内容正文:
考点03 代词
备战2025年中考英语新课标(核心素养)一轮复习重难点冲冲冲
命题趋势:
代词是代替名词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用可分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。其中,反身代词、物主代词、不定代词和疑问代词是中考的高频考点。比如名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的区别,疑问代词含义区分,不定代词的正确选用,都是考查的重点。对于不同类型代词的相关知识的学习,既要全面又要有重点。
中考考查重点:
一、人称代词; 二、物主代词;
三、反身代词; 四、指示代词;
五、不定代词; 六、相互代词; 七、疑问代词。
考向一:人称代词
1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。
The cat is small. It(此处代指第三人称单数 The dog)is Mary’ s.
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
3. 用法
1). 人称代词的用法
①主格用作主语。
They love their hometown.
他们热爱他们的家乡。
②宾格常用作宾语或表语。
Tom is a good boy. We all like him.
汤姆是个好男孩,我们都喜欢他。
Tell her to write back as soon as possible.
告诉她尽快回信。
Don't blame Peter. It's me who broke the glass.
别怪彼得,是我打破了杯子。
2 ). 用人称代词宾格代替主格的几种情况
①在口语中,人称代词作表语。
—Who is knocking at the window?
谁在敲窗户?
—It's him.
是他。
②口语中,省略句子的谓语,人称代词独立作主语。
—I want to see a film tonight.
今晚我想去看电影。
—Me too. 我也想去。
—I didn't go home last weekend.
我上周末没回家。
—Me neither.
我也是。
3 ) . 人称代词并列时的排列顺序
①单数“2,3,1”,即 “you, he/she and I”。
You, he and I will go swimming next week. 你、我和他下周要去游泳。
②复数“1,2,3”, 即 “we, you and they”。
We, you and they like English. 我们、你们和他们都喜欢英语。
③两性并列“男and女”,即“he and she”。
He and she have never been to Beijing. 他和她从没有去过北京。
④承认错误或承担责任I在前,即“I, he/she, you”。
I and he are to blame for the car accident. 我和他应为这次车祸承担责任。
【注意】you and I 是固定结构,一般语序不变;有尊卑和上下级关系时,常把身份高的人放前面;强调自己时,应将第一人称放最前面。
You and I are to blame.
我和你应为此负责。
He and his secretary left for Shanghai. 他和秘书去上海了。
4 ) . he和she 的特殊用法
①he可指代太阳、雄性动物或庞大而又威猛之物。
②she可指代月亮、雌性动物或柔弱、优美之物,也可代表拟人化说法中的国家、汽车、轮船等无生命的东西,以表达其喜爱或亲切之情。
The fierce lion came at the deer, but he missed her.
凶猛的狮子向鹿扑来,可是没扑到。
Our motherland is great, and we all love her.
我们的祖国很伟大,我们都热爱我们的祖国。
The moon looks beautiful, and I like her.
月亮看起来很美,我喜欢它。
She was Titanic, and it was reported that she would never sink.
它就是泰坦尼克号,据说是一艘永不沉没的船
5 ) . it 的用法
①指前面提到过的事物,避免重复。
The little dog is cute. Is it yours? 那小狗真可爱。它是你的吗?
②指未知性别的婴儿或孩子。
What a beautiful baby! Is it a girl? 多漂亮的宝宝呀!是个女孩儿吗?
③指不明身份的人。
—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It might be the postman. 可能是邮递员。
④指时间、季节、天气、环境或距离。
It is nine o'clock. 现在九点钟了。
It is summer. 现在是夏季了。
It's raining heavily. 雨下得正大。
It is quiet here. 这里很安静。
It is two hours' drive to the city. 开车到那个城市需要两小时。
5) 作形式主语或形式宾语。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。(作形式主语)
I find it important to learn English well. 我发现学好英语很重要。(作形式宾语)
6) 用于强调句型“It is/was...that/who...”,强调句子的非谓语成分。
The boy is learning English in his room now. 那个男孩现在正在他的房间里学英语。
→It is the boy who/that is learning English in his room now.
→It is English that the boy is learning in his room now.
→It is in his room that the boy is learning English now.
→It is now that the boy is learning English in his room.
7) it常用的固定句型。
①It takes sb.+时间段+to do sth. 某人用多长时间做某事。
It took me a year to build a stone house. 我花了一年时间修了一间石屋。
②It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事的时候到了。
It's time to do morning exercises. 做早操的时候到了。
③It's the+序数词+time that...have done...第几次做某事了。
It is the fifth time that I have failed the driving test, and I have no chances.
这是我第五次没能通过驾驶考试,我没有机会了。
④It is/has been+时间段+since+句子 从……已(多长时间了)。
It is/has been six years since he went abroad.
他出国六年了。
⑤It was not long before+句子 用不了多长时间某动作发生了。
It was not long before they came back.
没过多久他们回来了。
⑥It won't be long before+句子 过不了多久某动作将要发生。
It won't be long before he goes to college.
不久以后他就要上大学了。
(2024·北京·中考真题)My friends and I like sports. ________ often play basketball together after school.
A.We B.I C.They D.You
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我和我朋友都喜欢运动。我们经常在放学后一起打篮球。
考查人称代词。We我们;I我;They他们;You你。根据“My friends and I like sports.”可知,此处应用复数代词“we”作主语,表示“我们”经常一起打篮球。故选A。
考向二:物主代词
1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类:
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his/her/its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his/her/ its
ours
yours
theirs
含义
我的
你的
他的/她的/它的
我们的
你们的
他(她,它)们的
3. 用法
(一)形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语,相当于形容词
It's not my mobile phone. 那不是我的手机。
Are these your socks? 这是你的袜子吗?
【注意】①“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示强调,意为“(完全属于)自己的······”。
My sister has her own house.
我姐姐有自己的房子。
We should believe what we see with our own eyes.
我们应该相信我们亲眼看到的。
②在形容词性物主代词构成的固定短语中,物主代词不可省略。
try one's luck 碰运气
in one's opinion 依某人的观点
do one's best 尽最大努力
take one's time 不急,慢慢来
(二)名词性物主代词相当于名词,其后不再接名词
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
1. 作主语
This is not Mary's storybook. Hers is lost. 这不是玛丽的故事书,她的丢了。
2. 作宾语
All showed their ID cards and I showed mine.所有人都出示了身份证,我也出示了我的。
3. 作表语
This bowl is mine and that is yours. 这碗是我的,那碗是你的。
4. 作定语
That student of yours is too naughty. 你的那个学生太淘气了。
【注意】“of+名词性物主代词”是双重所有格,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示什么中的一部分或一个。 使用时要注意与“of+人称代词宾格”进行区别。
Frank is a friend of mine. 弗兰克是我的一位朋友。(弗兰克是我的朋友之一)
Frank is a friend of me. 弗兰克是我的朋友。(我和弗兰克是朋友关系)
(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—Who left this bottle in the lab?
—It’s ________, sir. I’ll be careful with my things from now on.
A.my B.mine C.yours D.your
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——谁把这个瓶子留在实验室的?——是我的,先生。从现在起我会小心我的东西。
考查物主代词。my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词。空后无名词,应用名词性物主代词,排除AD;根据“I’ll be careful with my things from now on.”可知,是“我的”瓶子。故选B。
考向三: 反身代词
(一)反身代词的用法
1. 作宾语
反身代词作宾语,表示动作的承受者是动作的执行者自己。
The little girl can dress herself. 那个小女孩能自己穿衣服。
2. 作表语
在系动词之后,反身代词用来描述感觉、情绪或状态。
He is not feeling himself today. 今天他感觉有点不舒服。
The beautiful girl in the photo is myself. 照片上这个漂亮的小女孩就是我。
3. 作同位语
起加强语气的作用,一般位于名词或代词后,作主语的同位语时也可位于句末。
The teacher himself cleaned the blackboard. 老师亲自擦了黑板。
I want to see your father himself. 我想见你父亲本人。
My little daughter washes dishes herself.
