精品解析：四川省成都市新津区新津中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

四川省新津中学2023~2024年度上期高2021级10月月考 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Going on a diet. B. Having some ice cream. C. Seeing a play. 2. What is the man doing? A. Showing a way. B. Asking for directions. C. Making an invitation. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a theater. B. In a shop. C. In a children’s park. 4. Why does the man call the woman? A. To buy a plane ticket. B. To book a hotel room. C. To leave a message for someone. 5 What are the speakers talking about? A. A teacher. B. A task. C. A movie. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to do? A. Check in. B. Check out. C. Book a room. 7. How much will the man pay for the room? A. $70. B. $280. C. $400. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman say about the man’s sunglasses? A. They made the man look strange. B. They made the man look energetic. C. They cost more than she had expected. 9. How long did the woman keep the computer? A For about six months. B. For about four months. C. For about two months. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How does the man react to his daughter’s smoking? A. He does his best to stop her smoking. B. He doesn’t care about it at all. C. He doesn’t know what to do. 11. Why does the man’s daughter smoke? A. To be in good shape. B. To become a model or an actress. C. To ask for more attention from her parents. 12. What is the woman’s opinion on teenagers’ smoking? A. Smoking advertisements should be banned. B. Disciplines related to smoking should be established. C. Teenagers should refuse to see the movies about smoking. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What month is it now? A. July. B. August. C. September. 14. What is the woman going to do this September? A. Start teaching. B. Join a club. C. Go to college. 15. Where did the woman teach children before? A. In Prague. B. In London. C. In Manchester. 16. What does the woman’s father probably think of her being a teacher? A. Satisfying. B. Unwise. C. Strange. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What can listeners in the center do after the speech? A. Work as a guide. B. Visit the center. C. Choose the instructors. 18. Who will teach jazz? A. Diana. B. Jim. C. Steve. 19. When can students have baseball classes? A. On Friday afternoons. B. On Saturday afternoons. C. On Sunday afternoons. 20. Which course is for beginners? A. Badminton. B. Table tennis. C. Baseball. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment Does it matter if my coursework is too long or too short? The word count for each piece of coursework should be provided on the title page. IOE allows a 10% margin(差额) on the word limit set for the coursework. For example, if the word limit is 5,000 words, you can submit an assessment of between 4,500 and 5,500 words. Note that if your work exceeds (超出) the 10% margin, it will automatically fail. When is the deadline for coursework assignments? Final deadlines for coursework submissions are normally 2 calendar months after the end of term in which the module runs. Coursework deadlines will be published on your programme web-page at the start of the academic year. The deadline for reports is normally the first working day in September. Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so results in automatic fail. When will I receive the grade and feedback for my coursework? Your coursework and report are independently marked by two members of staff. Once the markers have agreed a grade, you will be informed of your results by the programme administrator. We aim to complete this process within 4 weeks of the submission deadline. Feedback and grades are not guaranteed within 4 weeks for extended, delayed, or resubmitted coursework. In special circumstances, you may apply for additional time to complete your coursework but must submit the evidence proving you are impacted by unforeseen factors. The time should be not later than two weeks before the original deadline. If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please approach the programme administrator for details. 1. What results in an automatic fail? A. Exceeding the word limit. B. Not providing the word count. C. Missing the coursework deadline. D. Not publishing the coursework. 2. What can you do if you have doubts about the feedback you received? A. Consult the programme administrator. B. Submit evidence to support your case. C. Revise your approach based on details. D. Contact the markers who provided the feedback. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. An academic article. D. A programme handbook. B Michael Faraday was an English chemist and physicist born in a working class on 22 September 1791. Faraday’s father suffered from long-term health problems that often impeded his work. As a result, Faraday’s family had little money and Faraday got a very little formal schooling. But Faraday had an active curiosity and determination to learn. While working in London as a teenager, he had access to a wide range of books and he read everything he could get his hands on. By doing a lot of reading, Faraday soon educated himself on many scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began. In 1812, Faraday attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy. Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a lab assistant. A year later, Davy accepted Faraday as his lab assistant. Thanks to his work with Davy, Faraday got a complete scientific education. He soon began to research and experiments with electricity. Although his time was mostly spent helping Davy, Faraday began to work on his own as a chemist and scientist of great importance. When Davy retired in 1827, Faraday took his place as the head of the chemistry department of the Royal Institute. Upon taking up the position he could focus on his own research, and Faraday’s most influential and celebrated work began in the 1830s. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction(电磁感应), a breakthrough in the field of technology. In 1846 he gave a lecture that presented important ideas about the nature of electricity, and these later inspired the historical work of James Maxwell related to electromagnetic field theory. 4. What does the underlined word “impeded” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Stopped. B. Saved. C. Changed. D. Increased. 5. What do we know about Faraday’s teenage life? A. He didn’t go to school. B. He lived a carefree life. C. He learned science on his own. D. He got much help from his parents. 