精品解析：重庆市南开中学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题

重庆市高2025届高三第一次质量检测 英语试题 2024.9 注意事项： 1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共150分，共12页。 2.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。 3.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节；满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is Ron now? A. At a party. B. In a garden. C. In a car. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Ron, have you set off for the graduation party? M: Hey, Tina. I’m watering flowers in the garden right now. W: Oh, I was expecting that you were driving to the party. I’ll call you later. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers probably doing? A. Signing up for classes. B. Applying to universities. C. Discussing a geography project. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: All right, dear. Pick three daily courses that you want. For example, if you want this geography course, click here. W: Got it. But should I choose the morning or afternoon classes? M: Well, it’s really up to you! 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Count calories. B. Do more exercise. C. Get a private coach. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m trying to lose weight but nothing seems to be working. I’ve tried running and swimming. And I’m thinking about finding a personal trainer. W: What I found helped me was counting calories. That way you can work out how many calories you have to burn. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Jennie do next Friday? A. Design a poster. B. Attend a sports event. C. Invite some students to her house. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: What are you putting on the wall, Jennie? W: They’re posters for our championship match next Friday. I want to make sure as many students come as possible. M: Next Friday? I can’t wait to see you guys play! 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why doesn’t the man look good? A. He caught the flu. B. He didn’t get enough sleep. C. He stayed out in the sun for too long. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hold on, Ann. I’ve got to sit down for a second. W: What’s wrong? Wow, you don’t look so good. How long have you been out in the sun? M: Too long, I think. I’m very dizzy and thirsty. W: Well, have some water first. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Ordering a meal online. B. Picking up food from a market. C. Planning meals to serve at a party. 7. Who usually cooks for the woman now? A. Her mother. B. Her husband. C. Her father. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: All right, we already have tofu, chicken and corn. If we want to eat at home every night this week, we’ll need to buy more things. W: I’m not sure what to get. My dad used to do grocery shopping and plan meals for my family. But now, you always make such delicious meals for us. So stick with what you know! M: All right, let’s get some steak and more vegetables from the other side of the market. These will be enough for this week. W: That sounds great, dear. You’ re always good in the kitchen! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What did the woman want from the man? A. Some money. B. A ride to the mall. C. A gift for her birthday. 9. What do we know about Gail and Beth? A. They are the man’s best friends. B. They bought some new beauty products. C. They invited the woman to go shopping. 10. What is the man’s suggestion for the woman? A. Trying to be a confident person. B. Buying some different products. C. Waiting till Christmas for presents. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Dad. My birthday just passed, and Christmas isn’t for months, but I’d be so grateful if I could borrow some cash for shopping. M: Well, Laura, what are you looking to get? W: Gail and Beth just got some new make-up products. I really want to get some! M: Dear, we have so many beauty products around the house. Do you really need them, or do you want them just because your friends have them? W: Maybe both. I want to look as good as my friends. When they came back from the mall with new products, they looked amazing. M: I know, dear. But remember, beauty starts inside first. No beauty product in the world could compete with the beauty of a confident person. So, please, consider this before buying a new product. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Which country is the woman from? A. Monaco. B. South Korea. C. France. 12. Why is the man traveling now? A. He’s on a business trip. B. He’s on a short holiday. C. He’s going to university. 13. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a dormitory. C. In a street. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Here’s your room key and the password for the Wi-Fi. Also, I noticed that your accent sounds French. Where are you from? M: I’m from a small country called Monaco, surrounded by France. Oh, and we speak French there. W: How interesting! I’ve never been to Europe, but I’ve heard Monaco is a small but beautiful country. M: Sure, it’s lovely. It has become a popular tourist destination for very wealthy people, similar to Abu Dhabi. There is a car racetrack that runs throughout the country. W: It sounds much more wonderful than my hometown here in South Korea. M: Maybe, but it’s also very expensive to live there! Almost 30% of the country’s population has over one million dollars — I certainly don’t have that much money, so I decided to study overseas, which costs less than studying in Europe. W: Oh, that’s interesting, because this hotel is usually for tourists and business people. M: I’m moving into the dormitory tomorrow and just needed a place to spend the night! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Ticket seller and passenger. C. Restaurant owner and customer. 15. Where did the woman find her phone? A. In the supermarket. B. In the restaurant. C. At the train station. 16. What color is the woman’s phone? A. Black. B. Pink. C. White. 17. What photo does the woman have on her phone’s home screen? A. A picture of her dog. B. A picture of her on the beach. C. A picture of her and her brother. 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, I came here for lunch earlier and it seems I’ve lost my new phone. I don’t suppose you’ve found it, have you? M: Not to my knowledge, madam, but it may have been put into the Lost Property box. Let’s go and see. W: Thank you! I’ve looked everywhere that I’ve been today… the supermarket, the train station… and I’ve had no luck, so this restaurant is my last hope M: Okay… We have a couple of phones in here. Can you describe yours to me? W: It’s a white Samsung with a black case. Oh, sorry. I forgot that I just put a new pink case on it. M: Okay. This could be it. W: Oh, I hope so! M: Can you tell me what background photo you have on your home screen, so that I know it’s yours? W: Sure. It’s a picture of my dog on the beach… No, wait! That was my old phone. My new phone has a picture of me and my brother in the forest. M: That’s enough information for me! Here you are. W: That’s it! Thank you so much! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What should students do after they find the instrument they like? A. Pay the fee. B. Find Ms. Johnson. C. Meet band members. 19. Why does the speaker recommend learning an instrument? A. It helps students with their grades. B. It teaches students how to read music. C. It offers students more job opportunities. 20. What is the fee for playing the guitar per year? A. $60. B. $50. C. $10. 【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】Attention, students. This is an announcement for all third-grade students! Tomorrow is the day when you can choose what musical instrument you want to learn to play in the school band. The gym will be filled with musical instruments for every student to try. When you find an instrument you like, find Ms. Johnson on the other side of the room and tell her your name and what instrument you would like to play in the band. Playing an instrument is a great learning opportunity. Learning to play an instrument teaches you how to practice and how to read music. Many of our students have gone on to play in their high school bands. If you would like to play an instrument in the band, your parents have to pay $50 per year. This fee is due next week. It is for the music books, the cleaning supplies, and the instrument rental (租赁). If you play the guitar, the fee is $10 more because the strings (弦) are very expensive. If you are not able to pay the fee but you would still like to play an instrument this year, please visit Ms. Johnson’s office. