反对节食的饮食： 鼓励追随者根据自己的感觉来决定吃什么，而不是根据规定的限制或卡路里计数。）第二段中“You’re encouraged to also give yourself “permission” to eat all foods, to reject the idea of “good” and “bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape. Finally, you help make your body healthier by adding exercise, finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices.”（你也被鼓励给自己吃所有食物的“许可”，拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法，并接受你自然的身体形状。最后，通过增加锻炼，找到比食物更好的方法来缓解情绪，慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选择，你的身体会变得更健康。）最后一段中“intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance. In addition, intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food, compared to traditional dieters. ”（直觉性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重。此外，与传统的节食者相比，直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加健康。）可知，文章主要提到相对于传统饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。因而本文主要讲述针对直觉性饮食方法的讨论，所以文章的标题可以为“直觉性饮食是否胜过传统饮食？”，故选A。 D When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering. Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars. Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track. How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away? 12. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do? A. Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver. C Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology. 13. What is the problem with self-driving cars? A. They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers. C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time. 14. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing? A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles. C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world. 15. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph? A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market. C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering. (开车时，Clara-Marina Martinez会记下她在路上看到的任何异常行为。然后，她将这些输入到机器学习算法中，这是一种人工智能，她正在帮助保时捷工程集团开发这种算法。)”及第二段“Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. (这些算法旨在产生一个足够可靠的系统，让汽车自动驾驶。)”可知，Clara-Marina Martinez将开车时的异常输入到人工智能算法中，弥补人工智能算法的不足，使其更可靠。故推知Clara-Marina Martinez打算改进人工智能技术。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. (据说自动驾驶汽车不仅方便，而且可能更安全。然而，正如人们花时间学习如何安全驾驶一样，机器也是如此。机器不是快速学习者。兰德公司计算出，要开发一个比人类驾驶员安全20%的系统，100辆自动驾驶汽车必须一年365天，每天24小时运行。)”可知，自动驾驶汽车需要长时间学习如何安全驾驶，故推知自动驾驶汽车需要很长时间才能达到一定的安全水平。所以自动驾驶汽车的问题是：需要很长时间才能达到一定的安全水平。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. (因此，保时捷等汽车制造商使用模拟器加快了开发过程。这些教会软件有关现实中很少遇到的危险。Martinez博士和她的同事使用“游戏引擎”来做到这一点。这些用于创建软件可以驱动的虚拟世界。)”可知，Martinez博士和她的同事用“游戏引擎”教会软件有关现实中很少遇到的危险，目的是使软件能够识别道路危险，故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away? (不过，从保时捷的角度来看，还有另一个问题。鉴于拥有跑车的大部分原因是为了让车主炫耀他们的驾驶技能，对于软件剥夺了那些炫耀的权利这一版本，市场会有多大？)”可知，买跑车的原因是为了炫技，但软件剥夺了车主炫技的权利，故推知保时捷公司担心跑车市场的未来，故选B。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Take a Break from Technology In today's world we are constantly surrounded by technology. It’s true to say that technology makes our lives easier. ____16____Otherwise we put ourselves at risk of developing hundreds of health problems. Over the summer the days are longer, sunnier and free from school. With all this free time, why not put it to good use and do something that doesn't involve technology? ____17____There are hundreds of possibilities: crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport. Maybe you’ve always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time? Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn? You could use your free time to learn something new. ___18___ If you just fancy relaxing, why not head to a beach? Take along your favourite book and relax on the sand or go for a walk along the coastline (just make sure you're aware of the tides!). If you don't live near a beach, you could go to your local park. ___19___ Whatever you choose to do with your summer, try something new!____20____Also, you might make new friends along the way. Next time you find yourself aimlessly channel -hopping, have a think at what else you could spend your time doing. A. To start with, you could learn a new skill. B. Technology has become an important part of our lives. C. And perhaps it’ll lead to an exciting opportunity in the future. D. You might surprise yourself and find a hidden talent within you. E. Why not take along a picnic, or try and identify some of the local wildlife? F. However, increasingly scientists are saying that we need to give ourselves a break. G. In our increasingly technology-driven world, have we become addicted to technology? 