Unit 4 Friends forever 导学案-2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

学科教师辅导讲义 授课日期及时段 教学目标 新必修第一册Unit 4 重点难点 定语从句 教学内容 ( 课堂导入 ) Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思 (　　)1.click　　　 A．n.网站 (　　)2.tend B．adj.有意义的 (　　)3.advance C．v.点击(鼠标) (　　)4.enable D．n.进步，进展 (　　)5.meaningful E．adj.数字的，数码的 (　　)6.site F．v.使可能，使发生 (　　)7.digital G．v.保持，维持 (　　)8.maintain H．v.易于做某事 Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思 A．失去联系　　　 B．不分良莠一起抛弃 C．趋于做某事 D．不露声色地；镇定地 E．多亏了 F．记住，牢记 G．渴望 H．和某人分享…… (　　)1.She handled all of their questions without missing a beat. (　　)2.Keep in mind that the price does not include flights. (　　)3.Thanks to your explanation，it's clear to me now. (　　)4.If you lose track of someone or something, you no longer know where they are or what is happening. (　　)5.I tend to stick to fresh fruit for pudding. (　　)6.It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust. (　　)7.I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope. (　　)8.Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ( 知识讲解 ) Section Ⅱ 必备句式 背教材原句 记句式结构 仿写促落实 1.What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters？ 要是获得远方朋友的消息的唯一方式是写信，会怎么样呢？ What if...？ 要是…会怎么样呢？ What if she finds out that you've lost her book？ 如果她发现你把她的书丢了怎么办？ 2.Thanks to advances in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. 多亏了科技进步，我们交朋友及与他们沟通的方式大大改变。 主语从句 Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否来还是一个问题。 3.Although technology has changed the way we are connected，the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 虽然科技改变了我们联系的方式，但是友谊的真谛和对友情的渴望是不变的。 the way＋定语从句 I don't like the way he looks at me. 我不喜欢他那种样子看着我。 重点词汇 lose track of失去联系 (教材P38)How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? 如果搬迁到一个新城市意味着和朋友失去联系你会感觉如何呢？ (1)由“lose＋名词＋介词”构成的常用短语还有： lose sight of　　　 再也见不着 lose control of 失去控制 lose faith in 不再相信 lose touch with 失去联系 (2)由“其他动词＋名词＋介词”构成的常见短语： catch sight of 看见 do harm to 损害 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 ①We could make better use of our resources. 我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。 ②Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意听我说的话。 ③She________(lose)control of her car on the ice yesterday. 昨天她在冰上开车失去了控制。 ④Now he has lost touch ________all his old friends. 现在他与所有的老朋友都失去了联系。 (教材P38)Thanks to advances in technology，how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. 多亏了科技进步，我们如何交友及保持联系的方式大大改变。 (1)advance v．促进；前进；提前 n．前进；进步 in advance＝ahead of time　 提前，预先 make an advance in sth. 在某方面有进步 advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 ①I should warn you in advance，we may be delayed. 我得预先提醒你，我们也许会被耽搁。 ②Thanks to the _____________(advance) technology，we live in an age of better communication. 多亏了先进的技术，我们生活在一个较好的通信时代。 ③They ________________(advance)20 miles by nightfall. 夜幕降临时，他们已推进了20英里。 (2)【要点提炼】　 本句是how引导的主语从句，作has changed的主语。 在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词that，whether以及连接代词who，what，which，whoever和连接副词when，where，why，how等。 ④When they will start has not been decided yet. 他们何时出发还没决定。 ⑤That she was chosen made us very happy. 她当选了使我们很高兴。 ⑥________caused the accident is a complete mystery. 是什么导致了这项事故还完全是个谜。 ⑦It makes no difference ________we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开这个会都无所谓。 maintain v．保持，维持；维修 (教材P38)Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships without missing a beat. 社交媒体工具让我们知道朋友在干什么并不露声色地保持友谊。 maintain...at...　　 把……保持在…… maintain with... 与……保持 maintenance n. 维护，保养；维持，保持 ①Food is necessary to maintain life. 食物是维持生命必需的。 ②The two countries________________(maintain)friendly relations for many years. 两国多年来一直保持着友好的关系。 ③Maintain your speed ________ 60 mph. 你要保持每小时60英里的速度。 click n．咔嗒声；(计算机)点击 v．(使)发出咔嗒声；点击 (教材P39)CLICK for a friend? 点击找到了朋友？ double­click　　　　 双击 click out 劈劈啪啪打出…… click for 幸运地获得 click (on)sth. 单击…… click with sb. 受某人的欢迎 ①She heard the lock click softly. 她听到锁轻轻地发出咔嗒一声。 ②Click ________their names to find out more about them. 点击它们的名称以获取更多信息。 ③The film________________(click)with young audiences. 这部电影受年轻观众的欢迎。 