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Studying abroad programs are transformative. You’ll go to class — but you could also explore the timeless and historical landscape of the countries that you may not have the chance to visit on your own. Since 1987, International Studies Abroad (ISA) has provided college students the opportunity to explore the world. We offer high- quality education abroad programs in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, and the Pacific which are bound to turn your dreams into possibilities with unbeatable value. Popular Subject Areas Business, Media Studies, Psychology & Liberal Arts Location London Host University University of Westminster At the heart of London, the University of Westminster was founded in 1838 and has been teaching international students for over 175 years. You can study psychology, politics, international relations, and social sciences. The University has four campuses: three in London’s West End and one in the northwest borough of Harrow. The university features small student-to-teacher scale, creating an enriching atmosphere for you. The university offers a wide variety of traditional and progressive courses as well as theory and practical courses in the field of media, arts and design. Since it is located in the heart of this international and cosmopolitan city, the University of Westminster provides a truly British experience. Term Spring 1 2025 Program Dates Jan 7, 2025- May 17, 2025 Program Length Semester Application Deadline Oct 10, 2024 Forms And Payment Deadline Oct 15, 2024 Credit 60-80 UK Credits Eligibility 2.70 Minimum GPA Cost $25,750 Enjoy Flexibility with ISA We’ve partnered with Arizona State University (ASU) to help you overcome common study abroad challenges by adding ASU online courses to your ISA program. With more than 2,100 online courses to choose from, ISA minimizes academic challenges, like major requirements, so you can make the most of your experience abroad. 21. What is special about the University of Westminster? A. A long history. B. Diverse subjects. C. Small classes. D. Traditional campuses. 22. When can you apply for the Spring 1, 2025 program? A. Oct 7, 2024. B. Oct 11, 2024. C. Jan 15, 2025. D. May 10, 2025. 23. How does ISA address the study abroad problems? A. By removing academic burdens. B. Through innovative cooperation. C. Through abundant online courses. D. By increasing major requirements. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一所大学的位置、授课模式以及特色等情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“The university features small student-to-teacher scale, creating an enriching atmosphere for you.(这所大学的特点是学生对教师的规模小，为你创造一个丰富的氛围)”可知，该大学以小班授课模式为特色，从而营造了丰富的学习氛围，故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Application Deadline Oct 10, 2024(申请截止日期为2024年10月10日)”可知，申请截止日期是2024年10月10日，即2024年10月7日可以申请。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“We’ve partnered with Arizona State University (ASU) to help you overcome common study abroad challenges by adding ASU online courses to your ISA program.(我们与亚利桑那州立大学（ASU）合作，通过将亚利桑那州立大学的在线课程添加到您的ISA项目中，帮助您克服常见的出国留学挑战)”可知，国际留学生协会通过丰富的网络课程解决出国留学问题。故选C。 B Last July 26, at around 11 p. m., an emergency message on the Facebook page caught Callie Clemens’ eye. A tiny black puppy had been spotted running across a road in Spring Branch. Howls had been heard from inside a nearby drain, so there was likely one puppy stuck down there. Clemens drove to the scene. Once there, she heard desperate cries from underground echoing through the pipes. She grabbed a flashlight from her car and got down. “I was not expecting to go into the drain,” Clemens says. But puppies were down there. “Somebody’s got to do it.” After lowering herself roughly 7 feet down the drain, Clemens crawled through a tunnel before reaching an area where she could crouch and search. “I heard splashing.” Clemens says. She pointed her flashlight and saw “two sets of eyes looking at me”. Then the dogs ran off. Around midnight, workers from the local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) arrived and joined Clemens in the drain. They worked until 3 a. m., trying to track down the dogs. But they were not able to find the two dogs that Clemens had seen. Clemens was not about to give up. Although venturing down a storm drain is terrifying, Clemens says, “It would never resonate with me to know that I left an animal in there to starve and suffer.” She went home for a few hours of sleep, then went straight back to the drain, joined by several volunteers, including a local engineer who drew a map of the drain system. After several hours of searching, they finally found one tiny black pup. However, one dog was still left underground. Clemens climbed down the storm drain several more times to look for it, even leaving food, some of which had been eaten. But the fact that Clemens had stopped hearing the dog’s howls made her confident that the puppy found its way out. 24. Why did Callie Clemens drive to the scene? A. To save a puppy. B. To explore a tunnel. C. To control a noise. D. To fix a pipe. 25. What made Callie Clemens decide to go into the drain again? A. The interest in drain system. B. The encouragement from workers. C. Her sympathy for animals. D. Her curiosity about the puppies. 26. What convinced her that the other dog escaped? A. The untouched food. B. The hand- drawn map. C. The disappearance of barks. D. The message from volunteers. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Callie Clemens? A. Kind and determined. B. Brave and demanding. C. Smart and encouraging. D. Honest and adventurous. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯丽·克莱门斯不顾危险和害怕，到下水道去救一只小狗的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Clemens drove to the scene. Once there, she heard desperate cries from underground echoing through the pipes. She grabbed a flashlight from her car and got down. “I was not expecting to go into the drain,” Clemens says. But puppies were down there. “Somebody’s got to do it.”(克莱门斯开车去了现场。一到那里，她就听到从地下传来的绝望的呼喊声回荡在管道里。她从车里抓起手电筒，下了车。“我没想到会掉进下水道，”克莱门斯说。但是小狗在下面。“总得有人去做。”)”可知，她开车前往的目的是为了拯救小狗。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Clemens was not about to give up. Although venturing down a storm drain is terrifying, Clemens says, “It would never resonate with me to know that I left an animal in there to starve and suffer.”(克莱门斯并不打算放弃。虽然冒险进入排水沟是可怕的，但克莱门斯说：“知道我把一只动物留在那里挨饿受苦，我永远不会同意。”)”可知，出于对小狗的同情心让凯丽·克莱门斯决定再次跳进下水道。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“But the fact that Clemens had stopped hearing the dog’s howls made her confident that the puppy found its way out.(但克莱门斯不再听到狗的嚎叫，这让她确信小狗找到了出路)”可知，是因为狗叫声停止了，所以凯丽·克莱门斯确信被困的小狗已经逃出。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Clemens was not about to give up. Although venturing down a storm drain is terrifying, Clemens says, “It would never resonate with me to know that I left an animal in there to starve and suffer.”(克莱门斯并不打算放弃。虽然冒险进入排水沟是可怕的，但克莱门斯说：“知道我把一只动物留在那里挨饿受苦，我永远不会同意。”)”可知，凯丽·克莱门斯不顾自己安危，进入下水道拯救小狗的行为可以看出她是一个善良的好心人，同时凯丽·克莱门斯不愿轻易放弃，两次发出了营救小狗的行动看出她是一个意志坚定的人。故选A。 