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述在科技发达的今天要学会从中放松自己。 【16题详解】 上文“In today's world we are constantly surrounded by technology. It's true to say that technology makes our lives easier（在当今世界，我们一直被科技所包围。科技使我们的生活更容易，这是事实）”说明科技给我们带来好处，下文“Otherwise we put ourselves at risk of developing hundreds of health problems. Over the summer the days are longer, sunnier and free from school. With all this free time, why not put it to good use and do something that doesn't involve technology?（否则我们就会把自己置于数百种健康问题的危险之中。夏天白天更长，阳光更充足，而且不用上学。有这么多空闲时间，为什么不好好利用，做一些不涉及科技的事情呢？)”提倡做一些不涉及科技的事情，说明设空处应与上文形成转折关系。F项“However, increasingly scientists are saying that we need to give ourselves a break.（然而，越来越多的科学家表示，我们需要让自己休息一下）”符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 下文“There are hundreds of possibilities: crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport. Maybe you’ve always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time? Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn?（有成百上千的可能性：手工艺、烹饪、学习一种乐器或一项新的运动。也许你一直想尝试一下这个食谱，但一直没有时间？也许你想学编织，这样秋天就能有一件新毛衣了？）”讲述的是可以学习的新技能。设空处位于段首，起开启下文的作用。A项“To start with, you could learn a new skill.（首先，你可以学习一项新技能）”符合语境，下文提到的“crafts, cooking, learning a musical instrument or a new sport”等，就是新技能的举例说明。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“Maybe you’ve always wanted to try out that recipe, but haven't had time? Perhaps you fancy learning how to knit, so you can have a new sweater for the autumn? You could use your free time to learn something new.（也许你一直想尝试一下这个食谱，但一直没有时间？也许你想学编织，这样秋天就能有一件新毛衣了？你可以利用空闲时间学点新东西）”讲述的是学习新技能的可能性。设空处位于段尾，承接上文所讲。C项“And perhaps it’ll lead to an exciting opportunity in the future.（也许这会在将来带来一个令人兴奋的机会）”符合语境，与上文句式相同，and和perhaps是关键词。故选C。 【19题详解】 上文“If you just fancy relaxing, why not head to a beach? Take along your favourite book and relax on the sand or go for a walk along the coastline (just make sure you're aware of the tides!). If you don't live near a beach, you could go to your local park.（如果你只想放松一下，为什么不去海滩呢？带上你最喜欢的书，在沙滩上放松，或者沿着海岸线散步（只是要确保你知道潮汐！）如果你不住在海滩附近，你可以去附近的公园）”讲述的是户外放松的方式。设空处承接上文，可能推荐不在海滩附近的放松方式。E项“Why not take along a picnic, or try and identify some of the local wildlife?（为什么不去野餐，或者尝试辨认一些当地的野生动物呢？）”符合语境，其中“Why not take along”与上文一致。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“Whatever you choose to do with your summer, try something new!（不管你夏天选择做什么，尝试一些新的东西吧！）”讲述的是夏天的时候尝试做一些新的事。下文“ Also, you might make new friends along the way. Next time you find yourself aimlessly channel -hopping, have a think at what else you could spend your time doing.（同时，你可能会在这个过程中交到新朋友。下次当你发现自己漫无目的地换台时，想想看你还能把时间花在什么事情上）”讲述的是打发时间时可以想一想做些其他的事。设空处位于段中，承上启下。D项“You might surprise yourself and find a hidden talent within you.（你可能会让自己惊讶，发现你隐藏的才能）”符合语境，hidden talent呼应上文的something new。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he____21____his car to call 911. Then he____22____a U-turn, circling back to take another look. Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames（火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines____23____, Grant rushed to a side____24____and ran up the stairs. On the second floor, he____25____every apartment door. "Get out!" Grant shouted, No one____26____and he assumed that people had already____27____. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant____28____a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a____29____woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. "Let's_____30_____!" he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching（抓牢）the baby to his chest and_____31_____the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was_____32_____outside, the only_____33_____in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the_____34_____and they rushed into the smoky building. Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their_____35_____. 21. A. drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandoned 22. A. saw B. made C. missed D. crossed 23. A. burning B. leaving C. approaching D. waiting 24. A. entrance B. road C. building D. window 25. A. locked B. kicked C. counted D. repaired 26. A. agreed B. cared C. responded D. understood 27. A. arrived B. returned C. hidden D. escaped 28. A. skipped B. closed C. noticed D. remembered 29. A. frightened B. curious C. patient D. grateful 30. A. turn back B. go up C. get out D. lie down 31. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing 32. A. safely B. secretly C. suddenly D. previously 33 A. witness B. guide C. service D. help 34. A. woman B. door C. car D. baby 35. A. wisdom B. generosity C. honesty D. courage 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟并且楼上窗户喷火，他就冲上楼救了两个孩子，并且告诉警察上面还有一个女人，于是女人也获救了。