enable v．使可能，使发生 (教材P39)The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests，such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. 数码时代也能使我们找到兴趣相同的人，如收集车模型或演奏非凡乐器的群组。 enable sb.to do sth.　　　 使某人做某事 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 ①Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐能使我们放松。 ②A dog's ears enable it ________________(hear)the least sound. 狗的耳朵使它能听到极细微的声音。 ③We shall be able _____________(deal)with all sorts of problems.我们应该能够应付各种困难。 重点句式 (教材P39)Although technology has changed the way we are connected，the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 虽然科技改变了我们联系的方式，但是友谊的真谛和对友情的渴望是不变的。 (1)【要点提炼】　 we are connected是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 (1)当way后面的定语从句中缺少状语时，关系词可用in which或that，也可以省略。 (2)当way后面的定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，关系词用that或which，作宾语时可省略。 ①The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. (熊猫)妈妈用前爪抱着熊猫宝宝，非常像人类抱婴儿的那种方式。 ②The way ________________he explained to us was quite simple. 他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。 ③The way ________which he explained sentences to us was not difficult to understand. 他向我们解释句子的方式不难理解。 (2)remain vi.剩下；停留；留待；依然 　写出下列句中remain的含义 ④The children ate and ate until no food remained on the table.________ ⑤After the party Judy remained and helped me do the dishes.________ ⑥It remains to be seen whether he will pass the exam.________ ⑦Last Sunday we visited the remains of an ancient castle.________ (1)remain＋名词/形容词 依然 remain to be done 某事有待去做 (2)remaining adj. 余下的，剩下的(只作前置定语) the remaining money/time 剩下的钱/时间 (3)remains n. 遗迹；剩余物；遗体 ⑧He bought a new pen with the ________(remain)money.他用剩下的钱买了一支钢笔。 ⑨Much remains to be done. 还有很多事要去做。 ⑩Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火车票价很可能会保持不变。 ⑪It remains ________________(see)whether you are right. 你说得对不对还有待证实。 ⑫The ________________(remain)twenty patients were transferred to another hospital. 其余的20名病人被转送到另一家医院。 Section Ⅲ 重点词汇 quality n．素质，品质 adj.高品质的；棒极了 (教材P42)a quality that offers help to others 主动助人的品质 quality作“质量”讲时，常用单数形式；作“品质”讲时是可数名词。 of quality　　　　　　 高质量的 ①The store is proud of the quality of its wine. 这家商店为其酒的质量自豪。 ②“What was the film like”？“Quality！” “这部电影怎么样”？“棒极了”！ ③He has all the ________(quality) of a successful businessman. 他具有成功商人的所有品质。 ④The quality of life improved when they moved to France. 移居法国以后，他们的生活质量提高了。 anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 (教材P42)the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry 没有焦虑和生气地等待的能力 (1)be anxious about　　　 对……担心 be anxious at 因……而担心 be anxious for 渴望…… (2)anxiety n. 担心，焦虑 ①The whole country was anxious________ peace. 全国上下都渴望和平。 ②Mother was anxious ________her children. 妈妈很担心她的孩子。 ③She was both glad and anxious________the news. 她听到这个消息既高兴又着急。 定语从句(1)——关系代词 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 1....and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 2.The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests... 3....the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them... 1.例1中关系代词that在从句中作宾语。 2.例2中关系代词who在从句中作主语。 3.例3中关系代词who在从句中作主语。 一、定语从句的句法功能及相关定义 1．功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 2．位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前、句中，也可置于主句之后。 Those who are for the plan raise your hands，please. 赞同这个计划的人请举手。 As is known to us all，the earth is running around the sun. 我们都知道，地球绕着太阳运转。 3． 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some­，any­，every­，no­与­body，­thing的合成词或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。数词和人称代词也同样可作先行词。 二、定语从句的核心考点 1．确定关系词的步骤： (1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。 (2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。 (1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. 这是值得一看的地方。 (2)关系词在从句中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit in China.(visit后面不能再加many places/them) 在中国有很多我们可以参观的地方。 2．在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况中关系词用that而不用which: (1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 (2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，few等修饰时。 (3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。 (4)先行词中既有人又有物时。 Do you know the persons and things that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ (5)先行词在主句中作表语时。 The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago. 这个村不再是五年前的样子了。 (6)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which are the books that you bought for me? 哪些是你为我买的书？ 3．用which而不用that的情况： (1)在非限制性定语从句中。 (2)当关系词前有介词时。 (3)当先行词本身是that时。 (4)关系词后有插入语时。 4．关系词who与that指人时，根据不同情况分别用不同的关系词。 (1)当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。 (2)先行词是anyone，those，someone，everyone，one等词时，关系词用who。 (3)当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。 Who is the girl that is standing by the window? 站在窗边的那位女孩是谁？ (4)whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。 5．whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。 Do you know Mr.Smith whose experience is very special? 你认识经历特别的史密斯先生吗？ There is a room whose window faces the river. 有一个房间窗户朝着河。 6．关系代词as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 (1)先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many(much)中，从句都用as引导。 Such books as you bought are useful. 你买的那类书很有用。 The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago. 这所学校仍旧与十年前一样。 注意：①such...that...引导结果状语从句。如： They are such lovely children that we love them very much. 他们是很可爱的孩子，我们都很喜欢。 ②the same...that...引导定语从句。如： I want to use the same tool that you used just now. 我想使用刚才你用过的那个工具。 (2)先行词为句子，定语从句用as或which引导。 区别：①意义上：as含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as从句可置于句首，也可在句中或句尾：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。 He didn't pass the exam，as we had expected. 他没有通过考试，这是我们早就预料到的。 There is lots of air in loose snow，which can keep the cold out. 松散的雪里有很多空气，这有助于御寒。 As is known，the earth is round. 人们知道，地球是圆的。 Section Ⅳ 重点词汇 distance n．距离，间距 (教材P44)．..，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. ……，无论我们情况如何或我们会走多远距离。 (1)in the distance　　　　 在远处 at/from a distance 稍远处；隔一段距离 keep one's distance from...＝keep...at a distance 与……保持距离 (2)distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的 be distant from 离……遥远 be distant towards sb. 对某人冷淡 ①Walk on a short distance and there you are. 再往前走不了多远，你就到了。 ②You can see the mountains in the distance. 你可以看见远处的山。 ③The picture looks better ________ a distance. 从远处看，这幅画显得更好看一些。 work out成功地发展；计算出；锻炼身体；想出，制订出 (教材P44)We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be. 　写出下列句中work out的含义 ①—How much do I owe you? —I haven't worked it out yet.________ ②We must work out a way to have a cheap holiday.________ ③The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.________ ④Try not to worry.I'm sure everything will work out in the end.________ 含work的常用短语还有： work around/round to sth./sb. 　　　　　　　 渐渐转变(话题等) work at sth. 努力做某事 work on sb. 努力说服某人 work sth.into sth. 设法地……加进 ⑤It was some time before he worked around to what he really wanted to say. 他东拉西扯了一会儿才绕到真正要说的事情上来。 ⑥He hasn't said he'll do it yet，but I'm working on him. 他还没说他会做这事，不过我正在设法说服他。 ⑦He's working ________ losing weight. 他正在努力减肥。 ⑧Can't you work a few more jokes ________ your speech? 难道你就不能在讲话中再增加几句笑话吗？ 长难句 1．(教材P44)We agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. 【分析】　句中第二个that引导________从句，该从句中又含有两个________从句，由________________引导。 2．(教材P45)But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive，for he always was the truest，stanchest old chap in the world. 【分析】　本句是一个________句。for是并列连词，连接两个并列分句。第一个分句本身又是复合句。I know Jimmy will meet me here是主句，if he's alive是条件状语从句。 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ( 练习巩固 ) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The way _______ you tell me was not practical. 2．We must have enough food ___________ (maintain)our strength. 3．This is my newly bought __________(digit)watch. 4．Generally，written language tends ________(be)formal. 5．Airplanes enable people__________(travel)great distances. 6．Prices____________(advance)15 percent during the past year. 7．Thanks to __________l(society)media，we are able to communicate so swiftly. 