C If you’ve never slept in socks, you might want to give it a try. Sleeping in socks helps to regulate your body temperature, which can lead to falling asleep faster, waking up less, and sleeping in later, according to research. When your core body temperature is regulated, it makes for better sleep, sleep disorders specialist Breus said. Temperature plays a role in quality sleep. A drop in core body temperature signals to the body that it’s time to sleep and occurs alongside the release of melatonin — the sleep hormone. Experts suggest keeping your bedroom between 68 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit for ample sleep. Wearing socks and sleeping in a cool room could be the perfect pairing for a high quality night of rest. If you wear socks to sleep, ensure they aren’t so tight that they restrict blood flow, wrote Breus. It’s important the socks are comfortable so they don’t become a sleep distraction. Breus also suggested they be made of breathable fabric s like cotton, linen, or bamboo. And you should opt for a fresh, clean pair, not the ones you wore all day, sleep therapist Michelle Drerup said. While sleeping in socks is worth a try to get better rest, it’s not a cure-all. If you feel a sensory overload sleeping in socks, research suggests that putting your feet in a warm water bath before bed can give a similar effect. Also, socks aren’t a treatment for insomnia or other sleep problems — you should talk to a medical professional for ongoing issues. And people with circulation (循环) issues should not sleep with socks without talking to their doctor first. Besides, there are other ways to step up your sleep routine, and wake up better rested. 28. What can be inferred from Breus’s opinions? A. Core body temperature depends on socks. B. Comfortable socks are a sleep cure- all. C. A better night rest improves blood flow. D. The selection of socks is significant. 29. What does the phrase “a sensory overload” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. A complete relaxation. B. A strong stimulation. C. A sense of security. D. A sense of relief. 30. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The function of sleeping in socks. B. The body temperature in sleep. C. Melatonin’s role in sleep. D. Methods to regulate sleep. 31. What will be talked about next in the passage? A. The necessity of medical consultations. B. Additional ways to improve sleep quality. C. The choice of suitable sleepwear materials. D. The impact of room temperature on sleep patterns. 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文的主要内容是穿袜子睡觉的功能和好处。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Sleeping in socks helps to regulate your body temperature, which can lead to falling asleep faster, waking up less, and sleeping in later, according to research. When your core body temperature is regulated, it makes for better sleep, sleep disorders specialist Breus said.(研究表明，穿袜子睡觉有助于调节体温，从而更快入睡、醒得更少、睡得更晚。睡眠障碍专家布鲁斯说：当你的核心体温得到调节时，你会睡得更好。)”可知，袜子的选择很重要。故选D。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“While sleeping in socks is worth a try to get better rest, it’s not a cure-all. (虽然为了得到更好的休息，穿袜子睡觉值得一试，但这并不是万灵药)”以及划线词后文“research suggests that putting your feet in a warm water bath before bed can give a similar effect(研究表明，睡前把脚放在温水中也能产生类似的效果)”可知，穿袜子睡觉不是万灵药，作者提到如果穿袜子睡觉会让你感到“a sensory overload”，这是一种不太愉快的体验，因为紧接着作者提供了一个替代方案：泡一个温暖的热水脚，这可以产生类似的效果。由此我们可以推断，“a sensory overload”指的是一种感官上的过度刺激，这种刺激可能让人感到不适。故划线词意思是“强烈的刺激”。故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sleeping in socks helps to regulate your body temperature, which can lead to falling asleep faster, waking up less, and sleeping in later, according to research.(研究表明，穿袜子睡觉有助于调节体温，从而更快入睡、醒得更少、睡得更晚)”以及第三段“Temperature plays a role in quality sleep. (温度对睡眠质量起着重要作用)”结合本文的主要内容是穿袜子睡觉的功能和好处。可知，即这篇文章主要讲了穿袜子睡觉的功能。故选A。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Besides, there are other ways to step up your sleep routine, and wake up better rested.(此外，还有其他方法可以加强你的睡眠规律，并在醒来时得到更好的休息)”可知，文章最后提到，除了穿袜子睡觉，还有其他方法可以提高睡眠质量，这暗示了接下来可能会讨论的内容。故选B。 D People today are much cleverer than they were in previous generations. A study of 72 countries found that average IQs rose by 2.2 points per decade between 1948 and 2020. This stunning change is known as the Flynn Effect after James Flynn, the scientist who first noticed it. Flynn was initially confused by his discovery. It took millions of years for the brain to evolve. How could it improve so rapidly over just a few decades? The answer is largely that people were becoming better nourished and mentally stimulated. Just as muscles need food and exercise to grow strong, the brain also needs the right nutrients and activity to develop. Kids today are much less likely to be malnourished (营养不良的) than they were in past decades, and more likely to go to school. Yet there is no room for satisfaction. In poor and middle-income countries, many children are still too ill-fed to reach the cognitive potential. The world grows enough food, but several obstacles stop nutrients getting into young brains. One is war. Families sheltering around cannot risk out to plant or harvest, and some governments intentionally starve certain regions into submission. Another is disease. Hungry children fall sick more often, and the energy they spend battling bugs cannot be devoted to growing brains. Poverty is also a big part of the problem. But global data from UNICEF, an aid agency, show that although half the children with very restricted diets (including no more than two food groups) are indeed from poor families, the other half are not. Other factors, such as poor eating habits, are to blame as well. Research about how to overcome the obstacles is needed. Some argue that human intelligence will matter less as people entrust (委托) their thinking to artificial intelligence. To assume this would be as foolish as betting 100 years ago that the invention of the car would make it unnecessary to walk. In the workplace human intelligence and AI will probably assist each other. And brains are for the joy of thinking, as well as earning money. Steven Pinker of Harvard University calls human intelligence “a tailwind in life”, helping people adapt rationally to new challenges or a changing environment. For a modest price, the next generation can have a stronger tailwind. It would not only be wrong to refuse them the tailwind. It would be stupid. 32. What can we learn about the Flynn Effect? A. Average IQs have risen fast in the past decades. B. Intelligence has been stable across generations. C. People now are as intelligent as their ancestors. D. Better education leads to improved physical health. 33. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. The Flynn Effect has reached its peak. B. Global problems continue despite IQ gains. C. Society values human intelligence less. D. Malnutrition is merely a result of poverty. 34. What does the author think of artificial intelligence? A. Useless. B. Unique. C. Beneficial. D. Ineffective. 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. Stages of IQ Development B. Secrets to Rising IQs Worldwide C. Insights Into Global IQ Trend D. Influence of the Flynn Effect 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球智商尽管有所提高但仍存在的挑战，提供了对影响全球智商上升趋势因素的深入观察。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A study of 72 countries found that average IQs rose by 2.2 points per decade between 1948 and 2020. This stunning change is known as the Flynn Effect after James Flynn, the scientist who first noticed it.(一项针对72个国家的研究发现，从1948年到2020年，平均智商每十年上升2.2个百分点。这种惊人的变化被称为弗林效应，以第一位注意到这一现象的科学家詹姆斯·弗林的名字命名)”可知，过去几十年里，平均智商上升得很快。故选A。 【33题详解】 句意猜测题。根据划线词后文“In poor and middle-income countries, many children are still too ill-fed to reach the cognitive potential.(在贫穷和中等收入国家，许多儿童仍然营养不良，无法发挥认知潜力)”可知，后文提到在贫穷和中等收入国家，许多儿童仍然营养不良，无法发挥认知潜力，表明没有满足的余地。所以即使智商有所提高，仍然存在全球性问题。故划线句意思是“尽管智商有所提高，全球问题仍在继续”。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the workplace, human intelligence and AI will probably assist each other.(在工作场所，人类智能和人工智能可能会相互帮助)”可知，作者认为人工智能是有益的。故选C。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“People today are much cleverer than they were in previous generations. A study of 72 countries found that average IQs rose by 2.2 points per decade between 1948 and 2020. This stunning change is known as the Flynn Effect after James Flynn, the scientist who first noticed it.(今天的人们比前几代人聪明得多。一项针对72个国家的研究发现，从1948年到2020年，平均智商每十年上升2.2个百分点。这种惊人的变化被称为弗林效应，以第一位注意到这一现象的科学家詹姆斯·弗林的名字命名)”结合文章主要说明了全球智商尽管有所提高但仍存在的挑战，提供了对影响全球智商上升趋势因素的深入观察。