我的小女儿自己洗盘子。
(二)反身代词构成的常用固定短语
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
be not oneself 身体不舒服
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
come to oneself 恢复知觉
help oneself to... 随便吃(用)……
hide oneself 把自己藏起来
teach oneself 自学
lose oneself in... 迷路;全神贯注于……
by oneself 亲自;独自地
talk to oneself 自言自语
for oneself 替自己,为自己
in oneself 本身
反身代词用法口诀
反身代词莫乱用,能在句中宾、表、同;
主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。
单数反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, itself;
复数反身代词:ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
(2024·云南·中考真题)—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——玛丽亚,你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的,我会的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说,你应该相信你自己,故用反身代词yourself。故选B。
考向四:指示代词
1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。
指示代词
用法
例句
this(these)
用于指时间或空间上较近的事物
Is this your pen?
These are my books.
that(those)
用于指时间或空间上较远的事物
That dictionary is Mary’ s.
Are those your books?
2. 用法
表示这个、那个、这些、那些,指明近处、远处、上文、下文、以前或者现在的人或事物,在句中相当于名词和形容词,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
一)表示近指和远指
this, these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物;that, those可指时间或空间较远的人或物
This is my pen and that is your book.
这是我的钢笔,那是你的书。
These books are mine and those ones are yours.
这些书是我的,那些书是你的。
二)打电话时,用this指自己,用that指对方
Hello, this is Bob. Who is that speaking?
喂,你好!我是鲍勃,你是哪位?
三)指刚提到过的或将要提到的事
1. that指刚提到过的事情;this指即将要发生或将要提到的事情
They lost the match and that made them sad.
他们输掉了比赛,那让他们很难过。
I want to know this: did he play the computer games the whole afternoon?
我想知道的是,他整个下午都在玩电脑游戏吗?
2. that 指代上文提到过的不可数名词或可数名词的单数;those 指代上文提到过的可数名词复数
The price of gold is much higher than that of silver.
黄金的价格比银的价格高多了。
The nights in summer are shorter than those in winter.
夏天的夜晚比冬天的夜晚短。
(2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题)—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning?
—Yes, I think it works well.
A. it B. that C. this D. its
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你认为阅读英语杂志对英语学习有用吗?——是的,我认为效果很好。考查it作形式宾语。it它;that那;this这;its它的。分析句子可知,此处应用it作形式宾语,动词不定式to read English magazines作真正的宾语。故选A。
考向五:不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1. 不定代词的句法功能
不定代词
成分
all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one
在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语
everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none
在句中可作主语、宾语和表语
every,no
在句中只能作定语
2.不定代词的基本语法
(1)some、any的用法
用法
例句
some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词
Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词)
Do you have any brothers or sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词)
some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any
Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。
Will you give me some water? 请给我一些水好吗?
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何"
If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。
Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。
some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的"
Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。
Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。
(2)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法
用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念
a few虽少,但有几个
a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念
few不多,几乎没有
little不多,没有什么
【知识拓展】
1. 这四个词或词组在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。
Few of us have been to Beijing. 我们中几乎没有人去过北京。(主语)
I know little about the book. 我几乎不知道这本书的内容。(宾语)
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。(定语)
He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。(定语)
2. a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示"有点,稍微",little表示"很少"。
I’ m a little hungry. 我有点俄。(修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. 让他睡一会儿。(修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a little faster, please. 玛丽,请走快一点儿。(修饰副词比较级)
(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法
用法
例句
other
某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的
Where are his other books?
他的另一些书在哪里?
others
其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构
Some are red, and others are black.
一些是红的,另一些是黑的。
the other
两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构
She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher.
她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。
the others
其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部
In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。
another
另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个"
You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗?
(4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法
用法
例句
all
①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;
all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。
All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。
Not all books are good.(= All books are not good.
不是所有的书都是好书。
【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。
All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。
both
①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语;
②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither;
③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。
They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。
Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球
【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。
Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。
They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。
none
①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语;
②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。
None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。
None of the rubbish has been removed.
垃圾一点也没运走。
【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。
—How many students are there in the classroom now? 现在教室里有多少学生?
—None. 没有一个人。
—Who is in the classroom now? 现在谁在教室呢?
—No one. 没人。
either
①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语;
②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。
The two guests have arrived and either is welcome.
两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。
【知识拓展】
(1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。
Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。
(2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。
He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
neither
①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语;
②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。
Neither answer is correct.
两个答案都不对。
Neither he nor I am a doctor.
他和我都不是医生。
【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
(5)复合不定代词的用法
由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。
用法
例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语)
Do you need anything? 你需要点什么吗?(宾语)
Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
收音机没有什么问题。
由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情"
There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。
Is there anything interesting in the newspaper?
报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗?
【易错警示】
every day与everyday的区别:
1. every day是名词短语,在句中充当状语,修饰整个句子。
I finish my homework before 9 every day. 我每天九点前完成作业。
2. everyday是形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词。
Everyday work makes me bored. 每天的工作让我很烦。
(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you? They’re delicious.
— ________ . I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet.
A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁给你煮的热干面?它们是美味的。——没有人。我自己在网上学会的。
考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人;somebody某人;nobody没有人。根据“I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet”可知,自己在网上学会的,所以此处指没有人给自己煮,故选C。
考向六:疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today?
今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
To whom you were talking just now?
你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child?
小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this?
这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad?
这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best?
你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much?
是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
► Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
► What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
► What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
► What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
► What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
► What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
(2024·广西·统考中考真题) —Henry, ________ is your job?
—I’m a policeman
A. how B. where C. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——亨利,你的工作是什么?——我是一名警察。考查特殊疑问句。how如何;where在哪里;what什么。根据“...is your job?”和“I’m a policeman.”可知,询问工作是什么,故选C。
1.—Does the new teacher Mr Lin teach ________ Chinese?
—No, ________ Chinese teacher is Miss Li. ________ knows Mr Lin.
A.your; our; Her B.you; ours; Her C.your; ours; She D.you; our; She
2.Their plants don’t grow very well, but ____ look really good.
A.we B.our C.ours D.ourselves
3.—Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a real shop or a supermarket?
—________. I am used to shopping online.
A.Neither B.Either C.None D.Both
4.—Are there any new movies on at the cinema?
—Yes. YOLO (《热辣滚烫》) and Pegasus 2 (《飞驰人生2》) are wonderful. You can choose ________ of them to see.
A.all B.either C.neither D.none
5.—All the books here are useful to you. Which one do you like best?
—________. I’m too busy to read these days.
A.Neither B.None C.Either
6.—Whose passport is this?
—Mary’s name is on it. It must be ______.
A.his B.hers C.him D.her
7.________ thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.
A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
8.Seeing the offer from the university which she was looking forward to, Lily was too excited to say ________.
A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
9.—Listen! Who is knocking _________ the door?
—I think _________ may be Lisa.
A.in; she B.in; it C.at; she D.at; it
10.—Which film do you prefer, Article 20 or YOLO ?
—_________. I like Kung Fu Panda 4 better.