8．_________ far away we are，we feel close to each other. 9．He has to maintain a large family __________a small salary. 10．They long _______ a chance to visit Shanghai. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ( 家庭作业 ) A All of us need friends.We all like to feel close to someone.It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do many things together.Surely, there are times when we need to be alone, and we don't always want people around.But we will feel lonely if we never have a good way to call them or write to them.Maybe we will never see them again.But we can make new friends.It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.Families sometimes name their children after a close friend.Many people are named after men and women, if they are friendly to people in town.Some libraries are named in this way.So are some schools.We think of these people when we go to these places. There is more good news for people, if they have friends.These people live longer than those who don't have friends.Why? It could be that they are happier.Being happy helps you stay well.Or it could be just known that someone cares about you.If someone cares about you, you take better care of yourself. 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．None need friends. B．We always need friends around up. C．Making friends is the need in people's life. D．We need to be alone. 2．Which of the following is the most probable place named after friendly people? A．A factory.　　 B．A room. C．A village. D．A library. 3．This passage mainly tells us ． A．that people are all friends B．that people need friends C．how to get to know friends D．how to name a place after friends B People all need friends because nobody wants to be lonely.A friend can help you in good and bad times.You've made friends since childhood, but you still don't know who your true friends are.Here are some signs(迹象) to tell you if your friend is a true friend. ·Always honest Honesty is important to keep your relationship alive.A true friend always tells you the truth.It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy your friendship.It is important that your friend speaks honestly and never tells lies or makes up stories. · There are always times in your life when you have problems or difficulties.A true friend will always have time to listen to your problems and give advice.It may not be able to offer a solution to your problems but the fact that your friend made time to listen shows he cares for you.Your friend is not a true friend if he can never make the time for you when you are in trouble.You also need to be reasonable and accept that your friend also has other things to do so he can't always listen immediately to your problems. ·Always respectful A true friend will always respect your ideas no matter whether he agrees or not.Your true friend may say no to you but never insists that he is correct. ·Always understanding It is possible that some problems will come up between you and your friend.We are all different people and we all make mistakes.A true friend is always forgiving (宽容的)and understanding because he doesn't want to take the risk of losing his best friend. 4．What's the best title for Paragraph 3? A．Always there for you B．Keep your secrets C．Always happy for you D．Remember your important days 5．According to the text, a true friend will always ． A．follow your advice B．offer solutions to your problems C．listen immediately to your problems D．respect your opinion even if he disagrees with it 6．A true friend will always forgive and understand you because ． A．he wants to help you B．he doesn't want to lose you C．he wants you to feel confident D．he doesn't care about your mistakes 7．What's the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To teach us how to make true friends. B．To find out how long friendship can last. C．To introduce his experience in making friends. D．To tell us how to find out if a friend is a true friend. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$