6. Why did Faraday offer his services to Davy? A. To earn more money. B. To show respect for Davy. C. To learn more about Davy. D. To learn more about science. 7. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The help Davy gave to Faraday. B. The turning point in Faraday’s life. C. Faraday’s academic achievement. D. Faraday’s influence on James Maxwell. C Soot (煤) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit. “It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.” Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels. Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe. The dark particles (微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day. The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that was already happening more quickly because of global warming. When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast. “When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits, they don’t send back that much light and heat. That means more heat is trapped on Earth, speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.” As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year, Khan says she is troubled by her own research results. On the one hand, she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing. “But then when we come to conclusions like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent,” she says, “and what kind of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric, for example, or limiting the number of visitors each year. 8. What is Khan’s attitude towards human actions in Antarctica according to paragraph 2? A. Angry and abusive. B. Cold and uninterested. C. Doubtful and anxious. D. Admiring and delighted. 9. What is the main cause of soot pollution in Antarctica? A. The quick melting of ice and snow. B. The emission from virous transport. C. The remaining parts of burning plants. D. The floating gases from other continents. 10. What do we know from Nagorski? A. The covered ice is less reflective. B. The melting speed of ice is slower than before. C. The dark blanket serves as a big mirror. D. The sunlight gets increasingly stronger recently. 11. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What made our planet so polluted? B. Who is to blame for air pollution? C. Can electric vehicles save tourism? D. Are we welcome to the South Pole? D The rise of satellite-enabled GPS was revolutionary for navigation, and with the rise of mobile phones, anyone can have their personal navigation. GPS navigation apps enable egocentric (自我中心的) navigation with easy-to-follow turn-by-turn directions. With these conveniences at our fingertips, we are no longer active navigators, we are passive passengers aboard the GPS. However, multiple experiments have shown that this easy egocentric navigation also reduces spatial awareness and mental mapping when compared to more traditional forms like paper maps. Our question is: Can we find a way to still use GPS but reduce the harmful effects of current GPS navigation on memory? The challenge is to create alternative forms of GPS navigation that will remain easy enough for the general public, but also enable traditional navigation and thus be more likely to improve spatial awareness. Our research finds that appropriately-designed audio beacons (声音指引) offer an alternative that develops a much more active form of egocentric navigation. Instead of guiding users to turn right and turn left on the way to their desired destination, we can change a location of interest to a distinctive auditory beacon via earbuds or headphones. Our auditory navigation application, known as Soundscape, has an effect that resembles a church bell, where loud ringing of the bell or calls to prayer can be heard at great distance; our would-be navigator can make way by heading toward the sound. Auditory beacon navigation is an example of how we are entering into an era where negative effects of automation on our brain health will be at the forefront of technological development. Technology does not need to replace our evolutionary functions and distance us from our environments, but rather with appropriate design can add the sensory inputs processed by our brain. Perhaps instead of evolving into a new species of turn-by-turn zombies, we can thereby all engage more deeply with humanity, our local environment and life itself. 12. How does GPS navigation negatively affect people? A. It turns people into active navigators. B. It makes people develop to be selfish. C. It weakens their abilities to find their ways. D. It encourages people form bad habits while driving. 13 What makes it difficult to reduce the harmful effects of current GPS navigation? A. Creating new apps to improve health. B. Replacing those technological functions. C. Making alternative forms more intelligent. D. Combining the conveniences and traditional ways. 14. What is the possible solution mentioned in the text? A. Properly designed signal guides. B. Distinctive headphones. C. New species of turning zombies. D. Automated brain processors. 15. What can be inferred in the last paragraph? A. Technology will distance people from the environment. B. Technology is not necessarily connected to people’s lifestyle. C. It’s impossible to wipe out all the negative effects of technology. D. A good design is to develop a bond between technology and human instinct. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows about straight-A students. Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their low-scoring classmates. Here are some secrets of the young study champions. _____16_____. Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation. Get organized. Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. _____17_____. Melendres’ methods have actually proven effective. Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized to cut down time-wasting searches. Clean up your act. Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. “The student who turns in a neat paper,” says Claude Olney, an Arizona State University business professor, “is already on the way to an A. It’s like being served a cheeseburger. _____18_____.” Speak up “If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him to repeat it,” says Christopher Campbell. Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. ______19______. “Better academic grades come from better understanding.” says Campell. “I don’t want to memorize information for tests only.” Test yourself. As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points that she thinks may be covered during exams. ____20____. Later she gives herself a written examination before test day. “If I can’t answer the questions satisfactorily, I will go back and review.” she says. A Set priorities. B. Schedule your time. C. She designs test questions based on them. D. It’s a matter of showing intellectual curiosity. E. A bag or drawer keeps essential supplies together. F. Hard work isn’t the whole story behind their academic grades. G. You can’t believe it tastes good if it’s presented on a dirty plate. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold, sunny December day when I set out for a run in Moab, Utah, with my dog, Taz. About an hour into my ___21___ along a remote canyon (峡谷) trail, I hit a patch of black ice (透明薄冰) and then ___22___ 60 feet into the canyon. I wasn’t paralyzed, but I was in great ___23___. Taz had managed to ___24___ his way back to me, so there must be a way out of the canyon, but I couldn’t ___25___ or even crawl. I shouted for help and was intent on ___26___ myself to the bottom of the canyon. Every inch was an effort. It ___27___ me five hours to go a quarter of a mile. ___28___, it got so dark that I had to stay where I was for the night, next to a puddle (水坑) of water. At night the temperature dropped below ___29___. Taz stayed with me, _____30_____ some warmth. The next morning, I couldn’t move at all. I tried to stay _____31_____. The second night in the canyon seemed even _____32_____ and colder. The puddle turned to ice, and I had to _____33_____it to get water. On the third day, I felt myself growing weaker. I was coming to terms with the fact that I might _____34_____. In a last _____35_____, I called Taz over and told him to go and get help. Taz took off through the canyon and I lay there thinking about my family and friends. There was more that I wanted from life. Taz returned,_____36_____. Then I heard an engine in the distance. I cried with joy. It _____37_____ that Taz had found a search and _____38_____ team. I was airlifted to the hospital, where doctors found I had lost almost half the _____39_____ in my body. If the rescue team had arrived later, I wouldn’t have _____40_____ it. I was grateful to my faithful friend -Taz. 21. A. move B. run C. walk D. march 22. A. fell B. jumped C. broke D. headed 23. A. loss B. shock C. need D. pain 24. A. push B. locate C. find D. confirm 25. A. stand B. escape C. cry D. shout 26. A. carrying B. lifting C. dragging D. pulling 27. A. took B. cost C. wasted D. gave 28. A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Fortunately D. Naturally 29. A. normal B. boiling C. freezing D. average 30 A. requiring B. enjoying C. delivering D. providing 31. A. humble B. positive C. awake D. energetic 32. A. quieter B. longer C. shorter D. louder 33. A. strike B. drink C. press D. crack 34. A. survive B. stay C. leave D. die 35. A. effort B. trial C. chance D. break 36. A. alive B. tired C. safe D. alone 37. A. came out B. turned out C. gave out D. found out 38. A. survey B. interview C. rescue D. sports 39. A. water B. power C. blood D. sweat 40. A. helped B. made C. reached D. got 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists first discovered the two species in the Wolong National Nature Reserve in 2021. They later ____41____(confirm) that they were new orchid and primrose species. And then, the tiny orchid, Gastrochilus heminii, ____42____(list) as a data-deficient species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, meaning more information to assess its risk of ____43____(extinct). The primrose species, another data-deficient flora, grows on cliffs at an altitude of 3,400 meters. So far, scientists have only found one patch of this flower in the wild, ____44____(make )it exceptionally rare. China boasts some of the ____45____(rich) biodiversity in the world and has a relatively fine flora protection system, according to a white paper on China’s biodiversity protection. The reasons for the wealth of ____46____(discovery) are new transportation infrastructure and technology enabling scientists to go deep into uncharted regions. The second reason is that as scientists’ understanding of taxonomy deepens, some flora species ____47____ were found in the past were later reclassified as new species. The third reason is that China’s massive ecological restoration programs have helped ____48____ number of some endangered species to reappear. As of 2021, China had around 200 conservation botanical gardens, safeguarding more than 23,000 species of flora. Rare native plants hold research value and can also serve ____49____the poster child for conservation efforts and get the public ____50____(interest) in science and nature. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 I love reading. I love it so much that no matter where I go, and I will put a book in my bag. And I will take it out and read a couple of page when I am free. However, so a good habit also has its disadvantages. Once my mother had anything urgent to deal with and can’t spare time to cook. I promised her that I would cook. But thinking it was still earlier, I picked up a book to read. Soon I got lost in the story. Not until my mother came back I realize I forgot to cook the meal. In my relief, she didn’t blame me. She just reminded me to pay attention to protect my eyesight. What the good mother! 第二节(满分25分) 52. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校网站计划开设一个关于健康饮食的栏目(column)：营养在线(Nutrition Online)。请你给外教Mr．Smith写封邮件，邀请他担任栏目顾问。内容包括： 1．发出邀请； 2．介绍情况； 3．表达期待。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 听力 1—5 BABCB 6—10 CBACC 11—15 ABACA 16—20 BBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 四川省新津中学2023~2024年度上期高2021级10月月考 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Going on a diet. B. Having some ice cream. C. Seeing a play. 2 What is the man doing? A. Showing a way. B. Asking for directions. C. Making an invitation. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a theater. B. In a shop. C. In a children’s park. 4. Why does the man call the woman? A. To buy a plane ticket. B. To book a hotel room. C. To leave a message for someone. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A teacher. B. A task. C. A movie. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to do? A. Check in. B. Check out. C. Book a room. 7. How much will the man pay for the room? A. $70. B. $280. C. $400. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman say about the man’s sunglasses? A. They made the man look strange. B. They made the man look energetic. C. They cost more than she had expected. 9. How long did the woman keep the computer? A For about six months. B. For about four months. C. For about two months. