Unit 3 Family Matters Using language 谓语动词（动词的时态）课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

动词的时态 谓语动词（1） 动词 时态 语态 主谓一致 基本形式：to do、doing、done 依据在句中是否充当谓语成分： 谓语动词 非谓语动词 一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时【三大高频时态】 过去完成时【完成态】 一般将来时、过去将来时【将来态】 现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时【进行态】 主动语态、被动语态（主动表被动） 语法一致原则、就近一致原则、意义一致原则 作主语 作表语 作宾语 作定语 作状语 作宾补 非谓语动词基本形态 1. to do 2. doing 3. done 谓语动词形态 1.实义动词 2.系动词 3.情态动词+V 4.助动词+V 时态及其动词形式 态 时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 build/builds 现在进行时 am/is/are building 现在完成时 have/has built 现在完成进行时 have/has been building 过去 一般过去时 built 过去进行时 was/were building 过去完成时 had built 过去完成进行时 had been building 将来 一般将来时 will build 将来进行时 will be building 将来完成时 will have built 将来完成进行时 will have been building 过去将来 过去将来时 would build 过去将来进行 would be building 过去将来完成时 would have built 过去将来完成进行时 would have been building * 表格中标黄部分为考试所需掌握的时态。 阅览近五年高考真题，试题考查的三大高频时态为：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时。 5年考情·探查规律 考查方式特征之一：动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。 考查方式特征之二：动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应及语境整体时态。 Hello, everyone! I’m your tour guide, Joy. If you listen closely, you’ll discover so much more about Chinese culture and history. By the way, your flight departs at 8 p.m., so we have no time to waste! Let’s get started! The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is a remarkable cultural landmark located in Beijing. Its rich history dates back centuries and provides a fascinating glimpse into China's imperial past. 一般现在时 PART 01 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 4. 在时间、条件或让步状从中用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）： If you listen closely, you’ll discover so much more about Chinese culture and history. 3. 按时间表、时刻表将要发生的动作： Your flight departs at 8p.m. 2. 客观描述、科学真理或普遍现象： The Forbidden city is a remarkable cultural landmark located in Beijing. 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作/状态： Joy is a tour guide. 含义及结构 主语+V/V-es 时间状语 every week/weekly, on weekends/in the morning等表规律性、习惯的表达。 always usually/often sometimes hardly seldom never 频度副词 The construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406 during the Ming Dynasty under the reign of Emperor Yongle. The project employed thousands of artisans and laborers, and it took about 14 years to complete. 一般过去时 PART 02 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 2. 在时间、条件、让步等状从中，表示过去将来的（主过将从过）： He would buy some copies for us when he went there. 1. 过去的动作或所处的状态： The construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406. 含义及结构 时间状语 five days ago; last week; yesterday, yesterday morning; in 1997; then, just now, once upon time, previously, originally, just now, the other day; 主语+V-ed The Forbidden City has witnessed the rise and fall of numerous emperors. It has served as the imperial residence and administrative center throughout Chinese history. Today, the Forbidden City is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 现在完成时 PART 03 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 1. 过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果： The Forbidden City has witnessed the rise and fall of numerous emperors. It has served as the imperial residence and administrative center throughout Chinese history. 2. 从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态： He has lived here for ten years. 含义及结构 时间状语 (自从曾经到现在，刚刚已经有几年) 自从(since, ever since) 曾经 (ever, once, never) 到现在(up to now, so far, till now, to date, to this day, recently)；刚刚(just) 已经(already)有几年(for ...years; over/during/in the past ... years)。 主语+have/has + done 时态及其动词形式 态 时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 build/builds 现在进行时 am/is/are building 现在完成时 have/has built 现在完成进行时 have/has been building 过去 一般过去时 built 过去进行时 was/were building 过去完成时 had built 过去完成进行时 had been building 将来 一般将来时 will build 将来进行时 will be building 将来完成时 will have built 将来完成进行时 will have been building 过去将来 过去将来时 would build 过去将来进行 would be building 过去将来完成时 would have built 过去将来完成进行时 would have been building * 表格中标黄部分为考试所需掌握的时态。 过去完成时 PART 04 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 1. 在过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”： By the time I arrived, she had already left. 2. hope, want, mean, suppose, intend, plan, think, expect等动词用过去完成时，表“本打算/计划/希望/认为而实际并未做”： We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to. 含义及结构 主语+had done 2. 宾语从句中，从句动作先于主句动作发生。 She said that she had watched the sunrise at the top of Mount Tai. 1. by/by the end of/before+过去的时间点；by the time+从句 By the time she left the college, she had been an excellent student. 时间状语 3. 固定句式。 Hardly/Scarely ... when...; No sooner...than...; No sooner had she rushed out of the house than it burnt down. Hardly/Scarcely had she rushed out of the house when it burnt down. 时态及其动词形式 态 时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 build/builds 现在进行时 am/is/are building 现在完成时 have/has built 现在完成进行时 have/has been building 过去 一般过去时 built 过去进行时 was/were building 过去完成时 had built 过去完成进行时 had been building 将来 一般将来时 will build 将来进行时 will be building 将来完成时 will have built 将来完成进行时 will have been building 过去将来 过去将来时 would build 过去将来进行 would be building 过去将来完成时 would have built 过去将来完成进行时 would have been building * 表格中标黄部分为考试所需掌握的时态。 