新概念英语第三册Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy 导学案

新概念英语第三册导学案 学生版 Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy Part 1 Words and Expressions (1) philosopher n. 哲学家 派生：_______________ n. 哲学 _______________ adj. 哲学的 (2) wisdom n. 智慧 (3) priest n. 牧师 (4) spiritual adj. 精神上的 (5) grudge v. 不愿给，舍不得给 结构：________________________________________ 翻译：我不愿意做那么多作业。 _______________________________________________________________________ (6) surgeon n. 外科大夫 联想：内科医生 ___________ 外科手术 __________ 整容手术 _______________ (7) passer-by n. 过路人 (8) dignity n. 尊严 结构：__________________ 丧失尊严 _____________________ 保持尊严 翻译：她虽然很穷，但没有失去尊严。(语法复习：倒装) Poor _________________, she __________________________________ =Poor _________________, she _________________________________ (9) deliberately adv. 故意地 近义词组：____________________ 翻译：她故意整天都无视他。(用现在完成进行时) _______________________________________________________________________ 派生：____________________ adj. 故意的 (10) consequence n. 后果，结果（常用复数） 翻译：The decision could have serious consequences for the industry. _______________________________________________________________________ 辨析：_________________________________________________________________ 选词填空： She is fully aware of the __________________ of her behavior. The __________________ of the experiment was disappointing. (11) afflict v. 使苦恼，折磨 结构：______________________________ 翻译：该国约40%的人口都患有这种疾病。 _______________________________________________________________________ 派生：____________________ n. 折磨 (12) ease n. 容易 结构： with ease = ____________________ 轻而易举地 翻译：他轻而易举地通过了考试。 _______________________________________________________________________ Singing in a karaoke bar with our boss, we all felt ill at ease. _______________________________________________________________________ (13) nature n. 大自然 词组积累：自然保护 ____________________ 自然保护区 ____________________ 猜猜下列划线部分的意思： Just let nature take its course. _________________________ She is shy by nature. _________________________ Nature calls. Be right back. _________________________ (14) contempt n. 蔑视 结构：hold / have sb. in contempt = _____________________ 鄙视某人 ____________________ 不顾 翻译：他不顾他爸爸的反对出国了。 _______________________________________________________________________ 趣味联想：contempt of court _________________________ (15) envious adj. 嫉妒的 结构：_____________________________ 派生：_______________ v. 忌妒 翻译：他们嫉妒他的成功。 ________________________________________________________________________ Part 2 Text (1) (Ph1) It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. · 词组：live by ________________ 对比 __________ 依靠某种事物或某人为生 · 填一填： She __________ burgers. Teachers ____________ teaching. (2) In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. · 单词：statement n. 说法 · 词组：in the light of ________________ · 翻译：他根据进一步的研究重写了这本书。 ____________________________________________________________________ · 模仿：根据这个规则，男人靠出卖外表赚钱，女人靠运用智慧赚钱，乞丐是靠显示贫困赚钱，而小孩靠赞美别人赚钱。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (3) Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. · 词组：material goods _____________ in terms of _____________ perform services ________________ · 模仿：我们很难衡量父母给我们的爱的价值。 ____________________________________________________________________ (4) There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. · 单词：fee n.（付给医生、律师等的）劳务费 · 联想：学费 _________ 罚款 __________ 交通费 __________ · 句型：There are times when … ___________________________ · 翻译：There are discouraging times when we need to set up a target to find the motivation. ____________________________________________________________________ (5) The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell. · 语法：The conditions of society are such that….______________从句 = __________________________________________________________________ · 改写：Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. (N3 L4) = __________________________________________________________________ · 语法：in the same way (that) 引导_________状语从句 翻译：他说话的方式和他爸爸一模一样。 ____________________________________________________________________ · 篇章：第一段提出“惊人”观点：________________________________________，瞬间降低那些我们眼中崇高的事业：___________________________，为下文tramp的闪亮登场做了铺垫。 (6) (Ph2) Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. · 单词：tramp n. 流浪汉 exception n. 例外 · 扩展：用好exception这个词，可以让你的句子很生动，看看exception的其他表达，填一填： Most of the buildings in the town are modern, ______________________________. (但教堂是个例外) Nobody had much money at the time and __________________________________. (我也不例外) (7) Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. · 单词：arouse v. 