A.Both B.Neither C.All D.None
11.—Would you like something to drink, milk or tea?
—________ is OK. I don’t mind.
A.Neither B.Either C.None
12.The use of AI technology develops fast and makes ________ possible for cars to drive on the road without the drivers.
A.one B.that C.it
13.—Which film would you like to watch tonight, You Only Live Once or Article 20?
— ________ is OK. Both of them are good movies.
A.Neither B.Either C.Both
14.Our Teacher always tells us to trust ______ and believe our abilities, and we’ll succeed one day.
A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves
15.—I think ________ can make Mark change his mind.
—Yes. He never gives up easily.
A.nothing B.something C.everything
16.Tom always walks to school. This bike can’t be ________.
A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his
17.—When shall we meet again, this Saturday or Sunday?
— ________ day is OK. I will be in Nanjing this weekend.
A.Either B.Neither C.Each D.None
18.Some apps like AliExpress and Temu make ________ faster and easier for people around the world to shop online.
A.it B.this C.that
19.—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot?
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A.Both B.Neither C.Either
20.I love my country as you love ________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
1. (2024·福建·统考中考真题)Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better.
A. we B. us C. our
2. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
3. (2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
4. (2024·广西·统考中考真题)—Andy, who are the girls over there?
—________ are my sisters, Lily and Lucy.
A. They B. We C. You
5. (2024·河北·统考中考真题)—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch?
—No, ________ is pink.
A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours
6. (2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese.
A. a few B. a little C. little
7. (2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题)—Hi, Linda. The bicycle is the newest style. Is it Mary’s?
—Yes, it’s ________. She bought it last week.
A. mine B. yours C. hers
8. (2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题)—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
9. (2024·四川达州市·中考真题)—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month?
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A. anything special B. special anything C. something special
10. (2024·四川泸州市·中考真题)—The best things in life are free.
—Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it.
A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
11. (2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题)—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning?
—Yes, I think it works well.
A. it B. that C. this D. its
12. (2024·四川雅安市·中考真题)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________?
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A. you B. yours C. your D. yourself
13. (2024·甘肃省武威·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
14. (2024·四川雅安市·中考真题)—Tommy, is there____________ in the classroom now?
—No. All the students are having a P. E. lesson on the playground.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
15. (2024·天津·中考真题)When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________.
A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine
16. (2024·云南省·中考真题)—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself
17. (2024·福建·统考中考真题)—________ is the biggest blue whale?
—As I know, it weighs about 181, 000 kilos.
A. How heavy B. How long C. How wide
18. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English?
—For 7 years.
A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big
19. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ was the zipper invented?
—In 1893.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
20. (2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English?
—For 7 years.
A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big
21.(2024·广西·统考中考真题) —Henry, ________ is your job?
—I’m a policeman
A. how B. where C. what
22. (2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题)He found ________ very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
A. this B. that C. it
23. (2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ________ could be seen clearly.
A. anything B. something C. nothing
24. (2024·四川成都·统考中考真题)Miss Lin teaches piano very well. With ________ help, I’ve made great progress.
A. his B. her C. their
1.(2024·海南海口·一模)I advise you not to show _______ on the WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A.anything personal B.something personal C.personal anything
2.(2024·河北石家庄·二模)You should believe in ________. I am sure you will succeed.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
3.(2024·安徽合肥·二模)—When in trouble, turn to ________ but yourself for help.
—Exactly. We should try to solve the problems on our own.
A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody
4.(2024·黑龙江绥化·三模)—Did you enjoy ______ in Sanya during the Spring Festival?
—Yes, we had a good time ______ in the sea.
A.you; swims B.yourself; swim C.yourselves; swimming
5.(2024·黑龙江绥化·三模)—What would you like to buy for your mother’s birthday?
—I would like to buy ______.
A.special something B.something special C.anything special
6.(2024·江苏连云港·二模)________ is in the classroom. All the students are having a meeting in the hall.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
7.(2024·河北邯郸·二模)—What would you like, Michael?
—Coffee. To get refreshed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
8.(2024·四川成都·三模)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ________ of them very much.
A.either B.any C.neither
9.(2024·江苏连云港·二模)Nancy got a nice gift from her aunt. It makes ________ very excited.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
10.(2024·河北唐山·二模)My brother and I like football. ________ play it together once a week.
A.I B.They C.We D.He
11.(2024·安徽六安·三模)Little Tom stuck a tiny red flag on ________ side of his face to celebrate his victory.
A.both B.every C.each D.any
12.(2024·江苏·二模)Since Nantong Metro Line 2 came into operation, the time on the trip has been much less than ________ in the past.
A.that B.this C.one D.it
13.(2024·甘肃陇南·三模)Don’t stay up late. It’s time ________ to bed.
A.go B.went C.going D.to go
14.(2024·江苏泰州·二模)—To most Chinese parents, children always mean ________.
—Exactly. Parents’ love is the most selfless.
A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything
15.(2024·北京西城·二模)Tom and Mike are very kind. We like _______ very much.
A.him B.her C.us D.them
16.(2024·云南昆明·一模)—Mr. Li, which of the two answers is correct?
—________. Both of them are wrong.
A.Both B.All C.Either D.Neither
17.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)Simon, please come here! I have ________ to tell you.
A.important something B.anything important
C.something important D.important anything
18.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)He found ________ very difficult to drive on the countryside road.
A.its B.it C.this D.that
19.(2024·江苏常州·二模)Many friends tried to help the twins solve the problem without hurting their feelings, but ________ failed.
A.either B.all C.none D.both
20.(2024·江苏常州·二模)“________ is young once in their life. Now is the time for you to make the most of your youth.” President Xi Jinping said in his speech.
A.Nobody B.Somebody C.Everybody D.Nothing
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考点03 代词
备战2025年中考英语新课标(核心素养)一轮复习重难点冲冲冲
命题趋势:
代词是代替名词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用可分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。其中,反身代词、物主代词、不定代词和疑问代词是中考的高频考点。比如名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的区别,疑问代词含义区分,不定代词的正确选用,都是考查的重点。对于不同类型代词的相关知识的学习,既要全面又要有重点。
中考考查重点:
一、人称代词; 二、物主代词;
三、反身代词; 四、指示代词;
五、不定代词; 六、相互代词; 七、疑问代词。
考向一:人称代词
1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。
The cat is small. It(此处代指第三人称单数 The dog)is Mary’ s.
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
3. 用法
1). 人称代词的用法
①主格用作主语。
They love their hometown.
他们热爱他们的家乡。
②宾格常用作宾语或表语。
Tom is a good boy. We all like him.
汤姆是个好男孩,我们都喜欢他。
Tell her to write back as soon as possible.
告诉她尽快回信。
Don't blame Peter. It's me who broke the glass.
别怪彼得,是我打破了杯子。
2 ). 用人称代词宾格代替主格的几种情况
①在口语中,人称代词作表语。
—Who is knocking at the window?
谁在敲窗户?
—It's him.
是他。
②口语中,省略句子的谓语,人称代词独立作主语。
—I want to see a film tonight.
今晚我想去看电影。
—Me too. 我也想去。
—I didn't go home last weekend.
我上周末没回家。
—Me neither.