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How does the man react to his daughter’s smoking? A. He does his best to stop her smoking. B. He doesn’t care about it at all. C. He doesn’t know what to do. 11. Why does the man’s daughter smoke? A. To be in good shape. B. To become a model or an actress. C. To ask for more attention from her parents. 12. What is the woman’s opinion on teenagers’ smoking? A. Smoking advertisements should be banned. B. Disciplines related to smoking should be established. C. Teenagers should refuse to see the movies about smoking. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What month is it now? A. July. B. August. C. September. 14. What is the woman going to do this September? A. Start teaching. B. Join a club. C. Go to college. 15. Where did the woman teach children before? A. In Prague. B. In London. C. In Manchester. 16. What does the woman’s father probably think of her being a teacher? A. Satisfying. B. Unwise. C. Strange. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What can listeners in the center do after the speech? A. Work as a guide. B. Visit the center. C. Choose the instructors. 18. Who will teach jazz? A. Diana. B. Jim. C. Steve. 19. When can students have baseball classes? A. On Friday afternoons. B. On Saturday afternoons. C. On Sunday afternoons. 20. Which course is for beginners? A. Badminton. B. Table tennis. C. Baseball. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment Does it matter if my coursework is too long or too short? The word count for each piece of coursework should be provided on the title page. IOE allows a 10% margin(差额) on the word limit set for the coursework. For example, if the word limit is 5,000 words, you can submit an assessment of between 4,500 and 5,500 words. Note that if your work exceeds (超出) the 10% margin, it will automatically fail. When is the deadline for coursework assignments? Final deadlines for coursework submissions are normally 2 calendar months after the end of term in which the module runs. Coursework deadlines will be published on your programme web-page at the start of the academic year. The deadline for reports is normally the first working day in September. Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so results in automatic fail. When will I receive the grade and feedback for my coursework? Your coursework and report are independently marked by two members of staff. Once the markers have agreed a grade, you will be informed of your results by the programme administrator. We aim to complete this process within 4 weeks of the submission deadline. Feedback and grades are not guaranteed within 4 weeks for extended, delayed, or resubmitted coursework. In special circumstances, you may apply for additional time to complete your coursework but must submit the evidence proving you are impacted by unforeseen factors. The time should be not later than two weeks before the original deadline. If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please approach the programme administrator for details. 1. What results in an automatic fail? A. Exceeding the word limit. B. Not providing the word count. C. Missing the coursework deadline. D. Not publishing the coursework. 2. What can you do if you have doubts about the feedback you received? A. Consult the programme administrator. B. Submit evidence to support your case. C. Revise your approach based on details. D. Contact the markers who provided the feedback. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. An academic article. D. A programme handbook. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个项目的相关问题和解决方案。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so results in automatic fail.(请注意，你必须在截止日期前提交课程作业，否则将自动不及格)”可知，错过了课程的最后期限会导致自动不及格。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please approach the programme administrator for details.(如果您对评估有任何疑问，请向课程管理员咨询详情)”可知，如果你对收到的反馈有疑问，可以咨询项目管理员。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题“Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment(有关评核的常见问题)”以及最后一段“If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please approach the programme administrator for details.(如果您对评估有任何疑问，请向课程管理员咨询详情)”结合文章主要介绍了一个项目的相关问题和解决方案。可知，文章选自项目手册。故选D。 B Michael Faraday was an English chemist and physicist born in a working class on 22 September 1791. Faraday’s father suffered from long-term health problems that often impeded his work. As a result, Faraday’s family had little money and Faraday got a very little formal schooling. But Faraday had an active curiosity and determination to learn. While working in London as a teenager, he had access to a wide range of books and he read everything he could get his hands on. By doing a lot of reading, Faraday soon educated himself on many scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began. In 1812, Faraday attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy. Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a lab assistant. A year later, Davy accepted Faraday as his lab assistant. Thanks to his work with Davy, Faraday got a complete scientific education. He soon began to research and experiments with electricity. Although his time was mostly spent helping Davy, Faraday began to work on his own as a chemist and scientist of great importance. When Davy retired in 1827, Faraday took his place as the head of the chemistry department of the Royal Institute. Upon taking up the position he could focus on his own research, and Faraday’s most influential and celebrated work began in the 1830s. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction(电磁感应), a breakthrough in the field of technology. In 1846 he gave a lecture that presented important ideas about the nature of electricity, and these later inspired the historical work of James Maxwell related to electromagnetic field theory. 4. What does the underlined word “impeded” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Stopped. B. Saved. C. Changed. D. Increased. 5. What do we know about Faraday’s teenage life? A. He didn’t go to school. B. He lived a carefree life. C. He learned science on his own. D. He got much help from his parents. 6. Why did Faraday offer his services to Davy? A. To earn more money. B. To show respect for Davy. C. To learn more about Davy. D. To learn more about science. 7. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The help Davy gave to Faraday. B. The turning point in Faraday’s life. C. Faraday’s academic achievement. D. Faraday’s influence on James Maxwell. 【答案】4 A 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了迈克尔·法拉第的家庭背景、学习和工作经历、科学成就等。