可知，C选项“洞察全球智商趋势”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The experience of modern life is a constant stream of reviews where criticism is common, which makes us struggle both to give and receive it gracefully. ___36___ It’s not personal (even when it’s personal). When criticized, we often make it personal in two ways. ___37___ Additionally, we interpret criticism as a reflection of our inborn abilities rather than our actions. This tendency, observed even in young children, can lead to reduced self-esteem, mood, and persistence. To settle it, adopting a mindset that separates the feedback from the person giving it can help maintain objectivity and resilience (适应力) in the face of criticism. ___38___ Once you depersonalize criticism in this way, you can start to see it for what it is: a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Studies indicate that actively engaging with feedback improves academic outcomes. If this doesn’t come easily to you, consider forming a critics’ circle with trusted peers to exchange honest feedback and enhance resilience. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. We all have to give criticism from time to time. ___39___ Research suggests five key elements for providing constructive feedback: the care of the receiver in mind; respectful delivery; good intentions; a pathway to improvement; and appropriate targeting of the receiver’s needs. Praise in public criticize in private. ___40___ He used it to motivate players. Research confirms its effectiveness: public praise boosts motivation by 9%, while private criticism increases motivation by 11% compared to public settings. A. View criticism as objective feedback. B. Treat criticism like secret information. C. We shifts the focus from emotion to analysis. D. Therefore, we should approach criticism positively. E. This rule is credited to the football coach Vince Lombardi. F. We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. G. The key to criticizing is to remember it is intended to help, not harm. 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. G 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了在生活中批评是常见得，我们要积极接受批评。 【36题详解】 根据上文“The experience of modern life is a constant stream of reviews where criticism is common, which makes us struggle both to give and receive it gracefully. (现代生活的经验是不断的评论，批评是常见的，这使我们努力既给予和接受优雅。)”以及下文“It’s not personal (even when it’s personal). (这不是针对个人的(即使是针对个人的)。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是“我们要积极接受批评。”，然后提出如何接受批评。选项D. Therefore, we should approach criticism positively. (因此，我们应该积极地对待批评。)能够承上启下。故选D。 【37题详解】 根据上文“When criticized, we often make it personal in two ways. (当受到批评时，我们通常会以两种方式把它个人化。)”以及下文“Additionally, we interpret criticism as a reflection of our inborn abilities rather than our actions. (此外，我们把批评解释为对我们天生能力反映，而不是对我们行为的反映。)”以及本段最后一句“To settle it, adopting a mindset that separates the feedback from the person giving it can help maintain objectivity and resilience (适应力) in the face of criticism. (为了解决这个问题，采取一种将反馈与给出反馈的人分开的心态，可以帮助你在面对批评时保持客观性和适应力。)”可知，空格处说明的是我们会分析批评家。选项F. We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. (我们自然会分析批评家而不是批评本身。)能够承上启下。故选F。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Once you depersonalize criticism in this way, you can start to see it for what it is: a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. (一旦你以这种方式去个人化批评，你就可以开始看到它的本来面目：这是外人对你表现的罕见看法，因此是纠正和改进的潜在机会。)”可知，空格处作为本段得主题句，应该说明的是“看待批评的一种方式。”选项A. View criticism as objective feedback. (把批评看作是客观的反馈。)是一种方式与in this way相呼应，能够引出下文，作为本段的主题句。故选A。 【39题详解】 本题的主题为“Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. (把批评当成礼物，而不是武器。)”以及上文“We all have to give criticism from time to time. (我们都不得不时不时地提出批评。)”可知，空格处应该具体说明“批评的目的”。选项G. The key to criticizing is to remember it is intended to help, not harm. (批评的关键是要记住它的目的是帮助，而不是伤害。)说明的是批评的目的，选项中的help与主题句中的gift相呼应。能够承接上文。故选G。 【40题详解】 本段的主题为“Praise in public, criticize in private. (公开表扬，私下批评。)”说明的是批评的规则。以及根据下文“He used it to motivate players. (他用它来激励球员。)”可知，空格处应该说明的是创造这个规则的人。选项E. This rule is credited to the football coach Vince Lombardi. (这条规则是由足球教练文斯·隆巴迪提出的。)能够承上启下，Vince Lombard与He相呼应。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节；满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Almost every kid has eaten a Hershey chocolate bar. But do you know the founder of the chocolate empire, Milton Hershey? In 1872, at age 14, Milton took a ___41___ at Royer’s Ice Cream Parlor in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. At 19, he started his first company in Philadelphia, selling taffy. He loved to ___42___ with candy recipes and soon came up with a soft, chewy caramel (焦糖) that proved to be a big ___43___. Things went well for the company for a while, but Milton gradually found it hard to deal with ___44___ competition. In the year he turned 24, his company collapsed. ___45___, Hershey tried again in Denver, Chicago, and New York. However, his businesses in these cities all ___46___ bankruptcy (破产). If ___47___ is the best teacher, young Milton Hershey could argue that he had earned a ___48___. Some people in the same situation might have ___49___. Not Milton Hershey. He went back to Lancaster and ___50___ a new enterprise — the Lancaster Caramel Company. This time, Milton got it right. Having learned much from his earlier mistakes, Milton and his new company ___51___ quickly. At the 1893 Columbian Exposition, he discovered chocolate- making equipment, ___52___ him to purchase a full set and shift focus to chocolate. In 1894, he opened his first chocolate factory in Derry Church, which was ___53___ and has been known as Hershey ever since. He was to ___54___ what Henry Ford was to automobiles and Steve Jobs was to computers. He ___55___ a luxury for the few into a treat for the masses. 41. A. chance B. job C. break D. look 42. A. experiment B. compare C. stick D. part 43. A. accident B. mistake C. hit D. reward 44. A. fair B. academic C. exciting D. growing 45. A. Astonished B. Alarmed C. Unaffected D. Uninterested 46. A. gave rise to B. recovered from C. dealt with D. ended up in 47. A. failure B. life C. time D. reflection 48. A. reputation B. living C. fortune D. degree 49. A. quit B. recovered C. won D. insisted 50. A. expanded B. bought C. launched D. found 51. A. advanced B. crashed C. separated D. globalized 52. A. qualifying B. signaling C. inspiring D. appointing 53. A. defined B. described C. rebuilt D. renamed 54. A. enterprises B. chocolates C. facilities D. recipes 55. A. transformed B. divided C. integrated D. introduced 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了好时巧克力的创始人Milton Hershey是如何建立自己的巧克力品牌，把少数人的奢侈品变成了大众的享受的。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1872年，14岁的弥尔顿在宾夕法尼亚州兰开斯特的罗耶冰淇淋店找到了一份工作。A. chance机会；B. job工作；C. break间歇，小憩；D. look看。根据后文“at Royer’s Ice Cream Parlor in Lancaster, Pennsylvania”以及下文提到他19岁创业，说明第一份工作是在冰淇淋店铺。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢尝试糖果的配方，很快就想出了一种柔软、有嚼劲的焦糖，结果大受欢迎。A. experiment进行实验，尝试；B. compare比较；C. stick坚持；D. part分开。根据后文“with candy recipes and soon came up with a soft, chewy caramel”可知，他喜欢尝试糖果的配方，很快就想出了一种柔软、有嚼劲的焦糖，故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢尝试糖果的配方，很快就想出了一种柔软、有嚼劲的焦糖，结果大受欢迎。A. accident事故；B. mistake错误；C. hit成功的事物，打击；D. reward奖励。根据后文“Things went well for the company for a while”可知，这种糖果取得了成功，短语be a big hit表示“大受欢迎”。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间，公司发展得很顺利，但弥尔顿逐渐发现难以应对日益激烈的竞争。A. fair公平的；B. academic学术的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. growing增加的，生长。根据上文“but Milton gradually found it hard to deal with”中but表示转折，说明弥尔顿逐渐发现难以应对日益激烈的竞争。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：赫尔歇未受影响，在丹佛、芝加哥和纽约再次尝试。A. Astonished震惊的；B. Alarmed担忧的；C. Unaffected不受影响的；D. Uninterested不感兴趣的。根据上文“In the year he turned 24, his company collapsed.(在他24岁那年，他的公司倒闭了)”以及后文“Hershey tried again in Denver, Chicago, and New York.”指赫尔歇没有受到公司倒闭的影响，故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，他在这些城市生意都以破产告终。A. gave rise to引起；B. recovered from恢复；C. dealt with处理；D. ended up in结束。根据后文“bankruptcy”指生意以破产告终。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果失败是最好的老师，那么年轻的米尔顿·赫尔希可以说他已经获得了一个学位。A. failure失败；B. life生活；C. time时间；D. reflection反思。根据上文bankruptcy可知，公司都破产了，所以是失败是最好的老师，故选A。