引起、激发 引起怀疑 ____________________ 激起同情 ____________________ · 句型：in + doing = _____________________, 表示_______________________，如去掉in变为分词结构，意思不变 对比：on + doing = __________________________ 翻译：在和他说话的时候，我发现他口吃。 ____________________________________________________________________ 一到上海，他们就受到老朋友的热烈欢迎。 ____________________________________________________________________ (8) A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. · 词组：feel sorry for sb. ___________ lead...life ________________ be fully aware of _________________ 近义词组：___________________ 反义词组：____________________ (9) He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. · 单词：anxiety n. 焦虑 · 词组：be free from _______________________ move from place to place _________________________ 扩展：sell from door to door ____________________ ____________________________ 因人而异 · 词组：sth. make it possible for sb. to do ____________________________ · 模仿：虽然我的分数很低，但是我不像那些作弊的学生一样良心不安。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (10) By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. · 单词：by prep. __________ · 词组：sleep in the open _________________ in times of… _________________ 扩展：_____________________ 和平时期 (N3L14) (11) We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care? · 词组：speak of _________ put sb. in the same class as ___________ 翻译：作为演员，Jane不如Susan。 ____________________________________________________________________ · 词组：freedom from care _________________ 扩展：carefree adj. _______________________ · 篇章：总结一下，在作者的眼中，身为tramp有哪些优势呢？ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ · 篇章：我们常说写文章时忌讳重复用词，但当这种重复恰倒好处时就会给文章一种韵律，请你找找全文中有这样特色的句子。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Part 3 Critical thinking / Cultural background The author has tried to convince us of the many merits of being a tramp. Do you agree with him? If not, can you list some disadvantages of being a tramp? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新概念英语第三册导学案 教师版 Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy Part 1 Words and Expressions (1) philosopher n. 哲学家 (a person who studies or writes about philosophy) 派生：philosophy n. 哲学 philosophical adj. 哲学的 词根：phil-：love soph：wisdom（爱智慧，学生版不出现） (2) wisdom n. 智慧 (the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge that you have) (3) priest n. 牧师 (a person who is qualified to perform religious duties and ceremonies in the Roman Catholic, Anglican and Orthodox Churches) (4) spiritual adj. 精神上的 (connected with the human spirit, rather than the body or physical things) (5) grudge v. 不愿给，舍不得给 (to do or give sth. unwillingly) 结构：grudge sth. / grudge doing sth. 翻译：我不愿意做那么多作业。 I grudge having to do so much homework . (6) surgeon n. 外科大夫 (a doctor who is trained to perform surgery) 联想：内科医生physician 外科手术surgery 整容手术plastic surgery (7) passer-by n.过路人 (a person who is going to pass sb./sth. by chance, especially when sth. unexpected happens) (8) dignity n. 尊严 (a calm and serious manner that deserves respect) 结构：lose one’s dignity丧失尊严 stand on / keep one’s dignity 保持尊严 翻译：她虽然很穷，但没有失去尊严。(语法复习：倒装) Poor as she is, she hasn’t lost her dignity. =Poor as she is, she stands on her dignity. (9) deliberately adv. 故意地 (done in a way that was planned, not by chance) 近义词组：on purpose 翻译：她故意整天都无视他。(用现在完成进行时，新二语法) She has been deliberately ignoring him all day. 派生：deliberate adj. 故意的 (10) consequence n. 后果，结果（常用复数）(a result of sth. that has happened) 翻译：The decision could have serious consequences for the industry. 这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。 辨析：result一般指某种原因造成的结果，consequence则一般指不良后果，尤其是人为原因造成的后果，多用复数。 选词填空： She is fully aware of the consequences of her behavior. The result of the experiment was disappointing. (11) afflict v. 使苦恼，折磨 ([often passive] (formal) to affect sb./sth. in an unpleasant or harmful way) 结构：be afflicted with 翻译：该国约40%的人口都患有这种疾病。 About forty percent of the country’s population is afflicted with the disease. 派生：affliction n. 折磨 (12) ease n. 容易 (lack of difficulty) 结构：with ease = without difficulty 轻而易举地 翻译：他轻而易举地通过了考试。 He passed the test with ease. Singing in a karaoke bar with our boss, we all felt ill at ease. 和老板一起在卡拉OK酒吧唱歌，我们都觉得很不自在。 (13) nature n. 大自然 (all the plants, animals and things that exist in the universe that are not made by people) 词组积累：自然保护nature conservation 自然保护区nature reserve 猜猜下列划线部分的意思： Just let nature take its course. 就顺其自然吧。 She is shy by nature. 天性、生性 Nature calls. Be right back. 我要去一下洗手间。 (14) contempt n. 蔑视 (the feeling that sb. / sth. is without value and deserves no respect at all) 结构：hold / have sb. in contempt = look down upon sb. 鄙视某人 in contempt of 不顾 翻译：他不顾他爸爸的反对出国了。 In contempt of his father’s objection, he went abroad. 