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉姆·格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时，他停下车打911。A. drove驾驶；B. stopped停下来；C. reached到达；D. abandoned抛弃。分析可知，大楼冒黑烟是着火了，所以停下车去拨打911报警符合题意，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他掉头，绕回来再看一眼。A. saw看；B. made做；C. missed错过；D. crossed交叉；横过。make a U-turn意为掉头，固定搭配。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. burning燃烧；B. leaving离开；C. approaching接近；D. waiting等待。分析可知，火焰都已经从二楼喷出来，并且可以看出格兰特跑上楼梯去救火，可以推测是因为消防车没来，此处approaching表示接近，符合题意，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. entrance入口；B. road路；C. building楼；D. window窗户。根据语境可知，二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来所以格兰特冲到侧门是为了救火，符合题意，side entrance侧门。故选 A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门。A. locked锁；B. kicked踢；C. counted计算；D. repaired修。根据上文可知，大楼着火了。格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合题意，是为了看里面是否有人。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. agreed同意；B. cared照顾；C. responded回应；D. understood理解。分析可知，格兰特踢门问里面是否有人，再结合后面他认为人已经逃走了可以判断出是没有人回应他。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. arrived到达；B. returned返回；C. hidden藏；D. escaped逃离。分析可知，格兰特踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为人们已经逃走（escaped）符合题意，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达走廊尽头时，格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。A. skipped跳；B. closed关闭；C. noticed注意；D. remembered记得。分析可知，上文格兰特以为人们都逃走了，并且格兰特是来救人的，所以格兰特注意到一扇半开的们符合题意，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把它踢得很宽，发现一个坐在轮椅上的吓坏了的女人，她带着一个小男孩和一个小婴儿。A. frightened害怕的；B. curious好奇的；C. patient耐心的；D. grateful感谢的。分析可知，发生了火灾，所以女人是害怕的符合题意，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们出去吧！”他大声喊道。A. turn back返回；B. go up上升；C. get out出去；D. lie down躺下。分析可知，格兰特找到了被困人员，所以要带他们出去符合句意，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑去。A. following跟随；B. dragging拖；C. examining测试；D. passing通过。分析可知，要救他们出去，所以拖着男孩跑出去符合题意，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地到外面时，唯一看得见的帮助就是一个警察。A. safely安全地；B. secretly秘密地；C. suddenly突然地；D. previously以前地。分析可知，格兰特把被困人员救了出来，所以只有安全地到达外面符合题意，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他安全地在外面时，看得见的唯一能够帮忙的人就是一个警察。A. witness目击者；B. guide指南；C. service服务；D. help帮助。分析可知，警察是提供帮助的，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特告诉他那个女人（还在里面），他们冲进烟雾弥漫的大楼。A. woman女人；B. door门；C. car车；D. baby婴儿。分析可知，格兰特把婴儿和男孩救出来了，女人还没有出来，所以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面，符合题意，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他们的勇气而受到表彰。A. wisdom智慧；B. generosity慷慨；C. honesty诚实；D. courage勇气。分析可知，警察和格兰特冲进大火里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的勇气而受到表彰符合题意，故选D。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 What do the Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan and the Chengde Mountain Resort all have in common? All these Qing-dynasty architectural marvels, along with many others, ______36______(build) by members of the same family-the Lei family. For seven generations, the Lei family quietly dominated imperial architecture. Their designs were admirable, ______37______(vary) from grand buildings to public works, such as roads and dams. So incredible was their skill _____38_____ many of their buildings survived earthquakes and remained standing over hundreds of years. The Lei family_____39_____(be) also pioneering engineers, who used a grid system to plan their projects _____40_____ minute detail. They took careful notes and made models of their projects, the majority of _____41_____ have survived to this day and are registered as part of UNESCO’s Memory of the World Programme. In addition to their architectural achievements, the Lei family showed diligence and humility. Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook____42____(ambition) projects, and they took years to complete. Yet they did not seek fame, and even today, their great works are associated more_____43_____ the imperial court than with them. With their_____44_____(remark) skills, innovation, diligence and humility, the Lei family leave behind their buildings and the legacy that true craftwork is ______45______ treasure that can last beyond a lifetime. 【答案】36. were built 37. varying 38. that 39. were##are 40. in 41. which 42. ambitious 43. with 44. remarkable 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了清代雷氏家族建筑传承七代的成就以及他们对皇家建筑风格的影响。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：所有这些清代的建筑奇迹，以及许多其他的，都是由同一个家族——雷氏家族的成员建造的。