我也是。
3 ) . 人称代词并列时的排列顺序
①单数“2,3,1”,即 “you, he/she and I”。
You, he and I will go swimming next week. 你、我和他下周要去游泳。
②复数“1,2,3”, 即 “we, you and they”。
We, you and they like English. 我们、你们和他们都喜欢英语。
③两性并列“男and女”,即“he and she”。
He and she have never been to Beijing. 他和她从没有去过北京。
④承认错误或承担责任I在前,即“I, he/she, you”。
I and he are to blame for the car accident. 我和他应为这次车祸承担责任。
【注意】you and I 是固定结构,一般语序不变;有尊卑和上下级关系时,常把身份高的人放前面;强调自己时,应将第一人称放最前面。
You and I are to blame.
我和你应为此负责。
He and his secretary left for Shanghai. 他和秘书去上海了。
4 ) . he和she 的特殊用法
①he可指代太阳、雄性动物或庞大而又威猛之物。
②she可指代月亮、雌性动物或柔弱、优美之物,也可代表拟人化说法中的国家、汽车、轮船等无生命的东西,以表达其喜爱或亲切之情。
The fierce lion came at the deer, but he missed her.
凶猛的狮子向鹿扑来,可是没扑到。
Our motherland is great, and we all love her.
我们的祖国很伟大,我们都热爱我们的祖国。
The moon looks beautiful, and I like her.
月亮看起来很美,我喜欢它。
She was Titanic, and it was reported that she would never sink.
它就是泰坦尼克号,据说是一艘永不沉没的船
5 ) . it 的用法
①指前面提到过的事物,避免重复。
The little dog is cute. Is it yours? 那小狗真可爱。它是你的吗?
②指未知性别的婴儿或孩子。
What a beautiful baby! Is it a girl? 多漂亮的宝宝呀!是个女孩儿吗?
③指不明身份的人。
—Who is knocking at the door? 谁在敲门?
—It might be the postman. 可能是邮递员。
④指时间、季节、天气、环境或距离。
It is nine o'clock. 现在九点钟了。
It is summer. 现在是夏季了。
It's raining heavily. 雨下得正大。
It is quiet here. 这里很安静。
It is two hours' drive to the city. 开车到那个城市需要两小时。
5) 作形式主语或形式宾语。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。(作形式主语)
I find it important to learn English well. 我发现学好英语很重要。(作形式宾语)
6) 用于强调句型“It is/was...that/who...”,强调句子的非谓语成分。
The boy is learning English in his room now. 那个男孩现在正在他的房间里学英语。
→It is the boy who/that is learning English in his room now.
→It is English that the boy is learning in his room now.
→It is in his room that the boy is learning English now.
→It is now that the boy is learning English in his room.
7) it常用的固定句型。
①It takes sb.+时间段+to do sth. 某人用多长时间做某事。
It took me a year to build a stone house. 我花了一年时间修了一间石屋。
②It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事的时候到了。
It's time to do morning exercises. 做早操的时候到了。
③It's the+序数词+time that...have done...第几次做某事了。
It is the fifth time that I have failed the driving test, and I have no chances.
这是我第五次没能通过驾驶考试,我没有机会了。
④It is/has been+时间段+since+句子 从……已(多长时间了)。
It is/has been six years since he went abroad.
他出国六年了。
⑤It was not long before+句子 用不了多长时间某动作发生了。
It was not long before they came back.
没过多久他们回来了。
⑥It won't be long before+句子 过不了多久某动作将要发生。
It won't be long before he goes to college.
不久以后他就要上大学了。
(2024·北京·中考真题)My friends and I like sports. ________ often play basketball together after school.
A.We B.I C.They D.You
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我和我朋友都喜欢运动。我们经常在放学后一起打篮球。
考查人称代词。We我们;I我;They他们;You你。根据“My friends and I like sports.”可知,此处应用复数代词“we”作主语,表示“我们”经常一起打篮球。故选A。
考向二:物主代词
1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类:
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his/her/its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his/her/ its
ours
yours
theirs
含义
我的
你的
他的/她的/它的
我们的
你们的
他(她,它)们的
3. 用法
(一)形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语,相当于形容词
It's not my mobile phone. 那不是我的手机。
Are these your socks? 这是你的袜子吗?
【注意】①“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示强调,意为“(完全属于)自己的······”。
My sister has her own house.
我姐姐有自己的房子。
We should believe what we see with our own eyes.
我们应该相信我们亲眼看到的。
②在形容词性物主代词构成的固定短语中,物主代词不可省略。
try one's luck 碰运气
in one's opinion 依某人的观点
do one's best 尽最大努力
take one's time 不急,慢慢来
(二)名词性物主代词相当于名词,其后不再接名词
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
1. 作主语
This is not Mary's storybook. Hers is lost. 这不是玛丽的故事书,她的丢了。
2. 作宾语
All showed their ID cards and I showed mine.所有人都出示了身份证,我也出示了我的。
3. 作表语
This bowl is mine and that is yours. 这碗是我的,那碗是你的。
4. 作定语
That student of yours is too naughty. 你的那个学生太淘气了。
【注意】“of+名词性物主代词”是双重所有格,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示什么中的一部分或一个。 使用时要注意与“of+人称代词宾格”进行区别。
Frank is a friend of mine. 弗兰克是我的一位朋友。(弗兰克是我的朋友之一)
Frank is a friend of me. 弗兰克是我的朋友。(我和弗兰克是朋友关系)
(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—Who left this bottle in the lab?
—It’s ________, sir. I’ll be careful with my things from now on.
A.my B.mine C.yours D.your
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——谁把这个瓶子留在实验室的?——是我的,先生。从现在起我会小心我的东西。
考查物主代词。my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词。空后无名词,应用名词性物主代词,排除AD;根据“I’ll be careful with my things from now on.”可知,是“我的”瓶子。故选B。
考向三: 反身代词
(一)反身代词的用法
1. 作宾语
反身代词作宾语,表示动作的承受者是动作的执行者自己。
The little girl can dress herself. 那个小女孩能自己穿衣服。
2. 作表语
在系动词之后,反身代词用来描述感觉、情绪或状态。
He is not feeling himself today. 今天他感觉有点不舒服。
The beautiful girl in the photo is myself. 照片上这个漂亮的小女孩就是我。
3. 作同位语
起加强语气的作用,一般位于名词或代词后,作主语的同位语时也可位于句末。
The teacher himself cleaned the blackboard. 老师亲自擦了黑板。
I want to see your father himself. 我想见你父亲本人。
My little daughter washes dishes herself.
我的小女儿自己洗盘子。
(二)反身代词构成的常用固定短语
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
be not oneself 身体不舒服
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
come to oneself 恢复知觉
help oneself to... 随便吃(用)……
hide oneself 把自己藏起来
teach oneself 自学
lose oneself in... 迷路;全神贯注于……
by oneself 亲自;独自地
talk to oneself 自言自语
for oneself 替自己,为自己
in oneself 本身
反身代词用法口诀
反身代词莫乱用,能在句中宾、表、同;
主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。
单数反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, itself;
复数反身代词:ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
(2024·云南·中考真题)—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——玛丽亚,你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的,我会的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说,你应该相信你自己,故用反身代词yourself。故选B。
考向四:指示代词
1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。
指示代词
用法
例句
this(these)
用于指时间或空间上较近的事物
Is this your pen?
These are my books.
that(those)
用于指时间或空间上较远的事物
That dictionary is Mary’ s.
Are those your books?
2. 用法
表示这个、那个、这些、那些,指明近处、远处、上文、下文、以前或者现在的人或事物,在句中相当于名词和形容词,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
一)表示近指和远指
this, these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物;that, those可指时间或空间较远的人或物
This is my pen and that is your book.
这是我的钢笔,那是你的书。
These books are mine and those ones are yours.