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Faraday’s father suffered from long-term health problems”和下一句“As a result, Faraday’s family had little money and Faraday got a very little formal schooling.(因此，法拉第的家庭几乎没有钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育。)”可知，法拉第的父亲长期身体不好，家里没有多少钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育, 由此可推测，身体原因影响了法拉第父亲的工作，所以impede意为“妨碍，阻碍”，与stop意思相近。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“By doing a lot of reading, Faraday soon educated himself on many scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began.(通过大量阅读，法拉第很快就自学了许多科学科目，他的科学家生涯开始了。)”可知，青少年时期的法拉第自学了科学方面的知识,。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a lab assistant.(之后，法拉第给戴维发了一封信，表达了他对讲座中涉及的主题的浓厚兴趣，并提供了实验室助理的服务。)”可知，法拉第对戴维的讲座非常感兴趣，主动提出为他当实验室助理，由此可推测，他想要以一个学习者的身份提供帮助从而获得学习科学知识的机会。故选 D 项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Upon taking up the position he could focus on his own research, and Faraday’s most influential and celebrated work began in the 1830s. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction(电磁感应), a breakthrough in the field of technology. In 1846 he gave a lecture that presented important ideas about the nature of electricity, and these later inspired the historical work of James Maxwell related to electromagnetic field theory.(上任后，他可以专注于自己的研究，法拉第最有影响力和最著名的工作始于19世纪30年代。1831年，他发现了电磁感应，这是技术领域的一个突破。1846年，他发表了一次演讲，提出了关于电的本质的重要思想，这些思想后来启发了詹姆斯·麦克斯韦与电磁场理论有关的历史著作。)”可知，本段主要与法拉第的学术成就相关。故选C项。 C Soot (煤) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit. “It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.” Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels. Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe. The dark particles (微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day. The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that was already happening more quickly because of global warming. When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast. “When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits, they don’t send back that much light and heat. That means more heat is trapped on Earth, speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.” As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year, Khan says she is troubled by her own research results. On the one hand, she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing. “But then when we come to conclusions like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent,” she says, “and what kind of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.” That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric, for example, or limiting the number of visitors each year. 8. What is Khan’s attitude towards human actions in Antarctica according to paragraph 2? A. Angry and abusive. B. Cold and uninterested. C. Doubtful and anxious. D. Admiring and delighted. 9. What is the main cause of soot pollution in Antarctica? A. The quick melting of ice and snow. B. The emission from virous transport. C. The remaining parts of burning plants. D. The floating gases from other continents. 10. What do we know from Nagorski? A. The covered ice is less reflective. B. The melting speed of ice is slower than before. C. The dark blanket serves as a big mirror. D. The sunlight gets increasingly stronger recently. 11. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What made our planet so polluted? B. Who is to blame for air pollution? C. Can electric vehicles save tourism? D. Are we welcome to the South Pole? 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对南极洲的频繁考察，导致煤烟污染加速了南极洲气温的上升，加速了冰雪融化，人们对此情况反思，该如何降低对南极洲的考察频率从而减少对南极洲生态环境的破坏。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““It really makes us question, is our presence really needed?” says Alia Khan, one of the authors of the new study. “We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica, which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”(“这真的让我们质疑，我们的存在真的需要吗？”这项新研究的作者之一Alia Khan说。“我们在南极洲有相当大的黑碳足迹，这正在促进冰雪融化。”)”可知，Alia Khan的疑问可以看出他对人们去南极洲考察这一事实表示怀疑，而且他看到了人们到访南极洲产生的碳足迹使南极洲的冰雪融化，这让他感到焦虑。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮), vehicles and airplanes, although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.(南极洲的烟尘主要来自游轮、车辆和飞机的废气，尽管一些污染是从世界其他地区随风传播的。)”可知，南极洲煤烟的主要来源就是人们所使用的交通工具。故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When snow and ice are uncovered, they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat. “These are the mirrors on our planet,” says Sonia Nagorski, a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.(当雪和冰被揭开时，它们会在阳光变成热量之前反射大量的阳光。“这些是我们星球上的镜子，”阿拉斯加东南大学的科学家索尼娅·纳戈尔斯基（Sonia Nagorski）说。)”可以推断，冰雪被煤烟覆盖后，其反射阳光的效果就会降低。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Soot pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica, a new study suggests, raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit..(一项新的研究表明，煤烟污染正在加速南极洲的气候融化，这引发了人们对如何保护这片脆弱的大陆免受越来越多的想要到访那里的人的影响的问题。)”可知，人们在去南极洲考察的同时，却破坏了南极洲的生态环境，所以该文主要分析的是我们人类有必要去南极洲考察吗？故选D项。 D The rise of satellite-enabled GPS was revolutionary for navigation, and with the rise of mobile phones, anyone can have their personal navigation. GPS navigation apps enable egocentric (自我中心的) navigation with easy-to-follow turn-by-turn directions. With these conveniences at our fingertips, we are no longer active navigators, we are passive passengers aboard the GPS. However, multiple experiments have shown that this easy egocentric navigation also reduces spatial awareness and mental mapping when compared to more traditional forms like paper maps. Our question is: Can we find a way to still use GPS but reduce the harmful effects of current GPS navigation on memory? The challenge is to create alternative forms of GPS navigation that will remain easy enough for the general public, but also enable traditional navigation and thus be more likely to improve spatial awareness. Our research finds that appropriately-designed audio beacons (声音指引) offer an alternative that develops a much more active form of egocentric navigation. Instead of guiding users to turn right and turn left on the way to their desired destination, we can change a location of interest to a distinctive auditory beacon via earbuds or headphones. Our auditory navigation application, known as Soundscape, has an effect that resembles a church bell, where loud ringing of the bell or calls to prayer can be heard at great distance; our would-be navigator can make way by heading toward the sound. Auditory beacon navigation is an example of how we are entering into an era where negative effects of automation on our brain health will be at the forefront of technological development. Technology does not need to replace our evolutionary functions and distance us from our environments, but rather with appropriate design can add the sensory inputs processed by our brain. Perhaps instead of evolving into a new species of turn-by-turn zombies, we can thereby all engage more deeply with humanity, our local environment and life itself. 