主语All these Qing-dynasty architectural marvels是复数，与空处是被动关系，且讲述的是过去的事情用一般过去时，故填were built。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：他们的设计令人钦佩，从宏伟的建筑到公共工程，如道路和水坝。vary与前文名词designs之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填varying。 【38题详解】 考查结果状语从句的引导词。句意：他们的技术是如此令人难以置信，以至于他们的许多建筑在地震中幸存下来，并且屹立了数百年。so...that...是固定句型，意为“如此…… 以至于……”，此处为结果状语从句，故填that。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：雷氏家族也是工程师的先驱，他们使用网格系统来详细规划他们的项目。根据句意，陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，或此句表示客观事实，可用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填were/are。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：雷氏家族也是工程师的先驱，他们使用网格系统来详细规划他们的项目。in minute detail是固定搭配，意为“详细地”，故填in。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们仔细地做笔记，制作项目模型，其中大多数保存至今，并作为联合国教科文组织世界记忆项目的一部分被注册。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词projects，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用which，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：每一代人都认真学习他们的手艺，并承担雄心勃勃的项目，他们花了数年时间才完成。修饰名词projects，应用形容词ambitious，故填ambitious。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与朝廷联系在一起，而非与他们本人联系在一起。固定搭配be associated with，意为“与……相关”，故填with。 44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：凭借非凡的技能、创新、勤奋和谦逊，雷氏家族留下了他们的建筑和遗产，即真正的手工艺是可以持续一生的宝藏。修饰名词skills，应用形容词remarkable，故填remarkable。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：凭借非凡的技能、创新、勤奋和谦逊，雷氏家族留下了他们的建筑和遗产，即真正的手工艺是可以持续一生的宝藏。此处表示泛指“一生的宝藏”，treasure是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 第三节 品句填词 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 利用选修三前三个单元所学，根据首字母，中文提示，用对应单词的适当形式或根据填空, 并在答题卡上填出完整单词 46. Hours are spent every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking the phone because each “like” b_____ my confidence.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】boosts##oosts 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：每天都要花几个小时编辑我的自拍照，发布它们，并热切地查看手机，因为每一个“赞”都会增强我的信心。分析文意可知，这里需要动词boost，意为“增强”，作谓语，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时，主语是 each “like”，谓语用第三人称单数。故填boosts。 47. It’s true that inner beauty is important, but external beauty shouldn’t _____(overlook). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be overlooked 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：诚然，内在美很重要，但外在美不应该被忽视。动词overlook和主语external beauty是动宾关系，要用被动语态结构，空格前面是情态动词shouldn’t，后面用动词原形。故填be overlooked。 48. Hi, everyone, ________ leaves the classroom last ought to turn off the lights. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【解析】 【详解】考查复合不定代词。句意：嗨，大家，最后离开教室的人应该关灯。分析句子结构可知，该句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，空处可使用复合不定代词whoever表示“无论谁”，在句中作主语。故填whoever。 49. At the very beginning of senior 3, a proper _______ (motivate) is undoubtedly required. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】motivation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在高三的一开始，一个适当的动机无疑是必要的。根据空格前的a proper可知，空格处应该单数名词motivation“动机”作主语。故填motivation。 50. The new generation of artisans will not only p_______ traditional skills; the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure the art of clock repairing stands the test of time. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】preserve##reserve 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：新一代的工匠不仅会保留传统技能；他们为工艺带来的创新也将确保钟表维修艺术经得起时间的考验。结合句意及首字母提示可知，preserve“保护”，动词，will后接动词原形，故填preserve。 51. If he went to a ________(名人) party, he was there to work rather than have fun. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】celebrity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果他去参加名人聚会，他是来工作而不是娱乐的。根据汉语示可知，celebrity“名人”，名词，作定语修饰名词party，故填celebrity。 52. These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and ____________(潜力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】potential 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些东西是真实的，坎宁安在它们的现实中看到了美丽和潜力。这里考查“潜力”对应的名词potential，作宾语，表抽象意义，为不可数名词，故填potential。 53. Li Bai grew up in a time of economic boom and social stability, the most _______ (glory) period of the Tang Dynasty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】glorious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：李白成长在一个经济繁荣、社会稳定的时代，这是唐朝最辉煌的时期。此处修饰名词period，应用形容词glorious，作定语。故填glorious。 54. Scientists think they are beginning to break _____ in the fight against cancer(用适当的词填空) 【答案】through 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：科学家们认为他们在抗击癌症方面开始有所突破。根据句意可知，空处表示“突破”，应为固定短语break through。故填through。 55. Yang recalled, “Lianda laid the __________(基础) for every achievement I have made”. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】foundation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：杨回忆说：“我取得每一项成就，都是联大打下的基础。”根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用名词foundation，作宾。故填foundation。 第二节(满分25分) 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Whenever she went, she was in the spotlight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did. Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids’ group. Being the tallest kid in her class, she was teased by her classmates, who were always chanting “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti (意大利面 )”. Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. God knew how she wished the ground to crack and swallow her! Catherine didn’t really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti”. But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to her. She liked being popular. One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather for Thanksgiving. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a peculiar one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare! “What’s the matter with it?” She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking (啄) order,” he explained, wrinkles of concern spreading around his forehead. “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it. Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies.” “Oh, what a poor little thing!” Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped the frightened chicken up in her arms, whose heart was beating fast in the bony little body. Suddenly, she thought of Landy, the girl being “pecked” by her classmates. “I’m going to take it home and take good care of it,” she said with a determined look. Back in school, Catherine told the cool kids about the chicken. “It’s looking healthy,” she said proudly. “It’s fatter and its feathers are growing. Even the cat likes it. She carries it around the garden, and...” Everyone was entertained by Catherine’s story of her lovely chicken, laughter lingering around the classroom. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1. Then Catherine spotted Landy sitting by herself in a corner. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2. But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Then Catherine spotted Landy sitting by herself in a corner. She kept her head down with her eyes fixed on the floor as usual. It hit Catherine that the pecking order worked in school, too. Landy was just like the poor little chicken, being teased and ignored by her classmates, merely due to her special height. “It’s time for me to make an apology to Landy.” Catherine thought to herself. No sooner had she made up her mind than she announced it to the cool kids surrounding her. Astonished at what she said, all the kids burst out screaming, “Talking to the long spaghetti? Are you crazy?” But Catherine walked directly toward Landy, regardless of what they said. “Hi, Landy. I’m sorry about the spaghetti thing.” Catherine murmured an apology, her face reddening. “I know it hurts you. Can you forgive us?” She figured Landy might just walk away. But she lifted her misty eyes and nodded yes. Catherine wiped away her tears, giving her a warm hug. Moved by the scene, the other kids also came to offer their sincere apologies to Landy. From that day on, no one made up silly chants about Landy, and Catherine also gained an important life lesson that everyone should be treated equally no matter how special he or she was. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Catherine一开始在班上看到同学取笑自己的同桌Landy时，没什么反应。但后来去爷爷家过感恩节，看到一只小鸡由于与其他鸡不同而被啄，联想到了自己的同桌，后来带领班上同学向同桌Landy道歉的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“这时凯瑟琳看见兰蒂独自坐在一个角落里。”可知，第一段可描写Catherine注意到同桌Landy一个人坐在角落里时的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“但是凯瑟琳不管他们说什么，直接向兰迪走去。”可知，第二段可描写Catherine带着同学向Landy道歉后，Landy与其他同学的反应。 2. 续写线索：注意到Landy——联想到Landy的处境——决定道歉——道歉——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①低着头：keep her head down/put her head down ②盯着地板：fixed on the floor/focused on the floor ③取笑：tease/laugh at 情绪类 ①吃惊的、惊讶的：astonished/surprised/amazed ②感动的：moved/touched ③真诚的：sincere/genuine 【点睛】[高分句型1]No sooner had she made up her mind than she announced it to the cool kids surrounding her.(运用了no sooner…than…引导的时间状语从句和部分倒装) [高分句型2]From that day on, no one made up silly chants about Landy, and Catherine also gained an important life lesson that everyone should be treated equally no matter how special he or she was.(运用了no matter how引导让步状语从句和that引导的同位语从句) 听力1-5CBCBB 6-10ABBCB 11-15CAABC 16-20CCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$