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果失败是最好的老师，那么年轻的米尔顿·赫尔希可以说他已经获得了一个学位。A. reputation名誉；B. living生活方式；C. fortune运气；D. degree程度。与上文“the best teacher”对应，米尔顿·赫尔希可以说他已经获得了一个学位。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人在同样的情况下可能会放弃。A. quit放弃；B. recovered恢复；C. won赢得；D. insisted坚持。根据上文可知，不断遭受失败，有些人在同样的情况下可能会放弃。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回到兰开斯特，创办了一家新企业——兰开斯特焦糖公司。A. expanded扩大；B. bought购买；C. launched创办，启动；D. found找到。根据后文“a new enterprise—the Lancaster Caramel Company”指创办了一家新企业——兰开斯特焦糖公司。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：弥尔顿从以前的错误中吸取了很多教训，他和他的新公司进步很快。A. advanced前进；B. crashed撞车；C. separated分开；D. globalized全球化。根据上文“Having learned much from his earlier mistakes”可知，因为吸取了教训，所以进步很快，故选A。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1893年的哥伦比亚博览会上，他发现了巧克力制作设备，激励他购买全套设备，并将注意力转移到巧克力上。A. qualifying取得资格；B. signaling示意；C. inspiring鼓舞；D. appointing任命。根据后文“him to purchase a full set and shift focus to chocolate.”可知，发现巧克力制作设备激励他购买全套设备，并将注意力转移到巧克力上。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1894年，他在德里教堂开设了自己的第一家巧克力工厂，后来改名为好时。A. defined定义；B. described描述；C. rebuilt重建；D. renamed重命名。根据后文“and has been known as Hershey ever since”可知，工厂重命名为好时，故选D。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他之于巧克力，就像亨利·福特之于汽车，史蒂夫·乔布斯之于计算机。A. enterprises企业；B. chocolates巧克力；C. facilities设施；D. recipes菜单。根据上文“he opened his first chocolate factory”可知，主要以巧克力闻名，即他之于巧克力，就像亨利·福特之于汽车，史蒂夫·乔布斯之于计算机。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把少数人的奢侈品变成了大众的享受。A. transformed改变；B. divided分开；C. integrated加入；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“a luxury for the few into a treat for the masses”指他把少数人的奢侈品变成了大众的享受，为短语transform…into。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tai chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, ___56___ (celebrate) worldwide for its lasting popularity, despite the fact ___57___ formal statistics on the number of practitioners are absent. Recognized by UNESCO on December 17, 2020 ___58___ an Intangible Cultural Heritage, tai chi’s global appeal has only grown. Guillaume Large, a 44-year-old from Bordeaux, France, turned to tai chi for ___59___ (recover) after a sports injury over 20 years ago. His passion for the art ___60___ (lead) him to establish an association in 2007, devoted to ___61___ (promote) Chinese culture in France through tai chi and language instruction. In 2013, Large began studying under Chen Ziqiang, the head coach of Chenjiangou Tai Chi School in Henan, China. Since then, he has annually brought French students to Chenjiangou ___62___ (deepen) their understanding of tai chi. Large’s efforts reflect a broader trend: a growing French fascination with Chinese culture, ___63___ he hopes will continue to strengthen. Tai chi’s philosophy is rooted in the Tao Te Ching, ___64___ classic Chinese text. It emphasizes the balance of yin and yang, illustrating opposites that can transform into one another, challenging conventional ____65____ (belief) of strength and weakness. Large’s journey and the art of tai chi itself demonstrate this profound interaction of forces. 【答案】56. is celebrated##has been celebrated 57. that 58. as 59. recovery 60. led 61. promoting 62. to deepen 63. which 64. a 65. beliefs 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太极拳因其经久不衰的人气而享誉全球，其中来自法国波尔多的44岁的纪尧姆·拉奇在20多年前的一次运动受伤后，开始打太极以恢复健康。他对武术的热爱使他在2007年成立了一个协会，致力于通过太极拳和语言教学在法国推广中国文化。 【56题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：太极拳，一种古老的中国武术，因其经久不衰的人气而享誉全球，尽管没有关于练习者数量的正式统计数据。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处可理解为太极拳目前普遍被全世界庆祝用一般现在时的被动语态，或理解为太极拳从过去到现在一直被庆祝，可能对现在有影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语用单数，助动词用has。故填is celebrated/has been celebrated。 【57题详解】 考查连词。句意：太极拳，一种古老的中国武术，因其经久不衰的人气而享誉全球，尽管没有关于练习者数量的正式统计数据。引导同位语从句，进一步解释说明前面的名词“the fact”，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用“that”。故填that。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：2020年12月17日，联合国教科文组织将太极拳列为非物质文化遗产，太极拳在全球的吸引力与日俱增。表示“作为”用介词as。故填as。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：来自法国波尔多的44岁的纪尧姆·拉奇在20多年前的一次运动受伤后，开始打太极以恢复健康。作介词的宾语，应用名词recovery。故填recovery。 【60题详解】 考查时态。句意：他对这门艺术的热情引导他在2007年成立了一个协会，致力于通过太极拳和语言教学在法国推广中国文化。根据后文in 2007可知，这里描述的是过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填led。 【61题详解】 考查动名词。句意：他对这门艺术的热情引导他在2007年成立了一个协会，致力于通过太极拳和语言教学在法国推广中国文化。这里需要动名词形式作为介词“to”的宾语。故填promoting。 【62题详解】 考查不定式。句意：从那时起，他每年都会带法国学生来陈江沟，加深他们对太极拳的了解。作目的状语应用不定式。故填to deepen。 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：拉奇的努力反映了一个更广泛的趋势：法国人对中国文化越来越着迷，他希望这种迷恋能继续加强。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，因此使用“which”。故填which。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：太极拳的哲学源于中国经典的《道德经》。text为泛指，且classic是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：太极拳的哲学强调阴阳平衡，展示了可以相互转化的对立面，挑战了关于强弱的传统信念。表示多个信念，因此使用复数形式作宾语。故填beliefs。 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友Jack所在的学校计划组织学生来重庆旅行，请你给他写一封建议信。内容包括： （1）表示欢迎； （2）推荐景点（至少两个）； （3）注意事项。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m thrilled to hear that your school is planning a trip to Chongqing! I wholeheartedly welcome you to my hometown, which is known for its unique culture, delicious food, and breathtaking landscapes. I suggested visiting two must-see spots: Hongya Cave and Ciqikou Ancient Town. Hongya Cave offers stunning views of the city’s skyline and river, especially at night when it’s beautifully li t up. Ciqikou Ancient Town provides a glimpse into Chongqing’s rich history and traditional culture, with its charming old streets and local crafts. What’s more, please note that Chongqing’s summer can be very hot and humid. Make sure to stay hydrated, wear sunscreen, and carry an umbrella for both sun and sudden rain. Wish you an amazing journey filled with wonderful memories. Enjoy your trip and feel free to reach out if you need any more advice or assistance. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jack写一封建议信，因为他所在的学校计划组织学生来重庆旅行。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→excited 建议：suggest→recommend 充满：be filled with→be full of 极好的：amazing→marvelous 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：What’s more, please note that Chongqing’s summer can be very hot and humid. Make sure to stay hydrated, wear sunscreen, and carry an umbrella for both sun and sudden rain. 拓展句：Since Chongqing’s summer can be very hot and humid, make sure to stay hydrated, wear sunscreen, and carry an umbrella for both sun and sudden rain. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m thrilled to hear that your school is planning a trip to Chongqing! (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I wholeheartedly welcome you to my hometown, which is known for its unique culture, delicious food, and breathtaking landscapes. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Both of my parents have taught me the values of service and compassion from a young age. Growing up, they both chose service professions — my mother as a dedicated nurse and my father as a passionate teacher. They not only worked tirelessly in their respective fields but also spent their nights and weekends volunteering, emphasizing the importance of helping others in need. Their dedication and selflessness gave me a lesson that a life dedicated to serving others is one that is truly fulfilling and meaningful. Inspired by their examples, I pursued a career in medicine, becoming a physician. For the past 11 years, I have been working closely with the homeless community, providing them with much needed medical care and support. It has been a challenging yet rewarding journey, as I witness firsthand the impact I can make on improving the lives of those who are often overlooked and marginalized (被边缘化). And my commitment to these things is the spirit that I have passed to my son. I am a proud mother to a boy who shares my enthusiasm for adventures as well as the love for others. He is an enthusiastic bike riders, and I have always encouraged him to pursue his passion while instilling (灌输) in him the values of empathy and kindness. I vividly remember his first biking race, where he fearlessly took the lead and even managed to catch some air with his daring jumps. It was an exhilarating moment for him, and I couldn’t have been prouder. However, it was the last moment in the race that surprised me that day. As the race progressed, competitors were approaching the finishing line. My son was still in the lead during the race, with the second-place rider closely behind him. Suddenly, the rider behind him crashed, flying off his bike. The sound of piercing screams filled the air. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon hearing this, my son stopped his bicycle and turned to look behind him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the end, my son missed the chance to win the championship. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Upon hearing this, my son stopped his bicycle and turned to look behind him. He saw the fallen rider clutching his arm in pain. Without hesitation, my son rushed over, his concern evident as he checked on the injured competitor. “Are you okay?” he asked, his voice filled with genuine worry. The other racers sped past them, focusing on the finish line, but my son remained by the fallen rider’s side. He helped him up gently and supported him as they walked together towards the finish line. Despite the pain, the injured rider managed a grateful smile. In the end, my son missed the chance to win the championship. However, witnessing this act of kindness filled me with immense pride. As we drove home that evening, I couldn’t help but reflect on how our family’s commitment to serving others had truly shaped his character. I recalled how he carefully helped the injured rider to his feet, supporting him as they made their way off the track together. His hands were steady yet gentle, his movements deliberate and comforting. It was moments like these that reaffirmed my belief in the power of leading a life dedicated to helping those in need. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者将自己的生活理念传递给儿子，一直鼓励他追求自己的激情，同时向他灌输同理心和善良的价值观。某次儿子比赛途中，后面的骑手摔倒了，儿子毫不犹豫去帮助他人。虽然最后没有赢得冠军，但是作者为儿子骄傲。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“听到这些，我儿子停下自行车，回头看了看”可知，第一段可描写儿子帮助摔倒的人，对方感谢儿子。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，我儿子失去了赢得冠军的机会”可知，第二段可描写作者为儿子的行为感到骄傲，以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：儿子停车——查看情况——提供帮助——对方感谢——输掉比赛——作者为儿子骄傲——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①充满：be filled with /be full of ②询问：ask/inquire ③反思：reflect on/rethink 情绪类 ①担心：worry/concern ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] I recalled how he carefully helped the injured rider to his feet, supporting him as they made their way off the track together. (运用了how引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] As we drove home that evening, I couldn’t help but reflect on how our family’s commitment to serving others had truly shaped his character. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆市高2025届高三第一次质量检测 英语试题 2024.9 注意事项： 1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共150分，共12页。 2.全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。 3.请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节；满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where is Ron now? A. At a party. B. In a garden. C. In a car. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers probably doing? A. Signing up for classes. B. Applying to universities. C. Discussing a geography project. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Count calories. B. Do more exercise. C. Get a private coach. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Jennie do next Friday? A. Design a poster. B. Attend a sports event. C. Invite some students to her house. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why doesn’t the man look good? A. He caught the flu. B. He didn’t get enough sleep. C. He stayed out in the sun for too long. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Ordering a meal online. B. Picking up food from a market. C. Planning meals to serve at a party. 7. Who usually cooks for the woman now? A. Her mother. B. Her husband. C. Her father. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What did the woman want from the man? A. Some money. B. A ride to the mall. C. A gift for her birthday. 9. What do we know about Gail and Beth? A. They are the man’s best friends. B. They bought some new beauty products. C. They invited the woman to go shopping. 10. What is the man’s suggestion for the woman? A Trying to be a confident person. B. Buying some different products. C. Waiting till Christmas for presents. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Which country is the woman from? A. Monaco. B. South Korea. C. France. 12. Why is the man traveling now? A. He’s on a business trip. B. He’s on a short holiday. C. He’s going to university. 13. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a dormitory. C. In a street. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Ticket seller and passenger. C. Restaurant owner and customer. 15. Where did the woman find her phone? A. In the supermarket. B. In the restaurant. C. At the train station. 16. What color is the woman’s phone? A. Black. B. Pink. C. White. 17. What photo does the woman have on her phone’s home screen? A. A picture of her dog. B. A picture of her on the beach. C. A picture of her and her brother. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What should students do after they find the instrument they like? A. Pay the fee. B. Find Ms. Johnson. C. Meet band members. 19. Why does the speaker recommend learning an instrument? A. It helps students with their grades. B. It teaches students how to read music. C. It offers students more job opportunities. 20. What is the fee for playing the guitar per year? A. $60. B. $50. C. $10. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Studying abroad programs are transformative. You’ll go to class — but you could also explore the timeless and historical landscape of the countries that you may not have the chance to visit on your own. Since 1987, International Studies Abroad (ISA) has provided college students the opportunity to explore the world. We offer high- quality education abroad programs in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, and the Pacific which are bound to turn your dreams into possibilities with unbeatable value. Popular Subject Areas Business, Media Studies, Psychology & Liberal Arts Location London Host University University of Westminster At the heart of London, the University of Westminster was founded in 1838 and has been teaching international students for over 175 years. You can study psychology, politics, international relations, and social sciences. The University has four campuses: three in London’s West End and one in the northwest borough of Harrow. The university features small student-to-teacher scale, creating an enriching atmosphere for you. The university offers a wide variety of traditional and progressive courses as well as theory and practical courses in the field of media, arts and design. Since it is located in the heart of this international and cosmopolitan city, the University of Westminster provides a truly British experience. Term Spring 1 2025 Program Dates Jan 7, 2025- May 17, 2025 Program Length Semester Application Deadline Oct 10, 2024 Forms And Payment Deadline Oct 15, 2024 Credit 60-80 UK Credits Eligibility 2.70 Minimum GPA Cost $25,750 Enjoy Flexibility with ISA We’ve partnered with Arizona State University (ASU) to help you overcome common study abroad challenges by adding ASU online courses to your ISA program. With more than 2,100 online courses to choose from, ISA minimizes academic challenges, like major requirements, so you can make the most of your experience abroad. 21. What is special about the University of Westminster? A. A long history. B. Diverse subjects. C. Small classes. D. Traditional campuses. 22. When can you apply for the Spring 1 2025 program? A. Oct 7, 2024. B. Oct 11, 2024. C. Jan 15, 2025. D. May 10, 2025. 