这些书是我的,那些书是你的。
二)打电话时,用this指自己,用that指对方
Hello, this is Bob. Who is that speaking?
喂,你好!我是鲍勃,你是哪位?
三)指刚提到过的或将要提到的事
1. that指刚提到过的事情;this指即将要发生或将要提到的事情
They lost the match and that made them sad.
他们输掉了比赛,那让他们很难过。
I want to know this: did he play the computer games the whole afternoon?
我想知道的是,他整个下午都在玩电脑游戏吗?
2. that 指代上文提到过的不可数名词或可数名词的单数;those 指代上文提到过的可数名词复数
The price of gold is much higher than that of silver.
黄金的价格比银的价格高多了。
The nights in summer are shorter than those in winter.
夏天的夜晚比冬天的夜晚短。
(2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题)—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning?
—Yes, I think it works well.
A. it B. that C. this D. its
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你认为阅读英语杂志对英语学习有用吗?——是的,我认为效果很好。考查it作形式宾语。it它;that那;this这;its它的。分析句子可知,此处应用it作形式宾语,动词不定式to read English magazines作真正的宾语。故选A。
考向五:不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1. 不定代词的句法功能
不定代词
成分
all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one
在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语
everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none
在句中可作主语、宾语和表语
every,no
在句中只能作定语
2.不定代词的基本语法
(1)some、any的用法
用法
例句
some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词
Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词)
Do you have any brothers or sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词)
some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any
Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。
Will you give me some water? 请给我一些水好吗?
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何"
If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。
Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。
some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的"
Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。
Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。
(2)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法
用于可数名词
用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念
a few虽少,但有几个
a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念
few不多,几乎没有
little不多,没有什么
【知识拓展】
1. 这四个词或词组在句中都可作主语、宾语和定语。
Few of us have been to Beijing. 我们中几乎没有人去过北京。(主语)
I know little about the book. 我几乎不知道这本书的内容。(宾语)
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。(定语)
He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。(定语)
2. a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示"有点,稍微",little表示"很少"。
I’ m a little hungry. 我有点俄。(修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. 让他睡一会儿。(修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a little faster, please. 玛丽,请走快一点儿。(修饰副词比较级)
(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法
用法
例句
other
某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的
Where are his other books?
他的另一些书在哪里?
others
其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构
Some are red, and others are black.
一些是红的,另一些是黑的。
the other
两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构
She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher.
她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。
the others
其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部
In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。
another
另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个"
You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗?
(4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法
用法
例句
all
①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;
all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。
All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。
Not all books are good.(= All books are not good.
不是所有的书都是好书。
【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。
All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。
both
①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语;
②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither;
③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。
They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。
Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球
【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。
Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。
They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。
none
①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语;
②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。
None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。
None of the rubbish has been removed.
垃圾一点也没运走。
【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。
—How many students are there in the classroom now? 现在教室里有多少学生?
—None. 没有一个人。
—Who is in the classroom now? 现在谁在教室呢?
—No one. 没人。
either
①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语;
②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。
The two guests have arrived and either is welcome.
两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。
【知识拓展】
(1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。
Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。
(2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。
He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
neither
①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语;
②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。
Neither answer is correct.
两个答案都不对。
Neither he nor I am a doctor.
他和我都不是医生。
【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
(5)复合不定代词的用法
由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。
用法
例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语)
Do you need anything? 你需要点什么吗?(宾语)
Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面
There is nothing wrong with the radio.
收音机没有什么问题。
由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情"
There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。
Is there anything interesting in the newspaper?
报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗?
【易错警示】
every day与everyday的区别:
1. every day是名词短语,在句中充当状语,修饰整个句子。
I finish my homework before 9 every day. 我每天九点前完成作业。
2. everyday是形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词。
Everyday work makes me bored. 每天的工作让我很烦。
(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you? They’re delicious.
— ________ . I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet.
A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁给你煮的热干面?它们是美味的。——没有人。我自己在网上学会的。
考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人;somebody某人;nobody没有人。根据“I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet”可知,自己在网上学会的,所以此处指没有人给自己煮,故选C。
考向六:疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词
用法
例句
Who
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语
Who is on duty today?
今天谁值日?
Whom
表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom
To whom you were talking just now?
你刚才和谁说话呢?
Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child?
小时候你经常和谁玩?
Whose
表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语
Whose iPad is this?
这是谁的iPad? (定语)
Whose is this iPad?
这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which
表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语
Which animal do you like best?
你最喜欢哪种动物?
Which is cheaper, this printer or that one? 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what
表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语
What makes you love your hometown so much?
是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
► Which do you like, rice or meat? 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
► What do you like? 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语?或What do/does/did+主语+ do?
► What does your father do?=What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like?
► What’ s the weather like? 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like?
► What does she look like? 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...?
► What about going out for a movie? 出去看电影怎么样?
(2024·广西·统考中考真题) —Henry, ________ is your job?
—I’m a policeman
A. how B. where C. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——亨利,你的工作是什么?——我是一名警察。考查特殊疑问句。how如何;where在哪里;what什么。根据“...is your job?”和“I’m a policeman.”可知,询问工作是什么,故选C。
1.—Does the new teacher Mr Lin teach ________ Chinese?
—No, ________ Chinese teacher is Miss Li. ________ knows Mr Lin.
A.your; our; Her B.you; ours; Her C.your; ours; She D.you; our; She
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——新老师林老师教你们语文吗?——不,我们的语文老师是李老师。她认识林老师。
考查人称代词。第一空teach是动词,遵循动宾原则,后接人称代词宾格,you的宾格是you;第二空Chinese teacher是名词短语,前面用形容词性物主代词充当定语来修饰,we的形容词性物主代词是our;第三空knows是动词,前面需要主格来充当主语,she的主格就是she。故选D。
2.Their plants don’t grow very well, but ____ look really good.
A.we B.our C.ours D.ourselves
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们的植物长得不好,但我们的看起来很好。A. we我们,人称代词的主格;B. our我们的,形容词性的物主代词;C. ours我们的,名词性的物主代词;D. ourselves我们自己,反身代词。分析句子结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,可以做主语的是人称代词的主格或名词性的物主代词,故排除B/D;根据Their plants don’t grow very well他们的植物长得不好,可知,该句话是指我们的植物看起来很好。而不是我们(we)看起来很好。因此用ours=our plants。故选C。
3.—Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a real shop or a supermarket?
—________. I am used to shopping online.
A.Neither B.Either C.None D.Both
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你在哪儿买的那顶漂亮的帽子,真正的商店还是超市?——都不是。我习惯在网上购物。
考查不定代词辨析。neither两者都不;either两者中的任何一个;none三者或三者以上都不;both两者都。根据“from a real shop or a supermarket”及“I am used to shopping online”可知,既不是在商店买的也不是在超市买的,而是在网上买的。故选A。
4.—Are there any new movies on at the cinema?
—Yes. YOLO (《热辣滚烫》) and Pegasus 2 (《飞驰人生2》) are wonderful. You can choose ________ of them to see.
A.all B.either C.neither D.none
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——电影院正在上映新电影吗?——是的。《热辣滚烫》和《飞驰人生2》都很棒。你可以选择其中一个来看。
考查代词辨析。all所有;either两者中任意一个;neither两者都不;none三者及以上都不;根据“YOLO (《热辣滚烫》) and Pegesus 2 (《飞驰人生2》) are wonderful. You can choose...of them to see.”可知,是从两个中选择一个,故选B。
5.—All the books here are useful to you. Which one do you like best?
—________. I’m too busy to read these days.