一般将来时 PART 05 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 表示将要发生的动作或状态： 含义及结构 1. will/shall + do sth (临时决定，无迹象) ---What time is it? ---I have no idea. But just a minute, I will check it for you. 2. be going to + do sth (提前计划，有迹象) Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 3. be to do sth (按计划或按职责、义务必须做的事) The President is to visit the country next month. 4. be about to do sth (表示非常近期内正要、即将做某事) The moive is about to start. 2. next Friday; next week... 1. tomorrow, the day after tomorrow; tomorrow morning... 时间状语 3. in a few days; in a week; in a month... 4. one day; some day; in the future; soon... 过去将来时 PART 06 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或状态： 1. would + do sth 2. was/were going to + do sth 3. was/were to do sth 4. was/were about to do sth 含义及结构 注意：过去将来时通常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 She said she would retire the next year. I wondered what my son would say the next moment. 时态及其动词形式 态 时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 build/builds 现在进行时 am/is/are building 现在完成时 have/has built 现在完成进行时 have/has been building 过去 一般过去时 built 过去进行时 was/were building 过去完成时 had built 过去完成进行时 had been building 将来 一般将来时 will build 将来进行时 will be building 将来完成时 will have built 将来完成进行时 will have been building 过去将来 过去将来时 would build 过去将来进行 would be building 过去将来完成时 would have built 过去将来完成进行时 would have been building * 表格中标黄部分为考试所需掌握的时态。 现在进行时 PART 07 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 1. 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作；或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。 We are studying English right now./ I’m writing a novel recently. 2. 与always、constantly等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或表达某种感情色彩。 The girl is always talking in public. 3. 表示位移的动词，如come, leave, arrive等可用现在进行时表将来。 I’m setting off for Shanghai tomorrow morning. 含义及结构 主语+am/is/are+V-ing 2. look, listen... 1. now, at this moment, right now... (说话时此刻) 时间状语 3. these days, this week... (现阶段) 4. always, constantly... (表情绪状态) 5. while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 PART 08 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 1. 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或状态。 We were studying English at 7 o’clock this morning. 2. 表示位移的动词，如come, leave, arrive等可用进行时表将来。 She asked him whether he was coming back for supper. 含义及结构 主语+was/were+V-ing 时间状语 1. then, at that moment, at that time... 2. this time yesterday, at ten last night... (过去时间的某个时间点) 将来进行时 PART 09 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 表示将来某一时刻正在发生的动作或状态。 Don’t phone me between 5 and 6. We’ll be having dinner then. 含义及结构 主语+will be+V-ing 时间状语 1. then, at that moment, at that time... 2. this time tomorrow, at ten tomorrow... (将来时间的某个时间点) 现在完成进行时 PART 10 1. 含义； 2. 结构； 3.时间状语； 表示一个动作始于过去，持续到现在并将继续持续下去。 I have been living here for ten years. 含义及结构 主语+have/has been doing 时间状语(同现在完成时) 自从(since, ever since) 曾经 (ever, once, never) 到现在(up to now, so far, till now, to date, to this day, recently)；刚刚(just) 已经(already)有几年(for ...years; over/during/in the past ... years)。 时态及其动词形式 态 时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 build/builds 现在进行时 am/is/are building 现在完成时 have/has built 现在完成进行时 have/has been building 过去 一般过去时 built 过去进行时 was/were building 过去完成时 had built 过去完成进行时 had been building 将来 一般将来时 will build 将来进行时 will be building 将来完成时 will have built 将来完成进行时 will have been building 过去将来 过去将来时 would build 过去将来进行 would be building 过去将来完成时 would have built 过去将来完成进行时 would have been building * 表格中标黄部分为考试所需掌握的时态。 (2) This is the first time that sb have done... This/That/It is the + 最高级 + 名词 that sb have done This was the first time that sb had done... (3) It is high/about time that sb did/should do... It’s high time that we took measures to protect the environment. It’s high time that we should take measures to protect the environment. (1) be doing...(过去进行时) when...(一般过去时) I was doing my homework when my father came in. (4) 祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。 Give up in winter, and you will miss the beauty of spring. 固定句式中的时态运用 2024高考真题 (1) Some of the things that Tang was writing about              (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. (2) They               (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. (3) His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I              (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” (4) Over the last two years, some supermarkets             (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). were were jogged have started 2023高考真题 (1) Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________(amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. (2) As a little girl, I ___________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. (3) Up to now, China ___________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. was amazed wished has established Tips: 1. 判断谓语动词or非谓语动词? 2. 若为谓语动词时： （1）删减定从等，理出句子主干； （2）依据时间状语/整体语境判断时态; 语法链接写作 动作链: A, B and C 1. 他站了起来，抱住父母，微笑着，尽量不让情绪失控。 2. 他看了一眼奖杯，深吸了一口气，说道：“谢谢你！” He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, tying not let his emotions get the better of him. He glanced at the trophy, took a deep breath and said, “Thank you!” 谢谢聆听 $$