12. How does GPS navigation negatively affect people? A. It turns people into active navigators. B. It makes people develop to be selfish. C. It weakens their abilities to find their ways. D. It encourages people form bad habits while driving. 13. What makes it difficult to reduce the harmful effects of current GPS navigation? A Creating new apps to improve health. B. Replacing those technological functions. C. Making alternative forms more intelligent. D. Combining the conveniences and traditional ways. 14. What is the possible solution mentioned in the text? A. Properly designed signal guides. B. Distinctive headphones. C. New species of turning zombies. D. Automated brain processors. 15. What can be inferred in the last paragraph? A. Technology will distance people from the environment. B. Technology is not necessarily connected to people’s lifestyle. C. It’s impossible to wipe out all the negative effects of technology. D. A good design is to develop a bond between technology and human instinct. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了GPS是如何影响我们的记忆能力以及我们可以为之做些什么。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, multiple experiments have shown that this easy egocentric navigation also reduces spatial awareness and mental mapping when compared to more traditional forms like paper maps.(然而，多个实验表明，与纸质地图等更传统的形式相比，这种简单的以自我为中心的导航也会减少空间意识和心理地图。)”可知，GPS导航削弱了人们的空间感和心理地图，导致产生负面影响。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The challenge is to create alternative forms of GPS navigation that will remain easy enough for the general public, but also enable traditional navigation and thus be more likely to improve spatial awareness.(我们面临的挑战是创造出另一种形式的GPS导航，既要对公众来说足够简单，又要使传统的导航功能得以实现，从而更有可能提高空间意识。)”可知，便利与传统相结合让目前的GPS导航难以减少有害影响。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Our research finds that appropriately-designed audio beacons (声音指引) offer an alternative that develops a much more active form of egocentric navigation.(我们的研究发现，适当设计的音频信号提供了另一种选择，它开发了一种更积极的以自我为中心的导航形式。)”可知，可能的解决方案是合理设计信号导路。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Technology does not need to replace our evolutionary functions and distance us from our environments, but rather with appropriate design can add the sensory inputs processed by our brain. Perhaps instead of evolving into a new species of turn-by-turn zombies, we can thereby all engage more deeply with humanity, our local environment and life itself.(技术不需要取代我们的进化功能，使我们远离环境，而是通过适当的设计可以增加我们大脑处理的感官输入。或许，我们可以更深入地融入人性、当地环境和生活本身，而不是进化成一种新的僵尸物种。)”可知，技术是通过适当的设计可以增加我们大脑处理的感官输入，我们可以更深入地融入人性、当地环境和生活本身，由此可知，一个好的设计是在技术和人之间建立一种联系。故选D。 【点睛】 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows about straight-A students Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their low-scoring classmates. Here are some secrets of the young study champions. _____16_____. Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation. Get organized. Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. _____17_____. Melendres’ methods have actually proven effective. Even students who don’t have a private study area remain organized to cut down time-wasting searches. Clean up your act. Neat papers are likely to get higher grades than sloppy ones. “The student who turns in a neat paper,” says Claude Olney, an Arizona State University business professor, “is already on the way to an A. It’s like being served a cheeseburger. _____18_____.” Speak up. “If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him to repeat it,” says Christopher Campbell. Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. ______19______. “Better academic grades come from better understanding.” says Campell. “I don’t want to memorize information for tests only.” Test yourself. As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points that she thinks may be covered during exams. ____20____. Later she gives herself a written examination before test day. “If I can’t answer the questions satisfactorily, I will go back and review.” she says. A. Set priorities. B. Schedule your time. C. She designs test questions based on them. D. It’s a matter of showing intellectual curiosity. E. A bag or drawer keeps essential supplies together. F. Hard work isn’t the whole story behind their academic grades. G. You can’t believe it tastes good if it’s presented on a dirty plate. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习成绩优秀的学生的学习方法。 【16题详解】 下文“Top students bear no breaks on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, and snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation. (优等生在学习时间上不受任何打扰。一旦打开书或启动电脑，电话就无人接听，电视节目不看，零食也不吃了。学习是事业；学习重于娱乐。)”说明优等生都是优先考虑学习，选项A“设定优先顺序。”符合本段主题，适合做小标题。故选A项。 【17题详解】 上文“Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman from New Mexico, keeps two folders — one for the day’s assignments, another for papers completed and graded. (Paul Melendres是新墨西哥州的一名优等生，他有两个文件夹，一个放当天的作业，另一个放已完成并评分的论文。)”说明要把必须完成的作业放在一起，不能和已完成的混在一起，选项E“用一个袋子或抽屉把必需品放在一起。”承接上文，建议把必需的东西放在一起。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“The student who turns in a neat paper is already on the way to an A. (交了一份整洁的试卷的学生，就已经在拿A的路上了。)”说明整洁的试卷容易得到好评，上文“It’s like being served a cheeseburger. (这就像被端上一个芝士汉堡。)”和选项G“如果把它放在脏盘子里，你不会相信它很好吃。”承接上文，用比喻的手法，说明试卷就像汉堡，如果不整洁，就不愿意吃。故选G项。 【19题详解】 上文“If I don’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him to repeat it.(如果我不明白老师在解释什么，我会让他重复一遍。)”说明要积极的寻求知识，而上文“Class participation goes beyond merely asking questions, though. (然而，课堂参与不仅仅是提问。)”说明课堂参与不仅仅是提问，选项D“这是表现出求知欲的问题。”承接上文，说明学生的提问是求知欲的表现。故选D项。 【20题详解】 小标题“Test yourself.(自我测试)”和上文“As part of her note-taking, Domenica Roman emphasizes points that she thinks may be covered during exams. (作为笔记的一部分，Domenica Roman强调了她认为考试中可能会涉及的要点。)”说明要进行自我测试，找出自己认为考试中可能涉及的要点，选项C“她根据它们设计试题。”承接上文，说明根据自己找到的要点，设计自测的试题。故选C项。