A.Neither B.None C.Either
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这里所有的书对你都有用。你最喜欢哪一本?——都没有。我最近太忙了,无暇阅读。
考查不定代词。Neither两者都不;None没有一个,毫无,用于三个或更多的选择中;Either两个选择中任意一个。在这个对话中,“All the books”指的是三本或更多的书,所以使用“None”是最合适的。故选B。
6.—Whose passport is this?
—Mary’s name is on it. It must be ______.
A.his B.hers C.him D.her
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是谁的护照?——上面写着玛丽的名字,一定是她的。
考查名词性物主代词。his他的;hers她的;him他;her她/她的。此处表示Mary,应是女孩,排除A/C;此空后没有名词,因此需用名词性物主代词hers表示“她的护照”,故选B。
7.________ thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.
A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Nobody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:没人认为他能坚持住。然而,他最终赢得了比赛。
考查代词辨析。Everybody每个人;Somebody某人;Nobody没有人。根据“thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.”可知转折词前表示没有人认为他能坚持住。故选C。
8.Seeing the offer from the university which she was looking forward to, Lily was too excited to say ________.
A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看到期待已久的大学录取通知书,莉莉激动得说不出话来。
考查不定代词辨析。nothing没什么;anything任何事情;something某事;everything每件事。根据“Lily was too excited to say...”可知,莉莉激动得说不出任何话,本句是否定含义,用anything。故选B。
9.—Listen! Who is knocking _________ the door?
—I think _________ may be Lisa.
A.in; she B.in; it C.at; she D.at; it
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——听!谁在敲门?——我觉得可能是丽莎。
考查介词和代词辨析。in在……里面;at在;she她;it它。根据“Who is knocking...the door?”可知,此处指敲门,应用短语knock at the door,所以第一空应选介词at;根据“I think...may be Lisa.”可知,此处表示可能是丽莎,即不确定是否是丽莎,所以空格处应选人称代词it,用于指代无法确定的人。故选D。
10.—Which film do you prefer, Article 20 or YOLO ?
—_________. I like Kung Fu Panda 4 better.
A.Both B.Neither C.All D.None
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你更喜欢哪部电影,《第二十条》还是《热辣滚烫》?——都不喜欢。我更喜欢《功夫熊猫4》。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都;Neither两者都不;All三者或三者以上都。None三者或三者以上都不。根据“Article 20 or YOLO”可知,此处指两者,排除选项C和D;又根据“I like Kung Fu Panda 4 better.”可知,前面提到的两部电影都不喜欢,故选B。
11.—Would you like something to drink, milk or tea?
—________ is OK. I don’t mind.
A.Neither B.Either C.None
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你想喝点什么,牛奶还是茶?——都可以。我不介意。
考查代词辨析。Neither两者都不;Either两者之中任意一个;None没有一个。根据“milk or tea”以及“I don’t mind.”可知,是两者中任意一个都可以。故选B。
12.The use of AI technology develops fast and makes ________ possible for cars to drive on the road without the drivers.
A.one B.that C.it
【答案】C
【详解】句意:人工智能技术的应用发展迅速,使汽车在没有司机的情况下行驶成为可能。
考查形式宾语。one一个;that那个;it它。分析题干可知,此处是it作形式宾语,后面的动词不定式作真正宾语,故选C。
13.—Which film would you like to watch tonight, You Only Live Once or Article 20?
— ________ is OK. Both of them are good movies.
A.Neither B.Either C.Both
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——今晚你想看哪部电影,《热辣滚烫》还是《第20条》? ——都可以。它们都是好电影。
考查代词辨析。neither两者都不;either(两者中的)任何一个;both两者都。根据“Both of them are good movies.”可知,这两部电影都可以,排除A选项。谓语动词“is”是单数,而both作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式,排除C。故选B。
14.Our Teacher always tells us to trust ______ and believe our abilities, and we’ll succeed one day.
A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们的老师总是告诉我们要相信自己,相信自己的能力,总有一天我们会成功的。
考查代词。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己。根据“Our Teacher always tells us to trust”可知,我们的老师总是告诉我们要相信自己,此处指的是“我们自己”。故选D。
15.—I think ________ can make Mark change his mind.
—Yes. He never gives up easily.
A.nothing B.something C.everything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我想什么也不能使马克改变主意。——是的。他从不轻易放弃。
考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么;something某事;everything一切。根据“He never gives up easily.”可知,他从不轻易放弃,所以没有什么能使马克改变主意。故选A。
16.Tom always walks to school. This bike can’t be ________.
A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his
【答案】D
【详解】句意:汤姆总是步行去学校。这辆自行车不可能是他的。
考查代词辨析。mine我的;hers她的;yours你的;his他的。根据“Tom always walks to school.”可知,此处代指Tom,为男性,应是用第三人称his。故选D。
17.—When shall we meet again, this Saturday or Sunday?
— ________ day is OK. I will be in Nanjing this weekend.
A.Either B.Neither C.Each D.None
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们什么时候会再见面,这个星期六还是星期天?——这两天都不行。这个周末我将在南京。
考查代词辨析。Either两个中的一个;Neither两个都不;Each每个;None三个及以上都不。由“this Saturday or Sunday”及“I will be in Nanjing this weekend”可知,因为我要去南京,所以星期六和星期天这两天都不可以。故选B。
18.Some apps like AliExpress and Temu make ________ faster and easier for people around the world to shop online.
A.it B.this C.that
【答案】A
【详解】句意:AliExpress和Temu等一些应用程序使世界各地的人们可以更快、更容易地在线购物。
考查代词辨析。it它;this这个;that那个。根据“Some apps like AliExpress and Temu make…faster and easier for people around the world to shop online.”可知,此处指AliExpress和Temu等一些应用程序使世界各地的人们可以更快、更容易地在线购物;本句是固定句型“make+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构,it作形式宾语,后面的动词不定式是真正宾语,空处应填it。故选A。
19.—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot?
—________ is OK. It’s up to you.
A.Both B.Neither C.Either
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这个星期天我们怎么去图书馆,骑自行车还是步行?——任何一种都可以。这取决于你。
考查代词辨析。both两者都;neither两者都不;either(两者之中)任意一个。根据“is”和“It’s up to you”可知,两种中任何一个都可以,故选C。
20.I love my country as you love ________.
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我爱我的国家,就像你爱你的国家一样。
考查代词辨析。you你;your你的;yours你的;yourself你自己。空处是指“你的国家”,后面无名词,应用名词性物主代词yours,故选C。
1. (2024·福建·统考中考真题)Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better.
A. we B. us C. our
【答案】B
【解析】句意:用正确的方式使用AI工具可以帮助我们更好工作。考查代词辨析。we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;our我们,形容词性物主代词。help为动词,后接宾格。故选B。
2. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
【答案】C
【解析】句意:马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗?考查代词辨析。mine我的;hers她的;his他的;its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知,此处指Mark,第三人称,且是男性。故选C。
3. (2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
【答案】C
【解析】句意:马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗?考查代词辨析。mine我的;hers她的;his他的;its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知,此处指Mark,第三人称,且是男性。故选C。
4. (2024·广西·统考中考真题)—Andy, who are the girls over there?
—________ are my sisters, Lily and Lucy.
A. They B. We C. You
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——安迪,那边的女孩们是谁?——她们是我的姐妹,莉莉和露西。考查代词辨析。They她们;We我们;You你们。根据“Andy, who are the girls over there?”可知,询问那边的女孩们是谁,答语应该说“她们是……”,故选A。
5. (2024·河北·统考中考真题)—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch?