23. How does ISA address the study abroad problems? A. By removing academic burdens. B. Through innovative cooperation. C. Through abundant online courses. D. By increasing major requirements. B Last July 26, at around 11 p. m., an emergency message on the Facebook page caught Callie Clemens’ eye. A tiny black puppy had been spotted running across a road in Spring Branch. Howls had been heard from inside a nearby drain, so there was likely one puppy stuck down there. Clemens drove to the scene. Once there, she heard desperate cries from underground echoing through the pipes. She grabbed a flashlight from her car and got down. “I was not expecting to go into the drain,” Clemens says. But puppies were down there. “Somebody’s got to do it.” After lowering herself roughly 7 feet down the drain, Clemens crawled through a tunnel before reaching an area where she could crouch and search. “I heard splashing.” Clemens says. She pointed her flashlight and saw “two sets of eyes looking at me”. Then the dogs ran off. Around midnight, workers from the local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) arrived and joined Clemens in the drain. They worked until 3 a. m., trying to track down the dogs. But they were not able to find the two dogs that Clemens had seen. Clemens was not about to give up. Although venturing down a storm drain is terrifying, Clemens says, “It would never resonate with me to know that I left an animal in there to starve and suffer.” She went home for a few hours of sleep, then went straight back to the drain, joined by several volunteers, including a local engineer who drew a map of the drain system. After several hours of searching, they finally found one tiny black pup. However, one dog was still left underground. Clemens climbed down the storm drain several more times to look for it, even leaving food, some of which had been eaten. But the fact that Clemens had stopped hearing the dog’s howls made her confident that the puppy found its way out. 24 Why did Callie Clemens drive to the scene? A. To save a puppy. B. To explore a tunnel. C. To control a noise. D. To fix a pipe. 25. What made Callie Clemens decide to go into the drain again? A. The interest in drain system. B. The encouragement from workers. C. Her sympathy for animals. D. Her curiosity about the puppies. 26. What convinced her that the other dog escaped? A. The untouched food. B. The hand- drawn map. C. The disappearance of barks. D. The message from volunteers. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Callie Clemens? A Kind and determined. B. Brave and demanding. C. Smart and encouraging. D. Honest and adventurous. C If you’ve never slept in socks, you might want to give it a try. Sleeping in socks helps to regulate your body temperature, which can lead to falling asleep faster, waking up less, and sleeping in later, according to research. When your core body temperature is regulated, it makes for better sleep, sleep disorders specialist Breus said. Temperature plays a role in quality sleep. A drop in core body temperature signals to the body that it’s time to sleep and occurs alongside the release of melatonin — the sleep hormone. Experts suggest keeping your bedroom between 68 to 72 degrees Fahrenheit for ample sleep. Wearing socks and sleeping in a cool room could be the perfect pairing for a high quality night of rest. If you wear socks to sleep, ensure they aren’t so tight that they restrict blood flow, wrote Breus. It’s important the socks are comfortable so they don’t become a sleep distraction. Breus also suggested they be made of breathable fabric s like cotton, linen, or bamboo. And you should opt for a fresh, clean pair, not the ones you wore all day, sleep therapist Michelle Drerup said. While sleeping in socks is worth a try to get better rest, it’s not a cure-all. If you feel a sensory overload sleeping in socks, research suggests that putting your feet in a warm water bath before bed can give a similar effect. Also, socks aren’t a treatment for insomnia or other sleep problems — you should talk to a medical professional for ongoing issues. And people with circulation (循环) issues should not sleep with socks without talking to their doctor first. Besides, there are other ways to step up your sleep routine, and wake up better rested. 28. What can be inferred from Breus’s opinions? A. Core body temperature depends on socks. B. Comfortable socks are a sleep cure- all. C. A better night rest improves blood flow. D. The selection of socks is significant. 29. What does the phrase “a sensory overload” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. A complete relaxation. B. A strong stimulation. C. A sense of security. D. A sense of relief. 30. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The function of sleeping in socks. B. The body temperature in sleep. C. Melatonin’s role in sleep. D. Methods to regulate sleep. 31. What will be talked about next in the passage? A. The necessity of medical consultations. B. Additional ways to improve sleep quality. C. The choice of suitable sleepwear materials. D. The impact of room temperature on sleep patterns. D People today are much cleverer than they were in previous generations. A study of 72 countries found that average IQs rose by 2.2 points per decade between 1948 and 2020. This stunning change is known as the Flynn Effect after James Flynn, the scientist who first noticed it. Flynn was initially confused by his discovery. It took millions of years for the brain to evolve. How could it improve so rapidly over just a few decades? The answer is largely that people were becoming better nourished and mentally stimulated. Just as muscles need food and exercise to grow strong, the brain also needs the right nutrients and activity to develop. Kids today are much less likely to be malnourished (营养不良的) than they were in past decades, and more likely to go to school. Yet there is no room for satisfaction. In poor and middle-income countries, many children are still too ill-fed to reach the cognitive potential. The world grows enough food, but several obstacles stop nutrients getting into young brains. One is war. Families sheltering around cannot risk out to plant or harvest, and some governments intentionally starve certain regions into submission. Another is disease. Hungry children fall sick more often, and the energy they spend battling bugs cannot be devoted to growing brains. Poverty is also a big part of the problem. But global data from UNICEF, an aid agency, show that although half the children with very restricted diets (including no more than two food groups) are indeed from poor families, the other half are not. Other factors, such as poor eating habits, are to blame as well. Research about how to overcome the obstacles is needed. Some argue that human intelligence will matter less as people entrust (委托) their thinking to artificial intelligence. To assume this would be as foolish as betting 100 years ago that the invention of the car would make it unnecessary to walk. In the workplace, human intelligence and AI will probably assist each other. And brains are for the joy of thinking, as well as earning money. Steven Pinker of Harvard University calls human intelligence “a tailwind in life”, helping people adapt rationally to new challenges or a changing environment. For a modest price, the next generation can have a stronger tailwind. It would not only be wrong to refuse them the tailwind. It would be stupid. 32. What can we learn about the Flynn Effect? A. Average IQs have risen fast in the past decades. B. Intelligence has been stable across generations. C. People now are as intelligent as their ancestors. D. Better education leads to improved physical health. 33. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. The Flynn Effect has reached its peak. B. Global problems continue despite IQ gains. C. Society values human intelligence less. D. Malnutrition is merely a result of poverty. 34. What does the author think of artificial intelligence? A. Useless. B. Unique. C. Beneficial. D. Ineffective. 