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold, sunny December day when I set out for a run in Moab, Utah, with my dog, Taz. About an hour into my ___21___ along a remote canyon (峡谷) trail, I hit a patch of black ice (透明薄冰) and then ___22___ 60 feet into the canyon. I wasn’t paralyzed, but I was in great ___23___. Taz had managed to ___24___ his way back to me, so there must be a way out of the canyon, but I couldn’t ___25___ or even crawl. I shouted for help and was intent on ___26___ myself to the bottom of the canyon. Every inch was an effort. It ___27___ me five hours to go a quarter of a mile. ___28___, it got so dark that I had to stay where I was for the night, next to a puddle (水坑) of water. At night the temperature dropped below ___29___. Taz stayed with me, _____30_____ some warmth. The next morning, I couldn’t move at all. I tried to stay _____31_____. The second night in the canyon seemed even _____32_____ and colder. The puddle turned to ice, and I had to _____33_____it to get water. On the third day, I felt myself growing weaker. I was coming to terms with the fact that I might _____34_____. In a last _____35_____, I called Taz over and told him to go and get help. Taz took off through the canyon and I lay there thinking about my family and friends. There was more that I wanted from life. Taz returned,_____36_____. Then I heard an engine in the distance. I cried with joy. It _____37_____ that Taz had found a search and _____38_____ team. I was airlifted to the hospital, where doctors found I had lost almost half the _____39_____ in my body. If the rescue team had arrived later, I wouldn’t have _____40_____ it. I was grateful to my faithful friend -Taz. 21. A. move B. run C. walk D. march 22. A. fell B. jumped C. broke D. headed 23. A. loss B. shock C. need D. pain 24. A. push B. locate C. find D. confirm 25. A. stand B. escape C. cry D. shout 26. A. carrying B. lifting C. dragging D. pulling 27. A. took B. cost C. wasted D. gave 28. A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Fortunately D. Naturally 29. A. normal B. boiling C. freezing D. average 30. A. requiring B. enjoying C. delivering D. providing 31. A. humble B. positive C. awake D. energetic 32. A. quieter B. longer C. shorter D. louder 33. A. strike B. drink C. press D. crack 34. A. survive B. stay C. leave D. die 35. A. effort B. trial C. chance D. break 36. A. alive B. tired C. safe D. alone 37. A. came out B. turned out C. gave out D. found out 38. A. survey B. interview C. rescue D. sports 39. A. water B. power C. blood D. sweat 40. A. helped B. made C. reached D. got 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者外出跑步时摔下了山崖，苦苦挣扎了三天后，作者让狗去寻求帮助，最终得救的故事。 【21题详解】 考查查动词词义辨析。句意：我沿着一条偏僻的峡谷小道跑了大约一个小时后，撞上了一块黑色的冰，然后从60英尺高的峡谷里掉了下来。A. move移动；B. run奔跑；C. walk散步；D. march前进 。呼应上文“I set out for a run”指作者跑步，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我沿着一条偏僻的峡谷小道跑了大约一个小时后，撞上了一块黑色的冰，然后从60英尺高的峡谷里掉了下来。A. fell落下；B. jumped跳跃；C. broke打破；D. headed前往。根据后文“60 feet into the canyon”指作者从60英尺高的峡谷里掉了下来。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有瘫痪，但是很疼。A. loss失去；B. shock震惊；C. need需要；D. pain痛苦。根据上文“I wasn’t paralyzed, but I was in great”中but表示转折，说明作者摔下山崖十分疼痛。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：塔兹设法找到了回到我身边的路，所以一定有办法离开峡谷，但我站不起来，甚至爬不动。A. push推；B. locate定位；C. find找到；D. confirm确认。根据后文“his way back to me”可知，作者的狗设法找到了回到作者身边的路，find one's way to，找到去……的路，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：塔兹设法找到了回到我身边的路，所以一定有办法离开峡谷，但我站不起来，甚至爬不动。A. stand站立；B. escape逃走；C. cry哭泣；D. shout叫喊。根据后文“I shouted for help”可知，作者只能呼救，说明站不起来，甚至爬不动。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声呼救，一心要把自己拖到峡谷底部。A. carrying携带；B. lifting举起；C. dragging拖拉；D. pulling拉。根据后文“myself to the bottom of the canyon”可知，作者想要把自己拖到峡谷底部。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了五个小时才爬了四分之一英里。A. took带走、花费时间；B. cost花费；C. wasted浪费；D. gave给予。根据后文“me five hours to go a quarter of a mile”可知此处为句型it took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.，表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，天太黑了，我不得不呆在原地，在一滩水旁边过夜。A. Eventually最后；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D.Naturally自然地。根据后文“it got so dark that I had to stay where I was for the night, next to a puddle of water”可知，爬到最后，作者因为天黑只能停在原地。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜间气温降至冰点以下。A. normal常态；B. boiling煮沸；C. freezing冰点；D. average平均。根据上文“It was a cold, sunny December day”可知，夜间气温降至冰点以下。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：塔兹陪着我，给我一些温暖。A. requiring要求；B. enjoying享受；C. delivering递送；D. providing提供。根据后文“some warmth.”可知，狗为作者提供了一些温暖，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力保持乐观。A. humble谦虚的；B. positive积极的；C. awake醒着的；D. energetic精力充沛的。结合后文作者积极求生，可知还在努力保持乐观。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：峡谷里的第二个夜晚似乎更长更冷了。A. quieter更安静的；B. longer更长的；C. shorter更短的；D. louder更大声的。根据后文“and colder”指夜晚漫长且寒冷。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：水坑结冰了，我不得不撬开它取水。A. strike打击；B. drink喝；C. press压；D. crack砸碎。根据上文“The puddle turned to ice”可知，水坑结冰了，所以不得不撬开它取水。故选D。 【34题详解】 查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始接受我可能会死的事实。A. survive幸存；B. stay待着；C. leave离开；D. die死亡。根据上文“On the third day, I felt myself growing weaker.(第三天，我感到自己越来越虚弱)”可知，作者开始接受自己可能会死的事实。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了最后的努力，把塔兹叫过来，让他去找人帮忙。A. effort努力；B. trial实验；C. chance机会；D. break休息。上文提到作者变得虚弱，所以让狗去找人帮忙是最后的努力。故选A。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塔兹独自回来了。A. alive活着的；B. tired疲惫的；C. safe安全的；D. alone独自的。根据后文“Then I heard an engine in the distance.(然后我听到远处有发动机的声音)”可知，狗先独自回到了作者这里。故选D。 【37题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来塔兹找到了一个搜救队。A. came out出版；B. turned out结果是；C. gave out放出；D. found out找出。后文作者得救，可知原来塔兹找到了一个搜救队。故选B。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：原来塔兹找到了一个搜救队。A. survey调查；B. interview采访；C. rescue救援；D. sports运动。呼应后文“the rescue team”指搜救队。故选C。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被空运到医院，医生发现我几乎失去了一半的血液。A.water水 ；B. power权利；C.blood血液 ；D. sweat汗水。结合上文，作者摔下山崖严重受伤，因此是失血过多。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果救援队来得晚一点，我就挺不过去了。A. helped帮助；B. made制作、成功；C. reached到达；D. got得到。根据上文“If the rescue team had arrived later, I wouldn’t have”可知为虚拟语气，表示“挺不过去”，应用make it（好转、成功）。