—No, ________ is pink.
A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——玛丽,这是你姐姐的智能手表吗?——不,她的是粉色的。考查代词辨析。his他的;mine我的;hers她的;yours你的。此处指第三人称“我”的姐姐的手表是粉色的,应用物主代词hers。故选C。
6. (2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese.
A. a few B. a little C. little
【答案】B
【解析】句意:Tom已经在上海五年了,所以他可以说一些中文。考查代词辨析。a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;a little一些,修饰不可数名词;little很少,修饰不可数名词。Chinese表示“中文”,不可数名词,排除A,根据“Tom has been in Shanghai for five years”可知Tom在上海五年了,应该会一些中文,肯定意义的。故选B。
7. (2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题)—Hi, Linda. The bicycle is the newest style. Is it Mary’s?
—Yes, it’s ________. She bought it last week.
A. mine B. yours C. hers
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你好,琳达。这辆自行车是最新的款式。是玛丽的吗?——是的,是她的。她上周买的。考查代词辨析。mine我的;yours你的;hers她的。根据“Yes, it’s ... . She bought it last week.”可知,此处指是玛丽的,故选C。
8. (2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题)—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——现在越来越多的青少年对祥生和小聘产生了兴趣。——是的,那是因为两者都能让人开怀大笑。考查代词辨析。all全都;none全都不;both两者都;neither都不。根据“Xiangsheng and Xiaopin”可知相声和小品都可以让人大笑,用both表示“两者都”。故选C。
9. (2024·四川达州市·中考真题)—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month?
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A. anything special B. special anything C. something special
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——蒂娜,你上个月去达州的时候买了什么特别的东西吗?——当然。我给父母买了一些灯影牛肉。考查复合不定代词。anything任何事情,用于否定句或疑问句中;something某事,用于肯定句中。“did you buy…”是一般疑问句,应用anything。形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置,即anything special。故选A。
10. (2024·四川泸州市·中考真题)—The best things in life are free.
—Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it.
A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——生命中最美好的东西都是免费的。——完全同意。空气不花钱,但我们离不开它。
考查代词辨析。something某事物;nothing没有什么;anything任何事物;everything每件事物。根据“The best things in life are free.”和“Air costs ..., but we can’t live without it.”可知,空气不花钱,是免费的,故选B。
11. (2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题)—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning?
—Yes, I think it works well.
A. it B. that C. this D. its
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你认为阅读英语杂志对英语学习有用吗?——是的,我认为效果很好。考查it作形式宾语。it它;that那;this这;its它的。分析句子可知,此处应用it作形式宾语,动词不定式to read English magazines作真正的宾语。故选A。
12. (2024·四川雅安市·中考真题)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________?
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A. you B. yours C. your D. yourself
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——艾米,地上有本书。它是你的吗?——不,不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词辨析。you你,人称代词;yours你的,名词性物主代词;your你的,形容词性物主代词;yourself你自己,反身代词。空格后没有名词,此处指这本书是你的吗,故用名词性物主代词yours,指代your book。故选B。
13. (2024·甘肃省武威·中考真题)Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________?
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
【答案】C
【解析】句意:马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗?考查代词辨析。mine我的;hers她的;his他的;its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知,此处指Mark,第三人称,且是男性。故选C。
14. (2024·四川雅安市·中考真题)—Tommy, is there____________ in the classroom now?
—No. All the students are having a P. E. lesson on the playground.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——汤米,现在教室里有人吗?——没有。所有的学生都在操场上上体育课。
考查代词辨析。everybody所有人;somebody某人,一般用于肯定句中;anybody任何人,一般用于否定句或疑问句中;nobody没有人。此处是一般疑问句,询问教室里是否有人,应用anybody。故选C。
15. (2024·天津·中考真题)When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________.
A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我父母出差时,我自己照顾自己。考查代词辨析。my我的,形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,反身代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词;me我,宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents,用形容词性物主代词;第二处主语和宾语是同一人,所以是“照顾自己”,用反身代词。故选A。
16. (2024·云南省·中考真题)—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success.
—OK, I will.
A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——玛丽亚,你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的,我会的。考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;herself她自己;himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说,你应该相信你自己,故用反身代词yourself。故选B。
17. (2024·福建·统考中考真题)—________ is the biggest blue whale?
—As I know, it weighs about 181, 000 kilos.
A. How heavy B. How long C. How wide
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——最大的蓝鲸多重?——据我所知,它大约181000公斤重。考查特殊疑问句。How heavy多重;How long多长;How wide多宽。根据“it weighs about 181, 000 kilos.”可知此处是对重量提问。故选A。
18. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English?
—For 7 years.
A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你学英语多久了?——7年。考查特殊疑问句。How old多大,询问年龄;How long多长时间;How often多久一次;How big多大。答语“For 7 years.”指一段时间,应用How long对其提问。故选B。
19. (2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ was the zipper invented?
—In 1893.
A. When B. How C. Why D. Where
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——拉链是什么时候发明的?——1893年。考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候;How怎样;Why为什么;Where哪里。根据答语“In 1893.”可知,此处询问时间,应用When提问。故选A。
20. (2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English?
—For 7 years.
A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你学英语多久了?——7年。考查特殊疑问句。How old多大,询问年龄;How long多长时间;How often多久一次;How big多大。答语“For 7 years.”指一段时间,应用How long对其提问。故选B。
21.(2024·广西·统考中考真题) —Henry, ________ is your job?
—I’m a policeman
A. how B. where C. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——亨利,你的工作是什么?——我是一名警察。考查特殊疑问句。how如何;where在哪里;what什么。根据“...is your job?”和“I’m a policeman.”可知,询问工作是什么,故选C。
22. (2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题)He found ________ very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
A. this B. that C. it
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他发现冬天去哈尔滨旅游很有趣。考查it作形式宾语。this这(个);that那(个);it它。分析句子可知,此处是find/found it adj. to do sth.句式,it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正宾语。故选C。
23. (2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ________ could be seen clearly.
A. anything B. something C. nothing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:灯突然熄灭了。天很黑,什么也看不清楚。考查复合不定代词。anything任何东西;something某样东西;nothing没什么。根据“The light went out suddenly”及“It was very dark”可知,太黑了,什么也看不清楚,故选C。
24. (2024·四川成都·统考中考真题)Miss Lin teaches piano very well. With ________ help, I’ve made great progress.
A. his B. her C. their
【答案】B
【解析】句意:林小姐钢琴教得很好。在她的帮助下,我取得了很大的进步。考查代词辨析。his他的;her她的;their他们的。根据“Miss Lin teaches piano very well.”可知,此处指在林小姐的帮助下,Miss Lin是女性,应用代词her。故选B。
1.(2024·海南海口·一模)I advise you not to show _______ on the WeChat because it may cause trouble.
A.anything personal B.something personal C.personal anything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我建议你不要在微信上展示任何个人信息,因为这可能会引起麻烦。
考查形容词的位置以及复合不定代词的用法。something一般用于肯定句;anything一般用于否定句和疑问句。此句是否定句,所以应用anything。形容词修饰复合不定代词时,应放在其后,故选A。
2.(2024·河北石家庄·二模)You should believe in ________. I am sure you will succeed.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你应该相信自己。我相信你会成功的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。believe in oneself“相信自己”,由主语“You”可知,反身代词应用yourself。故选B。
3.(2024·安徽合肥·二模)—When in trouble, turn to ________ but yourself for help.
—Exactly. We should try to solve the problems on our own.