趣味联想：contempt of court 藐视法庭（罪） (15) envious adj. 嫉妒的 (wanting to be in the same situation as sb. else; wanting sth. that sb. else has) 结构：be envious of sb. / sth. 派生：envy v. 忌妒 翻译：他们嫉妒他的成功。 They were envious of his success. = They envied his success. Part 2 Text (1) (Ph1) It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. · 词组：live by 靠…谋生 对比live on依靠某种事物或某人为生 · 填一填： She lives on burgers. Teachers live by teaching. · 句型：It has been said that … 据说…… (2) In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. · 单词：statement n. 说法 · 词组：in the light of 按照、根据 翻译：他根据进一步的研究重写了这本书。 He rewrote the book in the light of further research. · 句型亮点：使用了排比句型，使得文章更有气势。【学生版不出现】 · 模仿：根据这个规则，男人靠出卖外表赚钱，女人靠运用智慧赚钱，乞丐是靠显示贫困赚钱，而小孩靠赞美别人赚钱。 In the light of this rule, men earn money by selling appearance, women earn money by using wisdom, beggars by showing poverty while kids by giving compliments. (3) Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. · 词组：material goods 物质产品 in terms of 就…而言 perform services 提供服务 · 句型亮点：本句使用了两个不同的单词表达“衡量”这个意思 (measure、estimate)用词灵活丰富，可启发学生平时注重积累这样的近义词【学生版不出现】 · 模仿：我们很难衡量父母给我们的爱的价值。 It’s difficult to estimate the value of the love our parents give us. (4) There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. · 单词：fee n. （付给医生、律师等的）劳务费 联想：学费tuition 罚款fine 交通费fare · 句型：There are times when … = sometimes有时候 · 亮点：平庸的句子sometimes we would willingly…, 有时候我们可以用There are times when 代替sometimes使得句子更加出彩，并且times前还可以加上定语【学生版不出现】 翻译：There are discouraging times when we need to set up a target to find the motivation. 在一些令人沮丧的时候，我们需要给自己设立目标来找到前进的动力。 (5) The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell. · 语法：The conditions of society are such that…. 同位语从句（注意让学生读的时候在such处断句，学生版不出现）= Such are the conditions of society that… 改写：Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. (N3 L4) = Human nature is such that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. · 语法：in the same way (that) 引导方式状语从句 翻译：他说话的方式和他爸爸一模一样。 He talked in the same way his father did. · 篇章：第一段提出“惊人”观点：Everyone lives by selling something.，瞬间降低那些我们眼中崇高的事业teacher, philosopher, priest， 为下文tramp的闪亮登场做了铺垫。（亚历山大这种抓住一个方面（Everyone lives by selling something）“损人利己”的写法很辣手，只要用得合理在作文里也不失为一记猛招呀，学生版不出现） (6) (Ph2) Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. · 单词：tramp n. 流浪汉 exception n. 例外 · 扩展：用好exception这个词，可以让你的句子很生动，看看exception的其他表达，填一填： Most of the buildings in the town are modern, but the church is an exception. (但教堂是个例外) Nobody had much money at the time and I was no exception. (我也不例外) · 篇章：第二段开头就点出tramp，单刀直入，典型的英语文章的笔法 【学生版不出现】 (7) Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. · 单词：arouse v. 引起、激发 引起怀疑 arouse suspicion 激起同情arouse sympathy · 句型：in + doing = when/while, 表示在……的过程当中，如去掉in变为分词结构，意思不变 对比：on + doing = as soon as 一…就… 翻译：在和他说话的时候，我发现他口吃。 In speaking to him, I found that he stammered. 一到上海，他们就受到老朋友的热烈欢迎。 On arriving in Shanghai, they received warm welcome from their old friends. (8) A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. · 词组：feel sorry for sb. 怜悯某人 lead...life 过着……的生活 be fully aware of 完全意识到 近义词组：be conscious of 反义词组：be unaware of (9) He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. · 单词：anxiety n. 焦虑 · 词组：be free from 免于…（灾祸、痛苦、危险） move from place to place 四处奔波 扩展：sell from door to door 挨家挨户推销 vary from person to person 因人而异 · 词组：sth. make it possible for sb. to do ……使某人做某事成为可能 · 模仿：虽然我的分数很低，但是我不像那些作弊的学生一样良心不安。 Though I got a low mark, I was free from the guilty conscience which afflicted the students who cheated. (10) By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. · 单词：by prep. 由于 · 词组：sleep in the open露天睡觉 in times of… 在……时候 扩展：in times of peace 和平时期 (N3 L14) (11) We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care? · 词组：speak of 谈起 put sb. in the same class as 把……和……归为一类 翻译：作为演员，Jane不如Susan。 As an actress, Jane is not in the same class as Susan. · 词组：freedom from care 无忧无虑 扩展：carefree adj. 无忧无虑的，无牵挂的 · 篇章：总结一下，在作者的眼中，身为tramp有哪些优势呢？ 1. independence 2.human dignity 3.freedom from anxieties / cares 4. great mobility 5. closer relationship with nature 6. simple way of life…..(仅供参考) · 篇章：我们常说写文章时忌讳重复用词，但当这种重复恰倒好处时就会给文章一种韵律，请你找找全文中有这样特色的句子。 the value of …the true value of… ; have nothing to sell and require nothing from others; may ask…will never ask; lead the life he leads, etc. Part 3 Critical thinking / Cultural background The author has tried to convince us of the many merits of being a tramp. Do you agree with him? If not, can you list some disadvantages of being a tramp? 参考答案：可以启发学生从作者观点的对立面去看，流浪汉到底是独立还是不愿意工作、不愿意承担责任？是无忧无虑还是自私、不考虑其他人的感受？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$