故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists first discovered the two species in the Wolong National Nature Reserve in 2021. They later ____41____(confirm) that they were new orchid and primrose species. And then, the tiny orchid, Gastrochilus heminii, ____42____(list) as a data-deficient species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, meaning more information to assess its risk of ____43____(extinct). The primrose species, another data-deficient flora, grows on cliffs at an altitude of 3,400 meters. So far, scientists have only found one patch of this flower in the wild, ____44____(make )it exceptionally rare. China boasts some of the ____45____(rich) biodiversity in the world and has a relatively fine flora protection system, according to a white paper on China’s biodiversity protection. The reasons for the wealth of ____46____(discovery) are new transportation infrastructure and technology enabling scientists to go deep into uncharted regions. The second reason is that as scientists’ understanding of taxonomy deepens, some flora species ____47____ were found in the past were later reclassified as new species. The third reason is that China’s massive ecological restoration programs have helped ____48____ number of some endangered species to reappear. As of 2021, China had around 200 conservation botanical gardens, safeguarding more than 23,000 species of flora. Rare native plants hold research value and can also serve ____49____the poster child for conservation efforts and get the public ____50____(interest) in science and nature. 【答案】41. confirmed 42. was listed 43. extinction 44. making 45. richest 46. discoveries 47. that##which 48. a 49. as 50. interested 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们于2021年首次发现了两个新的植物品种。这两个新的植物品种的出现的背后不仅有国家政策的大力支持而且还得益于经济的发展使科学家能够深入未知地区。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们后来证实，它们是新的兰花和樱草花品种。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应句意以及“later”可知，应为一般过去时。故填confirmed。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：然后，国际自然保护联盟将这种名为Gastrochilus heminii的小型兰花列为数据不足的物种，这意味着有更多的信息来评估其灭绝的风险。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应时间状语“then”以及主语“the tiny orchid”可知，应为一般过去时，且用单数。故填was listed。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：然后，国际自然保护联盟将这种名为Gastrochilus heminii的小型兰花列为数据不足的物种，这意味着有更多的信息来评估其灭绝的风险。照应空前的介词“of”可知，应为名词extinction作宾语，为不可数名词。故填extinction。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，科学家们只在野外发现了一小块这种花，这使得它非常罕见。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。结合句意，应为doing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然地结果。故填making。 【45题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：根据《中国生物多样性保护白皮书》，中国拥有世界上最丰富的生物多样性，并拥有相对完善的植物保护体系。根据空后的名词“biodiversity”以及空前定冠词“the”可知，应为形容词最高级修饰名词。故填richest。 【46题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：能够大量发现的原因是新的交通基础设施和使科学家能够深入未知地区的技术。根据空前短语“the wealth of”可知，“大量的发现”，所以提示词应为复数。故填discoveries。 【47题详解】 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：第二个原因是，随着科学家对分类学认识的加深，一些过去发现的植物物种后来被重新分类为新物种。分析句子成分可知，空处应为限制性定语从句的关系代词指代先行词“some flora species”，为物，且在从句中充当主语，故应为that或which。故填that/which。 【48题详解】 考查冠词。句意：第三个原因是中国大规模的生态恢复计划帮助一些濒危物种重新出现。固定搭配a number of“许多”。故填a。 【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：稀有的本地植物具有研究价值，也可以作为保护工作的典范，让公众对科学和自然产生兴趣。固定搭配serve as“作为……；充当……”。故填as。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：稀有的本地植物具有研究价值，也可以作为保护工作的典范，让公众对科学和自然产生兴趣。分析句子成分可知，空处应为形容词作宾语补足语，说明宾语“the public”的状态。故填interested。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 I love reading. I love it so much that no matter where I go, and I will put a book in my bag. And I will take it out and read a couple of page when I am free. However, so a good habit also has its disadvantages. Once my mother had anything urgent to deal with and can’t spare time to cook. I promised her that I would cook. But thinking it was still earlier, I picked up a book to read. Soon I got lost in the story. Not until my mother came back I realize I forgot to cook the meal. In my relief, she didn’t blame me. She just reminded me to pay attention to protect my eyesight. What the good mother! 【答案】1. 去掉and 2. page→pages 3. so→such 4. anything→something 5. can’t→couldn’t 6. earlier→early 7. back后加did 8. In→To 9. protect→protecting 10. the→a 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。讲述了作者喜欢读书，但是有时这样的好习惯也有它的缺点。 【详解】1. 考查连词。句意：我非常喜欢它，所以无论我去哪里，我都会在书包里放一本书。分析句子结构可知，本句是no matter where引导的地点状语从句，后句是状语从句的主句，连接词是no matter where，无需and连接。故将and去掉。 2. 考查名词。句意：当我有空的时候，我会把它拿出来读几页。分析句子结构可知，page意为“(书刊或纸张的)页”，为可数名词，根据a couple of可知，此处应用复数形式。故将page改为pages。 3. 考查固定搭配。句意：然而，这样的好习惯也有它的缺点。分析句子结构可知，so不能修饰名词，而such可以。such的用法：such+ adj.+ 可数名词/不可数名词。故将so改为such。 4. 考查代词。句意：有一次我妈妈有急事要处理，抽不出时间做饭。分析句子结构可知，something的基本意思是“某物，某事”，主要用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑问句中通常用anything，本句是肯定句，应该用something。故将anything改为something。 5. 考查动词时态。句意：有一次我妈妈有急事要处理，抽不出时间做饭。分析句子结构可知，本句是and连接的并列句，前句用的是一般过去时，根据句意，后句也需用一般过去时。故将can’t改为couldn’t。 6. 考查形容词。句意：但想到时间还早，我就拿起一本书来读。根据句意可知，此处只是表达“时间还早”之意，没有和谁比较之意，用形容词原级即可。故将earlier改为early。 7. 考查倒装句。句意：直到妈妈回来，我才意识到我忘记做饭了。分析句子结构可知，本句以Not until开头，所以需部分倒装，结构是：Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+...，所以I前需加助动词did。故在back后加did。 8. 考查介词。句意：令我宽慰的是，她没有责怪我。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：to one’s relief意为“令人宽慰的是”。故将In改为To。 9. 考查非谓语。句意：她只是提醒我要注意保护我的视力。分析句子结构可知，短语pay attention to中的to为介词，后应接名词或者动名词。故将protect改为protecting。 10. 考查冠词。句意：多好的妈妈啊!分析句子结构可知，what引导的感叹句，句型为：What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!，本句中省略了主语和谓语，mother前应用不定冠词修饰，good为辅音音素开头。故将the改为a。 第二节(满分25分) 52. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校网站计划开设一个关于健康饮食的栏目(column)：营养在线(Nutrition Online)。请你给外教Mr．Smith写封邮件，邀请他担任栏目顾问。内容包括： 1．发出邀请； 2．介绍情况； 3．表达期待。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, How are you doing? We are planning to set up a new column on our school website. I’m writing to invite you to be our column consultant. This column is to get the students to pay attention to the benefits of healthy eating. So our column will mainly focus on students’ healthy diets. Named Nutrition Online, the new column will be composed of three parts: Readers’ Letters, Healthy Recipes and Dietary Recommendation. And we hope you can give us some advice on this column. What’s more, because of our limited knowledge, we would like you to help check our drafts at your convenience before we upload them to our website. We would be really grateful if you could help us. We are looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr．Smith写封邮件，邀请他担任健康饮食的栏目(column)：营养在线(Nutrition Online)的顾问。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 注意：pay attention to→focus on 组成：be composed of→consist of 建议：advice→suggestion 另外：what’s more→in addition 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Named Nutrition Online, the new column will be composed of three parts: Readers’ Letters, Healthy Recipes and Dietary Recommendation. 拓展句：The new column will be composed of three parts: Readers’ Letters, Healthy Recipes and Dietary Recommendation, which is named Nutrition Online。 【点睛】[高分句型1]And we hope you can give us some advice on this column.(省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2]We would be really grateful if you could help us.(if引导的条件状语从句) 听力 1—5 BABCB 6—10 CBACC 11—15 ABACA 16—20 BBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$