A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——遇到麻烦时,不要向别人求助,只能向自己求助。——的确是。我们应该尝试自己解决问题。
考查代词辨析。everybody每个人;somebody某人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人。根据“We should try to solve the problems on our own.”可知,不要向他人求助,应用nobody符合语境,故选D。
4.(2024·黑龙江绥化·三模)—Did you enjoy ______ in Sanya during the Spring Festival?
—Yes, we had a good time ______ in the sea.
A.you; swims B.yourself; swim C.yourselves; swimming
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你们春节在三亚玩得开心吗?——是的。我们在海边游泳很开心。
考查反身代词及非谓语。you你;yourselves你们自己;yourself你自己;swim游泳。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”,根据答语“we”可知,问句询问的是“你们”,其反身代词为yourselves。have a good time doing sth“做某事开心”。故选C。
5.(2024·黑龙江绥化·三模)—What would you like to buy for your mother’s birthday?
—I would like to buy ______.
A.special something B.something special C.anything special
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你想给你妈妈买什么生日礼物?——我想买些特别的东西。
考查不定代词。形容词修饰不定代词要后置,排除选项A。anything一般用于否定句或疑问句中;something一般用于肯定句中,这里是肯定句,故选B。
6.(2024·江苏连云港·二模)________ is in the classroom. All the students are having a meeting in the hall.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Everybody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:没有人在教室里。所有的学生正在礼堂里开会。
考查代词辨析。somebody有人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人。根据“All the students are having a meeting in the hall.”可知,所有的学生都在礼堂,说明教室里没有人。故选C。
7.(2024·河北邯郸·二模)—What would you like, Michael?
—Coffee. To get refreshed, ________ is better than a cup of coffee.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你想要什么,迈克尔?——咖啡。为了提神,没有什么比一杯咖啡更好的了。
考查复合不定代词。something某些东西;anything任何东西;nothing没有;everything一切东西。根据“is better than a cup of coffee”可知,没有比一杯咖啡更好的了。比较级的否定式表示最高级。故选C。
8.(2024·四川成都·三模)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ________ of them very much.
A.either B.any C.neither
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我去过纽约和洛杉矶,但我都不太喜欢。
考查代词辨析。either两者之一;any三者或三者以上的任意一个;neither两者都不。根据“I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like...of them very much.”可知是纽约和洛杉矶都不喜欢,not…either=neither(两者都不)。故选A。
9.(2024·江苏连云港·二模)Nancy got a nice gift from her aunt. It makes ________ very excited.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:南希从她阿姨那里得到了一件漂亮的礼物。这让她非常兴奋。
考查代词辨析。she她,人称代词主格;her她,人称代词宾格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己。此处是说礼物让南希很兴奋,makes是动词,后面接人称代词宾格her作宾语。故选B。
10.(2024·河北唐山·二模)My brother and I like football. ________ play it together once a week.
A.I B.They C.We D.He
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我哥哥和我喜欢足球。我们每周一起踢一次。
考查代词辨析。I我;They他们;We我们;He他。根据“My brother and I like football.”可知,指的是“我们”每周一起踢一次足球。故选C。
11.(2024·安徽六安·三模)Little Tom stuck a tiny red flag on ________ side of his face to celebrate his victory.
A.both B.every C.each D.any
【答案】C
【详解】句意:小汤姆在脸的两边各粘一面小红旗来庆祝他的胜利。
考查代词。both强调两者都,其后名词为复数;every强调三者(及其以上)每个;each强调两者(及其以上)每个,其后名词为单数;any强调三种以上任何一个。根据句中“side of his face”可知,side是单数,此处强调两者中的每一个。故选C。
12.(2024·江苏·二模)Since Nantong Metro Line 2 came into operation, the time on the trip has been much less than ________ in the past.
A.that B.this C.one D.it
【答案】A
【详解】句意:自从南通地铁2号线投入运营以来,出行时间比过去少了很多。
考查代词辨析。that特指同名异物;this这个;one泛指同名异物;it特指同名同物。此处特指“the time”,对比过去的时间与现在的时间,属于同名异物,且为不可数名词,应用that,故选A。
13.(2024·甘肃陇南·三模)Don’t stay up late. It’s time ________ to bed.
A.go B.went C.going D.to go
【答案】D
【详解】句意:不要熬夜。该睡觉了。
考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s time…”可知,此处为固定句型It’s time to do sth.“到了做某事的时候了”,应用不定式作后置定语。故选D。
14.(2024·江苏泰州·二模)—To most Chinese parents, children always mean ________.
—Exactly. Parents’ love is the most selfless.
A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——对于大部分中国父母,孩子总是意味着一切。——确实是。父母的爱是最无私的。
考查复合不定代词的用法。everything一切;nothing什么都没有;something某事;anything任何事。根据“Parents’ love is the most selfless.”可知此处指对于父母来说,孩子意味着一切,应用“everything”。故选A。
15.(2024·北京西城·二模)Tom and Mike are very kind. We like _______ very much.
A.him B.her C.us D.them
【答案】D
【详解】句意:汤姆和迈克都很善良。我们非常喜欢他们。
考查代词辨析。him他;her她;us我们;them他们。根据“Tom and Mike are very kind.”可知,设空处指的是喜欢“他们”。故选D。
16.(2024·云南昆明·一模)—Mr. Li, which of the two answers is correct?
—________. Both of them are wrong.
A.Both B.All C.Either D.Neither
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——李老师,这两个答案哪个是正确的?——都不对。它们两个都错了。
考查代词辨析。Both两个都;All三个及以上都;Either两者中的任何一个;Neither两个都不。根据“Both of them are wrong.”可知,应该说两个都不对。故选D。
17.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)Simon, please come here! I have ________ to tell you.
A.important something B.anything important
C.something important D.important anything
【答案】C
【详解】句意:西蒙,快过来!我有重要的事要告诉你。
考查不定代词和形容词。important重要的,形容词;anything任何事,用于疑问句或否定句中;something某事,用于肯定句中。根据“I have…to tell you.”可知,该句是肯定句,应说有重要的事要告诉你,且形容词修饰复合不定代词时需后置。故选C。
18.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)He found ________ very difficult to drive on the countryside road.
A.its B.it C.this D.that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他发现在乡村公路上开车很困难。
考查代词辨析。its它的;it它;this这个;that那个。此处是结构find it adj. to do sth.“发现做某事是……的”,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式。故选B。
19.(2024·江苏常州·二模)Many friends tried to help the twins solve the problem without hurting their feelings, but ________ failed.
A.either B.all C.none D.both
【答案】B
【详解】句意:许多朋友试图在不伤害双胞胎感情的情况下帮助他们解决问题,但都失败了。
考查代词辨析。either或者;all全部;none没有一个;both两者都。根据“Many friends tried to help the twins solve the problem without hurting their feelings”可知,此处指的是许多朋友的努力全部都失败了。故选B。
20.(2024·江苏常州·二模)“________ is young once in their life. Now is the time for you to make the most of your youth.” President Xi Jinping said in his speech.
A.Nobody B.Somebody C.Everybody D.Nothing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:习主席在他的演讲中说:“每个人一生中都会年轻一次。现在是你充分利用青春的时候了。”
考查不定代词辨析。Nobody没有人;Somebody某人;Everybody每个人;Nothing什么都没有。根据“‘…is young once in their life. Now is the time for you to make the most of your youth.’” President Xi Jinping said in his speech”可知,此处指的是“每个人一生中都会年轻一次”。故选C。
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