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. Stages of IQ Development B. Secrets to Rising IQs Worldwide C. Insights Into Global IQ Trend D. Influence of the Flynn Effect 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The experience of modern life is a constant stream of reviews where criticism is common, which makes us struggle both to give and receive it gracefully. ___36___ It’s not personal (even when it’s personal). When criticized, we often make it personal in two ways. ___37___ Additionally, we interpret criticism as a reflection of our inborn abilities rather than our actions. This tendency, observed even in young children, can lead to reduced self-esteem, mood, and persistence. To settle it, adopting a mindset that separates the feedback from the person giving it can help maintain objectivity and resilience (适应力) in the face of criticism. ___38___ Once you depersonalize criticism in this way, you can start to see it for what it is: a rare glimpse into what outsiders think about your performance, and thus a potential opportunity to correct course and improve. Studies indicate that actively engaging with feedback improves academic outcomes. If this doesn’t come easily to you, consider forming a critics’ circle with trusted peers to exchange honest feedback and enhance resilience. Make criticism a gift, never a weapon. We all have to give criticism from time to time. ___39___ Research suggests five key elements for providing constructive feedback: the care of the receiver in mind; respectful delivery; good intentions; a pathway to improvement; and appropriate targeting of the receiver’s needs. Praise in public, criticize in private. ___40___ He used it to motivate players. Research confirms its effectiveness: public praise boosts motivation by 9%, while private criticism increases motivation by 11% compared to public settings. A. View criticism as objective feedback. B. Treat criticism like secret information. C. We shifts the focus from emotion to analysis. D. Therefore, we should approach criticism positively. E. This rule is credited to the football coach Vince Lombardi. F. We may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. G. The key to criticizing is to remember it is intended to help, not harm. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节；满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Almost every kid has eaten a Hershey chocolate bar. But do you know the founder of the chocolate empire, Milton Hershey? In 1872, at age 14, Milton took a ___41___ at Royer’s Ice Cream Parlor in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. At 19, he started his first company in Philadelphia, selling taffy. He loved to ___42___ with candy recipes and soon came up with a soft, chewy caramel (焦糖) that proved to be a big ___43___. Things went well for the company for a while, but Milton gradually found it hard to deal with ___44___ competition. In the year he turned 24, his company collapsed. ___45___, Hershey tried again in Denver, Chicago, and New York. However, his businesses in these cities all ___46___ bankruptcy (破产). If ___47___ is the best teacher, young Milton Hershey could argue that he had earned a ___48___. Some people in the same situation might have ___49___. Not Milton Hershey. He went back to Lancaster and ___50___ a new enterprise — the Lancaster Caramel Company. This time, Milton got it right. Having learned much from his earlier mistakes, Milton and his new company ___51___ quickly. At the 1893 Columbian Exposition, he discovered chocolate- making equipment, ___52___ him to purchase a full set and shift focus to chocolate. In 1894, he opened his first chocolate factory in Derry Church, which was ___53___ and has been known as Hershey ever since. He was to ___54___ what Henry Ford was to automobiles and Steve Jobs was to computers. He ___55___ a luxury for the few into a treat for the masses. 41. A. chance B. job C. break D. look 42. A. experiment B. compare C. stick D. part 43. A. accident B. mistake C. hit D. reward 44. A. fair B. academic C. exciting D. growing 45. A. Astonished B. Alarmed C. Unaffected D. Uninterested 46. A. gave rise to B. recovered from C. dealt with D. ended up in 47. A. failure B. life C. time D. reflection 48. A. reputation B. living C. fortune D. degree 49. A. quit B. recovered C. won D. insisted 50. A. expanded B. bought C. launched D. found 51. A. advanced B. crashed C. separated D. globalized 52. A. qualifying B. signaling C. inspiring D. appointing 53. A. defined B. described C. rebuilt D. renamed 54. A. enterprises B. chocolates C. facilities D. recipes 55. A. transformed B. divided C. integrated D. introduced 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tai chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, ___56___ (celebrate) worldwide for its lasting popularity, despite the fact ___57___ formal statistics on the number of practitioners are absent. Recognized by UNESCO on December 17, 2020 ___58___ an Intangible Cultural Heritage, tai chi’s global appeal has only grown. Guillaume Large, a 44-year-old from Bordeaux, France, turned to tai chi for ___59___ (recover) after a sports injury over 20 years ago. His passion for the art ___60___ (lead) him to establish an association in 2007, devoted to ___61___ (promote) Chinese culture in France through tai chi and language instruction. In 2013, Large began studying under Chen Ziqiang, the head coach of Chenjiangou Tai Chi School in Henan, China. Since then, he has annually brought French students to Chenjiangou ___62___ (deepen) their understanding of tai chi. Large’s efforts reflect a broader trend: a growing French fascination with Chinese culture, ___63___ he hopes will continue to strengthen. Tai chi’s philosophy is rooted in the Tao Te Ching ___64___ classic Chinese text. It emphasizes the balance of yin and yang, illustrating opposites that can transform into one another, challenging conventional ____65____ (belief) of strength and weakness. Large’s journey and the art of tai chi itself demonstrate this profound interaction of forces. 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友Jack所在的学校计划组织学生来重庆旅行，请你给他写一封建议信。内容包括： （1）表示欢迎； （2）推荐景点（至少两个）； （3）注意事项。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Both of my parents have taught me the values of service and compassion from a young age. Growing up, they both chose service professions — my mother as a dedicated nurse and my father as a passionate teacher. They not only worked tirelessly in their respective fields but also spent their nights and weekends volunteering, emphasizing the importance of helping others in need. Their dedication and selflessness gave me a lesson that a life dedicated to serving others is one that is truly fulfilling and meaningful. Inspired by their examples, I pursued a career in medicine, becoming a physician. For the past 11 years, I have been working closely with the homeless community, providing them with much needed medical care and support. It has been a challenging yet rewarding journey, as I witness firsthand the impact I can make on improving the lives of those who are often overlooked and marginalized (被边缘化). And my commitment to these things is the spirit that I have passed to my son. I am a proud mother to a boy who shares my enthusiasm for adventures as well as the love for others. He is an enthusiastic bike riders, and I have always encouraged him to pursue his passion while instilling (灌输) in him the values of empathy and kindness. I vividly remember his first biking race, where he fearlessly took the lead and even managed to catch some air with his daring jumps. It was an exhilarating moment for him, and I couldn’t have been prouder. However, it was the last moment in the race that surprised me that day. As the race progressed, competitors were approaching the finishing line. My son was still in the lead during the race, with the second-place rider closely behind him. Suddenly, the rider behind him crashed, flying off his bike. The sound of piercing screams filled the air. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon hearing this, my son stopped his bicycle and turned to look behind him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the end, my son missed the chance to win the championship. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null